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Journal articles on the topic 'SXDM'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Jones, Michael W. M., Nicholas W. Phillips, Grant A. van Riessen, Brian Abbey, David J. Vine, Youssef S. G. Nashed, Stephen T. Mudie, et al. "Simultaneous X-ray fluorescence and scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy at the Australian Synchrotron XFM beamline." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 5 (August 11, 2016): 1151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577516011917.

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Owing to its extreme sensitivity, quantitative mapping of elemental distributionsviaX-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) has become a key microanalytical technique. The recent realisation of scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy (SXDM) meanwhile provides an avenue for quantitative super-resolved ultra-structural visualization. The similarity of their experimental geometries indicates excellent prospects for simultaneous acquisition. Here, in both step- and fly-scanning modes, robust, simultaneous XFM-SXDM is demonstrated.

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2

Yukino, Ken, Pujio P. Okamura, Hiroshi Biozaki, Yuji Kobayashi, and Yoshiyuki Yamada. "A Novel Scanning X-Ray Diffracto-Microscope/X-Ray Powder Diffractometer using Converged X-Ray Beam." Advances in X-ray Analysis 35, B (1991): 1275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800013598.

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AbstractA new type of scanning X-ray diffracto-microscope (SXDM) / X-ray powder diffractometer (XPD) which uses a converged incident beam, was designed, manufactured, and some of its basic characteristics were examined. The optical system consists of asymmetric reflection type curved crystal monochromators for both incident and reflection beams, a detector (FSPC, X-ray film, IP, nuclear plate), a translation mechanism for the specimen and also for the detector.

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3

Judge, William, Michael Plews, Brian May, Martin V. Holt, and Jordi Cabana. "sxdm—A python framework for analysis of Scanning X-Ray Diffraction Microscopy data." Software Impacts 10 (November 2021): 100172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simpa.2021.100172.

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4

Basu, Shibom, Jakub W. Kaminski, Ezequiel Panepucci, Chia-Ying Huang, Rangana Warshamanage, Meitian Wang, and Justyna Aleksandra Wojdyla. "Automated data collection and real-time data analysis suite for serial synchrotron crystallography." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518016570.

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At the Swiss Light Source macromolecular crystallography (MX) beamlines the collection of serial synchrotron crystallography (SSX) diffraction data is facilitated by the recent DA+ data acquisition and analysis software developments. The SSX suite allows easy, efficient and high-throughput measurements on a large number of crystals. The fast continuous diffraction-based two-dimensional grid scan method allows initial location of microcrystals. The CY+ GUI utility enables efficient assessment of a grid scan's analysis output and subsequent collection of multiple wedges of data (so-called minisets) from automatically selected positions in a serial and automated way. The automated data processing (adp) routines adapted to the SSX data collection mode provide near real time analysis for data in both CBF and HDF5 formats. The automatic data merging (adm) is the latest extension of the DA+ data analysis software routines. It utilizes the sxdm (SSX data merging) package, which provides automatic online scaling and merging of minisets and allows identification of a minisets subset resulting in the best quality of the final merged data. The results of both adp and adm are sent to the MX MongoDB database and displayed in the web-based tracker, which provides the user with on-the-fly feedback about the experiment.

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5

Zhang, Heng, Miao Hao, Lingkang Li, Keyan Chen, Jing Qi, Wei Chen, Xintong Cai, Chen Chen, Zhuang Liu, and Ping Hou. "Shenxian-Shengmai Oral Liquid Improves Sinoatrial Node Dysfunction through the PKC/NOX-2 Signaling Pathway." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (April 10, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5572140.

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Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is one of the common causes of cardiac syncope and sudden death; the occurrence of SSS is associated with the accumulation of ROS in the sinoatrial node (SAN). Shenxian-shengmai (SXSM) is a traditional Chinese medicine available as oral liquid that causes a significant increase in heart rate. The objective of this study is to observe the improvement of SXSM on SAN function in SSS mice and explore its potential mechanism. In the current study, SSS was simulated in mice by inducing SAN dysfunction using a micro-osmotic pump to inject angiotensin II (Ang II). The mouse model with SSS was used to determine the effect of SXSM on SAN function and to explore its potential mechanism. Furthermore, the HL-1 cell line, derived from mouse atrial myocytes, was used to simulate SAN pacemaker cells. Our results indicated that SXSM significantly increased the heart rate of SSS mice by reducing the AngII-induced accumulation of ROS in the SAN and by inhibiting the expression of HDAC4, thereby reducing the loss of HCN4, a critical component of the cardiac conduction system. MASSON staining revealed a reduction of SAN damage in SSS mice that were treated with SXSM compared with controls. In vitro experiments showed that AngII treatment caused an upregulation of the PKC/NOX-2 signaling pathway in HL-1 cells which could be prevented by pretreatment with SXSM. The protective effect of SXSM was attenuated upon treatment with the PCK agonist PMA. In conclusion, SXSM reduced the AngII-induced accumulation of ROS in the SAN through the PKC/NOX2 signaling pathway, improving the functioning of the SAN and preventing the decrease of heart rate in SSS mice.

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6

Chen, Chen, Heng Zhang, Siyi Hou, Yue Liu, Lu Ren, Miao Hao, Keyan Chen, et al. "Shenxian-Shengmai Oral Liquid Evoke Autophagy of Fibroblast to Attenuate Sinoatrial Node Fibrosis in Sick Sinus Syndrome Mice via the AKT/mTOR Pathway." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (September 28, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5219277.

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Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is closely associated with cardiac syncope and sudden death, wherein sinoatrial node (SAN) fibrosis is one of the main pathological changes that occur. Shenxian-Shengmai oral liquid (SXSM) has been clinically proven to significantly improve the heart rate of SSS patients. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of SXSM in reducing the SAN fibrosis by combining in vitro and in vivo experiments. Accordingly, the SSS model was constructed by slowly pumping angiotensin II (AngII) with a micro-osmotic pump. The degree of fibrosis was evaluated by Masson’s trichrome staining and immunofluorescence staining of the fibrosis marker protein. In addition, NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblasts were used to simulate SAN fibroblasts to further explore the mechanism, with AngII used as the cellular fibrosis inducer. Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and transmission electron microscopy were employed to assay the autophagy content, whereas immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were employed to elucidate the related protein expression. Finally, fibroblasts were given the AKT phosphorylation agonist SC79 to reversely verify the effects of SXSM. The results showed that SXSM could significantly increase the heart rate of SSS mice by reducing the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in SAN induced by AngII. According to in vivo experiments, when compared with the model group, SSS mice treated with SXSM developed less fibrosis in the SAN area. In vitro experiments revealed that AngII could restrain autophagy by activating the phosphorylation of the AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby increasing the deposition of ECM. Moreover, SXSM pretreatment prevented this upregulation. After the intervention of SC79, the protective effect of SXSM was weakened. In conclusion, SXSM activated autophagy through the AKT/mTOR pathway, which in turn reduced the deposition of the ECM in SAN induced by AngII, attenuated the fibrosis of SAN, and improved the decreased heart rate in the SSS mice.

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7

Jin, Shuo-guo, Ji-li Deng, Ze-ran Chen, Fang Yang, Mei-jun Liu, Hong-hui Sun, Ning-jing Ran, Li Zhang, Dong-dong Yang, and Wei-yin Chen. "Pretreatment with Shenxiong Drop Pill induces AQP4- mediated neuroprotective effect on middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 19, no. 8 (November 20, 2020): 1715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v19i8.21.

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Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Shenxiong Drop Pill (SXDP) pretreatment on rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats, and the mechanism involved.Methods: Ninety-nine SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, MCAO group, shamoperated group and SXDP group. The MCAO model was established via thread occlusion. Rats in the SXDP group was administered SXDP 7 days before induction of MCAO. Neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined using Bederson's neurological behavioral scoring method, while cerebral infarction volume was measured using TTC staining. Integrated optical density (IOD) of Nissl Body was evaluated via Nissl staining. Brain water content was measured using dry-wet method. The expression level of AQP4 in brain tissues was determined using immunocytochemistry.Results: The SXDP treatment resulted in significant reduction in NDS, marked improvement in IOD of Nissl Body, and significant reductions in cerebral infarction volume, brain water content, and expression level of AQP4, relative to control (p< 0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that SXDP pretreatment exerts neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia in rats by decreasing in cerebral edema through a mechanism involving downregulation of the expression of AQP4. Keywords: Middle cerebral artery occlusion, Cerebral ischemia, Aquaporins-4, Cerebral edema, Neuroprotection

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8

Osuchowska, Paulina Natalia, Przemysław Wachulak, Wiktoria Kasprzycka, Agata Nowak-Stępniowska, Maciej Wakuła, Andrzej Bartnik, Henryk Fiedorowicz, and Elżbieta Anna Trafny. "Adhesion of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells under Fluorescent and Soft X-ray Contact Microscopy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 7279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147279.

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Understanding cancer cell adhesion could help to diminish tumor progression and metastasis. Adhesion mechanisms are currently the main therapeutic target of TNBC-resistant cells. This work shows the distribution and size of adhesive complexes determined with a common fluorescence microscopy technique and soft X-ray contact microscopy (SXCM). The results presented here demonstrate the potential of applying SXCM for imaging cell protrusions with high resolution when the cells are still alive in a physiological buffer. The possibility to observe the internal components of cells at a pristine and hydrated state with nanometer resolution distinguishes SXCM from the other more commonly used techniques for cell imaging. Thus, SXCM can be a promising technique for investigating the adhesion and organization of the actin cytoskeleton in cancer cells.

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9

Zhao, Yixiu, Xin Zhang, Jing Luan, Buchang Zhao, Na An, Na Sun, Xinhui Wang, et al. "Shenxian-Shengmai Oral Liquid Reduces Myocardial Oxidative Stress and Protects Myocardium from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 48, no. 6 (2018): 2503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492688.

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Background/Aims: Shenxian-shengmai (SXSM) oral liquid, a Chinese patent compound medicine, has been used to treat sinus bradyarrhythmias induced by mild sick sinus syndrome in clinical practice. Myocardial ischemia, in particular in serious or right coronary-related heart diseases, can cause bradyarrhythmias and cardiac dysfunction. Moreover, reperfusion of ischemic myocardium is associated with additional myocardial damage known as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of SXSM on bradyarrhythmias and cardiac dysfunction induced by myocardial I/R injury, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Administration of SXSM to adult male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was achieved orally by gavage and control rats were given equivalent deionized water every day for 14 days. After the last administration, the heart was connected with the Langendorff perfusion apparatus and both groups were subjected to ischemia for 20 min followed by reperfusion for 40 min to induce myocardial I/R injury. Heart rate (HR), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), the maximal increase rate of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dtmax) and the maximal decrease rate of left ventricular pressure (-dp/dtmax) were recorded by a physiological signal acquisition system. The heart treated with ischemic preconditioning (IPC) for 3 times at a range of 5 min/time before ischemia served as a positive control group. The hearts without I/R injury served as control group. After reperfusion, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the myocardium were determined by appropriate assay kits. Myocardial SOD1 and glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) expression were assessed by western blot analysis. For the in vitro study, SXSM serum was prepared according to the serum pharmacological method and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were isolated from the heart of new born SD rats. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were pretreated with SXSM serum and subjected to H2O2 or anoxia/ reoxygenation (A/R) treatment to induce oxidative damage. Cell viability was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), SOD, GSH and GSH-Px in cardiomyocytes were determined by appropriate assay kits. SOD1 and GCLC expression were assessed by western blot analysis. Buthionine-[S, R]-sulfoximine (BSO), a GCLC inhibitor, and SOD1 siRNA were also used for identifying the cardiac protective targets of SXSM. Results: SXSM and ischemic preconditioning (IPC) significantly increased heart rate during myocardial reperfusion and protected cardiac function against myocardial I/R injury, including an increase in left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVDP), the maximal increase rate of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dtmax) and the maximal decrease rate of left ventricular pressure (-dp/dtmax). We also found that SXSM and IPC improved the expansion of myocardial interstitium, the structural abnormality and morphological changes of cardiomyocytes induced by I/R injury. Meanwhile, SXSM protected cardiomyocytes against the oxidative damage induced by H2O2 and A/R injury through reducing intracellular ROS levels. Moreover, SXSM increased SOD activity through enhancing SOD1 expression and increased GSH content through promoting GCLC expression as well as GSH-Px activity. BSO and SOD1 siRNA counteracted anti-arrhythmic and cardiac protective effect of SXSM, suggesting that the therapeutic targets of SXSM might be SOD1 and GCLC. Conclusion: SXSM is effective in protecting the myocardium from I/R injury, with myocardial SOD1 and GCLC being the potential therapeutic targets.

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10

Jin, Shuo-guo, Ze-ran Chen, Yang Zhang, Meng-yuan Huang, Meng Hou, Ning-jing Ran, Wei-yin Chen, Fang Yang, and Xin-xia Zhang. "Shenxiong Drop Pill exerts neuroprotective effect against focal cerebral ischemia partly via regulation of the expressions of ICAM-1 and caspase-3." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 20, no. 10 (November 20, 2021): 2015–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v20i10.1.

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Purpose: To investigate the effect of Shenxiong Drop Pill (SXDP) on cerebral infarction (CI) in rats, and the involvement of anti-inflammatory response in the process.Methods: Rats were sacrificed at three different time points, viz, 24, 48 and 72 h after establishment of CI model. Neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined using Bederson’s neurological behavioral scoring method, whereas triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to show brain injury. The integrated optical density (IOD) of Nissl bodies and caspase-3-positive nerve cells were measured with Nissl staining and SP kit, respectively. The mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) was determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results: SXDP produced neuroprotective effect at high, medium, and low doses. The infarct volumes in the high-, medium- and low-dose SXDP, and cyclophosphamide groups were significantly reduced at each time point. Different doses of SXDP significantly reduced the mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and the IOD of caspase-3.Conclusion: These results indicate that SXDP exerts neuroprotective effects against ischemic injury by negatively regulating ICAM-1/caspase-3 downstream of inflammatory and apoptosis pathways.

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11

Bernstein, M., R. A. Lersch, L. Subrahmanyan, and T. W. Cline. "Transposon insertions causing constitutive Sex-lethal activity in Drosophila melanogaster affect Sxl sex-specific transcript splicing." Genetics 139, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 631–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/139.2.631.

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Abstract Sex-lethal (Sxl) gene products induce female development in Drosophila melanogaster and suppress the transcriptional hyperactivation of X-linked genes responsible for male X-chromosome dosage compensation. Control of Sxl functioning by the dose of X-chromosomes normally ensures that the female-specific functions of this developmental switch gene are only expressed in diplo-X individuals. Although the immediate effect of X-chromosome dose is on Sxl transcription, during most of the life cycle "on" vs. "off" reflects alternative Sxl RNA splicing, with the female (productive) splicing mode maintained by a positive feedback activity of SXL protein on Sxl pre-mRNA splicing. "Male-lethal" (SxlM) gain-of-function alleles subvert Sxl control by X-chromosome dose, allowing female Sxl functions to be expressed independent of the positive regulators upstream of Sxl. As a consequence, SxlM haplo-X animals (chromosomal males) die because of improper dosage compensation, and SxlM chromosomal females survive the otherwise lethal effects of mutations in upstream positive regulators. Five independent spontaneous SxlM alleles were shown previously to be transposon insertions into what was subsequently found to be the region of regulated sex-specific Sxl RNA splicing. We show that these five alleles represent three different mutant types: SxlM1, SxlM3, and SxlM4. SxlM1 is an insertion of a roo element 674 bp downstream of the translation-terminating male-specific exon. SxlM3 is an insertion of a hobo transposon (not 297 as previously reported) into the 3' splice site of the male exon, and SxlM4 is an insertion of a novel transposon into the male-specific exon itself. We show that these three gain-of-function mutants differ considerably in their ability to bypass the sex determination signal, with SxlM4 being the strongest and SxlM1 the weakest. This difference is also reflected in effects of these mutations on sex-specific RNA splicing and on the rate of appearance of SXL protein in male embryos. Transcript analysis of double-mutant male-viable SxlM derivatives in which the SxlM insertion is cis to loss-of-function mutations, combined with other results reported here, indicates that the constitutive character of these SxlM alleles is a consequence of an alteration of the structure of the pre-mRNA that allows some level of female splicing to occur even in the absence of functional SXL protein. Surprisingly, however, most of the constitutive character of SxlM alleles appears to depend on the mutant alleles' responsiveness, perhaps greater than wild-type, to the autoregulatory splicing activity of the wild-type SXL proteins they produce.

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12

Rangelow, I. W., P. Grabiec, T. Gotszalk, and K. Edinger. "Piezoresistive SXM sensors." Surface and Interface Analysis 33, no. 2 (2002): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.1162.

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13

DESAI, T., D. BATANI, A. BERNARDINELLO, G. POLETTI, F. ORSINI, J. ULLSCHMIED, L. JUHA, et al. "X-ray microscopy of living multicellular organisms with the Prague Asterix Iodine Laser System." Laser and Particle Beams 21, no. 4 (October 2003): 511–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034603214051.

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Soft X-ray contact microscopy (SXCM) experiments have been performed using the Prague Asterix Iodine Laser System (PALS). Laser wavelength and pulse duration were λ = 1.314 μm and τ (FWHM) = 450 ps, respectively. Pulsed X rays were generated using teflon, gold, and molybdenum targets with laser intensities I ≥ 1014 W/cm2. Experiments have been performed on the nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans. Images were recorded on PMMA photo resists and analyzed using an atomic force microscope operating in contact mode. Our preliminary results indicate the suitability of the SXCM for multicellular specimens.

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14

Xu, Manman, Zhonghao Li, Lu Yang, Wujianwen Zhai, Nina Wei, Qiuyan Zhang, Bin Chao, Shijing Huang, and Hanming Cui. "Elucidation of the Mechanisms and Molecular Targets of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Network Pharmacology." BioMed Research International 2020 (August 10, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5848497.

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Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction (SXD) is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In order to elucidate the specific analysis mechanisms of SXD for T2DM, the method of network pharmacology was applied to this article. First, the effective ingredients of SXD were obtained and their targets were identified based on the TCMSP database. The T2DM-related targets screened from the GEO database were also collected by comparing the differential expressed genes between T2DM patients and healthy individuals. Then, the common targets in SXD-treated T2DM were obtained by intersecting the putative targets of SXD and the differential expressed genes of T2DM. And the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was established using the above common targets to screen key genes through protein interactions. Meanwhile, these common targets were used for GO and KEGG analyses to further elucidate how they exert antidiabetic effects. Finally, a gene pathway network was established to capture the core one in common targets enriched in the major pathways to further illustrate the role of specific genes. Based on the data obtained, a total of 67 active compounds and 906 targets of SXD were identified. Four thousand one hundred and seventy-six differentially expressed genes with a P value < 0.005 and ∣log2fold change∣>0.5 were determined between T2DM patients and control groups. After further screening, thirty-seven common targets related to T2DM in SXD were finally identified. Through protein interactions, the top 5 genes (YWHAZ, HNRNPA1, HSPA8, HSP90AA1, and HSPA5) were identified. It was found that the functional annotations of target genes were associated with oxygen levels, protein kinase regulator, mitochondria, and so on. The top 20 pathways including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cancers, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway were significantly enriched. CDKN1A was shown to be the core gene in the gene-pathway network, and other several genes such as CCND1, ERBB2, RAF1, EGF, and VEGFA were the key genes for SXD against T2DM. Based on the network pharmacology approach, we identified key genes and pathways related to the prognosis and pathogenesis of T2DM and also provided a feasible method for further studying the chemical basis and pharmacology of SXD.

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Poletti, G., F. Orsini, and D. Batani. "Study of Multicellular Living Organisms by SXCM (Soft X-Ray Contact Microscopy)." Solid State Phenomena 107 (October 2005): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.107.7.

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Soft X-ray Contact Microscopy (SXCM) of Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes wit typical length 800 μm and diameter 30 μm has been performed using the PALS laser source of wavelength λ = 1.314 μm and pulse duration τ (FWHM) = 400 ps. Pulsed soft X-rays were generated using molybdenum and gold targets with laser intensities I ≥ 1014 W/cm2. Images have been recorded on PMMA photo resists and analyzed using an atomic force microscope operating in contact mode. Cuticle features and several internal organs have been identified in the SXCM images including lateral field, cuticle annuli, pharynx, and hypodermal and neuronal cell nuclei.

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Mehta, Vihang, Claudia Scarlata, Peter Capak, Iary Davidzon, Andreas Faisst, Bau Ching Hsieh, Olivier Ilbert, et al. "SPLASH-SXDF Multi-wavelength Photometric Catalog." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 235, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aab60c.

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17

Deng, Chao, Bo Deng, Liqun Jia, Huangying Tan, Pan Zhang, Sida Liu, Yanan Zhang, Aiping Song, and Lin Pan. "Preventive Effects of a Chinese Herbal Formula, Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction, on Irinotecan-Induced Delayed-Onset Diarrhea in Rats." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7350251.

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Irinotecan is a well-known chemotherapy drug for the treatment of various cancers. However, delayed-onset diarrhea is a common adverse reaction, limiting the application of the drug. The study presented was designed to evaluate the preventive effects of Shengjiang Xiexin decoction (SXD) on irinotecan-induced diarrhea and to explore the possible mechanisms of this action. We established a diarrhea rat model. The condition of the rats was observed. The proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal cells were measured using immunohistochemical assays and a caspase-3 activity assay, respectively. The expression of Lgr5 and CD44 staining were used to observe intestinal stem cells (ISCs). In addition, the activity ofβ-glucuronidase in the rats’ feces was measured. Our results showed that the number of proliferating intestinal cells in the SXD groups was obviously higher, while the activity of caspase-3 was lower. The expression of Lgr5 and the integrated option density (IOD) of CD44 stain were increased significantly by SXD. Additionally, SXD decreased the activity ofβ-glucuronidase after irinotecan administration. In conclusion, SXD exhibited preventive effects on irinotecan-induced diarrhea, and this action was associated with an inhibitory effect on intestinal apoptosis andβ-glucuronidase and a promotive effect on intestinal cell proliferation due to increased maintenance of ISCs.

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18

Qian, Zhong Sheng. "SXM-Based Web Test Generation with Respect to Logic Coverage Criteria." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 27, no. 04 (May 2017): 539–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194017500206.

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This work proposes a Web test generation approach based on Stream X-Machines (SXMs). It employs relation matrix to construct test paths (abstract test cases). Two algorithms are presented, one for constructing the length-of-shortest-path matrix and another for establishing the shortest-path matrix from each state to other states in the state transition diagram of a SXM-based specification. For revealing the pre- and post-conditions of test paths conveniently, it transforms the execution of SXM-based abstract test cases into that of Boolean expressions and then tests the Web application under test by using those methods regarding Boolean expressions. Thus, an algorithm is designed to achieve test set for detecting logic connective fault. For a SXM-based abstract test case, the user operations involved are modeled by activity diagrams to derive practical test cases. An experiment on a miniature Web application is carried out to illustrate the SXM-based testing with respect to MC/DC, RC/DC, RMCC and GMCC coverage and in the meanwhile to compare these four criteria on their test effectiveness and fault-detecting ability.

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Kriegner, Dominik, Petr Harcuba, Jozef Veselý, Andreas Lesnik, Guenther Bauer, Gunther Springholz, and Václav Holý. "Twin domain imaging in topological insulator Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3 epitaxial thin films by scanning X-ray nanobeam microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction." Journal of Applied Crystallography 50, no. 2 (February 17, 2017): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576717000565.

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The twin distribution in topological insulators Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3 was imaged by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy (SXRM). The crystal orientation at the surface, determined by EBSD, is correlated with the surface topography, which shows triangular pyramidal features with edges oriented in two different orientations rotated in the surface plane by 60°. The bulk crystal orientation is mapped out using SXRM by measuring the diffracted X-ray intensity of an asymmetric Bragg peak using a nano-focused X-ray beam scanned over the sample. By comparing bulk- and surface-sensitive measurements of the same area, buried twin domains not visible on the surface are identified. The lateral twin domain size is found to increase with the film thickness.

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Gilbert, E. S., A. Khlebnikov, W. Meyer-Ilse, and J. D. Keasling. "Use of soft X-ray microscopy for analysis of early-stage biofilm formation." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 7 (April 1, 1999): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0368.

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Soft X-ray microscopy (SXM) using synchrotron radiation is a newly-available technology for high resolution imaging of hydrated specimens, making it potentially valuable for the study of biofilms. In this research, SXM was used to investigate bacterial spatial distribution and biofilm structure during the early stages of colonization of an exposed surface. Pseudomonas putida DMP-1 formed a closely-packed monolayer on a silicon nitride substratum after 24 hours of growth. The initial development of a multilayer, interlocking structure was observed. The soft X-ray images were taken with the XM-1 transmission X-ray microscope, located at the Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The results indicate the potential of SXM to provide new insights for the study of biofilms.

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Osuchowska, Paulina Natalia, Przemysław Wachulak, Agata Nowak-Stępniowska, Andrzej Bartnik, Kajangi Gnanachandran, Małgorzata Lekka, Joanna Czwartos, Henryk Fiedorowicz, and Elżbieta Anna Trafny. "Imaging of Cell Structures Using Optimized Soft X-ray Contact Microscopy." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 6895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196895.

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This work is to study the relationship between the exposure conditions and the quality of cell imaging with soft X-ray contact microscopy (SXCM). It is a crucial step in the efficient visualization of cell structures. Three different human cell lines: DU145 prostate carcinoma cells, HCC38 breast cancer cells, and Poietics mesenchymal stem cells were used to establish the optimal exposure conditions in SXCM. The image quality depended on the soft X-ray (SXR) absorbed energy and photoresist development conditions. At lower SXR energy (200 or 400 SXR pulses), sharp cell edges, membrane projections, and cell–cell connections were visible. In contrast, higher energy (600 or 800 SXR pulses) allowed observation of the cytoskeleton and the nucleus in a cell type-dependent manner (the influence of cell thickness and internal complexity was noted).

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KOMIYAMA, Masaharu. "SXM Study of Oxide Surfaces." Hyomen Kagaku 12, no. 8 (1991): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.12.491.

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Pohl, D. W. "SXM - Rastermikroskopien fürx-beliebige Oberflächeneigenschaften." Physik Journal 47, no. 6 (June 1991): 517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phbl.19910470606.

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Li, Jian, Chenyang Ye, and Jifeng Ying. "In Situ Geochemical and Sr–Nd Isotope Analyses of Apatite from the Shaxiongdong Alkaline–Carbonatite Complex (South Qinling, China): Implications for Magma Evolution and Mantle Source." Minerals 12, no. 5 (May 6, 2022): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050587.

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We present in situ major element, trace element, and Sr–Nd isotope data of apatite from an alkaline–carbonatite intrusion in the South Qinling Belt (SQB) to investigate their magma evolution and mantle sources. The Shaxiongdong (SXD) complex consists predominantly of the early Paleozoic hornblendite, nepheline syenite, and subordinate Triassic carbonatite. Apatites from all lithologies are euhedral to subhedral and belong to fluorapatite. Elemental substitution varies from REE3+ + Na+ + Sr2+ ↔ 3Ca2+ in carbonatite and syenite apatite to Si4+ + 2Na+ + 2S6+ + 4REE3+ ↔ 4P5+ + 5Ca2+ in hornblendite apatite. Apatites are characterized by enriched rare earth elements (REEs) and depleted high field strength elements (HFSEs). They record the distinct evolution of their parental magmas. The weak, negative Eu anomaly in hornblendite apatite, together with the lack of Eu anomalies in the bulk rocks, indicates a relatively reduced magma. The Sr–Nd isotope data of the apatite in SXD carbonatite, falling on the East African carbonatite line (EACL) and close to the field of Oldoinyo Lengai carbonatite, indicate that the SXD carbonatite is derived from a mixed mantle source consisting of the HIMU component and subducted sedimentary carbonates. The similarity in Sr and Nd isotopic compositions between the SXD hornblendite and syenite apatites and the early Paleozoic mafic-ultramafic dykes in the SQB suggests that they may share a common metasomatized lithospheric mantle source.

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Ramanna, Somindu C., and Palash Sarkar. "Efficient Adaptively Secure IBBE From the SXDH Assumption." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 62, no. 10 (October 2016): 5709–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2016.2575009.

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Kohno, K., Y. Yamaguchi, Y. Tamura, K. Tadaki, B. Hatsukade, S. Ikarashi, K. I. Caputi, et al. "SXDF-UDS-CANDELS-ALMA 1.5 arcmin2 deep survey." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, S319 (August 2015): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315010364.

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AbstractWe have conducted 1.1 mm ALMA observations of a contiguous 105” × 50” or 1.5 arcmin2 window in the SXDF-UDS-CANDELS. We achieved a 5σ sensitivity of 0.28 mJy, giving a flat sensus of dusty star-forming galaxies with LIR ~6×1011L⊙ (if Tdust=40K) up to z ~ 10 thanks to the negative K-correction at this wavelength. We detected 5 brightest sources (S/N>6) and 18 low-significant sources (5>S/N>4; they may contain spurious detections, though). One of the 5 brightest ALMA sources (S1.1mm = 0.84 ± 0.09 mJy) is extremely faint in the WFC3 and VLT/HAWK-I images, demonstrating that a contiguous ALMA imaging survey uncovers a faint dust-obscured population invisible in the deep optical/near-infrared surveys. We find a possible [CII]-line emitter at z=5.955 or a low-z CO emitting galaxy within the field, allowing us to constrain the [CII] and/or CO luminosity functions across the history of the universe.

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Szász, A., and J. Kojnok. "Soft X-ray Emission Depth Profile Analysis: SXDA." Applied Surface Science 24, no. 1 (January 1985): 34–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4332(85)90211-9.

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Hatsukade, B., D. Iono, T. Akiyama, M. Yoshikawa, J. S. Dunlop, R. J. Ivison, A. B. Peck, et al. "UNVEILING THE NATURE OF SUBMILLIMETER GALAXY SXDF 850.6." Astrophysical Journal 711, no. 2 (February 19, 2010): 974–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/711/2/974.

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Keen, David A., Matthias J. Gutmann, and Chick C. Wilson. "SXD – the single-crystal diffractometer at the ISIS spallation neutron source." Journal of Applied Crystallography 39, no. 5 (September 12, 2006): 714–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889806025921.

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SXD, the single-crystal diffractometer at the ISIS spallation neutron source, uses an array of two-dimensional position-sensitive detectors and the neutron time-of-flight technique to measure diffraction data throughout very large volumes of reciprocal space for each fixed orientation of a single-crystal sample. This paper describes SXD in detail, following major improvements to the instrument. Particular emphasis is placed on the range of science possible, using recent results as examples, and the opportunities for future experiments.

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Aussel, Clotilde, Elodie Busson, Helene Vantomme, Juliette Peltzer, and Christophe Martinaud. "Quality assessment of a serum and xenofree medium for the expansion of human GMP-grade mesenchymal stromal cells." PeerJ 10 (May 30, 2022): e13391. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13391.

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Background Cell-based therapies are emerging as a viable modality to treat challenging diseases, resulting in an increasing demand for their large-scale, high-quality production. Production facilities face the issue of batch-to-batch consistency while producing a safe and efficient cell-based product. Controlling culture conditions and particularly media composition is a key factor of success in this challenge. Serum and Xeno-Free Media (SXFM) represent an interesting option to achieve this goal. By reducing batch to batch variability, they increase Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)-compliance and safety regarding xenogenic transmission, as compared to fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplemented-media or human platelet lysate supplemented medium. Methods In this study, the isolation, expansion and characteristics including the anti-inflammatory function of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are compared after culture in MEMα supplemented with human Concentrate Platelet Lysate (hCPL, reference medium) or in MSC-Brew GMP Medium. The latter is a GMP SXFM manufactured in bags under strictly controlled conditions in volumes suitable for expansion to a clinical scale and does not require neither pre-coating of the cell culture units nor the addition of blood derivatives at the isolation step. Results We showed that MSC derived from human bone-marrow and adipose tissue can be successfully isolated and expanded in this SXFM. Number and size of Colony-Forming Unit fibroblast (CFU-F) is increased compared to cells cultivated in hCPL medium. All cells retained a CD90+, CD73+, CD105+, HLADR−, CD34−, CD45− phenotype. Furthermore, the osteogenic and adipocyte potentials as well as the anti-inflammatory activity were comparable between culture conditions. All cells reached the release criteria established in our production facility to treat inflammatory pathologies. Conclusions The use of MSC-Brew GMP Medium can therefore be considered for clinical bioprocesses as a safe and efficient substitute for hCPL media.

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Nowak-Stępniowska, Agata, Wiktoria Kasprzycka, Paulina Natalia Osuchowska, Elżbieta Anna Trafny, Andrzej Bartnik, Henryk Fiedorowicz, and Przemysław Wachulak. "Nanometer-Resolution Imaging of Living Cells Using Soft X-ray Contact Microscopy." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (July 12, 2022): 7030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12147030.

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Soft X-ray microscopy is a powerful technique for imaging cells with nanometer resolution in their native state without chemical fixation, staining, or sectioning. The studies performed in several laboratories have demonstrated the potential of applying this technique for imaging the internal structures of intact cells. However, it is currently used mainly on synchrotrons with restricted access. Moreover, the operation of these instruments and the associated sample-preparation protocols require interdisciplinary and highly specialized personnel, limiting their wide application in practice. This is why soft X-ray microscopy is not commonly used in biological laboratories as an imaging tool. Thus, a laboratory-based and user-friendly soft X-ray contact microscope would facilitate the work of biologists. A compact, desk-top laboratory setup for soft X-ray contact microscopy (SXCM) based on a laser-plasma soft X-ray source, which can be used in any biological laboratory, together with several applications for biological imaging, are described. Moreover, the perspectives of the correlation of SXCM with other super-resolution imaging techniques based on the current literature are discussed.

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Hatsukade, Bunyo, Kotaro Kohno, Hideki Umehata, Itziar Aretxaga, Karina I. Caputi, James S. Dunlop, Soh Ikarashi, et al. "SXDF–ALMA 2-arcmin2deep survey: 1.1-mm number counts." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 68, no. 3 (April 4, 2016): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psw026.

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Guan, Huanyu, Xiaoming Wang, Shiping Wang, Yang He, Jiajing Yue, Shanggao Liao, Yuanda Huang, and Yue Shi. "Comparative intestinal bacteria-associated pharmacokinetics of 16 components of Shengjiang Xiexin decoction between normal rats and rats with irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11)-induced gastrointestinal toxicity in vitro using salting-out sample preparation and LC-MS/MS." RSC Advances 7, no. 69 (2017): 43621–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra03521g.

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34

Yamada, Jumpei, Ichiro Inoue, Taito Osaka, Takato Inoue, Satoshi Matsuyama, Kazuto Yamauchi, and Makina Yabashi. "Hard X-ray nanoprobe scanner." IUCrJ 8, no. 5 (July 31, 2021): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252521007004.

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X-ray scientists are continually striving to improve the quality of X-ray microscopy, due to the fact that the information obtained from X-ray microscopy of materials can be complementary to that obtained from optical and electron microscopes. In contrast to the ease with which one can deflect electron beams, the relative difficulty to deflect X-ray has constrained the development of scanning X-ray microscopes (SXMs) based on a scan of an X-ray small probe. This restriction has caused severe complications that hinder progress toward achieving ultimate resolution. Here, a simple and innovative method for constructing an SXM equipped with a nanoprobe scanner is proposed. The nanoprobe scanner combines X-ray prisms and advanced Kirkpatrick–Baez focusing mirrors. By rotating the prisms on the order of degrees, X-ray probe scanning with single-nanometre accuracy can be easily achieved. The validity of the concept was verified by acquiring an SXM image of a test pattern at a photon energy of 10 keV, where 50 nm line-and-space structures were resolved. This method is readily applicable to an SXM with a single-nanometre resolution and will assist effective utilization of increasing brightness of fourth-generation synchrotron radiation sources.

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Houbertz, R., W. Krauss, R. Birringer, and U. Hartmann. "XRD and SXM investigations on nanocrystalline PbS." Nanostructured Materials 9, no. 1-8 (January 1997): 339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-9773(97)00078-0.

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36

FORSYTH, J. B., C. C. WILSON, A. M. STRINGER, J. A. K. HOWARD, and O. JOHNSON. "SXD, THE SINGLE CRYSTAL FACILITY AT ISIS." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 47, no. C5 (August 1986): C5–143—C5–147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1986519.

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37

Fuchs, H. "SXM-Methoden - nützliche Werkzeuge für die Praxis?" Physik Journal 50, no. 9 (September 1994): 837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phbl.19940500908.

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38

Ueda, Yoshihiro, Michael G. Watson, Ian M. Stewart, Masayuki Akiyama, Axel D. Schwope, Georg Lamer, Jacobo Ebrero, et al. "The Subaru/XMM‐NewtonDeep Survey (SXDS). III. X‐Ray Data." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 179, no. 1 (November 2008): 124–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/591083.

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39

Sawant, Sailee M., and Daniel Batcheldor. "Charge-injection Device Imaging of Sirius with Contrast Ratios Greater than 1:26 Million." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 134, no. 1033 (March 1, 2022): 034503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ac54c2.

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Abstract The intrinsic nature of many astronomical objects, such as binary and multiple systems, exoplanets, circumstellar and debris disks, and quasar host galaxies, introduces challenging requirements for observational instrumentation and techniques. In each case, we encounter situations where the light from bright sources hampers our ability to detect surrounding fainter targets. To explore all features of such astronomical scenes, we must perform observations at the maximum possible contrast ratios. Charge-injection devices (CIDs) are capable of potentially exceeding contrast ratios of log 10 ( CR ) > 9 (i.e., 1 part in 1 billion) due to their unique readout architectures and inherent anti-blooming abilities. An on-sky testing of a commercially available CID, SpectraCAM XDR (SXDR), demonstrated raw contrast ratios from sub-optimal ground-based astronomical observations that imposed practical limits on the maximum achievable contrast ratios using CIDs. Here, we demonstrate the extreme contrast ratio imaging capabilities of the SXDR using observations of Sirius with the 1.0 m Jacobus Kapteyn Telescope, La Palma, Spain. Based on wavelet-based analysis and precise photometric and astrometric calibrations, we report a direct contrast ratio of Δm r = 18.54, log 10 ( CR ) = 7.41 ± 0.08 , or 1 part in 26 million. This is an order of magnitude higher compared to the previous CID results.

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40

Yang, Shengqi, Adam Lidz, and Gergö Popping. "The prospects for observing [O iii] 52 micron emission from galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab925.

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ABSTRACT The [O iii] 88 $\mu$m fine-structure emission line has been detected into the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) from star-forming galaxies at redshifts 6 < z ≲ 9 with ALMA. These measurements provide valuable information regarding the properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the highest redshift galaxies discovered thus far. The [O iii] 88 $\mu$m line observations leave, however, a degeneracy between the gas density and metallicity in these systems. Here, we quantify the prospects for breaking this degeneracy using future ALMA observations of the [O iii] 52 $\mu$m line. Among the current set of 10 [O iii] 88 $\mu$m emitters at 6 < z ≲ 9, we forecast 52 $\mu$m detections (at 6σ) in SXDF-NB1006-2, B14-6566, J0217-0208, and J1211-0118 within on-source observing times of 2–10 h, provided their gas densities are larger than about nH ≳ 102–103 cm−3. Other targets generally require much longer integration times for a 6σ detection. Either successful detections of the 52 $\mu$m line or reliable upper limits will lead to significantly tighter constraints on ISM parameters. The forecasted improvements are as large as ∼3 dex in gas density and ∼1 dex in metallicity for some regions of parameter space. We suggest SXDF-NB1006-2 as a promising first target for 52 $\mu$m line measurements. We discuss how such measurements will help in understanding the mass–metallicity relationship during the EoR.

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Furusawa, Hisanori, George Kosugi, Masayuki Akiyama, Tadafumi Takata, Kazuhiro Sekiguchi, Ichi Tanaka, Ikuru Iwata, et al. "The Subaru/XMM‐NewtonDeep Survey (SXDS). II. Optical Imaging and Photometric Catalogs1." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 176, no. 1 (May 2008): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/527321.

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42

Morokuma, Tomoki, Mamoru Doi, Naoki Yasuda, Masayuki Akiyama, Kazuhiro Sekiguchi, Hisanori Furusawa, Yoshihiro Ueda, et al. "The Subaru/XMM‐NewtonDeep Survey (SXDS). V. Optically Faint Variable Object Survey." Astrophysical Journal 676, no. 1 (March 20, 2008): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/527467.

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43

Wang, Wei-Hao, Sebastien Foucaud, Bau-Ching Hsieh, Hung-Yu Jian, Lihwai Lin, Yen-Ting Lin, Jean Coupon, et al. "MUSUBI (MegaCam Ultra-deep Survey: u*-band Imaging) Data for the COSMOS and SXDS Fields." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 260, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ac729e.

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Abstract The Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Strategic Survey is the latest-generation multiband optical imaging survey for galaxy evolution and structure formation. The “Ultra-deep” component of the HSC survey provides grizy broadband images over ∼3.4 deg2 to detection limits of ∼26–28 AB, along with narrowband images, in the COSMOS and SXDS fields. These images provide an unprecedented combination of depths and area coverage, for studies of galaxies up to z ∼ 7. However, the lack of coverage at <4000 Å implies an incomplete sampling of the rest-frame UV at z ≲ 3, which is critically needed for understanding the buildup of stellar mass in later cosmic time. We conducted a multiyear CFHT u*-band imaging campaign in the two HSC Ultra-deep fields with CFHT MegaCam. By including shallower archival data, we reached 5σ depths of u* = 28.1 and 28.4 (AB) at the centers of the COSMOS and SXDS fields, respectively, and u* = 27.7 and 27.8 in the central 1 deg2 fields. The image quality is ≳ 0.″90, fairly good for the u* band. Both the photometric and astrometric quality of our data are excellent. We show that the combination of our u*-band and HSC data can lead to high-quality photometric redshifts at z = 0–3, and robust measurements of rest-frame UV on galaxies at 0.4 < z < 0.6 for distinguishing green-valley galaxies from star-forming and quiescent galaxies. We publicly release our reduced u*-band images and reference catalogs, which can be used readily for scientific studies.

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HASEGAWA, YUKIO. "Scanning Tunneling Microscopy(STM). SXM. STM Studies on Interfaces." Nihon Kessho Gakkaishi 35, no. 2 (1993): 168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5940/jcrsj.35.168.

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UEHARA, YOICHI. "Scanning Tunneling Microscopy(STM). SXM. Light Emission from STM." Nihon Kessho Gakkaishi 35, no. 2 (1993): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5940/jcrsj.35.177.

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46

Yue, Chengbo. "Conditional measure and flip invariance of Bowen-Margulis and harmonic measures on manifolds of negative curvature." Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 15, no. 4 (August 1995): 807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143385700008658.

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AbstractKifer and Ledrappier have asked whether the harmonic measures {νx} on manifolds of negative curvature are equivalent to the conditional measures of the harmonic measure v of the geodesic flow associated with the fibration {SxM}x∈M. We settle this question with a rigidity result. We also clear up the same problem concerning the Patterson-Sullivan measure and the Bowen–Margulis measure.

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47

Morsy, Salim, Alexandre Elias, C. V. Shankar, and Viola Bronsema. "Global Strategies to Drive Innovation in Biobased Fuels and Chemicals." Industrial Biotechnology 11, no. 4 (August 2015): 194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ind.2015.29007.sxm.

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48

Hatsukade, B., D. Iono, T. Yoshikawa, M. Akiyama, J. S. Dunlop, R. J. Ivison, A. B. Peck, et al. "ERRATUM: “UNVEILING THE NATURE OF SUBMILLIMETER GALAXY SXDF 850.6” (2010, ApJ, 711, 974)." Astrophysical Journal 716, no. 1 (May 21, 2010): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/716/1/891.

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Maselli, Roberta, Rossella Palma, Mario Traina, Antonino Granata, Diego Juzgado-Lucas, Marco Bisello, Horst Neuhaus, et al. "Sa2013 OVERSTITCH SXTM ENDOSCOPIC SUTURING SYSTEM FOR GASTROINTESTINAL APPLICATIONS: A MULTICENTER EUROPEAN REGISTRY." Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 91, no. 6 (June 2020): AB242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.1788.

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50

Wang, Wei-Hao, Kotaro Kohno, Bunyo Hatsukade, Hideki Umehata, Itziar Aretxaga, David Hughes, Karina I. Caputi, et al. "THE SXDF-ALMA 2 arcmin2DEEP SURVEY: STACKING REST-FRAME NEAR-INFRARED SELECTED OBJECTS." Astrophysical Journal 833, no. 2 (December 16, 2016): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/833/2/195.

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