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Academic literature on the topic 'Switching systems'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Switching systems"

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Taylor, Wayne A. "Quick Switching Systems." Journal of Quality Technology 28, no. 4 (October 1996): 460–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224065.1996.11979704.

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HALUŠKA, Renát, and Ľuboš OVSENÍK. "EXAMPLE OF SWITCHING HYBRID FSO/RF SYSTEMS." Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica 20, no. 4 (January 21, 2021): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15546/aeei-2020-0022.

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This article addresses the issue of optical communication with Free Space Optics (FSO) and its use. The article deals with the design and construction of a monitoring system designed for the collection and processing of data characterizing the nature of conditions along the transmission path of a hybrid FSO system with a radio communication link. Due to the vulnerability of the FSO transmission channel to weather conditions, it is necessary to predict the strength of the received signal and switch to a backup line based on machine learning using decision trees.
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Gao, Qiang, Matti Linjama, Miika Paloniitty, and Yuchuan Zhu. "Investigation on positioning control strategy and switching optimization of an equal coded digital valve system." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 234, no. 8 (November 7, 2019): 959–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651819884749.

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This article concerns high accuracy positioning control with switching optimization for an equal coded digital valve system. Typically, pulse number modulation control cannot realize micro-positioning due to the characteristics of step-wise flow variation, therefore, a new position controller consisting of a model-based pulse number modulation and a differential pulse width modulation strategy is proposed to control the position of a hydraulic cylinder at high and low velocity cases, respectively. In addition, in order to solve several problems caused by the pulse number modulation and differential pulse width modulation, such as increased number of switchings and large difference among number of switchings of valves, a switching optimization consisting of a switching cost function, a circular buffer and a circular switching method is proposed. An adaptive weight of the switching cost function is proposed for the first time to reduce the total number of switchings under different pressure differences and its design criterion is presented. A circular buffer and a new circular switching method are used to improve the degree of equal distribution of switchings when the pulse number modulation and differential pulse width modulation are used, respectively. Comparative experimental results indicated that the average and the minimum positioning error for the proposed controller are only 10 and 1 μm, respectively. The number of switchings and the degree of equal distribution of switchings are significantly optimized. Moreover, the pressure fluctuations caused by the proposed controller remain acceptable.
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Chen, J., L. Yan, and Y. Li. "Switching systems and switching software development in China." IEEE Communications Magazine 31, no. 7 (July 1993): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/35.222479.

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Amigó, José M., Peter E. Kloeden, and Ángel Giménez. "Switching systems and entropy." Journal of Difference Equations and Applications 19, no. 11 (November 2013): 1872–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10236198.2013.788166.

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Mody, Ashoka, and Ron Sherman. "Leapfrogging in switching systems." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 37, no. 1 (March 1990): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1625(90)90060-9.

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Bortakovsky, A. S., and I. V. Uryupin. "COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY OF SYNTHESIS OPTIMAL LINEAR SWITCHED SYSTEMS." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 185 (November 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2019.11.pp.013-020.

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The linear-quadratic problem of synthesis optimal control of switched systems is considered. Continuous change of state of the system is described by linear differential equations, and instantaneous discrete changes of state (switching) – linear recurrent equations. The moments of switching, and their number is not prespecified. The quality of control is characterized by a quadratic functional, which takes into account the cost of each switch. The considered problem generalizes the classical linear-quadratic problems of optimal control of continuous, discrete and continuous-discrete systems, transferring them to a new class of dynamic systems – switchable (hybrid) control systems. Together with the problem of optimal control synthesis, the problem of minimizing the number of switchings, characteristic of hybrid systems, is relevant. The peculiarity of the synthesis of optimal switchable systems is that the price function in the considered problem is not quadratic. Therefore, it is proposed to build a price function from auxiliary, so-called price moment functions, each of which is defined as the minimum value of the quality functional at fixed switching moments and is quadratic. At the same time, the optimal positional control, linear in state, depends nonlinearly on switching moments. Optimization of these moments becomes the last stage of the synthesis. The proposed computer-aided synthesis technology makes it possible to find the optimal “controlling complex”, including the number of switches, the switching moments, as well as the control of continuous and discrete movements of the system. The application of the developed technology is demonstrated on an academic example of synthesis.
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Liu, Jiao, and Le Kang. "New results on stability and L1-gain characterization for switched positive systems: A persistent dwell time approach." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 44, no. 6 (October 22, 2021): 1288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01423312211053325.

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This paper is concerned with the problem of stability and L1-gain characterization for a class of switched positive systems consisting of both stable and unstable subsystems. Such systems can be modeled ingeniously as switched positive systems satisfying persistent dwell time switching. Compared to the widely used dwell time and average dwell time switching in the previous literature, persistent dwell time switching is more general due to its covering such two switchings as special cases. A new sufficient criterion ensuring the stability of switched positive systems is derived by using a persistent dwell time approach. And then an unweighted L1-gain is computed by solving a linear programming problem. The presented method in this paper may decrease the conservatism. Finally, the effectiveness and advantage of the provided method are illustrated with an example.
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Zhong, Fu Jian, and Yong Chi Zhao. "Stability Analysis Switched Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 389 (August 2013): 685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.685.

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In this note, we have derived stability for arbitrary switching about absolutely stable subsystem and the stability problem has derived stability for arbitrary switching above all. In the next place we analyze detailed stability for the dwell time switching. In the end, we discuss that the switched system exist stable convex combination switching. At last, we give several numerical results are given to illustrate our derived results.
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Xingyuan, Wang, and Qin Xue. "Chaos Generated by Switching Fractional Systems." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/601309.

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We, for the first time, investigate the basic behaviours of a chaotic switching fractional system via both theoretical and numerical ways. To deeply understand the mechanism of the chaos generation, we also analyse the parameterization of the switching fractional system and the dynamics of the system's trajectory. Then we try to write down some detailed rules for designing chaotic or chaos-like systems by switching fractional systems, which can be used in the future application. At last, for the first time, we proposed a new switching fractional system, which can generate three attractors with the positive largest Lyapunov exponent.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Switching systems"

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Jomah, Adel M. "Instability in switching systems." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322593.

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Sime, Julie-Ann. "Model switching in intelligent training systems." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1396.

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Ghimire, Manoj. "Switching Neural Network Systems for Nonlinear Tracking." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright154708422929052.

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Kim, Alexander. "Switching-Loss Measurement of Current and Advanced Switching Devices for Medium-Power Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34568.

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The ultimate goal for power electronics is to convert one form of raw electrical energy into a usable power source with the lowest amount of loss. A considerable portion of these losses are due to the use of switching devices themselves. Device losses can be apportioned to conduction loss and switching loss. It is commonly known and practiced that conduction loss can be reduced by driving MOSFETs and IGBTs harder with gate voltages closer to the maximum rating. This lowers the voltage across the device in the path of the amplified current and ultimately reduces power dissipated by the device. However, switching losses of these devices are not as easily characterized or intuitive for power electronics designers. This is mainly due to the fact that the parasitic reactive elements are nonlinear and not as readily documented as I-V characteristics of a given power device. For example, non-linear parasitic capacitances in the device are given for a fixed frequency across a voltage sweep. Parasitic inductance is typically not even mentioned in the datasheet. The switching losses of these devices depend on these mysterious reactances. A functional way to obtain estimates of switching loss is to test the device under the conditions the device will be used. However, this task must be approached carefully in order to accurately measure the voltage and current of the device. Measurement devices also have parasitic impedances of their own that can add or subtract to switching energy during turn on or turn off and create misleading results. Preliminary testing was performed on multiple devices. After preliminary testing and deliberation, a device-measurement printed circuit board was made to easily replace switching devices of the same package. This thesis presents switching loss measurements of medium-power capable devices in the tens of kW range. It also aims to attribute characteristics of switching voltage and current waveforms to the internal structure of the devices. The device tester designed is versatile since the output buffer of the gate drive is comprised of D-PAK totem pole BJTs. This is able to drive both current and voltage driven devices, i.e. SiC J-FETs (current-driven) and other voltage-driven devices (i.e. MOSFETs and IGBTs). It also allows for TO-220 and TO-247 packaged power diodes.
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Chang, Michael. "Adaptive switching control applied to multivariable systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27888.pdf.

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Aghdam, Amir G. "Decentralized control of systems using switching methods." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/NQ53722.pdf.

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Einarsson, Valur. "Model checking methods for mode switching systems /." Linköping : Univ, 2000. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2000/tek652s.htm.

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Locane, Elina [Verfasser]. "Switching processes in mesoscopic systems / Elina Locane." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/115576112X/34.

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Strawser, Richard E. "MEMS Electrostatic Switching Technology for Microwave Systems." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin974746046.

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Lu, Yueyun. "Switching Stabilization of Continuous-Time Switched Systems." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1479201964449478.

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Books on the topic "Switching systems"

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Benzaouia, Abdellah. Saturated Switching Systems. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2900-4.

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Chen, Thomas M. ATM switching systems. Boston: Artech House, 1995.

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Chen, Thomas M. ATM switching systems. Boston: Artech House, 1995.

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Benzaouia, Abdellah. Saturated Switching Systems. London: Springer London, 2012.

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(Firm), Anixter, ed. Ethernet switching. Skokie, IL (4711 Golf Rd., Skokie 60076): Anixter, 1995.

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MarketLine, ed. Germany public switching systems. [s.l.]: Marketline, 1996.

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MarketLine, ed. France public switching systems. [s.l.]: Marketline, 1996.

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Davie, Bruce S. Switching in IP networks: IP switching, tag switching, and related technologies. San Francisco, Calif: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1998.

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Communications/Information Systems Planning and Critical Path Planning Service., ed. Network switching. Boston, MA (89 Broad St., Boston 02110): Yankee Group, 1986.

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Hébuterne, Gérard. Traffic flow in switching systems. Boston: Artech House, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Switching systems"

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Kuschel, Tim. "Switching Systems." In The Live Event Video Technician, 53–64. New York: Focal Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003247036-6.

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van der Sluis, Lou, and Nenad Uzelac. "Equipment in Power Systems." In Switching Equipment, 11–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72538-3_2.

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De Santis, Elena, and Giordano Pola. "Positive Switching Systems." In Positive Systems, 49–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-34774-7_7.

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Fujiwara, M., S. Suzuki, K. Emura, M. Kondo, K. Manome, I. Mito, K. Kaede, M. Shikada, and M. Sakaguchi. "Optical Switching in Coherent Lightwave Systems." In Photonic Switching, 184–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73388-8_36.

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Keiser, Bernhard E., and Eugene Strange. "Operational Switching Systems." In Digital Telephony and Network Integration, 406–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1787-0_12.

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Keiser, Bernhard E., and Eugene Strange. "Operational Switching Systems." In Digital Telephony and Network Integration, 334–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7177-7_12.

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Luo, Albert C. J. "Switching Dynamical Systems." In Regularity and Complexity in Dynamical Systems, 223–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1524-4_5.

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Sun, Xiaojuan. "Synchronization Switching." In Encyclopedia of Systems Biology, 2041. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9863-7_546.

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Weber, R. "Intelligent Switching." In Modelling Future Telecommunications Systems, 144–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2049-8_9.

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Nagel, J. A. "Photonic Switching and Automatic Cross-Connect Systems." In Photonic Switching, 180–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73388-8_35.

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Conference papers on the topic "Switching systems"

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Kobayashi, Ikutaro. "Optical Processing in Photonic Switching Systems." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1989.sc272.

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The advanced features of optical technologies will trigger further evolution of communication switching systems. Optical switches will be applied to a small-scale wideband multimedia PBX in a few years. Then, primitive optical processing will be required for optical FD switching systems when light FDM transmission is installed in a subscriber loop. In the next century, optical processing will get popular and optical switching and processing will be integrated in an advanced communication network. In the course, the optical switching fields will offer simple examples applicable to practical systems and will stimulate the evolution of optical processing.
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Fujiwara, M., S. Suzuki, K. Emura, M. Kondo, K. Manome, I. Mito, K. Kaede, M. Shikada, and M. Sakaguchi. "Optical Switching in Coherent Lightwave Systems." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1987.tha4.

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Broad-band networks providing various kinds of services, such as video and high speed data communications, have received increasing attention in not only local-area networks(LANs) but also wide-area networks(WANs). Recent progress in optical fiber transmission has already made worldwide point-to-point transmission links possible. Coherent lightwave technology would further make evolution in transmission length and information capacity. Optical switch would be a key technology for achieving all optical broad-band WANs, where switching and routing functions will be accomplished in optical domain as well as transmission. A possible architecture of global WAN is illustrated in fig.1. Optical communication utilizing both inland and under-sea optical fiber transmissions, together with satellite communication, will play an important role in broad-band global WANs. With these networks, broad-band communication/distribution services will be offered to all over the globe.
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Nagel, Jonathan A. "Photonic Switching and Automatic Cross-Connect Systems." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1987.tha3.

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There will be an explosion of digital facilities as more and more lightwave systems are installed in the next few years. The size and complexity of junction offices where transmission facilities are interconnected will increase, and rearrangements will be more frequent than in the past. Because of these factors, wideband digital switches will replace manual cross-connects at junctions.
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Lytel, R., A. J. Ticknor, T. E. Van Eck, and G. F. Lipscomb. "Optical Railtap Systems for Guided-Wave Optical Interconnections." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1991.fb4.

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Guided-wave optical interconnections offer many potential benefits for high performance integrated electronic systems1. These include higher packing density, lower noise, lower propagation delay, and the easing of many problems encountered in the design of high-frequency on-and off-module connections. Their major impediment to practical use, apart from being a new, unproven technology with little reliability data, has been the requirement to perform two electrical-optical conversions, one each at the source and receiver ends of the optical line. Most previously proposed schemes for guided-wave interconnects have required one laser or LED per signal. In effect, a multichip carrier, monolithic chip, or fully integrated wafer having thousands of interconnects would necessarily have thousands of lasers as well. For direct laser modulation, the output drivers of a given IC must supply sufficient current to achieve and surpass threshold to drive the line with the required temporal edge. For external modulation, the output drivers must supply a sufficient voltage, usually half-wave, to provide sufficient contrast ratio, again with the required temporal edge.
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Dutta, Niloy K. "Optical Interconnection Technology for Large Computing and Switching Systems." In Photonics in Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ps.1995.pwc1.

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This talk will focus on current applications and future directions of optical interconnection technology. This technology will be initially driven by applications in large computing and switching systems. Advances in system architectures, subsystem modules and optoelectronic integrated circuits aimed at lower cost implementation of the entire system are necessary to create a wide application base for optical interconnection technology.
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Granestrand, Per, Lars Thylén, Björn Stoltz, and Jan-Erik Falk. "Systems Experiments with a Packaged 4x4 Polarization-Independent Switch Matrix." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1989.sds159.

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McCormick, F. B., F. A. P. Tooley, T. J. Cloonan, J. M. Sasian, and H. S. Hinton. "Microbeam Interconnections Using Microlens Arrays for Free Space Photonic Systems." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1991.we2.

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Free-space optics offers a means of exploiting the large bandwidths of optical signals and the high densities of optical imaging.[1] Many of the free-space optical computing and switching systems proposed and constructed thus far have relied on conventional imaging using bulk lenses, as in Fig. 1(a).[2] These solutions must provide large space bandwidth products (SBWP) since they offer high resolution over the entire image field. Less than one tenth of the device array area is commonly used for optical I/O, due to fabrication[3] or cross talk issues.[4] The percentage of the total area occupied by the optical I/O windows will decline as the amount of functionality per pixel is increased (e.g. "smart pixels").[1] If the number of optical I/Os remains large, then the object and image fields provided by the lenses must grow. The requirement of high resolution across larger fields will continue to increase the cost and complexity of conventional optical solutions. Additionally, the increased field angles of the beams propagating between the lenses may introduce unwanted polarization effects at the polarization beam splitters and retarders. Since the large SBWP of the bulk lenses is not being fully utilized, it seems reasonable to investigate means by which the required high resolution (<10 μm) could be supplied only at the optical I/O windows. One means of doing this is to provide a separate optical relay system for each I/O, as shown in Fig. 1(b).
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de Bosio, A., C. De Bernardi, and F. Melindo. "Deterministic and Statistic Circuit Assignement Architectures for Optical Switching Systems." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1987.thb2.

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The size of an optical switching network based on 2×2 optical switching elements, is limited by a series of factors: the relatively small phisical size of the substrate (no more than 100×75 mm for LiNbO3), the phisical size, loss and crosstalk of the switching element, the loss introduced by the fiber-substrate coupling and the large radii (more than 1 cm) imposed to the waveguide to keep bend loss around few hundredths of dB/degree.
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Tooley, Frank A. P. "Design Issues in Free-Space Optical Interconnection of Switching Systems." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1991.thb1.

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The recent development of large two-dimensional arrays of digital, optically bistable devices has facilitated the construction of test-bed, free-space switching systems1,2. This paper discusses aspects of the design and operation of these systems. Free-space switching systems may ultimately provide larger interconnection density than conventional electronic techniques. It is proposed that they therefore provide the switching fabric. The fabric is the part of the switch which routes data from the input to the required output. The input to the switch is not in a format suitable to send directly to the fabric. It includes the routing information required by the computer controlling the switch, the path hunt processor, and signalling protocol information that must be extracted and processed. The input data must also be re-synchronized and bit-aligned. Therefore, the operating wavelength of the fabric is unconstrained. It does not need to match the transmission wavelength. Similarly, with demultiplexing, the fabric data rate does not need to match the transmission data rate. Each array of logic gates provides data regeneration in a manner similar to electronic gates. Thus, although the devices must switch states at the fabric data rate, high output contrast is not required. Any comparison with systems using data ‘transparent’ devices, such as lithium niobate waveguides, is complicated since they operate as relational rather than logical devices.
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Sizer, T., T. K. Woodward, T.-H. Chiu, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho. "New Devices and Lasers for Large Scale Photonic Switching Systems." In Photonic Switching. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/phs.1991.we11.

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Large scale photonic switching applications require that one have a switching device which uses one beam of light to switch either the amplitude or direction of another. Free-space imaging architectures are powerful by using large numbers of these devices in parallel. These issues place several requirements on the device parameters. First, the speed of the device must be compatible with telecommunications or switching applications and as such must exceed 100 MHz.[1] The optical energy to switch an individual device must be low in order to drive as many devices as possible with the available optical power. The devices must be cascadable and have a gain of at least two to allow the output of one device to drive two identical devices. The device should have a vertical structure (as opposed to waveguide) to allow for free-space imaging to large numbers of devices.
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Reports on the topic "Switching systems"

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Rekhter, Y., B. Davie, D. Katz, E. Rosen, and G. Swallow. Cisco Systems' Tag Switching Architecture Overview. RFC Editor, February 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2105.

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Schwartz, Ira B., Thomas W. Carr, Lora Billings, and Mark Dykman. Noise Induced Switching in Delayed Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561020.

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Strawser, Richard E. Microelectromagnetic Systems (MEMS) Electrostatic Switching Technology for Microwave Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada388290.

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Goodman, Joseph W. Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Optical Interconnect Switching Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada263751.

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Yang, Yang. Stackable Organic Switches for Reconfigurable Switching Hybrid Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada578554.

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Branicky, Michael S. Analysis of Continuous Switching Systems: Theory and Examples. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459652.

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Finkelstein, Maxim S. On systems with shared resources and optimal switching strategies. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2008-025.

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Thompson, Alicia. Computer, Network, Switching and Cryptographic Systems (AFSC 2E2X1 - ANG/AFRC). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada417393.

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9

Ghosh, Mrinal K., Aristotle Arapostathis, and Steven I. Marcus. Optimal Control of Switching Diffusions With Application to Flexible Manufacturing Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada454850.

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Singh, Jasprit, and Pallab Bhattacharya. FY9l AASERT III-V Modulation and Switching Devices for Optical Systems Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299368.

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