Journal articles: 'Synthetic perovskite'

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Lu, Yangbin, Kang Qu, Tao Zhang, Qingquan He, and Jun Pan. "Metal Halide Perovskite Nanowires: Controllable Synthesis, Mechanism, and Application in Optoelectronic Devices." Nanomaterials 13, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13030419.

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Metal halide perovskites are promising energy materials because of their high absorption coefficients, long carrier lifetimes, strong photoluminescence, and low cost. Low-dimensional halide perovskites, especially one-dimensional (1D) halide perovskite nanowires (NWs), have become a hot research topic in optoelectronics owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties. Herein, we review the synthetic strategies and mechanisms of halide perovskite NWs in recent years, such as hot injection, vapor phase growth, selfassembly, and solvothermal synthesis. Furthermore, we summarize their applications in optoelectronics, including lasers, photodetectors, and solar cells. Finally, we propose possible perspectives for the development of halide perovskite NWs.

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Lee, ChaeHyun, Soo Jeong Lee, YeJi Shin, Yeonsu Woo, Sung-Hwan Han, Andrés Fabián Gualdrón-Reyes, Iván Mora-Seró, and Seog Joon Yoon. "Synthetic and Post-Synthetic Strategies to Improve Photoluminescence Quantum Yields in Perovskite Quantum Dots." Catalysts 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11080957.

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Making high-quality raw materials is the key to open the versatile potential of next generation materials. All-inorganic CsPbX3 (X: Cl−, Br−, and/or I−) perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have been applied in various optoelectronic devices, such as photocatalysis, hydrogen evolution, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes, due to their outstanding photophysical properties, such as high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), absorption cross-section, efficient charge separation, and so on. Specifically, for further improvement of the PLQY of the PQDs, it is essential to diminish the non-radiative charge recombination processes. In this work, we approached two ways to control the non-radiative charge recombination processes through synthetic and post-synthetic processes. Firstly, we proposed how refinement of the conventional recrystallization process for PbI2 contributes to higher PLQY of the PQDs. Secondly, after halide exchange from CsPbI3 PQDs to CsPbBr3, through an in situ spectroelectrochemical setup, we monitored the positive correlation between bromide deposition of on the surface of the perovskite and photoluminescence improvement of the CsPbBr3 perovskite film through electrodeposition. These two strategies could provide a way to enhance the photophysical properties of the perovskites for application to various perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.

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Liu, Maning, Anastasia Matuhina, Haichang Zhang, and Paola Vivo. "Advances in the Stability of Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals." Materials 12, no. 22 (November 12, 2019): 3733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223733.

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Colloidal halide perovskite nanocrystals are promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronics because of their facile synthesis and their outstanding and size-tunable properties. However, these materials suffer from rapid degradation, similarly to their bulk perovskite counterparts. Here, we survey the most recent strategies to boost perovskite nanocrystals stability, with a special focus on the intrinsic chemical- and compositional-factors at synthetic and post-synthetic stage. Finally, we review the most promising approaches to address the environmental extrinsic stability of perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs). Our final goal is to outline the most promising research directions to enhance PNCs’ lifetime, bringing them a step closer to their commercialization.

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Mitchell, Roger H., Mark D. Welch, and Anton R. Chakhmouradian. "Nomenclature of the perovskite supergroup: A hierarchical system of classification based on crystal structure and composition." Mineralogical Magazine 81, no. 3 (June 2017): 411–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.156.

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AbstractOn the basis of extensive studies of synthetic perovskite-structured compounds it is possible to derive a hierarchy of hettotype structures which are derivatives of the arisotypic cubic perovskite structure (ABX3), exemplified by SrTiO3 (tausonite) or KMgF3 (parascandolaite) by: (1) tilting and distortion of the BX6 octahedra; (2) ordering of A- and B-site cations; (3) formation of A-, B- or X-site vacancies. This hierarchical scheme can be applied to some naturally-occurring oxides, fluorides,hydroxides, chlorides, arsenides, intermetallic compounds and silicates which adopt such derivative crystal structures. Application of this hierarchical scheme to naturally-occurring minerals results in the recognition of a perovskite supergroup which is divided into stoichiometric and non-stoichiometricperovskite groups, with both groups further divided into single ABX3 or double A2BB'X6 perovskites. Subgroups, and potential subgroups, of stoichiometric perovskites include: (1) silicate single perovskites of the bridgmanite subgroup;(2) oxide single perovskites of the perovskite subgroup (tausonite, perovskite, loparite, lueshite, isolueshite, lakargiite, megawite); (3) oxide single perovskites of the macedonite subgroup which exhibit second order Jahn-Teller distortions (macedonite, barioperovskite); (4) fluoride singleperovskites of the neighborite subgroup (neighborite, parascandolaite); (5) chloride single perovskites of the chlorocalcite subgroup; (6) B-site cation ordered double fluoride perovskites of the cryolite subgroup (cryolite, elpasolite, simmonsite); (7) B-site cation orderedoxide double perovskites of the vapnikite subgroup [vapnikite, (?) latrappite]. Non-stoichiometric perovskites include: (1) A-site vacant double hydroxides, or hydroxide perovskites, belonging to the söhngeite, schoenfliesite and stottite subgroups; (2) Anion-deficient perovskitesof the brownmillerite subgroup (srebrodolskite, shulamitite); (3) A-site vacant quadruple perovskites (skutterudite subgroup); (4) B-site vacant single perovskites of the oskarssonite subgroup [oskarssonite]; (5) B-site vacant inverse single perovskites of the coheniteand auricupride subgroups; (6) B-site vacant double perovskites of the diaboleite subgroup; (7) anion-deficient partly-inverse B-site quadruple perovskites of the hematophanite subgroup.

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Palma, Davide, Francesca Deganello, Leonarda Francesca Liotta, Valeria La Parola, Alessandra Bianco Prevot, Mery Malandrino, Enzo Laurenti, Vittorio Boffa, and Giuliana Magnacca. "Main Issues in the Synthesis and Testing of Thermocatalytic Ce-Doped SrFeO3 Perovskites for Wastewater Pollutant Removal." Inorganics 11, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11020085.

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The effect of the synthesis and processing parameters on the thermocatalytic performance of Ce-doped SrFeO3 inorganic perovskites was investigated to improve the reproducibility and reliability of the synthetic methodology and of the testing procedure. A structural, surface and redox characterization was performed to check the extent of variability in the chemical–physical properties of the prepared materials, revealing that a strict control of the synthesis parameters is indeed crucial to optimize the thermocatalytic properties of Ce-doped SrFeO3 inorganic perovskites. The thermocatalytic tests, aimed to degrade organic pollutants in water, were performed using Orange II and Bisphenol A as target compounds, in view of a later technological application. The main issues in the synthesis and testing of Ce-doped SrFeO3 perovskite thermocatalysts are highlighted and described, giving specific instructions for the resolution of each of them. A limited number of prepared materials showed an efficient thermocatalytic effect, indicating that a full gelification of the sol, an overstoichiometric reducer-to-oxidizer ratio, a nominal cerium content of 15 mol%, slightly higher than its solubility limit (i.e., 14 mol%), a pH of 6 and a thermal treatment at 800 °C/2 h are the best synthesis conditions to obtain an effective Ce-doped SrFeO3 perovskite. Regarding the testing conditions, the best procedure is to follow the degradation reaction without any preconditioning with the pollutant at room temperature. The severe leaching of the active perovskite phase during tests conducted at acidic pH is discussed. Briefly, we suggest confining the application of these materials to a limited pH range. Variability between thermocatalysts prepared in two different laboratories was also checked. The issues discussed and the proposed solutions overcome some of the obstacles to achieving a successful scale up of the synthesis process. Our results were favorable in comparison to those in the literature, and our approach can be successfully extended to other perovskite catalysts.

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Shafath, Sadiyah, Khulood Logade, Anand Kumar, and Ibrahim Abu Reesh. "(Digital Presentation) Multifunctional Lanthanum Perovskite Electrocatalysts (LaMn_xCo_1-xO₃ (0≤x≤1)) for Alkaline Medium Methanol Oxidation and Oxygen Catalysis." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 43 (October 9, 2022): 1629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02431629mtgabs.

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Lanthanum-based synthetic perovskites (LaMnxCo1-xO3 (0≤x≤1)) were synthesized using a solution combustion synthesis technique with variable ratios of Co and Mn to investigates the surface and electrocatalytic property (activity and stability of catalysts) for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under alkaline medium (KOH). The structural and morphological characterizations of the synthesized catalyst were performed by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and XPS techniques. The structural and chemical properties systematically changed by varying the Mn to Co ratio in the perovskite structure. To observe the completion of combustion and temperature characteristics during the synthesis process, which are known to impact structural qualities, the time temperature profile during the combustion process was monitored. SEM/EDX and XPS analysis confirmed the formation of targeted ratio of Mn and Co on the catalyst. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) results revealed that all perovskite samples with different Co:Mn ratios were active for ORR, OER and MOR. The LaMnxCo1-xO3 perovskite with x=0.4 showed the highest current density compared to other samples towards all the investigated electrocatalytic reactions (MOR, ORR and OER) under alkaline reaction conditions.

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Worku, Michael, Yu Tian, Chenkun Zhou, Haoran Lin, Maya Chaaban, Liang-jin Xu, Qingquan He, et al. "Hollow metal halide perovskite nanocrystals with efficient blue emissions." Science Advances 6, no. 17 (April 2020): eaaz5961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz5961.

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Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have emerged as new-generation light-emitting materials with narrow emissions and high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies (PLQEs). Various types of perovskite NCs, e.g., platelets, wires, and cubes, have been discovered to exhibit tunable emissions across the whole visible spectrum. Despite remarkable advances in the field of perovskite NCs, many nanostructures in inorganic NCs have not yet been realized in metal halide perovskites, and producing highly efficient blue-emitting perovskite NCs remains challenging and of great interest. Here, we report the discovery of highly efficient blue-emitting cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite hollow NCs. By facile solution processing of CsPbBr3 precursor solution containing ethylenediammonium bromide and sodium bromide, in situ formation of hollow CsPbBr3 NCs with controlled particle and pore sizes is realized. Synthetic control of hollow nanostructures with quantum confinement effect results in color tuning of CsPbBr3 NCs from green to blue, with high PLQEs of up to 81%.

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Muñoz, Helir Joseph, Sophia A. Korili, and Antonio Gil. "Progress and Recent Strategies in the Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of Perovskites Based on Lanthanum and Aluminum." Materials 15, no. 9 (May 4, 2022): 3288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093288.

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Lanthanum aluminate-based perovskite (LaAlO3) has excellent stability at high temperatures, low toxicity, and high chemical resistance and also offers wide versatility to the substitution of La3+ and Al3+, thus, allowing it to be applied as a catalyst, nano-adsorbent, sensor, and microwave dielectric resonator, amongst other equally important uses. As such, LaAlO3 perovskites have gained importance in recent years. This review considers the extensive literature of the past 10 years on the synthesis and catalytic applications of perovskites based on lanthanum and aluminum (LaAlO3). The aim is, first, to provide an overview of the structure, properties, and classification of perovskites. Secondly, the most recent advances in synthetic methods, such as solid-state methods, solution-mediated methods (co-precipitation, sol–gel, and Pechini synthesis), thermal treatments (combustion, microwave, and freeze drying), and hydrothermal and solvothermal methods, are also discussed. The most recent energetic catalytic applications (the dry and steam reforming of methane; steam reforming of toluene, glycerol, and ethanol; and oxidative coupling of methane, amongst others) using these functional materials are also addressed. Finally, the synthetic challenges, advantages, and limitations associated with the preparation methods and catalytic applications are discussed.

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Filip, Marina R., and Feliciano Giustino. "The geometric blueprint of perovskites." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 21 (May 7, 2018): 5397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719179115.

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Perovskite minerals form an essential component of the Earth’s mantle, and synthetic crystals are ubiquitous in electronics, photonics, and energy technology. The extraordinary chemical diversity of these crystals raises the question of how many and which perovskites are yet to be discovered. Here we show that the “no-rattling” principle postulated by Goldschmidt in 1926, describing the geometric conditions under which a perovskite can form, is much more effective than previously thought and allows us to predict perovskites with a fidelity of 80%. By supplementing this principle with inferential statistics and internet data mining we establish that currently known perovskites are only the tip of the iceberg, and we enumerate 90,000 hitherto-unknown compounds awaiting to be studied. Our results suggest that geometric blueprints may enable the systematic screening of millions of compounds and offer untapped opportunities in structure prediction and materials design.

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Benedek, Nicole A., and Michael A. Hayward. "Hybrid Improper Ferroelectricity: A Theoretical, Computational, and Synthetic Perspective." Annual Review of Materials Research 52, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 331–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-080819-010313.

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We review the theoretical, computational, and synthetic literature on hybrid improper ferroelectricity in layered perovskite oxides. Different ferroelectric mechanisms are described and compared, and their elucidation using theory and first-principles calculations is discussed. We also highlight the connections between crystal chemistry and the physical mechanisms of ferroelectricity. The experimental literature on hybrid improper ferroelectrics is surveyed, with a particular emphasis on cation-ordered double perovskites, Ruddlesden–Popper and Dion–Jacobson phases. We discuss preparative routes for synthesizing hybrid improper ferroelectrics in all three families and the conditions under which different phases can be stabilized. Finally, we survey some synthetic opportunities for expanding the family of hybrid improper ferroelectrics.

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Solari, Simon F., Sudhir Kumar, Jakub Jagielski, Nikolas M. Kubo, Frank Krumeich, and Chih-Jen Shih. "Ligand-assisted solid phase synthesis of mixed-halide perovskite nanocrystals for color-pure and efficient electroluminescence." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 17 (2021): 5771–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc04667a.

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We have developed a new post-synthetic approach, ligand-assisted solid phase synthesis (LASPS), to tune the optical properties of colloidal methylammonium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals with color-pure electroluminescence.

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Yang, Zhengqiang, Guanqun Cai, Craig L. Bull, Matthew G. Tucker, Martin T. Dove, Alexandra Friedrich, and Anthony E. Phillips. "Hydrogen-bond-mediated structural variation of metal guanidinium formate hybrid perovskites under pressure." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, no. 2149 (May 27, 2019): 20180227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0227.

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The hybrid perovskites are coordination frameworks with the same topology as the inorganic perovskites, but with properties driven by different chemistry, including host-framework hydrogen bonding. Like the inorganic perovskites, these materials exhibit many different phases, including structures with potentially exploitable functionality. However, their phase transformations under pressure are more complex and less well understood. We have studied the structures of manganese and cobalt guanidinium formate under pressure using single-crystal X-ray and powder neutron diffraction. Under pressure, these materials transform to a rhombohedral phase isostructural to cadmium guanidinium formate. This transformation accommodates the reduced cell volume while preserving the perovskite topology of the framework. Using density-functional theory calculations, we show that this behaviour is a consequence of the hydrogen-bonded network of guanidinium ions, which act as struts protecting the metal formate framework against compression within their plane. Our results demonstrate more generally that identifying suitable host–guest hydrogen-bonding geometries may provide a route to engineering hybrid perovskite phases with desirable crystal structures. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Mineralomimesis: natural and synthetic frameworks in science and technology’.

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Qi, Jinsong, Shixun Wang, Arsenii Portniagin, Stephen V. Kershaw, and Andrey L. Rogach. "Room Temperature Fabrication of Stable, Strongly Luminescent Dion–Jacobson Tin Bromide Perovskite Microcrystals Achieved through Use of Primary Alcohols." Nanomaterials 11, no. 10 (October 16, 2021): 2738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11102738.

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Lead-free two-dimensional metal halide perovskites have recently emerged as promising light-emitting materials due to their improved stability and attractive optical properties. Herein, a facile room temperature wet milling method has been developed to make Dion–Jacobson (DJ) phase ODASnBr4 perovskite microcrystals, whose crystallization was accomplished via the aid of introduced primary alcohols: ethanol, butanol, pentanol, and hexanol. Due to the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding, the use of ethanol promoted the formation of non-doped ODASnBr4 microcrystals, with an emission peaked at 599 nm and a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) of 81%. By introducing other primary alcohols with weaker intermolecular hydrogen bonding such as butanol, pentanol, and hexanol, [SnBr6]4− octahedral slabs of the DJ perovskite microcrystals experienced various degrees of expansion while forming O–H…Br hydrogen bonds. This resulted in the emission spectra of these alcohol-doped microcrystals to be adjusted in the range from 572 to 601 nm, while keeping the PL QY high, at around 89%. Our synthetic strategy provides a viable pathway towards strongly emitting lead-free DJ perovskite microcrystals with an improved stability.

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García-Ben, Javier, Jorge Salgado-Beceiro, Ignacio Delgado-Ferreiro, Pedro Dafonte-Rodríguez, Jorge López-Beceiro, Ramón Artiaga, Socorro Castro-García, Manuel Sánchez-Andújar, Juan Manuel Bermúdez-García, and María Antonia Señarís-Rodríguez. "Structural, Thermal and Functional Properties of a Hybrid Dicyanamide-Perovskite Solid Solution." Crystals 12, no. 6 (June 18, 2022): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12060860.

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In Solid-State Chemistry, a well-known route to obtain new compounds and modulate their properties is the formation of solid solutions, a strategy widely exploited in the case of classical inorganic perovskites but relatively unexplored among emergent hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs). In this work, to the best of our knowledge, we present the first dicyanamide-perovskite solid solution of [TPrA][Co0.5Ni0.5(dca)3] and study its thermal, dielectric and optical properties, comparing them with those of the parent undoped compounds [TPrA][Co(dca)3] and [TPrA][Ni(dca)3]. In addition, we show that the prepared doped compound can be used as a precursor that, by calcination, allows CNTs with embedded magnetic Ni:Co alloy nanoparticles to be obtained through a fast and much simpler synthetic route than other complex CVD or arc-discharge methods used to obtain this type of material.

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Sharma, Sumit Kumar, Swati Mamgain, Burhanuddin Attarwala, and Aswani Yella. "ZnX2 mediated post-synthetic transformation of zero dimensional Cs4PbBr6 nanocrystals for opto-electronic applications." Nanoscale Advances 1, no. 7 (2019): 2502–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9na00244h.

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Herein we demonstrate a facile approach for the synthesis of all inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystal composites CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) with high quantum yield by post-synthetic modulation of zero dimensional Cs₄PbBr₆ nanocrystals with ZnX₂ salts.

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Dunlap-Shohl, Wiley A., Yuanyuan Zhou, Nitin P. Padture, and David B. Mitzi. "Synthetic Approaches for Halide Perovskite Thin Films." Chemical Reviews 119, no. 5 (November 2, 2018): 3193–295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00318.

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Singh, Pallavi, Prem Jyoti Singh Rana, Pankul Dhingra, and Prasenjit Kar. "Towards toxicity removal in lead based perovskite solar cells by compositional gradient using manganese chloride." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 15 (2016): 3101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc00650g.

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We report synthetic steps towards a lead free manganese based perovskite MAPb_xMn_1–xI_1+2xCl_2–2x. Fabrication of a cell with an inverted planar architecture at low processing temperatures shows its potential application in future perovskite solar cells.

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Bhattacharyya, Sohini, Darsi Rambabu, and Tapas Kumar Maji. "Mechanochemical synthesis of a processable halide perovskite quantum dot–MOF composite by post-synthetic metalation." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 37 (2019): 21106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta05977f.

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Skurlov, Ivan D., Anastasiia V. Sokolova, Danila A. Tatarinov, Peter S. Parfenov, Danil A. Kurshanov, Azat O. Ismagilov, Aleksandra V. Koroleva, et al. "Engineering the Optical Properties of CsPbBr3 Nanoplatelets through Cd2+ Doping." Materials 15, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 7676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217676.

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Lead halide perovskite nanoplatelets (NPls) attract significant attention due to their exceptional and tunable optical properties. Doping is a versatile strategy for modifying and improving the optical properties of colloidal nanostructures. However, the protocols for B-site doping have been rarely reported for 2D perovskite NPls. In this work, we investigated the post-synthetic treatment of CsPbBr3 NPls with different Cd2+ sources. We show that the interplay between Cd2+ precursor, NPl concentrations, and ligands determines the kinetics of the doping process. Optimization of the treatment allows for the boosting of linear and nonlinear optical properties of CsPbBr3 NPls via doping or/and surface passivation. At a moderate doping level, both the photoluminescence quantum yield and two-photon absorption cross section increase dramatically. The developed protocols of post-synthetic treatment with Cd2+ facilitate further utilization of perovskite NPls in nonlinear optics, photonics, and lightning.

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Inaguma, Yoshiyuki, Ken Sugimoto, and Koichiro Ueda. "Synthesis of the perovskite-type oxyfluoride AgTiO2F: an approach adopting the HSAB principle." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 21 (2020): 6957–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt01518k.

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Safdari, Majid, Per H. Svensson, Minh Tam Hoang, Ilwhan Oh, Lars Kloo, and James M. Gardner. "Layered 2D alkyldiammonium lead iodide perovskites: synthesis, characterization, and use in solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 40 (2016): 15638–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta05055g.

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Chen, Hushui, Jie Chen, Liang Zhao, Tingshun Zhu, and Zhenyu Yang. "Electrochemical synthesis of colloidal lead- and bismuth-based perovskite nanocrystals." Chemical Communications 57, no. 87 (2021): 11553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc04327g.

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Black, Cameron, and Philip Lightfoot. "Crystal structure of guanidinium hexafluoridovanadate(III), (CN3H6)3[VF6]: an unusual hybrid compound related to perovskite." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 73, no. 3 (February 6, 2017): 244–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229617001711.

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Vanadium fluorides with novel crystal–chemical features and interesting physical properties can be prepared by solvothermal synthetic routes. The title compound, guanidinium hexafluoridovanadate(III), has a cubic structure (space group Pa\overline{3}), exhibiting isolated regular VF6 octahedral units, which are hydrogen bonded to protonated guanidinium moieties. Although the VF6 octahedral units are not linked directly together, there are structural similarities between this crystal structure and those of the wider family of perovskite materials, in particular, hybrid perovskites based on extended ligands such as cyanide. In this context, the octahedral tilt system of the present compound is of interest and demonstrates that unusual tilt systems can be mediated via `molecular' linkers which allow only supramolecular rather than covalent interactions.

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Soe, Chan Myae Myae, G. P. Nagabhushana, Radha Shivaramaiah, Hsinhan Tsai, Wanyi Nie, Jean-Christophe Blancon, Ferdinand Melkonyan, et al. "Structural and thermodynamic limits of layer thickness in 2D halide perovskites." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 1 (December 18, 2018): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1811006115.

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In the fast-evolving field of halide perovskite semiconductors, the 2D perovskites (A′)2(A)n−1MnX3n+1 [where A = Cs+, CH3NH3+, HC(NH2)2+; A′ = ammonium cation acting as spacer; M = Ge2+, Sn2+, Pb2+; and X = Cl−, Br−, I−] have recently made a critical entry. The n value defines the thickness of the 2D layers, which controls the optical and electronic properties. The 2D perovskites have demonstrated preliminary optoelectronic device lifetime superior to their 3D counterparts. They have also attracted fundamental interest as solution-processed quantum wells with structural and physical properties tunable via chemical composition, notably by the n value defining the perovskite layer thickness. The higher members (n > 5) have not been documented, and there are important scientific questions underlying fundamental limits for n. To develop and utilize these materials in technology, it is imperative to understand their thermodynamic stability, fundamental synthetic limitations, and the derived structure–function relationships. We report the effective synthesis of the highest iodide n-members yet, namely (CH3(CH2)2NH3)2(CH3NH3)5Pb6I19 (n = 6) and (CH3(CH2)2NH3)2(CH3NH3)6Pb7I22 (n = 7), and confirm the crystal structure with single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and provide indirect evidence for “(CH3(CH2)2NH3)2(CH3NH3)8Pb9I28” (“n = 9”). Direct HCl solution calorimetric measurements show the compounds with n > 7 have unfavorable enthalpies of formation (ΔHf), suggesting the formation of higher homologs to be challenging. Finally, we report preliminary n-dependent solar cell efficiency in the range of 9–12.6% in these higher n-members, highlighting the strong promise of these materials for high-performance devices.

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Lee, Su-Seung, Jae Il Kim, and Tae-Woo Lee. "Improvement of Photoluminescence Quantum Efficiency of Perovskite Nanocrystals Via Synthesis Using Silicone Oil." Journal of Flexible and Printed Electronics 1, no. 2 (December 2022): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56767/jfpe.2022.1.2.201.

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The size and photoluminescence quantum efficiency of FAPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals could be adjusted by adjusting the viscosity of the solvent and the reaction temperature. If toluene and silicone oil were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1, FAPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals can be synthesized at an elevated temperature of 50°C according to the ligand-assisted re-precipitation method. As a result, perovskite nanocrystals with optimal peak wavelength of 535 nm, full width at half maximum of 24.8 nm, and photoluminescence quantum efficiency of 87.5% were achieved. TEM analysis confirmed that the particle was an average size of 10 nm. This synthetic method provides a more convenient route to synthesize perovskite nanoparticles while avoiding aggregation of particles.

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Ramos, F. Javier, Kasparas Rakstys, Samrana Kazim, Michael Grätzel, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin, and Shahzada Ahmad. "Rational design of triazatruxene-based hole conductors for perovskite solar cells." RSC Advances 5, no. 66 (2015): 53426–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra06876b.

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McKenna, Barry, Abhinav Shivkumar, Bethan Charles, and Rachel C. Evans. "Synthetic factors affecting the stability of methylammonium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals." Nanoscale 12, no. 21 (2020): 11694–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr03227a.

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The stability and reproducibility of perovskite nanocrystals produced by ligand-assisted reprecipitation (LARP) is investigated. Significant differences in optical properties and morphology are seen depending on specific synthetic factors.

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Shellaiah, Muthaiah, and Kien Wen Sun. "Review on Sensing Applications of Perovskite Nanomaterials." Chemosensors 8, no. 3 (July 14, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors8030055.

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Recently, perovskite-based nanomaterials are utilized in diverse sustainable applications. Their unique structural characteristics allow researchers to explore functionalities towards diverse directions, such as solar cells, light emitting devices, transistors, sensors, etc. Many perovskite nanomaterial-based devices have been demonstrated with extraordinary sensing performance to various chemical and biological species in both solid and solution states. In particular, perovskite nanomaterials are capable of detecting small molecules such as O2, NO2, CO2, etc. This review elaborates the sensing applications of those perovskite materials with diverse cations, dopants and composites. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms and electron transport properties, which are important for understanding those sensor performances, will be discussed. Their synthetic tactics, structural information, modifications and real time sensing applications are provided to promote such perovskite nanomaterials-based molecular designs. Lastly, we summarize the perspectives and provide feasible guidelines for future developing of novel perovskite nanostructure-based chemo- and biosensors with real time demonstration.

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Ng, Chun Kiu, Chujie Wang, and Jacek J. Jasieniak. "Synthetic Evolution of Colloidal Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals." Langmuir 35, no. 36 (June 4, 2019): 11609–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00855.

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Takhellambam, Daimiota, Tinku Ram Meena, and Debrina Jana. "Room temperature synthesis of blue and green emitting CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals confined in mesoporous alumina film." Chemical Communications 55, no. 33 (2019): 4785–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc01040h.

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Navas, Daniel, Sandra Fuentes, Alejandro Castro-Alvarez, and Emigdio Chavez-Angel. "Review on Sol-Gel Synthesis of Perovskite and Oxide Nanomaterials." Gels 7, no. 4 (December 18, 2021): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7040275.

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Sol-Gel is a low cost, well-established and flexible synthetic route to produce a wide range of micro- and nanostructures. Small variations in pH, temperature, precursors, time, pressure, atmosphere, among others, can lead to a wide family of compounds that share the same molecular structures. In this work, we present a general review of the synthesis of LaMnO3, SrTiO3, BaTiO3 perovskites and zinc vanadium oxides nanostructures based on Sol-Gel method. We discuss how small changes in the parameters of the synthesis can modify the morphology, shape, size, homogeneity, aggregation, among others, of the products. We also discuss the different precursors, solvents, working temperature, reaction times used throughout the synthesis. In the last section, we present novel uses of Sol-Gel with organic materials with emphasis on carbon-based compounds. All with a perspective to improve the method for future applications in different technological fields.

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Gao, Ge, Qiaoyue Xi, Hua Zhou, Yongxia Zhao, Cunqi Wu, Lidan Wang, Pengran Guo, and Jingwei Xu. "Novel inorganic perovskite quantum dots for photocatalysis." Nanoscale 9, no. 33 (2017): 12032–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr04421f.

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Uniform CsPbX₃ quantum dots were synthesized via an emulsion fabrication and demulsion method at room temperature. The as-prepared CsPbX₃ QDs exhibit high synthetic yield and highly uniform morphology, as well as excellent photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of MO.

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Li, Zhenxing, Chengcheng Yu, Yangyang Wen, Zhiting Wei, Junmei Chu, Xiaofei Xing, Xin Zhang, Mingliang Hu, and Miao He. "MOF-Confined Sub-2 nm Stable CsPbX3 Perovskite Quantum Dots." Nanomaterials 9, no. 8 (August 10, 2019): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9081147.

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The metal halide with a perovskite structure has attracted significant attention due to its defect-tolerant photophysics and optoelectronic features. In particular, the all-inorganic metal halide perovskite quantum dots have potential for development in future applications. Sub-2 nm CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) perovskite quantum dots were successfully fabricated by a MOF-confined strategy with a facile and simple route. The highly uniform microporous structure of MOF effectively restricted the CsPbX3 quantum dots aggregation in a synthetic process and endowed the obtained sub-2 nm CsPbX3 quantum dots with well-dispersed and excellent stability in ambient air without a capping agent. The photoluminescence emission spectra and lifetimes were not decayed after 60 days. The CsPbX3 quantum dots maintained size distribution stability in the air without any treatment. Because of the quantum confinement effect of CsPbX3 quantum dots, the absorption and photoluminescence (PL) emission peak were blue shifted to shorter wavelengths compare with bulk materials. Furthermore, this synthetic strategy provides a novel method in fabricating ultra-small photoluminescence quantum dots.

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Kim, Jinyoung, Nguyen The Manh, Huynh Tan Thai, Soon-Ki Jeong, Young-Woo Lee, Younghyun Cho, Wook Ahn, Yura Choi, and Namchul Cho. "Improving the Stability of Ball-Milled Lead Halide Perovskites via Ethanol/Water-Induced Phase Transition." Nanomaterials 12, no. 6 (March 10, 2022): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12060920.

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Recently, lead halide perovskite nanocrystals have been considered as potential light-emitting materials because of their narrow full width at half-maximum (FWHM) and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). In addition, they have various emission spectra because the bandgap can be easily tuned by changing the size of the nanocrystals and their chemical composition. However, these perovskite materials have poor long-term stability due to their sensitivity to moisture. Thus far, various approaches have been attempted to enhance the stability of the perovskite nanocrystals. However, the required level of stability in the mass production process of perovskite nanocrystals under ambient conditions has not been secured. In this work, we developed a facile two-step ball-milling and ethanol/water-induced phase transition method to synthesize stable CsPbBr3 perovskite materials. We obtained pure CsPbBr3 perovskite solutions with stability retention of 86% for 30 days under ambient conditions. Our materials show a high PLQY of 35% in solid films, and excellent thermal stability up to 80 °C. We believe that our new synthetic method could be applicable for the mass production of light-emitting perovskite materials.

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Zhang, Xinhua, Anjie Liu, Yali Cao, Jing Xie, Wei Jia, and Dianzeng Jia. "Interstitial N-doped SrSnO3 perovskite: structural design, modification and photocatalytic degradation of dyes." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 27 (2019): 10965–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj02087j.

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An easy-to-manipulate, two-step, solid-state synthetic method was adopted to incorporate N element into the SrSnO₃ perovskite for structural modification, which improved its photocatalytic performance.

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36

Rakstys, Kasparas, Sanghyun Paek, Muhammad Sohail, Peng Gao, Kyung Taek Cho, Paul Gratia, Yonghui Lee, Klaus H. Dahmen, and Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin. "A highly hindered bithiophene-functionalized dispiro-oxepine derivative as an efficient hole transporting material for perovskite solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 47 (2016): 18259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta09028a.

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Dimethoxydiphenylamine-substituted dispiro-oxepine derivative DDOF has been synthesized using a facile synthetic route and tested in perovskite solar cells as a hole transporting material exhibiting a remarkable PCE of 19.4%.

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Aftabuzzaman, M., Chunyuan Lu, and Hwan Kyu Kim. "Recent progress on nanostructured carbon-based counter/back electrodes for high-performance dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells." Nanoscale 12, no. 34 (2020): 17590–648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr04112b.

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This paper review the recent progress of carbon-based materials as counter electrode or back electrode in dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells considering their synthetic approaches, modification, and structure-function relationship.

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Popovic, Janko, Lorenz Lindenthal, Raffael Rameshan, Thomas Ruh, Andreas Nenning, Stefan Löffler, Alexander Karl Opitz, and Christoph Rameshan. "High Temperature Water Gas Shift Reactivity of Novel Perovskite Catalysts." Catalysts 10, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10050582.

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High temperature water-gas shift (HT-WGS) is an industrially highly relevant reaction. Moreover, climate change and the resulting necessary search for sustainable energy sources are making WGS and reverse-WGS catalytic key reactions for synthetic fuel production. Hence, extensive research has been done to develop improved or novel catalysts. An extremely promising material class for novel highly active HT-WGS catalysts with superior thermal stability are perovskite-type oxides. With their large compositional flexibility, they enable new options for rational catalyst design. Particularly, both cation sites (A and B in ABO3) can be doped with promoters or catalytically active elements. Additionally, B-site dopants are able to migrate to the surface under reducing conditions (a process called exsolution), forming catalytically active nanoparticles and creating an interface that can strongly boost catalytic performance. In this study, we varied A-site composition and B-site doping (Ni, Co), thus comparing six novel perovskites and testing them for their HT-WGS activity: La0.9Ca0.1FeO3-δ, La0.6Ca0.4FeO3-δ, Nd0.9Ca0.1FeO3-δ, Nd0.6Ca0.4FeO3-δ, Nd0.6Ca0.4Fe0.9Ni0.1O3-δ and Nd0.6Ca0.4Fe0.9Co0.1O3-δ. Cobalt and Nickel doping resulted in the highest activity observed in our study, highlighting that doped perovskites are promising novel HT-WGS catalysts. The effect of the compositional variations is discussed considering the kinetics of the two partial reactions of WGS-CO oxidation and water splitting.

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Sun, Yifei, Michele Kotiuga, Dawgen Lim, Badri Narayanan, Mathew Cherukara, Zhen Zhang, Yongqi Dong, et al. "Strongly correlated perovskite lithium ion shuttles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 39 (August 13, 2018): 9672–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805029115.

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Solid-state ion shuttles are of broad interest in electrochemical devices, nonvolatile memory, neuromorphic computing, and biomimicry utilizing synthetic membranes. Traditional design approaches are primarily based on substitutional doping of dissimilar valent cations in a solid lattice, which has inherent limits on dopant concentration and thereby ionic conductivity. Here, we demonstrate perovskite nickelates as Li-ion shuttles with simultaneous suppression of electronic transport via Mott transition. Electrochemically lithiated SmNiO3 (Li-SNO) contains a large amount of mobile Li+ located in interstitial sites of the perovskite approaching one dopant ion per unit cell. A significant lattice expansion associated with interstitial doping allows for fast Li+ conduction with reduced activation energy. We further present a generalization of this approach with results on other rare-earth perovskite nickelates as well as dopants such as Na+. The results highlight the potential of quantum materials and emergent physics in design of ion conductors.

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40

Mehmood, Rashid, Muhammad Adnan, Muhammad Waseem Imtiaz, Muhammad Shahid, Muddassar Mehboob, Anam Shareef, Atifa Irshad, Shahid Iqbal, and Zain Ul Abideen. "Mechanism and Role of Nanotechnology in Photovoltaic Cells and Applications in Different Industrial Sectors." Scholars Bulletin 8, no. 10 (November 20, 2022): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sb.2022.v08i10.001.

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Nanotechnology is widely used for the manufacturing of photovoltaic (PV) solar cells. Applications of solar technology are based in two forms; lithium-ion and lead-acid. These cells and batteries have the capacity to store a large amount of energy longer than other ordinary batteries. The mechanism for manufacturing solar cells usually arises from the combinations of layers of single-molecule thick sheets of graphene and molybdenum diselenide. In this fact, one of common example is the fine coating of graphene with zinc oxide nanowires. Solar based cells are incorporated into the modified forms for increasing their synthetic applications. These modified forms are copper indium selenide sulfide quantum dots. Perovskite solar cells are dominating in the scientific community due to their advantages and cheap sources of solar energy. These perovskite solar cells are also composed of different metals and other combinations in order to make them functional for different purposes. The most widely implemented metals are germanium, antimony, titanium and barium. Tin (Sn)-based perovskites allow the movement of ions and electrons and significantly in the surrounding environment. There is also need in the future for valuable and mechanical designing for nanotechnolgy and their usage in industrial and commercial applications.

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Sakamaki, Aoi, Hitoshi Ogihara, Miru Yoshida-Hirahara, and Hideki Kurokawa. "Precursor accumulation on nanocarbons for the synthesis of LaCoO3 nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction." RSC Advances 11, no. 33 (2021): 20313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03762e.

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A simple synthetic process for LaCoO₃ nanoparticles based on the accumulation of precursors on nanocarbon supports was presented. The LaCoO₃ nanoparticles showed excellent OER activity owing to their high surface area and perovskite structure.

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42

Ming, Hong, Lili Liu, Shengan He, Jiaqing Peng, Fu Du, Junxiang Fu, Fengli Yang, and Xinyu Ye. "An ultra-high yield of spherical K2NaScF6:Mn4+ red phosphor and its application in ultra-wide color gamut liquid crystal displays." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 24 (2019): 7237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02295c.

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A novel Mn⁴⁺-doped double-perovskite red phosphor K₂NaScF₆:Mn⁴⁺ with ultra-high synthetic yield and uniform spherical morphology was developed for ultra-wide color gamut LCDs.

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Wang, Chenhui, Junhu Cai, Yuanyuan Ye, Xinpei Hu, Lijuan Zhong, Hongxing Xie, Enguo Chen, et al. "Full-visible-spectrum perovskite quantum dots by anion exchange resin assisted synthesis." Nanophotonics 11, no. 7 (February 18, 2022): 1355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0768.

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Abstract Photoelectric properties of all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots (IPQDs) highly depend on their synthetic route. However, current synthetic processes of IPQDs are widely facing potential unsustainable issues of containing nonreusable and high-cost auxiliary materials. In this work, full-visible-spectrum IPQDs were successfully synthesized by an environmentally friendly ion-exchange approach with a renewable and low-cost anion exchange resin. Introducing anion exchange resin brings the improvement of both optical performance and surface morphology of the prepared IPQDs. The emission wavelength of IPQDs can be precisely controlled without changing their inherent crystal phase, and those IPQD’s single crystals with poor morphology and unstable structure are selectively removed. The photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and the fluorescence lifetime of the three-primary-color IPQDs can be dramatically improved to 93.69, 89.99, and 65.03% and 71.3 ns, 22.2 ns, and 13.2 ns, respectively. Notably, the red-emitting PQDs at 622 nm exhibit a record high PLQY. By using the prepared IPQDs for photoluminescent color conversion, the three-primary-color light-emitting diodes (LEDs) provided high brightness and wide color gamut simultaneously. This study provides new ideas for the environmentally friendly and sustainable synthesis route of IPQDs, and it is expected to show great ambitions in the display field.

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Zhou, Yu, Sisi Yang, Xuewen Yin, Jianhua Han, Meiqian Tai, Xingyue Zhao, Hui Chen, Youchen Gu, Ning Wang, and Hong Lin. "Enhancing electron transport via graphene quantum dot/SnO2 composites for efficient and durable flexible perovskite photovoltaics." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 4 (2019): 1878–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta10168j.

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Low-temperature processed GQDs and SnO₂ nanoparticles composites (G@SnO₂) have been prepared through a facile synthetic path. Facilitated electron transfer and suppressed interfacial charge recombination enable flexible perovskite solar cells with superb efficiency and excellent durability.

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Krayzman, Victor, and Igor Levin. "Determination ofB-cation chemical short-range order in perovskites from the total pair-distribution function." Journal of Applied Crystallography 41, no. 2 (March 8, 2008): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889807067131.

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Short-rangeB-cation order affects the functional properties of many complex perovskites. However, current ability to measure the characteristics of such chemical short-range order (SRO) in perovskite-structured ceramics is limited. In the present study, two distinct methods are compared for the determination of theB-cation SRO parameters from the total scattering pair-distribution function (PDF). Both methods rely on reverse Monte Carlo refinements of the structural models but differ in the procedures used to extract the SRO characteristics. The accuracy of these methods was tested using synthetic PDF data generated for models of prototype Ca(Zr,Ti)O3solid solutions. One of the approaches developed in the present study, which proved to yield the most accurate results, was used to analyze the SRO of Ti and Zr in powder samples of Ca(Zr,Ti)O3.

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Cho, Seung-Bum, Jin-Woo Jung, Yoon Seok Kim, Chang-Hee Cho, and Il-Kyu Park. "Emission wavelength control of CsPb(Br1−xClx)3 nanocrystals for blue light-emitting diode applications." CrystEngComm 23, no. 14 (2021): 2746–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ce00132a.

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A facile synthetic method of CsPb(Br_1−xCl_x)₃ halide perovskite nanocrystals, which emit light with the wavelengths ranging from green to blue based on an anion exchanging reaction using a halide exchange additive was reported.

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Leite, Marina M., and Flavio M. Vichi. "Influence of synthesis route on the morphology of SrTiO3 particles." MRS Proceedings 1552 (2013): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.967.

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ABSTRACTThe cubic perovskite SrTiO3 is an important semiconductor oxide with a band gap of 3.2 eV. It has a wide variety of applications such as: dielectric materials, photoluminescent devices, and in photocatalysis. It is conventionally obtained by the classic solid state synthesis (SS), in which TiO2 and SrCO3 react for several hours at temperatures as high as 1200 °C. Besides the high energy demand, SS is not useful for the control of physical characteristics, such as particle size and morphology, which has become essential for some of its applications. It is known that many soft and green routes can produce SrTiO3. Among them, the hydrothermal (HT) and sol-precipitation (SP) methods, as well as the molten salt synthesis (MS) are interesting not only due to their low cost and energy use, but also because of the possibility of particle size and shape control. This study compares the size and morphology of the SrTiO3 particles obtained by these three synthetic pathways. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to compare particle size and morphology, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to confirm the perovskite formation as well as to determine the Scherrer’s particle size.

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Zhang, Ruohu, Junfeng Qu, Zizi Chen, Chunlei Wang, and Shuhong Xu. "Kinetic progress in post-synthetic doping of 2D perovskite nanoplatelets." Applied Physics Express 14, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 051007. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1882-0786/abf668.

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Toda, Kenji, Saori Tokuoka, Kazuyoshi Uematsu, and Mineo Sato. "New Synthetic Route of Perovskite Material in the Test Tube." Key Engineering Materials 214-215 (July 2001): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.214-215.67.

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Yuan, Zhao, Yu Shu, Yu Tian, Yan Xin, and Biwu Ma. "A facile one-pot synthesis of deep blue luminescent lead bromide perovskite microdisks." Chemical Communications 51, no. 91 (2015): 16385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc06750b.

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We report a facile one-pot synthetic method to prepare highly luminescent layered lead(ii) bromide perovskite microdisks with the lateral size of a few micrometers and thickness of 100–150 nm, featuring narrow deep blue emissions with quantum yields of up to 53% in toluene solutions and thin films at room temperature.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Synthetic perovskite'

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