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Academic literature on the topic 'Synthèse d'onde optique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Synthèse d'onde optique"
David, Sylvain. "Aza-bodipy pour la limitation optique aux longueurs d'onde des télécommunications : synthèse des chromophores, optimisation de matériaux hybrides et études photophysiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN010.
Full textAn optical power limiter (OPL) is a device which can change its optical properties depending on the input light power. Ideally transparent at low incident power, the OPL transmission decreases when the incident power rises, allowing the protection of an optical detector placed beyond the OPL and avoiding temporary or permanent damages. This thesis presents the synthesis of aza-bodipy dyes with OPL properties in the telecommunication spectral range, particularly around 1500 nm. The OPL properties of these aza-bodipy dyes are based on simultaneous two-photon absorption and excited state absorption.The first part of this thesis describes the synthesis of new aza-bodipy dyes for the study of two photon absorption and excited state absorption enhancement in order the optimize the OPL performances of the dyes. A study about aza-bodipy solubility has also been conducted.The second part of this thesis presents the use of aza-bodipy chromophores in new optimized sol-gel hybrid materials. Class-II sol-gel materials development permitted to spectacularly increase the maximum dye-doping concentration, which resulted in a strong enhancement of the OPL properties compared to previously described materials
Cladé, Sophie. "Synthèse d'ouverture optique pour l'observation à haute résolution du soleil : étude des systèmes de correction de front d'onde et de filtrage spectral de l'instrument." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112196.
Full textTo reach a high spatial resolution on solar observation, an interferometric system made of three telescopes is proposed. This optical aperture synthesis method let us improve the spatial resolution without being limited by the weight or the size of the instrument. Some pointing and cophasing systems are needed to keep a good image quality. High spectral resolution is reached with a system composed of 2 identical gratings. An optical bench has been installed in the Meudon Observatory to demonstrate the validity of the instrument's technical concepts. In this document, I first introduce the characteristics and the reasons of SOLARNET's technical concepts. In the second part, I present the optical bench and detail the alignment methods and their precisions. The third part is dedicated to the pointing system. I study the closed loop, do some simulations and experimental tests that show that the limited correction is due to the limited speed of the mirror. I then present the cophasing system that uses white light interferometric measurement. Simulation of this system show that there is a possible bias on the measure. If experimental tests confirm this bias, there should be an system to correct it. The results of my simulation give the basis to define this new system. In the last part of the document, I describe the optical study and the optimisation I made on the imaging spectrometric part of the instrument
Ignacchiti, Jim. "Contrôle et caractérisation de la cohérence Raman induite par bruit quantique dans des fibres creuses remplies de gaz." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0056.
Full textThis thesis addresses the design, implementation, and use of an experimental and numerical simulation platform aimed at exciting and amplifying Raman coherence in a controlled manner from quantum noise. The long term objective is to explore stimulated Raman scattering in hollow-core fiber as a means to generate coherent optical frequency combs with a multi-octave spectral width, thus creating a tool for generating arbitrary optical wave functions, such as attosecond pulses, or mode-locked lasers. The principle is based on the excitation of a gas contained in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HCPCF) by ultrashort laser pulses, in such a way that only one of the coherent and independent spatiotemporal modes of the spontaneous Stokes radiation is excited and amplified. This innovative approach ensures phase modulation of the excitation laser field at very high frequencies without phase noise. It differs from existing techniques, such as molecular modulation, by eliminating the need for a second laser. However, this method requires a single-mode optical guide and exceptionally high Raman gain. In this context, this work focuses then on the generation and measurement of the intra and inter-pulse coherence of the Raman comb to evaluate its potential for the aforementioned applications. To this end, a theoretical model of stimulated Raman scattering in the impulsive regime was developed, highlighting the interest of the transient regime, which amplifies the Stokes field in a single temporal mode. Numerical simulations then detailed the dynamics of the Stokes field through the Raman medium, taking into account factors such as laser depletion. Furthermore, a specific hybrid hollow-core optical fiber was developed, offering low linear losses (a few dB/km at 1030 nm) and exceptional single-mode guidance (MPI up to −47 dB), thus ensuring the spatial coherence of the Raman comb. Two experimental setups were then realized to examine the comb’s coherence, starting with the intra-pulse aspect. An infrared laser adjustable in pulse duration, energy, and repetition rate was coupled into the hydrogen-filled fiber to generate the comb, then analyzed at the output with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with high temporal resolution (∼ fs) and wide dynamic range (approximately 50 ps). The results showed that working in the range of 3 − 10 ps and 1 − 10 µJ minimizes parasitic effects such as the Kerr effect, and the mutual coherence is close to unity for all first-order Stokes and anti-Stokes lines, as confirmed by numerical calculations. The study of inter-pulse coherence revealed a complex behavior for pulses spaced less than 1 ns apart and a decrease in coherence corresponding to the coherence relaxation time (∼ 2 ns) for longer delays between pulses. These results highlight the importance of controlling the energy and delay of pulses to maintain high coherence and suggest that excitation lasers with repetition rates around 400 MHz or more can generate mode-locked lasers based on our approach. In conclusion, the advances made during this thesis on the coherence properties of frequency combs demonstrate the potential of stimulated Raman scattering in HCPCFs for optical wave synthesis and pave the way for other applications such as frequency conversion for quantum optics, optical trapping, and molecular cooling
Cayrefourcq, Ian. "Conception et fabrication de matrices de commutation optique en vue de la réalisation de modules de synthèse de retards temporels." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-387.pdf.
Full textLabéguerie-Egea, Jessica. "Synthèses par chimie douce de fluorures dopés terre rares pour applications optiques." Paris 6, 2007. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003621.
Full textThis work is dedicated to fluoride compounds doped with rare earth ions synthesized by two soft chemistry processes : sol-gel and reverse micelles in non-aqueous medium. The sol-gel synthesis (dissolution of metal acetates in trifluoroacetic acid and isopropanol) was realised to obtain waveguides for amplification at 1. 54 m thanks to erbium doping. The K3InF6 sols allowed the characterization by X-ray structure resolution on single-crystal of the organometallic precursors leading to the fluoride. The PbF2 :Yb-Er films (dip-coating of the sol) allowed the propagation of a 632. 8 nm laser with losses of 5 dB/cm. The reverse micelles, developed on known systems, are constituted with polystyrene (surfactant), tetrahydrofuran (major solvent) and isopropanol (inner solvent). Small-angle neutrons scattering experiments showed shell-type micelles (r = 2 to 5 nm). The nanoparticles diameter goes from 3 to 35 nm, as a function of the rare earth rate, the counter-ion (NO3- or AcO-) and the fluoride compound (PbF2 or CaF2). Particles of PbF2 :Yb-Er used as nanoprobes allowed in near-field optical-scanning microscopy the observation of objects with a resolution of 150 nm
Cracowski, Jean-Marc. "Synthèse et caractérisation de (co)polymères halogénés pour l’optique linéaire : application à la réalisation d’un guide d’onde." Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1024.pdf.
Full textThere is a great potential for the use of polymeric materials for communication systems and considerable interest has been focused on polymer waveguides because of their fabrication process at low temperature, their tunable optical and mechanical properties, and mass production possibility. Among the polymeric materials developed as potential waveguides, fluorinated polymers are of particular interest because of their unique properties. This work reports the synthesis and the characterization of halogenated acrylic (co)polymers. New acrylic monomers, alpha, beta-difluoroacrylic acid and hexachloroisopropyl alpha-fluoroacrylate, have been synthesized and their polymerization has been studied. Several series of copolymers have been obtained from alpha-fluoroacrylates, alpha-trifluoromethacrylates and a fluorinated vinyl ether leading to materials with an high Tg (> 110 °C), a good thermal stability (Td > 300 °C) and a broad range of refractive indices, in agreement with the aimed application. Finally, a poly(2,2,2-trichloroethyl alpha-fluoroacrylate) waveguide has been realized and its properties in terms of optical absorption and process have been studied
Burger, Sylvain. "Synthèse et étude des propriétés optiques non-linéaires d'ordre trois de nouvelles molécules push-pull à transmetteur hétérocyclique hexagonal ou pentagonal." Besançon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BESA2025.
Full textMugnier, Laurent. "Problèmes inverses en Haute Résolution Angulaire." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00654835.
Full textAlquier-Villepelet, Cécile. "Syntheses et proprietes des gels d'oxyde de niobium." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066019.
Full textKhlifi, Soumaya. "Nanomatériaux hybrides luminescents à clusters de métaux de transition : synthèse, mise en forme et modulation des propriétés optiques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S091.
Full textPhotoluminescent materials are playing a major role in applications related to photonics, optoelectronics or lighting. Combining them with polymers allows the design of easy-to-shape-functional materials with enhanced application versatility. Related to this, hybrid materials composed of an organic polymer matrix containing strongly luminescent octahedral metal clusters were prepared. Octahedral metal clusters have several advantages: a deep luminescence in the red and the near-IR region, a high quantum yield, a large Stokes shift and no photobleaching or photoblinking effects. As organic host matrices, PMMA and PDMS were used because of their optical and mechanical properties in addition to their thermal stability. However, a prerequisite for realizing hybrid materials is to homogeneously introduce the ceramic inorganic emitter in the organic polymer to avoid segregation-phase phenomena. For this purpose, several integration approaches were developed to prepare new hybrid materials. Meanwhile, spectroscopic analysis were performed on these hybrids demonstrating their huge potential. Actually, these hybrids were used to design a self-erasable inkless light-imprinting material when the hybrid is combined with an organic fluorophore, and 1D- and 2D-waveguides. The 1D-waveguides can be applied for integrated photonics while 2D-waveguides combined with liquid-crystals lead to a new luminescent PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) material for Luminescent Solar Concentrator technology