Relevant bibliographies by topics / Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers

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Academic literature on the topic 'Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers'

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Published: 19 October 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers"

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Cejas-Sánchez, Joel, Anna Kajetanowicz, Karol Grela, Anne-Marie Caminade, and Rosa María Sebastián. "Strategies for the Preparation of Phosphorus Janus Dendrimers and Their Properties." Molecules 28, no. 14 (July 21, 2023): 5570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145570.

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Dendrimers, being highly branched monodispersed macromolecules, predominantly exhibit identical terminal functionalities within their structural framework. Nonetheless, there are instances where the presence of two distinct surface functionalities becomes advantageous for the fulfilment of specific properties. To achieve this objective, one approach involves implementing Janus dendrimers, consisting of two dendrimeric wedges terminated by dissimilar functionalities. The prevalent method for creating these structures involves the synthesis of dendrons that possess a core functionality that complements that of a second dendron, facilitating their coupling to generate the desired dendrimers. In this comprehensive review, various techniques employed in the fabrication of phosphorus-based Janus dendrimers are elucidated, displaying the different coupling methodologies employed between the two units. The advantages of phosphorus dendrimers over classic dendrimers will be shown, as the presence of at least one phosphorus atom in each generation allows for the easy monitoring of reactions and the confirmation of purity through a simple technique such as 31P NMR, as these structures typically exhibit easily interpretable patterns.
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Caminade, Anne-Marie. "Interplay between Nanoparticles and Phosphorus Dendrimers, and Their Properties." Molecules 28, no. 15 (July 29, 2023): 5739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155739.

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This review presents the state of the art of interactions between two different families of nanoobjects: nanoparticles—mainly metal nanoparticles, and dendrimers—mainly phosphorhydrazone dendrimers (or dendrons). The review firstly presents the encapsulation/protection of existing nanoparticles (organic or metallic) by phosphorus-based dendrimers and dendrons. In the second part, several methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles, thanks to the dendrimer that acts as a template, are presented. The properties of the associations between dendrimers and nanoparticles are emphasized throughout the review. These properties mainly concern the elaboration of diverse types of hybrid materials, some of them being used as sensitive chemosensors or biosensors. Several examples concerning catalysis are also given, displaying in particular the efficient recovery and reuse of the catalytic entities.
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Caminade, Anne-Marie, Kathleen I. Moineau-Chane Ching, and Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot. "The Usefulness of Trivalent Phosphorus for the Synthesis of Dendrimers." Molecules 26, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020269.

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Dendrimers are hyperbranched macromolecules, which are synthesized step-by-step by the repetition of a series of reactions. While many different types of dendrimers are known, this review focusses on the use of trivalent phosphorus derivatives (essentially phosphines and phosphoramidites) for the synthesis of dendrimers. The first part presents dendrimers constituted of phosphines at each branching point. The other parts display the use of trivalent phosphorus derivatives during the synthesis of dendrimers. Different types of reactions have been applied to phosphines. The very first examples of phosphorus-containing dendrimers were obtained by the alkylation of phosphines. Then, several families of dendrimers were elaborated by reaction of phosphoramidites. Such a type of reaction is the base of the solid phase synthesis of oligonucleotides; it has been applied in particular for the synthesis of dendrimers constituted of oligonucleotides. Finally, the Staudinger reaction between phosphines and azides afforded different families of dendrimers, and was at the origin of accelerated methods of synthesis of dendrimers. Besides, the reactivity of the P=N-P=S linkages created by this reaction led to very original dendritic structures.
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Caminade, Anne-Marie, Kathleen I. Moineau-Chane Ching, and Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot. "The Usefulness of Trivalent Phosphorus for the Synthesis of Dendrimers." Molecules 26, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020269.

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Dendrimers are hyperbranched macromolecules, which are synthesized step-by-step by the repetition of a series of reactions. While many different types of dendrimers are known, this review focusses on the use of trivalent phosphorus derivatives (essentially phosphines and phosphoramidites) for the synthesis of dendrimers. The first part presents dendrimers constituted of phosphines at each branching point. The other parts display the use of trivalent phosphorus derivatives during the synthesis of dendrimers. Different types of reactions have been applied to phosphines. The very first examples of phosphorus-containing dendrimers were obtained by the alkylation of phosphines. Then, several families of dendrimers were elaborated by reaction of phosphoramidites. Such a type of reaction is the base of the solid phase synthesis of oligonucleotides; it has been applied in particular for the synthesis of dendrimers constituted of oligonucleotides. Finally, the Staudinger reaction between phosphines and azides afforded different families of dendrimers, and was at the origin of accelerated methods of synthesis of dendrimers. Besides, the reactivity of the P=N-P=S linkages created by this reaction led to very original dendritic structures.
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Caminade, Anne-Marie, Jean-Pierre Majoral, Valérie Maraval, and Rosa-Maria Sebastián. "Phosphorus-Containing Dendrimers: Synthesis and Properties." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 177, no. 6-7 (June 1, 2002): 1493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426500212217.

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Caminade, Anne-Marie, Valérie Maraval, Régis Laurent, Cédric-Olivier Turrin, Pierre Sutra, Julien Leclaire, Laurent Griffe, et al. "Phosphorus dendrimers: from synthesis to applications." Comptes Rendus Chimie 6, no. 8-10 (August 2003): 791–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2003.04.009.

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Gottis, Sébastien, Régis Laurent, Vincent Collière, and Anne-Marie Caminade. "Straightforward synthesis of gold nanoparticles by adding water to an engineered small dendrimer." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (July 28, 2020): 1110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.95.

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A small water-soluble phosphorus-containing dendrimer was engineered for the complexation of gold(I) and for its reduction under mild conditions. Gold nanoparticles were obtained as colloidal suspensions simply and only when the powdered form of this dendrimer was dissolved in water, as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses. The dendrimers acted simultaneously as mild reducers and as nanoreactors, favoring the self-assembly of gold atoms and promoting the growth and stabilization of isolated gold nanoparticles. Thus, an unprecedented method for the synthesis of colloidal suspensions of water-soluble gold nanoparticles was proposed in this work.
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Caminade, Anne-Marie, Artem Zibarov, Eduardo Cueto Diaz, Aurélien Hameau, Maxime Klausen, Kathleen Moineau-Chane Ching, Jean-Pierre Majoral, Jean-Baptiste Verlhac, Olivier Mongin, and Mireille Blanchard-Desce. "Fluorescent phosphorus dendrimers excited by two photons: synthesis, two-photon absorption properties and biological uses." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (September 24, 2019): 2287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.221.

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Different types of two-photon absorbing (TPA) fluorophores have been synthesized and specifically functionalized to be incorporated in the structure of phosphorus dendrimers (highly branched macromolecules). The TPA fluorophores were included in the periphery as terminal functions, in the core, or in the branches of the dendrimer structures, respectively. Also the functionalization in two compartments (core and surface, or branches and surface) was achieved. The consequences of the location of the fluorophores on the fluorescence and TPA properties have been studied. Several of these TPA fluorescent dendrimers have water-solubilizing functions as terminal groups, and fluorophores at the core or in the branches. They have been used as fluorescent tools in biology for different purposes, such as tracers for imaging blood vessels of living animals, for determining the phenotype of cells, for deciphering the mechanism of action of anticancer compounds, and for safer photodynamic therapy.
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Apartsin, Evgeny K., Alya G. Venyaminova, Serge Mignani, Anne-Marie Caminade, and Jean-Pierre Majoral. "Synthesis of dissymmetric phosphorus dendrimers using an unusual protecting group." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 11 (2018): 8985–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj01229f.

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Dib, Hanna, Jérémy Rebière, Cyrille Rebout, Omar Alami, Saïd El Kazzouli, Nabil El Brahmi, Régis Laurent, Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot, and Anne-Marie Caminade. "PEG-cored phosphorus dendrimers: Synthesis and functionalization." Results in Chemistry 4 (January 2022): 100304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100304.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers"

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Zou, Yu. "Dendrimères et dendrons phosphorés : synthèse, propriétés et applications en nanomédecine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES093.

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L'objectif de ce travail de thèse a été de préparer de nouveaux dendrimères ou dendrons phosphorés, qu'ils soient neutres, cationiques ou anioniques, dans le but d'élargir le panel des applications dans le domaine de la nanomédecine en tant que molécules actives par elles-mêmes ou en association avec certains médicaments. Au chapitre 1, la synthèse d'un nouveau dendrimère phosphoré polycationique comportant en surface 5 groupements pyrrolidinium et une amine protonnée a été menée à bien. Ce dendrimère associé au microRNA-30d permet d'obtenir des polyplexes qui sont transférés dans les cellules cancéreuses. Il a également un bon effet thérapeutique sur les cellules cancéreuses du sein. Au Chapitre 2, l'objectif était de développer un système de délivrance de médicaments capables de pénétrer les lésions cérébrales pour proposer un traitement de la maladie de Parkinson. Pour cela, il a été mis au point la formation d'un nanocomplexe formé d'un dendrimère phosphoré porteur de groupements hydroxyl en surface, combiné avec la fibronectine, qui règle la prolifération et la différenciation et la motilité cellulaire. Sur un modèle murin de la maladie de Parkinson, il a été mis en évidence une pénétration efficace au niveau de la BBB (blood brain barrier) de l'assemblage dendrimère phosphoré AK-123 et fibronectine exerçant une activité anti-inflammatoire et antioxydante permettant de soulager efficacement les symptômes observés et démontrant le grand potentiel pour un traitement clinique de la maladie de Parkinson mais aussi ouvrant un espoir de viser d'autres maladies neurodégénératives. Au Chapitre 3, les résultats obtenus dans le domaine de la maladie de Parkinson lors de l'action conjuguée d'un dendrimère phosphoré de génération 2 comportant 48 groupements hydroxy en surface et de la fibronectine nous ont incités à diversifier la nature et la structure de ces dendrimères afin d'avoir des premières indications de leur activité en général et d'aborder éventuellement une étude SAR (relation structure activité). Pour cela nous avons pu préparer tout un ensemble de nouveaux dendrimères phosphorés neutres de générations 1 et 2, caractérisés par des structures internes différentes de celles des dendrimères utilisés dans le chapitre précèdent, et de longues chaines en surface comportant également des groupements hydroxyle. Ces dendrimères ont l'avantage de posséder des groupements amines protonées permettant une solubilité en milieu aqueux. Nous avons pu également préparer des dendrons phosphorés neutres et chargés. Des résultats préliminaires concernant leurs propriétés ont pu être mis en évidence. Au Chapitre 4, Le but de notre étude a porté tout d'abord sur la synthèse de dendrimères phosphorés anioniques originaux et à l'utilisation d'un de ces dendrimères en l'occurrence le dendrimère AK 137 qui présente une activité anti-inflammatoire optimale et une grande aptitude pour la délivrance de protéines. Des nanocomplexes stables formés par ce dendrimère et diverses protéines en solution aqueuse (bovine serum albumin (BSA), ribonucleaseA (RNaA), ovalbumine (OVA) et fibronectine (FN) ont été obtenus. Nous avons pu démontrer que l'association AK-137@FN NCs bloque l'activation de certaines voies de signalisation (NF-kB et P13K/Akt), induit la polarisation de macrophages vers des phénotypes M2, inhibe la sécrétion de cytokines pro-inflammatoires (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta et IL6) et augmente les propriétés antioxydante de FN in vitro. Les effets thérapeutiques de l'association AK-137@FN ont été démontrés sur des modèles de souris ALI (acute lung injury) et AGA (acute gout arthritis) sans observation de toxicité systémique
The objective of this thesis work was to prepare new phosphorous dendrimers or phosphorous dendrons, either neutral, cationic or anionic, with the aim of broadening the range of applications in the field of nanomedicine as molecules active by per se. or in combination with certain medications. In Chapter 1, the synthesis of a new polycationic phosphorus dendrimer comprising 5 pyrrolidinium groups on the surface and a protonated amine was successfully completed. This dendrimer associated with microRNA-30d makes it possible to obtain polyplexes which are transferred into cancer cells in an optimal N/P ratio of 10. These polyplexes are cytocompatible and transfer miR-30d to suppress glycolysis associated with SLC2A1. The inhibition of the migration and invasion of murine cancer cells in vitro and in vivo were thus demonstrated. This dendrimer can be considered as an important component for therapy based on the use of miR-30d. In Chapter 2, we develop a drug delivery system capable of penetrating BBB (blood brain barrier) to provide treatment for degenerative disorders. For this, the formation of a nanocomplex was developed consisting of a phosphorus dendrimer carrying hydroxyl groups on the surface, combined with fibronectin, which regulates proliferation and differentiation and cell motility. In a mouse model of Parkinson's disease, effective penetration at the level of the BBB of the phosphorous dendrimer assembly AK-123 and fibronectin was demonstrated, exerting an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity allowing to decrease effectively the symptoms observed and demonstrating the great potential for clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease but also hold great promise to be used to tackle other neurodegenerative disorders. In Chapter 3, the results obtained in the field of Parkinson's disease during the combined action of a generation 2 phosphorous dendrimer comprising 48 hydroxyl groups on the surface and fibronectin have encouraged us to diversify the nature and structure of these dendrimers in order to have first indications of their activity in general and to possibly approach a SAR (structure activity relationship) study. According to these, we prepared a whole set of new neutral phosphorus dendrimers of generations 1 and 2, characterized by internal structures different from those of the dendrimers used in the previous chapter, incorporating long chains on the surface and also comprising hydroxyl groups. These dendrimers have the advantage of having protonated amine groups allowing solubility in an aqueous medium. We were also able to prepare neutral and charged phosphorous dendrons. Preliminary results concerning their properties have been demonstrated. In Chapter 4, the aim of this study was focused on the synthesis of original anionic phosphorus dendrimers and the application of these dendrimers, and particularly of the dendrimer AK 137 which presents optimal anti-inflammatory activity and great efficiency for the delivery of proteins. We demonstrate that the AK-137@FN NCs association blocks the activation of certain signalling pathways (NF-kB and P13K/Akt), induces the polarization of macrophages towards M2 phenotypes, inhibits the secretion of pro-cytokines. (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL6) and increases the antioxidant properties of FN in vitro. The therapeutic effects of the AK-137@FN combination have been demonstrated in ALI (acute lung injury) and AGA (acute gout arthritis) mouse models without observation of systemic toxicity
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Prévôté, Delphine. "Synthese et reactivite de dendrimeres phosphores." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30214.

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Les dendrimeres sont des macromolecules geantes hyperbranchees construites selon un processus arborescent a partir d'un coeur central plurifonctionnel et comportant un grand nombre de fonctions terminales. Le premier chapitre de cette these consiste en une mise au point bibliographique sur les dendrimeres. Le travail personnel est reparti sur six chapitres. Le second chapitre decrit une nouvelle methode de synthese de dendrimeres phosphores. Le troisieme chapitre detaille la synthese d'un dendrimere a coeur fonctionnalise pouvant permettre l'acces a des dendrimeres de types segment block et layer block peu decrits dans la bibliographie. Le quatrieme chapitre, divise en deux parties, decrit dans un premier temps la methode de synthese de dendrimeres la plus performante mise au point au laboratoire. Ce dendrimere construit jusqu'a la douzieme generation possedent deux types de fonctions terminales : fonctions aldehydes et phosphore-chlore. La deuxieme partie de ce chapitre est consacree a l'etude de la reactivite des liaisons p-c1 terminales de ces dendrimeres qui nous ont permis de greffer des macrocycles en surface. La reactivite des fonctions aldehydes est etudiee dans les cinquieme et sixieme chapitres. Le cinquieme chapitre concerne plus precisement le greffage de fonctions organiques et bio-organiques telles que des esters, amines, acides et aminoacides, tandis que le sixieme chapitre detaille le greffage de groupements phosphores tels que les phosphonates, les phosphates, les phosphites et les ylures. Le septieme et dernier chapitre regroupe les parties experimentales des chapitres 2 a 6.
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Coleshill, Anita. "Synthesis of polyester dendrimers." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55728/.

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Dendrimers are a fairly new class of macromolecule. They have many potential uses including use in surface coatings and as host molecules. There are two main methods available for constructing dendrimers, the convergent approach and the divergent approach. In this thesis dendrimers were synthesised using the divergent approach. In chapter one our original aim was to synthesise dendrimers based on bicine, but there were complications involved in synthesis and storage of the monomer. However, it was possible to make a iminium salt using bicine as the starting material, which was reacted with various nucleophiles. With 2,2-bishydroxymethylpropionic acid it was possible to produce a generation one protected dendrimer, but deprotection could not be achieved. In the third chapter the syntheses of dendrimers based on 4,4-bis(4- hydroxyphenyl)valeric acid are described. Dendrimers were successfully synthesised up to and including generation two. These were made using various esterification methods. Chapter four describes the synthesis of functionalised dendrimers. Generation one deprotected dendrimers were reacted with a variety of reagents to produce pent-4-enoyl, urethane and lineoyl functionalised dendrimers. Chapter five describes the analysis of dendrimers using MALDI-MS. For every dendrimer synthesis molecular weights were obtained well within the boundaries of experimental error. It was also shown how preparation time and laser power can affect the spectra obtained.
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Nyström, Andreas. "Dendrimers and dendronized polymers : synthesis and characterization." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Fiber- och polymerteknik, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3970.

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The goal of this work was to synthesize complex macromolecular architectures such as dendrimers and dendronized polymers, and evaluate the effect from the dendrons on the optical and material properties. The work presented in this doctoral thesis, Dendrimers and Dendronized Polymers - Synthesis and Characterization, is divided into one minor and one major part. The first part deals with the synthesis and characterization of two sets of dendritic porphyrins based on 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA). The second part deals with the synthesis and characterization of dendronized poly(hydroxyl ethyl methacylate), dendronized poly(norbornene), and dendronized triblock copolymers, were the pendant dendrons are based on bis-MPA. Both free-base and zinc containing dendritic porphyrins was synthesized up to the fifth generation by employing iterative ester coupling utilizing the acetonide protected anhydride of bis-MPA as generic building block. First and second generation dendron bearing methacrylates based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate were also synthesized by utilizing the acetonide protected anhydride of bis-MPA, and subsequently polymerized by atom transfer radical polymerization. By adopting a divergent “graft-to” approach starting from the first generation dendronized poly(hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate), well-defined dendronized polymers with acetonide, hydroxyl, acetate and hexadecyl surface functionality were obtained. By utilizing the same divergent iterative esterfication, first to fourth generation dendron functionalized norbornenes were synthesized. These monomers were polymerized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization, utilizing either Grubbs´ first or second generation catalyst. Acrylate functional first to fourth generation monomers were synthesized by the copper(I) catalyzed “click” coupling of azido functional dendrons and propargyl acrylate. The monomers were polymerized to dendronized triblock copolymers by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, utilizing a difunctional poly(methyl methacrylate) as macro chain transfer agent. The bulk properties of the dendronized poly(hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate) and poly(norbornene) were investigated by dynamic rheological measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that all the acetonide functional bis-MPA based dendronized polymers had glass transitions temperatures in a similar range. The rheological behaviour showed that for the dendronized polymers having the same backbone length the complex viscosity as a function of functionality was independent of the surface functionality of the polymer. The generation number of the polymer had a profound influence on the complex viscosity, changing form a Newtonian behaviour to a shear thinning behaviour when the generation of the dendrons was increased from two to four. The dendronized poly(norbornene) had increasingly shorter backbone lengths for each generational increase, and for the materials set with comparably lower degree of polymerization, the G’ part of the complex modulus was mostly affected by attaching larger dendrons. In the case of the sample set of higher degree of polymerization, the second, third, and fourth generation samples had similar slopes of the G’ and G” curves, indicating a similar relaxation behaviour.
QC 20100914
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Nyström, Andreas. "Dendrimers and dendronized polymers : synthesis and characterization /." Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3970.

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Stoddart, Alison. "Synthesis, characterisation and properties of novel dendrimers." Thesis, Durham University, 2002. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4153/.

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A new family of aliphatic, polyurethane dendritic macromolecules has been designed, synthesised and characterised. The convergent route to dendrimers and the reactions of the selective coupling agent, carbonyl diimidazole (GDI) were employed. The method was successful in the preparation of first, second and third generation dendrimers and dendrons of the first to fourth generations. The structure of the termini of these branched macromolecules was varied to consist of r-butyl, benzhydryl, cyclohexyl or 4-heptyl groups. The dendrons were also coupled to a trifunctional aromatic core unit to create another series of dendrimers with an innermost layer of ester functions. The compounds prepared were soluble in most common organic solvents and insoluble in water. The physical state of the materials ranged from sticky oils to hard, amorphous solids depending on the nature of the end groups and the molecular weight of the macromolecules. The synthesis of the second generation dendrimer with (-butyl end groups was adapted to make a series of six codendrimers with differing arrangements of concentric layers of urethane and carbonate functions as well as the polycarbonate analogue. These second-generation dendrimers varied in their physical state from oils of low viscosity to hard amorphous solids depending on the proportion of carbonate and urethane functions in the molecule. The hydrogen bonding interactions in solution of some of the dendritic compounds were investigated by (^1)H NMR and infrared spectroscopy. From the analysis it was concluded that the hydrogen bonding was intramolecular rather than intermolecular in nature and that the degree of hydrogen bonding was dependent on the generation and the terminal groups of the structures. In addition, the degree of hydrogen bonding of the urethane functions was observed to be dependent on the location of the urethane layers in the second generation poly(urethane-carbonate) codendrimers. The thermal properties of the dendrimers were investigated and the materials observed to have a single glass transition. The glass transition temperatures of the dendritic families with different termini were found to be dependent on the composition of the end group and the molecular weight of the molecule. The glass transition temperatures of the codendrimers were dependent on the proportion of urethane and carbonate links in the structure and also the relative location of the layers. In a preliminary study, it was shown that blends of two different dendrimers were characterised by only one glass transition.
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Mistry, Jinesh. "Synthesis and conformational analysis of polyarene dendrimers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/synthesis-and-conformational-analysis-of-polyarene-dendrimers(650b10eb-6afd-471c-b688-5f86ee65f42c).html.

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Polyarene dendrimers with rigid aromatic regions are of interest due to their shape persistent nature. A novel series of G1 dendrimers containing a substituted 1,3-phenyl core are reported and were found to exhibit atropisomerism. This was investigated in the solid state (X ray), in solution (NMR), and via computational studies. The synthesis of fluorinated G1 dendrimers allowed for the analysis of interconversion between conformations via 19F-19F EXSY NMR (exchange spectroscopy). These were shown to exist as two distinct sets of three interconverting atropisomers. Each atropisomer was identified as well as their respective interconversion pathway. By increasing the size of the core of the G1 dendrimers resulted in physical separation of atropisomers by preparative HPLC. Results suggest certain conformers are energetically unfavourable reducing the total number of atropisomers observed.
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Nimmagadda, Alekhya. "Design, Synthesis, Applications of Polymers and Dendrimers." Scholar Commons, 2017. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7430.

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WHO has reported that antibiotic resistance is the third major cause of human death all over the globe. Recent study, has focused on the development of new antibacterial resistance drugs. Herein, we tried to synthesis a series of polymers that can mimic the HDPs. HDPs can target the bacterial cell membrane and they have less chances to develop bacterial resistance. We synthesized the amphiphilic polycarbonates that are highly selective to Gram-positive bacteria, including multidrug resistant pathogens. The membrane disruption activity of these polymers was proved by fluorescence and TEM studies and the drug resistance study showed that the polymers don’t develop bacterial resistance. In order to further design the molecules that can target a broad spectrum of bacteria, we have designed a series of lipidated dendrimers that can target the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These dendrimers mimic the HDPs and target the bacterial cell membrane. Dendrimers are reported to inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilm which makes them promising for their future development of antibiotic agents. Apart from the synthesis of polymers and dendrimers as antibacterial agents, we have designed a series of small molecular antibacterial agents that are based on the acylated reduced amide scaffold and small dimeric cyclic guanidine derivatives. These molecules display good potency against a panel of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Meanwhile, they also effectively inhibit the biofilm formation. Mechanistic studies suggest that these compounds kill bacteria by compromising bacterial membranes, a mechanism analogous to that of host-defense peptides (HDPs). Lastly, we also demonstrate that these molecules have excellent in vivo activity against MRSA in a rat model. This class of compounds could lead to an appealing class of antibiotic agents combating drug-resistant bacterial strains.
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Dotson, Michael Edward. "Improvements in Pamam Dendrimer Synthesis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin998323664.

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Soomro, Shahid A. "Design, synthesis and photochemical studies of stilbenoid dendrimers." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975958569.

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Books on the topic "Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers"

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Coleshill, Anita. Synthesis of polyester dendrimers. [s.l.]: typescript, 1998.

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Yan, Deyue. Hyperbranched polymers: Synthesis, properties, and applications. Hoboken: Wiley, 2011.

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Iolani, Cohen JaimeLee, ed. Synthesis of carbon-phosphorus bonds. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRS Press, 2004.

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Sahota, Hardeep. Synthesis and applications of polyester dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers. [s.l.]: typescript, 1996.

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Kolodiazhnyi, Oleg I. Phosphorus ylides: Chemistry and application in organic synthesis. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 1999.

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Kamer, Paul C. J., and Piet W. N. M. van Leeuwen, eds. Phosphorus(III) Ligands in Homogeneous Catalysis: Design and Synthesis. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118299715.

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Leeuwen, P. W. N. M. van (Piet W. N. M.), ed. Phosphorus(III) ligands in homogeneous catalysis: Design and synthesis. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2012.

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Lovely, Carl John. The synthesis, structure and NMR spectroscopy of N-phosphinoyloxaziridines with chirality at phosphorus. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1990.

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McWilliams, Andrew Robert. The synthesis, novel reactivity and polymerization behavior of boron- and sulfur-nitrogen-phosphorus heterocycles. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1999.

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Koole, Levinus Hendrik. Conformational transmission in pentacoordinated phosphorus compounds: Synthesis and dynamic aspects of model compounds for nucleic acids. [s.l.]: [s.n.], 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers"

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Feuerbacher, Nina, and Fritz Vögtle. "Iterative Synthesis in Organic Chemistry." In Dendrimers, 1–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-69779-9_1.

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Majoral, Jean-Pierre, and Anne-Marie Caminade. "Divergent Approaches to Phosphorus-Containing Dendrimers and their Functionalization." In Dendrimers, 79–124. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-69779-9_3.

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Thakur, Ashima, and Abha Sharma. "Synthesis of Dendrimers." In Dendrimers in Nanomedicine, 89–122. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003029915-6.

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van Manen, Henk-Jan, Frank C. J. M. van Veggel, and David N. Reinhoudt. "Non-Covalent Synthesis of Metallodendrimers." In Dendrimers IV, 121–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45003-3_4.

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Caminade, Anne-Marie, and Jean-Pierre Majoral. "Biological Properties of Phosphorus Dendrimers." In Dendrimer-Based Drug Delivery Systems, 139–55. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118275238.ch4.

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Caminade, Anne-Marie. "Synthesis of Inorganic Dendrimers." In Smart Inorganic Polymers, 115–39. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527819140.ch5.

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Caminade, Anne-Marie, and Jean-Pierre Majoral. "From Phosphorus-Containing Macrocycles to Phosphorus-Containing Dendrimers." In Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry, 275–309. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7081_2008_18.

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Caminade, A. M. "CHAPTER 6. Poly(phosphorhydrazone) Dendrimers and Other Phosphorus-containing Dendrimers." In Monographs in Supramolecular Chemistry, 146–82. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788012904-00146.

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Caminade, Anne-Marie, Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot, and Jean-Pierre Majoral. "Hybrid Materials Built from (Phosphorus) Dendrimers." In Chemistry of Organo-Hybrids, 503–25. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118870068.ch13.

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Parry, Zahoor Ahmad, and Rajesh Pandey. "Synthesis and Types of Dendrimers." In Dendrimers in Medical Science, 17–30. Toronto ; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2017.: Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315366005-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers"

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Taylor, Richard, Yuhua Lu, and Fahad Alminderej. "A Divergent Synthesis of Polyurethane Dendrimers." In The 17th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-17-d003.

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Ali, Zinah H., and Nasreen R. Jber. "Synthesis and characterization of new dendrimers compoundderived from melamine." In THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE (SISC2021): College of Science, Al-Nahrain University. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0118549.

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Williams, Lorenzo, and Siren Neset. "Dendrimers as Scavengers for Rapid Purification in Solution-Phase Parallel Synthesis." In The 4th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-4-01891.

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Ma, T., and C. J. Jing. "Design and Synthesis of New Cyclic Phosphazene Based Blue Light-Emitting Dendrimers." In 2015 International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/itms-15.2015.262.

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Keppler, Mark A., Carlos Tovar, Fahad S. Al Ghannam, Philip R. Hemmer, and Vladislav V. Yakovlev. "Widefield relaxometry with phosphorus doped NV sensor." In Synthesis and Photonics of Nanoscale Materials XVI, edited by Andrei V. Kabashin, Jan J. Dubowski, and David B. Geohegan. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2511929.

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Spangler, Charles W., Zhiyong Suo, Mikhail A. Drobizhev, Aliaksandr Karotki, and Aleksander Rebane. "Design, synthesis, and characterization of new organic dendrimers with greatly enhanced two-photon absorption." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Kevin D. Belfield, Stephen J. Caracci, Francois Kajzar, Christopher M. Lawson, and Alan T. Yeates. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.453318.

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Sowińska, Marta, Przemysław Kalicki, Marta Bochyńska, Andrzej W. Lipkowski, Jolanta Solecka, Aleksandra Rajnisz, Stefan A. Wieczorek, and Zofia Urbanczyk-Lipkowska. "New dendrimers exploring lysine and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid as branching elements – synthesis and biological evaluation." In XIIth Conference Biologically Active Peptides. Prague: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/css201113142.

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Cui, S. B., F. W. He, Q. Y. Wu, and W. S. Dai. "Synthesis of Phosphorus-Based Polyoxometalates and Their Corrosion Inhibition Performance." In The International Workshop on Materials, Chemistry and Engineering. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007440004500455.

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Xu, Xianfan. "Black phosphorus: a novel 2D material and its photonics applications (Conference Presentation)." In Synthesis and Photonics of Nanoscale Materials XV, edited by Andrei V. Kabashin, Jan J. Dubowski, David B. Geohegan, and Linyou Cao. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2286329.

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Pandya, Shivani R., and Man Singh. "Synthesis of nanomagnetic fluids and their UV spectrophotometric response with aliphatic organic acids and 1st tier dendrimers." In 5TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES: (NCTP‐09). American Institute of Physics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4945227.

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Reports on the topic "Synthesis of phosphorus dendrimers"

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Thayumanavan, Sankaran. Design, Synthesis and Study of Dendrimers as Nanoscaffolds for Solar Energy Harvest. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/922581.

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Thayumanavan, Sankaran. Design, Synthesis and Study of Dendrimers as Nanoscaffolds for Solar Energy Harvest. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/946075.

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Liu, Kaiming, and Sudersan T. Tuladhar. Synthesis of Phosphorus Based Haptens for Monoclonal Catalytic Antibody Production. Phase 2. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb202797.

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Shea, L. E., J. McKittrick, and M. L. F. Phillips. Phosphor synthesis routes and their effect on the performance of garnet phosphorus at low-voltages. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/266732.

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Schuster, Gadi, and David Stern. Integration of phosphorus and chloroplast mRNA metabolism through regulated ribonucleases. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695859.bard.

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New potential for engineering chloroplasts to express novel traits has stimulated research into relevant techniques and genetic processes, including plastid transformation and gene regulation. This proposal continued our long time BARD-funded collaboration research into mechanisms that influence chloroplast RNA accumulation, and thus gene expression. Previous work on cpRNA catabolism has elucidated a pathway initiated by endonucleolytic cleavage, followed by polyadenylation and exonucleolytic degradation. A major player in this process is the nucleus-encoded exoribonuclease/polymerasepolynucleotidephoshorylase (PNPase). Biochemical characterization of PNPase has revealed a modular structure that controls its RNA synthesis and degradation activities, which in turn are responsive to the phosphate (P) concentration. However, the in vivo roles and regulation of these opposing activities are poorly understood. The objectives of this project were to define how PNPase is controlled by P and nucleotides, using in vitro assays; To make use of both null and site-directed mutations in the PNPgene to study why PNPase appears to be required for photosynthesis; and to analyze plants defective in P sensing for effects on chloroplast gene expression, to address one aspect of how adaptation is integrated throughout the organism. Our new data show that P deprivation reduces cpRNA decay rates in vivo in a PNPasedependent manner, suggesting that PNPase is part of an organismal P limitation response chain that includes the chloroplast. As an essential component of macromolecules, P availability often limits plant growth, and particularly impacts photosynthesis. Although plants have evolved sophisticated scavenging mechanisms these have yet to be exploited, hence P is the most important fertilizer input for crop plants. cpRNA metabolism was found to be regulated by P concentrations through a global sensing pathway in which PNPase is a central player. In addition several additional discoveries were revealed during the course of this research program. The human mitochondria PNPase was explored and a possible role in maintaining mitochondria homeostasis was outlined. As polyadenylation was found to be a common mechanism that is present in almost all organisms, the few examples of organisms that metabolize RNA with no polyadenylation were analyzed and described. Our experiment shaded new insights into how nutrient stress signals affect yield by influencing photosynthesis and other chloroplast processes, suggesting strategies for improving agriculturally-important plants or plants with novel introduced traits. Our studies illuminated the poorly understood linkage of chloroplast gene expression to environmental influences other than light quality and quantity. Finely, our finding significantly advanced the knowledge about polyadenylation of RNA, the evolution of this process and its function in different organisms including bacteria, archaea, chloroplasts, mitochondria and the eukaryotic cell. These new insights into chloroplast gene regulation will ultimately support plant improvement for agriculture
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Eshel, Amram, Jonathan P. Lynch, and Kathleen M. Brown. Physiological Regulation of Root System Architecture: The Role of Ethylene and Phosphorus. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585195.bard.

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Specific Objectives and Related Results: 1) Determine the effect of phosphorus availability on ethylene production by roots. Test the hypothesis that phosphorus availability regulates ethylene production Clear differences were found between the two plants that were studied. In beans ethylene production is affected by P nutrition, tissue type, and stage of development. There are genotypic differences in the rate of ethylene production by various root types and in the differential in ethylene production when P treatments are compared. The acceleration in ethylene production with P deficiency increases with time. These findings support the hypothesis that ethylene production may be enhanced by phosphorus deficiency, and that the degree of enhancement varies with genotype. In tomatoes the low-P level did not enhance significantly ethylene production by the roots. Wildtype cultivars and ethylene insensitive mutants behaved similarly in that respect. 2) Characterize the effects of phosphorus availability and ethylene on the architecture of whole root systems. Test the hypothesis that both ethylene and low phosphorus availability modify root architecture. In common bean, the basal roots give rise to a major fraction of the whole root system. Unlike other laterals these roots respond to gravitropic stimulation. Their growth angle determines the proportion of the root length in the shallow layers of the soil. A correlation between ethylene production and basal root angle was found in shallow rooted but not deep-rooted genotypes, indicating that acceleration of ethylene synthesis may account for the change in basal root angle in genotypes demonstrating a plastic response to P availability. Short-time gravitropic response of the tap roots of young bean seedlings was not affected by P level in the nutrient solution. Low phosphorus specifically increases root hair length and root hair density in Arabidopsis. We tested 7 different mutants in ethylene perception and response and in each case, the response to low P was lower than that of the wild-type. The extent of reduction in P response varied among the mutants, but every mutant retained some responsiveness to changes in P concentration. The increase in root hair density was due to the increase in the number of trichoblast cell files under low P and was not mediated by ethylene. Low P did not increase the number of root hairs forming from atrichoblasts. This is in contrast to ethylene treatment, which increased the number of root hairs partly by causing root hairs to form on atrichoblasts. 3) Assess the adaptive value of root architectural plasticity in response to phosphorus availability. A simulation study indicated that genetic variation for root architecture in common bean may be related to adaptation to diverse competitive environments. The fractal dimension of tomato root system was directly correlated with P level.
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Wells, R. L., A. T. McPhail, and M. F. Self. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Organoindium-Phosphorus Complexes Containing a Four-Membered In-P-In-Cl or In-P-In-P Ring: Crystal Structures of (Me3SiCH2)2InP(SiMe3)2In(CH2SiMe3)2Cl and ((Me3SiCH2)2InP(SiMe3)2) 2. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada239170.

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