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Journal articles on the topic 'Symbols'
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1
Clowes, Robert. "Semiotic symbols and the missing theory of thinking." Interaction Studies 8, no. 1 (June 13, 2007): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.8.1.07clo.
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This paper compares the nascent theory of the ‘semiotic symbol’ in cognitive science with its computational relative. It finds that the semiotic symbol as it is understood in recent practical and theoretical work does not have the resources to explain the role of symbols in cognition. In light of this argument, an alternative model of symbol internalisation, based on Vygotsky, is put forward which goes further in showing how symbols can go from playing intersubjective communicative roles to intrasubjective cognitive ones. Such a formalisation restores the symbol’s cognitive and communicative dimensions to their proper roles.
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Lesch, Mary F. "A Semantic Relatedness Paradigm for Assessing Comprehension of Warning Symbols." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 19 (September 2005): 1795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504901909.
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In order to avoid critical misunderstandings, comprehension of warning symbols must be assessed prior to use. This study implemented a new method for testing warning symbols — a semantic relatedness task with paired-response contingent scoring. The participant views the symbol with a label and is asked whether the label conveys the meaning of the symbol. On some trials the label is correct whereas, on others, distractors are presented. A symbol is “understood” only if the respondent accepts the correct answer and rejects all alternatives. 48 participants were tested on twenty-eight warning symbols using a semantic relatedness task and a staged questionnaire (Davies et al., 1998). Three types of knowledge were assessed: 1) the symbol's verbal label, 2) required or prohibited actions, and 3) consequences of failing to comply. There was a strong correspondence in scores across the two methods. It is concluded that the semantic relatedness task is an attractive alternative to open-ended and multiple-choice test methods.
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Schlosser, Ralf W., Rajinder Koul, Howard Shane, James Sorce, Kristofer Brock, Ashley Harmon, Dorothy Moerlein, and Emilia Hearn. "Effects of Animation on Naming and Identification Across Two Graphic Symbol Sets Representing Verbs and Prepositions." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 57, no. 5 (October 2014): 1779–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_jslhr-l-13-0193.
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Purpose The effects of animation on naming and identification of graphic symbols for verbs and prepositions were studied in 2 graphic symbol sets in preschoolers. Method Using a 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 completely randomized block design, preschoolers across three age groups were randomly assigned to combinations of symbol set (Autism Language Program [ALP] Animated Graphics or Picture Communication Symbols [PCS]), symbol format (animated or static), and word class (verbs or prepositions). Children were asked to name symbols and to identify a target symbol from an array given the spoken label. Results Animated symbols were more readily named than static symbols, although this was more pronounced for verbs than for prepositions. ALP symbols were named more accurately than PCS in particular with prepositions. Animation did not facilitate identification. ALP symbols for prepositions were identified better than PCS, but there was no difference for verbs. Finally, older children guessed and identified symbols more effectively than younger children. Conclusions Animation improves the naming of graphic symbols for verbs. For prepositions, ALP symbols are named more accurately and are more readily identifiable than PCS. Naming and identifying symbols are learned skills that develop over time. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.
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Florence, David, and R. Edward Geiselman. "Human Performance Evaluation of Alternative Graphic Display Symbologies." Perceptual and Motor Skills 63, no. 2 (October 1986): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1986.63.2.399.
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Nonmilitary subjects learned each of two types of foreground symbol sets (conventional symbols and iconic symbols) and were then shown a series of computer displays containing various symbol configurations. Each subject was required to search for specified foreground symbols under the conditions of high and low density of symbols, restricted and nonrestricted search, and pictorial versus nonpictorial target-symbol presentation. Iconic symbols yielded faster search times than conventional symbols under the condition of nonrestricted search and under the condition of nonpictorial target symbol presentation. These results suggest that iconic symbols are both easier to locate and easier to recall from memory. In addition, regardless of the type of symbology, high-density display increased search times. It was concluded that a system that incorporates both iconic symbols and selective call-up on foreground information would likely result in optimal human performance on search-related tasks.
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Puspita, Dita Andrea. "SIMBOL METAFORA DALAM LIRIK LAGU BTS PADA ALBUM BTS, THE BEST (Kajian Semiotik)." JHP17 8, no. 1 (April 17, 2023): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/jhp17.v8i1.8255.
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Simbol merupakan komponen yang harus ada dan jelas dalam puisi, karena jika tidak ada, suatu karya tersebut tidak dapat dikatakan sebuah puisi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengklasifikasi simbol metafora yang terdapat pada lirik lagu BTS dalam album BTS, The Best. Data berupa lirik lagu BTS yang mengandung blank symbol, private symbol, dan natural symbol berdasarkan teori simbol metafora oleh C. S. Pierce yang diperoleh dari dari lirik lagu berjudul Crystal Snow, Film Out, Lights, Let Go, dan Your Eyes Tell. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan semiotik. Setelah dilakukan analisis terhadap 201 baris lirik lagu ditemukan 47 simbol metafora. Simbol metafora yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah metafora blank symbol terdapat 26 simbol metafora, kemudian metafora private symbol terdapat 16 simbol metafora, metafora natural symbol dengan fenomena air terdapat 2 simbol metafora, metafora natural symbol dengan fenomena udara terdapat 2 simbol metafora dan untuk metafora yang paling sedikit ditemukan adalah metafora natural symbol dengan fenomena tumbuhan hanya terdapat 1 simbol metafora. Untuk metafora natural symbol dengan fenomena tanah dan hewan tidak ditemukan dalam penelitian ini.
Kata Kunci: Semiotika, Simbol Metafora, Lirik Lagu.
Symbols are a component that must be present and clear in poetry, because if they are not there, a work cannot be said to be a poem. The purpose of this study is to classify the metaphorical symbols contained in the lyrics of BTS songs in the BTS, The Best album. The data are taken form BTS’s song lyrics containing blank symbol, private symbol, and natural symbol. This research use C. S. Pierce’s theory of metaphorical symbols stylist obtained the song lyrics Crystal Snow, Film Out, Lights, Let Go, and Your Eyes Tell. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with semiotic approach. After analyzing 201 lines of song lyrics, 47 metaphorical symbols were found. The most metaphorical symbols found are blank symbol with 26 metaphorical symbols, private symbol contained 16 metaphorical symbols, natural symbol with water phenomena contained 2 metaphorical symbols, natural symbol with air phenomena contained 2 metaphorical symbols and natural symbol with plant phenomena contained 1 metaphorical symbol. For natural symbol with soil and animal phenomena not found in this research.
Keywords: Semiotics, Metaphorical Symbols, Song Lyrics.
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Sigdel, Surya Bhakta. "Culture and Symbolism Nexus in Anthropology." Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 7, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v7i1.23061.
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Study of symbols or the theory of symbolism makes micro study of the culture. Symbols are the gestures, objects and language, which form the basis of human communication. Interpretation of symbol may differ according to the culture. At the same time a symbol may have one meaning in one culture another meaning in another culture. Symbols represent signs which are used to signify objects, real or imaginary. Symbols are arbitrary based on convention of culture. Interpretation of symbol depends on culture. Symbols are means of Communication of language, a form of ritual expression, cultural interpretation, expression of art and belief. Symbols should not be looked at in an abstract way and at meaning as constructed apart from human action but rather at the way meaning is constructed and used in the context of this action. Symbolism studies how a culture functions on the basis of its meanings, how a symbol is interpreted and so on. Symbolism studies the interrelationship between culture, language and people. Culture is constructed on the basis of different symbols. There are different meanings of symbols. The same symbol in different contexts may have different kinds of meanings. Symbols are directed by cultural norms. As cultural norms are diverse symbols too are multicoil, multifocal and multivariate and they can represent many things. Symbols do not necessarily have the same meaning in different context. Thick description by Clifford Geertz takes into account the fact that any aspect of human behavior has more than one meaning.
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Pollack, Courtney. "Same-different judgments with alphabetic characters: The case of literal symbol processing." Journal of Numerical Cognition 5, no. 2 (August 22, 2019): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jnc.v5i2.163.
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Learning mathematics requires fluency with symbols that convey numerical magnitude. Algebra and higher-level mathematics involve literal symbols, such as "x", that often represent numerical magnitude. Compared to other symbols, such as Arabic numerals, literal symbols may require more complex processing because they have strong pre-existing associations in literacy. The present study tested this notion using same-different tasks that produce less efficient judgments for different magnitudes that are closer together compared to farther apart (i.e., same-different distance effects). Twenty-four adolescents completed three same-different tasks using Arabic numerals, literal symbols, and artificial symbols. All three symbolic formats produced same-different distance effects, showing literal and artificial symbol processing of numerical magnitude. Importantly, judgments took longer for literal symbols than artificial symbols on average, suggesting a cost specific to literal symbol processing. Taken together, results suggest that literal symbol processing differs from processing of other symbols that represent numerical magnitude.
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Brewer, Cynthia, and Andrew J. Campbell. "Beyond Graduated Circles: Varied Point Symbols for Representing Quantitative Data on Maps." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 29 (March 1, 1998): 6–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp29.672.
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Graduated point symbols are viewed as an appropriate choice for many thematic maps of data associated with point locations. Areal quantitative data, reported by such enumeration units as countries, are frequently presented with choropleth maps but are also well suited to point symbol representations. Our objective is to provide an ordered set of examples of the many point-symbol forms used on maps by showing symbols with linear, areal, and volumetric scaling on repeated small maps of the same data set. Bivariate point symbols are also demonstrated with emphasis on the distinction between symbols appropriate for comparison (separate symbols) and those appropriate for proportional relationships (segmented symbols). In this paper, the variety of point symbol use is described, organized, and encourage, as is research on these varied symbols and their multivariate forms.
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Lumsden, David. "How Can a Symbol System Come into Being?" Dialogue 44, no. 1 (2005): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300003759.
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AbstractOne holistic thesis about symbols is that a symbol cannot exist singly, but only as apart of a symbol system. There is also the plausible view that symbol systems emerge gradually in an individual, in a group, and in a species. The problem is that symbol holism makes it hard to see how a symbol system can emerge gradually, at least if we are considering the emergence of a first symbol system. The only way it seems possible is if being a symbol can be a matter of degree, which is initially problematic. This article explains how being a cognitive symbol can be a matter of degree after all. The contrary intuition arises from the way a process of interpretation forces an all-or-nothing character on symbols, leaving room for underlying material to realize symbols to different degrees in a way that Daniel Dennett's work can help illuminate. Holism applies to symbols as interpreted, while gradualism applies to how the underlying material realizes symbols.
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Quan, Yining, Yuanyuan Shi, Qiguang Miao, and Yutao Qi. "A Combinatorial Solution to Point Symbol Recognition." Sensors 18, no. 10 (October 11, 2018): 3403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18103403.
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Recent work has shown that recognizing point symbols is an essential task in the field of map digitization. For the identification of symbols, it is generally necessary to compare the symbols with a specific criterion and find the most similar one with each known symbol one by one. Most of the works can only identify a single symbol, a small number of works are to deal with multiple symbols simultaneously with a low recognition accuracy. Given the two deficiencies, this paper proposes a deep transfer learning architecture, where the task is to learn a symbol classifier with AlexNet. For the insufficient dataset, we develop a method for transfer learning that uses a MNIST dataset to pretrain the model, which makes up for the problem of small training dataset and enhances the generalization of the model. Before the recognition process, preprocessing the point symbols in the map to coarse screening out the areas suspected of point symbols. We show a significant improvement over using point symbol images to keep a high performance in being able to deal with many more categories of symbols simultaneously.
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Zender, Mike. "Symbols." Visible Language 56, no. 1 (May 9, 2022): 72–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.34314/vl.v56i1.4936.
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Numerous studies support the thesis that icons frequently fail to communicate because designers have not appreciated that icons combine multiple symbols which interact to evoke meaning. Because symbols interact, a designer must know which symbols to combine and how to draw each symbol so that icons communicate clearly. This article brings together numerous research studies that explored new methods for designing icons based on the interaction of symbols.
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Horozov, Ivan, and Matt Kerr. "Reciprocity Laws on Algebraic Surfaces via Iterated Integrals." Journal of K-Theory 14, no. 2 (September 30, 2014): 273–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/is014006014jkt271.
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AbstractIn this paper we introduce new local symbols, which we call 4-function local symbols. We formulate reciprocity laws for them. These reciprocity laws are proven using a new method - multidimensional iterated integrals. Besides providing reciprocity laws for the new 4-function local symbols, the same method works for proving reciprocity laws for the Parshin symbol. Both the new 4-function local symbols and the Parshin symbol can be expressed as a finite product of newly defined bi-local symbols, each of which satisfies a reciprocity law. TheK-theoretic variant of the first 4-function local symbol is defined in the Appendix. It differs by a sign from the one defined via iterated integrals. Both the sign and theK-theoretic variant of the 4-function local symbol satisfy reciprocity laws, whose proof is based on MilnorK-theory (see the Appendix). The relation of the 4-function local symbols to the double free loop space of the surface is given by iterated integrals over membranes.
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Yuli Sinaga, Santa, Jekmen Sinulingga, and Ramlan Damanik. "Ritual Mangan Indahan Siporhis Ethnic Batak Toba: Social Semiotic Study." International Journal of Research and Review 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2024): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240329.
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This research is entitled "Ritual Mangan Indahan Siporhis Ethnic Batak Toba." This research aims to describe the symbols in the Mangan Indahan Siporhis Ritual of the Toba Batak ethnicity, the symbol message in the Mangan Indahan Siporhis Ritual of the Toba Batak ethnicity, the symbol value contained in the Mangan Indahan Siporhis Ritual of the Toba Batak ethnicity. The theory used in this research is the theory of social semiotics proposed by Peirce (1839-1914 (Sobur, 2003: 159) and Pateda (2001: 29), using descriptive qualitative methods with structured interview observations. The research results found are (1) stages in the mangan indahan siporhis ritual of the Toba Batak ethnicity, (2) social status marker symbols, (3) time symbols, (4) 7 food symbols, (5) 7 equipment symbols, 14 symbol messages and 6 symbol values of solidarity, mutual assistance, togetherness, mutual consent, cooperation and social symbol values. Keywords: Mangan indahan siporhis ritual, symbol, value, social semiotics.
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Walancik, Marek. "Symbole wielokulturowości w przestrzeni publicznej na rzecz przeciwdziałania nietolerancji." Studia Edukacyjne, no. 56 (March 15, 2020): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/se.2020.56.6.
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Walancik Marek, Symbole wielokulturowości w przestrzeni publicznej na rzecz przeciwdziałania nietolerancji [Symbols of Multiculturalism in Public Space to Counteract of Intolerance]. Studia Edukacyjne nr 56, 2020, Poznań 2020, pp. 111-127. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 1233-6688. DOI:10.14746/se.2020.56.6In the article, the author addresses the issue of the essence and role of the symbol of multiculturalism in public space in the context of counteracting intolerance. The presented text contains not only a presentation of basic terms and theories, but also an analysis of empirical research results related to the issue of the significance of the symbol of multiculturalism in order to counteract intolerance. Frequently appearing facts of intolerance towards culturally different individuals lead to reflection and seeking answers to the question: Does the presence of a symbol of multiculturalism in public space, which was once a borderland space, and today is saturated with various forms of symbols of multiculturalism of the past and of the modern period affect behavior tolerance.
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Yang, Xiaoyan, Le Fan, Weiwei Wang, and Xiaojie Yang. "Application of Emotional Factors of Ink Symbols Evaluated by Network Model in Modern Visual Image Design." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (February 12, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4731463.
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Accurate and fast recognition of ink symbols can enhance the perception ability of intelligent ink symbols in the environment, provide information input for the operation of intelligent ink symbols, and improve the perfection of ink painting. This paper proposes an end-to-end deep neural network model based on YOLOv3 for overall and individual recognition of ink symbols from a computer vision perspective. Ink symbol images generated by the simulation software are used for learning the overall and individual ink symbol detection models. Experiments demonstrate that the YOLOv3 detection algorithm has a good detection effect on ink symbolic targets, and the recognition of individual ink symbols has higher accuracy and flexibility, which provides a preliminary solution idea to solve the ink symbol information perception problem.
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Sujoko, Sujoko, and Hafidz Erdinal Arrazy. "SEMIOTIKA LIRIK LAGU DALAM ALBUM LELAKU-FOURTWNTY KARYA ARI LESMANA (KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA)." Aksara: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 3, no. 1 (August 28, 2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/aksara.v3i1.102.
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The purpose of this research is to describe the semiotic of Lelaku Fourtwnty’s song lyric by Ari Lesmana. This research is descriptive qualitative. The primary data is in the form of lines which consist of semiotic icon and symbol in the song lyric of Lelaku Fourtwnty. The technique used in collecting the data is by using library study which focuses on analyzing semiotic icon and symbol in the lyric. The result of the analysis which is acquired from the song lyric of Fourtwnty by Ari Lesmana are; there are 4 icons and 2 symbols in the aspect of mild irritation, there are 4 icons and 3 symbols in the aspect of nature poem; there are 4 icons and 2 symbols in the aspect of black and white; there are 3 icons and 4 symbols in the aspect of pink blurry; there are 2 icons and 2 symbols in the aspect of self-calm; there are 2 icons and 2 symbols in the aspect of I am not an animal; there are 3 icons and 3 symbols in the aspect of tacit; there are 2 icons and 2 symbols in the aspect of dimension argumentation; and there are 3 icons and 2 symbols in the aspect of dawn discussion. Keywords: Analysis, Icon and Symbol, Song Lyric
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Holubenko, Natalia. "Specific features of intersemiotic translation of symbols from the perspective of conceptual and semiotic paradigm." Revista Amazonia Investiga 10, no. 47 (December 17, 2021): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2021.47.11.27.
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The text of the novel “Inferno” written by Dan Brown and its film adaptation, provide the material for the analysis of symbols and their importance in both art forms. This analysis, which rests on the thesis of the conceptual nature of symbols in any literary text, is made in conceptual and semantic fields, and the concepts denoted by the analyzed symbols are pointed out. Given that the text of the source novel is abundant in symbols of various degrees of textual importance, not all of them were subject of research in this paper. The basic symbol of the source text, the Inferno, was singled out, as well as a number of symbols embodied by novel and film personages. In the research, frequent techniques of intersemiotic translations were analyzed as concerns their role in symbol rendering: omission, typical of the studied case of intersemiotic translation, which can be combined with the technique of addition. In the latter case, the degree of expressive force of the symbol can be considerably altered. The greatest shift in the degree of importance of a symbol is named ‘symbol transformation’, it is observed when symbols (in the given case, symbolic personages of the source text) lose their expressive force and the features of a symbol, i.e., in the process of intersemiotic translation these symbols are lost. The suggested model of analysis can be applied in other cases of intersemiotic translation, and other techniques, together with their combinations, can be found.
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Ardhi Wirawan, I. Wayan. "Manipulation Of Expressive Symbol At Hindus Religious Practices In Mataram City." Kamaya: Jurnal Ilmu Agama 3, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 20–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/kamaya.v3i1.375.
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This study aims to conduct a study of the manipulation of expressive symbol at Hindus religious practices in Mataram city, West Nusa Tenggara. The design of this research is interpretive descriptive by focusing on case studies the mechanism of manipulation expressive symbols at Hindu community. Based on the results of the study found that the mechanism of manipulation expressive symbol begins with cultural adaptation and reinterpretation of a number symbols used as a medium to realize the Vedic teachings. The mechanism of manipulation expressive symbol in this research systematic flow through at four domains, namely cultural adaptation of Hindus religious practices in the realm of expressive symbols, the synergization of expressive symbols in responding the development of science and technology, the representation of expressive symbol contestation in the dynamics of Hindu civilization, as well as the reproduction and reproduction of expressive symbols in Hindus religious practice.
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Murungi, Havi, Ian McLaren, and Robert Chen. "The graphical forms, visual-verbal resonances, meanings and semiosis of the Red Cross symbols." Information Design Journal 11, no. 2-3 (December 31, 2003): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.11.2.06mur.
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We investigated the semiosis of pictorial, schematic, and abstract symbols using current and proposed emblems for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Cross-cultural symbol-referent ratings of correspondence suggested the symbols could all be considered icons and indexes of the referents. Mean comprehensibility estimation scores differed significantly between familiar and unfamiliar symbols. Pictorial graphical form and symbol familiarity did not appear to constrain interpretations in the open-ended comprehension test. Thus at the referent denotation level, the symbols appeared to be simultaneously iconic and indexical, and at the symbol interpretation level, they appeared to be simultaneously iconic and symbolic. The findings suggest that symbol semiosis, rather than graphical form, is a more practical method for deciding the type of symbol one would use to communicate specific types of messages.
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Maisarah, Maisarah. "Power and Status in Coetzee's Disgrace." EDUCULTURAL: International Journal of Education, Culture and Humanities 1, no. 1 (August 19, 2018): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.33121/educultur.v1i1.15.
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This article aims to discuss the symbols which may have direct relationship with power and status in a novel, Disgrace. The setting of this novel is in South Africa where the transition era was taken place from apartheid to democracy. In this era, power and status are becoming important issue to discuss. To emphasize the two issues in a literary work, the author uses symbols. There are many symbols that can be found in this novel. Among the symbols which exist, three of them have correlation with power and status. Those symbols are sex, dogs and one of the characters in this novel, Peter. Those three symbols will be analyzed by using Stuart Hall’s theory about representation. This study comes to conclusion that the first symbol, sex, is a representation of man’s power over woman. The second symbol, dog, is a representation of lower social status. The third symbol, Petrus, is a representation of changing status of Black people in South Africa.
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Vukelich, Mark, and Leslie A. Whitaker. "The Effects of Context on the Comprehension of Graphic Symbols." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 8 (October 1993): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303700804.
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When graphic symbols are used to convey warning information, these symbols must be evaluated for effectiveness prior to their use. In general, the ability of these symbols to convey their intended meaning has been determined in tests which provide no contextual information surrounding the symbols. In the present study, 75 university students were tested to determine their comprehension of twenty different symbols using various context conditions. Verbal context was provided in two forms: full context and partial context. Full context consisted of a two- sentence description of the setting in which the symbol would be presented. Partial context consisted of a more general, two-word description of the use context. The control condition presented the symbols without contextual information. Comprehension was higher when full context was provided with the symbols than when the symbols were presented in isolation. For some symbols, the full context condition resulted in higher comprehension than the partial context condition and the partial context condition resulted in higher comprehension than the no context condition. Comprehension accuracy was also affected by the subject's familiarity with the symbols. Comprehension was higher for symbols rated high in familiarity than for symbols rated lower in familiarity. On the basis of these findings, a recommendation was made that evaluations should provide some form of contextual information along with the symbols to allow a more realistic test of symbol comprehension.
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Triyanta, Triyanta. "An Application of the General Relativity-type Inversion Formulae: the Derivation of the Fock-Schwinger-Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Christoffel Symbol." Indonesian Journal of Physics 20, no. 1 (November 3, 2016): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/itb.ijp.2009.20.1.2.
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Similar relationship between Christoffel symbols and Riemann tensors and between gauge potentials and gauge field strengths enable us to treat the Christoffel symbols just like the gauge fields. Restricting the Christoffel symbol by the Fock-Schwinger (FS) condition one obtains the so-call inversion formulae in general relativity theory. These formulae may be utilized for various applications, including the Christoffel symbol-free formulation of the general relativity and calculating the so-called Fock-Schwinger Christoffel symbols for certain Riemann tensors. Here we will derive the Fock-Schwinger-Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FSFRW) Christoffel symbols.
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Stein, William A., and Helena A. Verrill. "Cuspidal Modular Symbols are Transportable." LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics 4 (2001): 170–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s146115700000084x.
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AbstractModular symbols of weight 2 for a congruence subgroup Γ satisfy the identity {α,γ,(α)}={β,γ(β)} for all α,β in the extended upper half plane and γ ∊ Γ. The analogue of this identity is false for modular symbols of weight greater than 2. This paper provides a definition of transportable modular symbols, which are symbols for which an analogue of the above identity holds, and proves that every cuspidal symbol can be written as a transportable symbol. As a corollary, an algorithm is obtained for computing periods of cuspforms.
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Ani, Sari, and Miftahul Huda. "SISTEM SIMBOL DALAM LABUHAN SARANGAN DI KELURAHAN SARANGAN KECAMATAN PLAOSAN KABUPATEN MAGETAN." Matapena: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya 5, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36815/matapena.v5i02.2145.
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This study aims to describe and explain the symbol system contained in the Labuhan Sarangan. This research is a type of qualitative research based on an eclectic approach as an outcome of the collaboration of semiotics and hermeneutics theory. The researcher acts as a human instrument. The data of this research are verbal and nonverbal symbols. Verbal symbol data came from the speeches of the actors in the Labuhan Sarangan. Nonverbal symbol data came from the actions of the actors, equipment, and tools that support the implementation of the Labuhan Sarangan. Data collection was done by observing and interviewing Labuhan Sarangan. Data analysis is done in four stages, namely sorting data according to the range of problems, organizing data in formation and categorization, interpreting data based on empirical understanding, and evaluating data units to produce conclusions. The result of the study showed the findings on the shape, meaning, and function of the symbol. Findings in the form of symbols include verbal and nonverbal symbols. The verbal symbols findings include words or mantras or prayers and gamelan that is used as an accompaniment to the Labuhan Sarangan, which is spoken during the labuhan procession. Findings nonverbal symbols include the actions of the actors, equipment, and tools that support the implementation of the Labuhan Sarangan and the offerings used at the time of the Labuhan Sarangan. The findings on the meaning of symbols include religion, ethics, and philosophy. The function of symbols findings includes the purpose of knowledge, outlook on life, group solidarity, mediation, communication, and participation. Keyword: symbol of offerings, form, meaning, function Keyword: symbol of offerings, form, meaning, function
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Lee, Rob, Philip Jonathan, and Pauline Ziman. "Pictish symbols revealed as a written language through application of Shannon entropy." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 466, no. 2121 (March 31, 2010): 2545–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2010.0041.
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Many prehistoric societies have left a wealth of inscribed symbols for which the meanings are lost. For example, the Picts, a Scottish, Iron Age culture, left a few hundred stones expertly carved with highly stylized petroglyph symbols. Although the symbol scripts are assumed to convey information, owing to the short (one to three symbols), small (less than 1000 symbols) and often fragmented nature of many symbol sets, it has been impossible to conclude whether they represent forms of written language. This paper reports on a two-parameter decision-tree technique that distinguishes between the different character sets of human communication systems when sample sizes are small, thus enabling the type of communication expressed by these small symbol corpuses to be determined. Using the technique on the Pictish symbols established that it is unlikely that they are random or sematographic (heraldic) characters, but that they exhibit the characteristics of written languages.
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Wardah, Saniyatul, Dwi Priyo Utomo, and Octavina Rizky Utami Putri. "An Analysis of Errors on Mathematical Symbol as a Metaphor in Linear Programming." Jurnal Didaktik Matematika 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jdm.v8i1.18304.
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Symbol sense is crucial in the understanding of mathematical problems comprising various symbols. The misuses of symbols happen due to misinterpretation, which is considered the constraint to learn algebra more comprehensively, including in linear programming. The term ‘metaphor’ is defined as a means to carry over symbol sense, and is used to improve mathematical understanding. This present research was aimed at analyzing errors on mathematical symbol as a metaphor in linear programming. This research was conducted by means of descriptive qualitative design, with a test and interview as the instruments. The test was made essay, and its results were analyzed qualitatively. The test, further, was administered to five eleventh graders selected according to highest rates of errors committed. This research has shown that the students committed a number of errors in some cases, such as representing symbols as variables, representing numbers, and interpreting symbols as relational operators. In addition, errors which the students committed in constructing mathematical models covered defining the final value, representing numbers, applying inequality system, and interpreting symbols as operation counts. This present research has provided some ways for symbol sense, and thus the errors on mathematical symbol as a metaphor could be lessened. Next, this research can be further followed up by reviewing the effectiveness of remedial instruction according to the committed errors on mathematical symbols.
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Latif, Syahrul Akmal, Henky Fernando, and Yuniar Galuh Larasati. "Simbol dan Makna: Penyebaran Meme Narkoba dalam Instagram." Jurnal Komunikasi 17, no. 1 (October 31, 2022): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/komunikasi.vol17.iss1.art2.
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In addition to describing drug abuse which was disseminated through meme symbols, this study also explained the meaning behind the emergence of drug meme symbols on Instagram. This study was a qualitative descriptive type using the netnography method. The data collection was carried out by analyzing 108 thousand meme symbols that were disseminated on the Instagram social media platform, using the hashtag search keyword #narkoba. The analysis was focused on themes, symbols, and languages used in the meme symbols. From these analysis, three most dominant classifications of meme symbol themes were selected and presented as findings in this study. This study utilized thematic analysis by emphasizing the development of themes or topics through drug meme symbols inductively, to reveal the meaning behind the drug meme symbols. The findings in this study indicated that drug abuse was widely disseminated through three meme symbols, namely latent dangers of drugs, law enforcement memes, social environment memes. In line with that, the use of the three meme symbol themes also referred to three critical, evaluative, and ideological meanings that became important findings in this study
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Ribar, N., M. S. Wogalter, and C. B. Mayhorn. "Perceived Hazard for Images Depicting before and during Consequences with Two Kinds of Prohibition Symbols." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 18 (October 2007): 1114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705101813.
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This research examined the connoted danger level for symbols varying on type of prohibition symbol and depictions showing before- or during-injury consequences. One prohibition symbol was a red circle with a diagonal slash intended to show that the depicted event within the circle should not be performed. A similar, but less commonly used, prohibition symbol is the red circle without the slash. In the present research, 96 participants evaluated a set of symbols on two risk perception scales. Eight of the symbols viewed were manipulated with respect to a base concept depicting before- or during-injury consequences and type of prohibition. The results showed the symbols depicting during-consequence (injury) events produced significantly higher ratings than images showing before-consequence events. Symbols with a circle-slash prohibition were rated higher than the circle-alone prohibition, but only for some of the images. Symbols with both the prohibition circle-slash and during-consequences image tended to produce the highest ratings. In general, scoring participants' written interpretation of the symbols was relatively high for the manipulated images and did not differ as a function of condition. Very few critical confusions were noted (less than 5%) indicating, for example, no apparent confusions of “double negatives” when combining the during-injury consequences and the circle-slash prohibition symbol. More people expressed a negative (don't, no, not, or do not) in the verbal responses for images with the circle-slash prohibition symbol than with the circle-alone prohibition. Results and implications are discussed.
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Barsalou, Lawrence W. "Perceptions of perceptual symbols." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 4 (August 1999): 637–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99532147.
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Various defenses of amodal symbol systems are addressed, including amodal symbols in sensory-motor areas, the causal theory of concepts, supramodal concepts, latent semantic analysis, and abstracted amodal symbols. Various aspects of perceptual symbol systems are clarified and developed, including perception, features, simulators, category structure, frames, analogy, introspection, situated action, and development. Particular attention is given to abstract concepts, language, and computational mechanisms.
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Powell, Sarah R., and Sally K. Fluhler. "A Brief Measure of Mathematics Symbols: Performance at Grades 1, 3, and 5." Assessment for Effective Intervention 45, no. 4 (November 5, 2018): 266–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534508418809884.
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To understand mathematics, children must interpret mathematics symbols. In this study, we designed a brief assessment of mathematics symbols for children in the elementary grades. For each of 23 symbols, children identified the symbol, provided the meaning of the symbol, and used the symbol. We assessed 297 children in Grades 1, 3, and 5. Internal consistency reliability was established across grade levels. Results indicated the overall symbol knowledge of children increased across grade levels, and children demonstrated higher scores on questions related to the identification and use of the symbol rather than explaining the meaning of the symbol. Across grades, symbol knowledge was a significant predictor of mathematics computation, although the variance accounted for was greatest in first grade and least in fifth grade.
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Byrnes, Sean, Anthony N. Burkitt, David B. Grayden, and Hamish Meffin. "Spiking Neuron Model for Temporal Sequence Recognition." Neural Computation 22, no. 1 (January 2010): 61–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2009.12-07-679.
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A biologically inspired neuronal network that stores and recognizes temporal sequences of symbols is described. Each symbol is represented by excitatory input to distinct groups of neurons (symbol pools). Unambiguous storage of multiple sequences with common subsequences is ensured by partitioning each symbol pool into subpools that respond only when the current symbol has been preceded by a particular sequence of symbols. We describe synaptic structure and neural dynamics that permit the selective activation of subpools by the correct sequence. Symbols may have varying durations of the order of hundreds of milliseconds. Physiologically plausible plasticity mechanisms operate on a time scale of tens of milliseconds; an interaction of the excitatory input with periodic global inhibition bridges this gap so that neural events representing successive symbols occur on this much faster timescale. The network is shown to store multiple overlapping sequences of events. It is robust to variation in symbol duration, it is scalable, and its performance degrades gracefully with perturbation of its parameters.
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Letlora, Prihe Slamatin. "Symbol and Meaning of Kapata Oral Tradition Texts in Central Maluku." ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities 1, no. 2 (June 26, 2018): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.34050/els-jish.v1i2.4387.
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The purposes of this research were (1) to reveal the kinds of symbols that applied in the texts of Kapata in Central Maluku and (2) to map out the meanings of the symbols. The data of this research was taken from texts of Kapata in Saparua Island, Central Maluku. The texts were obtained from field research through the process of observation, library research and interview. All obtained data were analyzed with descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of this research explained that (1) in Saparua Island, types of symbols found were Lexical Symbols (Noun and Adjective), Phrasal Symbols (Verb Phrase and Noun Phrase), Clausal Symbol (Dependent Clause) and Sentential Symbol; and (2) it is obviously seen that Kapata generally contained either denotative or denotative - connotative meanings.
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Hanafi, Yoandini, Muhammad Basri D, and Hadijah Hadijah. "A Semiotic Analysis Of Emoticon Symbols on Whatsapp Messenger In Students’ Chat Activies." Tamaddun 20, no. 1 (August 31, 2021): 92–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/tamaddun.v20i1.92.
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The purpose of this study was to find out more about the meaning of semiotic and the use of emoticon symbols and how students view the use of emoticon symbols on WhatsApp messenger. This study uses a qualitative method. To collect data and determine research subjects, the authors used a questionnaire and observation as research instruments.
The results of this study prove that most students mean the meaning of each emoticon symbol on WhatsApp and often use emoticon symbols in chat activities on WhatsApp messenger. They often express feelings and expressions through the symbol emoticon. Two main points are discussed in this thesis. First, the semiotic meaning and use of emoticon symbols, and the second, students' views on the use of emoticon symbols on WhatsApp messenger.
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Cloete, T. T. "Simboliek in Totius se werk." Literator 11, no. 1 (May 6, 1990): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v11i1.795.
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Totius’ works are not symbolic in the sense that they exhibit any affinity with or influence by the European Symbolism of the time. Nevertheless, much that is symbolic is found in his works. Although he was inclined to interpret the images and symbols in his own poems at times, and even wrote allegorical poems, he also wrote really good symbolic poems. It emerged that the symbol has something universal, to such an extent that it is even possible to compile dictionaries of symbols, and the very fact that one can compile a dictionary of symbols, is sufficient proof that a symbol is not something particular but rather general. Many of the symbols used by Totius can be explained in the terms in which De Vries and Cirlot described these and similar symbols. However valuable symbols may be in poetry, the merit of a poem lies in much more than in the symbol(s) occurring in it. Thus the symbolic poems by Totius are not automatically better than the poems which are less heavily symbolic. However, some of his best poems do constitute excellent symbolic poetry.
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Manojlovic, Uros, Aleksandar Zunjic, Aleksandar Trifunović, Tijana Ivanišević, Darina Duplakova, Jan Duplak, and Svetlana Čičević. "Usability of Certain Symbols Indicating Automobile Safety Status Based on Youth Assessment." Applied Sciences 13, no. 17 (August 29, 2023): 9749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13179749.
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The research presented in this paper refers to the possibility to understand the information presented by symbols, which indicate safety status and possible troubles regarding automobiles and driving. The testing included sixteen symbols, six of which were ISO-verified and recommended symbols. The study included 204 youth respondents. The study used a multidisciplinary, ergonomic approach, based on research of the usability of symbols. The basic task of subjects was to recognize the symbols and to rate their confidence on the five-point scale that they gave exact answers. For each symbol, hypotheses about the proportion of correct answers at the population level were tested, applying the inferential statistics technique. The ISO criterion of 67% successful symbol recognition was adopted as the limit value for the justification of the use of symbols. The test results showed that eight out of sixteen symbols did not meet this criterion. The results of this research indicate that it is necessary to take certain measures in order to improve the understanding of the function of symbols on vehicle dashboards. One of the proposed measures consists in the improvement of training courses in driving schools, which from a theoretical but also a practical aspect should include education about symbols on car dashboards, primarily those responsible for informing about the safety status. In addition, a redesign of the symbols that had the lowest recognition rate can be recommended.
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Sugilar, Hamdan, Rahayu Kariadinata, and Nunung Sobarningsih. "SPEKTRUM SYMBOL DAN STRUCTURE SENSE MATEMATIKA SISWA MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH." KALAMATIKA Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22236/kalamatika.vol4no1.2019pp37-48.
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The purpose of this study is to determine the symbol sense and structure of mathematical sense in terms of students' ability to solve algebraic problems or other mathematical problems that require symbol expression or structure. Difficulties experienced by students in solving mathematical or algebraic problems may be due to the ability of symbol sense and low structure sense or didactic design that the teacher conveyed is not in accordance with the category of symbols and structure sense that students have. A student with good symbols and structure sense is able to appreciate the power of symbols, knowing when to use the right symbols and being able to manipulate and understand symbols in various contexts. The method used in the study used a qualitative descriptive method. The population of this study was seventh grade students of the Islamic junior high school, the instruments used were symbol and structure sense tests, questionnaires, and interview forms. The results of the study indicate that the ability of symbol sense and student structure sense is still low because of a lack of conceptual knowledge and algebraic manipulation, for this reason it is necessary to have an appropriate learning model to improve both of these abilities.
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Abbott, Russ. "Meaning, Autonomy, Symbolic Causality, and Free Will." Review of General Psychology 22, no. 1 (March 2018): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000125.
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As physical entities that translate symbols into physical actions, computers offer insights into the nature of meaning and agency. Physical symbol systems, generically known as agents, link abstractions to material actions. The meaning of a symbol is defined as the physical actions an agent takes when the symbol is encountered. An agent has autonomy when it has the power to select actions based on internal decision processes. Autonomy offers a partial escape from constraints imposed by direct physical influences such as gravity and the transfer of momentum. Swimming upstream is an example. Symbols are names that can designate other entities. It appears difficult to explain the use of names and symbols in terms of more primitive functionality. The ability to use names and symbols, that is, symbol grounding, may be a fundamental cognitive building block. The standard understanding of causality—wiggling X results in Y wiggling—applies to both physical causes (e.g., one billiard ball hitting another) and symbolic causes (e.g., a traffic light changing color). Because symbols are abstract, they cannot produce direct physical effects. For a symbol to be a cause requires that the affected entity determine its own response. This is called autonomous causality. This analysis of meaning and autonomy offers new perspectives on free will.
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Raflis, Raflis, and Irwan Syahputra. "The Analysis on Symbol of Shadowhunter as Seen in Cassandra Clare’s Mortal Instruments." Jurnal Ilmiah Langue and Parole 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36057/jilp.v4i1.450.
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This reseacrh aims to determine the main symbols in the novel The Mortal Instruments: City of Bones. It is known that symbols are part of literary works such as poetry, songs, paintings, dramas; a narrative that has a message that the symbol implies. The author also describes and conveys the meaning of each symbol so that the public understands that the symbols used have different meanings from their true meanings.
The method used in this research is a qualitative method because this method is suitable for studying the symbols used in the novel. From the research that has been done, the writer found that in The novel, there are several symbols that make the story interesting and have a big impact from the beginning to the end of the story. The author found thirteen main symbols in the story, namely Angelic Power, Soundless, Voyant Sight, Promise, Vision, Speech, Visible, Precision, Heal, Deflect / Block, Speed, Strength, and These thirteen main symbols are interrelated in the story and make the story more interesting.
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Schlesinger, Eugene R. "Exchanging Symbols for Symbolic Exchange." Journal of Reformed Theology 9, no. 1 (2015): 56–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697312-00901002.
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This article examines recent articulations of Reformed sacramental theology by Michael Horton and Nicholas Wolterstorff, both of whom appropriate the insights of speech act theory in their accounts of Calvinist sacramentology. I put these expressions of Reformed thought into conversation with the fundamental theology of the French Roman Catholic, Louis-Marie Chauvet, noting areas of convergence. I contend that Chauvet’s sacramental theology provides the resources for the Reformed to develop their own sacramental theology in a considerably higher direction, while also remaining true to their fundamental commitments.
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Gunawan, Fahmi. "PEDOMAN SIMBOL HARI BAIK DAN HARI BURUK MASYARAKAT BUGIS DI KOTA KENDARI." Patanjala : Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya 10, no. 3 (November 8, 2018): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v10i3.431.
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Hampir semua aktivitas masyarakat Bugis Kendari dimulai dengan mempertimbangkan kualitas waktu yang dikenal dengan istilah hari baik dan hari buruk. Kualitas waktu ini memiliki pedoman dan menggunakan simbol-simbol tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji simbol hari baik dan hari buruk masyarakat Bugis Kota Kendari. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pedoman simbol hari baik dan hari buruk masyarakat Bugis di Kota Kendari diklasifikasi menjadi sebelas, yaitu (1) simbol bahasa Arab, (2) simbol matematika, (3) simbol tulisan tangan, (4) Simbol lontara Bugis, (5) simbol lontara Bugis dan gambar, (6) simbol aksara Soewandi, (7) simbol hewan, (8) simbol bintang, (9) simbol bendera, (10) simbol Haji Daud, dan (11) simbol Hj. Nursiah. Penelitian ini akhinrya menegaskan bahwa simbol pedoman ini merepresentasikan masyarakat bugis Kendari yang penuh perencanaan dan memiliki rasa optimisme untuk menggapai hasil maksimal sebuah aktivitas. Almost all activities of the Bugis Kendari community begin by considering the quality of time known as good days and bad days. This quality of time has guidelines and uses certain symbols. This study aims to examine the symbols of good days and bad days of the Bugis people of Kendari city. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method. Data collection is done by in-depth interviews and observations. The results showed that the guideline of the symbol of good days and bad days of Bugis people in Kendari city was classified into eleven, (1) Arabic symbols, (2) mathematical symbols, (3) handwriting symbols, (4) Bugis symbol, (5 ) Bugis symbols and drawings, (6) Soewandi alphabet symbols, (7) animal symbols, (8) star symbols, (9) flag symbols, (10) Haji Daud symbols, and (11) Hj. Nursiah symbols. This research finally emphasizes that the symbol of this guideline represents the Bugis Kendari community which is full of planning and has a sense of optimism to achieve the maximum results of an activity.
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Sun, Hui Jie, and Qiang Chen. "Computer Vision Recognition of Incomplete Symbols in Russian Symbols." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 2283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.2283.
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In the computer vision recognition of incomplete symbols in Russian symbols, the traditional identification methods can only identify a small number of complete Russian symbols, and have a low recognition rate of the incomplete Russian symbols. To this end, this paper presents a method for computer vision recognition of incomplete symbols in Russian symbols based on Hough transform algorithm. According to the mapping from the image space to the parameter space, the complex edge feature information in image space is transformed into the clustering problem in the parameter space, and the discrimination function and the rules are developed and employed to recognize the image need to be recognized. Experiments show that with Hough transform algorithm to identify incomplete symbols in Russian symbols, the incomplete symbol in Russian symbols can be identified quickly and effectively, which improves the performance of recognition method and meet the needs of many scholars.
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SIMOVYCH, Oksana. "VERBAL SYMBOLS: IN SEARCH OF UKRAINIAN-POLISH PARALLELS." Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 36 (2022): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2022-36-205-229.
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The archetypal verbal symbols that function in the Ukrainian and Polish language and folklore spaces are analyzed – the symbols of the water elements, spatial and «boundary» symbols. Two aspects of interpretation of symbols in Polish texts are defined – formulation of symbolic meaning from the position of a representative of another (Ukrainian) culture in view of close cultural contexts, as well as from the position of Polish culture bearer, carriers of culture of another, Polish language space. The ambivalence inherent in symbols unfolding in one context is noted, but it is emphasized that all symbolic meanings can potentially be activated within each context, as their appearance is determined not only by read text, intertextual connections of the symbol, but also many non-textual factors, context culture and awareness of each reader with other contexts of use of this symbol. Dominant symbolic meanings are singled out, as well as those symbolic layers that in the semantic structure of the symbol in the proposed context or contexts are removed from the core, but are constantly preserved in these and other contexts. The symbols woda, richka, ozero / woda, rzeka, jezioro, dynaj, etc. are analyzed, in which the semantics of «border of two worlds» are reconstructed on the basis of the processed texts and it is stated that these words can function as key symbols or as «background» influencing, even directing in the appropriate way the development and interpretation of symbolic meanings of other words (kalyna, werba, bereza, winochok, etc. / rozmaryn, kalina, wianek, warkoch, jablonechka, etc.) in the text. It has been studied how the verbal symbol water can change the interpretation of other symbols and the whole text to the opposite. A wide range of symbolic meanings developed in the semantic structure of the symbol water (and related) within the dominant symbolic meaning as the «boundary between the world of the living and the world of the dead» or as the «boundary between "own" and "foreign" worlds». The semantics of other water-related symbols, such as winok, fartushok / wianek, fartuhek were also studied. In addition to a wide range of meanings of water element symbols, the article presents the spatial symbols doroha (dorizhenka), shlakh / gosciniec, which symbolize, among other things, the change of social status – the transition of a girl or boy to married, concluded that the semantics of the symbol develops within the dominant boundary – value. Among the spatial ones, the semantics of the symbols kalynowyj lis (lisok), temnyj luh, zelenyj bir, haj, hora / kalinowy lasek, ciemny bor, gaichek zielony, pole, gura, etc., as well as those related to the «other» world – the kin woronyj, chornyj woron / wrony (siwy) konichek, wrony, srokа, etc.; an attempt is made to highlight the problem of interpenetration of «own» and «foreign» spaces, when the symbol belonging to the corresponding pole of the opposition is associated with the social status of the subject and the category of evaluation, which may change to the opposite.
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Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel. "Politics of Electoral Symbols in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review V, no. II (June 30, 2020): 558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(v-ii).53.
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Electoral symbols have a significant role in electoral campaigns. Political parties used stamps to propagate their political stance and to organize political behavior around their programs. The political symbolism demonstrates different meanings to different people due to their socio-political orientations.Some political parties tried to use electoral symbols more proactively than others. These multi-layered meanings led to the articulate political interests of social groups. There are many questions unanswered regarding the impact and use of the political symbol. Can election symbols influence particular areas more than the rest of the country? Does electoral symbol matter in electoral victory? This paper is an attempt to explore the politics and use of symbols in electoral politics. In the electoral politics of Pakistan, the study of electoral symbols is unique due to its multiple uses in highly polarized electoral contexts. The study concludes that political parties use electoral symbols tactfully to maximize their vote bank. A qualitative approach has been used to investigate a core question
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Gong, Xinyu, Tian Lan, and Peng Ti. "Metric and Color Modifications for the Automated Construction of Map Symbols." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 12, no. 8 (August 8, 2023): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12080331.
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Personalized mappings become popular among the public with the support of data diversity and device diversity. To develop personalized maps, constructing map symbols through automated ways is beneficial. The formal representation of map symbols (i.e., expressing map symbols by mathematical operators) is fundamental to the automated construction of map symbols. A previous study to evaluate the feasibility of structures of Chinese characters for representing map symbols shows that 77.5% of map symbols can be represented by them, although there are imperfections in some cases. It means that: (1) the other 22.5% of symbols should be formally represented by other mathematical solutions, and (2) those imperfect cases should be made perfect through some modification or refinements. In this study, we solve the representation problems of these two types of map symbols (i.e., the map symbol did not or imperfectly fit the structures of Chinese characters) by employing additional basic operators and proposing some metric and color modifications. To validate these proposed solutions, experiments have been carried out by using eight sets of symbols that are publicly available (e.g., Google Icons). The results indicated that almost all the map symbols can be formally represented with additional operators and metric and color modifications. The percentages of map symbols that did not fit structures of Chinese characters solved by these operators and modifications are 2.4% and 20.1%, respectively. The percentages of map symbols that imperfectly fit them solved by these operators and modifications are 8.7% and 8%, respectively. This work could not only enrich cartographic theory but also prompt the mathematization of map symbol construction.
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Shen, Yuyao, Xuesen Shi, Shiqi Zhao, and Yongqing Wang. "An Improved Phase Deviation Discriminator for Carrier Synchronization of APSK Signal in Satellite-to-Ground Communication Systems." Electronics 11, no. 9 (May 4, 2022): 1472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091472.
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The conventional phase deviation discriminator used in the decision feedback loop for carrier synchronization of APSK signal requires symbol decision for every constellation symbol. When the number of constellation symbols used for coherent integration becomes larger, the complexity would increase greatly. To solve this problem, this work proposes an improved phase deviation discriminator based on symbol decisions. It firstly executes doubling frequency on the APSK signal to reduce the modulation order and eliminate the modulation phase of the received signal. Then, it rotates the constellation clockwise and selects the constellation symbols that on the X-axis to execute coherent integration and phase deviation extraction. Compared to the conventional discriminator in the decision feedback loop, the proposed discriminator can reduce the symbol decision times and steps. Therefore, when a large number of constellation symbols are used for coherent integration, it can reduce the computational complexity significantly. Moreover, with a large number of constellation symbols, the proposed discriminator achieves better BER and RMSE performance than other existing feedback loops.
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Aswad, Firas Mohammed, Yasir Ali Matni, Inteasar Esmaeel Khudair, and Ahmed Ehsan Mohammed. "Confirm Content Validity and Sender Authenticity for Text Messages by Using QR Code." JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON for Pure and Applied Sciences 26, no. 7 (May 30, 2018): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jubpas.v26i7.1410.
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In light of the information revolution taking place in the modern world, therefore it becomes necessary and important to save this electronic messages. So we offered this technique to ensure the safety of the content of the messages and authenticity of the sender through networks communication by converting the message's symbols to numbers , each one of this symbols (letters, numbers, symbols) will converted into three digits, the first digit represents the ASCII code of the symbol , the second digit represents the frequency of this symbol in the message (the number of times this symbol is appear in the message), and the third digit represents the total number of the locations of the symbol (calculates the symbol location from the first symbol in the message to this symbol itself and blanks also calculated too) .The digital signature of the sender will converted to numbers like the symbols of message we explained it before, and this numbers of the digital signature will gathering together to produce three numbers only, this number will gathering with each numbers of the message's symbols, the final numbers will converted to QR Code , the QR Code will placed with the message and sent to the recipient. The recipient returns the steps of the sender (produce QR Code from the received message) and compared it the received QR Codes, if it is match or not. The recipient will ensure that the content is secure, and confirms the authenticity of the sender.
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Tanjung, Raini, Rudiansyah Rudiansyah, and Jessy Chen. "LAMA GANG BENGKOK MOSQUE AS A MULTIETHNIC SYMBOL IN THE CITY OF MEDAN." JADECS (Jurnal of Art, Design, Art Education & Cultural Studies) 4, no. 2 (December 19, 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um037v4i2p95-103.
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LAMA GANG BENGKOK MOSQUE AS A MULTIETHNIC SYMBOL IN THE CITY OF MEDAN.Raini Tanjung; Rudiansyah; JessyProgram Studi Sastra Cina Fakultas Ilmu BudayaUniversitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACTThe title of this research is ‘Lama Gang Bengkok Mosque As A Multiethnic Symbol In The City Of Medan’. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ornamental and symbolic forms of the Lama Gang Bengkok Mosque building, and explain the history of the Lama Gang Bengkok Mosque which was used as a multiethnic symbol in Medan City. The method used is a qualitative research method and described descriptively. The theory used in this study is the semiotic theory of Charles Sanders Peirce. Data was obtained through observation and interview techniques with several informants and people around. The results showed that this building became one of the multiethnic symbols of harmony between religious and cultured people from ancient times to the present, and can be seen from the form and symbolism of the Lama Gang Bengkok Mosque building, such as the forms and symbols of Malay, Chinese and Persian culture.Keywords: Lama Gang Bengkok mosque; Ornaments; symbolis; Multi-Language; Medan City.
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Yijing, Chen, and Sharul Azim Sharudin. "The Integration of Traditional Symbols and Modern Product Design: Cultural Inheritance and Innovation." Global Journal of Emerging Science, Engineering & Technology 1, no. 1 (May 31, 2023): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.56225/gjeset.v1i1.17.
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This study focuses on integrating traditional symbols and modern product design, exploring how to achieve innovative design while maintaining cultural heritage. The article first analyzes the significance and value of traditional symbols as well as the characteristics and requirements of modern product design. Subsequently, the integration of traditional symbols and modern product design was explored, including the introduction and integration of traditional symbol elements, the reinterpretation and innovative design of traditional symbols, and the combination of traditional symbols and modern technology. Finally, from the perspective of cultural inheritance and innovation, strategies for the integration of traditional symbols and modern product design were proposed, including strengthening the mutual integration of traditional symbols and modern product design, enhancing the innovative ability of traditional symbols, expanding the application fields of traditional symbols, and strengthening the cultivation of talents for traditional symbols and modern product design.
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Oyoo, Peter Okoth. "Exploring Students’ Proficiency in Mathematical Symbolization." International Journal of Advanced Research 5, no. 1 (August 5, 2022): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/ijar.5.1.774.
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This study examined the students’ proficiency in using mathematical symbols. The need to carry out the study was prompted by the Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC) report that revealed dismal performance in mathematics. Therefore, the study objectives explored how symbols affect learning of mathematics, students’ perception of the role of symbols in mathematics learning and students’ use of mathematical symbols. The basis of the study relied on a conceptual framework of epistemological approach to notations and supportive and problematic conceptions as a lens that helped in dissecting the kind of symbol sense that exist amongst students. The study targeted mathematics teachers and form four students and was therefore conducted in a public secondary school in Rarieda Sub-County, Siaya County, Kenya. A qualitative approach with a case study research design was employed with sampling techniques such as convenience, purposive, and stratified sampling used to locate the research site and recruit participants. Data collection instruments included interview guides and document analysis protocol. Thematic analysis was used. The findings of the study showed that symbols influenced the learning of mathematics in terms of prior knowledge and symbol meanings at hand, thereby posing challenges in the learning of mathematics. Also, the findings revealed that students had a perception of the role of mathematical symbols in giving easy time in understanding concepts due to their precise and succinct nature, conserved time and assisted in the solution of mathematics problems and that use of symbols is profound in the linkage of concepts across topics, multiple representations and problem-solving. It may be recommended that prominence ought to be put on various ways of symbol representation to enable comprehension of symbols and meanings; better instructional techniques ought to be used to reduce the symbol cognitive load on students.
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Solikhati, Siti. "SIMBOL KEAGAMAAN DALAM ISLAM DAN IDEOLOGI TELEVISI." Islamic Communication Journal 2, no. 2 (January 25, 2018): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/icj.2017.2.2.2165.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>Basically human lives are built based on fragmented symbols which form the real picture of the whole world. People expressed every side of their lives (including religious live) using certain symbols which are socially accepted. The discussion on religious symbols has always leads to two means, namely socio-cultural symbols which associate religious doctrines with the local culture, and normative symbols which are supposed to be permanent symbols. The discussion on this paper focused on the nuance of the meaning of religious symbols which have shifted more on cultural meaning rather than the normative ones, as can be seen on television religious programs.Accordingly, television has its own way of expressing things based on their own management policy, in which usually they use market needs as the main reason. To fulfill the market needs however, the medium need to wrap religious message up using certain symbols to fit their audience needs. According to Fiske (1987) it will be easier to have a look the ideology used by television by take a close look at how it uses certain symbols.</em></p><p>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p><p>Kehidupan manusia ini terdiri dari serpihan-serpihan simbol yang kemudian terpola dan membentuk kesatuan dunia secara utuh. Manusia mengekspresikan diri, termasuk di dalamnya mengekspresikan aspek kehidupan beragama menggunakan simbol yang telah disepakati secara sosial. Wacana simbol dalam kehidupan beragama mengandung makna multi dimensi, yaitu dimensi sosiokultural yang bisa berubah sesuai dengan konteks, serta dimensi normative yang bersifat permanen dan mutlak. Konteks wacana symbol keagamaan dalam paper ini difokuskan pada pergeseran makna symbol keagamaan yang bersifat normative lebih banyak berfungsi sebagai symbol kultural sebagaimana diperlihatkan pada tayangan-tayangan keagamaan di televisi. Televisi memiliki cara tersendiri untuk mengemas informasi tertentu berdasarkan konsep kebijakan internal dan menggunakan argument segmen audience. Untuk memenuhi target audience, maka televisi perlu mengemas pesan keagamaan menggunakan symbol yang telah disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan audience. Menurut Fiske (1987) dengan melihat bagaimana televisi menggunakan symbol-simbol tertentu, maka akan mudah untuk melihat ideologi yang terkandung di dalamnya.</p>