Academic literature on the topic 'Synthèse de Monocristaux'
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Journal articles on the topic "Synthèse de Monocristaux"
Gasperin, Madeleine. "Synthèse en monocristaux et structure du monouranate de sodium β-Na2UO4." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 60, no. 3 (December 1985): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(85)90282-8.
Full textGasperin, Madeleine. "Na2U2O7: Synthèse et structure d'un monocristal." Journal of the Less Common Metals 119, no. 1 (May 1986): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(86)90198-0.
Full textPelloquin, D., G. Villard, V. Hardy, A. Maignan, and B. Raveau. "Synthèses et supraconductivité de monocristaux à base de mercure." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 1, no. 1 (January 1998): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap:1998109.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Synthèse de Monocristaux"
Kobor, Diouma. "Synthèse, dopage et caractérisation de monocristaux ferroélectriques type PZN-PT par la méthode du flux." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0122/these.pdf.
Full textThe actuators and the sensors are a class of devices which use piezoelectric materials like active elements in the medical imagery (echography) and velocimetry. The characteristics sought for these materials are a good aptitude to convert the mechanical energy into electric power (and vice versa), a weak dielectric loss and a stability of the characteristics under the influence of external pressures like the electric field, the mechanical temperature and stress. Until now the materials used are ferroelectric ceramics of Lead Zircono-titanate (PZT) which was doped to obtain higher performances. Towards the end of the 80 years, a new interest was carried to the monocrystals. We synthesized monocrystals PZN-4. 5PT un-doped and doped with Mn to increase their performances. Studies on dielectric, piezoelectric, of stability and non-linearities were carried out to include/understand the behavior of these materials
Bah, Micka. "Synthèse et propriétés fonctionnelles de céramiques et monocristaux piézoélectriques sans plomb (K, Na)NbO3." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR4026/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to elaborate different controlled microstructures of undoped (K0,5Na0,5)NbO3 by different methods, with full structural and microstructural characterization in order to study and to elucidate the influence of the densification and grain size effect on the piezoelectric properties. For this, it is necessary to produce KNN microstructures with controlled composition, starting with micrometer grain size, then millimeter and if possible centimeter grain size and to attain densification ranging from 80 % up to 95 % of the theoretical one. Beyond the KNN microstructure engineering, the growth of large (K0,5Na0,5)NbO3 single crystals about several mm3 with good crystallinity and full structural and microstructural characterization would enable the elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric tensors to be fully characterized as well as to validate the original characterization methods developed within the GREMAN laboratory
Zhang, Shiqi. "Etude de la Réactivité chimique des monocristaux de phase MAX." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI042/document.
Full textMAX phases are a family of layered ternary carbides and nitrides with chemical formula Mn+1AXn, where M is an early transition element, A is an element of groups 13 to16 and X is either C, N or both. These phases combine the merits of ceramics and metals, such as chemical stability, machinability, shock resistance, good electrical and thermal conductivity, etc. However, the investigation of their intrinsic properties and anisotropies has heretofore been limited by a lack of availability of single crystals. This thesis mainly deals with the chemical reactivity of MAX phase single crystals. Owing to the large size single crystals grown at LMGP, it was possible to directly assess the anisotropy of the chemical reactivity and to obtain original data. We showed that the prominent role played by the A element for initiating chemical transformations could lead to the synthesis of original materials, and we focused on four different aspects. First, we tried to synthesize MXenes from MAX phase single crystals: The purpose was to obtain large-scale MXenes by taking advantage of the large size of the single crystals. Effort was put on describing the chemical reactivity of MAX phases dipped in different etchants, focusing on HF. Secondly, we studied the MAX phase reactivity with chlorination: the initial purpose was to obtain MXenes, but we finally developed a method for synthesizing porous chromium carbides which exhibit several interesting properties. Thirdly, we used large size single crystals in order to assess the anisotropy of the electrochemical properties. A significant anisotropy was found, either by measuring the current during electrochemical polarization or by frequency-dependent impedance measurements. Several mechanisms were proposed in order to explain this anisotropy of the corrosion properties. Eventually, we showed that the electrochemical results could be used to indirectly evidence the presence of structural defects recently identified in the literature. Such defects, called ripplocations, are specific to nano-lamellar materials
Albino, Marjorie. "Synthèse et caractérisation structurale et diélectrique de céramiques et de monocristaux relaxeurs de structure TTB." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920357.
Full textVergnières, Laura. "Synthèse de films supraconducteurs par pyrolyse d'aérosol de nitrates : dépôt d'YBa2Cu3O7-x sur monocristaux et rubans métalliques." Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPG0185.
Full textThis study aims to the preparation of coated conductors for the transport of high currents. The pyrolysis of an aerosol of nitrates has been used to synthesize superconducting films of YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) on various substrates: single crystals and metallic tapes. The crucial role of the temperature and the oxygen partial pressure on the microstructure of the films has been evidenced. The conditions of synthesis defined by a temperature of 840°C and an oxygen pressure range between 10-3 and 3. 10-3 atm have enabled to get YBCO films carrying a current of 19,4 A/cm on single crystals. Superconducting films have been also obtained on substrates Stainless Steel/YSZ and NiW/Ni/Y2O3/YSZ/CeO2. Nevertheless some limits inherent in the method of synthesis have orientated the study towards another growth process. The possibility to make an epitaxy in liquid phase with the spray pyrolysis apparatus has been demonstrated
Ledee, Ferdinand. "Cristallisation et fonctionnalisation de pérovskites hybrides halogénées à 2-dimensions pour le photovoltaïque et l’émission de lumière." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLN045/document.
Full textHybrid halide perovskites are new class of high-end semiconductors that combine high performances, low cost and low temperature proccessability for different application such as photovoltaics or light-emitting devices. Their large-scale commercialization is however hindered by their poor stability. For a few years, many groups started to grow interest in 2-dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites. This subclass of perovskite is much more stable than their 3D counterparts, and offers more chemical flexibility. Yet their performances are limited by the bad quality of the spin-coated layers. Moreover an increase in the understanding of their intrinsic properties is necessary. This last point could be solved by the study of single crystals. We developped therefore a new anti-solvant, vapor-assisted crystallization (AVC) method for the growth of (PEA)2PbI4 and (PEA)2(MA)Pb2I7. Furthermore, a capped AVC process (AVCC) was developped for the growth of 2D perovskites single crystalline thin films. These films might help getting closer to the intrinsic limits of the material. We also synthesized new 2D luminophore-functionalized perovskite systems. The spectroscopic studies of this material highlighted a possible charge transfer between the two moities of the perovskite. This kind of perovskite could help improving the photovoltaic performances of 2D perovskite thanks to the splitting of the strongly bounded exciton
Tamain, Christelle. "Synthèse et caractérisation structurale de composés oxalate à base d’actinides." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10143.
Full textOxalic acid is a well-known reagent to recover actinides thanks to the very low solubility of An(IV) and An(III) oxalate compounds in acidic solution. Therefore, considering mixed-oxide fuel or considering minor actinides incorporation in ceramic fuel materials for transmutation, oxalic co-conversion is convenient to synthesize mixed oxalate compounds, precursors of oxide solid solutions. As the existing oxalate single crystal syntheses are not adaptable to the actinide-oxalate chemistry or to their manipulation constrains in gloves box, several original crystal growth methods were developed. They were first validate and optimized on lanthanides and uranium before the application to transuranium elements. The advanced investigations allow to better understand the syntheses and to define optimized chemical conditions to promote crystal growth. These new crystal growth methods were then applied to a large number of mixed An1(IV)-An2(III) or An1(IV)-An2(IV) systems and lead to the formation of the first original mixed An1(IV)-An2(III) and An1(IV)-An2(IV) oxalate single crystals. Finally thanks to the first thorough structural characterizations of these compounds, single crystal X-ray diffraction, EXAFS or micro-RAMAN, the particularly weak oxalate-actinide compounds structural database is enriched, which is essential for future studied nuclear fuel cycles
Kreisel, Jens. "Étude d'hexaferrites de baryum substitués BaFe(12-2x)AxCoxO19(A=Ir,Ti) : synthèse de monocristaux, structures cristallines et magnétiques, spectroscopie Raman." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0044.
Full textHickel, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Croissance hydrothermale du quartz-A : solubilité, caractérisations physico-chimiques et applications des monocristaux." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR10517.
Full textQuartz-a is a piezoelectric component of high frequency electronic devices. Improving its performance requires a reduction in the physical and chemical defects induced during the hydrothermal growth of the crystals. With this objective in mind this study has concentrated on two main areas of research; the search of new solvents in which the solubility of quartz is suitable for the hydrothermal growth process and the ability to grow crystals with thermodynamic parameters that are more demanding than those currently in use in industrial processes. These two areas of research have required further development of the existing technology so as to improve the reliability of the production processes. In particular by improving the seal for the autoclave and adopting an accurate real time control system. In the long term this research will help bring about better knowledge of ways to analyse the defects in the growth of synthetic crystals. As a first step towards thi crystal defects have been purposely introduced and the signal obtained interpreted using a number of investigative techniques. Infra-red spectrometry, ICPMS, Castaing microprobe, cathodoluminescence, thermoluminescence, X-ray topography)
Adam, Laure. "Synthèse, caractérisations structurales et physico-chimiques de nouveaux phosphates d'éléments de transition." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2057.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of transition element phosphates, whose mixed frameworks contain cavities able to host cations. The great structural wealth in this family of compounds opens the way to numerous properties. We have chosen to study A-M-P-O(-H) systems in which A is a monovalent cation and M is a transition element (mixed-valent if possible) or post transition element, in order to obtain new materials for catalytic applications. In this context, the study of the A-M-P-O(-H) systems, with A = NH4, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and M = Fe, Mn and In has been undertaken. The other aim of this work was a better understanding of the influence of synthesis experimental conditions on the nature of the obtained phases. In spite of the difficulty to synthesize new materials in the considered systems, eleven new phases have been isolated and three of them exhibit original framework. Structural determinations have been performed by single crystal X-ray diffraction combined with powder X-ray diffraction and EDX analysis. The study of catalytic properties for DeNOx reaction via the NH3-SCR have been carried out by “in situ” and “operando” spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy for one iron phosphate. Magnetic properties of four compounds, which are reported in this manuscript, are discussed
Book chapters on the topic "Synthèse de Monocristaux"
Brun, L. "Thermodynamique et Viscoplasticité du Monocristal Métallique: Comparaison et Synthèse de Modèles à Variables Internes." In Large Deformations of Solids: Physical Basis and Mathematical Modelling, 199–221. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3407-8_13.
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