Journal articles: 'Synchronization'

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Mahmoud, Emad E., M. Higazy, and Ohood A. Althagafi. "A Novel Strategy for Complete and Phase Robust Synchronizations of Chaotic Nonlinear Systems." Symmetry 12, no. 11 (October 24, 2020): 1765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12111765.

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Our work here is to propose a novel technique by which chaos complete and phase synchronizations can be accomplished via a low-cost scheme. We call the proposed technique a “single-state feedback track synchronization control algorithm”. A single-state feedback track synchronization control algorithm is designed so that both complete and phase synchronizations can be accomplished using the same controller. Complete synchronization between two chaotic systems means complete symmetry between them, but phase synchronization means complete symmetry with a phase shift. In addition, the proposed method is applied to the synchronization of two identical chaotic Lorenz models. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm is well illustrated via exhaustive numerical simulation experiments based on the Matlab toolbox of the powerful genetic algorithm. The robustness of the proposed algorithm motivated us to apply this method of synchronization in a secure communication application.

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Baney, Douglas M. "Massive object velocity method for clock synchronization." AIP Advances 12, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 125002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0128188.

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A clock synchronization method is presented based on temporal calibration obtained via the propagation of a massive object. The calibrated massive object velocity combined with launch and receive synchronizations allows synchronization of a distal clock. This approach is an alternative to classical electromagnetic synchronization methods and the slow clock transport concept. The method is presented as an analog to electromagnetic clock synchronization. Relativistic effects and local synchronization between the object and clock are discussed.

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WANG, XINGYUAN, and JIAGANG WANG. "SYNCHRONIZATION AND ANTI-SYNCHRONIZATION OF CHAOTIC SYSTEMS BASED ON LINEAR SEPARATION AND APPLICATIONS IN SECURITY COMMUNICATION." Modern Physics Letters B 21, no. 23 (October 10, 2007): 1545–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984907013730.

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This paper analyzes a coupled dynamic system. Based on the stability criterion of linear systems, a new approach for constructing chaotic synchronization and anti-synchronization is proposed. The complete synchronizations and anti-synchronizations of the coupled dynamic system are achieved via the linear separation method. Finally, the method is applied in security communication. Numerical simulations are provided for illustration and verification of the proposed method.

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WANG, XING-YUAN, and JING ZHANG. "LINEAR AND NONLINEAR GENERALIZED SYNCHRONIZATION OF CHAOTIC SYSTEMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 31 (December 20, 2010): 6143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797921005750x.

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In this paper, the linear and nonlinear generalized synchronization of chaotic systems is investigated. Based on the modified state observer method, a new synchronization approach is proposed with more extensive application scope. The proposed synchronization scheme can realize the linear and nonlinear generalized synchronizations of same dimensional or different dimensional chaotic systems. Sufficient conditions of global asymptotic generalized synchronization between the drive system and the response system are gained on the basis of the state observer theory. Numerical simulations further illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

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Yang, Cheng-Hsiung. "Enhanced Symplectic Synchronization between Two Different Complex Chaotic Systems with Uncertain Parameters." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/193138.

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An enhanced symplectic synchronization of complex chaotic systems with uncertain parameters is studied. The traditional chaos synchronizations are special cases of the enhanced symplectic synchronization. A sufficient condition is given for the asymptotical stability of the null solution of error dynamics. The enhanced symplectic synchronization may be applied to the design of secure communication. Finally, numerical simulations results are performed to verify and illustrate the analytical results.

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Min, Fuhong, and Albert C. J. Luo. "Complex Dynamics of Projective Synchronization of Chua Circuits with Different Scrolls." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 25, no. 05 (May 2015): 1530016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127415300165.

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In this paper, the dynamics mechanism of the projective synchronization of Chua circuits with different scrolls is investigated analytically through the theory of discontinuous dynamical systems. The analytical conditions for the projective synchronization of Chua circuits with chaotic motions are developed. From these conditions, the parameter characteristics of the projective synchronization of Chua circuits with different scrolls are discussed, and the corresponding parameter maps and the invariant domain for such projective synchronization of Chua circuits are presented. Illustrations for partial and full projective synchronizations of the Chua circuits are given. The projective synchronization of Chua circuits is implemented experimentally, and numerical and experimental results are compared.

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Liu, Dehui, Tianzeng Li, and Xiliang He. "Fixed-Time Multi-Switch Combined–Combined Synchronization of Fractional-Order Chaotic Systems with Uncertainties and External Disturbances." Fractal and Fractional 7, no. 4 (March 24, 2023): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7040281.

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In this paper, the fixed-time multi-switch combination–combination synchronization (FTMSCCS) of fractional-order chaotic systems with uncertainties and external disturbances is studied. The appropriate sliding mode surface and controller are proposed based on a Lyapunov theorem, and fixed-time multi-switching combination–combination synchronizations between four fractional-order chaotic systems are realized. The Lyapunov function is designed to prove the feasibility of the controller theoretically, and the effectiveness and robustness of the synchronization mechanism are further verified by numerical simulations. The advantage of this article is that it extends fixed-time synchronization to multi-switch combination–combination synchronization, enabling synchronization for a limited time, while increasing the complexity of the synchronization mechanism and improving its confidentiality in communication applications.

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Sun, Xiaohui, and Xilin Fu. "Synchronization of Two Different Dynamical Systems under Sinusoidal Constraint." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/341635.

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This paper discusses the synchronization of the Van der Pol equation with a pendulum under the sinusoidal constraint through the theory of discontinuous dynamical systems. The analytical conditions for the sinusoidal synchronization of the Van der Pol equation with a periodically forced pendulum are developed. With the conditions, the sinusoidal synchronizations of the two systems are discussed. Switching points for appearance and vanishing of the partial synchronization are developed.

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Han, Qingkai, Hao Zhang, and Jinguo Liu. "Nonlinear Dynamics of Controlled Synchronizations of Manipulator System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/691464.

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The nonlinear dynamics of the manipulator system which is controlled to achieve the synchronization motions is investigated in the paper. Firstly, the control strategies and modeling approaches of the manipulator system are given, in which the synchronization goal is defined by both synchronization errors and its derivatives. The synchronization controllers applied on the manipulator system include neuron synchronization controller, improved OPCL synchronization controller, and MRAC-PD synchronization controller. Then, an improved adaptive synchronized control strategy is proposed in order to estimate online the unknown structure parameters and state variables of the manipulator system and to realize the needed synchronous compensation. Furthermore, a robust adaptive synchronization controller is also researched to guarantee the dynamic stability of the system. Finally, the stability of motion synchronizations of the manipulator system possessing nonlinear component is discussed, together with the effect of control parameters and joint friction and others. Some typical motions such as motion bifurcations and the loss of synchronization of it are obtained and illustrated as periodic, multiperiodic, and/or chaotic motion patterns.

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Mahmoud, Emad E., and Madeha A. Al-Adwani. "Complex anti-synchronization of two indistinguishable chaotic complex nonlinear models." Measurement and Control 52, no. 7-8 (July 24, 2019): 922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294019836112.

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The principal target of this work is to introduce and examine a novel kind of complex synchronization. This sort may be called complex anti-synchronization. There are surprising properties of complex anti-synchronization that do not exist in the writing, for example, (1) this sort of synchronization can dissect just for complex nonlinear frameworks. (2) The complex anti-synchronization contains or connects two sorts of synchronizations (anti-synchronization and complete synchronization). Anti-synchronization happens between the real part of main framework and the imaginary part of the slave framework, although complete synchronization accomplishes between the real part of slave framework and the imaginary part of the main framework. (3) In complex anti-synchronization, the attractors of the essential and slave structures are moving symmetrical to each other with a similar structure. (4) The state variable of the standard framework synchronizes with an other state variable of the slave structure. An explanation of complex anti-synchronization is presented for two indistinguishable chaotic complex nonlinear frameworks. In view of the Lyapunov function, a plan is intended to accomplish complex anti-synchronization of disordered or chaotic attractors of these frameworks. The effectiveness of the obtained results is outlined by a reenactment illustration. Numerical outcomes are plotted to show state variable, modulus errors, phase errors and the development of the attractors of these chaotic frameworks after synchronization to demonstrate that complex anti-synchronization is accomplished.

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Zhang, Hao, Xingyuan Wang, Jun Zhang, and Pengfei Yan. "Multi-switching combination synchronization of spatiotemporal coupled chaotic systems with complexities." International Journal of Modern Physics C 30, no. 09 (September 2019): 1950067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183119500670.

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In this paper, multi-switching combination synchronization for spatiotemporal coupled systems are studied. For the local system in spatiotemporal coupled systems, different local dynamic behaviors are taken into consideration. With the Backstepping method, synchronization controllers are designed for different possible combined errors and corresponding theorems are derived according to the Lyapunov stability theory. In the stability design, multi-switching combination synchronizations can be translated into corresponding combination projective synchronization with different projective factors. In addition, complexities including time delays are considered in the synchronization process. At last, simulation results show the robustness and effectiveness of our methods.

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Zhao, Hui, Lixiang Li, Haipeng Peng, Jinghua Xiao, Yixian Yang, and Mingwen Zheng. "Fixed-time synchronization of multi-links complex network." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 02 (January 20, 2017): 1750008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917500087.

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In the paper, the fixed-time and finite-time synchronizations of multi-links complex network are investigated. Compared with finite-time synchronization, the settling time of fixed-time synchronization is independent of initial conditions. For uncertain multi-links complex networks, this paper further analyzes synchronization mechanism and unknown parameters based on the drive-response concept and finite-time stability theory. Novel synchronization control criteria and the result of parameters identification are, respectively, obtained in a finite time by utilizing Lyapunov function and linear matrix inequality (LMI). Besides, we give other two versions of finite-time synchronization and parameters identification for uncertain multi-links complex network with impulsive control input. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of our theoretical results.

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13

Yang, Cheng-Hsiung. "Symplectic Synchronization of Lorenz-Stenflo System with Uncertain Chaotic Parameters via Adaptive Control." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/528325.

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A new symplectic chaos synchronization of chaotic systems with uncertain chaotic parameters is studied. The traditional chaos synchronizations are special cases of the symplectic chaos synchronization. A sufficient condition is given for the asymptotical stability of the null solution of error dynamics and a parameter difference. The symplectic chaos synchronization with uncertain chaotic parameters may be applied to the design of secure communication systems. Finally, numerical results are studied for symplectic chaos synchronized from two identical Lorenz-Stenflo systems in three different cases.

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14

ITOH, MAKOTO, TAO YANG, and LEON O. CHUA. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF IMPULSIVE SYNCHRONIZATION OF CHAOTIC AND HYPERCHAOTIC CIRCUITS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 09, no. 07 (July 1999): 1393–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127499000961.

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In this paper, experimental results on impulsive synchronization of two kinds of chaotic circuits; namely, Chua's oscillator and a hyperchaotic circuit, are presented. To impulsively synchronize two Chua's oscillators, synchronization impulses sampled from one state variable of the driving circuit are transmitted to the driven circuit. To impulsively synchronize two hyperchaotic circuits, synchronizing impulses sampled from two signals of the driving circuit are sent to the driven circuit. Our experimental results show that the accuracy of impulsive synchronization depends on both the period and the width of the impulse. The ratio between the impulse width and impulse period for "almost-identical" synchronization increases as the impulse period increases. The robustness of impulsive synchronization to additive noise is also experimentally studied. For sufficiently short impulse periods, no significant differences are observed between impulsive and continuous synchronizations. The performance of chaotic spread spectrum communication systems based on impulsive synchronization is also studied experimentally.

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SURESH, R., D. V. SENTHILKUMAR, M. LAKSHMANAN, and J. KURTHS. "GLOBAL AND PARTIAL PHASE SYNCHRONIZATIONS IN ARRAYS OF PIECEWISE LINEAR TIME-DELAY SYSTEMS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 22, no. 07 (July 2012): 1250178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127412501787.

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In this paper, we report the phenomena of global and partial phase synchronizations in linear arrays of unidirectionally coupled piecewise linear time-delay systems. In particular, in a linear array with open end boundary conditions, global phase synchronization (GPS) is achieved by a sequential synchronization of local oscillators in the array as a function of the coupling strength (a second order transition). Several phase synchronized clusters are also formed during the transition to GPS at intermediate values of the coupling strength, as a prelude to full scale synchronization. On the other hand, in a linear array with closed end boundary conditions (ring topology), partial phase synchronization (PPS) is achieved by forming different groups of phase synchronized clusters above some threshold value of the coupling strength (a first order transition) where they continue to be in a stable PPS state. We confirm the occurrence of both global and partial phase synchronizations in two different piecewise linear time-delay systems using various qualitative and quantitative measures in three different frameworks, namely, using explicit phase, recurrence quantification analysis and the framework of localized sets.

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LUO, ALBERT C. J., and FUHONG MIN. "THE MECHANISM OF A CONTROLLED PENDULUM SYNCHRONIZING WITH PERIODIC MOTIONS IN A PERIODICALLY FORCED, DAMPED DUFFING OSCILLATOR." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 21, no. 07 (July 2011): 1813–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127411029495.

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In this paper, the analytical conditions for the controlled pendulum synchronizing with periodic motions in the Duffing oscillator are developed using the theory of discontinuous dynamical systems. From the analytical conditions, the synchronization invariant domain is obtained. The partial and full synchronizations of the controlled pendulum with periodic motions in the Duffing oscillator are discussed. The control parameter map for the synchronization is achieved from the analytical conditions, and numerical illustrations of the partial and full synchronizations are carried out to illustrate the analytical conditions. This synchronization is different from the controlled Duffing oscillator synchronizing with chaotic motion in the periodically excited pendulum. Because the periodically forced, damped Duffing oscillator possesses periodic and chaotic motions, further investigation on the controlled pendulum synchronizing with complicated periodic and chaotic motions in the Duffing oscillator will be accomplished in sequel.

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Park, Hyun Jae, Cheol-woong Lee, Taeyoung Shin, Byeong-hee Roh, Soo Bum Park, and Jungwook Choi. "Implementation of Embedded Testbeds Using USRP and GNU-Radio for Performance Measurement and Analysis of PPS and PCO-Based Time Synchronizations." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2021010103.

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In wireless networks, time synchronization is one of the key functions for the MAC and the physical layer because it is important to accurately transmit data by maintaining the order and consistency of transmission between nodes. The time synchronization can be divided into centralized and distributed methods and there are many synchronization schemes. However, there are little testbeds for comparing and analyzing various time synchronization schemes in a real environment. Most papers analyze the proposed time synchronization algorithm by simulation, and some testbeds are also configured for the proposed scheme only. In this paper, the authors build embedded testbeds using USRP and GNU-Radio. The two typical methods of the centralized and decentralized time synchronizations, PPS, and PCO-based schemes, respectively, are implemented on the testbeds and their performances are measured and analyzed in the real environment.

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WANG, XINGYUAN, and BING XU. "THE SYNCHRONIZATION FOR AUTONOMOUS CHAOTIC SYSTEMS WITH DISTURBANCE OF PARAMETER." International Journal of Modern Physics B 26, no. 09 (April 10, 2012): 1250058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979212500580.

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This paper analyzes the synchronizations for autonomous chaotic systems with disturbance of parameter, achieves the self-synchronization of Lü system, a modified coupled dynamos system and a four-dimensional hyperchaotic system by the methods of active control and adaptive parameter. In addition, the synchronization of Lorenz system and Chen system is presented. Numerical simulations are provided for illustration and verification of the proposed method.

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Al Themairi, A., Tarek M. Abed-Elhameed, and Ahmed A. Farghaly. "Tracking Control Method for Double Compound-Combination Synchronization of Fractional Chaotic Systems and Its Application in Secure Communication." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (September 24, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5301689.

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This paper introduces the chaotic fractional-order Sprott Q system and its dynamics. The double compound combination of eight fractional-order chaotic synchronizations was investigated. This kind of synchronization is considered a generalization of many types of synchronization given in the literature. The analytical formula of the control functions is developed and proven using the tracking control method. As we know the fractional derivatives of two multiple functions are very difficult to calculate, and the tracking control method is more suitable for this kind of synchronization. This technique’s communication is more secure and reliable because there are more drive and response systems. To achieve the proposed synchronization, four driving and four response identical chaotic systems are used as an example. This scheme may be used in many applications such as secure communications and safe information. Using the proposed double compound-combination synchronization is an example given to encrypt a message. The analytical results were confirmed by numerical simulation, and we found good agreement.

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Soundarapandian, Karthik, and Ashok Kumar Ambrose. "Clock Synchronization using Truncated Mean and Whale Optimization for Clustered Sensor Networks." International journal of Computer Networks & Communications 13, no. 3 (May 31, 2021): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijcnc.2021.13304.

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Clock synchronization is an important component in many distributed applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The deprived method of clock offset and skew estimation causes inaccuracy, synchronization delay, and communication overhead in the protocols. Hence, this paper exploits two techniques of variation truncated mean (VTM) and whale optimization (WO) to enhance the synchronization metrics. Sensor nodes are grouped into several non-overlapped clusters. The cluster head collects the member nodes’ local time and computes the synchronization time 𝑆𝑍𝑡 using the truncated mean method. Nodes with a high variation in the timings compared to a preset value are truncated. The head node broadcasts the 𝑆𝑍𝑡 in which the whale optimization is aiming at each node to reduce the synchronization error. The intra and inter-cluster synchronizations are accomplished through the multihop message exchange approach. The theoretical analysis is validated, and the simulation outcomes show that the performance metrics in the proposed work are better than the conventional methods by achieving minimum error value.

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BOLLT, ERIK M. "SYNCHRONIZATION AS A PROCESS OF SHARING AND TRANSFERRING INFORMATION." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 22, no. 11 (November 2012): 1250261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127412502616.

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Synchronization of chaotic oscillators has become well characterized by errors which shrink relative to a synchronization manifold. This manifold is the identity function in the case of identical systems, or some other slow manifold in the case of generalized synchronizaton in the case of nonidentical components. On the other hand, since many decades beginning with the Smale horseshoe, chaotic oscillators can be well understood in terms of symbolic dynamics as information producing processes. We study here the synchronization of a pair of chaotic oscillators as a process for sharing information bearing bits transferred between each other, by measuring the transfer entropy tracked as the global system transitions to the synchronization state. Further, we present for the first time the notion of transfer entropy in the measure theoretic setting of transfer operators.

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WANG, QINGYUN, QISHAO LU, and GUANRONG CHEN. "SYNCHRONIZATION TRANSITION INDUCED BY SYNAPTIC DELAY IN COUPLED FAST-SPIKING NEURONS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 18, no. 04 (April 2008): 1189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127408020914.

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Synchronization of coupled fast-spiking neurons with chemical synapses is studied in this paper. It is shown that by varying some key parameters such as the coupling strength and the decay rate of synapses, two coupled fast-spiking neurons can exhibit various firing synchronizations including periodic and chaotic motions. Different types of firing synchronizations are diagnosed by means of bifurcation diagrams and the largest Lyapunov exponent of the error dynamical system. However, with the synaptic delay considered, two coupled neurons can show different types of transitions of in-phase and anti-phase synchronizations and these transitions can be identified from the bifurcation diagrams and the variations of the phase errors of the coupled neurons. The revealed complicated synchronization modes effectively provide important guidelines to understanding collective behaviors of coupled neurons.

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Ghosh, Anupam, Samadhan A. Pawar, and R. I. Sujith. "Anticipating synchrony in dynamical systems using information theory." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32, no. 3 (March 2022): 031103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0079255.

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Synchronization in coupled dynamical systems has been a well-known phenomenon in the field of nonlinear dynamics for a long time. This phenomenon has been investigated extensively both analytically and experimentally. Although synchronization is observed in different areas of our real life, in some cases, this phenomenon is harmful; consequently, an early warning of synchronization becomes an unavoidable requirement. This paper focuses on this issue and proposes a reliable measure ([Formula: see text]), from the perspective of the information theory, to detect complete and generalized synchronizations early in the context of interacting oscillators. The proposed measure [Formula: see text] is an explicit function of the joint entropy and mutual information of the coupled oscillators. The applicability of [Formula: see text] to anticipate generalized and complete synchronizations is justified using numerical analysis of mathematical models and experimental data. Mathematical models involve the interaction of two low-dimensional, autonomous, chaotic oscillators and a network of coupled Rössler and van der Pol oscillators. The experimental data are generated from laboratory-scale turbulent thermoacoustic systems.

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Anwar, Md Sayeed, and Dibakar Ghosh. "Intralayer and interlayer synchronization in multiplex network with higher-order interactions." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32, no. 3 (March 2022): 033125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0074641.

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Recent developments in complex systems have witnessed that many real-world scenarios, successfully represented as networks, are not always restricted to binary interactions but often include higher-order interactions among the nodes. These beyond pairwise interactions are preferably modeled by hypergraphs, where hyperedges represent higher-order interactions between a set of nodes. In this work, we consider a multiplex network where the intralayer connections are represented by hypergraphs, called the multiplex hypergraph. The hypergraph is constructed by mapping the maximal cliques of a scale-free network to hyperedges of suitable sizes. We investigate the intralayer and interlayer synchronizations of such multiplex structures. Our study unveils that the intralayer synchronization appreciably enhances when a higher-order structure is taken into consideration in spite of only pairwise connections. We derive the necessary condition for stable synchronization states by the master stability function approach, which perfectly agrees with the numerical results. We also explore the robustness of interlayer synchronization and find that for the multiplex structures with many-body interaction, the interlayer synchronization is more persistent than the multiplex networks with solely pairwise interaction.

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Eckhorn, Reinhard. "Cortical synchronization suggests neural principles of visual feature grouping." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 60, no. 2 (June 30, 2000): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-2000-1345.

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Compositions of visual scenes are related here to neural signals in visual cortex and to cortical circuit models to understand neural mechanisms of perceptual feature grouping. Starting from the hypothesis that synchronization and decoupling of cortical γ-activities (35-90 Hz) define the relations among visual objects, we concentrate on synchronization related to (1) static retinal stimulation during ocular fixation, and (2) transient stimulation by sudden shifts in object position. The synchronization hypothesis has been tested by analyzing signal correlations in visual cortex of monkeys with the following results: Static retinal stimuli induce loosely phase-coupled γ-activities among neurons of an object's cortical representation. Patches of γ-synchronization become decoupled across the representation of an object's contour, and therby can code figure-ground segregation. Transient stimuli evoke synchronized volleys of stimulus-locked activities that are typically non-rhythmic and include low frequency components in addition to those in the γ-range. It is argued that stimulus-induced and stimulus-locked synchronizations may play different roles in perceptual feature grouping.

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Drake, Carolyn, Amandine Penel, and Emmanuel Bigand. "Tapping in Time with Mechanically and Expressively Performed Music." Music Perception 18, no. 1 (2000): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40285899.

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We investigate how the presence of performance microstructure (small variations in timing, intensity, and articulation) influences listeners' perception of musical excerpts, by measuring the way in which listeners synchronize with the excerpts. Musicians and nonmusicians tapped on a drum in synchrony with six musical excerpts, each presented in three versions: mechanical (synthesized from the score, without microstructure), accented (mechanical, with intensity accents), and expressive (performed by a concert pianist, with all types of microstructure). Participants' synchronizations with these excerpts were characterized in terms of three processes described in Mari Riess Jones's Dynamic Attending Theory: attunement (ease of synchronization), use of a referent level (spontaneous synchronization rate), and focal attending (range of synchronization levels). As predicted by beat induction models, synchronization was better with the temporally regular mechanical and accented versions than with the expressive versions. However, synchronization with expressive versions occurred at higher (slower) levels, within a narrower range of synchronization levels, and corresponded more frequently to the theoretically correct metrical hierarchy. We conclude that performance microstructure transmits a particular metrical interpretation to the listener and enables the perceptual organization of events over longer time spans. Compared with nonmusicians, musicians synchronized more accurately (heightened attunement), tapped more slowly (slower referent level), and used a wider range of hierarchical levels when instructed (enhanced focal attending), more often corresponding to the theoretically correct metrical hierarchy. We conclude that musicians perceptually organize events over longer time spans and have a more complete hierarchical representation of the music than do nonmusicians.

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Zheng, Zhigang, and Gang Hu. "Generalized synchronization versus phase synchronization." Physical Review E 62, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): 7882–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.62.7882.

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Li, Li, Zhiguo Zhao, and Huaguang Gu. "Bifurcations of Time-Delay-Induced Multiple Transitions Between In-Phase and Anti-Phase Synchronizations in Neurons with Excitatory or Inhibitory Synapses." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 29, no. 11 (October 2019): 1950147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127419501475.

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Time-delay-induced synchronous behaviors and synchronization transitions have been widely investigated for coupled neurons, and they play important roles for physiological functions. In the present study, time-delay-induced synchronized subthreshold oscillations were simulated, and the bifurcations underlying the synchronized behaviors were identified for a pair of coupled FitzHugh–Nagumo neurons. Multiple transitions between in-phase and anti-phase synchronizations induced by the time delay were simulated for the inhibitory and excitatory couplings. Subcritical or supercritical Hopf bifurcations and the stability of the Hopf-bifurcating periodic subthreshold oscillations were acquired using center manifold reduction and normal form theory. The in-phase or anti-phase synchronizations of the stable periodic subthreshold oscillations, which appear for multiple values of the time delay, were interpreted with the related eigenspace. The distributions of the different dynamical behaviors, including the synchronizations and bifurcations in the two-parameter plane of the time delay and coupling strength, were acquired for both types of synapses, and the different roles of the inhibitory and excitatory couplings on the synchronization transitions were compared.

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Godoy-Diana, Ramiro, Jérôme Vacher, Veronica Raspa, and Benjamin Thiria. "On the Fluid Dynamical Effects of Synchronization in Side-by-Side Swimmers." Biomimetics 4, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4040077.

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In-phase and anti-phase synchronization of neighboring swimmers is examined experimentally using two self-propelled independent flexible foils swimming side-by-side in a water tank. The foils are actuated by pitching oscillations at one extremity—the head of the swimmers—and the flow engendered by their undulations is analyzed using two-dimensional particle image velocimetry in their frontal symmetry plane. Following recent observations on the behavior of real fish, we focus on the comparison between in-phase and anti-phase actuation by fixing all other geometric and kinematic parameters. We show that swimming with a neighbor is beneficial for both synchronizations tested, as compared to swimming alone, with an advantage for the anti-phase synchronization. We show that the advantage of anti-phase synchronization in terms of swimming performance for the two-foil “school” results from the emergence of a periodic coherent jet between the two swimmers.

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Bilotta, Eleonora, Francesco Chiaravalloti, and Pietro Pantano. "Spontaneous Synchronization in Two Mutually Coupled Memristor-Based Chua’s Circuits: Numerical Investigations." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/594962.

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Chaotic dynamics of numerous memristor-based circuits is widely reported in literature. Recently, some works have appeared which study the problem of synchronization control of these systems in a master-slave configuration. In the present paper, the spontaneous dynamic behavior of two chaotic memristor-based Chua’s circuits, mutually interacting through a coupling resistance, was studied via computer simulations in order to study possible self-organized synchronization phenomena. The used memristor is a flux controlled memristor with a cubic nonlinearity, and it can be regarded as a time-varying memductance. The memristor, in effect, retains memory of its past dynamic and any difference in the initial conditions of the two circuits results in different values of the corresponding memductances. In this sense, due to the memory effect of the memristor, even if coupled circuits have the same parameters they do not constitute two completely identical chaotic oscillators. As is known, for nonidentical chaotic systems, in addition to complete synchronizations (CS) other weaker forms of synchronization which provide correlations between the signals of the two systems can also occur. Depending on initial conditions and coupling strength, both chaotic and nonchaotic synchronization are observed for the system considered in this work.

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Kekha Javan, Ali Akbar, Assef Zare, and Roohallah Alizadehsani. "Multi-State Synchronization of Chaotic Systems with Distributed Fractional Order Derivatives and Its Application in Secure Communications." Big Data and Cognitive Computing 6, no. 3 (July 27, 2022): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6030082.

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This study investigates multiple synchronizations of distributed fractional-order chaotic systems. These systems consider unknown parameters, disturbance, and time delays. A robust adaptive control method is designed for multistage distributed fractional-order chaotic systems. In this paper, system parameters are changed step by step. Using Lyapunov’s function, while the synchronization error convergence to zero is guaranteed, adaptive rules are designed to estimate the parameters. Then, a secure communication scheme is proposed using the new chaotic masking method. Finally, the simulations are performed on a chaotic system of distributed Duffing fractional order. The results show the high efficiency of the proposed synchronization scheme using robust adaptive control, despite the parametric uncertainties, external disturbance, and variable and unknown time delays. Then, the simulations were performed on the sinusoidal signals of the message in the application of secure communications. The results showed the success of the proposed masking scheme with synchronization in coding and decoding information.

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32

Balaraman, Gouthaman S., and N. Ananthkrishnan. "Synchronization." Resonance 10, no. 5 (May 2005): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02871328.

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Jürgensen, Helmut. "Synchronization." Information and Computation 206, no. 9-10 (September 2008): 1033–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ic.2008.03.005.

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Pikovsky, Arkady, and Michael Rosenblum. "Synchronization." Scholarpedia 2, no. 12 (2007): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.1459.

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Blekhman, I. I., A. L. Fradkov, H. Nijmeijer, and A. Yu Pogromsky. "On self-synchronization and controlled synchronization." Systems & Control Letters 31, no. 5 (October 1997): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6911(97)00047-9.

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Mahmoud, Emad E., and Fatimah S. Abood. "A New Nonlinear Chaotic Complex Model and Its Complex Antilag Synchronization." Complexity 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3848953.

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Another chaotic nonlinear Lü model with complex factors is covered here. We can build this riotous complex system when we add a complex nonlinear term to the third condition of the complex Lü system and think of it as if every one of the factors is mind boggling or complex. This system in real adaptation is a 6-dimensional continuous autonomous chaotic system. Different types of chaotic complex Lü system are developed. Also, another sort of synchronization is presented by us which is simple for anybody to ponder for the chaotic complex nonlinear system. This sort might be called a complex antilag synchronization (CALS). There are irregular properties for CALS and they do not exist in the literature; for example, (i) the CALS contains or fused two sorts of synchronizations (antilag synchronization ALS and lag synchronization LS); (ii) in CALS the attractors of the main and slave systems are moving opposite or similar to each other with time lag; (iii) the state variable of the main system synchronizes with a different state variable of the slave system. A scheme is intended to accomplish CALS of chaotic complex systems in light of Lyapunov function. The acquired outcomes and effectiveness can be represented by a simulation case for our new model.

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Wang, Xiao Fan, and Zhi Quan Wang. "Synchronization of Chua's Oscillators with the Third State as the Driving Signal." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 08, no. 07 (July 1998): 1599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812749800125x.

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In this paper, we study the use of the third state as the driving signal to achiee synchronizaton of two Chua's oscillators. We prove that globally asymptotic synchronization can be attained via linear error feedback. Simulation results are presented to verify the operation of the design.

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38

Feijiang, Huang, Li Xiaoyong, Sun Liping, Sheng wang, Zhang Wenxi, and Liu Guangcan. "Design of Layered Aerospace Time Synchronization Architecture and Time Synchronization Links Budget Comparison." International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking 6, no. 6 (December 31, 2013): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijfgcn.2013.6.6.06.

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PERLIKOWSKI, P., M. KAPITANIAK, K. CZOLCZYNSKI, A. STEFANSKI, and T. KAPITANIAK. "CHAOS IN COUPLED CLOCKS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 22, no. 12 (December 2012): 1250288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127412502884.

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We consider the dynamics of two pendulum clocks (with pendulums of the same length but different masses) suspended on the same beam. We give evidence that besides the complete and phase synchronizations, the considered system can exhibit long period synchronization and chaotic behavior. We argue that the observed phenomena are robust.

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Wang, Zhen-Hua, and Zong-Hua Liu. "Partial synchronization in complex networks: Chimera state, remote synchronization, and cluster synchronization." Acta Physica Sinica 69, no. 8 (2020): 088902. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.69.20191973.

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Spavieri, Gianfranco, and Espen Gaarder Haug. "Why the Sagnac effect favors absolute over relative simultaneity." Physics Essays 32, no. 3 (September 29, 2019): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-32.3.331.

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We consider a thought experiment, equivalent to the Sagnac effect, where a light signal performs a round trip over a closed path. If special relativity (SR) adopts Einstein synchronization, the result of the experiment shows that the local light speed cannot be c in every section of the closed path. No inconsistencies are found when adopting absolute synchronization. Since Einstein and absolute synchronizations can be discriminated, the conventionality of the one-way speed of light holds no longer. Thus, as sustained by specialists, it might be a viable formulation of SR that reinstates the conservation of simultaneity, even though it allows for relativistic effects, such as time dilation. Such an approach may lead to the discovery of new effects and a better understanding of relativistic theories.

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Ariunbold, Gombojav O. "On Macroscopic Quantum Coherence with Synchronized Atoms and Molecules: Superradiance." Processes 10, no. 9 (September 17, 2022): 1885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10091885.

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The collective behavior of quantum particles is one of the most intriguing phenomena in quantum optics. In particular, superradiance refers to spontaneous collective emissions from a group of quantum particles behaving collectively as a whole due to the buildup of macroscopic quantum coherence. An important question is whether macroscopic quantum coherence is constructed by means of a quantum synchronization (i.e., a quantum analog of classical synchronization) or not. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to this question from the author’s perspective. A few selected studies relevant to synchronized atoms and molecules are discussed. The author concludes that collective behaviors of quantum particles may be formulated as quantum synchronizations, but extensive studies are still needed to confirm this hypothesis.

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Won, SeungHwan, and Lajos Hanzo. "Synchronization of Noncoherent MIMO Systems: Synchronization Issues." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 7, no. 4 (December 2012): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2012.2216655.

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Lipowski, Adam, and Michel Droz. "Synchronization and partial synchronization of linear maps." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 347 (March 2005): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2004.09.047.

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Song, Qiankun, and Jinde Cao. "Synchronization and anti-synchronization for chaotic systems." Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 33, no. 3 (August 2007): 929–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2006.01.041.

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Lopes, Luís Mário, Sara Fernandes, and Clara Grácio. "Complete synchronization and delayed synchronization in couplings." Nonlinear Dynamics 79, no. 2 (November 7, 2014): 1615–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-014-1764-8.

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Jian, Gao, Zheng Zhi-Gang, He Dai-Hai, and Zhang Ting-Xian. "Transition to Phase Synchronization Through Generalized Synchronization." Chinese Physics Letters 20, no. 7 (June 17, 2003): 999–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/20/7/308.

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Majumdar, Kaushik, Pradeep D. Prasad, and Shailesh Verma. "Synchronization Implies Seizure or Seizure Implies Synchronization?" Brain Topography 27, no. 1 (April 6, 2013): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10548-013-0284-z.

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Ekhande, Rahul, and Sanjay Deshmukh. "Chaotic Synchronization in Digital Communication." International Journal of Engineering Research 3, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): 458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17950/ijer/v3s7/711.

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Morozov, A. D., and K. E. Morozov. "On Synchronization of Quasiperiodic Oscillations." Nelineinaya Dinamika 14, no. 3 (2018): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20537/nd180307.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Synchronization'

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