Journal articles: 'Syntatic structures'

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Freidin, Robert. "Syntactic Structures Redux." Syntax 7, no. 2 (August 2004): 101–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9612.2004.00004.x.

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Gianollo, Chiara, and Elisabetta Magni. "Variation and Change in Latin Close Appositions." Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 59, no. 1-4 (September 25, 2020): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/068.2019.59.1-4.19.

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Summary:Close appositions are binominal constructions in which the two nouns are combined and denote a single entity. Throughout the history of Latin, syntactic and morphological variation in appositions point to a gradient from juxtapositional structures, where the two members are semantically and syntacti- cally on a par, to hierarchical structures, where the two members build various semantic and syntactic relations, yielding multiple and context-dependent interpretations. As it will be shown, the gradient-based model proposed in this paper captures variation and change in close appositions more adequately than approaches attributing an invariant internal structure to these constructions.

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Prado-Alonso, Carlos. "A Constructional Analysis of Obligatory XVS Syntactic Structures." Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 51, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 51–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stap-2016-0002.

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Abstract The analysis of obligatory or formulaic XVS structures - as in “Here comes the sun” or “Now is the time to solve our problems” - has been neglected in the literature since it has been argued that there seems to be no linguistic variation involved in the use of these types of syntactic constructions. Here, I defend the view that obligatory XVS structures are productive, highly structured constructions which are worthy of serious linguistic investigation. On the basis of a corpus-based analysis of written and spoken texts, it is argued that the different obligatory XVS types distinguished in the literature are clear instances of constructions as understood in the Construction Grammar framework. Despite their formal and functional dissimilarities, the article shows that these XVS structures still relate to one another in systematic and predictable ways, and are in fact grouped in relation to a unit in the schematic network which is naturally most salient - the prototype - and form with it a family of nodes which are extensions from the prototype - in the system. In sum, the analysis here will show that obligatory XVS structures are constructions which form an interconnected, structured system or network and are best understood with reference to different forms of inheritance.

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KEREN-PORTNOY, TAMAR, and MICHAEL KEREN. "The dynamics of syntax acquisition: facilitation between syntactic structures." Journal of Child Language 38, no. 2 (July 16, 2010): 404–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000909990559.

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ABSTRACTThis paper sets out to show how facilitation between different clause structures operates over time in syntax acquisition. The phenomenon of facilitation within given structures has been widely documented, yet inter-structure facilitation has rarely been reported so far. Our findings are based on the naturalistic production corpora of six toddlers learning Hebrew as their first language. We use regression analysis, a method that has not been used to study this phenomenon. We find that the proportion of errors among the earliest produced clauses in a structure is related to the degree of acceleration of that structure's learning curve; that with the accretion of structures the proportion of errors among the first clauses of new structures declines, as does the acceleration of their learning curves. We interpret our findings as showing that learning new syntactic structures is made easier, or facilitated, by previously acquired ones.

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González Orta, Marta. "The interrelation of semantic structure and syntactic variation in Old English verb classes: catalogue of syntactico-semantic constructions." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 18 (November 15, 2005): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2005.18.05.

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The aim of this paper is to motivate the syntactic and morphological behaviour of the Old English verbs which share the core meaning of 'to remember', 'to emit a smell', 'to produce a sound' and 'to speak' from their semantic structure. Firstly, as a result of the analysis of these verb subclasses, I will propose a subclass-based lexical template for each lexical subclass. Within the Lexical Grammar Model, lexical templates are conceived as lexical representations where meaning description is encapsulated and interacts with the syntactic behaviour of lexical units. In order to construct a lexical template, Role and Reference Grammar logical structures will be complemented by a semantic decomposition which will define different lexical (sub-)classes. Secondly, the Lexical Template Modelling Process will stipulate the linking between the syntactic and semantic representation of these verbs. This process will establish the lexical rules that account for the mapping between the different semantic constructions and the syntactic structures and alternations in which these verbs participate and the lexical templates codified by these verb subclasses. As a result, a catalogue of the syntactico-semantic constructions exhibited by these Old English verbal predicates will be provided.

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Kako, Edward, and Laura Wagner. "The semantics of syntactic structures." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 5, no. 3 (March 2001): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01594-1.

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Klíma, Ondřej, and Libor Polák. "Syntactic structures of regular languages." Theoretical Computer Science 800 (December 2019): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2019.10.020.

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Gilquin, Gaëtanelle. "Automatic retrieval of syntactic structures." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 7, no. 2 (December 31, 2002): 183–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.7.2.03gil.

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The study of complex grammatical patterns tends to be neglected by corpus linguists, the main reason being that such phenomena are much more difficult to extract from a corpus than simple words or tags. I demonstrate in this article that, although the desirable parsed corpora and appropriate software are not always available, the retrieval of syntactic structures can be automated to a certain extent. A number of corpus-based grammatical analyses, as well as a pilot study of causative structures with make, illustrate the various alternative strategies that can be used to this effect.

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Köhler, Reinhard. "Syntactic Structures: Properties and Interrelations." Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 6, no. 1 (April 1999): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/jqul.6.1.46.4137.

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Hendrikse, A. P. "Syntactic Structures as Pragmatic Options." Studies in Language 13, no. 2 (January 1, 1989): 333–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.13.2.06hen.

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One of the fundamental assumptions of formal linguistics is that the relations between sentence types can be expressed derivationally. This assumption is called into question with reference to the derived intransitive construction in English and certain subjectivization constructions in Xhosa where no such derivational relation with a base structure is possible. It is then argued that these structures as well as the structures between which more transparent relations are reputed to exist, should be accounted for in terms of nonformal cognitive notions such as those proposed in schema theory.

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Collins, J. "Horwich's Schemata Meet Syntactic Structures." Mind 112, no. 447 (July 1, 2003): 399–432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/112.447.399.

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Liao, Wei-wen Roger, and Tzong-hong Jonah Lin. "Syntactic structures of Mandarin purposives." Linguistics 57, no. 1 (January 26, 2019): 87–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2018-0032.

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Abstract This paper investigates three constructions in Mandarin, all of which convey a purposive/teleological meaning, including the lai purposive, the hao purposive, and the bare purposive. Despite the fact that each type of purposive clause in Mandarin occurs at the right edge of a sentence, it is argued that none of the purposive clause is a genuine right adjunct in the underlying syntactic structure. On the other hand, our analysis shows that the lai purposive employs complementation of a secondary predicate, the hao purposive involves conjunction of two clauses, and the bare purposive should be analyzed as left adjunction that is stranded in the right edge after verb movement. The evidence for our analysis is drawn from subject and object gaps, the ba-construction in Mandarin, agentivity, and linear ordering of multiple purposive clauses. This work thus demonstrates representative cases where a structure that appears to involve right adjunction may in fact employ no right adjunction at all. The conclusion is thus consistent with the prediction of Linear Correspondence Axiom (LCA).

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Shu, Kevin, and Matilde Marcolli. "Syntactic Structures and Code Parameters." Mathematics in Computer Science 11, no. 1 (March 2017): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11786-017-0298-0.

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Kozma, I., I. Zsoldos, G. Dorogi, and S. Papp. "Application of Computed Tomography in Structure Analyses of Metal Matrix Syntactic Foams." International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering 7, no. 5 (October 2015): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcte.2015.v7.989.

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VASILYEVA, MARINA, and HEIDI WATERFALL. "Beyond syntactic priming: Evidence for activation of alternative syntactic structures." Journal of Child Language 39, no. 2 (June 27, 2011): 258–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000911000055.

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ABSTRACTPriming methodology was previously used to investigate children's ability to represent abstract syntactic forms. Existing evidence indicates that following exposure to a particular syntactic structure (such as the passive voice), English-speaking children increase their production of that structure with new lexical items. In the present work, we utilize priming methodology to explore whether exposure to passive primes may increase children's production of sentences that have a different structure but share a similar purpose in discourse. We report three studies, two involving English- and Russian-speaking children, and a third involving Russian-speaking adults. Unlike English, Russian offers a variety of syntactic forms that emphasize the patient of a transitive action, thus fulfilling the discourse function of the passive. We found that English speakers increased the use of the particular syntactic form presented in the prime, whereas Russian speakers increased their production of several different syntactic forms used to emphasize the patient of the action.

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Gruberg, Nicholas, Rachel Ostrand, Shota Momma, and Victor S. Ferreira. "Syntactic entrainment: The repetition of syntactic structures in event descriptions." Journal of Memory and Language 107 (August 2019): 216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2019.04.005.

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Levy, Hagar, and Naama Friedmann. "Treatment of syntactic movement in syntactic SLI: A case study." First Language 29, no. 1 (February 2009): 15–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723708097815.

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We describe a study of syntactic intervention administered to a 12;2-year-old individual with syntactic SLI, who had difficulties in the comprehension and production of structures containing syntactic movement such as relative clauses, object questions, topicalization sentences, and sentences with verb movement. The intervention, comprised of 16 sessions, was based on syntactic theory and included explicit teaching of syntactic movement, relying on a type of syntactic knowledge that was intact — the argument structure of the verb. The participant's performance was assessed before and after treatment, and for some of the tests also during the treatment and 10 months later. The performance was assessed using various tasks that targeted comprehension, repetition and elicitation of semantically reversible sentences. Following treatment, the participant's performance on all structures with syntactic movement showed substantial improvement compared with baseline, in many of the tasks reaching the performance of the age-matched control group. Treatment of phrasal movement resulted not only in improvement in treated structures, but also in generalization to untrained structures: although phrasal movement was only treated directly for relative clauses and topicalization structures, the comprehension of object Wh-questions, which also include phrasal movement, improved as well. The high performance level was maintained 10 months after the treatment.

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Gao, Yanmei, and Xiaohua Ren. "Syntactic parallelism and the co-production of syntactic units in Mandarin Chinese." Chinese Language and Discourse 12, no. 1 (May 21, 2021): 109–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cld.00036.gao.

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Abstract Cross-linguistic studies on co-production of syntactic units and compound sentence formats have found that the location of predicates affects the projectability of the language, in that languages like English allow early projections while languages like Japanese later projections. In Mandarin Chinese, we found that syntactic parallelism often occurs before co-constructions, impacting the projectability of syntactic structures in one way or another. Based on the theories of dialogic syntax (Du Bois 2007, 2014) and the principles of interactional linguistics, this study explores the relationship between syntactic parallelism and co-production of syntactic structures across turns. The co-production of four syntactic and sentential structures were closely examined, namely, Copula V + Complement, (be) Adjectival Predicate, the conditional IF X THEN Y construction (如果 ruguo……就/会 jiu/hui……), and compound sentences with to-clause of purpose. Also observed is the emergent new sequence as interactionally relevant syntax. Upon inspection, we found that turn units with parallel syntactic structures may help narrow down the category of the projected final component, thus inspiring the second speaker to come in early and jointly complete the syntax-in-progress. Apart from co-producing syntax-in-progress, co-produced structures can also develop into interactionally relevant sequences with independent internal structures, thereby executing new social actions.

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Eun-Ji Lee. "Syntactic Structures of -Ko Coordinate Constructions." Studies in Generative Grammar 20, no. 2 (May 2010): 277–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.15860/sigg.20.2.201005.277.

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Chung, Eugene. "Lexico-Syntactic Structures of Spatial Expressions." LANGUAGE INFORMATION 26 (March 31, 2018): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.35128/rili.2018.26.4.

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Lodrup, Helge. "The Syntactic Structures of Norwegian Pseudocoordinations." Studia Linguistica 56, no. 2 (August 2002): 121–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9582.00090.

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Birch, Stacy L., Jason E. Albrecht, and Jerome L. Myers. "Syntactic Focusing Structures Influence Discourse Processing." Discourse Processes 30, no. 3 (November 2000): 285–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15326950dp3003_4.

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Santana Suárez, Octavio, José Rafael Pérez Aguiar, Luis Losada García, and Francisco Javier Carreras Riudavets. "Functional Disambiguation Based on Syntactic Structures." Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/fql016.

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24

Auer, Peter. "Syntactic structures and their symbiotic guests." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 533–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.24.3.05aue.

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The empirical focus of this paper is on utterances that re-use syntactic structures from a preceding syntactic unit. Next utterances of this type are usually treated as (coordination) ellipsis. It is argued that from an on-line perspective on spoken syntax, they are better described as structural latency: A grammatical structure already established remains available and can therefore be made use of with one or more of its slots being filled by new material. A variety of cases of this particular kind of conversational symbiosis are discussed. It is argued that they should receive a common treatment. A number of features of the general host/guest relationship are discussed.

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Cook, Vivian. "Chomsky's Syntactic Structures fifty years on." International Journal of Applied Linguistics 17, no. 1 (March 2007): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-4192.2007.00137.x.

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26

Hamrick, Phillip. "Recognition memory for novel syntactic structures." Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale 68, no. 1 (2014): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cep0000002.

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Horn, David. "Syntactic structures in languages and biology." Cognitive Processing 9, no. 3 (October 19, 2007): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10339-007-0194-7.

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Mousavi, Hamid, Shi Gao, Deirdre Kerr, Markus Iseli, and Carlo Zaniolo. "Mining Semantics Structures from Syntactic Structures in Web Document Corpora." International Journal of Semantic Computing 08, no. 04 (December 2014): 461–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x14400157.

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The Web is making possible many advanced text-mining applications, such as news summarization, essay grading, question answering, semantic search and structured queries on corpora of Web documents. For many of such applications, statistical text-mining techniques are of limited effectiveness since they do not utilize the morphological structure of the text. On the other hand, many approaches use NLP-based techniques that parse the text into parse trees, and then use patterns to mine and analyze parse trees which are often unnecessarily complex. To reduce this complexity and ease the entire process of text mining, we propose a weighted-graph representation of text, called TextGraphs, which captures the grammatical and semantic relations between words and terms in the text. TextGraphs are generated using a new text mining framework which is the main focus of this paper. Our framework, SemScape, uses a statistical parser to generate few of the most probable parse trees for each sentence and employs a novel two-step pattern-based technique to extract from parse trees candidate terms and their grammatical relations. Moreover, SemScape resolves coreferences by a novel technique, generates domain-specific TextGraphs by consulting ontologies, and provides a SPARQL-like query language and an optimized engine for semantically querying and mining TextGraphs.

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Militonyan, Jemma. "Synonymous Structures in English Syntax." Armenian Folia Anglistika 14, no. 1-2 (18) (October 15, 2018): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2018.14.1-2.029.

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Synonymy is one of the most important sources of the wealth of language and is closely related to the problems of stylistics, speech culture, language changes and language improvements. In linguistic literature the term synonymy is increasingly frequently used in relation to different language elements: sounds, word forms, morphemes, syntactic constructions. Recent developments in the studies of grammatical synonymy have led to a renewed interest in syntactic synonymy which is at the heart of our understanding of grammatical synonyms. The purpose of this article is to review the recent research into syntactic synonymy, taking into consideration the attempts of different linguists to define syntactical synonym, determine the criteria of synonymity and examine the synonymous structures in English syntax.

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Tojimamatovich Abdupatto, Mukhammadtokhir. "The Role Of Actual Units Of Division In The Compositional-Syntactic Structure Of Poetic Speech." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 06 (June 20, 2021): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue06-29.

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The article presents theoretical views on the compositional-syntactic structure of poetic speech, which is one of the problematic issues in the field of poetic syntax and the study of its actual division. Within the framework of the Uzbek poetic syntax, the importance of studying the issue of actual division as a separate category in the study of Uzbek poetic speech based on the experience of world linguistics.

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박용진 and Cheng, Pei-Ling. "Special Syntactic Structures of the Laoqida(Nogeoldae)." JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES ll, no. 44 (May 2014): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26585/chlab.2014..44.001.

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Ostrikova, G. N. "ENANTIOSEMIC FIXED SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES: SPECIFICS OF FUNCTIONING." Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, no. 3 (2017): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2017-3-148-154.

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Nophaket, Napong, and Akira Fujii. "Syntactic and Network Pattern Structures of City." Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering 3, no. 2 (November 2004): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.3.349.

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Lasnik, Howard. "Syntactic Structures: formal considerations 60 years later." Revista Linguíʃtica 13, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31513/linguistica.2017.v13n2a14026.

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Chomsky (1955), The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory (henceforth LSLT), laid out in great detail the formal foundations for a rigorous new way of looking at language scientifcally, transformational generative grammar. This awesome accomplishment was announced to the world in Chomsky (1957), Syntactic Structures (henceforth SS), a publication that revolutionized the feld, or really, created a new feld. Needless to say, syntactic theory has undergone vast changes since then, but certain fundamental ideas, and even a few technical details, persist. In this article, I will brieﬂy discuss some instances of each sort.

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Park, Jong Pil, Kang Hoon Lee, and Jehee Lee. "Finding Syntactic Structures from Human Motion Data." Computer Graphics Forum 30, no. 8 (June 22, 2011): 2183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2011.01968.x.

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Noordegraaf, Jan. "On the publication date of Syntactic Structures." Historiographia Linguistica 28, no. 1-2 (September 7, 2001): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.28.1.18noo.

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Friis, Erik S., and Stanley Jordan. "Musical syntactic and semantic structures in APL2." ACM SIGAPL APL Quote Quad 20, no. 4 (May 1990): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/97811.97841.

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Anisimov, A. V. "Control space of natural-language syntactic structures." Cybernetics 26, no. 3 (1990): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01082684.

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Pullum, Geoffrey K. "On the Mathematical Foundations of Syntactic Structures." Journal of Logic, Language and Information 20, no. 3 (May 6, 2011): 277–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10849-011-9139-8.

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Meijer, Paul J. A., and Jean E. Fox Tree. "Building Syntactic Structures in Speaking: A Bilingual Exploration." Experimental Psychology 50, no. 3 (January 2003): 184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026//1617-3169.50.3.184.

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Abstract. In a series of three experiments we investigated syntactic priming using a sentence recall task. Participants read and memorized a target sentence for later recall. After reading a prime sentence and engaging in a distraction task, they were asked to produce the target sentence aloud. Earlier investigations have shown that this task is sensitive to a syntactic priming effect. That is, the syntactic form of the prime sentence sometimes influences the syntactic form of the recalled target. In this paper we report on a variation on this task, using Spanish-English bilingual participants. In the first two experiments we replicated the prepositional phrase priming effect using English target sentences and Spanish prime sentences. In the final experiment we investigated two additional syntactic forms, using Spanish target sentences and English prime sentences. Implications for models of syntax generation and bilingual speech production are discussed.

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ROSSI, ELEONORA. "Modulating the sensitivity to syntactic factors in production: Evidence from syntactic priming in agrammatism." Applied Psycholinguistics 36, no. 3 (July 25, 2013): 639–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716413000374.

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ABSTRACTThis study investigates the extent to which the production of complex morphosyntactic structures can be modulated in agrammatic speakers by utilizing a syntactic priming paradigm. Italian clitic pronouns (varying in morphosyntactic complexity) were chosen as the focal linguistic structure under investigation to test hypotheses based on alternative theories. Three experiments were performed. Experiment 1 analyzed clitic production in spontaneous speech. Experiments 2 and 3 used syntactic priming to prime the production of direct- and indirect-object clitics in finite and in restructuring sentences. These structures critically require different clitic positions (finite sentences: before the finite verb; restructuring sentences: before or after the verbal complex). The pattern of results shows that agrammatic speakers are impaired in clitic production. However, they show that the deficit is quantitative rather than qualitative, suggesting residual sensitivity despite the poor performance. The findings demonstrate that agrammatic (and control) speakers show a positive effect of syntactic priming across clitic types, suggesting that agrammatism can be characterized in terms of a linguistic processing deficit owing to increased processing demands for complex linguistic structures. Specifically, it is suggested that morphosyntactic complexity modulates both the level of impairment and the effect of priming for these grammatical structures.

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BALLESTEROS, MIGUEL, BERND BOHNET, SIMON MILLE, and LEO WANNER. "Data-driven deep-syntactic dependency parsing." Natural Language Engineering 22, no. 6 (August 18, 2015): 939–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324915000285.

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Abstract‘Deep-syntactic’ dependency structures that capture the argumentative, attributive and coordinative relations between full words of a sentence have a great potential for a number of NLP-applications. The abstraction degree of these structures is in between the output of a syntactic dependency parser (connected trees defined over all words of a sentence and language-specific grammatical functions) and the output of a semantic parser (forests of trees defined over individual lexemes or phrasal chunks and abstract semantic role labels which capture the frame structures of predicative elements and drop all attributive and coordinative dependencies). We propose a parser that provides deep-syntactic structures. The parser has been tested on Spanish, English and Chinese.

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Segaert, Katrien, Kirsten Weber, Mira Cladder-Micus, and Peter Hagoort. "The influence of verb-bound syntactic preferences on the processing of syntactic structures." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 40, no. 5 (2014): 1448–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0036796.

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Grewendorf, Günther. "Structures and beyond: The cartography of syntactic structures, vol. 3 (review)." Language 84, no. 1 (2008): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2008.0047.

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Carr, Thomas H., and Tim Curran. "Cognitive Factors in Learning about Structured Sequences." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 16, no. 2 (June 1994): 205–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100012882.

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Cognitive science has developed a number of experimental techniques for studying how people learn about sequentially structured stimulus material. We describe these techniques, review findings they have produced, and discuss the findings' relevance for understanding the mastery of syntax during second language learning. Three issues are addressed: (a) the nature or content of what is learned and how it might be represented in the language learner's knowledge base, paying special heed to acquiring abstract rules versus generalizing across stored examples, (b) the role of conscious awareness in syntactic learning, and (c) the role of limited-capacity processing or focal attention in syntactic learning. Care is taken to distinguish between the latter two factors—Focal attention to the task of learning about syntax and conscious awareness of particular syntactic structures are not the same thing and may well play different roles in successful acquisition.

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Charters, A. Helen. "Ellipsis in Mandarin." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.20.1.04cha.

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Abstract Overall, learners of Mandarin tend to use overt nouns and pronouns to a greater extent than native speakers (Charters 1996b), but what specifically gives rise to this discrepancy? Differences in the distribution of ellipsis in learner and native speaker texts is investigated: both frequency and discourse contexts of syntactic structures associated with ellipsis are compared. Learners made no errors of ellipsis in structures where ellipsis is grammatically prescribed, nor did they appear to avoid such syntactic structures. In fact, the discrepancy in overall frequencies arises in contexts where ellipsis is optional; it is a consequence not of differing syntactic choices, but of differing pragmatic choices in comparable syntactic contexts. No single syntactic structure emerges as a significant contributor to the different rates of optional ellipsis overall. However, when individual variation is taken into account, it is clear that some learners use ellipsis only in syntactic contexts where it is permissible in English, and most learners use elliptic syntactic structures in a narrower range of discourse contexts than is typical of native speaker use.

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FOLTZ, ANOUSCHKA, KRISTINA THIELE, DUNJA KAHSNITZ, and PRISCA STENNEKEN. "Children's syntactic-priming magnitude: lexical factors and participant characteristics." Journal of Child Language 42, no. 4 (August 27, 2014): 932–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000914000488.

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ABSTRACTThis study examines whether lexical repetition, syntactic skills, and working memory (WM) affect children's syntactic-priming behavior, i.e. their tendency to adopt previously encountered syntactic structures. Children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and typically developing (TD) children were primed with prenominal (e.g. the yellow cup) or relative clause (RC; e.g. the cup that is yellow) structures with or without lexical overlap and performed additional tests of productive syntactic skills and WM capacity. Results revealed a reliable syntactic-priming effect without lexical boost in both groups: SLI and TD children produced more RCs following RC primes than following prenominal primes. Grammaticality requirements influenced RC productions in that SLI children produced fewer grammatical RCs than TD children. Of the additional measures, WM positively affected how frequently children produced dispreferred RC structures, but productive syntactic skills had no effect. The results support an implicit-learning account of syntactic priming and emphasize the importance of WM in syntactic priming tasks.

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Fuchs, Catherine, Nathalie Fournier, and Pierre Le Goffic. "Structures à subordonnée comparative en français." Les structures comparatives du français: Des bases de données aux corpus 31, no. 1 (June 6, 2008): 11–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.31.1.03fuc.

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This article deals with syntactic and semantic representation of comparative structures in French. We propose an analysis of quantitative comparatives (plus, moins, aussi … que) and qualitative comparatives (comme) which highlights their common properties as well as their specificities. The first section (§ 1) offers a syntactic typology of matrix clause structures and (comparative) subordinate clause structures. The following sections consider the various aspects of semantic representations, as related to syntactic structures : we successively deal with (§ 2.) the type of parameter, (§ 3.) the type of differential constituant in the subordinate clause, (§ 4.) the type of parallel constituant in the matrix clause (with restitution of ellipses and anaphora), (§ 5.) the type of compared terms, by contrasting quantitative comparisons and qualitative comparison, and (§ 6.) the type of comparison, accounting for prototypical structures as well as for pragmatic effects induced by certain configurations.

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BERG, THOMAS. "Branching direction in recursive structures." English Language and Linguistics 16, no. 3 (October 22, 2012): 385–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674312000160.

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English makes regular use of a number of recursive structures spanning the syntax–lexicon continuum. While NPs with recursive relative clauses occupy the syntactic end, nominal compounds are located at the lexical end. In between these extremes we find NPs with recursive periphrastic genitives (towards the syntactic end) and NPs with recursive Saxon genitives (towards the lexical end). This study presents a comparative analysis of the branching direction preferences in these recursive structures. The empirical focus is on double of-genitives, which exhibit an overwhelming predilection for right-branching. This contrasts sharply with the double Saxon genitives, which gravitate towards left-branching. The branching direction decision is argued to be under the sway of several distinct factors: a syntactic factor controlling the alternative between leftward and rightward expansion; a lexical factor regulating the idiomatization of a given pair of elements; and a processing factor geared towards preventing garden path effects. Furthermore, branching direction is determined by listeners’ desire to minimize constituent recognition domains. Taken together, these factors are held accountable for the varying branching direction biases found in the different types of NP.

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Khachatryan, Robert. "On Semantic and Syntactic Structures of Sentences with Deadjectival Causative Verbs in Modern English." Armenian Folia Anglistika 7, no. 1 (8) (April 15, 2011): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2011.7.1.063.

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The article investigates the semantic and syntactic structures of sentences with deadjectival causative verbs in modern English. The analysis of these structures and their interrelations has been conducted at two levels – surface (syntactic) and deep (semantic). The article aims to reveal the correlation of meanings of the deadjectival causative verbs and their valency, as well as to compare the semantic and syntactic structures of the sentences made up of these verbs.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Syntatic structures'

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