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Journal articles on the topic 'Switch'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

HEIKOOP, KARIN W., MATHIEU DECLERCK, SANDER A. LOS, and IRING KOCH. "Dissociating language-switch costs from cue-switch costs in bilingual language switching." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 19, no. 5 (2016): 921–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728916000456.

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Cued language switching is used to examine language-control processes by comparing performance in language-switch trials with performance in repetition trials. In 1:1 cue-to-language mappings, language repetitions involve cue repetitions and language switches involve cue switches. Hence, the observed switch costs might reflect cue-switch costs rather than language-related control processes. By introducing a 2:1 cue-to-language mapping, we dissociated language switches (cue and language switched vs. cue switched, but language repeated) and cue switches (repeated language, with vs. without switc

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BULTENA, SYBRINE, TON DIJKSTRA, and JANET G. VAN HELL. "Language switch costs in sentence comprehension depend on language dominance: Evidence from self-paced reading." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 18, no. 3 (2014): 453–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728914000145.

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This study investigated two prominent issues in the comprehension of language switches. First, how does language switching direction affect switch costs in sentence context? Second, are switch costs modulated by L2 proficiency and cross-linguistic activation? We conducted a self-paced reading task involving sentences that switched between participants’ L1 Dutch and L2 English. The cognate status of the main verb was manipulated to examine the influence of co-activation on intra-sentential switch costs. The reading times indicated the influence of switch direction: a cost was observed for switc

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Wagner, Till J. W., and Dominic Vella. "Switch on, switch off: stiction in nanoelectromechanical switches." Nanotechnology 24, no. 27 (2013): 275501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/24/27/275501.

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Rolle, Charlotte-Paige, Jeffrey Garrett, Jamie Castano, et al. "Change in weight and BMI associated with switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide versus a dolutegravir-based regimen among virologically suppressed adults living with HIV through 144 weeks." Medicine 104, no. 10 (2025): e41728. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000041728.

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Increased weight has been observed among treatment-naïve-and-experienced people living with HIV initiating bictegravir (BIC) and dolutegravir (DTG). Here, we report changes in weight and body mass index (BMI) following switch to a BIC versus DTG-based regimen (DBR) through 144 weeks. This observational study collected demographics, clinical characteristics, weight, and BMI from virologically suppressed adults switched to BIC/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), emtricitabine/TAF plus DTG, DTG/abacavir/lamivudine, DTG/rilpivirine (RPV), and DTG/lamivudine 2 years prior to switch through 1

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Fleury Veloso da Silveira, Augusto, Felippe dos Santos e Silva, Wanderson Rainer Hilário de Araújo, Darizon Alves de Andrade, and Augusto Wohlgemuth Fleury Veloso da Silveira. "Reduced Switch Count Converter For Switched Reluctance Generators." Eletrônica de Potência 13, no. 3 (2008): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18618/rep.2008.3.177183.

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Gohil, S. "POS0626 MONEY MATTERS: ASSESSING THE VALUE OF THE ADALIMUMAB BIOSIMILAR SWITCH FOR RHEUMATOLOGY PATIENTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (2021): 551.2–551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2566.

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Background:The adalimumab biosimilar switch plan, actioned 2018-19 was one of the most complex of all biologic switches across several specialties. Non-medical switches are considered to ensure the best value medicines are prescribed for patients in line with NICE Technology Appraisals.Objectives:This 2 year follow up review explores the value of the switch for Rheumatology (R) patients in comparison to two other major specialisms; Dermatology (R) and Gastroenterology (G).Methods:403 homecare (HC) patients had been identified as eligible for switch to a citrate containing biosimilar (R;189, G;

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Adelakun, Adenike R., Ricky D. Turgeon, Mary A. De Vera, Kimberlyn McGrail, and Peter S. Loewen. "Oral anticoagulant switching in patients with atrial fibrillation: a scoping review." BMJ Open 13, no. 4 (2023): e071907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071907.

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IntroductionOral anticoagulants (OACs) prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Several factors may cause OAC switching.ObjectivesTo examine the phenomenon of OAC switching in patients with AF, including all available evidence; frequency and patterns of switch, clinical outcomes, adherence, patient-reported outcomes, reasons for switch, factors associated with switch and evidence gaps.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science, up to January 2022.ResultsOf the 116 included studies, 2/3 examined vitamin K antagonist (VKA) to direct-acting OAC (DOAC) swi

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Rosembert, D., A. Malaviya, J. How, et al. "P505 Different failure rates after non-medical switching of 744 patients from adalimumab originator to 2 different adalimumab biosimilars at Cambridge University Hospitals, UK: real-world experience." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (2020): S438—S439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.634.

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Abstract Background Biosimilar adalimumab became available in the UK in October 2018, with payers introducing a series of measures to drive the adoption of the ‘best value’ adalimumab.1 Consideration of value should include risk of loss of efficacy and adverse reactions, which might drive further biologic switches or ‘reverse switches’ to originator. Managing potential ‘nocebo effect’ requires high levels of patient engagement, whilst the presence or absence of citrate buffer may affect patient-reported discomfort, hence patient treatment perceptions. Methods Patients were switched to 2 differ

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Rahman, Rahnuma, and Supriyo Bandyopadhyay. "The Cost of Energy-Efficiency in Digital Hardware: The Trade-Off between Energy Dissipation, Energy–Delay Product and Reliability in Electronic, Magnetic and Optical Binary Switches." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (2021): 5590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125590.

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Binary switches, which are the primitive units of all digital computing and information processing hardware, are usually benchmarked on the basis of their ‘energy–delay product’, which is the product of the energy dissipated in completing the switching action and the time it takes to complete that action. The lower the energy–delay product, the better the switch (supposedly). This approach ignores the fact that lower energy dissipation and faster switching usually come at the cost of poorer reliability (i.e., a higher switching error rate) and hence the energy–delay product alone cannot be a g

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Lin, Chun-Wei, Chang-Yi Peng, and Huang-Jen Chiu. "A Novel Three-Phase Six-Switch PFC Rectifier with Zero-Voltage-Switching and Zero-Current-Switching Features." Energies 12, no. 6 (2019): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061119.

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A novel three-phase power-factor-correction (PFC) rectifier with zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) in six main switches and zero-current-switching (ZCS) in the auxiliary switch is proposed, analyzed, and experimentally verified. The main feature of the proposed auxiliary circuit is used to reduce the switching loss when the six main switches are turned on and the one auxiliary switch is turned off. In this paper, a detailed operating analysis of the proposed circuit is given. Modeling and analysis are verified by experimental results based on a three-phase 7 kW rectifier. The soft-switched PFC rect

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Soesman, Aviva, and Joel Walters. "Codeswitching within prepositional phrases: Effects of switch site and directionality." International Journal of Bilingualism 25, no. 3 (2021): 747–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13670069211000855.

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Aims and Research Questions: Codeswitching (CS) was investigated among English-Hebrew bilingual preschool children in a sentence repetition task focusing on switching at different points in prepositional phrases (PPs). We asked the extent to which sentence repetition accuracy differed (1) as a function of the switch site in the PP and (2) as a function of directionality, English-to-Hebrew versus Hebrew-to-English CS. Design/Methodology: English/first language (L1)-Hebrew/second language (L2), sequential bilingual children ( N = 65), ages 5;5–6;5, participated. Thirty-six English and 36 Hebrew

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Lukáš, Milan, Veronika Hrubá, Jindra Reissigová, et al. "Switch from biosimilar infliximab CT-P13 to biosimilar infliximab SB-2 in the long-term maintenance therapy in IBD patients – prospective observational study." Gastroenterologie a hepatologie 77, no. 4 (2023): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/ccgh2023336.

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Introduction: Therapeutical switch from originator to biosimilar infliximab has been proved as effective and safety procedure. We have a few information about non-medical swich from one biosimilar to the another biosimilar infiximab. Aim: This is a prospective observational study from one tercial IBD center, performed in 2021 and 2022 which was focused on efficacy and safety after switch from infliximab CT-P13 to infliximab SB-2 in patients with IBD. Methods: The cohort group comprised with 287 patients with IBD who have been consecutively treated with infliximab CT-P13 and they were switched

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Suryono, Suryono, Supriyati Supriyati, Dadi Dadi, Sri Kusumastuti, and Raditya Artha Rochmanto. "RANCANG BANGUN PENGONTROL LAMPU LISTRIK MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR INFRA RED SWITCH DAN REMOTE." Orbith: Majalah Ilmiah Pengembangan Rekayasa dan Sosial 20, no. 1 (2024): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.32497/orbith.v20i1.5426.

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AbstrakSaklar adalah salah satu dari perangkat elektrik yang mempunyai fungsi sebagai pengontrol, memutus dan menghubungkan tegangan listrik ke beban yang biasanya berupa lampu listrik. Beban listrik secara umum adalah semua peralatan yang dalam bekerjanya menggunakan energy listrik. Ada banyak jenis saklar yang digunakan dalam rangkaian instalasi cahaya maupun tenaga listrik. Pada rumah tangga, perkantoran, hotel, sekolah, kampus, mall, industri dan bangunan lainnya, saklar digunakan untuk mengontrol nyala dan matinya lampu. Untuk mengubah kedudukan saklar mekanik manual dari menghubung menja

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Shen, Alice, Susanne Gahl, and Keith Johnson. "Didn't hear that coming: Effects of withholding phonetic cues to code-switching." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23, no. 5 (2020): 1020–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728919000877.

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AbstractCode-switching has been found to incur a processing cost in auditory comprehension. However, listeners may have access to anticipatory phonetic cues to code-switches (Piccinini & Garellek, 2014; Fricke et al., 2016), thus mitigating switch cost. We investigated effects of withholding anticipatory phonetic cues on code-switched word recognition by splicing English-to-Mandarin code-switches into unilingual English sentences. In a concept monitoring experiment, Mandarin–English bilinguals took longer to recognize code-switches, suggesting a switch cost. In an eye tracking experiment,

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Tian, G., Z. Wang, Q. Ge, J. Wang, and S. Shuai. "Control of a spark ignition homogeneous charge compression ignition mode transition on a gasoline direct injection engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 221, no. 7 (2007): 867–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto434.

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The hybrid combustion mode is an ideal operation strategy for a gasoline homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. A stable and smooth spark ignition (SI)/HCCI switch has been an issue in the research on multimode combustion. In this paper, the switch process has two key issues; the cam profile and throttle opening. With the developed two-stage cam system, the valve phase strategy can be switched within one engine cycle, from the normal cam profile for the SI mode to a negative valve overlap (NVO) profile for the HCCI mode, or vice versa. For a smoother and more stable switch, the

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McNicol, Megan, Mahmoud Abdel-Rasoul, Grant Morris, et al. "NON-MEDICAL SWITCHING FROM INFLIXIMAB TO A BIOSIMILAR IN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 29, Supplement_1 (2023): S62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izac247.117.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Studies in adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have demonstrated that a one-time switch from the originator to a biosimilar has not resulted in loss of response, increased side effects, or antibody development. Data describing non-medical switching is limited in adolescents and young adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of one-time switches from the originator to a biosimilar in adolescents and young adults with IBD. METHODS Patients with IBD that underwent a non-medical switch from infliximab originator to a biosimilar were retrosp

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Epple, Dennis, and Martin Kutz. "Parity Lights." Mathematical Gazette 88, no. 511 (2004): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025557200174224.

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Almost everybody has a light in their house that can be switched on and off from two or more different places. If your electrician set up the wiring properly, you are able to toggle the light with every single switch, independent of the others' current configuration.We may think of the switches as implementing a parity function. If we label the two positions of a switch by 0 and 1, the light is on if the sum of switch positions is even and off if this sum is odd (or vice versa). So in the common case of only two switches, ‘light on’ is just the binary relation xor. (Not all real-life installat

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Krishnan, G. Hari, B. V. Sai Thrinath, G. Karthikeyan, V. Ravi, and E. Parimalasundar. "Switched Capacitor-Based Bidirectional Power Converter with Enhanced Voltage Boost and Reduced Switching Strain for Electric Vehicle Applications." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 11, no. 4 (2023): 904–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.110404.

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This research work presents an improved design of a bidirectional converter for EVs, specifically focusing on its buck and boost operations. The proposed design incorporates a switched capacitor-based double switch converter, which offers enhanced performance compared to conventional converters. The utilization of switched capacitors reduces voltage stress on switches and improves overall efficiency, making it well-suited for electric vehicle applications. Moreover, the inclusion of synchronous rectification enables zero voltage switching, further enhancing the converter's performance. The eff

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P., Suresh, George Fernandez S., Vidyasagar S., et al. "Reduction of transients in switches using embedded machine learning." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS) 11, no. 1 (2020): 235–41. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i1.pp235-241.

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Non-linear loads can cause transients in electronic switches. They also result in a fluctuating output when the device is switched ON or OFF. These transients can harm not only the switches but also the devices that they are connected to, by passing excess currents or voltages to the devices. By applying machine learning, we can improve the gate drive voltages of the switches and thereby reduce switch transients. A feedback system is built that measures the output transients and then feeds it to a neural network algorithm that then gives a proper gate drive to the device. This will reduce tran

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Shant, Kumar Biradar, and Badi Manjulata. "Analysing Efficiency and Effectiveness of Clap Switch Mechanism." Journal of Recent Trends in Electrical Power System 4, no. 1 (2021): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4706580.

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<em>In this paper, the electronic circuit initiated or activated by outside sound resembling applause sounds occurs at 2200Hz to 2800Hz within. At this point when far off point got the maximum bright once the electronic circuit is switched on. If one data particle proceeded another one, the framework would skip one particle. The basic idea of applauding switch is someone in the next room applauding the building will be turned on and off even though lying in bed. This was directed from the different NE 555 Clap Switches and Arduino Clap Switch. The NE 555 based clapping switch is probably the m

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Ho, P. Joy, Ross D. Brown, Gregory J. Pelka, Antony Basten, John Gibson, and Douglas E. Joshua. "Illegitimate switch recombinations are present in approximately half of primary myeloma tumors, but do not relate to known prognostic indicators or survival." Blood 97, no. 2 (2001): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.2.490.

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Abstract The myeloma plasma cell is a postgerminal center, isotype-switched B cell. Chromosomal translocations into immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) switch regions, recombination sites in isotype switching, were initially demonstrated in myeloma cell lines but only a limited number of primary tumors. Molecular cytogenetics have since been applied to a series of primary tumors, in which IgH translocations accounted for many recurrent aberrations, among numerous nonrecurrent changes of unknown significance. This study, therefore, examined primary myeloma for IgH switch translocations using an es

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Singh, Rachee, Muqeet Mukhtar, Ashay Krishna, Aniruddha Parkhi, Jitendra Padhye, and David Maltz. "Surviving switch failures in cloud datacenters." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 51, no. 2 (2021): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3464994.3464996.

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Switch failures can hamper access to client services, cause link congestion and blackhole network traffic. In this study, we examine the nature of switch failures in the datacenters of a large commercial cloud provider through the lens of survival theory. We study a cohort of over 180,000 switches with a variety of hardware and software configurations and find that datacenter switches have a 98% likelihood of functioning uninterrupted for over 3 months since deployment in production. However, there is significant heterogeneity in switch survival rates with respect to their hardware and softwar

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Li, Yiping, Qinjian Wang, Shu Liang, et al. "Effect of Switching Antiretroviral Treatment Regimen in Patients With Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Infection: Retrospective Observational Cohort Study." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 8, no. 6 (2022): e33429. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/33429.

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Background Evidence on the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen switches on the mortality of patients with HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) is limited. Objective We aim to provide policy guidance for ART regimen selection and evaluate the effectiveness of ART regime switches for people living with HIV and HIV-1 drug resistance. Methods This retrospective observational cohort study included 179 people living with HIV and HIV-1 drug resistance from 2011 to 2020. The time that participants switched treatment regimens either to protease inhibitor (PI)–based ART regimens (PIs) or nonnucleosi

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Yu, F. Q., T. Pan, K. Li, Z. Z. Zhu, F. Wei, and W. Dai. "The study of active gas-gap heat switch using carbon nanotubes as the adsorption material." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1301, no. 1 (2024): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1301/1/012037.

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Abstract Heat switches are widely used in cryogenic systems and play an important role in controlling thermodynamic cycles and accelerating the cooling of cryogenic components, etc. Among them, the active gas-gap heat switch, as one of the mainstream heat switches, mostly uses activated carbon as the adsorbent. It desorbs/adsorbs helium by heating/cooling the activated carbon to realize the ON/OFF state. Normally, a short response time, which is related to the adsorption properties of the materials and the heating method of the adsorption bed, is desired. In order to further shorten the respon

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Suresh, P., S. George Fernandez, S. Vidyasagar, et al. "Reduction of transients in switches using embedded machine learning." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 1 (2020): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i1.pp235-241.

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<p>Non-linear loads can cause transients in electronic switches. They also result in a fluctuating output when the device is switched ON or OFF. These transients can harm not only the switches but also the devices that they are connected to, by passing excess currents or voltages to the devices. By applying machine learning, we can improve the gate drive voltages of the switches and thereby reduce switch transients. A feedback system is built that measures the output transients and then feeds it to a neural network algorithm that then gives a proper gate drive to the device. This will re

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Wang, Minfeng, Yang Zhang, G. P. Li, and Mark Bachman. "A Novel Frequency Addressable Micro Switch Array." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2011, DPC (2011): 001707–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2011dpc-wp23.

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Addressable switch arrays are widely used in telecommunication, radar and satellite systems for many applications, such as switch network controlling, modularity and expansion. The existing method to achieve addressability of the switch is to design a grid structure switch array and to individually actuate switches with multiplexed control lines , . The MEMS switch array presented in this work addresses individual switches according to the unique intrinsic resonance frequencies of different mechanical structures driven by electro-magnetic force. This approach eliminates the need to have a dedi

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YILDIZ, ALI BEKIR. "A MNA-BASED UNIFIED IDEAL SWITCH MODEL FOR ANALYSIS OF SWITCHING CIRCUITS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 22, no. 06 (2013): 1350046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126613500461.

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The paper proposes a unified switch model for the analysis of circuits with ideal switches. The model is unique and valid for all states of switches. The developed model is based on modified nodal analysis (MNA) that exploits an efficient algorithm developed for linear active circuits. The analysis with the new switch model requires only one topology and uses the uniform system equations regardless of states of switches. The system equations and the states of switches are updated by control variables, used in the model. There are no restrictions on circuit topology and switch connections. The

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Li, Zonghui, Hai Wan, Yangdong Deng, et al. "Time-Triggered Switch-Memory-Switch Architecture for Time-Sensitive Networking Switches." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 39, no. 1 (2020): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2018.2883996.

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Selin, P., and H. Obara. "Embedding N × N Crossbar Switches into ILLIAC(N, N − 1) Torus Networks for Optical Interconnection Networks." ISRN Optics 2012 (November 20, 2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/218541.

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A focus of research for crossbar switches has been to reduce the number of 2×2 switch elements, each of which not only occupies a relatively large area but also costs a lot when implemented with optical devices. We point out that conventional N×N crossbar switches, where N is the switch size, actually function as (N+1)×(N+1) switches and thus have redundant 2×2 switch elements to be removed. We show that ILLIAC(N,N-1) torus networks, which have a less number of 2×2 switching elements than crossbar switches of an identical switch size, are equivalent to true N×N crossbar switches. We describe i

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Suzuki, Keijiro, Ryotaro Konoike, Shu Namiki, Hitoshi Kawashima, and Kazuhiro Ikeda. "O-band 32 × 32 silicon photonic switch with double Mach-Zehnder switch elements." Optics Express 33, no. 9 (2025): 20110. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.558541.

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Silicon photonic switches are expected to offer energy efficient switching in future data center networks and artificial intelligence/machine learning clusters. In this paper, we report a strictly non-blocking silicon photonic switch with 32 inputs and 32 outputs based on a path-independent insertion-loss topology, which consists of double Mach-Zehnder (MZ) switch elements to improve the crosstalk performance. The switch chip, therefore, contains 2048 thermo-optic MZ switches. The switch chip was fabricated using a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor pilot line with the 45-nm technology. T

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Wang, Xingxing, Yujie Zhang, Hongjun Ni, et al. "Research on UHV Isolating Switch Technology with Multi-source Action Signal." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2137, no. 1 (2021): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2137/1/012036.

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Abstract With the improvement of the voltage level of power transmission and transformation lines, the development of smart grids has highlighted a major demand, and relevant enterprises and scientific researchers in the UHV field at home and abroad have explored the research of water intelligent isolation switch equipment. This article explains the current problems of traditional substation isolation switches, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of UHV isolation switch technology and its application status through three aspects: isolation switch, isolation switch contact and isolati

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Burlando, Martina, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Claudio Marasca, et al. "Adalimumab Originator vs. Biosimilar in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Multicentric Retrospective Study." Biomedicines 10, no. 10 (2022): 2522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102522.

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This study aimed to compare adalimumab originator vs. biosimilar in HS patients, and to evaluate the effect of a switch to a biosimilar, or a switch back to the originator, in terms of treatment ineffectiveness. Patients with a diagnosis of HS were enrolled from 14 Italian sites. Treatment ineffectiveness was measured using Hurley score. The major analyses were 1) comparison between the two treatment groups (non-switcher analysis), and 2) the cross-over trend of Hurley score between treatment switchers (switcher analysis). Cox and Poisson regression models were used to compare the treatment in

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Paglinco, Samantha, Mahmoud Abdel-Rasoul, Megan McNicol, and Ross Maltz. "ASSOCIATED COST DIFFERENCES OF SWITCHING BETWEEN INFLIXIMAB PRODUCTS." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 31, Supplement_1 (2025): S34. https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izae282.075.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Three infliximab biosimilars are available in the United States and their introduction helped to curb rising healthcare costs associated with infliximab usage. Given existing data surrounding the safety and efficacy of biosimilar use, many insurance payors have been mandating that a patient switches from the originator to a biosimilar to reduce the cost of care. The objectives of this study were to evaluate trends for infliximab product switching using a large commercial claims database and to assess cost-savings associated with switching between infliximab products. METH

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Grose, Christian R. "Is it Better to Join the Majority? The Electoral Effects of Party Switching by Incumbent Southern State Legislators, 1972 to 2000." American Review of Politics 25 (April 1, 2004): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.2004.25.0.79-98.

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What are the electoral effects of a change in partisan affiliation for legislators? To answer this question, 6357 state legislative elections from 1972 to 2000 in five southern states are examined. By comparing this subset of party-switching southern legislators to their non-switching colleagues, I am able to examine (1) whether partisan affiliation and changes in party labels affect electoral outcomes over the short- and long-term; and (2) whether switching parties into the majority party in the legislature affects electoral out-comes. The findings are that incumbent legislators who switch pa

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Schneider, Arnold. "Is commercial lending affected by knowledge of auditor switches from Big 4 firms to regional firms?" Accounting Research Journal 30, no. 2 (2017): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-12-2014-0110.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine whether knowledge about companies switching auditors from Big 4 firms to regional firms affects commercial lending decisions. Design/methodology/approach The approach used is an experiment where bank loan officers make judgments about risk and probabilities of granting a line of credit. Findings Neither risk assessments nor probabilities of granting credit differed for companies that switch auditors from Big 4 firms to regional firms as compared to companies that did not switch auditors. For companies that did switch auditors, providing a reason for the switc

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Iqbal, Amjad, Amor Smida, Nazih Mallat, et al. "Frequency and Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna for Emerging Wireless Communication Systems." Electronics 8, no. 4 (2019): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8040407.

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A printed and minimal size antenna having the functionality of frequency shifting as well as pattern reconfigurability is presented in this work. The antenna proposed in this work consists of three switches. Switch 1 is a lumped switch that controls the operating bands of the antenna. Switch 2 and Switch 3 controls the beam switching of the antenna. When the Switch 1 is ON, the proposed antenna operates at 3.1 GHz and 6.8 GHz, covering the 2.5–4.2 GHz and 6.2–7.4 GHz bands, respectively. When Switch 1 is OFF, the antenna operates only at 3.1 GHz covering the 2.5–4.2 GHz band. The desired beam

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Wen, Hua Bin, Yong Duan Song, and Rui Li. "A Study on Virtual Prototyping Technology for Vacuum Switch." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 528–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.528.

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The optimal design of vacuum switch is becoming an important research topic with the extensive application and increasing demands of vacuum switches. This paper analyzes the main elements of the vacuum switch design, and gives the design process of the vacuum switch. An optimal design method is proposed for the vacuum switch based on the concept and characteristics of virtual prototyping (VP) technology. By using computer aided design and the related software, we propose a method for vacuum switch modeling VP, the stress field VP of parts, the thermal field VP of electric heat, the electric fi

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Quitiqut, Travis, and Vijay Bhuse. "Utilizing Switch Port Link State to Detect Rogue Switches." International Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security 17, no. 1 (2022): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/iccws.17.1.45.

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There are many methods to detect rogue wireless access points, but the same case can not be said for rouge switches on a LAN network. Detecting these rogue switches is key to security of any organization. The introduction of a rogue unmanaged network switch has the potential to cripple a network. These types of switches pose a big risk because they are usually plug and play types of devices and can prove difficult to track. A switch becomes rouge when it is connected to a network without proper authorization. Rogue switches are a huge threat to the security and reliability of any network. An a

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Vasiljevic, Predrag, Milorad Danilovic, Slavica Antonic, and Vladimir Cirovic. "An innovative chainsaw blockage method using alcohol detection." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 124 (2021): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf2124115v.

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The paper presents the working principle of the alcohol sensor, which is connected to the on/off switch on the chainsaw. The alcohol sensor switches off the chainsaw via the transmitter and receiver, if it detects that the worker is under the influence of alcohol. The connection between the transmitter and the receiver is remote, via radio waves. The alcohol sensor contains a mesh that heats up due to 5V voltage impact and reacts to alcohol vapors. This reaction is an incentive to send a signal from the transmitter to the receiver. Blockage - switching off of the chainsaw occurs when a short c

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Contreras-Saavedra, Carla E., Klaus Willmes, Iring Koch, Stefanie Schuch, Elena Benini, and Andrea M. Philipp. "Multilingual two-digit number naming: The influence of composition rules on language switching." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73, no. 9 (2020): 1481–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820916108.

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The aim of this study was to examine language switching in a two-digit number naming task. In contrast to single digits, two-digit numbers have a composition rule (i.e., morphological configuration) that may differ between languages. For example, the Arabic number 21 is read with an inverted composition rule in German (unit before decade) and a non-inverted composition rule in English (decade before unit). In the present experiment, one group of German native speakers and one group of Spanish native speakers had to name two-digit numbers in German, English, or Spanish. The results demonstrate

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MAHANI, ALI, DAVOUD AFRASIABI, and HAMID R. NAJI. "A NOVEL FAULT TOLERANT SWITCH FOR RELIABLE NoC DESIGN." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 23, no. 10 (2014): 1450142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126614501424.

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Network on chip (NoC) is a design space covered by the manifold combinations of network topology options, routing algorithms, switch architectures, fault tolerant mechanisms and so on. In NoC structures, switches and links are important components on network layers and the effect of faults on links and switches in NoC leads to disturbance in internal communication and low reliability. The performance reduction of many-core NoC architectures depend strongly on the number of faulty switches. This bottleneck motivates us to propose a fault tolerant switch in which the ring roads help the switch t

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Gohil, S. "AB1343-HPR A QUALITATIVE REVIEW ASSESSING THEMATIC OUTCOMES FROM THE PHARMACY-LED ADALIMUMAB BIOSIMILAR SWITCH PLAN ACROSS 3 SPECIALITIES; RHEUMATOLOGY, GASTROENTEROLOGY AND DERMATOLOGY AT UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS OF COVENTRY AND WARWICKSHIRE (UHCW)." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1959.1–1960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3880.

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Background:The advent of biosimilars has heralded a new era for cost effective biologic prescribing in the NHS. As patents expire for originator biologics, less expensive versions are now widely available as biosimilars. Non-medical switches (for reasons unrelated to a patient’s health) ensure prescribing of best value medicines, and cost savings can be redirected to patient care.1This practice resonates with recommendations from Lord Carter’s 2016 report regarding reducing unwarranted variation in the NHS and adopting cost saving opportunities.2In 2018/19, following loss of patent exclusivity

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Barabanova, E. A., K. A. Vytovtov, V. M. Vishnevsky, and V. S. Podlazov. "The method for constructing fault-tolerant photonic switches for high-performance computing systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2091, no. 1 (2021): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2091/1/012032.

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Abstract In this paper the new type of fault-tolerant non-blocking photonic switch is presented for the first time. The proposed switch architecture is based on quasi-complete graph topology which use provides non-blocking and fault-tolerant switching process. The new two-stage switch architecture uses the stage of dual photonic switches and pairs of photonic demultiplexers and multiplexers which have been described in detail by authors in their previous works. Depending on the number of different backup connections, the two types of fault-tolerant pho-tonic switches are considered in this pap

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Deng, Zhong Liang, Cai Hu Chen, Sen Fan, Hua Gong, and Xiao Fei Sun. "Design of a K Band MEMS Switch with CPW Defected Ground Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 1844–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.1844.

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This paper presents a K band (18GHz-26.5GHz) shunt capacitive micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switch. This switch used the coplanar waveguide (CPW) Defected ground structure (DGS) which is made by etching defect structure in CPW ground line. Furthermore the beam structure of the proposed switch is composed of one girder and two supporting beams. The design of the switchs structure is benefit to the apart between the DC signal and AC signal. The simulated values of the isolation of the switch on off-states is-55 dB at18.9 GHz, and the return loss at K band is greater than-0.3 dB. The pul

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Pokhilko, Alexandra, Oliver Ebenhöh, W. Marshall Stark, and Sean D. Colloms. "Mathematical model of a serine integrase-controlled toggle switch with a single input." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 15, no. 143 (2018): 20180160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0160.

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Dual-state genetic switches that can change their state in response to input signals can be used in synthetic biology to encode memory and control gene expression. A transcriptional toggle switch (TTS), with two mutually repressing transcription regulators, was previously used for switching between two expression states. In other studies, serine integrases have been used to control DNA inversion switches that can alternate between two different states. Both of these switches use two different inputs to switch ON or OFF. Here, we use mathematical modelling to design a robust one-input binary sw

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Femi, R., Shibu Clement, Anita Agrawal, and A. Amalin Prince. "Investigation of Microelectromechanical Switches for Next Generation DC Power Distribution System." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 15, no. 6 (2014): 591–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2014-0042.

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Abstract This paper investigates the application of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switches for DC power distribution system. Traditional electromechanical switches, solid state switches and solid state switch array are studied and simulated to understand their characteristics. Performance and characteristics of MEMS switches are reviewed and identified that electrostatically actuated MEMS switches are suitable for DC power applications. Scalable total cross tied (TCT) array configuration using MEMS switches has been proposed. The proposed configuration is suitable for variable voltage/c

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Gros, B., N. Plevris, N. Constantine-Cooke, et al. "P745 Multiple infliximab biosimilar switches appear to be safe and effective in a real-world inflammatory bowel disease cohort." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (2023): i876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0875.

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Abstract Background Switching from originator to biosimilar infliximab (IFX) is effective and safe. However, data on multiple switching are scarce. The Edinburgh IBD unit has undertaken three switch programmes: (1) Remicade to CT-P13 (2016), (2) CT-P13 to SB2 (2020), and (3) SB2 to CT-P13 (2021). The primary endpoint of this study was to assess CT-P13 persistence following switch from SB2. Secondary endpoints included persistence stratified by the number of biosimilar switches (single, double and triple), effectiveness and safety. Methods We performed a prospective, observational, cohort study

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Gadzhanova, Svetla, Elizabeth E. Roughead, and Lisa G. Pont. "Antidepressant switching patterns in the elderly." International Psychogeriatrics 30, no. 9 (2018): 1365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610217002964.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Switching between antidepressants is complex due to potential adverse outcomes such as serotonin syndrome and antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, yet switching is often required due to non-response to initial treatment. This study aimed to examine the patterns and extent of antidepressant switching in a cohort of older adults in long-term residential care.Methods:A cohort study of medication supply data from 6011 aged care residents in 60 long-term care facilities was conducted. Incident antidepressant users were followed for 12 months and their patterns of antidepressa

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Fu, Ming, Qifu Lu, Wang Ran, Quan Shi, and Dong Fu. "Intelligent Detection Algorithm of Medium and Low Voltage Switch Performance Based on the Improved K-means Clustering." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2409, no. 1 (2022): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2409/1/012025.

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Abstract The performance of medium and low voltage switches will directly affect the reliability of medium and low voltage distribution networks. The medium and low voltage switch algorithm’s failure form is mainly mechanical. In order to realize its intelligent detection, a medium and low voltage switch detection algorithm based on the improved K-means clustering algorithm is proposed. Optimizing the algorithm’s clustering center selection establishes a model of the switch working state under different vibration signals and an intelligent detection algorithm for medium and low voltage switche

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Pan, Ru Zheng, You Hua Wang, Zhi Zhong Zhao, et al. "Circuit Model of Laser-Triggered Surface Flashover Switch in Vacuum Condition with Pulsed Voltage." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 7486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.7486.

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Based on the platform of laser-triggered surface flashover in pulsed voltage, experiment of laser-triggered surface flashover switch is carried out in vacuum condition with pulsed voltage. The switch consists of flat electrodes and columned insulator. A single/double harmonic, with wavelength λ of 1064/532 nm, Q-switched Nd: YAG laser is applied to trigger the switch. The results of experiment show that switch delay time and jitter time decrease with increase of pulsed voltage and laser energy density. Based on the waveforms of switch voltage and switch current, the circuit model of laser-trig

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