Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Synthèse guidée'
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Laurent, Gautier. "Synthèse de nanoparticules multifonctionnelles pour la radiothérapie guidée par imagerie." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA2025/document.
Full textThe original properties of nanoparticles make them extremely attractive in the field of oncology. In fast, gold nanoparticles coated by macrocyclic ligands allow imaging and therapy with only one object. Therefore, multifunctional platforms are very promising for image-guided therapy, winch constitutes an important step towards personalization of treatment. This consists of stimulating the therapeutic activity of the nanoparticles when their accumulation is high within the tumor zone and low in healthy tissues. A higher selectivity of the treatment is therefore expected. Biodistribution study by SPECT/CT has shown free circulation, renal elimination and a moderate retention by the liver of the nanoparticles. However, this retention is not due to the opsonisation processus. The MRI study of rats' brain carrying a gliosarcoma has shown an accumulation of nanoparticles Au@FADOTAGA-Gd in the tumor. Moreover, the co-labeling of these nanoparticles by Ge and 64Cts2+was successfully performed. As a result, PET/MRI images, a much researched combination but rarely achieved, were acquired on the same animal alter intravenous injection of the co-labeled nanoparticles. The radiosensitizing character of nanoparticles Au@TADOTAGA was confirmed by the follow up of tumor growth alter a treatment by MRT (microbeam irradiation) 15 minutes after intratumoral injection of nanoparticles. The therapeutic gain of this treatment has been validated by MRT 24 hours after intravenous injection of nanoparticles to rats carrying gliosarcoma (radioresistant tumor in radiosensitive organ)
Alric, Christophe. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanoparticules d'or multifonctionnelles pour la radiothérapie guidée par imagerie." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10175.
Full textRadiation therapy is nowadays one of the most common treatments in the fight against cancer, in spite of its lack of selectivity in tissue destruction. A better selectivity is expected to be achieved when radiosensitizing nanoparticles are used for enhancing the dose effects of the ionizing radiations. The aim of this PhD work is to synthesize and to characterize multifunctional gold nanoparticles (Au@DTDTPA), detectable in vivo through various techniques such as by X-ray imaging, MRI and y-ray scintigraphy, as well as evaluating their capability to be used as image-guided radiosensitizing agents to treat tumors. The biodistribution of the Au@DTDTPA nanoparticles in healthy rats is monitored by X-ray imaging, MRI and y-imaging and shows that they freely circulate in the blood flow without being detected by the immune system and that they are excreted by the urine through renal filtration. In the case of cerebral tumor bearing rats, the gold nanoparticles accumulate temporarily in the tumoral zone before being eliminated by urine. The radiosensitizing behavior of the Au@DTDTPA nanoparticles was demonstrated in vitro using the comet assay, by quantifying the increase of DNA strand breaks caused to nanoparticle-labeled U87 human glioblastoma cells, compared to the unlabeled cells. The capability of these nanoparticles to increase the effects of ionizing radiations was then shown in vivo with rats bearing aggressive bone tumors (osteosarcoma). When an intratumoral injection of Au@DTDTPA nanoparticles was performed before the tumor irradiation, the rats' median survival time was prolonged and the tumor reappearance was differed, compared to the control groups. The MRI monitoring of the accumulation of the Au@DTDTPA nanoparticles on the tumoral site of gliosarcome 9L bearing rats after intravenous injection permitted the irradiation by X-ray microbeams when the nanoparticles distribution was favorable. The median survival time of nanoparticle treated rats was indeed extended compared to the control groups. This work therefore showed the possibility to use Au@DTDTPA nanoparticles combining imagery and therapy features as image-guided radiosensitizing agents to treat tumors. The increase of the retention time of Au@DTDTPA nanoparticles within the tumor site could prolong threated rats’ lifespan
Courty, Nicolas. "Contributions aux schémas d'Analyse/Synthèse en Animation par ordinateur." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00861836.
Full textAl-Hakawati, al-Dakkak Oumayma. "Extraction automatique de paramètres formantiques guidée par le contexte et élaboration de règles de synthèse." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0056.
Full textSagne, Jérôme. "Etude expérimentale d'antennes synthétiques utilisant des fibres en silice : Stabilisation d'un réseau d'antennes en réception : Contrôle interférométrique du pointé d'un système en émission." Limoges, 2004. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/d2884e2c-adb0-4070-884f-70a0990acc8b/blobholder:0/2004LIMO0040.pdf.
Full textThe use of synthesize aperture setup offers undeniable advantages moreover for realizing high angular resolution receiving as for transmitting setup. In this kind of instrument, the optical path on the different interferometric arms of the array must be controlled with high accuracy in order to allow the setup to work in coherent mode. This manuscript presents the laboratory implementation of two synthesize aperture setup which the goal is to be used; as a receiver for the first and as a transmitter for the second. The first study has consisting in implementing an external metrology setup of a synthesize antenna destined to observed stellar objects. This project takes place within the framework of a spatial instrument using fibred technique available in our laboratory. This study is particularly focused on the control of the path difference between the source and the telescope focus. This function is achieved among other by the servo control of the position of the different aperture of the setup in the wave plane of the observed object by using an interferometric method. The experimental setup composed of two apertures spaced of two meters allows obtaining interference fringes with contrasts varying between 85% and 92 %. The principle of positioning of the apertures in the wave plane of the scientific source has been validated in this study. The second study has consisting in realizing a transmitting synthesize antenna composed of a lenses array fed by optical fibre. In a first time, a two lenses array has been experimentally implemented and has shown the possibility to realize the pointing of the antenna with several steps in a range of 138 μ rad. In a second time, an error signal destined to servo control the optical path difference between the two arms of the antenna has been obtained. The results on the error signal shows that the optical path residual fluctuation will stay lower than λ/32 in the case of open loop. This fluctuation stays lower than λ/24 error from which we can notice a notable deterioration of the diffraction pattern of the antenna
Barberot, Chantal. "Vers un nouvel outil d'étude de la reconnaissance hôte-ligand : conception de nouveaux inhibiteurs de PDE4 guidée par docking quantique, synthèse et évaluation biologique." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS013/document.
Full textFor the research of new treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the PDE4 inhibitors are an attractive target. Our laboratory is interested in a new PDE4 inhibitors family based on the pyridazinone pattern. For this purpose, this thesis couples molecular modeling (docking: methodological development and application), organic synthesis and biological tests.First, the development of the molecular docking software AlgoGen was continued. AlgoGen (initially created at university of Lorraine in 2009) is a program which couples a genetic algorithm for the conformational research and a protein-ligand energy evaluation at the quantum semi-empirical level while other software do this evaluation at a classical level. Quantum energy calculations are very time consuming. That is the reason why some modifications have been made to improve its efficiency for the conformational search. This software was then used for calculations on a set of 22 dimers (typical in biological molecular recognition) as well on 8 ligand-protein complexes.Secondly, eight inhibitors were synthesized and tested in vitro on the PDE4 target. To complete the experimental part, a structure-activity relationship study was carried out through a molecular docking to rationalize the measured activity (IC50). Finally, pharmaco-modulations guided by docking were made to propose new inhibitors with more affinity with the protein
Garlatti, Laura. "Development of Bunyavirales endonucleases inhibitors by in situ click chemistry." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0586.
Full textWith a worldwide repartition and limited therapeutic options Bunyavirales viruses represent a major public health issue. The replication machinery of these viruses is governed by the intricate L-protein that displays an endonuclease activity responsible for the cap-snatching mechanism that allows viral transcription. This key enzyme was identified as a promising target to develop antivirals. Its catalytic mechanism of RNA hydrolysis mediated by Mg2+ ions enables the development of diketo acid (DKA) metal-chelating inhibitors. Target-Guided-Synthesis (TGS) is a powerful method that directly involves the therapeutic target that assembles its own inhibitors in its active site like LEGOs®. Herein, we describe the use of Bunyavirales endonucleases as reaction vessels for the In Situ generation of metal-chelating inhibitors. A library of 25 N-triazolyl-DKA (NT-DKA), C-triazolyl-DKA (CT-DKA) and C-triazolyl-DHP (CT-DHP) compounds was generated with new and original synthesis pathways via click chemistry. The compounds were biophysically characterized by Microscale Thermophoresis (MST) and Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF) and their inhibitory potency was evaluated in vitro and in infected cells culture. Moreover, a fluorescein-DKA ligand was synthesized for the development of a competition Fluorescence Polarization (FP) assay to determine the activity of the compounds. High-affinity ligands that demonstrated a potent efficiency in vitro and in cellula were identified. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the compounds library was repositioned against SARS-CoV-2 exonuclease which opened new possibilities for the development of metal-chelating Coronavirus inhibitors
Obszynski, Julie. "Conception et synthèse d'aminoglycosides guidées par l'ARN." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF018.
Full textThe development of new antibiotics is a major public health issue. Given the high potential of aminoglycosides as antibiotics, these compounds have aroused great interest in many research groups. However, despite their maturity, their use is still limited because of their toxicity and the increasing development of resistance mechanisms to aminoglycosides. To better understand the problems inherent to their use, it is crucial to understand their action a cellular level, and to study the interactions with their molecular targets (RNA and protein). In addition to their antibiotic power, aminoglycosides are also universal ligands for several RNAs, capable of specific interactions with RNAs of HIV-1: DIS, TAR and RRE. The elaboration of modified aminoglycosides presents a huge advantage because the domain of application, and therefore the benefits, are important. Nevertheless, the structural complexity of these molecules is a major constraint, chemoselective functionalization is essential but unfortunately poorly described in the literature.In this work, we developed two approaches to target the DIS and/or the A site of the bacterialribosome. The first one, unique but challenging is based on the concept of in situ click chemistry. The second approach is conventional and is based on the selective functionalization of some keypositions of aminoglycosides
Darzacq, Xavier. "Etude des petits ARN guides de méthylation en 2 -O-ribose et guides de pseudouridylation : Biogénèse, fonction et organisation nucléaire des petits ARN guides." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30042.
Full textKhlifi, Soumaya. "Nanomatériaux hybrides luminescents à clusters de métaux de transition : synthèse, mise en forme et modulation des propriétés optiques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S091.
Full textPhotoluminescent materials are playing a major role in applications related to photonics, optoelectronics or lighting. Combining them with polymers allows the design of easy-to-shape-functional materials with enhanced application versatility. Related to this, hybrid materials composed of an organic polymer matrix containing strongly luminescent octahedral metal clusters were prepared. Octahedral metal clusters have several advantages: a deep luminescence in the red and the near-IR region, a high quantum yield, a large Stokes shift and no photobleaching or photoblinking effects. As organic host matrices, PMMA and PDMS were used because of their optical and mechanical properties in addition to their thermal stability. However, a prerequisite for realizing hybrid materials is to homogeneously introduce the ceramic inorganic emitter in the organic polymer to avoid segregation-phase phenomena. For this purpose, several integration approaches were developed to prepare new hybrid materials. Meanwhile, spectroscopic analysis were performed on these hybrids demonstrating their huge potential. Actually, these hybrids were used to design a self-erasable inkless light-imprinting material when the hybrid is combined with an organic fluorophore, and 1D- and 2D-waveguides. The 1D-waveguides can be applied for integrated photonics while 2D-waveguides combined with liquid-crystals lead to a new luminescent PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) material for Luminescent Solar Concentrator technology
Joardar, Archi. "GUIDE RNA-DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT tRNA MODIFICATIONS IN ARCHAEA." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/625.
Full textAkrout, Samir. "Comportement dynamique déterministe et large bande des structures guidées." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ECDL0045.
Full textThe accent was carried, within the framework of this thesis, on the multimode propagation of the guided waves structures, and their modelling in a relarively broad frequencies field (low and medium frequency). The adopted approach is based on a propagative method coupled to a finite element model. It makes it possible to evaluate the propagation constants and to characterize the propagation of energy in theses structures. Thanks to the introduction of the waveguide assumption, it results in solving an eigenvalues system with order 2. An algorithm of classification of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors (associates with the waves modes) is used to determine the dispersion curves, group velocities and the mode shapes. This method was validated by comparison with experimental results test in the case of a stiffened plate. Moreover, these results agree and generalize of other literature results
Boudiombo, Jean. "Etude et caractérisation optique linéaire et non-linéaire de films minces de nitrure de bore (BN) par ondes guidées." Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/Boudiombo.Jean.SMZ9828.pdf.
Full textARAMAKI, Mitsuko. "Analyse-synthèse de sons impulsifs : approches physique et perceptive." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005491.
Full textDrouin, Antoine. "Contribution à la synthèse de lois de pilotage et de guidage pour les minidrones." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985428.
Full textCracowski, Jean-Marc. "Synthèse et caractérisation de (co)polymères halogénés pour l’optique linéaire : application à la réalisation d’un guide d’onde." Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1024.pdf.
Full textThere is a great potential for the use of polymeric materials for communication systems and considerable interest has been focused on polymer waveguides because of their fabrication process at low temperature, their tunable optical and mechanical properties, and mass production possibility. Among the polymeric materials developed as potential waveguides, fluorinated polymers are of particular interest because of their unique properties. This work reports the synthesis and the characterization of halogenated acrylic (co)polymers. New acrylic monomers, alpha, beta-difluoroacrylic acid and hexachloroisopropyl alpha-fluoroacrylate, have been synthesized and their polymerization has been studied. Several series of copolymers have been obtained from alpha-fluoroacrylates, alpha-trifluoromethacrylates and a fluorinated vinyl ether leading to materials with an high Tg (> 110 °C), a good thermal stability (Td > 300 °C) and a broad range of refractive indices, in agreement with the aimed application. Finally, a poly(2,2,2-trichloroethyl alpha-fluoroacrylate) waveguide has been realized and its properties in terms of optical absorption and process have been studied
Cayrefourcq, Ian. "Conception et fabrication de matrices de commutation optique en vue de la réalisation de modules de synthèse de retards temporels." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-387.pdf.
Full textBouadi, Hakim. "Contribution à la Synthèse de Lois de Commande pour le Guidage des Avions de Transport." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00974871.
Full textGaranger, Elisabeth. "Conception, synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux systèmes de guidage et de vectorisation pour la cancérologie." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10071.
Full textProliferating endothelial cells, but not quiescent endothelial cells, over-express the alphaV beta3 integrin (aVb3). This receptor has thus become an attractive target to reach tumour neo-angiogenesis and to prevent tumour progression and metastasis. For this purposes, we designed and studied a new bi-functional synthetic vector named RAFT(c[-RGDfK-])4. The core of the vector is composed of a cyclic decapeptide scaffold (RAFT) presenting two distinct domains. These allow the spatial separation of both functions of the vector and prevent the molecules from the lower face to interfere with the targeting functions. Multivalent presentation of cyclo[-RGDfK-] peptides provides the targeting duty and ensure multivalent interactions of the vector with the target receptors. Convergent synthesis of RAFT(c[-RGDfK-])4 was achieved through efficient chemoselective oxime ligations. Conjugation of the vector with diverse detection molecules (biotin, fluorescein, cyanin 5) allowed its biological evaluation in vitro and in vivo. RAFT(c[-RGDfK-])4 proved to induce aVb3 integrin clustering on HEK293(b3) cells. Its cellular uptake was shown to occur through a receptor-mediated endocytosis. When administered systemically to immuno-deficient mice, (Cy5)RAFT(c[-RGDfK-])4 detected solid tumours as well as disseminated metastasis. In order to increase its therapeutic efficacy, we conjugated RAFT(c[-RGDfK-])4 to various cytotoxic drugs. (KLAKLAK)2 peptide, doxorubicin and A chain of ricin were linked through disulfide bridge allowing their release into the target cells
Miquel, Thierry. "Contribution à la synthèse de lois de commande pour la navigation relative entre aéronefs." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933491.
Full textLabéguerie-Egea, Jessica. "Synthèses par chimie douce de fluorures dopés terre rares pour applications optiques." Paris 6, 2007. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003621.
Full textThis work is dedicated to fluoride compounds doped with rare earth ions synthesized by two soft chemistry processes : sol-gel and reverse micelles in non-aqueous medium. The sol-gel synthesis (dissolution of metal acetates in trifluoroacetic acid and isopropanol) was realised to obtain waveguides for amplification at 1. 54 m thanks to erbium doping. The K3InF6 sols allowed the characterization by X-ray structure resolution on single-crystal of the organometallic precursors leading to the fluoride. The PbF2 :Yb-Er films (dip-coating of the sol) allowed the propagation of a 632. 8 nm laser with losses of 5 dB/cm. The reverse micelles, developed on known systems, are constituted with polystyrene (surfactant), tetrahydrofuran (major solvent) and isopropanol (inner solvent). Small-angle neutrons scattering experiments showed shell-type micelles (r = 2 to 5 nm). The nanoparticles diameter goes from 3 to 35 nm, as a function of the rare earth rate, the counter-ion (NO3- or AcO-) and the fluoride compound (PbF2 or CaF2). Particles of PbF2 :Yb-Er used as nanoprobes allowed in near-field optical-scanning microscopy the observation of objects with a resolution of 150 nm
Clément, Benoît. "Synthèse de copolymères à blocs amphiphiles comme précurseurs de guides tubulaires pour la réparation nerveuse périphérique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX1A081.
Full textThiS work aims to design and evaluate a bioresorbable nerve guide channel in order to develop a novel strategy for peripheral nervous system repair. To find an altenative to the autologous nerve graft which is the current clinical Gold Standard, the nerve guide channel we developed is made of poly(D,L-Iactide-b-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PLA-b-PHEA) block copolymer. The synthesis of the PLA-b-PHEA diblock copolymer combine Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) of D. L-Iactide and Nitroxyde-Mediated Polymerization (NMP) of HEA monomer. Our approach to obtain this block copolymer relies on the preparation of SG1-terminated PLA macro-alkoxyamine for further initiation of the NMP of HEA. More precisely, an acrylated end-capped PLA was flrst prepared by ROP of D,L-lactide using HEA monomer as initiator and tin (II) octanoate (Sn(Oct)2) as catalyst. The PLA α-acrylate was further in volved in intermolecular 1,2 radical addition (1,2 IRA) with the MAMA-SG1 macro-alkoxyamine (BlocBuilder) with a high functionnalization yield (90%). The NMP of HEA from this macro-alkoxyamine led to the block copolymers. The cytocompatibility of the PLA-b-PHEA diblock copolymer was checked by quantitative measurement of the Schwann cells adhesion and an increase of 25% of cell density was measured on the PLA-b-PHIEA 85/15 wt % copolymer compared to homo-PLA selected as reference (ANOVA, p = 0,069). Ln vitro and in vivo (rat) degradation studies showed that the increase of PHEA hydrophilic compound proportion in the copolymer accelerates the material weight loss of material and it was possible to tune the degradation kinetics of the biomaterial by varying the PLA/PHEA ratio. Finally, a experimental device to produce nanofibers by electrostatic way was used to prepare tridimensionnal tubular guide with 15 mm length, 1 mm diameter and 0. 1 mm thickness with a fibrous structure close to natural extra-cellular matrix
Tao, Jun Wu. "Contribution à la caractérisation des discontinuités en microondes et application à la synthèse de filtres." Toulouse, INPT, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPT077H.
Full textBensa, Julien. "Analyse et synthèse de sons de piano par modèles physiques et de signaux." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003588.
Full textKienel, Enrico [Verfasser], Guido [Akademischer Betreuer] Brunnett, Guido [Gutachter] Brunnett, and Gerik [Gutachter] Scheuermann. "Algorithmen der Bildanalyse und -synthese für große Bilder und Hologramme / Enrico Kienel ; Gutachter: Guido Brunnett, Gerik Scheuermann ; Betreuer: Guido Brunnett." Chemnitz : Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1214244769/34.
Full textSauvaget, Catherine. "De la synthèse d'images expressive aux effets bande déssinée : vers un outil d'aide à la création artistique." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083398.
Full textWe present a tool for assisting artistic creation which produce a wide variety of image stylizations with “comics” effects. The system gives to the user an important role in the control of stylization. Starting from an artistic analysis, we propose a system based on the most important criteria in the artistic process of picture creation. We present models coming up to artists expectations. First, we present a model semi-automatically generating a depth map to stylize images while avoiding depth problems. It can also produce atmospheres used by artists to induce specific psychological effects to the observer. Then, we propose two models showing the interest of harmonizing images and using the contrast of quantity defined by Johannes Itten. The first one ensures this harmony in images like photographs or illustrations; based on the same harmony, the second one offers, by extension, a coloring aid for sketches to obtain harmonious images at the early stages of creation. Our last model deals with the effects of light contained in the images. It allows to stylize different kinds of lighting effects by moving, reshaping or giving them a style developed from well-known artistic movements. We conclude with our tool contributions and we present possible improvements as well as our plans for the future
Bonnaud-Lamotte, Danielle. "Du double langage aux ecrivains-guides des annees 1900-1945 (intitule du document de synthese des travaux)." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030133.
Full textIn the little book from dual language to the guiding riters of 1900-1945 are summed up all my printed and already published works. They deal with : my progressive process of computer-assisted studies : ellao, 1989, 158 p. And their bearing on the study of franch writers devoted to, they themsevles defined, as a socio-cultural revolution, from 1900 to 1945. V. Charles peguy devant 'la revolution sociale', 1992, 308 p. And my "recueil factice en litterature comparee", 1992, 104 p. The research on the reception of charles peguy in russia and the ussr, between 1900 and 1970, has stressed the need for unveiling adual language also spoken, in france even, within cultured social groups. The use of the first software programs for lexical studies, with the contribution of the political. Lexicon laboratory, at the ens of saint-cloud, from 1973 to 1992, has helped discovering the real meaning of the thinking of writers such as peguy, barbusse, breton, poulaille, crevel and others
Al, Hakawati Al Dakkak Oumayma. "Extraction automatique de paramètres formantiques guidée par le contexte et élaboration de règles de synthèse." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614205t.
Full textFranc, Anne-laure. "Lignes de propagation intégrées à fort facteur de qualité en technologie CMOS. Application à la synthèse de circuits passifs millimétriques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625474.
Full textJana, Sujata. "STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STUDIES OF ARCHAEAL BOX C/D GUIDE RNA AND ROLE OF A PUTATIVE HUMAN PSEUDOURIDINE SYNTHASE, PUS10 IN APOPTOSIS." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1362.
Full textFranc, Anne-Laure. "Lignes de propagation intégrées à fort facteur de qualité en technologie CMOS. Application à la synthèse de circuits passifs millimétriques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT039/document.
Full textThis work focuses on high-performance S-CPW (Shielded CoPlanar Waveguide) transmissionlines in classical CMOS integrated technologies for the millimeter-wave frequency band.Thanks to an important slow-wave phenomenon, the physical length of S-CPW decreases by afactor from 1.3 to 3.2 compared with classical transmission lines. Presenting also lowattenuation loss, the developed transmission lines show very high quality factor (higher than 40at 60 GHz). The precise study of the electromagnetism field leads to an electrical model forS-CPWs. This is the first model that takes the losses in this topology into account. Then, somebasic passive circuits designed with S-CPWs and characterized up to 110 GHz are presented invarious CMOS technologies. The low insertion losses and relative low surfaces of a powerdivider and a passband filter show the great interest of S-CPW to integrate compact passivecircuits in classical CMOS technologies at millimeter-wave frequencies
mukhopadhyay, shaoni. "STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STUDIES OF ARCHAEAL SMALL GUIDE RNAS AND THE ROLES OF HUMAN PSEUDOURIDINE SYNTHASES FOR Ψ55 FORMATION IN tRNAS." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1785.
Full textZerar, Madjid. "CONTRIBUTION À LA CARACTÉRISATION LPV D'UNE CLASSE DE SYSTÈMES NON LINÉAIRES POUR LA SYNTHÈSE DE LOIS DE POURSUITE ROBUSTE. APPLICATION À UN SYSTÈME SPATIAL." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012135.
Full textThomas, Sherine Elizabeth. "Targeting Mycobacterium abscessus infection in cystic fibrosis : a structure-guided fragment-based drug discovery approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/289126.
Full textBauer, Jessica [Verfasser], and Guido [Akademischer Betreuer] Kickelbick. "Synthese, chemische Dealkaliierung und Sodiierung von potentiellen Kathodenmaterialien auf Basis von Li- und Na-haltigen Vanadaten und Übergangsmetallphosphaten / Jessica Bauer ; Betreuer: Guido Kickelbick." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1177032635/34.
Full textBauer, Jessica Verfasser], and Guido [Akademischer Betreuer] [Kickelbick. "Synthese, chemische Dealkaliierung und Sodiierung von potentiellen Kathodenmaterialien auf Basis von Li- und Na-haltigen Vanadaten und Übergangsmetallphosphaten / Jessica Bauer ; Betreuer: Guido Kickelbick." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:291--ds-276798.
Full textBoutheiller, Nicolas. "Analyse et synthèse par optimisation basée sur l'algorithme génétique de filtres en guide d'ondes rectangulaire : Application à la conception de filtres multi-modes utilisant le résonance des modes à leur fréquence de coupure." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12542.
Full textLizzul-Jurse, Antoine. "Développement de nouvelles réactions de click in situ appliquées à la synthése d'inhibiteurs de la β-sécrétase." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR020.
Full textThe kinetic target-guided synthesis (KTGS), is an underexplored alternative approach to combinatorial chemistry, in which the biological target is able to assemble its own inhibitors from a pool of fragments. Thus, the first part of this thesis aimed at extending the scope of the reactions available for the KTGS, by investigating the aldolisation and amidation reaction, using the β-secretase (BACE-1) as biological target, which is an enzyme narrowly involved in the Alzheimer's disease. The second part of this thesis was dedicated to the synthesis of bioconjagatable fluorophores containing a phosphonium group as mass tag associated to a coumarin core. Both generations presented in this manuscript allowed us, among other things, to synthesize a FRET probe that proved suitable for the determination of BACE-1 enzymatic activity. The utility of such a fluorogenic tool could be leveraged to facilitate the analysis of crude mixtures obtained during KTGS experiments, and lessen the amount of enzyme required in these experiments. Finally, in the last part of this thesis, we describe the development of two new bioorthogonal reactions allowing the selective labeling of molecules containing an aldehyde moiety : 1) a three component reaction involving a condensation/Mannich/lactamisation procedure, between an amine, an aldehyde and an enol partner; 2) a Wittig ligation between an aldehyde and a phosphonium bearing an active methylene
Song, Zengqiang [Verfasser], Herbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Waldmann, and Guido [Gutachter] Clever. "Development of efficient methods for the syntheses of heterocycles via direct C–H bonds functionalization / Zengqiang Song ; Gutachter: Guido Clever ; Betreuer: Herbert Waldmann." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1113875690/34.
Full textLossouarn, Alexis. "Développement de nouvelles réactions de click séquentielles appliquées à la synthèse contrôlée par la cible d'inhibiteurs de protéines impliquées dans la maladie d'Alzheimer." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR078.
Full textThe kinetic target-guided synthesis (KTGS) is a fragment-based strategy which involves the biological target for the assembly of its own ligand via a biocompatible and irreversible reaction. Although promising for the discovery of new biologically active molecules, this approach is still suffering from various limitations, namely the very low quantities of ligand which are formed during the experiments, which may afford false-negative results during analyses, or the limited range of applicable reactions in KTGS, which do not allow an optimal covering of the chemical space. In order to address these issues, two main approaches were envisioned as goals of this thesis work. The first one is the development of new reactional sequences, allowing at first the formation of the ligand within the target, and then its labelling so as to increase its detectability by mass spectrometry analysis or by fluorescence emission. The second goal was to study the eligibility of various biocompatible reactions (Diels-Alder and thiol-yne reactions) for KTGS application so as to complete the range of available reactions
Sabiron, Guillaume. "Synthèse d’une solution GNC basée sur des capteurs de flux optique bio-inspirés adaptés à la mesure des basses vitesses pour un atterrissage lunaire autonome en douceur." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESAE0038/document.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, the challenge of autonomous lunar landing was addressed and an innovative method was developed, which provides an alternative to the classical sensor suites based on RADAR, LIDAR and cameras, which tend to be bulky, energy consuming and expensive. The first part is devoted to the development of a sensor inspired by the fly’s visual sensitivity to optic flow (OF). The OF is an index giving the relative angular velocity of the environment sensed by the retina of a moving insect or robot. In a fixed environment (where there is no external motion), the self-motion of an airborne vehicle generates an OF containing information about its own velocity and attitude and the distance to obstacles. Based on the “Time of Travel” principle we present the results obtained for two versions of 5 LMSs based optic flow sensors. The first one is able to measure accurately the OF in two opposite directions. It was tested in the laboratory and gave satisfying results. The second optic flow sensor operates at low velocities such as those liable to occur during lunar landing was developed. After developing these sensors, their performances were characterized both indoors and outdoors, and lastly, they were tested onboard an 80-kg helicopter flying in an outdoor environment. The Guidance Navigation and Control (GNC) system was designed in the second part on the basis of several algorithms, using various tools such as optimal control, nonlinear control design and observation theory. This is a particularly innovative approach, since it makes it possible to perform soft landing on the basis of OF measurements and as less as possible on inertial sensors. The final constraints imposed by our industrial partners were met by mounting several non-gimbaled sensors oriented in different gaze directions on the lander’s structure. Information about the lander’s self-motion present in the OF measurements is extracted by navigation algorithms, which yield estimates of the ventral OF, expansion OF and pitch angle. It was also established that it is possible to bring the planetary lander gently to the ground by tracking a pre-computed optimal reference trajectory in terms of the lowest possible fuel consumption. Software-in-the-loop simulations were carried out in order to assess the potential of the proposed GNC approach by testing its performances. In these simulations, the sensor firmware was taken into account and virtual images of the lunar surface were used in order to improve the realism of the simulated landings
Mignot, Rémi. "Réalisation en guides d'ondes numériques stables d'un modèle acoustique réaliste pour la simulation en temps-réel d'instruments à vent." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00456997.
Full textBiannic, Jean-Marc. "Commande robuste des systèmes à paramètres variables : applications en aéronautique." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ESAE0015.
Full textTaillard, Pierre-André. "Theoretical and experimental study of the role of the reed in clarinet playing." Thesis, Le Mans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LEMA1010/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the acoustics of the clarinet and the role of the reed, summarizing studies carried out between 2001 and 2018 on various topics : I) Study of elementary analytical models, focused on 1) role of losses. 2) iterated maps, highlighting various operating regimes, which are also useful for the instrumental pedagogy. II) Reed characterization study : 1) Dynamic study of the reed resonances, by holography. It leads to a model of viscoelastic material explaining some differences observed in the frequencies of the first 15 modes of the reed. 2) Static study of the mechanical and aeraulic characteristics of the exciter (reed + mouthpiece + lip). The method accurately measures the airflow entering the instrument as a function of lip and air pressure. III) Sound synthesis by physical model in real time : 1) Mechanical and aeraulic modeling of the reed, according to measurements. The proposed nonlinear stiffening spring model allows for an efficient dynamic simulation. 2) Modal estimation of the (measured) input impedance of wind instruments. Design techniques for accurate digital filters, passive at any frequency, are described. 3) Modal estimation and simulation of wind instruments by waveguides, implemented in C ++ software. IV) A playability study of a panel of 40 reeds by canonical correlation analysis reveals statistically strong links between physical measurements, subjective evaluations and sound synthesis. It allows a characterization of the reeds that can be made by the manufacturer, according to at least 4 independent factors
Andraud-Dieu, Amandine. "Recherche de molécules antimicrobiennes d'origine lichénique : Etude phytochimique de trois lichens & approche synthétique de deux composés actifs." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0029/document.
Full textPhytochemical study of three lichens collected in Limousin, Usnea florida, Flavoparmelia caperata and Cladonia incrassata, led to the isolation and the structural identification of 16 secondary metabolites. First, these lichens were chosen after a preliminary screening performed on 17 species. Antimicrobial activity of acetone extracts was evaluated and bioassay-guided fractionation was performed. The two isomers of usnic acid, 3 dibenzofurans, 4 depsides, 3 depsidones, one aliphatic acid and one sterol were isolated. A trichlorinated xanthone, named cladoxanthone A, was extracted and identified for the first time in a natural source. A bioautographic protocol was used to evaluate antibacterial activities of these compounds on Staphylococcus aureus. MICs of the products obtained in sufficient amounts were determined by a broth microdilution method in parallel with Phenonip®, a preservative commonly used in cosmetic industry. Didymic and condidymic acids were found to be good candidates for use as preservatives. Secondly, owing to their potential industrial application, we explored synthetic routes for usnic acid and cladoxanthone A. Thus, the preparation of the key intermediate for access to usnic acid was optimized and the first coupling tests in the presence of a porphyrin were encouraging. Similarly, the proposed synthetic routes for cladoxanthone A are promising
Kollbach, Guido [Verfasser]. "Synthese und Reaktionen von Titankomplexen mit Pentalenliganden / vorgelegt von Guido Kollbach." 2000. http://d-nb.info/960149538/34.
Full textGARANGER, Elisabeth. "Conception, Synthèse et Caractérisation de Nouveaux Systèmes de Guidage et de Vectorisation pour la Cancérologie." Phd thesis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009834.
Full textMarcotte, Alice. "Les apports de l'expérimentation assistée par ordinateur (ExAO) en pédagogie par projet en sciences de la nature au collégial." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6757.
Full textSchmitt, Guido [Verfasser]. "Organorhenium-Komplexe : Synthese und Reaktivität gegenüber weißem Phosphor und tert-Butylphosphaalkin / vorgelegt von Guido Schmitt." 2001. http://d-nb.info/963295217/34.
Full textLerzynski, Guido Alois [Verfasser]. "Zur Rolle und Bedeutung des Regulationsmusters der induzierbaren NO-Synthase (NOS 2) und der Arginase 1 nach proinflammatorischer Zytokinstimulation in humanen Leberzelllinien (HepG2, AKN) und in primären Rattenhepatozyten. / vorgelegt von Guido Alois Lerzynski." 2006. http://d-nb.info/980129982/34.
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