Relevant bibliographies by topics / Synthesis of precursor

Academic literature on the topic 'Synthesis of precursor'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Synthesis of precursor"

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Gianvittorio, Stefano, Domenica Tonelli, and Andreas Lesch. "Print-Light-Synthesis for Single-Step Metal Nanoparticle Synthesis and Patterned Electrode Production." Nanomaterials 13, no. 13 (June 23, 2023): 1915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13131915.

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The fabrication of thin-film electrodes, which contain metal nanoparticles and nanostructures for applications in electrochemical sensing as well as energy conversion and storage, is often based on multi-step procedures that include two main passages: (i) the synthesis and purification of nanomaterials and (ii) the fabrication of thin films by coating electrode supports with these nanomaterials. The patterning and miniaturization of thin film electrodes generally require masks or advanced patterning instrumentation. In recent years, various approaches have been presented to integrate the spatially resolved deposition of metal precursor solutions and the rapid conversion of the precursors into metal nanoparticles. To achieve the latter, high intensity light irradiation has, in particular, become suitable as it enables the photochemical, photocatalytical, and photothermal conversion of the precursors during or slightly after the precursor deposition. The conversion of the metal precursors directly on the target substrates can make the use of capping and stabilizing agents obsolete. This review focuses on hybrid platforms that comprise digital metal precursor ink printing and high intensity light irradiation for inducing metal precursor conversions into patterned metal and alloy nanoparticles. The combination of the two methods has recently been named Print-Light-Synthesis by a group of collaborators and is characterized by its sustainability in terms of low material consumption, low material waste, and reduced synthesis steps. It provides high control of precursor loading and light irradiation, both affecting and improving the fabrication of thin film electrodes.
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Chauhan, Preeti, Dr Priyanka Mathur, and Dr Anil Kumar Sharma. "Study on Sustainable Resource Utilization as Ligand Precursors in Coordination Chemistry." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 5 (May 31, 2024): 757–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.60427.

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Ligand Precursors in Coordination Chemistry.” Sustainable resource utilization in ligand precursor synthesis is crucial for advancing green chemistry principles and addressing environmental concerns in coordination chemistry. This study investigates the feasibility and efficacy of utilizing renewable resources as precursor materials for ligand synthesis, aiming to reduce environmental impact while maintaining the efficacy and versatility required in coordination chemistry applications. Through a combination of synthetic organic chemistry and coordination chemistry techniques, novel ligand precursors derived from sustainable sources were synthesized and characterized. Various renewable feedstocks, including biomass-derived compounds and waste materials, were explored as potential starting materials for ligand precursor synthesis. Optimization of synthetic routes and reaction conditions led to the development of efficient protocols for the synthesis of sustainable ligand precursors. Characterization techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy were employed to confirm the structures and purities of synthesized ligand precursors. Evaluation of the performance of sustainable ligand precursors in coordination chemistry reactions demonstrated their ability to form stable complexes with metal ions and exhibit catalytic activity in relevant reactions. Comparative studies with traditional ligands revealed the environmental advantages of sustainable ligand precursors, including reduced energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and solvent usage. Overall, this study highlights the importance of sustainable resource utilization in ligand precursor synthesis for promoting environmentally friendly practices in coordination chemistry and advancing the principles of green chemistry.
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Jalalian-Khakshour, A., C. O. Phillips, L. Jackson, T. O. Dunlop, S. Margadonna, and D. Deganello. "Solid-state synthesis of NASICON (Na3Zr2Si2PO12) using nanoparticle precursors for optimisation of ionic conductivity." Journal of Materials Science 55, no. 6 (November 11, 2019): 2291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04162-8.

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Abstract In this work, the effect of varying the size of the precursor raw materials SiO2 and ZrO2 in the solid-state synthesis of NASICON in the form Na3Zr2Si2PO12 was studied. Nanoscale and macro-scale precursor materials were selected for comparison purposes, and a range of sintering times were examined (10, 24 and 40 h) at a temperature of 1230 °C. Na3Zr2Si2PO12 pellets produced from nanopowder precursors were found to produce substantially higher ionic conductivities, with improved morphology and higher density than those produced from larger micron-scaled precursors. The nanoparticle precursors were shown to give a maximum ionic conductivity of 1.16 × 10−3 S cm−1 when sintered at 1230 °C for 40 h, in the higher range of published solid-state Na3Zr2Si2PO12 conductivities. The macro-precursors gave lower ionic conductivity of 0.62 × 10−3 S cm−1 under the same processing conditions. Most current authors do not quote or consider the precursor particle size for solid-state synthesis of Na3Zr2Si2PO12. This study shows the importance of precursor powder particle size in the microstructure and performance of Na3Zr2Si2PO12 during solid-state synthesis and offers a route to improved predictability and consistency of the manufacturing process.
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Tetrick, Mark A., and Jack Odle. "What Constitutes a Gluconeogenic Precursor?" Journal of Nutrition 150, no. 9 (July 11, 2020): 2239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa166.

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ABSTRACT A gluconeogenic precursor is a biochemical compound acted on by a gluconeogenic pathway enabling the net synthesis of glucose. Recognized gluconeogenic precursors in fasting placental mammals include glycerol, lactate/pyruvate, certain amino acids, and odd-chain length fatty acids. Each of these precursors is capable of contributing net amounts of carbon to glucose synthesis via the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) because they are anaplerotic, that is, they are able to increase the pools of TCA cycle intermediates by the contribution of more carbon than is lost via carbon dioxide. The net synthesis of glucose from even-chain length fatty acids (ECFAs) in fasting placental mammals, via the TCA cycle alone, is not possible because equal amounts of carbon are lost via carbon dioxide as is contributed from fatty acid oxidation via acetyl-CoA. Therefore, ECFAs do not meet the criteria to be recognized as a gluconeogenic precursor via the TCA cycle alone. ECFAs are gluconeogenic precursors in organisms with a functioning glyoxylate cycle, which enables the net contribution of carbon to the intermediates of the TCA cycle from ECFAs and the net synthesis of glucose. The net conversion of ECFAs to glucose in fasting placental mammals via C3 metabolism of acetone may be a competent though inefficient metabolic path by which ECFA could be considered a gluconeogenic precursor. Defining a substrate as a gluconeogenic precursor requires careful articulation of the definition, organism, and physiologic conditions under consideration.
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Cai, Binxiang, Huazhang Liu, and Wenfeng Han. "Solution Combustion Synthesis of Fe2O3-Based Catalyst for Ammonia Synthesis." Catalysts 10, no. 9 (September 7, 2020): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10091027.

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Fe2O3-based catalysts were prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) with metal nitrates (Fe, K, Al, Ca) as the precursors and glycine as the fuel. The activities of catalysts were evaluated in terms of ammonia synthesis reaction rate in a fixed bed reactor similar to the industrial reactors. The results indicate that the precursor of catalyst prepared by SCS is Fe2O3 which facilitates the high dispersion of promoters to provide high activity. The catalysts exhibit higher activity for ammonia synthesis than that of traditional catalysts, and the reaction rate reaches 138.5 mmol g−1 h−1. Fe2O3 prepared by SCS could be favorable precursor for ammonia synthesis catalyst. The present study provides a pathway to prepare catalyst for ammonia synthesis.
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Novembre, Daniela, Domingo Gimeno, and Brent Poe. "Diatomite as natural precursor for the synthesis of KAlSiO4-O1." European Journal of Mineralogy 30, no. 6 (December 20, 2018): 1127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2018/0030-2782.

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Şahin Ün, Şule, Ramazan Altundaş, and Ahmet C. Gören. "Synthesis of ɣ-glutamyl β-cyanoalanine precursor." Organic Communications 13, no. 4 (December 26, 2020): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25135/acg.oc.89.20.05.1660.

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The synthesis of precursors of neurotoxic ɣ-glutamyl β-cyanoalanine was developed starting from L-Serine via through the preparation of b-cyanoalanine and glutamyl units. Coupling of these two intermediates gave methyl ester of ɣ-glutamyl β-cyanoalanine precursor.
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Gants, Oksana Y., Angelina D. Yudina, Valentina O. Zhirnova, Anna S. Timonina, Yulia I. Lyukshina, and Anna A. Akhmatova. "SYNTHESIS OF RUTHENIUM (IV) OXIDE ON TANTALUM BY ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 63, no. 7 (May 21, 2020): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20206307.6190.

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The results of synthesis of nanoscale films of ruthenium dioxide on tantalum are presented. The films were obtained by atomic layer deposition at the TFS 200 Beneq setup (production Finland). As precursors bis(ateltico-pentadienyl) ruthenium and oxygen were used. Nitrogen acted as an inert gas to purge the reaction chamber of precursor residues and reaction products. The synthesis was carried out in two stages: activation of the tantalum surface by hydroxyl groups and alternate supply of ruthenium and oxygen precursors to the reaction chamber under certain conditions. The main regularities of the process were revealed and the method of synthesis realization was proposed. It is shown that the synthesis result is influenced by the process parameters of the atomic layer deposition method. The main parameters affecting the process are the temperature in the reaction chamber and the precursor requiring heating, the time of the precursor intake and the time of nitrogen purging. Also, in the process of synthesis, such a parameter as "pause" is used-the temporary cessation of the supply of any reagents to the reaction chamber to increase the ratio of reacting molecules. The influence of each process parameter on the synthesis of thin films of ruthenium dioxide is substantiated and experimentally confirmed. It was concluded that the optimal deposition temperature of ruthenium dioxide is 220 °C. The optimum temperature of the heated precursor is 80 °C. The optimal time of the ruthenium precursor is 1 s, the time of the oxidizing agent is 10 s under the stated conditions. The optimal "pause" time is 3 s after the intake of bis (ethylcyclopentadienyl) ruthenium, and 5 s after the intake of oxygen. The presented method of synthesis of ruthenium dioxide will allow to obtain high-quality, uniform throughout the thickness of nanoscale films that can be used as an electrode in capacitors.
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Cademartiri, Ludovico, and Geoffrey A. Ozin. "Emerging strategies for the synthesis of highly monodisperse colloidal nanostructures." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1927 (September 28, 2010): 4229–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0126.

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This short perspective describes recent developments in the synthesis of nanoscale colloids from sparingly soluble precursors. These strategies, which we dubbed ‘heterogeneous nanocrystal syntheses’ owing to the presence of a precursor in a non-colloidal solid state, have demonstrated the ability to generate new colloidal shapes, a superior monodispersity and a remarkable ability to delay the onset of Ostwald ripening, when compared with more traditional and purely colloidal strategies. We review the key contributions to this emerging area of research and discuss in detail the remarkable number of differences between these syntheses and the widely used homogeneous organometallic syntheses for making nanoscale colloids.
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Huang, Jian-Zhi, I.-Chih Ni, Yun-Hsuan Hsu, Shu-Wei Li, Yu-Chen Chan, Shin-Yi Yang, Ming-Han Lee, Shau-Lin Shue, Mei-Hsin Chen, and Chih-I. Wu. "Low-temperature synthesis of high-quality graphene by controlling the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the precursor." Nano Express 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 015003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2632-959x/ac3388.

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Abstract A furnace-free inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP-PECVD) system, which does not require sample heating, was used to grow graphene at a temperature below 300 °C. This studies have found that under low-temperature PECVD growth conditions, liquid precursors are more suitable for preparing low-temperature graphene precursors than gaseous precursors.​​​​ Hence, benzene is used as a carbon precursor to obtain a sheet resistance of approximately 1.24 kΩ sq−1. In this research, it was discovered that the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the precursor molecule is an important factor while using PECVD to grow graphene. This factor affects the quality of graphene and the sheet resistance value —when the carbon–hydrogen ratio for the precursor molecule is 1:1, graphene has the high quality and lowest sheet resistance; when it is less than 1:2, the graphene that cannot be deposited has the worst quality and sheet resistance. Furthermore, we found that methane, a precursor often used to deposit graphene, will etch graphene under low-temperature conditions, and that acetylene can be used as a precursor to deposit graphene. It was further proven that the carbon–hydrogen ratio of the precursor molecules in the PECVD process caused the reduction in the graphene temperature.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Synthesis of precursor"

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Oguzkaya, Funda. "Stereoselective Synthesis Of Optically Active Cyclitol Precursors Via Chemoenzymatic Method And Synthesis Of A Nucleoside Precursor." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12607324/index.pdf.

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ABSTRACT STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE CYCLITOL PRECURSORS VIA CHEMOENZYMATIC METHOD AND SYNTHESIS OF A NUCLEOSIDE PRECURSOR Oguzkaya, Funda M.S., Department of Chemistry Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Cihangir Tanyeli June 2006, 99 pages &
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-hydroxylated products which are easily racemized, protection was directly adjusted via acetylation so as to prevent this possibility. Resulting enantiomerically enriched products were subjected to Upjohn Dihydroxylation to obtain cyclitol precursors and following Luche Reduction of ketone was adjusted so as to obtain corresponding cyclitols. In addition with such synthetic design, firstly dimethyl cyclopent-3-ene-1,1-dicarboxylate was obtained so as to reach in former manner 3-cyclopentene-1,1-dicarboxylic acid, and in latter manner cyclopent-3-enecarboxylic acid. Resulting compound was converted to 6-iodo-2-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-one and followingly to the target nucleoside precursor which is 2-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one.
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Starr, Matthew J. "Synthesis of a C5'-Pseudouridinyl Radical Precursor." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1449675404.

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Mcausland, Donald Euan Reynolds. "Arynes in synthesis : new reaction and precursor development." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/arynes-in-synthesisnew-reaction-and-precursor-development(1f59c4ec-dc6d-487b-9bc4-c5a99d5bc030).html.

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The arylation of readily accessible N-tosyl hydrazones has been achieved using arynes generated in situ under mild conditions. The resulting N-tosyl-N-aryl hydrazones undergo a one-pot Fischer indole reaction on the addition of acid, giving a synthesis of protected indoles that avoids handling unstable intermediates and arylhydrazines. A new route to functionalised 2-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl triflate aryne precursors via Suzuki cross-coupling has been developed. The method allows the incorporation of a wide range of aryl and heteroaryl groups and reactions of arynes generated from these novel precursors have been demonstrated, including a cyclotrimerisation and a fluorenone synthesis. Work was also undertaken on aryne σ-insertion reactions. The addition of benzyne to ynamides was found to result in its net insertion between the nitrogen and acetylene species. The reaction proceeds from attack at the terminal carbon in an analogous manner to C(sp)–O insertions.
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Salavati, Niasari M. "Synthesis of cadmium sulfide nanostructures by novel precursor." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20589.

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Vo, Mong Truc. "Synthesis of a Precursor for a Carotenoid Cationic Lipid." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for kjemi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19089.

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The goal of this work was the synthesis of a carotenoid cationic lipid for the research of carriers of nucleic acids into defective cells via transfection therapy. In the course of this project a precursor for the carotenoid cationic lipid was successfully obtained, but because of the limited time the synthesis of the carotenoid cationic lipid itself was not performed.
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Alqarni, Saad Ali. "Synthesis and Validation of a C5 '-Pseudouridinyl Radical Precursor." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1501602637102475.

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Basharat, Siama. "Precursor Synthesis and Chemical Vapour Deposition of Group 13 Oxides." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487670.

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This thesis is primarily concerned with the precursor synthesis and chemical vapour deposition of group 13 oxides. The gas sensing properties of some of the films prepared have also been investigated. Chapter 1 gives an introduction to techniques used for deposition, in particular chemical vapour deposition (CYD). Chapter 2 describes the synthesis of gallium and indium alkoxides incorporating donor functionalised ligands. The donor-functionalised alkoxides [R2M(OR,)h (M =Ga, R = Et; M = In, R = Me; R' = CH2CH2NMe2, CH(CH2NMe2h CH2CH20Me, CH(CH3)CH2NMe2, C(CH3hCH20Me) were synthesised by the 1 : I reaction of R3M with R'OH in toluene at room temperature. Gallium and indium bis-alkoxides [RM(OR')2] (M =Ga, R =Et; M =In, R =Me; R' = CH2CH2NMe2, CH(CH2NMe2)2, CH2CH20Me, CH(CH3)CH2NMe2, C(CH3hCH20Me) have also been synthesised by the I : 6 reaction of R3M with R'OH i.n toluene under reflux conditions. Homoleptic gallium trisalkoxides [Ga(ORhh have been prepared by the I : 6, reaction of [Ga(NMe2hh with R'OH. Decomposition of all the compounds have been studied by thermal gravimetric analysis in Chapter 3. The formation of thin-films of gallium oxide 'via single-source low pressure chemical vapour deposition (LPCYD) methodology was investigated including detailed film growth studies and characterisation. The compounds described above were used as precursors and deposition was achieved at 550°C. Chapter 3 also investigates the formation of thin-films of gallium and indium oxide using aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACYD). This involved the ill situ reaction of [Ga(NMe2hh or R3M with a donor functionalised alcohol (R'OH). Gas sensing experiments on selected Ga203 films deposited by AACVD are described in Chapter 4.
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Peters, Emily Sarah. "Precursor synthesis and chemical vapour deposition of transition metal sulfides." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408505.

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Roberts, Glyn. "The influence of catalyst precursor chemistry on methanol synthesis activity." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317194.

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Xu, Qing. "Intramolecular benzyne trapping in synthesis of a Vitamin E precursor." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2004. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56008/.

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Intramolecular benzyne trapping by alcohols have been applied to the synthesis of a series of racemic chromans. The theme of this project was to utilise this technique in the synthesis of the precursor, (/)-8-iodo-6-methoxy-2,5,7-trimethyl chroman-2-methanol, to the natural product Vitamin E. The racemic form of the above compound has been synthesised in 12 linear steps from the commercially available 2,6-dimethyl-4-nitroanisole. Attempts to synthesize the enantiomerically enriched side chain (-)-(1S)-3,4-dihydroxy-3-methyl-1-butyne have also taken place and was achieved in seven linear steps. Methylation of 8-iodo-6-methoxy-2.5.7-trimethyl chroman-2-methanol on its 8 position was carried out by Stille coupling reaction the best result was a 25% conversion to the product. In addition, a series non-racemic chromans have also been synthesised. The benzyne precursors were prepared by condensation between the dianion 391 and allylic halides, and the chirality introduced by AD-mix reactions of the resulting alkenes.
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Books on the topic "Synthesis of precursor"

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Jones, Anthony C. CVD of compound semiconductors: Precursor synthesis, development and applications. Weinheim, Germany: VCH, 1997.

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F, Aldinger, Bill Joachim, and Wakai Fumihiro, eds. Precursor-derived ceramics: Synthesis, structures and high-temperature mechanical properties. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 1999.

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F, Hepp Aloysius, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Copper-containing ceramic precursor synthesis: Solid-state transformations and materials technology. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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F, Hepp Aloysius, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Copper-containing ceramic precursor synthesis: Solid-state transformations and materials technology. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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F, Hepp Aloysius, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Synthesis and decomposition of a novel carboxylate precursor to indium oxide. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Rabjohns, Michael Alan. Synthesis of aromatic polymers containing Anthracene units by a precursor route. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1993.

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F, Hepp Aloysius, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Copper-containing ceramic precursor synthesis: Solid-state transformations and materials technology. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Monbourquette, Luc. New method for the synthesis of B-ionylideneacetaldehyde a Vitamin A precursor. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, 1992.

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Power, Gerald Augustine. The synthesis of polymers with extended [pi]-electron systems via novel precursor routes. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1994.

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El Ashry, El Sayed H., 1942-, ed. Heterocycles from carbohydrate precursors. Berlin: Springer, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Synthesis of precursor"

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Little, R. Daniel, and C. Gregory Sowell. "Stereoselective Electroreductive Cyclization. Construction of a Corey Lactone Precursor." In Electroorganic Synthesis, 323–30. Boca Raton: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203758571-44.

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Stuart, Rosemary A., Hans Koll, and Walter Neupert. "Intra-mitochondrial sorting of precursor proteins." In Protein Synthesis and Targeting in Yeast, 213–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84921-3_20.

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Devadas, M., P. Megaw, M. K. Boelen, and I. G. Morgan. "Light-Driven Rhythms in Scleral Precursor Synthesis." In Myopia Updates, 358–64. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66959-3_63.

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Gibson, Candace J. "Control of Monoamine Synthesis by Precursor Availability." In Neurochemical Systems, 309–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7018-5_13.

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Kalkreuter, Edward, Samantha M. Carpenter, and Gavin J. Williams. "Chapter 11. Precursor-directed Biosynthesis and Semi-synthesis of Natural Products." In Chemical and Biological Synthesis, 275–312. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788012805-00275.

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Collin, H. A., D. Musker, and G. Britton. "Compartmentation of Flavour Precursor Synthesis in the Onion." In Primary and Secondary Metabolism of Plant Cell Cultures II, 125–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74551-5_14.

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Shen, Shuling, Xianglong Li, and Linjie Zhi. "Precursor-Controlled Synthesis of Nanocarbons for Lithium Ion Batteries." In Nanocarbons for Advanced Energy Storage, 59–85. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527680054.ch3.

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Narayanan, Ramasubramanian, and Richard M. Laine. "Synthesis and Characterization of a Trimetallic Double-Alkoxide Precursor to Potassium Aluminosilicate." In Synthesis and Characterization of Advanced Materials, 134–45. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1998-0681.ch013.

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Treadwell, David R., Anthony C. Sutorik, Siew Siang Neo, Richard M. Laine, and Robert C. Svedberg. "Synthesis of β″-Alumina Polymer Precursor and Ultrafine β″-Alumina Composition Powders." In Synthesis and Characterization of Advanced Materials, 146–56. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1998-0681.ch014.

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Harvey, Colin J. B., and Chaitan Khosla. "Precursor-Directed Biosynthesis of Polyketide and Nonribosomal Peptide Natural Products." In Modern Tools for the Synthesis of Complex Bioactive Molecules, 485–512. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118342886.ch14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Synthesis of precursor"

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Ravi, B. G., S. Sampath, R. Gambino, P. S. Devi, and J. B. Parise. "Plasma Spray Synthesis from Precursors: Progress, Issues and Considerations." In ITSC2006, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, R. S. Lima, and J. Voyer. ASM International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2006p0871.

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Abstract Precursor plasma spray synthesis is an innovative and rapid method to make functional oxide ceramic coatings by starting from solution precursors and directly producing inorganic films. This emerging method, utilizes molecularly mixed precursor liquids, which essentially avoids the handling and selection of powders, opening up new avenues for developing compositionally complex functional oxide coatings. Precursor plasma spray also offers excellent opportunities in exploring the non-equilibrium phase evolution during plasma spraying of multi-component oxides from inorganic precursors. Although there have been efforts in this area since the 1980s and early 1990s with the goal of synthesizing nanoparticles, only recently has the work progressed in the area of functional systems. At the Center for Thermal Spray Research an integrated investigative strategy has been conducted to explore the benefits and limits of this synthesis strategy. Water and alcohol based sol/solution precursors derived from various chemical synthesis methods were used as feedstocks to deposit thin/thick films of spherical and nanostructured coatings of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), yttrium iron garnet (YIG), lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM) and Zr-substituted yttrium titanates, compositions of Y2O3-Al2O3 and their microstructural space centered around stochiometric YAG. A detailed discussion of the salient features of RF induction plasma spraying (RFPPS) approach, results obtained in the investigations to develop various functional oxide coatings and process issues and challenges are presented.
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Masteloto, Hellen G., Bruna B. Drawanz, Geonir M. Siqueira, and Wilson Cunico*. "3,4-(methylenodioxy)aniline as precursor to thiazolidinones." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-bmos2013_201391411507.

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Raschmanova, Jana, Miroslava Martinkova, and Jozef Gonda. "Stereoselective synthesis of the advanced precursor of (+)-myriocin." In The 11th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-11-01307.

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Lapshin, Oleg, and Anastasya Ryabkova. "Mathematical Modeling of Mechanochemical Synthesis of Precursor Particles." In 2020 7th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects (EFRE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/efre47760.2020.9241995.

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Puenzo, Sol C. Parajón, Adriana A. Kolender, Sandra E. Martín, and Oscar Varela. "Synthesis of linear D-alt-L peptidomimetics starting from a carbohydrate precursor." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0146-1.

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Budak, Erhan, Ramazan Lok, and Ercan Yilmaz. "LOWERING SYNTHESIS TEMPERATURE OF hBN BY IMPROVEMENT OF PRECURSOR." In RAP Conference. Sievert Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37392/rapproc.2020.01.

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Verma, Manoj, Annu Dahiya Kathy, and P. Senthil Kumar. "Metal precursor induced shape controlled synthesis of gold nanostructures." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER AND APPLIED PHYSICS (ICC 2017). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5032560.

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Luo, Yu, Jian-cheng Zhang, Yue Shen, Shu-tao Jiang, Guo-yong Liu, and Lin-jun Wang. "Precursor transfer synthesis and magnetic properties of nickel nanorods." In 2006 8th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology Proceedings. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsict.2006.306650.

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Stanbery, B. J., A. Davydov, C. H. Chang, and T. J. Anderson. "Reaction engineering and precursor film deposition for CIS synthesis." In National renewable energy laboratory and sandia national laboratories photovoltaics program review meeting. AIP, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.52863.

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Kartikay, Purnendu, Siva Sankar Nemala, and Sudhanshu Mallick. "Influence of TiCl4 precursor in hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 nanostructures." In DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2016. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4980315.

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Reports on the topic "Synthesis of precursor"

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Hok, Saphon. Synthesis of SHAL and SHAL Precursor Standard, CRADA No. TC02174.0. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1330797.

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Hok, S., and R. Balhorn. Synthesis of SHAL and SHAL Precursor Standard, CRADA No. TC02174.0. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1773580.

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Kouvetakis, John. The use of Novel Precursor Chemistry for Synthesis of Superhard Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada392127.

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Wells, Richard L., Mark F. Self, Andrew T. McPhail, Steven R. Aubuchon, and Richard C. Woudenberg. Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal Decomposition of [Cl2GAP(SIME3)2]2, A Potential Precursor to Gallium Phosphide. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada264047.

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Singh, Anjali. Amino Acids: Building Blocks of Proteins. ConductScience, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55157/cs20220612.

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Amino acids are essential organic compounds serving as protein building blocks. Recognized for their biological roles, they underpin proteins' structure and interactions. Classified by polarity and nutritional necessity, essential amino acids, not synthesized by the body, include histidine, leucine, lysine, and more, while non-essential ones are produced internally. These molecules exhibit diverse functions, from neurotransmitter precursor synthesis to immune support. Industries leverage amino acids in animal feed, artificial sweeteners, flavor enhancers, and drug manufacturing, highlighting their vital role in various applications beyond biological systems.
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Gantt, Elisabeth, Avigad Vonshak, Sammy Boussiba, Zvi Cohen, and Amos Richmond. Carotenoid-Rich Algal Biomass for Aquaculture: Astaxanthin Production by Haematococcus Pluvialis. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613036.bard.

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The synthesis of carotenoids has been studied toward enhancing the production of ketocarotenoids, since fish and crustaceans raised by aquaculture require astaxanthin and other ketocaroteinoids in their feed for desirable pigmentation. Notable progress has been made in attaining the goals of determining improved conditions for ketocarotenoid production in Haematococcus pluvialis and in elucidating the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. For production of astaxanthin a number of strains of the green alga Haematococcus were evaluated, a strain CCAG was found to be optimal for photoautotrophic growth. Of four mutants, selected for enhanced carotenoid production, two hold considerable promise because caroteinoid accumulation occurs without encystment. The biosynthetic pathway of carotenoids was elucidated in photosynthetic organisms by characterizing novel genes encoding carotenoid enzymes and by examining the function of these enzymes in a bacterial complementation system. Two cyclases (b- and e-) were cloned that are at a critical branch point in the pathway. One branch leads to the formation of b-carotene and zeaxanthin and astaxanthin, and the other to the production of a-carotene and lutein. Cyclization of both endgroups of lycopene to yield b-carotene was shown to be catalyzed by a single gene product, b-lycopene cyclase in cyanobacteria and plants. The formation of a-carotene was found to require the e-cyclase gene product in addition to the b-cyclase. By cloning a b-hydroxylase gene we showed that a single gene product forms zeaxanthin by hydroxylatin of both b-carotene rings. It is expected that a second hydroxylase is required in the synthesis of astaxanthin, since canthaxanthin rather than zeaxanthin is the precursor. Evidence, from inhibitor studies, suggests that astaxanthin is formed from canthaxanthin and that b-carotene is a major precursor. Feasibility studies with the photobioreactors have shown that a two-stage system is the most practical, where Haematococcus cultures are first grown to high cell density and are then switched to high light for maximal astaxanthin production. The basic knowledge and molecular tools generated from this study will significantly enhance Haematococcus as a viable model for enhanced astaxanthin production.
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Gutnick, David, and David L. Coplin. Role of Exopolysaccharides in the Survival and Pathogenesis of the Fire Blight Bacterium, Erwinia amylovora. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568788.bard.

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Fireblight, a disease of apples and pears, is caused by Erwinia amylovora. Mutants of E. amylovora that do not produce the extreacellular polysaccharide (EPS), amylovoran, are avirulent. A similar EPS, stewartan, is produced by E. stewartii, which caused Stewart's wilt of corn, and which has also been implicated in the virulence of this strain. Both stewartan and amylovoran are type 1 capsular polysaccharides, typified by the colanic acid slime produced by Escherichia coli. Extracellular polysaccharide slime and capsules are important for the virulence of bacterial pathogens of plants and animals and to enhance their survival and dissemination outside of the host. The goals of this project were to examine the importance of polysaccharide structure on the pathogenicity and survival properties of three pathogenic bacteria: Erwinia amylovora, Erwinia stewartii and Escherichia coli. The project was a collaboration between the laboratories of Dr. Gutnick (PI, E. coli genetics and biochemistry), Dr. Coplin (co-PI, E. stewartii genetics) and Dr. Geider (unfunded collaborator, E. amylovora genetics and EPS analysis). Structural analysis of the EPSs, sequence analysis of the biosynthetic gene clusters and site-directed mutagenesis of individual cps and ams genes revealed that the three gene clusters shared common features for polysaccharide polymerization, translocation, and precursor synthesis as well as in the modes of transcriptional regulation. Early EPS production resulted in decreased virulence, indicating that EPS, although required for pathogenicity, is anot always advantageous and pathogens must regulate its production carefully.
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Elmann, Anat, Orly Lazarov, Joel Kashman, and Rivka Ofir. therapeutic potential of a desert plant and its active compounds for Alzheimer's Disease. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7597913.bard.

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We chose to focus our investigations on the effect of the active forms, TTF and AcA, rather than the whole (crude) extract. 1. To establish cultivation program designed to develop lead cultivar/s (which will be selected from the different Af accessions) with the highest yield of the active compounds TTF and/or achillolide A (AcA). These cultivar/s will be the source for the purification of large amounts of the active compounds when needed in the future for functional foods/drug development. This task was completed. 2. To determine the effect of the Af extract, TTF and AcA on neuronal vulnerability to oxidative stress in cultured neurons expressing FAD-linked mutants.Compounds were tested in N2a neuroblastoma cell line. In addition, we have tested the effects of TTF and AcA on signaling events promoted by H₂O₂ in astrocytes and by β-amyloid in neuronal N2a cells. 3. To determine the effect of the Af extract, TTF and AcA on neuropathology (amyloidosis and tau phosphorylation) in cultured neurons expressing FAD-linked mutants. 4. To determine the effect of A¦ extract, AcA and TTF on FAD-linked neuropathology (amyloidosis, tau phosphorylation and inflammation) in transgenic mice. 5. To examine whether A¦ extract, TTF and AcA can reverse behavioral deficits in APPswe/PS1DE9 mice, and affect learning and memory and cognitive performance in these FAD-linked transgenic mice. Background to the topic.Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, glutamate toxicity and amyloid beta (Ab) toxicity are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's diseases. We have previously purified from Achilleafragrantissimatwo active compounds: a protective flavonoid named 3,5,4’-trihydroxy-6,7,3’-trimethoxyflavone (TTF, Fl-72/2) and an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenelactone named achillolide A (AcA). Major conclusions, solutions, achievements. In this study we could show that TTF and AcA protected cultured astrocytes from H₂O₂ –induced cell death via interference with cell signaling events. TTF inhibited SAPK/JNK, ERK1/2, MEK1 and CREBphosphorylation, while AcA inhibited only ERK1/2 and MEK1 phosphorylation. In addition to its protective activities, TTF had also anti-inflammatory activities, and inhibited the LPS-elicited secretion of the proinflammatorycytokinesInterleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1b from cultured microglial cells. Moreover, TTF and AcA protected neuronal cells from glutamate and Abcytotoxicity by reducing the glutamate and amyloid beta induced levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and via interference with cell signaling events induced by Ab. These compounds also reduced amyloid precursor protein net processing in vitro and in vivo in a mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease and improvedperformance in the novel object recognition learning and memory task. Conclusion: TTF and AcA are potential candidates to be developed as drugs or food additives to prevent, postpone or ameliorate Alzheimer’s disease. Implications, both scientific and agricultural.The synthesis ofAcA and TTF is very complicated. Thus, the plant itself will be the source for the isolation of these compounds or their precursors for synthesis. Therefore, Achilleafragrantissima could be developed into a new crop with industrial potential for the Arava-Negev area in Israel, and will generate more working places in this region.
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North, Justin, William Cannon, and Kelly Wrighton. Novel Microbial Routes to Synthesize Industrially Significant Precursor Compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2281171.

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Kang, Han C., Sharon S. Lee, Carolyn Knobler, and M. F. Hawthorne. Syntheses of Charge-Compensated Dicarbollide Ligand Precursors and Their Use in the Preparation of Novel Metallacarboranes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada239154.

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