Journal articles on the topic 'Synthetic chord'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Synthetic chord.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Synthetic chord.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Lin, C. Y., and F. B. Hsiao. "Experimental Study of Flow Separation over NACA633018 Wing with Synthetic Jet Control at Low Reynolds Numbers." Journal of Mechanics 29, no. 1 (October 16, 2012): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2012.120.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper experimentally studies flow separation and aerodynamic performance of a NACA633018 wing using a series of piezoelectric-driven disks, which are located at 12% chord length from the leading edge to generate a spanwise-distributed synthetic jets to excite the passing flow. The experiment is conducted in an open-type wind tunnel with Reynolds numbers (Re) of 8 × 104 and 1.2 × 105, respectively, based on the wing chord. The oscillations of the synthetic jet actuators (SJAs) disturb the neighboring passage flow on the upper surface of the wing before the laminar separation takes place. The disturbances of energy influence the downstream development of boundary layers to eliminate or reduce the separation bubble on the upper surface of the wing. Significant lift increase and drag decrease are found at the tested Reynolds number of 8 × 104 due to the actuators excitation. Furthermore, the effect of drag also reduces dominant with increasing Reynolds number, but the increase on lift is reduced with the Reynolds number increased.
2
Perju, Veaceslav. "SYSTEMS FOR INVARIANT TARGET RECOGNITION BASEDON CENTRAL IMAGE CHORD TRANSFORMATION." Journal of Engineering Science 29, no. 1 (March 2022): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2022.29(1).06.
Full textAbstract:
Target recognition (TR) is widely used in different military and civil applications and permits enhanced intelligence and autonomously operating platforms design. The article describes existing systems for TR such as deep learning aided computer vision; target tracking architecture, based on the tracking-by-detection paradigm; a target detection dataset; deep neural networks; a system for the management of a plurality of sensors; a target recognition architecture, adaptive to operational conditions and a target detection system, based on the theory of multi-temporal recognition. Unfortunately, the existing systems do not orient for real-time processing or can be applied for synthetic aperture radar images only, or used for image processing of soft targets, etc. This article presents the data regarding proposed new systems for targets recognition and determination of their parameters, based on central image chord transformation. The systems’ main processing units are described. The structures of the elaborated systems and the principles of their functioning are presented. The models of data processing flow in the systems are described. The determination of the processing time of the operations, realized in the systems was made and the estimation of the throughput of the systems was done. The optimization of the elaborated systems was made. The results regarding systems’ characteristics are presented.
3
KOTAPATI, RUPESH B., RAJAT MITTAL, OLAF MARXEN, FRANK HAM, DONGHYUN YOU, and LOUIS N. CATTAFESTA. "Nonlinear dynamics and synthetic-jet-based control of a canonical separated flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 654 (May 11, 2010): 65–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211201000042x.
Full textAbstract:
A novel flow configuration devised for investigation of active control of separated airfoil flows using synthetic jets is presented. The configuration consists of a flat plate, with an elliptic leading edge and a blunt trailing edge, at zero incidence in a free stream. Flow separation is induced on the upper surface of the airfoil at the aft-chord location by applying suction and blowing on the top boundary of the computational domain. Typical separated airfoil flows are generally characterized by at least three distinct frequency scales corresponding to the shear layer instability, the unsteadiness of the separated region and the vortex shedding in the wake, and all these features are present in the current flow. Two-dimensional Navier–Stokes simulations of this flow at a chord Reynolds number of 6 × 104 have been carried out to examine the nonlinear dynamics in this flow and its implications for synthetic-jet-based separation control. The results show that there is a strong nonlinear coupling between the various features of the flow, and that the uncontrolled as well as the forced flow is characterized by a variety of ‘lock-on’ states that result from this nonlinear coupling. The most effective separation control is found to occur at the highest forcing frequency for which both the shear layer and the separated region lock on to the forcing frequency. The effects of the Reynolds number on the scaling of the characteristic frequencies of the separated flow and its subsequent control are studied by repeating some of the simulations at a higher Reynolds number of 1 × 105.
4
Singh, Deepak Kumar, Anuj Jain, and Akshoy Ranjan Paul. "Active Flow Control over a NACA23012 Airfoil using Hybrid Jet." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 6 (October 22, 2021): 721–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.16468.
Full textAbstract:
A time-dependent numerical simulation is performed to examine the flow separation control with the action of a hybrid jet (the combination of synthetic and continuous jets) over a NACA23012 airfoil. The unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) simulation is performed with Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model to simulate the flow field around the airfoil to analyse the effect of the hybrid jet. A combined jet is placed at the point of flow separation on the upper surface of the airfoil which is located at the 12% of the chord length from the leading edge of the airfoil for a given flow configuration. Flow simulations are performed at a chord-based Reynolds number of 2.19 × 106 for the hybrid jet oscillating frequency of 0.159 at a blowing ratio of 3.0. The contribution of the continuous jet in the hybrid jet is evident by the flow control. Variation in the continuous jet velocity is studied, which improved the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil. The maximum improvement in lift to drag ratio is observed from 11.19 to 22.14 at an angle of attack of 22 degree. The stall angle also shows an enhancement from 18 degree to 20 degree.
5
Bozinoski, Radoslav, and Roger L. Davis. "A DES Procedure Applied to a Wall-Mounted Hump." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/149461.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes a detached-eddy simulation (DES) for the flow over a wall-mounted hump. The Reynolds number based on the hump chord isRec=9.36×105with an in-let Mach number of 0.1. Solutions of the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) procedure are obtained using the Wilcoxk−ωequations. The DES results are obtained using the model presented by Bush and Mani and are compared with RANS solutions and experimental data from NASA's 2004 Computational Fluid Dynamics Validation on Synthetic Jets and Turbulent Separation Control Workshop. The DES procedure exhibited a three-dimensional flow structure in the wake, with a 13.65% shorter mean separation region compared to RANS and a mean reattachment length that is in good agreement with experimental measurements. DES predictions of the pressure coefficient in the separation region also exhibit good agreement with experiment and are more accurate than RANS predictions.
6
Srinath, R., R. Mukesh, Manish C. Poojari, Inamul Hasan, and Wubetu Amare Alebachew. "Streamline Effect Improvement of Additive Manufactured Airfoil Utilizing Dynamic Stream Control Procedure." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (September 17, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1252681.
Full textAbstract:
In the era of fast transport, to create inventive stream flow management solutions that are capable of diminishing the aerodynamic drag of the vehicles, there is a need to modify the flow characteristics over the vehicle by deferring or expelling the position of the flow partition. The objective of this study involves the parameterized design of an airfoil utilizing the Bezier curve technique with the assistance of the simulation program. For flow regulations, synthetic jet modules are ingrained at different percentages of the chord to manage the stall characteristics. The parametrization system, combined with the stream control method, can give a much better insight into flow re-energization and pave some way for the reduction of the wake. Digital fabrication technique (3d printing or Rapid Prototyping method) is used to fabricate the end product for aerodynamic testing. The comparative outcome showed a reduction in drag at certain angles of attack due to the surface finish obtained. By comparing the results, the aerodynamic efficiency showed a significant rise of 13.05% at lower angles of attack when compressed gas was used in the synthetic jet closer to the frontier edge of the airfoil. Near the stall angle of attack, the coefficient of lift (Cl) and coefficient of drag (Cd) values showed no progress.
7
Al-Am, Jean, Vincent Clair, Alexis Giauque, Jérôme Boudet, and Fernando Gea-Aguilera. "A Parametric Study on the LES Numerical Setup to Investigate Fan/OGV Broadband Noise." International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 6, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp6020012.
Full textAbstract:
In the present paper, large eddy simulations are performed to study two different mechanisms of Fan/OGV broadband noise: airfoil self-noise and turbulence interaction noise. Firstly, the current study focuses on the prediction of airfoil self-noise from a thin plate with a sharp trailing edge and a chord-based Reynolds number of the order of 106. The boundary layer is tripped to trigger transition to turbulence, and a parameter study is performed to study the influence of the near-wall modeling, grid topology and refinement in the near-wall and wake regions, the spanwise domain extent, and the tripping method. Empirical and analytical models, as well as available DNS data are used for validation purposes. Secondly, the interaction noise from a thin plate impinged by an incoming synthetic turbulent flow is studied. For both cases, far-field acoustic spectra are compared to Amiet’s models for leading and trailing edge noise showing a good agreement.
8
van Oudheusden, B. W., E. W. F. Casimiri, and F. Scarano. "Aerodynamic load characterisation of a low speed aerofoil using particle image velocimetry." Aeronautical Journal 112, no. 1130 (April 2008): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000192400000213x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractParticle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements of the flow around a wing section are employed as a basis for non-intrusive aerodynamic mean loads characterisation, providing sectional lift, drag and pitching moment. The technique relies upon the application of control-volume approaches in combination with the deduction of the pressure from the PIV experimental data through application of the momentum equation. The treatment can also be applied when the flow is unsteady; in that case time-mean loads are obtained from velocity statistics, through the use of Reynolds-averaged formulation of the governing equations. The procedure was applied in the experimental investigation of a NACA 642A015 aerofoil, in which the PIV approach is validated against standard pressure-based methods (surface pressure distribution and wake rake). The chord Reynolds number considered in the investigation ranges between 1 – 7 × 105. In addition, the consistency and potential performance of the method was assessed by means of synthetic velocity field data obtained from a numerical flow simulation.
9
SAHNI, ONKAR, JOSHUA WOOD, KENNETH E. JANSEN, and MICHAEL AMITAY. "Three-dimensional interactions between a finite-span synthetic jet and a crossflow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 671 (February 9, 2011): 254–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112010005604.
Full textAbstract:
A complementary experimental and numerical investigation was performed to study the three-dimensional flow structures and interactions of a finite-span synthetic jet in a crossflow at a chord-based Reynolds number of 100,000 and a 0° angle of attack. Six blowing ratios in the range of 0.2–1.2 were considered. Experiments were conducted on a finite wing with a cross-sectional profile of NACA 4421, where particle-image velocimetry data were collected at the centre jet. To complement the experiments, three-dimensional numerical simulations were performed, where the numerical set-up matched not only the physical parameters (e.g. free stream) but also the physical dimensions (e.g. orientation and location of the jet. For the low blowing ratio cases, spatial non-uniformities developed, due to the finite span of the slit, which led to the formation of small and organized secondary structures or a streak-like pattern in the mean flow. On the other hand, for the high blowing ratio range, turbulent vortical structures were dominant, leading to larger spanwise structures, with a larger spanwise wavelength. Moreover, the phase-locked flow fields exhibited a train of counter-rotating coherent vortices that lifted off the surface as they advected downstream. In the mid-blowing ratio range, combined features of the low range (near the slit) and high range (in downstream locations) were found, where a pair of counter-rotating vortices issued in the same jet cycle collided with each other. In all cases, the spanwise extent of the secondary coherent structures reduced with downstream distance with a larger decrease at higher blowing ratios. Similar observations were made in earlier studies on finite-span synthetic jets in quiescent conditions.
10
Chen, J., D. L. Brower, and T. Benedett. "Faraday-effect polarimetry for current profile measurement in the tokamak plasma edge." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 083515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0101550.
Full textAbstract:
Toroidal current profile measurements in the tokamak plasma edge are critical for fusion plasma physics research and model validation. A three-wave Faraday-effect polarimeter-interferometer with a sub-centimeter spatial resolution is proposed on the DIII-D tokamak to determine the edge current profile via Abel inversion. By using probe beams with 316 µm wavelength, a low-field-side, vertical-view, single-pass optical layout covering the plasma edge region (R = 2.15–2.27 m) is assessed. Measurements with no greater than 0.1° polarimetric systematic uncertainty, no greater than 0.01° polarimetric root-mean-square noise (1 kHz bandwidth), and a 0.8 cm radial chord spacing are considered feasible based on the achieved performance of existing systems using similar wavelengths on fusion devices. Synthetic diagnostic calculations taking various factors into account, such as diagnostic uncertainty and quality of magnetic flux surfaces, find that the edge current profile can be determined with up to 0.12 MA/m2 uncertainty, or about 10% of the peak current density in the pedestal of an investigated high-confinement plasma.
11
Gilarranz, J. L., L. W. Traub, and O. K. Rediniotis. "A New Class of Synthetic Jet Actuators—Part I: Design, Fabrication and Bench Top Characterization." Journal of Fluids Engineering 127, no. 2 (March 1, 2005): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1839931.
Full textAbstract:
Although the potential of synthetic jets as flow separation control actuators has been demonstrated in the existing literature, there is a large gap between the synthetic jet actuators (SJA) used in laboratory demonstrations and the SJAs needed in realistic, full-scale applications, in terms of compactness, weight, efficiency, control authority and power density. In most cases, the SJAs used in demonstrations are either too large or too weak for realistic applications. In this work, we present the development of a new class of high-power synthetic jet actuators for realistic flow control applications. The operating principle of the actuator is the same as that of crankshaft driven piston engines, which makes a significant part of the technology necessary for the actuator development available off-the-shelf. The design of the actuator is modular and scalable. Several “building block” units can be stacked in series to create the actuator of the desired size. Moreover, active exit slot reconfiguration, in the form of variable exit slot width, decouples the actuator frequency from the actuator jet momentum coefficient and allows the user to set the two independently (within limits). Part I of this paper presents the design, fabrication and bench top characterization of the actuator. Several versions of the actuator were designed, built and tested, leading up to the development of a six-piston compact actuator that has a maximum power consumption of 1200 W (1.6 hp) and can produce (for the tested conditions) peak exit velocities as high as 124 m/s. In Part II, the actuator was housed in the interior of a NACA0015 profiled wing with a chord of 0.375 m (14.75 inches). The assembly’s performance in controlling flow separation was studied in the wind tunnel.
12
Gilarranz, J. L., L. W. Traub, and O. K. Rediniotis. "A New Class of Synthetic Jet Actuators—Part II: Application to Flow Separation Control." Journal of Fluids Engineering 127, no. 2 (March 1, 2005): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1882393.
Full textAbstract:
In this work we present the application of the new synthetic jet actuator (SJA) to flow separation control over a NACA 0015 wing. The actuator is compact enough to fit in the interior of the wing that has a chord of 0.375 m. The wing was tested in the Texas A&M University Aerospace Engineering 3 ft×4 ft wind tunnel. An experimental investigation into the effects of the synthetic jet actuator on the performance of the wing is described. Emphasis is placed on the capabilities of the actuator to control the separation of the flow over the wing at high angles of attack. The results include force balance measurements, on surface and off surface flow visualization, surface pressure measurements, and wake surveys. All of the reported tests were performed at a free-stream velocity of 35 m/s, corresponding to a Reynolds number of 8.96×105. The angle of attack was varied from −2.0 deg to 29.0 deg. For the results presented, at angles of attack lower than 10 deg, the actuator has minimal effects. At higher angles of attack, the SJA delays the onset of stall. The use of the actuator causes an 80% increase in the maximum lift coefficient, while the angle at which stall occurs is increased from 12 to 18 deg. The drag on the wing is decreased as a consequence of SJA actuation. For angles of attack larger than 18 deg, where the wing experiences massive separation, the SJA still provides a moderate amount of lift augmentation compared to the unforced case. At angles of attack larger than 25°, a larger frequency of actuation is required to produce significant effects.
13
Liu, Yong, Hailin Zhao, Tianfu Zhou, Xiang Liu, Zeying Zhu, Xiang Han, Stefan Schmuck, et al. "Overview of the ECE measurements on EAST." EPJ Web of Conferences 203 (2019): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920303008.
Full textAbstract:
Radiometer systems and a Michelson interferometer, have been operated routinely to detect the elec-tron cyclotron emission (ECE) from EAST plasmas for diagnosing the local electron temperature. A common quasi-optical antenna placed inside the vacuum vessel is employed to collect and focus the plasma emission, and the line of sight is along a radial chord. All of the systems are located in a diagnostic room where the plasma emission is transmitted by overmoded corrugated waveguide. In-situ absolute intensity calibration has been carried out for both the radiometer systems and the Michelson interferometer independently, to ensure that the ECE diagnostic provides an independent electron temperature measurement. In order to diagnose the small-amplitude electron temperature fluctuation, a correlation ECE (CECE) diagnostic has been designed and commissioned recently. The CECE diagnostic employs an independent antenna system which has improved poloidal resolution. A synthetic diagnostic is realized by using the simulation code SPECE to interpret the ECE data in plasmas with non-Maxwellian distribution, and preliminary results imply that the ECE data could be still useful as a localized measurement in plasmas with non-thermal electrons, such as the LHW-heated plasmas on EAST.
14
Dickinson, M. H., and K. G. Gotz. "UNSTEADY AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF MODEL WINGS AT LOW REYNOLDS NUMBERS." Journal of Experimental Biology 174, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.174.1.45.
Full textAbstract:
The synthesis of a comprehensive theory of force production in insect flight is hindered in part by the lack of precise knowledge of unsteady forces produced by wings. Data are especially sparse in the intermediate Reynolds number regime (10<Re<1000) appropriate for the flight of small insects. This paper attempts to fill this deficit by quantifying the time-dependence of aerodynamic forces for a simple yet important motion, rapid acceleration from rest to a constant velocity at a fixed angle of attack. The study couples the measurement of lift and drag on a two-dimensional model with simultaneous flow visualization. The results of these experiments are summarized below. 1. At angles of attack below 13.5°, there was virtually no evidence of a delay in the generation of lift, in contrast to similar studies made at higher Reynolds numbers. 2. At angles of attack above 13.5°, impulsive movement resulted in the production of a leading edge vortex that stayed attached to the wing for the first 2 chord lengths of travel, resulting in an 80 % increase in lift compared to the performance measured 5 chord lengths later. It is argued that this increase is due to the process of detached vortex lift, analogous to the method of force production in delta-wing aircraft. 3. As the initial leading edge vortex is shed from the wing, a second vortex of opposite vorticity develops from the trailing edge of the wing, correlating with a decrease in lift production. This pattern of alternating leading and trailing edge vortices generates a von Karman street, which is stable for at least 7.5 chord lengths of travel. 4. Throughout the first 7.5 chords of travel the model wing exhibits a broad lift plateau at angles of attack up to 54°, which is not significantly altered by the addition of wing camber or surface projections. 5. Taken together, these results indicate how the unsteady process of vortex generation at large angles of attack might contribute to the production of aerodynamic forces in insect flight. Because the fly wing typically moves only 2–4 chord lengths each half-stroke, the complex dynamic behavior of impulsively started wing profiles is more appropriate for models of insect flight than are steady-state approximations.
15
Carvalho, Silvia Cristina De Sousa. "QUANDO O CORPO CALA E A ALMA CHORA: A FORMAÇÃO SOCIAL BRASILEIRA E A SUA CONTRIBUIÇÃO NO GENOCÍDIO DA JUVENTUDE “NEGRA” EM SÃO GONÇALO (RJ)." (SYN)THESIS 9, no. 2 (October 22, 2019): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/synthesis.2016.46029.
Full textAbstract:
O presente artigo versa sobre questões que foram suscitadas a partir da inserção no mestrado acadêmico. Sintetizamos o que foi construído no processo de apreensão dos pilares da invenção de uma ideia de superioridade nas relações humanas com o fim de dominação por meio da exploração do trabalho compulsório. Tal exploração do trabalho acaba por se desdobrar na contribuição do que reconhecemos como genocídio de grupos étnico-raciais considerados inferiores por essa construção social. Identificamos nesta uma forma violenta de dominação fetichizada pelo discurso de progresso da colonização europeia em relação à África e que se materializa nas Américas a partir do século XV. Assim, tratamos da invenção do “negro” na formação social brasileira e suas marcas na contemporaneidade as quais se desdobram na conclusão da pesquisa sobre o alto índice de mortes da juventude “negra” no território de São Gonçalo.
16
Zhou, Chao, Cheng Hui Gao, Jie Chen, and Lian Feng Lai. "Synthesis and Simplification of Fractal Profile." Advanced Materials Research 279 (July 2011): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.279.262.
Full textAbstract:
In order to import a synthesized fractal profile into finite element software, the profile synthesized by discrete Fourier transform was studied. The synthesized profile was filtered in frequency domain in order to filter its high frequency components and to make it smooth, and then the chord deviation algorithm was used to reduce its redundant data in space domain. It was found that: after filtering, the profile is smooth but with lots of redundant data; the chord deviation algorithm can simplify the profile which is redundant in space domain; the time needed in the process of importing a profile into finite element software can be reduced greatly after profile simplification.
17
Voskoboinikov, Yakov. "George Gershwin’s jazz transcriptions in piano performance of academic tradition." Aspects of Historical Musicology 19, no. 19 (February 7, 2020): 429–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-19.25.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Today, jazz transcriptions of works by George Gershwin can be heard around the world. Works such as “The Man I Love”, “I Got Rhythm”, “Summertime”, “Liza”, “Fascinating Rhythm”, “Somebody Loves Me”, “Swanee”, included in the collection “Gershwin songs”, and also “Seven virtuoso etudes on the themes of G. Gershwin” by E. Wilde are performed by modern academic musicians. Thus, widely known performance versions of piano transcriptions “Gershwin songs” by M.-A. Hamelin, the song “The Man I Love” performed by A. Tharaud, P. Barton, and others famous performers. The evidence of growing interest of classical performers in the music of the American composer is the successful holding of the IV G. Gershvin International Music Competition in New York (on November 7–10, 2019). Director and main organizer of the competition, Michael Bulychev-Okser, is the American pianist, the main winner of many international competitions in the United States, Italy, Andorra, Spain and Mexico. How does a musician of academic direction, whose inner professional intentions and way of thinking are brought up on the classical repertoire, perceive Gershwin’s jazz compositions? What is the specificity of modern reading of his music? In which cultural traditions should we look for the key to understanding Gershwin’s musical language, its rhythmic and intonational specifics? Finally, can a jazz pianist consider himself completely free from the culture of the academic tradition by playing Gershwin? The search for answers to all these questions has identified the problematic perspective of this article. The purpose of the article is to reveal the characteristic features of the performance of G. Gershwin’s transcriptions by modern academic pianists using specific examples and to determine the interpretational tasks of the performer. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive genre andstyle approach to the study of musical material, and also includes a comparative method used for concidering different performance versions of the same work. The main results of the study. Jazz and the culture of academic music work closely together in the style of G. Gershwin. Indicative in this sense was the idea of a concert eloquently called “Reunion of Classics and Jazz” (1924), for which the “Rhapsody in Blue” was created and where it was first performed by the author with the orchestra of Paul Whiteman. G. Gershwin, more than any other composer of his time, communicated with African-American musicians: he knew Will Voderi, Lucky Roberts, Duke Ellington; heard New York pianists play downtown and often visited the “Cotton Club” and other places in Harlem to hear the bands of Duke Ellington, Cab Calloway and other jazz musicians. But not only jazz was the area of interest and creative acquaintances of Gershwin. Along with jazz culture, there were many other musical styles. In the works of G. Gershwin, Ch. Ives, A. Copland in the early 1920s – mid 1940s there is an original combination of deep folk intonation with the composer’s technique of the XX century, up to the use of dodecaphonic-serial technique (Copland). The fusion of jazz and academic branches in Gershwin’s music, above all, takes place at the level of form. “I took the blues and put it in a larger and more serious form”, said the composer (as quoted by Schneider, 1999: 67). As a pianist, Gershwin did not receive a systematic professional education as a child, although he later had enough teachers. But that didn’t stop him from becoming a real pianist-virtuoso and a brilliant improviser. One should listen to archival recordings of Gershwin’s performance to get an idea of his performance style. Samples of his piano performances have been partially preserved: some acoustic and electric recordings, radio recordings, two sound films and a large number of piano videos (Gibbons, 2002). The studio recording of “Rhapsody in Blue” demonstrates Gershwin’s completely “academic” pianism – with clear, well-founded articulation, bright sonic fullness, thoughtful agogics of expressive declamation, which is only emphasized by the well-organized metric pulsation and dynamics by active rhythmic movement – and his true virtuoso skill. Should a modern pianist, performing Gershwin’s works, follow the example of a balanced and rather “academic” performance, as in his studio recording “Rhapsody in Blue”, or follow Gershvin’s interpretation, which can be observed in the transcription “I Got Rhythm”, where he clearly prefers the jazz element? It makes sense to compare different examples of Gershwin’s popular piano transcription of “The Man I Love”. The performance version of the English pianist Paul Barton is an attempt to imitate the specifics of the freedom of sound of instrumental jazz styles, however, as one can hear, the musical intonation is not always convincing, the breath is a bit torn, the agogics of chord melodic constructions performance the agogics of chord melodic constructions (upper layers of texture) is greatly exaggerated and the performing is practically “released” from calculation and feeling of time. As an undoubted plus of this version it is necessary to note huge attention to harmony as such, to vertical and balance within a chord – Barton’s harmony “breathes” and moves. This approach can be justified, because the harmony of Gershwin’s songs is always diverse, bright and inventive. The record of Gershwin’s 1959 “Songbook” by Ella Fitzgerald is available today. The composition “The Man I Love” in her performance can be one of the possible orienting points in the intonation of the main melodic voice, the calculation of its unfolding in time, the display of interval “tensions” and melodic intentions in Gershwin’s music. E. Fitzgerald’s vocal-jazz style presupposes a different temporal organization of the melody, different from the one suggested by P. Barton – the movement of its vocal recitation-intonation and improvisational vocals is accelerated, then somewhat slowed down, thus creating “compensated time” of a musical work, and it is with soft, relaxed, naturally light breathing. The modern media space presents the album of French pianist Alexandre Tharaud “Swing in Paris”, which includes two compositions by Gershwin: “The Man I Love” and “Do it Again!”. Three different interpretations of “The Man I Love” are popular on the You Tube website, where each video is original in its own way. These performings are variants, but the concept of details – melodic constructions, organization of rhythmic accents, as well as a sense of Gershwin’s style, is preserved. The sophistication of the Parisian salon is what distinguishes the game of Tharaud. The musician has a sense of proportion and uses the full range of expressive means of academic pianism. At the same time, the development of the melodic line takes place organically and effortlessly, alluding to vocal genre examples, to free breathing and “blues” articulation of jazz vocalists; rhythmic accentuation is unobtrusive but clearly felt. Summing up, we note that the “Tharaud approach” is certainly the closest to the reference. Conclusions. Proceeding from the synthetic nature of G. Gershwin’s music, comprehension of its stylistic and cultural origins, analysis of listened musical samples, let us single out the interpretation constants that must be taken into account by the performer of his compositions. Among them – the inheritance of agogics, articulation, “light” breathing, inherent in the vocal jazz manner, in the intonation of the melody; “Breathing” harmony with a colorful timbre filling of chords and subvoices united into a movable vertical-horizontal complex; understanding of rhythm as an independent expressive sphere that has ethnic roots in the music of the African American tradition.
18
Mignard, D., and C. Pritchard. "Processes for the Synthesis of Liquid Fuels from CO2 and Marine Energy." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 84, no. 9 (September 2006): 828–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/cherd.05204.
Full text
19
Oranska, O. I., Yu I. Gornikov, V. M. Gun’ko, and A. V. Brichka. "On the use of model diffraction profiles in the microstructure analysis of nanocrystalline metal oxides based on powder x-ray diffraction data." SURFACE 14(29) (December 30, 2022): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2022.14.148.
Full textAbstract:
The study of the microstructure of nanocrystalline substances by the method of powder diffractometry based on the physical broadening of diffraction lines involves the use of diffraction data of standard polycrystalline samples, preferably, one nature with the test samples with the size of crystallites exceeding 100 nm. In the absence of such standards, researchers resort to the existing dependence of the width of diffraction peaks on the angle of diffraction for the standard sample or the construction of theoretical instrumental profiles due to the collimation parameters of x -rays used. In this paper a comparative study of the microstructure of nanocrystalline titanium oxide (anatase), tin oxide iron oxide (magnetite), synthesized in various ways, using several methods of analysis of powder diffractograms, was carried out. To evaluate the average crystallite sizes of the studied oxides, the Sherer equation with a graphical method of determining the width of instrumental profile and the influence of dublet radiation was chosen. Methods of profile analysis of diffraction spectra, such as a method of whole profile modeling of powder diffractograms (WPPM) and the chord method, were used to construct crystallite size distribution functions and determine the average size of crystallites of the oxides. Modeling of instrumental diffraction profiles of titanium, tin and iron oxides was performed using X -rays collimation parameters determinated using a polycrystalline silicon as standard and pseudo -Voigt function, which best describes the form of diffraction peak. The crystallite size distribution functions were constructed by means of WPPM and chords methods based on the instrumental profiles. It has been found that the values of average size of the crystallites, obtained by the methods of Sherer, WPPM and chords, differ within the one order of magnitude for each oxide. Thus, for titanium oxide this value is within 12-18 nm, for tin oxide within 7-10 nm, the iron oxide of iron within 9-12 nm. Analysis of size crystallite distribution functions and average sizes of the crystallites of the studied oxides showed the advisability of using different methods of studying microstructure to clarify the true type of the size crystallites distribution and establish its connection with the conditions and the synthesis method.
20
Munekata, Paulo E. S., Mirian Pateiro, Rubén Domínguez, Marise A. R. Pollonio, Néstor Sepúlveda, Silvina Cecilia Andres, Jorge Reyes, Eva María Santos, and José M. Lorenzo. "Beta vulgaris as a Natural Nitrate Source for Meat Products: A Review." Foods 10, no. 9 (September 4, 2021): 2094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10092094.
Full textAbstract:
Curing meat products is an ancient strategy to preserve muscle foods for long periods. Nowadays, cured meat products are widely produced using nitrate and nitrite salts. However, the growing of the clean-label movement has been pushing to replace synthetic nitrate/nitrite salts (indicated as E-numbers in food labels) with natural ingredients in the formulation of processed foods. Although no ideal synthetic nitrate/nitrite replacements have yet been found, it is known that certain vegetables contain relevant amounts of nitrate. Beta vulgaris varieties (Swiss chard/chard, beetroot, and spinach beet, for instance) are widely produced for human consumption and have relevant amounts of nitrate that could be explored as a natural ingredient in cured meat product processing. Thus, this paper provides an overview of the main nitrate sources among Beta vulgaris varieties and the strategic use of their liquid and powder extracts in the production of cured meat products.
21
You, You Peng, and Jun He. "A Parametric Interpolator with Smooth Kinematic Profiles for High Speed Machining." Key Engineering Materials 315-316 (July 2006): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.315-316.169.
Full textAbstract:
Smooth kinematic profiles are very important for high speed curve machining. During parametric interpolation, simple adaptive feedrate with confined contour error may cause acceleration and jerk to fluctuate acutely. To avoid the undesirable influence, an interpolation algorithm for parametric curves with smooth kinematic profiles is presented. The interpolator consists of three parts, look-ahead module, feedrate planning module and interpolation module. In look-ahead module, a pre-interpolator is designed to produce the required feedrate profile considering chord error. By feedrate planning, a smooth feedrate profile with confined acceleration and jerk is schemed based on bell-shape ACC/DEC profile by feedrate profile matching and feedrate profile synthesis. Then the parametric curve can be interpolated with the planned feedrate in interpolation module. Simulation results have been also provided to illustrate that the proposed interpolator can generate smooth kinematic profiles required for the high tracking accuracy at high speed with confined chord error, acceleration and jerk, and can be used for high speed and precision curve machining.
22
Wei, Wei, Xin Shu, Peng Chen, and Xiangyun Li. "A chord-angle-based approach with expandable solution space to 1-degree-of-freedom (DOF) rehabilitation mechanism synthesis." Mechanical Sciences 13, no. 1 (April 12, 2022): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-341-2022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Rehabilitation robots have been proven to be an effective tool for patient motor recovery in clinical medicine. Recently, few degrees of freedom (DOFs), especially 1-DOF, rehabilitation robots have drawn increasing attention as the complexity and cost of the control system would be significantly reduced. In this paper, the mechanism synthesis problem of 1-DOF rehabilitation robots is studied. Traditional synthesis methods usually aim at minimizing the trajectory error to generate a mathematically optimal solution, which may not be a practically feasible solution in terms of engineering constraints. Therefore, we propose a novel mechanism synthesis approach based on chord angle descriptor (CAD) and error tolerance expansion to generate a pool of mechanism solutions from which mathematically and practically optimal solutions can be selected. CAD is utilized for its capability to represent the same-shaped trajectories of different mechanisms in a unified way, and it is robust to the noise in the rehabilitation trajectory acquired by motion capture systems. Then a library of mechanism trajectories is established with compressed representations of CAD via an auto-encoder algorithm to speed up the matching between mechanism and rehabilitation trajectory where the matching error tolerance can be adjusted according to practical rehabilitation specifications. Finally, a design example of a 1-DOF rehabilitation robot for upper-limb training is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of our novel approach.
23
Ehexige, Ehexige, Tsogzolmaa Ganbold, Xiang Yu, Shuqin Han, and Huricha Baigude. "Design of Peptidomimetic Functionalized Cholesterol Based Lipid Nanoparticles for Efficient Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids." Molecules 24, no. 18 (September 19, 2019): 3413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183413.
Full textAbstract:
Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) are the most potent carriers for the delivery of nucleic acid-based therapeutics. The first FDA approved a short interfering RNA (siRNA) drug that uses a cationic LNP system for the delivery of siRNA against human transthyretin (hTTR). However, preparation of such LNP involves tedious multi-step synthesis with relatively low yields. In the present study, we synthesized cationic peptidomimetic functionalized cholesterol (denote Chorn) in straightforward chemical approaches with high yield. When formulated with helper lipids, Chorn LNPs complexed with siRNA to form nanoparticles with an average diameter of 150 nm to 200 nm. Chorn LNP mediated transfection of a green fluorescence protein (GFP) expressing plasmid resulted in 60% GFP positive cells. Moreover, Chorn LNP delivered siRNA against polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), a disease related gene in cancer cells and efficiently suppressed the expression of the gene, resulting in significant morphological changes in the cell nuclei. Our data suggested that cholesterol based cationic LNP, prepared through a robust chemical strategy, may provide a promising siRNA delivery system.
24
Stribeck, Norbert, Xuke Li, Berend Eling, Elmar Pöselt, and Pieter J. in 't Veld. "Quasiperiodicity and the nanoscopic morphology of some polyurethanes." Journal of Applied Crystallography 48, no. 2 (February 14, 2015): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576715000874.
Full textAbstract:
When straining polyurethane elastomers (PUEs), it is often observed that the long-period peak of the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) does not shift normally. An explanation is indicated for some PUEs in the real-space chord distribution. It exhibits a sequence of constant long-period bands. The band positions form a Fibonacci sequence. This relates to the underlying chemical synthesis by polyaddition of hard and soft modules, indicating a nearly quasiperiodic setup in sequences of stringed hard domains. These sequences appear to be the probes provided by SAXS for the study of morphology evolution in such PUEs. Should a regular-as-possible arrangement of physical crosslinks optimize a property of the material, then in the synthesis the mole fractionnHof hard modules should be chosen to benH= τ/(1 + τ) ≃ 0.62, where τ is the golden ratio.
25
Broderick, Shaun R., and Williams B. Evans. "Biosolids Promote Similar Plant Growth and Quality Responses as Conventional and Slow-release Fertilizers." HortTechnology 27, no. 6 (December 2017): 794–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03639-17.
Full textAbstract:
Biosolids are rich in plant nutrients and are a byproduct of municipal wastewater treatment and those that meet strict government safety standards can be land applied in most agricultural settings except for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) certified organic production. Across the United States, about 60% of biosolids are land applied, but in Mississippi almost no biosolids are land applied. Our research goal was to compare plant size in southeastern U.S. soils amended with biosolids at rates of 2, 8, 14, and 20 tons/acre in contrast to soils amended with synthetic fertilizers using ‘Floral Lace Cherry’ dianthus (Dianthus chinensis ×barbatus), ‘Dreams Coral Morn’ petunia (Petunia ×hybrida), ‘Pidgeon White’ kale (Brassica oleraceae var. acephala), and ‘Bright Lights’ swiss chard (Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla). To accomplish this, fertilizers and biosolids were applied to prebedded fields in a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement of nutrient treatments. Plant performance data and soil data were taken 43 and 56 days after transplant. Soil pH was reduced and organic matter increased at the highest application rates (14 and 20 tons/acre) of biosolids, and higher levels of phosphorus, zinc, and sulfur were found in these soils. In plant shoots, higher levels of copper, manganese, magnesium, and zinc were found when grown in soils amended with biosolids at a rate of 20 tons/acre compared with plants grown with synthetic fertilizers. Except for swiss chard, no crops fertilized with biosolids exhibited a difference in dry weights (DW) compared with conventional fertilizers. These data demonstrate that soil properties can be improved and similar plant sizes can be achieved through biosolid applications. We conclude that Grade A biosolids produced in Mississippi can be used to supplement synthetic fertilizers for ornamental and vegetable production.
26
Altendorf, Hellen, and Dominique Jeulin. "3D DIRECTIONAL MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY FOR ANALYSIS OF FIBER ORIENTATIONS." Image Analysis & Stereology 28, no. 3 (May 3, 2011): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v28.p143-153.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper we present algorithms for measuring local characteristics of random fiber systems. The calculation of the local directions and radii is based on directional distance transforms and evaluation of the inertia moments and axes of the resulting extremities of the centralized, directed chords. The method provides continuous results while minimizing the runtime by using few sampled directions. Furthermore several steps of improvement for the computation of orientation and radius information are presented. The algorithms are evaluated using synthetic data and applied to images of realmicrostructures obtained by computer tomography.
27
Abdullah, Rahma Hashim, Iman Fadhil, and Amjed Mirza Oda. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Beta vulgaris (Chard) Extract: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 8 (June 28, 2019): 1881–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.21797.
Full textAbstract:
Green synthesis route has been used for preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by aqueous extract of chard plant (Beta vulgaris). The extract volume was studied as effected parameter in the synthesis of AgNPs and monitored by UV-visible spectrum according to the surface plasmon resonance band that centered at 417 nm. The silver nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. The FTIR anlysis showed the adsorption of biomolecules on the AgNPs surface acting as reducing and capping agent. The XRD results revealed the presence of cubic face silver metal without trace of another silver oxides, as an indication of stability against oxidation. Also XRD in combination with SEM analysis showed that AgNPs are in the nanometric scale with spherical identical shape, where the route was successful. The silver nanoparticles tested against Streptococcus pneumonia and Escherichia coli, where the inhibition zone was 28 and 33 nm, respectively.
28
Şahin, Harun Levent, Bora Orçun Çakır, and Yavuz Yaman. "Dynamic Force Analysis of a Novel Mechanism for Chord and Camber Morphing Wing Under Aerodynamic Loading." MATEC Web of Conferences 233 (2018): 00006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823300006.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, the dynamic force analysis of a novel deployable mechanism, called as scissor-structural mechanism (SSM), for active camber and chord morphing have been presented. The mechanism is created via combination of several scissor-like-elements (SLEs). With a novel kinematic synthesis concept, various types of scissor-like-elements are assembled together to provide the desired airfoil geometries. The types (translational, polar), the number of scissor-like-elements, their orientations with respect to centerline of the airfoil and their distribution frequencies over the chord length are the design parameters, which allow designers to achieve all the possible geometric shapes. With the assumption of an existing fullycompliant wing skin, it is possible to adjust the wing profile to various desired airfoil geometries. With the help of developed computer routine, the mechanism is generated which yields the minimum possible design error. After the selection of mechanism, the position, velocity and acceleration analyses of the mechanism have been done. In order to prove aerodynamic efficiency of newly created airfoil geometries and obtain pressure distribution over the airfoil, 2D aerodynamic analyses have been done with the package program XFOIL. The flow characteristics used for the analysis are determined by the flight envelope of a generic UAV. Obtained pressure distribution is applied as the lumped force on the joints. By assigning the approximate link masses and mass centers, the dynamic force analysis of the mechanism has also been performed in order to estimate the required torque to drive the synthesized mechanism.
29
Ridout, Sam. "Ellen Arkbro and Marcus Pal; Claudia Molitor, Decay, hcmf//, 16 November 2019." Tempo 74, no. 292 (March 6, 2020): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004029821900130x.
Full textAbstract:
Ellen Arkbro has been much fêted in experimental scenes (though not – or not yet – so much in the sort of new music scenes with which hcmf// remains associated) for her two records, For Organ and Brass (2017) and CHORDS (2019). Her performance with Marcus Pal in St Paul's Hall in Huddersfield follows a number of other shows in the UK, including at TUSK festival in Newcastle and at the Barbican in London. The pair are based in Stockholm, where they seem to be part of a burgeoning experimental organ scene. Their just intonation drone music comes with impeccable credentials: both studied with La Monte Young, and Pal also studied with Catherine Christer Hennix. The organ emitted a quiet diminished octave as the audience filed in, a dissonance resolved as soon as Arkbro sat down at the organ manual. What followed appeared to be a reworked and extended version of CHORDS for organ: the organ articulating perfect intervals and single tones, sounding something like a harmonic series and something like the I–IV–V of rock and blues, while Pal's computer-generated additive synthesis, speakers carefully directed upwards parallel to the organ's pipes, combine with the organ's familiar sound to create dense and jagged masses, chords transforming into timbres and back again.
30
Cabrera, Andrés, JoAnn Kuchera-Morin, and Curtis Roads. "The Evolution of Spatial Audio in the AlloSphere." Computer Music Journal 40, no. 4 (December 2016): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj_a_00382.
Full textAbstract:
Spatial audio has been at the core of the multimodal experience at the AlloSphere, a unique instrument for data discovery and exploration through interactive immersive display, since its conception. The AlloSphere multichannel spatial audio design has direct roots in the history of electroacoustic spatial audio and is the result of previous activities in spatial audio at the University of California at Santa Barbara. A concise technical description of the AlloSphere, its architectural and acoustic features, its unique 3-D visual projection system, and the current 54.1 Meyer Sound audio infrastructure is presented, with details of the audio software architecture and the immersive sound capabilities it supports. As part of the process of realizing scientific and artistic projects for the AlloSphere, spatial audio research has been conducted, including the use of decorrelation of audio signals to supplement spatialization and tackling the thorny problem of interactive up-mixing through the Sound Element Spatializer and the Zirkonium Chords project. The latter uses the metaphor of geometric spatial chords as a high-level means of spatial up-mixing in performance. Other developments relating to spatial audio are presented, such as Ryan McGee's Spatial Modulation Synthesis, which simultaneously explores the synthesis of space and timbre.
31
Ivanova, Giedrė. "Music in the Works of Ignas Šeinius: A Few Chords." Colloquia 49 (July 19, 2022): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/coll.22.49.03.
Full textAbstract:
In this article, the author focuses on the expression of music in the early texts of Lithuanian prose innovator Ignas Jurkūnas Šeinius (1889–1959). Starting with Werner Wolf’s typology of the relations between words and music, and incorporating insights from other scholars (Lars Elleström, Siglind Bruhn, Vytautas Kubilius, Irina Melnikova, etc.), the article discusses the different forms of music and the meanings they produce in Šeinius’ novel Kuprelis (1913, 1932), in one segment of his short story “Vasaros vaišės” [Summer Feast, 1914], and in the novella “Marių daina” [The Song of the Lagoon, 1914].
The analysis has shown that in the novel Kuprelis, music expression explicates the experiences of the main characters, their self-perception and relationship to other characters, becoming a symbol of love, and pointing to and predicting important moments in the story. In the analyzed passage from the short story “Summer Feast,” one can notice a parallel with the musical form of fugue, which creates the impression of multiple motifs sounding and being perceived at the same time, and which emphasizes the aspect of the existential climax that is being developed by the narrative. Combining music, literature and painting, the novella “The Song of the Lagoon” echoes the synthesis of these arts captured in Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis’s pictorial sonata “Jūra” [The Sea].” The ekphrastic nature of the novella invites the reader to see the figures from the paintings reproduced using words, and to hear the musical motifs that accompany them.
32
Schoch, Siegrid, and Monica Ihl. "Substrate Specificity of Chlorophyllase from Different Plants." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 53, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1998): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-1-206.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The activity of chlorophyllase (chlorophyll-chlorophyllido-hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.14) extracted from six different species was compared with enzyme extracted from leaves of Tree of Heaven. The chlorophyllase activity from Swiss chard was similar to the Tree of Heaven enzyme, all the others were less active or inactive. We tested the substrate specificity with bacteriochlorophyll a, chlorophylls a and b. pheophytins a and b and also the synthetic pig ments Zn pheophytins a and b and Zn pyropheophytin a. The natural pigments were the best substrates, but the Zn derivatives were also hydrolysed, except Zn pyropheophytin a which was accepted only by the enzyme extracted from the leaves of Tree of Heaven.
33
Grau, Florian C., Jeannine Jaeger, Florian Groher, Beatrix Suess, and Yves A. Muller. "The complex formed between a synthetic RNA aptamer and the transcription repressor TetR is a structural and functional twin of the operator DNA–TetR regulator complex." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 6 (February 13, 2020): 3366–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa083.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract RNAs play major roles in the regulation of gene expression. Hence, designer RNA molecules are increasingly explored as regulatory switches in synthetic biology. Among these, the TetR-binding RNA aptamer was selected by its ability to compete with operator DNA for binding to the bacterial repressor TetR. A fortuitous finding was that induction of TetR by tetracycline abolishes both RNA aptamer and operator DNA binding in TetR. This enabled numerous applications exploiting both the specificity of the RNA aptamer and the efficient gene repressor properties of TetR. Here, we present the crystal structure of the TetR-RNA aptamer complex at 2.7 Å resolution together with a comprehensive characterization of the TetR–RNA aptamer versus TetR–operator DNA interaction using site-directed mutagenesis, size exclusion chromatography, electrophoretic mobility shift assays and isothermal titration calorimetry. The fold of the RNA aptamer bears no resemblance to regular B-DNA, and neither does the thermodynamic characterization of the complex formation reaction. Nevertheless, the functional aptamer-binding epitope of TetR is fully contained within its DNA-binding epitope. In the RNA aptamer complex, TetR adopts the well-characterized DNA-binding-competent conformation of TetR, thus revealing how the synthetic TetR-binding aptamer strikes the chords of the bimodal allosteric behaviour of TetR to function as a synthetic regulator.
34
Igielska-Kalwat, Joanna, Ewa Kilian-Pięta, and Sława Połoczańska-Godek. "The Use of Natural Collagen Obtained from Fish Waste in Hair Styling and Care." Polymers 14, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14040749.
Full textAbstract:
Chemically speaking, polymers are multi-molecular compounds that have specific physicochemical properties. Hair cosmetics utilize their ability to create a protective film and make the cosmetic formulation more viscous, which facilitates its application. Natural polymers are encountered in nature, but, in hair cosmetics, artificially modified ones are more often used. Unfortunately, artificially modified polymers are characterized by high resistance to biological factors, which creates an ecological problem. Another reason for a search for natural polymers is their milder action when compared to synthetic ones. One of the new sources of obtaining collagen is the waste connective tissue materials of aquatic animals—skins, spines, dorsal chords and scales, and swim bladders. These raw materials are most often disposed of in landfills, processed into fish meal, or destined for food for animals. The conducted research was aimed at proving the action of natural collagen in hair cosmetics as a substitute for synthetic polymers. In the patients using collagen laminate, it is possible to notice the complete elimination of excessive sebum production, restoration of the correct pH value, and reduction in skin inflammations.
35
Pavlista, Alexander D. "NITROGUANIDINES, A NEW FAMILY OF PGRs, INHIBIT SENESCENCE OF LEAVES AND VEGETABLES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1133d—1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1133d.
Full textAbstract:
Nitroguanidines are a new family of synthetic plant growth regulators (Speltz, Walworth, and Pavlista 1986. US Patent #4, 594, 092) These compounds have cytokinin-like activity such as delaying senescence. Three compounds are AC239, 604, AC243, 419 and AC132, 654 The first two are phenyl and the latter is a benzyl nitroguanidine. Examples of anti-senescence activity of these compounds are: 1. sunflower leaves, 2. tobacco leaves, 3. leafy lettuce, 4. kale, 5. collards, and 6. Swiss chard. The senescence of cut ornamental flowers is also inhibited. Examples are gladiolus and daffodils. Along with delaying senescence, AC239, 604, for example, increased leaf size, thereby, increasing yield of leaf crops such as tobacco (Pavlista and Templeton. 1987. PGRSA Proc.) and lettuce.
36
Moroni, Artemis, Jônatas Manzolli, Fernando Von Zuben, and Ricardo Gudwin. "Vox Populi: An Interactive Evolutionary System for Algorithmic Music Composition." Leonardo Music Journal 10 (December 2000): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/096112100570602.
Full textAbstract:
While recent techniques of digital sound synthesis have put numerous new sounds on the musician's desktop, several artificial-intelligence (AI) techniques have also been applied to algorithmic composition. This article introduces Vox Populi, a system based on evolutionary computation techniques for composing music in real time. In Vox Populi, a population of chords codified according to MIDI protocol evolves through the application of genetic algorithms to maximize a fitness criterion based on physical factors relevant to music. Graphical controls allow the user to manipulate fitness and sound attributes.
37
ABOU-FAKHR HAMMAD, E. M., N. M. NEMER, and N. S. KAWAR. "Efficacy of Chinaberry tree (Meliaceae) aqueous extracts and certain insecticides against the pea leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae)." Journal of Agricultural Science 134, no. 4 (June 2000): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185969900773x.
Full textAbstract:
Aqueous extracts of fruits and leaves of the Chinaberry tree, Melia azedarach L. were tested for their efficacy versus other biotic and synthetic insecticides against the pea leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard). The study included field experiments on naturally infested swiss chard, Beta vulgaris var. Cicla L., and greenhouse experiments on artificially infested cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. that were conducted in 1995–96. The other treatments included azadirachtin (0·25%), ultrafine mineral oil, abamectin, cyromazine, imidacloprid, pyrazophos and control. Results of field experiments indicated that Melia fruit extract and the other insecticides significantly lowered the number of larvae per swiss chard plant as compared to the control, at 5 days sampling after second spray or 15 days after first spray, when two consecutive sprays were performed. However, at 10 days after second spray, the fruit extract did not differ significantly from the control, but it was comparable in its effect to the insecticides, except abamectin and cyromazine. In greenhouse experiments, the pea leafminer larvae were found at higher densities on cucumber leaves located at the lower plant part (10–60 cm) compared to other leaf positions. The Melia fruit extract and the other pesticides significantly decreased the number of live larvae per cucumber leaf compared to the control, 10 days after each spray. The fruit extract, abamectin, cyromazine, imidacloprid and pyrazophos lowered the leafminer population significantly compared to the control, throughout the period of the experiments. However, the fruit extract was significantly less effective than these insecticides at the final count, 20 days after second spray. Abamectin and cyromazine consistently showed a significant decrease in number of larvae, in both field and greenhouse experiments. At certain periods of the experiments, Melia extracts were comparable in their efficacy to the tested commercial biorational and synthetic pesticides. Thus, they have a good potential to be used in the management of the pea leafminer. This is the first report for use of M. azedarach against L. huidobrensis.
38
Han, Siuebin. "Early piano work of Sang Tong: becoming a style." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 52, no. 52 (October 3, 2019): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-52.11.
Full textAbstract:
Background. The article explores the development of the piano style of the outstanding composer Sang Tong, one of the founders of the national pianistic art. He was one of the first Chinese composers to apply modern techniques of composer writing on the basis of national musical elements. The early period of the creativity of this musician (1950–60’s) was the basis for the formation of his composer personality. The basis of the creative experiments of Sang Tong was his early piano work. In such works as “In a distant place” (1947), “Seven Ballads on the Themes of Songs of Inner Mongolia” (1953), “Three Preludes” (1955), “Two Piano Pieces” (1956), “The Little Children’s Suite” ( 1958), “Miao National Songs” (1959), “Imagination” (1959), the composer’s innovative style crystallized. Objectives. The purpose of the article is consideration and study the early period of Sang Tong’s piano work, the development of his compositional style in the 1950–60’s. Methods of research are based on a set of scientific approaches necessary for the disclosure of its theme. The complex approach, combining the principle of musical-theoretical, musical-historical and performing analysis, is taken as the basis of the methodology. Results. The influence of European teachers V. Frankel (student A.Schoenberg), J. Schloss (student A. Webern), and Chinese musician Xu Luosi on the formation of the artistic worldview of Sang Tong is investigated. If V. Frankel and J. Schloss instilled in the young musician an interest in modern techniques of composer writing, then Xu Luoxi pointed out to San Tong the importance of preserving the national principle in musical compositions. The influence of other musical genres, in particular, vocal and instrumental, on the formation of the composer’s piano style in the 1950s is also considered. Composer’s works have high artistic value due to his composer personality and high artistic merits of his works, which reflect the national style of music. His music is modern, it is often performed on stage, it sounds on radio and television, it adorns a lot of art and documentary films. The early works of San Tong, according to the peculiarities of harmonic language and musical content, can be divided into three groups. To the first group based on traditional harmony, it is possible to carry its vocal works. Although Sang Tong tried to adhere to traditional harmony, he does not associate himself with rigid canons. The composer boldly uses modern harmonic complexes consisting of nine, eleven, thirteen sounds, variable chords performing the function of complication, uses complex polyphonic combinations, which leads to a strong and dramatic sound. The second type of works differs in that their musical language is based on modal harmony and the structure of pentatonic. Mostly it concerns such works as “Spring wild mountain song”, “Jiannan thousand aromas of rice”, “Piano song about Miao song”, etc. The composer creates his own rich, gravitating to the national style, poetically depicting bright and memorable pastoral paintings. Functional limitations of pentatonic allow the author to diversify the style and demonstrate the inherent elegance of writing. The third group of the composer’s early works is based on a modern style. The main works, where the author used modern innovations, are his “Three Preludes”, “Night” and “In that remote place”. Boldly relying on some principles of modern harmony and combining them with a pentatonic fret, Sang Tong made some useful discoveries. In the “Three Preludes” retaining the color of pentatonic, the author used the serial technique of the composition for the development of the material. When composing chords, he relies on the Chinese principle of Yin Yang, which in this context embodies harmony and disharmony and expands the scope of the chord. Breaking the traditional harmonic concept and transforming it into a complex function that depends on factors such as multi-level chords, using a number of modern notions of harmony, the composer invades the sphere of traditional pentatonic sounding, modernizing it, which allows us to rethink the possibilities of the pentatonic fret. Conclusions. Thus, the early period of music creation laid the foundation for the study of the modern theory of harmony in the work of Sang Tong, and also contributed to the further development of innovation in the use of modern techniques of composer writing in synthesis with pentatonic.
39
Kong, Angela Y. Y., Cynthia Rosenzweig, and Joshua Arky. "Nitrogen Dynamics Associated with Organic and Inorganic Inputs to Substrate Commonly Used on Rooftop Farms." HortScience 50, no. 6 (June 2015): 806–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.6.806.
Full textAbstract:
Employing rooftops for the cultivation of crops in limited urban space has garnered interest in densely populated cities in the United States, where there is a growing demand for locally sourced vegetable products. Fertility management recommendations for rooftop farming, however, are scant. With insufficient research on nutrient cycling within rooftop farming systems, which tend to use soilless substrates with low organic matter content, the potential tradeoffs between the negative impacts (e.g., nutrient runoff) and the benefits (e.g., increased locally produced vegetables, stormwater retention, etc.) associated with rooftop farms are unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on the N dynamics within substrate typically used on rooftop farms. Substrate without added N inputs (control) was compared with substrates receiving N sources that are both realistic for and/or reflective of amendments currently applied on urban rooftop farms: a synthetic fertilizer (Osmocote® 14N–4.2P–11.6K), and three organic N inputs—composted poultry manure, municipal green waste (MGW) compost, and vermicompost. Aboveground crop biomass and yields of Beta vulgaris (swiss chard), along with inorganic N availability (ammonium: and nitrate: ), potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN), leachate-inorganic N concentrations, and pH and electrical conductivity (EC) levels were measured during an 8-week greenhouse experiment. Despite differences in carbon-to-nitrogen ratios (C:N), few differences in N cycling and yields were found among the treatments receiving organic N inputs. Crop yields from the synthetic fertilizer and MGW compost treatments were higher than the other organic N input treatments. Inorganic N levels in the synthetic fertilizer treatment decreased from 129 mg N/L at the start of the season to 113 mg N/L at the end of the season, while nearly 10-fold decreases of inorganic N concentrations in the substrate of the control and organic N input treatments from week 0 (79.5–117.8 mg N/L) to week 8 (12.8–16.6 mg N/L) were observed. Greater N availability at critical periods during the season may have promoted greater crop N uptake efficiency and, therefore, higher yields in the system receiving synthetic fertilizer. However, the greatest losses of and via leachate were also measured from this treatment. Our results show that the type of N input influenced plant-available N and yields and that the MGW compost treatment best achieved the balance between higher yields and reduced N losses to potential roof runoff. Furthermore, additional N inputs to these systems, particularly to the treatments receiving organic composts, will likely be necessary if a high N-demanding crop (such as swiss chard) is to be grown in the same substrates for more than 8 weeks. Rooftop farming is an emergent component of urban agriculture; regulations and guidelines for nutrient management of rooftop farms are necessary to optimize productivity and long-term benefits and to minimize negative environmental impacts.
40
Goyette, Garrett, and Wallace Pill. "MINERAL ORE CO-PRODUCT (IRON OXIDE) AS A GROWTH MEDIUM COMPONENT." HortScience 27, no. 11 (November 1992): 1158b—1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1158b.
Full textAbstract:
The utility of Ironrich (IR), a tertiary mineral co-product from TiO2 production, as a growth medium component was investigated. All complementary bulking components (10 to 50% volume) gave reduced shoot fresh weights of tomato, impatiens or perennial ryegrass relative to Fairgrow (FG, co-composted solid waste and sewage sludge). Shoot fresh weights of impatiens and tomato grown in 50% IR with FG were similar to those grown in commercial peat-lites. When provided 200 mg N litre-1 daily, chard shoot fresh weights, beet root fresh weights, and tomato fruit fresh weights from plants grown in 50% IR plus 50% FG were not significantly different from those grown in 50% silt loam plus 50% FG. Tissue Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb concentrations from plants grown in 50% combinations of FG with IR or silt loam were below the limits of detection. IR plus FG with N-P-K fertilization provided a satisfactory greenhouse growth medium. We project that IR + FG will constitute a satisfactory synthetic topsoil.
41
Lisiecka, Katarzyna. "Akord à rebours. O muzyce i „duchowej inteligencji” w filmie Interstellar Christophera Nolana." Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication 28, no. 37 (March 31, 2021): 177–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/i.2020.37.11.
Full textAbstract:
The essay aims to reveal the role of music in the movie Interstellar by Christopher Nolan and its significance in creating an artistic message that relates to the love myths characteristic of European culture and art. The orientation point is the Tristanic myth and the project of musical dramaturgy by Richard Wagner, the founder of the concept of music being the significant layer in a Gesamtkunstwerk, a synthesis of the arts, which strongly inspires i.a. cinema. The article ponders possible messages to be decoded from the music in Nolan’s movie: as a “form of a lover’s discourse” (R. Barthes), “significant form” (Suzanne K. Langer), “symbolic form” (E. Cassirer), responsible for shaping the ambience that constitutes an inherent structural part of the movie in the metaphysical cinema genre. The musical solutions applied by Hans Zimmer in the soundtrack to Nolan’s movie do more than merely imply inspiration from Wagner. They also allow for recognition of the polyphonic way of constructing formal and thematic relations between musical themes and the verbal-visual layer of the movie. This refined artistic project aims at a subtly directed confrontation with the nihilistic picture of love that is representative of melancholic-pessimistic images of the condition of human relationships in the modern culture. The analysed main musical theme, called the “à rebours chord” (i.e. anti-Tristan chord), turns out to be an overt musical manifestation of such a counterpunch and becomes a starting point to telling a story that refers to the concept of love which assumes taking action and fighting for the good of your loved ones, as well as the concept of Caritas and unconditional love. The way that the music and sound of the movie are orchestrated is therefore tightly coupled with its semantic and symbolic message, which allows for perceiving the music as a specific “libration point” of the movie structure. Its function might also be interpreted as a semantic attribute of “a spiritual intelligence”, referring to that which is binding and crucial for the axiological and metaphysical message of the movie.
42
DeSimone, John A., Tam-Hao T. Phan, ZuoJun Ren, Shobha Mummalaneni, and Vijay Lyall. "Changes in taste receptor cell [Ca2+]i modulate chorda tympani responses to bitter, sweet, and umami taste stimuli." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 12 (December 15, 2012): 3221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00129.2012.
Full textAbstract:
The relationship between taste receptor cell (TRC) intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and rat chorda tympani (CT) nerve responses to bitter (quinine and denatonium), sweet (sucrose, glycine, and erythritol), and umami [monosodium glutamate (MSG) and MSG + inosine 5′-monophosphate (IMP)] taste stimuli was investigated before and after lingual application of ionomycin (Ca2+ ionophore) + Ca2+, 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane- N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM; Ca2+ chelator), U73122 (phospholipase C blocker), thapsigargin (Ca2+-ATPase blocker), and diC8-PIP2 (synthetic phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate). The phasic CT response to quinine was indifferent to changes in [Ca2+]i. However, a decrease in [Ca2+]i inhibited the tonic part of the CT response to quinine. The CT responses to sweet and umami stimuli were indifferent to changes in TRC [Ca2+]i. However, a decrease in [Ca2+]i attenuated the synergistic effects of ethanol on the CT response to sweet stimuli and of IMP on the glutamate CT response. U73122 and thapsigargin inhibited the phasic and tonic CT responses to bitter, sweet, and umami stimuli. Although diC8-PIP2 increased the CT response to bitter and sweet stimuli, it did not alter the CT response to glutamate but did inhibit the synergistic effect of IMP on the glutamate response. The results suggest that bitter, sweet, and umami taste qualities are transduced by [Ca2+]i-dependent and [Ca2+]i-independent mechanisms. Changes in TRC [Ca2+]i in the BAPTA-sensitive cytosolic compartment regulate quality-specific taste receptors and ion channels that are involved in the neural adaptation and mixture interactions. Changes in TRC [Ca2+]i in a separate subcompartment, sensitive to inositol trisphosphate and thapsigargin but inaccessible to BAPTA and ionomycin + Ca2+, are associated with neurotransmitter release.
43
Ota, Mineo. "Bartók’s wrists and 19th-century performance practice: An essay on the historicity of piano technique." Studia Musicologica 53, no. 1-3 (September 1, 2012): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/smus.53.2012.1-3.12.
Full textAbstract:
Mária Comensoli, who studied under Bartók in the mid-1920s, reports that her teacher used “peculiar fingerings and peculiar wrist and arm technique.” Examining such comments and the recordings of the composer-pianist, it becomes clear that Bartók played the piano partly according to the 19th-century performance practice. He frequently played chords in arpeggio, even when there were no markings of arpeggio in the score, and he respected the tone color of each finger by relying on the technique of leaping. Contemporary documents suggest that one of Bartók’s technical advantages was the flexibility of his wrists. In Bartók’s case it may have been a fruit of a conscious training by István Thomán. The writings of the Liszt-pupil Thomán suggest that, like his master, he valued the “active” use of wrists, even though he basically supported the modern, “synthetic” piano technique propagated by Breithaupt, who consistently recommended the “passive” use of the wrists. It is likely that, through Thomán, Bartók learned many things from the 19th-century performance practice.
44
Kharitonova, Natalya S. "Synthesis of Arts in Vasily Kandinsky's Creative Work." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 9, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik9496-104.
Full textAbstract:
The author analyzes the processes associated with synthesis of arts at the turn of the 19-20th centuries basing on Russian artist Vasily V. Kandinskys creation. He felt a certain relationship between different kinds of art and the need for combining them to create something special, new and unique. For the first time, the artist wrote about this in his book Concerning The spiritual in art, where he articulated the idea of affinity of all kinds of art, especially music and painting. Defining pictorial art as a part of spiritual life that promotes the movement forward and upward, Kandinsky develops not only the theory of the influence of color and color combinations on the viewer, but argues that the form (abstract or geometric) has an inner sounding in turn. Thus, straight lines are youthful, the curves convey maturity, the point is a small world, the horizons sound cold and flat, the verticals are warm and sublime, sharp corners are warm, while straight lines are cold and austere. Vasily Kandinsky believed that the composition was a chord of colorful and picturesque forms that exist independently as such, which are caused by inner necessity and constitute the whole, called a painting. The artist claimed that our harmony is based mainly on the principle of color and sound contrast. Not accidentally, Vasily Kandinsky, noting a strong impression in his youth from Wagners operas, entered the Monogram signature on his works in the triangle, and used musical terms for titles of his works: improvisation, composition, Fugue, Concerto, Suite, and others. Defining the scenic arts as part of spiritual life, which contributes to moving forward and upward, Kandinsky developed not only the theory of color effects and color combinations on the viewer, but argued that the form (abstract or geometrical) has inner sound in turn.
45
Ding, Feng, Da Zhi Wang, Shao Yin Zhang, and Tian Xing Liu. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Poly (aryl ether sulfone ketone) S Containing M-Sulfonylbenzonyl Linkage in the Main Chains." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 1518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.1518.
Full textAbstract:
A low expense chloro-monomer, 1-(4'-chloro-1-benzoyl)-3-(4'-1-choro-benzene sulfonyl)-benzene(CBCBSB), was synthesized by the Friedel-Crafts reaction of m-chlorosu1fonyl benzoyl chloride with chlorobenzene. A novel poly (aryl ether sulfone ketone)s (PAESK) containing m-sulfonylbenzoyl linkages in the main chains were prepared by copolycondensation of CBCBSB with hydroquinone in N, N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The structure of PAESK was confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-NMR and characterized by XRD. thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) were carried out to demonstrate its good melt processability. The polymer exhibited the better solubility in chloroform, N-methyl-2-pyrrlidone(NMP), dimethylacetamide(DMAC), dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and excellent mechanical performance.
46
Martínez, Lorena, Pedro Bastida, Julian Castillo, Gaspar Ros, and Gema Nieto. "Green Alternatives to Synthetic Antioxidants, Antimicrobials, Nitrates, and Nitrites in Clean Label Spanish Chorizo." Antioxidants 8, no. 6 (June 19, 2019): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8060184.
Full textAbstract:
Natural extracts obtained from fruit and vegetable processing are important sources of phenolic compounds and nitrates, with excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to characterize and determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of several natural extracts (citric (Ct), acerola (Ac), rosemary (R), paprika, garlic, oregano, beet (B), lettuce (L), arugula (A), spinach (S), chard (Ch), celery (Ce), and watercress (W)), both in vitro and applied to a cured meat product (chorizo). For that, the volatile compounds by GC-MS and microbial growth were determined. The total phenolic and nitrate contents were measured and related with their antioxidant capacity (measured by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC methods) and antimicrobial capacity against Clostridium perfringens growth in vitro. In order to study the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts in food, their properties were also measured in Spanish chorizo enriched with these natural extracts. R and Ct showed the highest antioxidant capacity, however, natural nitrate sources (B, L, A, S, Ch, Ce, and W) also presented excellent antimicrobial activity against C. perfringens. The incorporation of these extracts as preservatives in Spanish chorizo also presented excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities and could be an excellent strategy in order to produce clean label dry-cured meat products.
47
Stevens, Elizabeth A., Melodee A. Walker, and Sharon Vaughn. "The Effects of Reading Fluency Interventions on the Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension Performance of Elementary Students With Learning Disabilities: A Synthesis of the Research from 2001 to 2014." Journal of Learning Disabilities 50, no. 5 (April 11, 2016): 576–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219416638028.
Full textAbstract:
Fluent word reading is hypothesized to facilitate reading comprehension by improving automatic word reading, thus releasing a reader’s cognitive resources to focus on meaning. Many students with learning disabilities (LD) struggle to develop reading fluency, which affects reading comprehension. This synthesis extends Chard, Vaughn, and Tyler’s (2002) review, synthesizing fluency intervention research from 2001 to 2014. The search yielded 19 studies examining reading fluency and comprehension outcomes of reading fluency interventions for students with LD in kindergarten through 5th grade. Results showed repeated reading (RR), multicomponent interventions, and assisted reading with audiobooks produced gains in reading fluency and comprehension. Providing a model of fluent reading and performance feedback, using easier level text, setting a performance criterion, and practicing RR with peers also contributed to improved outcomes. Findings suggest that RR remains the most effective intervention for improving reading fluency for students with LD. Limitations include sample size, only three group design studies, and infrequent use of standardized measures.
48
Azlina, Ahmad, Purevjav Javkhlan, Yuka Hiroshima, Takahiro Hasegawa, Chenjuan Yao, Tetsuya Akamatsu, and Kazuo Hosoi. "Roles of lysosomal proteolytic systems in AQP5 degradation in the submandibular gland of rats following chorda tympani parasympathetic denervation." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 299, no. 5 (November 2010): G1106—G1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00194.2010.
Full textAbstract:
Chorda tympani denervation (CTD) of rats was earlier shown to result in loss of submandibular gland (SMG) weight (at only 1 wk) and in continued reduction in aquaporin 5 (AQP5) protein expression (until 4 wk), without affecting its mRNA synthesis (Li X, Azlina A, Karabasil MR, Purwanti N, Hasegawa T, Yao C, Akamatsu T, Hosoi K. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 295: G112–G123, 2008). The present study indicated that despite elevation of bax, a proapoptosis protein, by CTD, the operation also increased the level of bcl-2, an antiapoptosis protein, in the SMG. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL assay) showed no increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the SMG. CTD, however, induced strongly and transiently (at 1–3 days) the protein expression of LC3B-II, a marker protein of autophagosomes, suggesting that the reduction in the gland weight was due to onset of autophagy by CTD. Upon CTD, Lamp2, a lysosomal marker, gradually increased in amount, reaching a peak at the 14th day. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in the number of lysosome-like structures positive for both AQP5 and Lamp2 in the acinar cells of the SMG after CTD; similar changes were observed also for AQP5 and LC3Bs. These data suggest that AQP5 in the SMG entered autophagosomes and/or lysosomes for degradation upon CTD. In vitro AQP5-degrading activity was found in the SMG extracts, and such activity was shown to be increased by CTD. Inhibitor experiments implied cathepsins B and L to be candidate enzymes for this degradation under normal and CTD conditions, respectively.
49
Deivanayagam, Piramanayagam, Parasuraman Bhoopathy, and Sethuramachandran Thanikaikarasan. "Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, analgesic and CNS studies of Schiff base cu(II) complex derived from 4-choro-o-phenylene Diamine." International Journal of Advanced Chemistry 2, no. 2 (October 3, 2014): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v2i2.3338.
Full text
50
Yuriy, Dyachenko. "FRENCH MUSETTE IN THE WORKS OF A. HAIDENKO." Aspects of Historical Musicology 22, no. 22 (March 2, 2021): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-22.07.
Full textAbstract:
At the present stage of development of world music, the accordion and button accordion occupy one of the leading positions. Formation of instruments on the professional concert stage is an integral part of both world and Ukrainian musical culture, as evidenced by the composition, a large number of performing competitions and festivals that take place not only in Ukraine but also in Europe, Asia and America, and Australia. A significant phenomenon of the latest wave of development of accordion and button accordion art is the crystallization of pop and jazz in the works of composers and performers. From the second half of the twentieth century, the popularity of pop and jazz music among performers and listeners (due to its brightness and accessibility) opened new horizons, genre and stylistic searches which have largely affected the trends in the development of world accordion and button accordion art, including pop and jazz. The composer’s activity of leading performers is becoming a widespread phenomenon of modern pop-jazz accordion movement. Among them we note V. Podgorny, V. Zubytsky, V. Vlasov, A. Haidenko, O. Nazarenko, B. Myronchuk, A. Stashevsky and others. Well aware of the specifics of technical-expressive, acoustic and textural capabilities of modern accordion and button accordion, domestic composers-accordionists have created a large number of bright works of pop and jazz direction. Thus, the intensification of composer’s work and the emergence of new works of pop and jazz in the accordion and button accordion art of modern times have determined the relevance of the topic of this article. The purpose of the article is to identify the main stylistic and genre features of the French musette in the works of A. Haidenko. One of the most significant examples of this genre is the series «Paris Secrets» of five waltzes in the style of French musettes for accordion by A. Haidenko. Such a work as a «musette» has not yet been mastered by any of the domestic composers, especially in the form of a cycle. The composer rethought the basics of the French folk instrumental genre in terms of professional accordion performance. This synthesis transforms the genre of the musette, embodies the pop genre in terms of academic art. The use of professional performance capabilities distinguishes the artist’s works from other compositions of this style, with the general availability of musical material to a wide range of listeners. Typical melismatics of French musettes is organically and professionally implemented by A. Haidenko in the whole cycle. The melismatics is based on beamed ascending and descending grace notes on chord tones, “singing” grace notes on separate notes, chromatic grace notes (imitations of “transitions” to the sound), mordents. Sudden dynamic contrasts, shift of strong bars, chord introduction, virtuosity, brightness of phrases and sentences are typical for A. Haidenko’s musettes. The series of five waltzes for accordion “Paris Secrets” in the style of French musettes by A. Haidenko is a unique heritage not only of the domestic, but also of the world original repertoire.