Journal articles on the topic 'Symbolic state space analysis'
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Derisavi, Salem, Peter Kemper, and William H. Sanders. "Symbolic state-space exploration and numerical analysis of state-sharing composed models." Linear Algebra and its Applications 386 (July 2004): 137–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.laa.2004.01.006.
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He, Xinglu, Pengfei Wang, Kai Lu, and Xu Zhou. "EtWExplorer: Multi-Priority Scheduling Path Exploration Technology Based on Abstract Syntax Tree Analysis." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (October 10, 2022): 10182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app121910182.
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Symbolic execution is well known as a dynamic vulnerability discovery technique. Its greatest advantage is the capability to analyze the execution information of the program and to explore the path in the program deterministically. This is a more accurate way to determine if there are vulnerabilities in a program than randomized testing by fuzzing. In addition, symbolic execution does not suffer from the problem of decreasing the capability to discover new paths as more paths are discovered, similar to that caused by random-based fuzzing. However, the reason why symbolic execution is not widely used in vulnerability discovery is mainly due to the state space explosion in the program. The state space explosion severely affects the applicability of symbolic execution. To further improve the applicability of symbolic execution, this paper proposes a path exploration technology based on abstract syntax tree analysis. With the distance between the expression generated by the symbolic execution of the repeat location and the “unsatisfiable” condition of the “unsat” state, we can perform multi-priority scheduling for the repeat location state, thus mitigating the impact of the state space explosion on path exploration. We proposed and implemented EtWExplorer, a multi-priority scheduling technique based on abstract syntax tree analysis. With this technique, we can significantly improve the capability of symbolic execution to discover unknown paths even in state space exploration. Experiments show that EtWExplorer introduces a performance overhead of 72% in the worst case and can improve performance by 294% in the best case. EtWExplorer has a 95% improvement in state space explosion mitigation capability and a 199% to 983% improvement in the path exploration capability of block coverage and a 181% to 1047% improvement in the path exploration capability of edge coverage when facing programs that cause a state space explosion.
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Moreno, Ubirajara F., Pedro L. D. Peres, and Ivanil S. Bonatti. "Introducing the Analysis of Bifurcation in Dynamical Systems by Symbolic Computation." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 44, no. 4 (October 2007): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.44.4.1.
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The aim of this paper is to introduce a few topics about nonlinear systems that are usual in electrical engineering but are frequently disregarded in undergraduate courses. More precisely, the main subject of this paper is to present the analysis of bifurcations in dynamical systems through the use of symbolic computation. The necessary conditions for the occurrence of Hopf, saddle-node, transcritical or pitchfork bifurcations in first order state space nonlinear equations depending upon a vector of parameters are expressed in terms of symbolic computation. With symbolic computation, the relationship between the state variables and the parameters that play a crucial role in the occurrence of such phenomena can be established. Firstly, the symbolic computation is applied to a third order dynamic Lorenz system in order to familiarise the students with the technique. Then, the symbolic routines are used in the analysis of the simplified model of a power system, bringing new insights and a deeper understanding about the occurrence of these phenomena in physical systems.
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Setiawan, Eko, Takuya Hirata, and Ichijo Hodaka. "Accurate Symbolic Steady State Modeling of Buck Converter." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2017): 2374. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i5.pp2374-2381.
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<p>Steady state analysis is fundamental to any electric and electronic circuit design. Buck converter is one of most popular power electronics circuit and has been analyzed in various situations. Although the behavior of buck converters can be understood approximately by the well-known state space averaging method, little is known in the sense of detailed behavior or exact solution to equations. In this paper a steady state analysis of buck converter is proposed which allows the exact calculation of steady state response. Our exact solution is expressed as a Fourier series. Our result is compared with numerical calculation to be verified. Our method copes with more complicated problems such as describing average power and root-mean-square power that are most critical issues in power electronics circuit.</p>
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Speck, David, and Michael Katz. "Symbolic Search for Oversubscription Planning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 13 (May 18, 2021): 11972–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i13.17422.
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The objective of optimal oversubscription planning is to find a plan that yields an end state with a maximum utility while keeping plan cost under a certain bound. In practice, the situation occurs whenever a large number of possible, often competing goals of varying value exist, or the resources are not sufficient to achieve all goals. In this paper, we investigate the use of symbolic search for optimal oversubscription planning. Specifically, we show how to apply symbolic forward search to oversubscription planning tasks and prove that our approach is sound, complete and optimal. An empirical analysis shows that our symbolic approach favorably competes with explicit state-space heuristic search, the current state of the art for oversubscription planning.
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Suleimenov, Andrey. "Symbolic field of modern Islamism." Конфликтология / nota bene, no. 2 (February 2020): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0617.2020.2.33155.
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The subject of this research is the key topoi of the discourse of Islamist propaganda and the mechanism of their representation by a number of unaccredited sources of the Russian-language extremist propaganda. The object of this research is the Islamist discourse covered by the “official” sources of the prohibited in the Russian Federation international terrorist organizations – “Islamic State”, “Dabiq” and “Rumiyah”, as well as a number of Russian-language sources of Islamist propaganda. The author examines such aspects of jihadist propaganda as the category of space, semiotics of Islamist propaganda; postmodern traits in the jihadist propaganda materials. Analysis is conducted on the category “Dawlah” (“state” from Arabic) as a sovereign concept in the discourse of “Islamic State” organization. Special attention is paid to the characteristic of Islamist propaganda as a phenomenon typical for the era of postmodernism. The distinctive features of the Russian-language Islamist discourse are described. Leaning on the analysis of textual and visual materials of Islamist propaganda, the author concludes on inextricable connection of the discourse of jihadist propaganda with the society of its function, despite the thesis on irreconcilable confrontation to the “Taghut” society declared by the ideologists of the international terrorist organization “Islamic State”. This thesis is proven by a certain symbolic set of Islamist propaganda, usage of symbols comprehensible to modern audiences, and significant attention given to the brand and style of the jihadists. After the defeat of the Caliphate as a proto-state entity (rather than a terrorist organization), the “Islamic State” substantially migrated into the virtual space. In an attempt to influence the audience, jihadist propaganda operates not only on the level of objective reality, but immerses the reader in an entirely virtual world. This work reveals the peculiarities of such process.
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Yao, Peisen, Qingkai Shi, Heqing Huang, and Charles Zhang. "Program analysis via efficient symbolic abstraction." Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 5, OOPSLA (October 20, 2021): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485495.
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This paper concerns the scalability challenges of symbolic abstraction: given a formula ϕ in a logic L and an abstract domain A , find a most precise element in the abstract domain that over-approximates the meaning of ϕ. Symbolic abstraction is an important point in the space of abstract interpretation, as it allows for automatically synthesizing the best abstract transformers. However, current techniques for symbolic abstraction can have difficulty delivering on its practical strengths, due to performance issues. In this work, we introduce two algorithms for the symbolic abstraction of quantifier-free bit-vector formulas, which apply to the bit-vector interval domain and a certain kind of polyhedral domain, respectively. We implement and evaluate the proposed techniques on two machine code analysis clients, namely static memory corruption analysis and constrained random fuzzing. Using a suite of 57,933 queries from the clients, we compare our approach against a diverse group of state-of-the-art algorithms. The experiments show that our algorithms achieve a substantial speedup over existing techniques and illustrate significant precision advantages for the clients. Our work presents strong evidence that symbolic abstraction of numeric domains can be efficient and practical for large and realistic programs.
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Hayes, Michael. "Lcapy: symbolic linear circuit analysis with Python." PeerJ Computer Science 8 (February 18, 2022): e875. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.875.
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Lcapy is an open-source Python package for solving linear circuits symbolically. It uses a superposition of DC analysis, AC (phasor) analysis, transient (Laplace) analysis, and noise analysis. Expressions are evaluated using the computer algebra system SymPy. Lcapy can model circuits comprised of combinations of one-port and two-port networks or circuits specified using a netlist with a Spice-like notation. Lcapy can present the system of equations produced from nodal analysis, modified nodal analysis, loop analysis, and state-space analysis. Expressions can be formatted into many representations, parameterized, and transformed to other domains. Dimensional analysis is performed to reduce user errors and to present results with units. Both continuous and discrete signals are supported. Lcapy produces high-quality output. Textbook quality schematics in a number of different formats can be generated from netlists and customized for different conventions. Expressions can be formatted into LaTeX format for inclusion into a document or numerically evaluated and plotted. An overview of the features and capabilities of Lcapy is presented, along with implementation details and performance considerations.
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Gigauri, David Iraklievich. "2021 State Duma elections: blogs, social networks, and party Identity in the virtual space." Социодинамика, no. 11 (November 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2021.11.36962.
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This article provides a comprehensive review of the modern Internet practices and virtual platforms in the sphere of politics aimed at promotion of different forms of voting technologies. The authors analyze public strategies of the political parties and candidates in the course of election campaign for the 2021 State Duma elections using the example of electoral constituency of St. Petersburg. The subject of this research is the use of digital means of communication that form virtual identity of the electorate during the 2021 State Duma elections. The object of this research is the representation of party ideologies and civic “symbolic politics” on the Internet based on the example of the popular video platforms YouTube, Tik-Tok as well as the traditional social networks Vkontakte and Facebook. The goal lies in the analysis of interaction of public actors with the audience (followers) in the course of conducting the electoral campaign. The scientific novelty of this article is substantiated by systematic and structural analysis of the scarce elements of virtual identity of Internet users on the example of electoral strategies of representation. The conclusion is drawn on the growing trends of building the so-called symbolic politics “from the bottom” and emergence of numerous actors that create sociopolitical content in the virtual space. The research methodology employs the content analysis of virtual communication channels, relying on the classical theory of symbolic politics and political identity. This theory can be modified by separate aspects of digitalization of the political subfield, which the modern researchers consider as virtual reality.
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Makeienko, Maryna. "Symbolic Analysis Applied to the Specification of Spatial Trends and Spatial Dependence." Entropy 22, no. 4 (April 20, 2020): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22040466.
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This article provides symbolic analysis tools for specifying spatial econometric models. It firstly considers testing spatial dependence in the presence of potential leading deterministic spatial components (similar to time-series tests for unit roots in the presence of temporal drift and/or time-trend) and secondly considers how to econometrically model spatial economic relations that might contain unobserved spatial structure of unknown form. Hypothesis testing is conducted with a symbolic-entropy based non-parametric statistical procedure, recently proposed by Garcia-Cordoba, Matilla-Garcia, and Ruiz (2019), which does not rely on prior weight matrices assumptions. It is shown that the use of geographically restricted semiparametric spatial models is a promising modeling strategy for cross-sectional datasets that are compatible with some types of spatial dependence. The results state that models that merely incorporate space coordinates might be sufficient to capture space dependence. Hedonic models for Baltimore, Boston, and Toledo housing prices datasets are revisited, studied (with the new proposed procedures), and compared with standard spatial econometric methodologies.
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LODIN, ALEXANDRU, LACRIMIOARA GRAMA, and CORNELIU RUSU. "State-space approach for symbolic analysis of an analog passive filter and its conversion to digital filter." Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation 7, no. 1 (March 5, 2022): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.87.
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The conversion of an analog filter described by a wiring diagram into another digital filter, having the same frequency characteristics was recently solved by a Python implementation. In this paper we will use this application for symbolic analysis of a passive filter having multiple components. Its conversion to digital filter is also described. Through experimental results we prove that the magnitude and phase characteristics are similar for the active analog filter and for the corresponding digital filter.
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Contoyiannis, Yiannis, Pericles Papadopoulos, Niki-Lina Matiadou, and Stelios M. Potirakis. "A New Symbolic Time Series Analysis Method Based on Time-to-Space Mapping, through a Symmetric Magnetic Field, Quantized by Prime Numbers." Symmetry 14, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 2366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14112366.
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This work presents a new analysis method for two-symbol symbolic time series based on the time-to-space mapping achieved through a device of current carrying circular rings. An algorithm based on the theory of prime numbers is proposed for the approximate estimation of the stratified magnetic field produced by the aforementioned device. The main property of the specific algorithm is that it quantizes the stratified magnetic field. If a two-symbol symbolic time series is used to determine the flow directions of the rings’ currents, a time-to-space mapping of the dynamics of the system producing the time series is observed. A unique “fingerprint” of the symbolic dynamics is shaped by the spatial allocation of the values of the six-valued symmetric quantized magnetic field produced by the device. This allows for the quantitative evaluation of the original system’s dynamics by analyzing the resultant quantized magnetic field values space allocation, in a spectrum ranging from the lack of dynamics (randomness) to the presence of dynamics at all scales (criticality). Two examples of application–corresponding to the extremes of the dynamics spectrum, specifically, for symbolic time series resulting from (a) a random numbers generator and (b) the spin alternation of 2D-Ising in its critical state, verify the reliable time-to-space mapping of the involved symbolic dynamics. Moreover, an application to the symbolic sequence produced by the DNA of the GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) human gene is presented as a real-world, intermediate dynamics case. The proposed symbolic time series analysis method presents the advantage that can take into account information related to both symbols, which is particularly useful in analyzing two-symbol time series of relatively short length where the probabilities of occurrence of the two symbols are not equal. By inferring the universality class of an artificial-neural-network-based hybrid spin model through the value of the critical exponent , it is shown that for such time series, the proposed method provides a unique way to expose the real dynamics of the underlying complex system, in contrast to the analysis of waiting times in the time domain that leads to an ambiguous quantitative result.
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BUFFET, OLIVIER. "REACHABILITY ANALYSIS FOR UNCERTAIN SSPs." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 16, no. 04 (August 2007): 725–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213007003527.
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Stochastic Shortest Path problems (SSPs) can be efficiently dealt with by the Real-Time Dynamic Programming algorithm (RTDP). Yet, RTDP requires that a goal state is always reachable. This article presents an algorithm checking for goal reachability, especially in the complex case of an uncertain SSP where only a possible interval is known for each transition probability. This gives an analysis method for determining if SSP algorithms such as RTDP are applicable, even if the exact model is not known. As this is a time-consuming algorithm, we also present a simple process that often speeds it up dramatically. Yet, the main improvement still needed is to turn to a symbolic analysis in order to avoid a complete state-space enumeration.
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Edelkamp, Stefan, Peter Kissmann, and Martha Rohte. "Symbolic and Explicit Search Hybrid through Perfect Hash Functions — A Case Study in Connect Four." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 24 (May 10, 2014): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v24i1.13637.
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This work combines recent advances in AI planning under memory limitation, namely bitvector and symbolic search. Bitvector search assumes a bijective mapping between state and memory addresses, while symbolic search compactly represents state sets. The memory requirements vary with the structure of the problem to be solved. The integration of the two algorithms into one hybrid algorithm for strongly solving general games initiates a BDD-based solving algorithm, which consists of a forward computation of the reachable state set, possibly followed by a layered backward retrograde analysis. If the main memory becomes exhausted, it switches to explicit-state two-bit retrograde search. We use the classical game of Connect Four as a case study, and solve some instances of the problem space-efficiently with the proposed hybrid search algorithm.
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Borutzky, W., and J. Granda. "Bond graph based frequency domain sensitivity analysis of multidisciplinary systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 216, no. 1 (February 1, 2002): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0959651021541453.
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Multidisciplinary systems are described most suitably by bond graphs. In order to determine unnormalized frequency domain sensitivities in symbolic form, this paper proposes to construct in a systematic manner a bond graph from another bond graph, which is called the associated incremental bond graph in this paper. Contrary to other approaches reported in the literature the variables at the bonds of the incremental bond graph are not sensitivities but variations (incremental changes) in the power variables from their nominal values due to parameter changes. Thus their product is power. For linear elements their corresponding model in the incremental bond graph also has a linear characteristic. By deriving the system equations in symbolic state space form from the incremental bond graph in the same way as they are derived from the initial bond graph, the sensitivity matrix of the system can be set up in symbolic form. Its entries are transfer functions depending on the nominal parameter values and on the nominal states and the inputs of the original model. The sensitivities can be determined automatically by the bond graph preprocessor CAMP-G and the widely used program MATLAB together with the Symbolic Toolbox for symbolic mathematical calculation. No particular program is needed for the approach proposed. The initial bond graph model may be non-linear and may contain controlled sources and multiport elements. In that case the sensitivity model is linear time variant and must be solved in the time domain. The rationale and the generality of the proposed approach are presented. For illustration purposes a mechatronic example system, a load positioned by a constant-excitation d.c. motor, is presented and sensitivities are determined in symbolic form by means of CAMP-G/MATLAB.
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Lodin, Alexandru, Lacrimioara Grama, and Corneliu Rusu. "Symbolic Analysis of an Analog Active Filter as Path for Conversion to Digital Filter." Carpathian Journal of Electronic and Computer Engineering 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cjece-2018-0011.
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Abstract Recently have been reported methods to deliver a digital filter from an analog active filter, described only by its circuits diagram. The proposed approaches have been implemented in MATLAB and Python, and they were based on state-space conversion from analog to digital domain. Based on the Python approach, we show in this paper how to compute the transfer function of a large order analog active filter. The analog filter is described only by its circuits diagram. Finally, the analog filter is converted to the corresponding digital filter, having similar frequency gain and phase characteristics.
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Corke, Peter I. "A symbolic and numeric procedure for manipulator rigid-body dynamic significance analysis and simplification." Robotica 16, no. 5 (September 1998): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574798000769.
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This paper describes an automated procedure for analysing the significance of each of the many terms in the equations of motion for a serial-link robot manipulator. Significance analysis provides insight into the rigid-body dynamic effects that are significant locally or globally in the manipulator's state space. Deleting those terms that do not contribute significantly to the total joint torque can greatly reduce the computational burden for online control, and a Monte-Carlo style simulation is used to investigate the errors thus introduced. The procedures, freely available, are a hybrid of symbolic and numeric techniques implemented using a standard computer algebra package.
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OKSANA A., EVTUSHENKO, and SHESTAKOVA OLGA A. "NON-VERBAL AND MIXED SIGNS IN THE LINGUASEMIOTIC SPACE OF THE INSTITUTIONAL DISCOURSE." HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES 78, no. 2 (2021): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-4936-2021-78-2-030-035.
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His article analyses non-verbal and mixed signs as important elements of the linguasemiotic space of the institutional discourse (pedagogical in particular) on the example of Volgograd educational institutions. The article elicits that the semiotic space of the educational institutions under analysis is rich in all kinds of signs which reflect the institutional nature of the educational institutions emphasizing the participants’ of the pedagogical discourse social statuses. The linguistic analysis is applied to non-verbal signs (paralinguistic signs, iconic signs, symbolic signs, coloronyms, symbolic artifacts) as well as to mixed ones. A mixed sign is a combination of verbal and non-verbal components (coat of arms, anthem, ritual). According to the results of the research it is stated that the linguasemiotic space of VSMU, VolSU, VolSAU, VSPEA, VSAPE and Volgograd conservatory is more developed then the linguasemiotic space of VSTU, VSSPU and VSIAC.
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Khokholova, Irena, Natalia Danilova, Alyona Tomaska, and Kyunney Pestereva. "Memorial narratives and symbolic images as a resource for the development of Northern urban space." SHS Web of Conferences 112 (2021): 00043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111200043.
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The article is devoted to the identification of symbolic markers and perception of the cognitive model of the space of the northern cities of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The definition of “northern cities” is constructed based on the results of a study to identify various aspects of identity (national, territorial, ethnocultural) and is used by the authors when defining all cities of Yakutia. The main tools for constructing and regulating the cognitive map of a city are city monuments associated with historical memory and acting as components of state policy and a nation-building tool. The main research methods were historical and cognitive analysis and the method of questionnaire survey. The novelty of the article is a cross-cultural study of the perception of urban monuments as symbolic markers of urban space. The authors observe a difference in the perception of the symbolism of urban space between generational groups. It is concluded that each city, depending on its geographical and economic location, local characteristics, and national identity, has its own specific set of symbolic markers in the cognitive map of the city. The findings will contribute to the systematic study of the value attitudes of residents of modern Russian cities. Multilevel models of symbolic images associated with both national and territorial identities are being built.
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Sullivan, Jonathan, Simon Chadwick, and Michael Gow. "China’s Football Dream: Sport, Citizenship, Symbolic Power, and Civic Spaces." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 43, no. 6 (August 5, 2019): 493–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723519867588.
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This article examines the mobilization of football in relation to Chinese state-building projects. Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of “symbolic power” is applied to frame policy analysis of China’s 2016-2050 National Football Plan and narrative analysis of developments within China’s rapidly expanding football sector. The extensive mobilization of national, provincial, and local government institutions forms spaces for civic participation in state-building projects through direct participation in football. These civic spaces allow for active citizenship engagement with state projects and for expressions of consensus and participation with the Chinese Dream while also limiting potential for competing cultural movements to emerge. This article argues that such developments are driven primarily for socio-political objectives with the aim of fostering shared notions of citizenship through the medium of sport.
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Bilchenko, Yevheniia. "Тhe Transnational Paradoxes of the Global World: Cultural Analysis." Culturology Ideas, no. 17 (1'2020) (2020): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37627/2311-9489-17-2020-1.54-64.
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The article deals with the critical analysis of the symptoms of the transnational world, which is interpreted as a symbolic order, prone to automatic self-reproduction and inertia of functioning in the machine mode of transgression through the legitimation of its own shortcomings. The main trauma is the basic conflict between the owners of the capital and the employees expressed at the level of everyday reality due to the change of the structure in communication between "people of time" (third wave) and "people of space" (first wave). The "people of time" appear as ideologues who create manipulative realities for "people of space", as dogmatists held in a situation of partial control and utilitarian use. The result of the ideological shift of the basic conflict into the field of culture are the numerous secondary conflicts, one of which is the paradox generated at the level of the symbolic order between globalism and multiculturalism itself, between the politics of unification and the politics of identities as a mechanism for supporting homeostasis. The appearance of this paradox indicates a real socio-economic contradiction masked by the "open suture" (tactics of uncovered information in hyper-realism). At the level of regional politics, this is manifested in a selective attitude to the locations in their struggle against unitary state governments and to those governments themselves, depending on their globalist or anti-globalist orientation.
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Kostromitskaya, Anna Vadimovna. "Urban Culture of the Crimea during the Soviet time: symbolic dominants of cultural space." Урбанистика, no. 1 (January 2021): 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2310-8673.2021.1.33107.
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The article describes the peculiarities of Crimean culture of the Soviet period through analyzing the key images and symbolic dominants of the cultural space of Soviet society and cultural landscape of the peninsula. The object of this research is the cultural landscape of Crimea as a system of unique cultural codes of symbolic nature; while the subject is the symbolic dominants of Crimean cultural space, most vivid markers of cultural space and meaningful structures of semiosphere of the Crimean cities. Methodological framework is based on the systematic approach that allows studying urban landscape as a set of interrelate elements, such as architecture, monuments, parks, toponymy, nature as a component of cultural landscape, information and communication specificities of interaction between the center and periphery. Analysis is conducted on the nature of the symbolic dominants of Crimean cultural landscape of the Soviet period based on the semiotic models of R. Barth, Y. Lotman, U. Eco, as well as research of the contemporary authors. It is established that symbolic space of the Crimean cities reflects the “new cultural construction”, in which priority is given to infrastructural transformations; attempt of the cultural dialogue between the city and rural areas, the center and periphery; changes in the social and ethnic structures; image of the Soviet city is now based on the technics, technology, and man. The author identifies the symbolic dominants that resemble the specifics of the Soviet culture formed in the cities of the peninsula, which defined the novelty of this research. The acquired results reveal the current state of the Soviet text on the culture of Crimean cities as a part of cultural memory of the Crimeans, and can be valuable for determining the specificity and mechanisms of the use of urban space by modern urban community. The images of the “Soviet city” and “Soviet Crimea” depicted in the article can be implemented in the strategies for the development and advancement of territories
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KENNY, IVAN. "The Right to Tlatelolco: Space, State and Home in Rojo amanecer (1989), Directed by Jorge Fons." Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 97, no. 10 (November 1, 2020): 1113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bhs.2020.62.
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This article addresses the issue of spatiality in the Mexican film Rojo amanecer (Jorge Fons, 1989), which dramatizes the events surrounding the massacre of student demonstrators in the plaza de Tlatelolco, Mexico City, on 2nd October 1968. The film has received a good deal of critical attention and yet a detailed analysis of its rendering of narrative space remains to be done. With reference to the spatial theories of Henri Lefebvre and Gaston Bachelard, I argue that the film’s innovative use of narrative space establishes a symbolic connection between the events in the public space of the Plaza de las Tres Culturas and the intimate space of the Mexican family home. The harrowing depiction of an invasion of state power into the space of the home serves to critique the Partido Revolutionario Institutional (PRI) regime’s core ideology and its modernist housing project in Tlatelolco.
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Jbeli, Naima, and Zohra Sbai. "On Improving Model Checking of Time Petri Nets and Its Application to the Formal Verification." International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology 12, no. 4 (July 2021): 68–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.2021070105.
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Time Petri nets (TPN) are successfully used in the specification and analysis of distributed systems that involve explicit timing constraints. Especially, model checking TPN is a hopeful method for the formal verification of such complex systems. For this, it is promising to lean to the construction of an optimized version of the state space. The well-known methods of state space abstraction are SCG (state class graph) and ZBG (graph based on zones). For ZBG, a symbolic state represents the real evaluations of the clocks of the TPN; it is thus possible to directly check quantitative time properties. However, this method suffers from the state space explosion. To attenuate this problem, the authors propose in this paper to combine the ZBG approach with the partial order reduction technique based on stubborn set, leading thus to the proposal of a new state space abstraction called reduced zone-based graph (RZBG). The authors show via case studies the efficiency of the RZBG which is implemented and integrated within the 〖TPN-TCTL〗_h^∆ model checking in the model checker Romeo.
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Han, Pujie, Zhengjun Zhai, Yanhong Lu, and Yunxi Li. "Parameter Generation for Hierarchical Scheduling Systems Based on Model Checking." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 37, no. 6 (December 2019): 1302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20193761302.
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A parameter generation method based on model checking is proposed to tackle the parameter selection of hierarchical scheduling systems in Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) by combining the classical symbolic model checking and the Statistical Model Checking (SMC). It builds a generic timed automata network to describe the temporal behavior of hierarchical systems. A distributed genetic algorithm is adopted to search the optimum partition parameters with respect to processor utilization while guaranteeing the schedulability of the system, which is formulated as safety properties of symbolic model checking and hypothesis testing of SMC. Comparing with the widely-used response time analysis, the formal model of this method is more expressive to cover complex features. The application of SMC alleviates the "state space explosion" of classical model checking. Finally, the parameter generation experiments show that the present method is able to find the global optimum solutions in the parameter space.
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Jiang, Xuchu, Hu Zhang, Ying Li, Wei Jiang, Xinyong Mao, Hai Lin, and Biao Zhang. "Vibration stability analysis of cantilever structure based on symbolic regression algorithm and modal analysis method." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 5 (May 2021): 168781402110212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211021242.
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The vibration stability of cantilever mechanism under high-speed rotation directly affects the positioning accuracy. Modal analysis method is usually used to study the vibration stability. However, the traditional experimental modal analysis (EMA) method needs to measure the impulse excitation, while the operational modal analysis (OMA) method needs to satisfy the assumption of white noise. Therefore, the existing modal analysis methods cannot be applied to the study of vibration stability of high-frequency cantilever mechanism. In this paper, the symbolic regression (SR) algorithm is combined with the EMA method, and the robustness analysis and feasibility verification are carried out under the condition of adding noise. The validation of the new method is divided into two parts. In the first part, a three degree of freedom (DOF) linear model is constructed, and the modal parameters identified by SR method and state space method are compared. In the second part, the method is applied to identify the modal parameters of stepped bar. The results are compared with the results of LMS (Siemens’ Testlab). Based on the time-domain response signal only, the modal parameters are extracted by SR, and the main vibration frequency is extracted from the response signal. The system simulation and experimental results show the method provides a possibility to analyze the vibration stability of cantilever structure.
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Sekulic, Nada. "Gender aspects of public urban space: Analysis of the names of Belgrade streets." Sociologija 56, no. 2 (2014): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1402125s.
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The street city network and the street names represent structural public symbolic system which is characterized by readability. This readability gives identity; the city is clearly divided in significant and less significant zones used for different purposes with different levels of communicativity. It is explicitly connected with public memory evocation-with collective memory and the state ideology. Having that in mind, the names of streets in Belgrade given by female names will be analyzed. It is analyzed how it is in structural manner the street network in Belgrade on symbolic level (through the names of streets and their distribution in the street network structure) expresses gender based distribution of power in the public space-using relation between the center and periphery in certain municipalities and the city as a whole. Investigating different city zones, it can be showed ?rationalization of political domination? - the parts of the city where the residencies of foreign countries, embassies and consulates are situated, representative and private, as well as zones which belong to different social stratums - higher and lower layers, which are also the zones of different communicative capacity (determinated by the structure of street network). This analysis clearly points out on distinctive, even though implicitly inherited difference in power distribution and gender based standings in social organization of the space. Streets which got the name by women are very few and they occupy marginal positions in the street network structure - they are mostly peripheral, smaller streets, which are in high percent dead end streets. In the same time, the dynamics of the change of the street names in the last decade is not in favor of the names from National Liberation Army (NOB). Street name change affirms historical females characters from XIX century, expressing on the direct way the ideological change and the need of classes and stratums which tend to establish their social position today and their influence on the changing the view on history in order to consolidate their own legitimization.
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Cimatti, A., and M. Roveri. "Conformant Planning via Symbolic Model Checking." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 13 (December 1, 2000): 305–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.774.
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We tackle the problem of planning in nondeterministic domains, by presenting a new approach to conformant planning. Conformant planning is the problem of finding a sequence of actions that is guaranteed to achieve the goal despite the nondeterminism of the domain. Our approach is based on the representation of the planning domain as a finite state automaton. We use Symbolic Model Checking techniques, in particular Binary Decision Diagrams, to compactly represent and efficiently search the automaton. In this paper we make the following contributions. First, we present a general planning algorithm for conformant planning, which applies to fully nondeterministic domains, with uncertainty in the initial condition and in action effects. The algorithm is based on a breadth-first, backward search, and returns conformant plans of minimal length, if a solution to the planning problem exists, otherwise it terminates concluding that the problem admits no conformant solution. Second, we provide a symbolic representation of the search space based on Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs), which is the basis for search techniques derived from symbolic model checking. The symbolic representation makes it possible to analyze potentially large sets of states and transitions in a single computation step, thus providing for an efficient implementation. Third, we present CMBP (Conformant Model Based Planner), an efficient implementation of the data structures and algorithm described above, directly based on BDD manipulations, which allows for a compact representation of the search layers and an efficient implementation of the search steps. Finally, we present an experimental comparison of our approach with the state-of-the-art conformant planners CGP, QBFPLAN and GPT. Our analysis includes all the planning problems from the distribution packages of these systems, plus other problems defined to stress a number of specific factors. Our approach appears to be the most effective: CMBP is strictly more expressive than QBFPLAN and CGP and, in all the problems where a comparison is possible, CMBP outperforms its competitors, sometimes by orders of magnitude.
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Forehand, David I. M., Raya Khanin, and Matthew P. Cartmell. "A Lagrangian multibody code for deriving the symbolic state-space equations of motion for open-loop systems containing flexible beams." Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 67, no. 1-2 (September 2004): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2004.05.010.
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Matilla-García, Mariano, Isidro Morales, Jose Miguel Rodríguez, and Manuel Ruiz Marín. "Selection of Embedding Dimension and Delay Time in Phase Space Reconstruction via Symbolic Dynamics." Entropy 23, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23020221.
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The modeling and prediction of chaotic time series require proper reconstruction of the state space from the available data in order to successfully estimate invariant properties of the embedded attractor. Thus, one must choose appropriate time delay τ∗ and embedding dimension p for phase space reconstruction. The value of τ∗ can be estimated from the Mutual Information, but this method is rather cumbersome computationally. Additionally, some researchers have recommended that τ∗ should be chosen to be dependent on the embedding dimension p by means of an appropriate value for the time delay τw=(p−1)τ∗, which is the optimal time delay for independence of the time series. The C-C method, based on Correlation Integral, is a method simpler than Mutual Information and has been proposed to select optimally τw and τ∗. In this paper, we suggest a simple method for estimating τ∗ and τw based on symbolic analysis and symbolic entropy. As in the C-C method, τ∗ is estimated as the first local optimal time delay and τw as the time delay for independence of the time series. The method is applied to several chaotic time series that are the base of comparison for several techniques. The numerical simulations for these systems verify that the proposed symbolic-based method is useful for practitioners and, according to the studied models, has a better performance than the C-C method for the choice of the time delay and embedding dimension. In addition, the method is applied to EEG data in order to study and compare some dynamic characteristics of brain activity under epileptic episodes
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Khlyshcheva, Elena. "Identity Formation in the Educational Process in Russia and Kazakhstan: Comparative Analysis." Polylogos 6, no. 4 (22) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s258770110023490-1.
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The multivalence of interpretations of identity depends on the context of consideration. The primordialist approach to explaining identity is gradually giving way to a constructivist approach in which identity is seen as a social construct. "Multiple" identity means transcending one's ethnoculture and diffusing original identities. It is almost impossible to create a stable "map of identities," but the more important is the process of making sense of it from a contemporary perspective. The transformation of identities is clearly visible in the post-Soviet space, which is an area of vital interest for Russia. The modern post-Soviet space is a conflict-prone zone, where the interests of many world powers, are concentrated. The search for a new national identity is closely connected with the assertion of the symbolic status of the people in world history, which is why the role of education is so important. The article analyzes the Russian and Kazakh federal state educational standards of education (FSES) and Educational Development Strategies and reveals their specificity. The priority of the State Compulsory Standard of Russia is the formation of civil identity, while in Kazakhstan we note the dominance of the ethnic component of identity.
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Schuster, J., and M. Siegle. "Path-based calculation of MTTFF, MTTFR, and asymptotic unavailability with the stochastic process algebra tool CASPA." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 225, no. 4 (September 28, 2011): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x11392286.
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CASPA is a stochastic process algebra tool for performance and dependability modelling, analysis, and verification. It is based entirely on the symbolic data structure of the multi-terminal binary decision diagram (MTBDD) which enables the tool to handle models with very large state space. This paper describes an extension of CASPA’s solving engine for path-based approximation of the mean time to first failure, the mean time to first recovery, and asymptotic unavailability by MTBDD algorithms. A non-trivial case study illustrates the use of path-based analysis and comparisons between the path-based unavailability calculations and results obtained from standard Markovian analysis are presented.
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Dong, Rongsheng, Yangyang Zhu, Zhoubo Xu, and Fengying Li. "Decision Diagram Based Symbolic Algorithm for Evaluating the Reliability of a Multistate Flow Network." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6908120.
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Evaluating the reliability of Multistate Flow Network (MFN) is an NP-hard problem. Ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) or variants thereof, such as multivalued decision diagram (MDD), are compact and efficient data structures suitable for dealing with large-scale problems. Two symbolic algorithms for evaluating the reliability of MFN, MFN_OBDD and MFN_MDD, are proposed in this paper. In the algorithms, several operating functions are defined to prune the generated decision diagrams. Thereby the state space of capacity combinations is further compressed and the operational complexity of the decision diagrams is further reduced. Meanwhile, the related theoretical proofs and complexity analysis are carried out. Experimental results show the following: (1) compared to the existing decomposition algorithm, the proposed algorithms take less memory space and fewer loops. (2) The number of nodes and the number of variables of MDD generated in MFN_MDD algorithm are much smaller than those of OBDD built in the MFN_OBDD algorithm. (3) In two cases with the same number of arcs, the proposed algorithms are more suitable for calculating the reliability of sparse networks.
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Anikin, Daniil A., and Andrei A. Linchenko. "Strategies for conceptualizing historical responsibility in the context of modern media representations." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 474 (2022): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/474/12.
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The article analyzes theoretical models of historical responsibility and the peculiarities of their application in the context of modern media presentations. A comparative analysis of the models of historical responsibility in modern foreign philosophy and social and humanitarian knowledge clearly indicates the dominance of the universalist and constructivist approaches in understanding historical responsibility. In the latter case, it is viewed as a social practice that develops within a certain community and is focused on appropriation or participation in the distribution of symbolic capital. Historical responsibility is a “tense” relationship of the emerging sociocultural situation, where the discursive practices of historical responsibility (imparting guilt; identifying victims, criminals, participants, observers) turn out to be a kind of a mechanism of symbolic dominance in the political space. This state of affairs cannot escape the influence of, first of all, the media. They turn out to be an environment for the actualization and transformation of historical responsibility discourses that begin to obey the media's logic, goals and objectives. Based on the methodological ideas of Pierre Bourdieu's theory of symbolic struggle and sociophilosophical analysis, the scientist, instrumentalist and pluralistic media strategies in relation to the discourse of historical responsibility were identified and analyzed. The main criterion for highlighting these media strategies was the role of the history researchers' professional community. Each of them was presented in the context of opportunities and risks. The analysis shows that, in the modern symbolic space, these strategies are blended, as a result of which various subjects of historical responsibility not only contribute to the fragmentation of space, but also create potentially conflict-prone clusters. In the context of works by A. Rigney, A. Erll, M. Rothberg, L. Bond, and R. Crownshaw, the article demonstrates that the blending of media strategies is especially noticeable in the context of new transcultural and cross-border ways of collective memory dynamics, when the familiar images of the victim, the criminal, the participant, and the observer find themselves in new interpretative contexts of the host culture, the historical politics of the host society, and the dynamics of its transgenerational values.
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Yang, B. "Distributed Transfer Function Analysis of Complex Distributed Parameter Systems." Journal of Applied Mechanics 61, no. 1 (March 1, 1994): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2901426.
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This paper presents a new analytical and numerical method for modeling and synthesis of complex distributed parameter systems that are multiple continua combined with lumped parameter systems. In the analysis, the complex distributed parameter system is first divided into a number of subsystems; the distributed transfer functions of each subsystem are determined in exact and closed form by a state space technique. The complex distributed parameter system is then assembled by imposing displacement compatibility and force balance at the nodes where the subsystems are interconnected. With the distributed transfer functions and the transfer functions of the constraints and lumped parameter systems, exact, closed-form formulation is obtained for various dynamics and vibration problems. The method does not require a knowledge of system eigensolutions, and is valid for non-self-adjoint systems with inhomogeneous boundary conditions. In addition, the proposed method is convenient in computer coding and suitable for computerized symbolic manipulation.
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Vahed, A., and C. W. Omlin. "A Machine Learning Method for Extracting Symbolic Knowledge from Recurrent Neural Networks." Neural Computation 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/08997660460733994.
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Neural networks do not readily provide an explanation of the knowledge stored in their weights as part of their information processing. Until recently, neural networks were considered to be black boxes, with the knowledge stored in their weights not readily accessible. Since then, research has resulted in a number of algorithms for extracting knowledge in symbolic form from trained neural networks. This article addresses the extraction of knowledge in symbolic form from recurrent neural networks trained to behave like deterministic finite-state automata (DFAs). To date, methods used to extract knowledge from such networks have relied on the hypothesis that networks' states tend to cluster and that clusters of network states correspond to DFA states. The computational complexity of such a cluster analysis has led to heuristics that either limit the number of clusters that may form during training or limit the exploration of the space of hidden recurrent state neurons. These limitations, while necessary, may lead to decreased fidelity, in which the extracted knowledge may not model the true behavior of a trained network, perhaps not even for the training set. The method proposed here uses a polynomial time, symbolic learning algorithm to infer DFAs solely from the observation of a trained network's input-output behavior. Thus, this method has the potential to increase the fidelity of the extracted knowledge.
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Lamanna, Leonardo, Alfonso Emilio Gerevini, Alessandro Saetti, Luciano Serafini, and Paolo Traverso. "On-line Learning of Planning Domains from Sensor Data in PAL: Scaling up to Large State Spaces." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 13 (May 18, 2021): 11862–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i13.17409.
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We propose an approach to learn an extensional representation of a discrete deterministic planning domain from observations in a continuous space navigated by the agent actions. This is achieved through the use of a perception function providing the likelihood of a real-value observation being in a given state of the planning domain after executing an action. The agent learns an extensional representation of the domain (the set of states, the transitions from states to states caused by actions) and the perception function on-line, while it acts for accomplishing its task. In order to provide a practical approach that can scale up to large state spaces, a “draft” intensional (PDDL-based) model of the planning domain is used to guide the exploration of the environment and learn the states and state transitions. The proposed approach uses a novel algorithm to (i) construct the extensional representation of the domain by interleaving symbolic planning in the PDDL intensional representation and search in the state transition graph of the extensional representation; (ii) incrementally refine the intensional representation taking into account information about the actions that the agent cannot execute. An experimental analysis shows that the novel approach can scale up to large state spaces, thus overcoming the limits in scalability of the previous work.
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Kysylbaikova, Marina Ilyinichna, Irena Semenovna Khokholova, and Alina Petrovna Vasileva. "The symbolic space of northern cities of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) on the example of art objects." Культура и искусство, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0625.2021.1.34823.
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This article examines the symbolic space of northern cities of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), represented by art objects of modernity. The interpretation of landscape text, its symbolic transformation within the framework of transformations of the state structure contributes to broad understanding of territorial identity and determination of its new forms and projections. The authors consider the experience of Central Russia and Western cities. The article presents classification of art objects, murals and graffiti of the cities of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) by structural-semantic hierarchy in the monumental decorative art of urban space. Special attention is given to the bright examples with regional and local code components, as well to the objects created under the influence of Western culture. The novelty of this research consists the overview and analysis of the art objects of northern cities of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) from the perspective of semiotic approach. The peculiarities of creation of art objects, their symbolism and meaning are determined. The author highlights the main flaws in the concept of creation of urban spaces in the North, as well as offers possible solutions to the questions of formation of favorable urban environment, taking into account seamless adaptation to time and place. Emphasis is made on the need for systemic approach in the search for own identity in erection of art objects, application of color and light, as well as on the need for functionality and environmental friendliness of art objects in northern cities of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).
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Kinathil, Shamin, Harold Soh, and Scott Sanner. "Analytic Decision Analysis via Symbolic Dynamic Programming for Parameterized Hybrid MDPs." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 27 (June 5, 2017): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v27i1.13803.
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Decision analysis w.r.t. unknown parameters is a critical task in decision-making under uncertainty. For example, we may need to (i) perform inverse learning of the cost parameters of a multi-objective reward based on observed agent behavior; (ii) perform sensitivity analyses of policies to various parameter settings; or (iii) analyze and optimize policy performance as a function of policy parameters. When such problems have mixed discrete and continuous state and/or action spaces, this leads to parameterized hybrid MDPs (PHMDPs) that are often approximately solved via discretization, sampling, and/or local gradient methods (when optimization is involved). In this paper we combine two recent advances that allow for the first exact solution and optimization of PHMDPs. We first show how each of the aforementioned use cases can be formalized as PHMDPs, which can then be solved via an extension of symbolic dynamic programming (SDP) even when the solution is piecewise nonlinear. Secondly, we can leverage recent advances in non-convex solvers that require symbolic forms of the objective function for non-convex global optimization in (i), (ii), and (iii) using SDP to derive symbolic solutions for each PHMDP formalization. We demonstrate the efficacy and scalability of our optimal analytical framework on nonlinear examples of each of the aforementioned use cases.
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Pitaloka, Rieke Diah, Hendriyani Hendriyani, Eriyanto Eriyanto, and Haryatmoko Haryatmoko. "Communication practice in village data collection." Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies) 6, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 179–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v6i1.4314.
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This study analyses two communication practices for rural data collection in Indonesia: top-down, carried out by the state, and bottom-up, initiated by collective intellectuals. This research is to reveal how to communicate rural data collection actions. The differences in data manifest the practice of communicating rural data collection actions; and Doxa, habitus, and symbolic violence that is ‘hidden’ in the procedures and mechanisms of data collection run by the state. The study area is Tegallalang Village, Gianyar Regency, Bali. Quantitative data in Prodeskel from the Ministry of Home Affairs and Precision Village Data (DDP) with a Drone Participatory Mapping approach were obtained independently by researchers. The research used Mixed Methods Research. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews using the Nvivo R1 application analysis. Knife analysis using Pierre Bourdieu and Nick Couldry. The study results found two differences in the practice of rural data collection, namely; first, the difference in data collection actors. The state represents Prodeskel, and collective intellectuals represent DDP; second, the difference in data is due to differences in the practice of communication actions (procedures and mechanisms) of data collection. Prodeskel data with a top-down approach produces low-accuracy data and vice versa for DDP. This research also reveals the opus operatum of communication actions in the form of Doxa, habitus, and symbolic violence in data collection of the country’s countryside and digital technology to build a space for communication and citizen participation which is the key to the birth of DDP.
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Shumbayawonda, Elizabeth, Daniel Abásolo, David López-Sanz, Ricardo Bruña, Fernando Maestu, and Alberto Fernández. "Sex Differences in the Complexity of Healthy Older Adults’ Magnetoencephalograms." Entropy 21, no. 8 (August 15, 2019): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21080798.
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The analysis of resting-state brain activity recording in magnetoencephalograms (MEGs) with new algorithms of symbolic dynamics analysis could help obtain a deeper insight into the functioning of the brain and identify potential differences between males and females. Permutation Lempel-Ziv complexity (PLZC), a recently introduced non-linear signal processing algorithm based on symbolic dynamics, was used to evaluate the complexity of MEG signals in source space. PLZC was estimated in a broad band of frequencies (2–45 Hz), as well as in narrow bands (i.e., theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), low beta (12–20 Hz), high beta (20–30 Hz), and gamma (30–45 Hz)) in a sample of 98 healthy elderly subjects (49 males, 49 female) aged 65–80 (average age of 72.71 ± 4.22 for males and 72.67 ± 4.21 for females). PLZC was significantly higher for females than males in the high beta band at posterior brain regions including the precuneus, and the parietal and occipital cortices. Further statistical analyses showed that higher complexity values over highly overlapping regions than the ones mentioned above were associated with larger hippocampal volumes only in females. These results suggest that sex differences in healthy aging can be identified from the analysis of magnetoencephalograms with novel signal processing methods.
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OGORZAŁEK, MACIEJ J. "COMPLEX BEHAVIOR IN DIGITAL FILTERS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 02, no. 01 (March 1992): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127492000033.
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This paper presents recent results concerning possibilities of complex behavior in extremely simple second-order digital filter structures. Two types of such behavior have been confirmed by simulation experiments and rigorous mathematical analysis: 1) chaotic behavior defined here as the existence of aperiodic, bounded trajectories displaying sensitive dependence to the initial states. Such trajectories often form very complex, self-similar patterns in the state-space. 2) an abundance of oscillatory solutions and final state sensitivity with respect to system parameters. This type of behavior can be identified by an extremely complicated structure of the parameter space (existence of Arnold tongues) and fine structure of changes of dynamic behavior when varying filter parameters (devil’s staircase). The first type of behavior has been discovered in filter sections employing two’s complement adder overflow characteristics and confirmed via symbolic dynamics technique. Properties of the second type have been found in extensive numerical experiments carried out for filter sections employing saturation arithmetic and in which a full confirmation via the mathematical analysis of an associated one-dimensional model of the system has been made.
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Branlard, Emmanuel, and Jens Geisler. "A symbolic framework to obtain mid-fidelity models of flexible multibody systems with application to horizontal-axis wind turbines." Wind Energy Science 7, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 2351–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2351-2022.
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Abstract. The article presents a symbolic framework (also called computer algebra program) that is used to obtain, in symbolic mathematical form, the linear and nonlinear equations of motion of a mid-fidelity multibody system including rigid and flexible bodies. Our approach is based on Kane's method and a nonlinear shape function representation for flexible bodies. The shape function approach does not represent the state of the art for flexible multibody dynamics but is an effective trade-off to obtain mid-fidelity models with few degrees of freedom, taking advantage of the separation of space and time. The method yields compact symbolic equations of motion with implicit account of the constraints. The general and automatic framework facilitates the creation and manipulation of models with various levels of complexity by adding or removing degrees of freedom. The symbolic treatment allows for analytical gradients and linearized equations of motion. The linear and nonlinear equations can be exported to Python code or dedicated software. There are multiple applications, such as time domain simulation, stability analyses, frequency domain analyses, advanced controller design, state observers, and digital twins. In this article, we describe the method we used to systematically generate the equations of motion of multibody systems and present the implementation of the framework using the Python package SymPy. We apply the framework to generate illustrative land-based and offshore wind turbine models. We compare our results with OpenFAST simulations and discuss the advantages and limitations of the method. The Python implementation is provided as an open-source project.
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Dimitriadis, Stavros I. "Universal Lifespan Trajectories of Source-Space Information Flow Extracted from Resting-State MEG Data." Brain Sciences 12, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 1404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12101404.
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Source activity was extracted from resting-state magnetoencephalography data of 103 subjects aged 18–60 years. The directionality of information flow was computed from the regional time courses using delay symbolic transfer entropy and phase entropy. The analysis yielded a dynamic source connectivity profile, disentangling the direction, strength, and time delay of the underlying causal interactions, producing independent time delays for cross-frequency amplitude-to-amplitude and phase-to-phase coupling. The computation of the dominant intrinsic coupling mode (DoCM) allowed me to estimate the probability distribution of the DoCM independently of phase and amplitude. The results support earlier observations of a posterior-to-anterior information flow for phase dynamics in {α1, α2, β, γ} and an opposite flow (anterior to posterior) in θ. Amplitude dynamics reveal posterior-to-anterior information flow in {α1, α2, γ}, a sensory-motor β-oriented pattern, and an anterior-to-posterior pattern in {δ, θ}. The DoCM between intra- and cross-frequency couplings (CFC) are reported here for the first time and independently for amplitude and phase; in both domains {δ, θ, α1}, frequencies are the main contributors to DoCM. Finally, a novel brain age index (BAI) is introduced, defined as the ratio of the probability distribution of inter- over intra-frequency couplings. This ratio shows a universal age trajectory: a rapid rise from the end of adolescence, reaching a peak in adulthood, and declining slowly thereafter. The universal pattern is seen in the BAI of each frequency studied and for both amplitude and phase domains. No such universal age dependence was previously reported.
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Popelková, Katarína. "Grape Harvest Festival in the Town – A Successful Format for Entertainment, Politics, Trade, and Consumption (The Case of Pezinok, in the Slovak Republic)." Český lid 108, no. 3 (September 25, 2021): 259–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21104/cl.2021.3.01.
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This article focuses on a three-day town celebration called Vinobranie (Grape Harvest), which takes place in the public space of the town of Pezinok in Western Slovakia. This eventis over eighty years old and was established the representatives of the town in collaboration with the local wine-growing association, organised with the support of the state railway company. The grape harvest festival is a mosaic of various elements with symbolic contents, representing an impressive whole wrapped in an offer of a varied programme and consumption. The study observes the changing form and structure of the festival from its origins up until the present day, as well as the dynamics of the range of its functions in the local community. The author follows an ethnological perspective. She draws on historical archive documents and ethnographic materials. In her analysis, she applies the concept of festival (Waldemar Cudny’s ‘Festivalisation of Urban Spaces’, 2016).
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Markakis, M. P., and P. S. Douris. "Hopf Bifurcation Analysis of a New SEIRS Epidemic Model with Nonlinear Incidence Rate and Nonpermanent Immunity." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2018 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1467235.
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A new SEIRS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence rate and nonpermanent immunity is presented in the present paper. The fact that the incidence rate per infective individual is given by a nonlinear function and product of rational powers of two state variables, as well as the introduction of an epidemic-induced death rate, leads to a more realistic modeling of the physical problem itself. A stability analysis is performed and the features of Hopf bifurcation are investigated. Both the corresponding critical regions in the parameter space and their stability characteristics are presented. Furthermore, by using algorithms based on a new symbolic form as regards the restriction of an n-dimensional nonlinear parametric system to the center manifold and the normal forms of the corresponding Hopf bifurcation, as well, the associated bifurcation diagram is derived, and finally various emerging limit cycles are numerically obtained by appropriate implemented methods.
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Hanson, Stephen José, and Michiro Negishi. "On the Emergence of Rules in Neural Networks." Neural Computation 14, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 2245–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976602320264079.
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A simple associationist neural network learns to factor abstract rules (i.e., grammars) from sequences of arbitrary input symbols by inventing abstract representations that accommodate unseen symbol sets as well as unseen but similar grammars. The neural network is shown to have the ability to transfer grammatical knowledge to both new symbol vocabularies and new grammars. Analysis of the state-space shows that the network learns generalized abstract structures of the input and is not simply memorizing the input strings. These representations are context sensitive, hierarchical, and based on the state variable of the finite-state machines that the neural network has learned. Generalization to new symbol sets or grammars arises from the spatial nature of the internal representations used by the network, allowing new symbol sets to be encoded close to symbol sets that have already been learned in the hidden unit space of the network. The results are counter to the arguments that learning algorithms based on weight adaptation after each exemplar presentation (such as the long term potentiation found in the mammalian nervous system) cannot in principle extract symbolic knowledge from positive examples as prescribed by prevailing human linguistic theory and evolutionary psychology.
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Khil'ko, Nikolai Fedorovich, and Yuliya Robertovna Gorelova. "Images of architectural heritage in the cultural space." Урбанистика, no. 3 (March 2022): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2310-8673.2022.3.35689.
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The subject of this article is the analysis of methodological aspects of the study of images of architectural heritage in the cultural space of the city. The object of the study is the architectural environment of the city as part of the architectural heritage. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the influence of heritage on the positive image of the territory, the essence of the image and figurative characteristics of the city, factors of perception of urban space, directions of development of the architectural environment of the city, analysis of the figurative characteristics of the city, the state of architectural heritage. Special attention is paid to the methodology of analyzing images of cultural heritage, classification of figurative characteristics, substantiation of a new approach to the analysis of the architectural environment of the city. A special contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is the substantiation of a new methodological construct in the study of the subject field of the influence of figurative characteristics of the architectural environment of the city on the preservation of its cultural heritage. The novelty of the research is the new application of the figurative-symbolic approach to the study of cultural heritage in the images of architecture. The main conclusions of the study are: the need for the formation of an architectural environment, as well as significant activities to actualize and popularize cultural heritage, the active inclusion of images of architectural heritage in the semiotic field of the cultural space of the city, increasing awareness of the value of the architectural environment on the part of citizens.
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Ermel, Tatiane De Freitas. "Cidade e escola: a construção visual do Colégio Elementar Fernando Gomes em Porto Alegre/RS - Brasil (1913-1935)." Espacio, Tiempo y Educación 3, no. 2 (July 18, 2016): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/ete.2016.003.002.015.
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In the context of studies about space and school architecture, this article analyses the visual construction of the Fernando Gomes Elementary School, which was located in downtown Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil between 1913 and 1935. Designed by the engineer Afonso Hébert, head of the Department of Public Works in the State of Rio Grande do Sul/RS, the building was completed in 1922. In addition to functional elements, i.e., a large number of classrooms that would serve to increase the access of children to primary school, its monumental proportions incorporated a series of symbolic elements aligned with the ideals of the First Brazilian Republic (1889–1930). The documentary analysis was performed on the archives of the Directorship of Public Education and the Directorship of Public Works of Rio Grande do Sul, as well as various iconographic sources, capital improvement plans and periodicals of the time. The construction of the school inaugurated a new conception of the space and architecture of public elementary schools in the State, as the visible improvement and sanitation of the cities were considered of great importance in the period. The construction of school buildings was also one of the greatest advertising tools of the new Republican political regime.
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Wojakowski, Tomasz. "Wizerunek osób z niepełnosprawnościami: stan postulowany a rzeczywisty obraz w mediach odtworzony na przykładzie tygodników opiniotwórczych." Zoon Politikon 11 (2020): 42–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543408xzop.20.003.12850.
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The Image of People with Disabilities: the Postulated State and the Real Image in the Media Recreated on the Example of Opinion-Forming Weeklies The main objective of this article is to reconstruct and compare images of different types of people with disabilities. One of them is an image postulated in the public discourse of symbolic elites. The second is a real image, i.e. one that is really presented in the media space. As a result of qualitative research involving the analysis of the texts of articles published during the period of one year (years 2017/2018) of three opinionforming weekly, has been explored and recreated the real image of people with disabilities. Comparing the two images have shown that there is a discrepancy between the postulates and the real state, which is based on the image of a stigma, exclusion and impoverishment, aid dependency, lower social position.