Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Synthèse passive du temps'
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Zhang, Jie. "Synthèse de formaldéhyde par oxydation directe du méthane en microréacteur." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL060N/document.
Formaldehyde is one of the world’s top organic intermediate chemicals. It is currently produced by a complex three-step process but a one-step process might require less energy. In this work, the direct gas phase partial oxidation of methane to formaldehyde has been studied through experiments and kinetic modeling. As formaldehyde is an intermediate in the sequential oxidation of methane, short residence times (<100 ms) have been considered in order to optimize its production. Thus, a quartz annular flow microreactor (annular space 0.5 mm wide), was chosen. The undertaken experiments consist of a systematic investigation of the effects of temperature (600-1000°C), residence time (20-80 ms), input composition XO2/XCH4 (0.5-15) and initial NO2 concentration (0-0.6%). Without NO2, the HCHO selectivity decreases with the increasing methane conversion. For a single pass operation, the best HCHO yield is 2.4% (950°C, 60 ms, XO2/XCH4 = 8). The addition of NO2 decreases the reaction initiation temperature by 300°C and it remarkably enhances the HCHO yield. The highest HCHO yield attains 9% (700°C, 30 ms, XO2/XCH4 =7) in the presence of NO2 (0.5%). For the reaction without NO2, the mechanism Gri-Mech 3.0 fits well the experimental results. For the reaction with NO2, by using the mechanism of Zalc et al. (2006) with some modifications, we obtained a good agreement between the experimental data and the model. The production and consumption flux analysis shows that the inter-conversion between NO2 and NO plays an important role in the reaction, because it continuously produces the reactive radicals OH• and it converts the radicals CH3• and CH3O2• to radicals CH3O•
Jeong, Boram. "Theory of subjectification in Gilles Deleuze : a study of the temporality in capitalism." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080165.
This dissertation looks at time as a socially or psychologically imposed ‘structure’ that determines the ways in which past, present and future are weaved together in the subject. This inquiry presents (1) a critical role of temporality in the formation of the subject, (2) a specific temporality characteristic of contemporary financial capitalism, and (3) the pathologies of time found in the subjects of capitalism. The first two chapters provide an extensive analysis of Deleuze’s passive syntheses of time given in Difference and Repetition, which reveals the subject’s passive relation to time as a structure of ‘becoming.’ The following chapters examine how this ontological structure of time interacts with socio-economic temporalities in its production of the subject. I particularly focus on the temporal structure of debt, which has become a general condition of the subjects in the current economic system. I claim that the debt-based economy produces ‘melancholic subjectivity,’ characterized by a dominance of the past and the inhibition of becoming
Holländer, Matthias. "Synthèse géométrique temps réel." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0009/document.
Eal-time geometry synthesis is an emerging topic in computer graphics.Today's interactive 3D applications have to face a variety of challengesto fulfill the consumer's request for more realism and high quality images.Often, visual effects and quality known from offline-rendered feature films or special effects in movie productions are the ultimate goal but hard to achieve in real time.This thesis offers real-time solutions by exploiting the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)and efficient geometry processing.In particular, a variety of topics related to classical fields in computer graphics such assubdivision surfaces, global illumination and anti-aliasing are discussedand new approaches and techniques are presented
Holländer, Matthias. "Synthèse géométrique temps réel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0009.
Eal-time geometry synthesis is an emerging topic in computer graphics.Today's interactive 3D applications have to face a variety of challengesto fulfill the consumer's request for more realism and high quality images.Often, visual effects and quality known from offline-rendered feature films or special effects in movie productions are the ultimate goal but hard to achieve in real time.This thesis offers real-time solutions by exploiting the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)and efficient geometry processing.In particular, a variety of topics related to classical fields in computer graphics such assubdivision surfaces, global illumination and anti-aliasing are discussedand new approaches and techniques are presented
Gonçalvès, Paulo. "Représentations temps-fréquence et temps-échelle bilinéaires : synthèse et contributions." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0167.
Nguena, Timo Omer Landry. "Synthèse pour une Logique Temps-Réel Faible." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440829.
Karpf, Sylvain. "Architectures massivement parallèles pour la synthèse d'images temps réel." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10007.
RANDALL, GREGORY. "Conception et realisation d'une machine de stereoscopie trinoculaire passive temps reel." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112252.
Auger, François. "Représentations temps-fréquence des signaux non-stationnaires : synthèse et contribution." Nantes, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NANT2056.
Salagnac, Guillaume. "Synthèse de gestionnaires mémoire pour applications Java temps-réel embarquées." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10042.
In this thesis, we address the problem of dynamic memory management in real-time embedded Java systems. When programming in C or C++, all memory management is done explicitly by the programmer, inducing numerous execution faults because of hazardous use of memory operations. This greatly increases software development costs, because such errors are very hard to debug. The Java language tackles this problem by offering automatic memory management, thanks to the use of a garbage collector. However, garbage collection is often deemed to be unsuited to a real-time embedded context, because of its unpredictable execution times. This problem hinders the spread of modern languages like Java in the world of real-time embedded systems. To settle the problem of execution times, we propose to use a region-based memory manager. The idea is to group objects of similar lifetimes into memory regions, which are deallocated as a whole. This paradigm offers predictable execution times for all memory operations. We propose a static analysis algorithm that predicts connections between objects, so that every data structure is grouped into one region. The analysis also produces results describing the memory behaviour of the program, helping the developer to write his code in a style suitable for region-based memory management. We implemented an automatic region allocator in the virtual machine of the JITS project, dedicated to bringing full Java support to resource-constrained embedded devices. Experiments show that for most programming patterns, our system behaves as efficiently as a garbage collector, while retaining predictable execution times. Our analysis tool is furthermore able to provide useful feedback to the programmer to pinpoint problematic constructs
Salagnac, Guillaume. "Synthèse de gestionnaires mémoire pour applications Java temps-réel embarquées." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288426.
Pour résoudre le problème de la prévisibilité du temps d'exécution des opérations mémoire, nous proposons une approche fondée sur l'utilisation d'un modèle mémoire en régions. Cette technique, en groupant physiquement les objets de durées de vie similaires dans des zones gérées d'un seul bloc, offre en effet un comportement temporel prévisible. Afin de décider du placement des objets dans les différentes régions, nous proposons un algorithme d'analyse statique qui calcule une approximation des relations de connexion entre les objets. Chaque structure de données est ainsi placée dans une région distincte. L'analyse renvoie également au programmeur des informations sur le comportement mémoire du programme, de façon à le guider vers un style de programmation propice à la gestion mémoire en régions, tout en pesant le moins possible sur le développement.
Nous avons implanté un gestionnaire mémoire automatique en régions dans la machine virtuelle JITS destinée aux systèmes embarqués à faibles ressources. Les résultats expérimentaux ont montré que notre approche permet dans la plupart des cas de recycler la mémoire de façon satisfaisante, tout en présentant un comportement temporel prévisible. Le cas échéant, l'analyse statique indique au développeur quels sont les points problématiques dans le code, afin de l'aider à améliorer son programme.
Naoulou, Abdelelah. "Architectures pour la stéréovision passive dense temps réel : application à la stéréo-endoscopie." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00110093.
Dudragne, Jérôme. "Analyse et synthèse de la commande de téléopérateurs généralisés par l'approche passive." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20200.
Beaumesnil, Brice. "Suivi labial couleur pour analyse-synthèse vidéo et communication temps-réel." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3048.
The objective of this thesis is to extract and to track relevant primitives of the mouth in a nonconstrained environment (typically o_ce lighting) to make a realistic animation of a synthetic 3D face model in real-time without audio information. We sought to study various existing methods to adapt them to our problem. First we define a lip hue based on a non-linear color space (little sensitive to lighting variation) in order to exhibit very distinctly skin and lip hue areas on the speaker's face. This hue is then segmented by a clustering algorithm to be able to detect the position of the mouth and its contours. In order to make the algorithm more robust we use synthesis information (feedback loop) of the face to guide the mouth analysis. Low-level methods give us the avantage not to use a database compared to many existing works (typically AAMs). Moreover, their dynamic control ensures a great robustness to the lighting exposition and to the various types of speaker's skin. With this work we have realized a global analysis/synthesis chain (going from the video capture of the speaker until the clone animation). An operational prototype enables us to make animations in real time with many speakers under various types of lighting
Zhou, Xiyin. "Deleuze, temps et éthique : les trois synthèses du temps et les trois éthiques." Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0042/document.
This dissertation plans to contribute to a study of the philosophy of time and the ethics of Deleuze, by scrutinizing the conception of time drawn from the three syntheses in Difference and repetition and that of ethics which is embodied in the article titled “Spinoza and the three « Ethics » ” (Critical and Clinical), in order to show the isomorphism between the ternary structure of the three syntheses of time and that of the three Ethics. This brings about a meta-ethical stake going beyond the deleuzian scope and also enables to recapture the conception of ethics from a perspective of time. It’s about trying to arrive at a meta-ethical reflection, on the deleuzian ethics inspired by Spinoza and Nietzsche, from this ‘problematique’ of both time and ethics. The approach and the style that are adopted to realize this theme are neither exegetical nor hermeneutical,but inclined to construct the arguments. Hence, instead of adhering to the deleuzian assertions taken for granted, by insisting on an intellectual reserve and by practicing an argumentative attitude, a genuine conceptual dialogue with Deleuze from an external point of view becomes possible. This argumentative dialogue is realized by applyingsome powerful concepts, which don’t necessarily attach to the deleuzian system: the concept of ‘presentism’ is introduced by joining it with that of the spinozian ‘expression’ in order to make all the three syntheses of time univocal; the concept of ‘abduction’ is invited to clarify the particular philosophical manner of Deleuze. Therefore, this dissertation privileges an externalist point of view in the reading of the articulation between ontology of time and ethics
Meynard, Adrien. "Stationnarités brisées : approches à l'analyse et à la synthèse." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0475.
Nonstationarity characterizes transient physical phenomena. For example, it may be caused by a speed variation of an accelerating engine. Similarly, because of the Doppler effect, a stationary sound emitted by a moving source is perceived as being nonstationary by a motionless observer. These examples lead us to consider a class of nonstationary signals formed from stationary signals whose stationarity has been broken by a physically relevant deformation operator. After describing the considered deformation models (chapter 1), we present different methods that extend the spectral analysis and synthesis to such signals. The spectral estimation amounts to determining simultaneously the spectrum of the underlying stationary process and the deformation breaking its stationarity. To this end, we consider representations of the signal in which this deformation is characterized by a simple operation. Thus, in chapter 2, we are interested in the analysis of locally deformed signals. The deformation describing these signals is simply expressed as a displacement of the wavelet coefficients in the time-scale domain. We take advantage of this property to develop a method for the estimation of these displacements. Then, we propose an instantaneous spectrum estimation algorithm, named JEFAS. In chapter 3, we extend this spectral analysis to multi-sensor signals where the deformation operator takes a matrix form. This is a doubly nonstationary blind source separation problem. In chapter 4, we propose a synthesis approach to study locally deformed signals. Finally, in chapter 5, we construct a time-frequency representation adapted to the description of locally harmonic signals
Gilet, Guillaume. "Ajouts de détails visuels complexes en temps réel pour la synthèse d'images." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6074.
This thesis relates to the field of realistic rendering of synthetic scenes and focuses on the representation of visually realistic objects with a complex mesostructure. This work address the topic by decoupling the rendering of the macrostructure of the object from the rendering of the visual details (the mesostructure). The contributions of these thesis include the conception of a hybrid rasterization/ray casting method using last generation graphics hardware. In practice, the proposed method allows the rendering of a visually complex object while preserving interactive performances. This technique is highlighted through several applications, such as the visualization of large scale volumetric data or the conception of a modelisation/visualisation tool for procedural mesostructures defined by hypertextures. In addition, this thesis also proposes preliminary works on automatic creation of mesostructure by presenting a technique for procedural generation of unstructured color texture by example
Altisen, Karine. "Application de la synthèse de contrôleur à l'ordonnancement de systèmes temps-réel." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0125.
Chamseddine, Ahmad. "Conception et réalisation d'un système d'imagerie passive temps réel à détection directe en gamme millimétrique." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-267.pdf.
Giraud, Olivier André Louis. "Architecture logicielle haute performance pour la simulation temps réel synchrone d'objets physiques multisensoriels : retour d'effort, synthèse de sons, synthèse d'images." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0078.
Necciari, Thibaud. "Masquage auditif temps-fréquence : mesures psychoacoustiques et application à l'analyse-synthèse des sons." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00553006.
Letellier, Laurent. "Synthèse d'images temps réel sur réseau linéaire de processeurs SIMD : algorithmes et architectures." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT143H.
Jesus, Paulo Renato Cardoso de. "Poétique de l'ipse : temps, affection et synthèse dans l'unité du Je théorique kantien." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0096.
The Kantian "theoretical I" constitutes a unifying semantic unity wich produces itself epigenetically. Thus, this spontaneous - poetic - cognitive function appears to be both irreducible to a mere "logical form" and non-identifiable with a "substantial entity". The "I think", transcendental apperception, is a morphogenetic power-force wich unfolds as a continuous - virtually infinite - process of synthesis whose aim is the production of an organic system of knowledge. Its logical modality is necessity and its manner of acting is metaphenomenological ; "to must be capable of accompanying all my representations" means "to institute the act-form of all representation as such", namely their belonging to one and the same self. By questioning Kant with Hume, Leibniz and Fichte, this research attempts to elucidate the inevitable instability of the critical transition to a postmetaphysical Cogito
Boudouani, Nassima. "Architectures reconfigurables dynamiquement : synthèse matérielle d'opérateurs de détection et d'estimation de mouvement temps réel." Cergy-Pontoise, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CERG0201.
The work described in this thesis concerns the real time implementation of motion detection and estimation operators on dynamically reconfigurable FPGA. The motion detector that we studied is based on Markov fields ; it presents variable granularity and its recursive feather prevents its real time implementation. We proposed solutions to break this recursion and we suggested two types of implementations on fine-grained reconfigurable architectures : the dynamic one evaluated on AT40K40 Atmel FPGA, and the static one evaluated on XC4000 and Virtex FPGA. For each solution we detailed the data organization and management. The motion estimators studied are based in block-matching method. The difficulty of the real time implementation of the full search block-matching motion estimator is mainly due to the high quantity of data used in calculation. We evaluated different solutions used to reduce the number of operations or the number of data to process and we demonstrated that their real time implementations are possible on fine-grained reconfigurable circuits like AT40K40. For all applications, we proposed partitioning which takes into account constraints like available computing area, data parallelism, memory bandwidth, and data dependencies between successive configurations. These operators contribute to the Ardoise (Architecture reconfigurable dynamiquement orientée image et signal embarquée) library elaboration and can be used like basics components in other applications like video compression
Mavrocordatos, Constantin. "Étude et réalisation d'un calculateur temps réel pour un radar à synthèse d'ouverture aéroporté." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ESAE0011.
González-Arroyo, Ramón. "Le concept de son en synthèse numérique." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082602.
Guingo, Geoffrey. "Synthèse de texture dynamique sur objets déformables." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAM053.
In virtual worlds, the objects appearance is a crucial point for users immersion. In order to approximate light-matter relationships, a common way is to use textures. To help artists during the creative process, texture synthesis and texture editing methods have emerged. These methods are differentiated by the ranges of synthesizable textures, and especially by taking into account the heterogeneous textures. These textures are composed of several regions with different contents, whose distribution is lead by a global structure. Each of the zones corresponds to a different material having a specific appearance and dynamic behavior.First, we propose an additive model of static textures, allowing on-the-fly synthesis of heterogeneous textures of arbitrary sizes from an example. This method includes a spatially varying Gaussian noise pattern, as well as a mechanism for synchronization with a structure layer. The aim is to improve the variety of synthesis while preserving plausible small details. Our method consists of an analysis phase, composed of a set of algorithms for instantiating the different layers from an example image, then a real-time synthesis step. During synthesis, the two layers are independently generated, synchronized, and added, preserving details consistency even when the structure layer is deformed to increase variety.In a second step, we propose a new approach to model and control the dynamic deformation of textures, whose implementation in the standard graphical pipeline remains simple. The deformation is modeled at pixels resolution in the form of a warping in the parametric domain. Making possible to have a different behavior for each pixel, and thus depending of texture content. The warping is locally and dynamically defined by real-time integration along the flow lines of a pre-calculated velocity field, and can be controlled by the deformation of the underlying surface geometry, by parameters of environment or through interactive editing. In addition, we propose a method to pre-compute the velocity field from a simple scalar map representing heterogeneous dynamic behaviors, as well as a solution to handle sampling problems occurring in overstretched areas at the time. deformation
Olivero, Anaik. "Les multiplicateurs temps-fréquence : Applications à l’analyse et la synthèse de signaux sonores et musicaux." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4788/document.
Analysis/Transformation/Synthesis is a generalparadigm in signal processing, that aims at manipulating or generating signalsfor practical applications. This thesis deals with time-frequencyrepresentations obtained with Gabor atoms. In this context, the complexity of a soundtransformation can be modeled by a Gabor multiplier. Gabormultipliers are linear diagonal operators acting on signals, andare characterized by a time-frequency transfer function of complex values, called theGabor mask. Gabor multipliers allows to formalize the conceptof filtering in the time-frequency domain. As they act by multiplying in the time-frequencydomain, they are "a priori'' well adapted to producesound transformations like timbre transformations. In a first part, this work proposes to model theproblem of Gabor mask estimation between two given signals,and provides algorithms to solve it. The Gabor multiplier between two signals is not uniquely defined and the proposed estimationstrategies are able to generate Gabor multipliers that produce signalswith a satisfied sound quality. In a second part, we show that a Gabor maskcontain a relevant information, as it can be viewed asa time-frequency representation of the difference oftimbre between two given sounds. By averaging the energy contained in a Gabor mask, we obtain a measure of this difference that allows to discriminate different musical instrumentsounds. We also propose strategies to automaticallylocalize the time-frequency regions responsible for such a timbre dissimilarity between musicalinstrument classes. Finally, we show that the Gabor multipliers can beused to construct a lot of sounds morphing trajectories,and propose an extension
Wibaux, Luc. "Une méthode de synthèse d'images échographiques : application à des simulateurs médicaux d'entraînement." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-502.pdf.
Toutefois les performances d'affichage en dépendent, l'intersection entre les rayons et les objets représentant une partie importante des calculs. Une première maquette logicielle nous a permis de montrer la validité de notre méthode. Nous avons ensuite conçu un simulateur pour les amniocentèses. Pour ce simulateur, nous proposons une solution pour que la déformation des organes soit visible. Cette déformation utilise les résultats des calculs du modèle mécanique et la modélisation des organes au repos. Le prototype du simulateur a été présenté à deux conférences médicales. Les spécialistes sont convaincus de l'utilité d'un tel simulateur dans leur formation. Cette thèse décrit une méthode temps-réel de synthèse d'images échographiques qui a été validé sur un cas concret. Elle peut s'appliquer à tout autre simulateur
Tchuenkam, Tchoneng Honoré. "Techniques formelles pour le développement de systèmes de conduite de procédés manufacturiers : abstraction, spécification, synthèse et optimisation." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10413.
Tăutu-Ruhen, Eugène Dumitru. "Art et esprit dans la philosophie de Hegel : essai de synthèse." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT5008.
According to Heidegger, in his book : « On the Way to language », 1976, p. 276, “Any thought which deploys sense is poetry”. This is the starting point in his phenomenological interpretation und testimony of “The criticism of pure reason”. His attempt of an aesthetic synthesis stems from this starting point. The art of the verb aufheben recognises the Assumption of humanity, its History where “the spirit through mankind becomes art”, the price of sacrifice, a priori the only price given the soul. Whether a response from the Being or a demand, whether a Deliverance or a Resurrection, the soul is the only thing that can either create a lifespan or life itself thanks to its tragic enlightening. Is death a transition (by transcendentalism?), the overtaking of the spirit, or tragic summary? The answer lies trapped within the question. One needs to understand the immortality of the soul, one needs to be as clear sighted as the ewe “Miorita”, with a positive ness in word, in action an in accomplishment, saying “Yes” in all our ages, yes to life , yes to universal love, with a craving hunger and thirst for the Truth. We are given the meaning at the end with the poem “About the Being of Wisdom” which is the seventh imaginary answer to the epistolary novel “Bordeaux's Pilgrim”. Third point of trilogy : “THE FAITH OF THE INTELLECTUAL PURITY UND THE IMAGINARY ANSWER” continence five titres : (I) (le titre for the third point of trilogy); (II) THE TRAGIC SPIRIT UND/OR THE CONSUBSTANTIALITY; (III) INTO THE NUMBER OF QUANTITY IN GOLD UND THE PHILOSOPHY OF SPIRIT; (IV)THE PHENOMENOLOGY UND/ OR THE TAUTOLOGY; (V) the poem “ABOUT THE BEING OF WISDOM”, the only text of trilogy present, for to bring into the world und to take on oneself the answer imaginary of faith, by heart to germinate hölderliniens imaginary answer, by The answer at The Hyperion Revelation und at The Phenomenology of Spirit, by the answer in the to by of faith, of Spirit (the exile und the return) at Earth's Wisdom
Delprat, Nathalie. "Analyse temps-fréquence de sons musicaux : exploration d'une nouvelle méthode d'extraction de données pertinentes pour un modèle de synthèse." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX22053.
Jain, Ankit. "Detection on HF radio transmitters using passive geolocation techniques." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IMTA0128/document.
Long-range radio transmission in the HF band can cover large geographical areas using light and mobile equipment. It is therefore well suited for communications during military operations orfor the rapid deployment of an agile communication network during humanitarian operations. In this context, it is important to determine the geographic location of the transmitters by analyzing the electromagnetic communication signals. The aim of the thesis is to develop an alternative, complementary geolocation technique, entitled Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) that has rarely been studied in the case of ionospheric propagation. As a first step, HF geolocation algorithm based on TDoA is setup and analyzed by parametric software simulations. Simulation results demonstrate that increasing the number of receivers leads to a significant improvement in the geolocation accuracy. In order to study the feasibility of a practical HF geolocation system based on TDoA, multiple remotely controllable HF receivers are designed using software defined radio (SDR) modules and a country wide operational receiver network is deployed in France. A concept of cross-channel sounding along with its mathematical description is proposed to evaluate the propagation duration differences between the signals captured by two distinct receivers. Preliminary experimental results show that it is possible to locate the HF transmitters under favorable conditions with a relative geolocation error ranging from about 0.1 to 10% of the actual ground distance. Data captured during the large scale measurement campaign are analyzed statistically to evaluate the performance of the geolocation algorithm and define parameters that could be considered in an operational approach
Desruelles, Guillaume. "Contribution à l'étude d'un système d'imagerie passive en gamme millimétrique en utilisant la technique de synthèse d'ouverture." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10169/document.
The aim of this thesis is to study a passive imaging system in the millimeter range for the remote sensing of lower concealed objects applied to human security. The inoffensive character of the device is ensured by the lack of active emitter devices. The detection is a radiometric remote sensing within a frequency band centered around 140 GHz in order to benefit from the important radiation of the material spectral brightness. To get a clear picture of the observed scene, a single receiver is not enough. We decided to develop a high-resolution interferometric composed of several radiometric I / Q (in-phase and quadrature) receptors. The measurement is based on the principle of synthetic aperture allowing an important spatial resolution while maintaining integrated antennas in order to limit the size of the receivers. In this frequency band, the design of receivers requires the realization of MMIC devices, using the metamorphic HEMT 70 nm on GaAs technology from OMMIC. Their performance allow a precise study of the simulated behavior of receivers, mainly the added errors, in order to facilitate the model for image reconstruction. The architecture of the interferometer reduces the number of receivers used with respect to the resolution of the reconstructed image. The image reconstruction is obtained by band-limited solution of the inverse problem. This work identifies the characteristics of the system in function of the performances associated with applications
Cuesta, Fernand. "Synthèse des ressources de communication pour la conception de systèmes embarqués temps réel flots de données." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE5659.
Bohé, Julien. "Administration intraveineuse continue d'acides aminés et synthèse protéique musculaire chez l'homme : études temps- et dose-réponse." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10003.
Bouthors, Antoine. "Rendu réaliste de nuages en temps réel." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10099.
Video games and visual effects have always the need for more realistic images of natural scenes, including clouds. Traditional computer graphics methods involve expensive computations which currently limits their realism. In this thesis we propose new approaches for the rendering of clouds that are both realistic and fast. These goals are achieved using a methodology relying on both physical and phenomenological approaches. In the first part of this thesis we study the clouds from the point of view of a human observer, which allows us to identify the important visual features that characterize clouds. These features are the ones we seek to reproduce in order to achieve realism. In the second part we conduct an experimental study of light transport in a slab of cloud using the laws of radiative transfer. This study allows us to better understand the physics of light transport in clouds at a mesoscopic and macroscopic scale, to find the origin of the visual features of clouds, and to derive new, efficient phenomenological models of light transport. In the third part we propose two new methods for the rendering of clouds based on the findings of our study. The first model is aimed at stratiform clouds and achieves realistic rendering in real-time. The second model is aimed at culumiform clouds and achieves realistic rendering in interactive time. These models are optimized for graphics hardware. The quality of our results and models are discussed and we sketch directions for future research that can improve both the speed and the realism of our methods
Bouthors, Antoine. "Rendu réaliste de nuages en temps réel." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00319974.
Boubekeur, Tamy. "Traitement Hiérarchique, Edition et Synthèse de Géométrie Numérisée." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260917.
Chaillou, Christophe. "Étude d'un processeur de visualisation d'images de synthèse en temps réel exploitant un parallélisme massif objet : le projet I.M.O.G.E.N.E." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10024.
Roger, David. "Réflexions spéculaires en temps interactif dans les scènes dynamiques." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10082.
Specular and glossy reflections are very important for our perception of 3D scenes, as they convey information on the shapes and the materials of the objects, as well as new view angles. They are commonly rendered using environment maps, with poor accuracy. We have designed more precise algorithms, under the constraints of interactive rendering and dynamic scenes, to allow applications such as video games or dynamic walk-through. We propose two methods for specular reflections. The first relies on rasterization and computes the position of the reflection of each vertex of the scene, by optimizing iteratively the length of the light paths. Then, the fragment shader interpolates linearly between the vertices. This method can represent parallax and all view dependent effects, and is better suited to smooth and convex reflectors. The second is a GPU ray tracing algorithm using a hierarchy of rays: the primary rays are rendered with rasterization, and the secondary rays are grouped hierarchically into cones to form a quad-tree that is rebuilt at each frame. The ray hierarchy is then intersected with all the triangles of the scene in parallel. That method is slightly slower, but more general and more accurate. We have extended this ray tracing algorithm to cone tracing supporting glossy reflections and continuous anti-aliasing. Our ray and cone tracing techniques have been implemented under the stream processing model in order to use the GPU efficiently. In that context, we developed a new hierarchical stream reduction algorithm that is a key step of many other applications and has a better asymptotic complexity than previous methods
Roger, David. "Réflexions spéculaires en temps interactif dans les scènes dynamiques." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00326792.
Nous proposons deux méthodes pour les réflexions spéculaires. La première est basée sur la rasterization et calcule la position du reflet de chaque sommet de la scène, en optimisant itérativement la longueur des chemins lumineux. Ensuite, le fragment shader interpole lin´eairement entre les sommets. Cette méthode représente les effets de parallaxe ou dépendants du point de vue, et est mieux adaptée aux réflecteurs lisses et convexes. La deuxième est un algorithme de lancer de rayons sur GPU qui utilise une hiérarchie de rayons : les rayons primaires sont rendus par rasterization, puis les rayons secondaires sont regroup´es hiérarchiquement en cônes pour former un quad-tree qui est reconstruit à chaque image. La hiérarchie de rayons est ensuite intersectée avec tous les triangles de la scène en parallèle. Cette méthode est légèrement plus lente, mais plus générale et plus précise. Nous avons étendu cet algorithme de lancer de rayons en un lancer de cônes capable de modéliser les réflexions brillantes et un anti-crénelage continu.
Nos techniques de lancer de rayons et de cones ont été implémentées dans le modèle de programmation du traitement de flux, pour une bonne efficacité de la carte graphique. Dans ce contexte, nous avons développé un nouvel algorithme hiérarchique de réduction de flux qui est une étape clé de beaucoup d?autres applications et qui a une meilleure complexité asymptotique que les méthodes précédentes.
Curfs, Caroline. "Etudes résolues en temps de la synthèse auto-propagée de composés du système aluminium-nickel-titane-carbone." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE10082.
Lostanlen, Vincent. "Opérateurs convolutionnels dans le plan temps-fréquence." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEE012/document.
This dissertation addresses audio classification by designing signal representations which satisfy appropriate invariants while preserving inter-class variability. First, we study time-frequencyscattering, a representation which extract modulations at various scales and rates in a similar way to idealized models of spectrotemporal receptive fields in auditory neuroscience. We report state-of-the-artresults in the classification of urban and environmental sounds, thus outperforming short-term audio descriptors and deep convolutional networks. Secondly, we introduce spiral scattering, a representationwhich combines wavelet convolutions along time, along log-frequency, and across octaves. Spiral scattering follows the geometry of the Shepard pitch spiral, which makes a full turn at every octave. We study voiced sounds with a nonstationary sourcefilter model where both the source and the filter are transposed through time, and show that spiral scattering disentangles and linearizes these transpositions. Furthermore, spiral scattering reaches state-of-the-art results in musical instrument classification ofsolo recordings. Aside from audio classification, time-frequency scattering and spiral scattering can be used as summary statistics for audio texture synthesis. We find that, unlike the previously existing temporal scattering transform, time-frequency scattering is able to capture the coherence ofspectrotemporal patterns, such as those arising in bioacoustics or speech, up to anintegration scale of about 500 ms. Based on this analysis-synthesis framework, an artisticcollaboration with composer Florian Hecker has led to the creation of five computer music
Tria, Mohamed. "Imagerie Radar à Synthèse d'Ouverture (RSO) Par Analyse En Ondelettes Continues Multidimensionnelles." Phd thesis, Paris 11, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011181.
The thesis work was about the " Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging by using the multidimensional continuous wavelet analysis ". This work consisted in establishing time-frequency methods in the SAR domain. The principle of the SAR imaging consists in irradiating a ground zone with electromagnetic waves emitted by the radar antenna. This zone contains several reflectors belonging to one or several targets. While the airborne is moving on its flight path, the antenna emits periodically impulses which reach the whole targets located on the irradiated zone. A non-negligible part of each impulse is reflected by the target and received by the radar. The whole collected data will be used to form a high resolution image of the illuminated zone thanks to an algorithm of image reconstruction. The classical imaging methods assume that the reflectors are isotropic (they behaves the same way regardless the aspect under wich they are viewed) and white (they have the same properties within the emitted bandwidth). Unfortunately, new capacities in SAR imaging (large bandwidth, large angular excursions of analysis) makes these assumptions obsolete. The purpose of the thesis work consisted in developing a time-frequency method based on the use of continuous wavelets allowing to highlight the anisotropic and coloration effects of the irradiated points. This kind of analysis is based on the concept of hyperimage which allows to associate to each pixel an energetic response which is a function of the aspect and the frequency. The algorithm allowing to implant the continuous wavelet transform is based on the Fourier transform. Hence, this algorithm is not expensive in terms of time calculation by using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). .
Debunne, Gilles. "Animation multirésolution d'objets déformables en temps-réel : application à la simulation chirurgicale." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006740.
Pouget, Maël. "Synthèse incrémentale de la parole à partir du texte." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT008/document.
In this thesis, we investigate a new paradigm for text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) allowing to deliver synthetic speech while the text is being inputted : incremental text-to-speech synthesis. Contrary to conventional TTS systems, that trigger the synthesis after a whole sentence has been typed down, incremental TTS devices deliver speech in a ``piece-meal'' fashion (i.e. word after word) while aiming at preserving the speech quality achievable by conventional TTS systems.By reducing the waiting time between two speech outputs while maintaining a good speech quality, such a system should improve the quality of the interaction for speech-impaired people using TTS devices to express themselves.The main challenge brought by incremental TTS is the synthesis of a word, or of a group of words, with the same segmental and supra-segmental quality as conventional TTS, but without knowing the end of the sentence to be synthesized. In this thesis, we propose to adapt the two main modules (natural language processing and speech synthesis) of a TTS system to the incremental paradigm.For the natural language processing module, we focused on part-of-speech tagging, which is a key step for phonetization and prosody generation. We propose an ``adaptive latency algorithm'' for part-of-speech tagging, that estimates if the inferred part-of-speech for a given word (based on the n-gram approach) is likely to change when adding one or several words. If the Part-of-speech is considered as likely to change, the synthesis of the word is delayed. In the other case, the word may be synthesized without risking to alter the segmental or supra-segmental quality of the synthetic speech. The proposed method is based on a set of binary decision trees trained over a large corpus of text. We achieve 92.5% precision for the incremental part-of-speech tagging task and a mean delay of 1.4 words.For the speech synthesis module, in the context of HMM-based speech synthesis, we propose a training method that takes into account the uncertainty about contextual features that cannot be computed at synthesis time (namely, contextual features related to the following words). We compare the proposed method to other strategies (baselines) described in the literature. Objective and subjective evaluation show that the proposed method outperforms the baselines for French.Finally, we describe a prototype developed during this thesis implementing the proposed solution for incremental part-of-speech tagging and speech synthesis. A perceptive evaluation of the word grouping derived from the proposed adaptive latency algorithm as well as the segmental quality of the synthetic speech tends to show that our system reaches a good trade-off between reactivity (minimizing the waiting time between the input and the synthesis of a word) and speech quality (both at segmental and supra-segmental levels)
Gubanova, Elena Leonidovna. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation de l'oxydation partielle du méthane en gaz de synthèse sur réacteur catalytique monolithique à temps courts." Lyon 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/52/74/46/PDF/GUBANOVA-final.pdf.
The main objective of the thesis was to develop a monolith-type structured reactor for the efficient catalytic partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas. The investigated catalysts comprised Pt as noble or Ni as base metal supported on CeO2-ZrO2 mixed oxides introduced as wall coatings of corundum monolith substrates. It was possible to elucidate the effect of different dopants modifying the mixed oxide on oxygen storage properties and to establish the impact of process parameters on the CPOM performance of single monolith channels at short contact times. A mechanistic study revealed important factors, like surface and bulk adspecies nature and dynamics, the interaction between Pt and CeO2-ZrO2 playing a key role for catalyst activity. Kinetic experiments demonstrated that Pt is required for reforming reactions and showed a significant reactivity of the doped CeO2-ZrO2 support in the oxidative methane activation. A mathematical description of the experimental data was achieved with a model accounting mainly for the activity of Pt. The later was found significantly higher than that of the support although TAP investigations indicated that a more oxidized catalyst shows higher methane activation rates
Preux, Alain. "Antialiassage en synthèse d'images, état de l'art et proposition de méthodes temps réel pour les bords de polygones." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10033.
Landès, Matthieu. "Utilisation des corrélations du bruit en sismologie : tomographie passive et étude de distributions de sources de bruit." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GLOB0012.
Recent studies show the possibility to extract the Green’s function between two locations by correlating a random wavefield recorded by receivers located at these points. Applied to seismology, the feasibility of this approach is illustrated by the study of ambient seismic noise correlations during long periods that results in reconstructing the “surface wave” part of Green’s functions. This provides us with a new way of passive imaging of the Earth structure by measuring and inverting velocities of seismic waves propagating between pairs of stations of a seismic network. However, applicability of this approach result is closely related to the properties of seismic noise that may be different in different regions. The research that I present consists of four separate studies. The first study aims to apply the technique of passive tomography in an oceanic environment to infer the structure of the lower crust and upper mantle below Iceland. The second study is based on observations of noise correlations containing signals that are not parts of the Green’s function but results from ballistic teleseismic body waves generated by distant oceanic storms. By applying a network analysis to these signals, we can locate their sources distribution and to determine unambiguously that they are preferentially generated in deep oceans. The third study examines the feasibility of using the seismic noise correlation at the seafloor to infer to the shear velocity distribution of the top 30 m. Finally, in addition to this seismic noise problem, I will present a final original study that shows the use of dispersion curves and Time-Frequency diagram to estimate the speed of earthquake rupture Koxokili of November 2001