Relevant bibliographies by topics / Switch failures

Academic literature on the topic 'Switch failures'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Switch failures"

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Cui, Yunhe, Qing Qian, Guowei Shen, Chun Guo, and Saifei Li. "REVERT: A Network Failure Recovery Method for Data Center Networks." Electronics 9, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081187.

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As a repository that holds computing facilities, storage facilities, network facilities and other facilities, the Software Defined Data Center (SDDC) can provide computing and storage resources for users. For a SDDC, it is important to provide continuous services for users. Hence, in order to achieve high reliability in Software Defined Data Center Networks (SDDCNs), a network failure recovery method for software defined data center networks (REVERT) is proposed to recover failures in SDDCNs. In REVERT, the network failures that occurred in SDDCNs are classified into three types, which are switch failure, failure of links among switches and failure of links between switches and servers. Specially, except recovering the switch failure and failure of links between switches, REVERT can also recover the failures of links between the switches and servers. To achieve that, a failure preprocessing method used to classify the network failures, a data structure for storing and finding the affected flows, a server cluster agent for communicating with the server clustering algorithm and a routing path calculation method are designed in REVERT. Meanwhile, REVERT has been implemented and evaluated on RYU controller and Mininet using three routing algorithms. Compared with the link usage before recovering the network failures, when there are more than 200 flows in the network, the mean link usages only slightly increase at about 1.83 percent. More importantly, the evaluation results also demonstrate that except recovering switch failures, intra-topo link failures, REVERT has the ability of recovering failures of links between servers and edge switches successfully.
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Singh, Rachee, Muqeet Mukhtar, Ashay Krishna, Aniruddha Parkhi, Jitendra Padhye, and David Maltz. "Surviving switch failures in cloud datacenters." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 51, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3464994.3464996.

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Switch failures can hamper access to client services, cause link congestion and blackhole network traffic. In this study, we examine the nature of switch failures in the datacenters of a large commercial cloud provider through the lens of survival theory. We study a cohort of over 180,000 switches with a variety of hardware and software configurations and find that datacenter switches have a 98% likelihood of functioning uninterrupted for over 3 months since deployment in production. However, there is significant heterogeneity in switch survival rates with respect to their hardware and software: the switches of one vendor are twice as likely to fail compared to the others. We attribute the majority of switch failures to hardware impairments and unplanned power losses. We find that the in-house switch operating system, SONiC, boosts the survival likelihood of switches in datacenters by 1% by eliminating switch failures caused by software bugs in vendor switch OSes.
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LI, DAWEI, JIE WU, DAJIN WANG, and JIAYIN WANG. "Software-Defined Networking Switches for Fast Single-Link Failure Recovery." Journal of Interconnection Networks 18, no. 04 (December 2018): 1850014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265918500147.

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In this paper, we consider IP fast recovery from single-link failures in a given network topology. The basic idea is to replace some existing routers with a designated switch. When a link fails, the affected router will send all the affected traffic to the designated switch (through pre-configured IP tunnels), which will deliver the affected traffic to its destination without using the failed link. The goal of the approach is to achieve faster failure recovery than traditional routing protocols that employ reactive computing upon link failures. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) switches can serve as the designated switches because they can flexibly redirect affected traffic to other routes, instead of only to the shortest paths in the network. However, SDN switches are very expensive. Our objective is to minimize the number of SDN switches needed and to guarantee that the network can still recover from any single-link failure. For networks with uniform link costs, we show that using normal non-SDN switches with IP tunneling capability as designated switches can guarantee recovery from any single-link failure. For networks with general link costs, we find that not all single-link failures can be recovered by using non-SDN switches as designated switches; by using SDN switches only when necessary, we can reduce the total number of SDN switches needed compared to an existing work. We conduct extensive simulations to verify our proposed approaches.
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Bemment, Samuel D., Roger M. Goodall, Roger Dixon, and Christopher P. Ward. "Improving the reliability and availability of railway track switching by analysing historical failure data and introducing functionally redundant subsystems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 232, no. 5 (September 13, 2017): 1407–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409717727879.

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Track switches are safety critical assets that not only provide flexibility to rail networks but also present single points of failure. Switch failures within dense-traffic passenger rail systems cause a disproportionate level of delay. Subsystem redundancy is one of a number of approaches, which can be used to ensure an appropriate safety integrity and/or operational reliability level, successfully adopted by, for example, the aeronautical and nuclear industries. This paper models the adoption of a functional redundancy approach to the functional subsystems of traditional railway track switching arrangements in order to evaluate the potential increase in the reliability and availability of switches. The paper makes three main contributions. First, 2P-Weibull failure distributions for each functional subsystem of each common category of points operating equipment are established using a timeline and iterative maximum likelihood estimation approach, based on almost 40,000 sampled failure events over 74,800 years of continuous operation. Second, these results are used as baselines in a reliability block diagram approach to model engineering fault tolerance, through subsystem redundancy, into existing switching systems. Third, the reliability block diagrams are used with a Monte-Carlo simulation approach in order to model the availability of redundantly engineered track switches over expected asset lifetimes. Results show a significant improvement in the reliability and availability of switches; unscheduled downtime reduces by an order of magnitude across all powered switch types, whilst significant increases in the whole-system reliability are demonstrated. Hence, switch designs utilising a functional redundancy approach are well worth further investigation. However, it is also established that as equipment failures are engineered out, switch reliability/availability can be seen to plateau as the dominant contributor to unreliability becomes human error.
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Gravenstein, Dietrich, Harshdeep Wilkhu, Edwin B. Liem, Stuart Tilman, and Samsun Lampotang. "Aestiva Ventilation Mode Selector Switch Failures." Anesthesia & Analgesia 104, no. 4 (April 2007): 860–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000256873.96114.48.

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Chen, Jue, Jinbang Chen, Junchen Ling, Junlong Zhou, and Wei Zhang. "Link Failure Recovery in SDN: High Efficiency, Strong Scalability and Wide Applicability." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 27, no. 06 (February 22, 2018): 1850087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126618500871.

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Link failures are commonly observed in computer networks, including the newly emerging Software Defined Network (SDN). Considering that failure recovery methods used in traditional networks cannot be applied to SDN networks directly, we propose a method named pro-VLAN in this paper, which calculates a backup path and assigns a unique VLAN id for each link of the network based on the protection mechanism. It makes the most of SDN’s features and can recover a single link failure in SDN with the advantages of high efficiency, strong scalability and wide applicability. More specifically, high efficiency (i.e., a fast failure recovery with a low memory consumption) is achieved by calculating backup paths for each link instead of each flow and using group tables to switch backup paths automatically and locally when failures occur. Strong scalability (i.e., the amount of backup flow entries per switch is stable) is achieved by keeping the amount of links per switch no matter how the network scale extends or how the amount of flows increases. Wide applicability is achieved by always finding a path available without modifying any hardware or protocol as long as the network is still reachable after a link failure. Simulation results and mathematical analysis demonstrate that both pro-VLAN and a flow-based protection method achieve a fast failure recovery, while pro-VLAN consumes less than 1% of the forwarding entries to store backup paths as compared to the flow-based method. Moreover, when the network scale increases from 10 to 60 switches by 500%, the increase of the number of backup flow entries per switch built by pro-VLAN is only less than 50%.
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Kim, Gyuyeong, and Wonjun Lee. "In-network leaderless replication for distributed data stores." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 15, no. 7 (March 2022): 1337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3523210.3523213.

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Leaderless replication allows any replica to handle any type of request to achieve read scalability and high availability for distributed data stores. However, this entails burdensome coordination overhead of replication protocols, degrading write throughput. In addition, the data store still requires coordination for membership changes, making it hard to resolve server failures quickly. To this end, we present NetLR, a replicated data store architecture that supports high performance, fault tolerance, and linearizability simultaneously. The key idea of NetLR is moving the entire replication functions into the network by leveraging the switch as an on-path in-network replication orchestrator. Specifically, NetLR performs consistency-aware read scheduling, high-performance write coordination, and active fault adaptation in the network switch. Our in-network replication eliminates inter-replica coordination for writes and membership changes, providing high write performance and fast failure handling. NetLR can be implemented using programmable switches at a line rate with only 5.68% of additional memory usage. We implement a prototype of NetLR on an Intel Tofino switch and conduct extensive testbed experiments. Our evaluation results show that NetLR is the only solution that achieves high throughput and low latency and is robust to server failures.
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Kim, Sang-Hun, Seok-Min Kim, Sungmin Park, and Kyo-Beum Lee. "Switch Open-Fault Detection for a Three-Phase Hybrid Active Neutral-Point-Clamped Rectifier." Electronics 9, no. 9 (September 3, 2020): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091437.

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This paper proposes a fault-detection method for open-switch failures in hybrid active neutral-point-clamped (HANPC) rectifiers. The basic HANPC topology comprises two SiC-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and four Si insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). A three-phase rectifier system using the HANPC topology can produce higher efficiency and lower current harmonics. An open-switch fault in a HANPC rectifier can be a MOSFET or IGBT fault. In this work, faulty cases of six different switches are analyzed based on the current distortion in the stationary reference frame. Open faults in MOSFET switches cause immediate and remarkable current distortions, whereas, open faults in IGBT switches are difficult to detect using conventional methods. To detect an IGBT fault, the proposed detection method utilizes some of the reactive power in a certain period to make an important difference, using the direct-quadrant (dq)-axis current information derived from the three-phase current. Thus, the proposed detection method is based on three-phase current measurements and does not use additional hardware. By analyzing the individual characteristics of each switch failure, the failed switch can be located exactly. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed fault-detection method are verified through PSIM simulations and experimental results.
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Pearman, Gordon R. "Automatic BusBar Transfer Switch Fault Tree Analysis." Marine Technology and SNAME News 34, no. 01 (January 1, 1997): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1997.34.1.31.

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This paper discusses the application of an existing statistical analysis technique called "Fault Tree Analysis " to Automatic BusBar Transfer Switch failures on a new class of Naval Supply Ship. Fault Tree Analysis is a technique, used in many "High Technology Industries, " to pictorially display facts surrounding system, equipment or process failures. Technological complexity and safety concerns in the marine industry make it necessary to also use an organized technique to display facts affecting undesirable events, or failures, and their cause and effect.
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Silvus, Stan. "Failure Analysis of Passive Components." EDFA Technical Articles 1, no. 2 (May 1, 1999): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.1999-2.p015.

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Abstract This article explains why it has become necessary for equipment builders to analyze passive component failures and how the findings should be reported to manufacturers. It describes the general approach and steps involved in analyzing passive component failures and the methods and equipment used. It also explains how an actual failure involving a microwave switch was resolved.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Switch failures"

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Velagapudi, Alekhya. "Time Series Event Analysis of Pooled Multiyear Telecommunication Outages." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1470824497.

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Sullivan, John F. "Network fault tolerance system." Link to electronic thesis, 2000. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0501100-125656.

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Mhangwane, Shushu Rirhandzu Comfort. "Predicting early and late first-line antiretroviral therapy virologic failure, and switch to second-line therapy in a military population in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64177.

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The study involved retrospective data analysis using statistical methods to re-analyse data collected during a long-term study in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected population of South African National Defence Force employees and their dependents, where different parameters related to treatment and disease status of HIV infected patients were collected. This study attempted to identify possible predictors of both early and late occurrence of first-line antiretroviral therapy virologic failure, potential predictors of first-line antiretroviral virologic failure and for switching to second line therapy were identified.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
HJF- Phidisa project
Pharmacology
MSc
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Kobza, John E. "The significance of transients following failures and repairs in packet-switched networks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40098.

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A system composed of unreliable components can experience different levels of performance as its configuration changes due to failures and repairs. One approach used to measure overall system performance is to weight the level of performance measured for each system state by the probability that the system is in that state and then sum across all system states. Many performance measures have a transient behavior following a change in the state of the system. Because of the difficulty associated with transient analysis, the system is often assumed to be in steady state when measuring the performance for each system state. When this approach is used to analyze packet-switched communication networks, which consist of highly reliable high-speed links and switching nodes, it is argued that the steady-state assumption is justified on the basis of the large difference in rates of traffic-related events, such as call completions and packet transmissions, compared to component-related events, such as failures and repairs. To investigate the validity of this assumption, we define lower bounds for the length of the transient phase fol1owing link failures and repairs. For both cases, we obtain a distribution for the length of the lower bound. The transient phase is significant when its length exceeds a given fraction of the time until the next change in network state. Using the distributions for these lengths, we derive an expression for the probability that the transient phase is significant in terms of the amount of traffic on the link and the ratio of the rates for traffic-related events and network state changes. These results show that the difference in rates between traffic-related events and component related events is not enough by itself to justify the steady-state assumption. The amount of traffic carried on the link and the size of the network must also be considered. These results indicate some situations where the steady-state assumption is inappropriate. We also obtain sufficient conditions for transient-phase significance following link failures. Although these results do not indicate when it is safe to use the steady-state assumption, they provide a measure of the risk associated with using it.
Ph. D.
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Jalili, Hassankiadeh Seyedahmad. "Failure analysis of railway switches and crossings for the purpose of preventive maintenance." Thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-52614.

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In the Swedish railway network there are about 12000 units of track switches and crossings, which at 13000 Km, make up about 5.5 percent of the total track length. However, the maintenance cost for S&C is more than 13 percent of the total maintenance cost which is high in comparison with their proportion. The aim of the project is to conduct research into classification of the different modes of failure in S&C components and to perform a statistical analysis to converge the data in order to determine the most important failures that occur in turnouts.
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Luedtke, Elin. "Minimizing Transformer No-Load Losses at Hydropower Plants : A Study of Effects from Transformer Switch-Off During Stand-by Operation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447635.

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Hydropower is the most important power balancing resource in the Swedish electrical power system, regulating the power supply to match the load. Consequently, several hydropower plants have periods of stand-by operation where the power production is absent but where several devices within a plant are still active. Such a device is the step-up power transformer, which during stand-by operation still generates no-load energy losses. These losses can accumulate to a considerable amount of energy and costs during the long technical lifetime of the apparatus. One option to minimize these no-load energy losses is by turning the transformer off when its generating unit is in stand-by operation. However, when this transformer operational change has been explained to experts in the field, the most common response has been that a more frequent reenergizing of a transformer leads to higher risks for errors or transformer breakdowns. This study aimed to analytically investigate three effects from this operational change. First, the potential of fatigue failure for the windings due to the increased sequences of inrush current. Secondly, the thermal cycling as a consequence of change in present losses. Lastly, the energy and economic saving potentials for hydropower plants where this operational adjustment is applied. The study used both established as well as analytical tools explicitly created for this study. These were then applied on currently active transformers in different plant categories in Fortum’s hydropower fleet.  The study primarily showed three things. Firstly, risk of fatigue failure due to the increased presence of inrush currents did not affect the transformer’s technical lifetime. Secondly, the thermal cycling changes were slightly larger with absent no-load losses during stand-by operation. The average temperature for the transformer decreased, which in general is seen as a positive indicator for a longer insulation lifetime and thus the transformer’s technical lifetime. Finally, the created frameworks showed the potential of saving energy and money for all plant categories, where the potential grew with the installed production capacity and the stand-by operation timeshare. Despite the simplifications made to describe the complex reality of a transformer operating in a hydropower plant, this thesis contributes to lay a foundation for future investigation of an easy adjustment to avoid unnecessary energy losses and costs for transformers in hydropower plants.
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Sack, Michael N. "The energy substrate switch during cardiac development, with the onset of cardiac hypertrophy and the transition to heart failure. : delineation and characterisation of gene regulatory mechanisms : "changing concepts of metabolic regulation in the h." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3457.

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Dou, Zhifeng. "Sûreté de fonctionnement des convertisseurs - Nouvelles structures de redondances pour onduleurs sécurisés à tolérance de pannes." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0096/document.

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Au sein d'un convertisseur la défaillance d'un composant de puissance est un événement critique tant par le risque d'explosion du boitier et sa propagation au sein du système (forte énergie stockée dans l'alimentation) que par l'interruption de service qui en découle (systèmes embarqués, systèmes de production en flux tendu). Ce mémoire de thèse propose un ensemble de solutions nouvelles portant sur la problématique de l'isolement ultime de défauts "derniers secours" d'une part, et sur la connexion "automatique" et à faible "coût" d'un circuit en secours. L'objectif de cette approche globale est de concilier "sécurité électrique absolue" et "continuité de service" pour les systèmes de conversion sensibles devant être intégrés au coeur des applications critiques. Le premier chapitre et son annexe permettent de rappeler les causes et les conséquences des défauts internes au sein d'une structure de base d'onduleur à deux niveaux de tension, laquelle fait l'objet de nombreuses simulations de modes dégradés en configuration variateur de vitesse sur machine synchrone. De cette analyse il ressort qu'une structure d'isolement symétrique à deux voies couplées, placées sur les pôles du bus DC, à déclenchement spontané (fusible) et/ou commande (rupteur), est à même de sécuriser toutes les mailles du circuit, de façon modulaire et non intrusive
In all these traditional industries, or in more sensitive sectors and high technology, it appears that the safe operation of power systems becomes a critical and strategic area essential. In the area of application that focuses, design dependability and now rests primarily on an approach to reliability of components used, the use of close protection, monitoring alarms and management stop / reset / recovery. In our view, this approach is incomplete quickly when electrical safety and absolute continuity of a permanent mission should be carried out simultaneously in the presence of an internal failure of sensitive functions for low and medium power (eg, orders and bodies actuation of vehicles) or highly critical (nuclear). In this area, topologies and failure modes are at the heart of the problem. In this paper, we will focus primarily on the inverters and choppers structures at two levels of voltage (single-cell arm, <1kV), with simple configuration and multiphase parallel, although the concepts are presented, as examples, partially extrapolated to the structures of three voltage levels (arms multicellular) and rectifier (low-frequency phase control and high-frequency switching PWM). We will highlight the need to limit the intensity of these failures and to electrically isolate the defective cell and symmetrically of this inverter by multipole devices, passive or spontaneous breaking mixed cut ordered in the form of fuses integrated and distributed of multi-channel passive isolators, to imagine and develop. We will show that this process of isolation of the last backup is needed to connect, form series or parallel to the defective cell, a cell rescue in passive redundancy. The cell structure backup connection pooled by spontaneous (automatic) is especially promising as detailed in our eyes because of its simplicity and its integrability. Next, we present the isolation technologies fuse (not included, miniatures, CMS and multilayer chip fuse), their characteristics, their current limitations and operating in a switching cell test. A methodology and design of symmetrical two-way fuse (dual-fuse) on FR4 PCB - Copper will be presented in Comsol ™ and evaluated initially in static thermal IR. A passive two-way switch, relatively original material for integrating energy embedded in FR4 substrate, will be presented and fully dimensioned plans on electrical, thermal and mechanical also using finite element simulations in Comsol ™. Another aspect of exploratory analysis, mainly experimental, or to characterize the failure modes of bullets and casings ultimate power compared between the technologies of encapsulation by epoxy resin (standard discrete case) and a silicone gel (module) is provided under conditions of stress controlled and reproducible. This step is necessary to characterize the resistive mode of a chip based on faulty stresses and stability over time of the residual strength according to the nature of the encapsulant, ie the very sustainability of this failure mode. A mixed-encapsulant resin - gel will be presented and characterized, providing an excellent compromise for medium power applications. Positive results and little known today, will allow us to exploit in the next chapter, this property of stable ohmic mode of the chip failed in a structure to aid automated connection series interesting. In the end, we will detail the demonstrator prototype and introduced to the context with which we will validate the isolation structures and prototypes fuses the property of stable ohmic mode highlighted in the aspect of technological analysis of selected devices. These results allow us to refine the solutions adopted for specifications and guide future management strategy of defects whether internal or external to the topology. Supervisor digital device - sensor for the detection and reconfiguration of internal control orders will be assessed
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Soares, Nielson. "Técnicas de aprendizado de máquina não supervisionado para a prevenção de falhas em máquinas de chave." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6513.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
As máquinas de chave são equipamentos eletromecânicos de grande importância em uma malha ferroviária. A ocorrência de falhas nesses equipamentos pode ocasionar interrupções das ferrovias e acarretar potenciais prejuízos econômicos. Assim, um diagnóstico precoce dessas falhas pode representar uma redução de custos e um aumento de produtividade. Essa dissertação tem como objetivo propor um modelo preditivo, baseado em técnicas de inteligência computacional, para a solução desse problema. A metodologia aplicada compreende o uso de técnicas de extração e seleção de características baseada em testes de hipóteses e modelos de aprendizado de máquina não supervisionado. O modelo proposto foi testado em uma base de dados disponibilizada por uma empresa ferroviária brasileira e se mostrou eficiente ao constatar como críticas as operações realizadas próximas à operação classificada como falha.
Railroad switch machines are important electromechanical equipment in a railway network, and the occurrence of failures in such equipment can cause railroad interruptions and lead to potential economic losses. Thus, an early diagnosis of these failures can represent a reduction of costs and an increase in productivity. This dissertation aims to propose a predictive model, based on computational intelligence techniques, to solve this problem. The applied methodology includes the use of features extraction and selection techniques based on hypothesis tests and unsupervised machine learning models. The proposed model was tested in a database made available by a Brazilian railway company and proved to be efficient when considering as critical the operations performed close to the operation classified as failure.
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Woolston, C. P. "A method of increasing capacity of an electricity distribution network through predictive modelling and intelligent protection." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36121/1/36121_Woolston_2000.pdf.

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This thesis describes the development of a software system which was implemented by the South East Queensland Electricity Board Australia (SEQEB). The software uses temperature probes and mathematical modelling to continuously determine maximum current carrying capacity of underground feeders. It identifies other plant capable of modelling (such as Transformers) and develops a higher level software architecture for which models may be integrated and with which automated overload verification and plant protection may be achieved. The usefulness of this software is that it permits higher currents than usual to be conveyed along cables and allows SEQEB to provide less cabling and still provide the same amount of power, achieving cost benefits. The new software runs over the existing Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system (SCADA) and because of this, the thesis carries out an appraisal of several commercial SCADA products. This thesis describes the development of the cable-modelling algorithm, the higher level software architecture and describes the design, development and commissioning of this software within South East Electricity Boards' Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System.
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Books on the topic "Switch failures"

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Fransman, Martin. Japanese failure in a high-tech industry?: The case of central office telecommunications switches. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, Institute for Japanese-European Technology Studies, 1991.

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The Darkfall Switch. Robert Hale & Company, 2011.

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J, Foley W., U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. Division of Operational Events Assessment., and Parameter Inc, eds. Closeout of IE bulletin 85-03: Motor-operated valve common mode failures during plant transients due to improper switch settings. Washington, DC: Division of Operational Events Assessment, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1990.

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J, Ewell J., Hinsdale L. W, McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company--Houston Division., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Independent Orbiter assessment: Assessment of the backup flight system FMEA/CIL. [Houston, Tex: McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company, 1988.

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W, Hinsdale L., Mielke R. W, McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company--Houston Division., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Independent Orbiter assessment: Analysis of the backup flight system. Houston, Tex: McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company, Houston Division, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Switch failures"

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Guzman, Daniela Narezo, Edin Hadzic, Benjamin Baasch, Judith Heusel, Thorsten Neumann, Gerrit Schrijver, Douwe Buursma, and Jörn C. Groos. "Anomaly Detection and Forecasting Methods Applied to Point Machine Monitoring Data for Prevention of Railway Switch Failures." In Advances in Asset Management and Condition Monitoring, 307–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57745-2_26.

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Muthumanikandan, V., C. Valliyammai, and B. Swarna Deepa. "Switch Failure Detection in Software-Defined Networks." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 155–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1882-5_13.

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Weik, Martin H. "failure fraction automatically switched." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 570. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_6773.

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Zhang, Xiaolong, Rengbo Yang, Guangfeng Guo, and Junxing Zhang. "Sensor Failure Detection Based on Programmable Switch and Machine Learning." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 514–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78612-0_41.

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Sui, Qian, Haihong Cao, Wei Yu, Hui Cao, Meilin Xiao, Yan Zhang, and Yong Hu. "Analysis of Cruise Failure Caused by Multi-function Steering Wheel Switch." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 1069–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7945-5_79.

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Mee, R. B. B. "Arterial Switch for Right Ventricular Failure Following Mustard or Senning Operations." In Reoperations in Cardiac Surgery, 217–32. London: Springer London, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1688-2_16.

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Lee, Chengkuo, Bo Woon Soon, and You Qian. "MEMS/NEMS Switches with Silicon to Silicon (Si-to-Si) Contact Interface." In Materials and Failures in MEMS and NEMS, 173–99. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119083887.ch5.

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Dong, Shanling, Zheng-Guang Wu, and Peng Shi. "Reliable Control of Fuzzy Systems with Quantization and Switched Actuator Failures." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 11–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35566-1_2.

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Al-Haik, M., H. Sumali, S. Trinkle, and J. M. Redmond. "Nanocharacterization of Gold/ Gold Contact Surface Failure in Mems Contact Switches." In Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures, 621–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6239-1_308.

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Pravin Renold, A., and B. Venkatalakshmi. "IoT-Based Decision Support System for Health Monitoring of Induction Motors." In Emerging Trends in Wireless Sensor Networks [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103727.

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An electrical motor is a common device that is used for a variety of electrical purposes. Because of their wide range of applications, motors that are both reliable and long-lasting are in high demand. Motors are prone to a variety of faults, including rotor bar breaking faults, short turn faults, bearing outrace faults, and so on. Unexpected faults or failures in these motors reduce workplace productivity. The time it takes to resolve the issues reduces the organization’s profit. Bearing failures account for approximately 42% of all faults. Due to continuous operation, the shape of the majority of electrical motors with rolling bearings becomes disproportional. This causes the motor’s elastic limit to be exceeded, as well as fractures, vibrations, and a rise in temperature. A good solution is to switch from scheduled maintenance to predictive maintenance, which is based on monitoring the motor’s operating condition. This chapter proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-based solution that continuously monitors and records the vibration from the induction motor. A decision support system analyzes the impact of vibration using log data and the Naïve Bayes classifier. The proposed decision support system detects the critical level of vibration and notifies the user of the motor’s abnormal working condition.
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Conference papers on the topic "Switch failures"

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Yeo, Seung Min, Spyros I. Tseregounis, Andreas A. Polycarpou, Adam Fruehling, and Dimitrios Peroulis. "Analysis of Topographical Changes and Adhesion Failures in Gold-to-Gold Metal RF MEMS Switches With Cycling." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15120.

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Topographical changes within the contact area as a function of cycling could be a critical factor causing failure and reliability issues in RF MEMS switch operation. In this paper, gold-to-gold contact, cantilever-type RF MEMS switches were tested (cold-switching mode) for different number of cycles, namely, 10, 102, 103, 104, 105, and 106. After the cycling tests, the contact area of each switch was scanned using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to quantify the exact gold-to-gold contact surface changes, leading to adhesion failures (at about 106 cycles). Detailed roughness analysis was carried out to better quantify topographical changes on the contact surface and relate them to failures. It was found that the material transfer from the top beam to the bottom substrate was dominant, and observed after only few cycles. Adhesion failure of gold-to-gold contact switches could be attributed to large protrusions formed on the bottom surface as the switch cycles over 105 times.
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Bryan, Kaylen J., Mitchell Solomon, Emily Jensen, Christina Coley, Kailas Rajan, Charlie Tian, Nenad Mijatovic, et al. "Classification of Rail Switch Data Using Machine Learning Techniques." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6175.

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Rail switches are critical infrastructure components of a railroad network, that must maintain high-levels of reliable operation. Given the vast number and variety of switches that can exist across a rail network, there is an immediate need for robust automated methods of detecting switch degradations and failures without expensive add-on equipment. In this work, we explore two recent machine learning frameworks for classifying various switch degradation indicators: (1) a featureless recurrent neural network called a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architecture, and (2), the Deep Wavelet Scattering Transform (DWST), which produces features that are locally time invariant and stable to time-warping deformations. We describe both methods as they apply to rail switch monitoring and demonstrate their feasibility on a dataset captured under the service conditions by Alstom Corporation. For multiple categories of degradation types, the baseline models consistently achieve near-perfect accuracies and are competitive with the manual analysis conducted by human switch-maintenance experts.
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Kundu, R., and R. D. Blanton. "ATPG for noise-induced switch failures in domino logic." In ICCAD-2003. International Conference on Computer Aided Design. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccad.2003.159763.

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Schladitz, Markus, Robert Adam, and Steffen Großmann. "Calculation of the temperature distribution in heated switch points." In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.991.

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Snow and ice can accumulate between the moveable parts of a switch point during the winter season. As a result he point cannot be switched anymore. In order to prevent failures and delays of trains, switch points are heated. Electrical heating rods shall ensure the melting of snow and ice in the critical areas of a point. Practical experiences have shown that this is not always possible. A calculation model for the heating of a point has to be set up in order to investigate the effectivity of switch point heating systems. Besides that, various ambient factors (such as ambient temperature, wind, precipitation) reduce the heating of the point. However, the extent of impact of the weather conditions on the heating remains to be investigated. Therefore, it is important to study their thermal influence and implement it into the calculation model. The Thermal Network Method (TNM) is suitable in this case. Initially the single main components of a switch point will be set up in separate networks. After a verification with experimental setups, the separate networks can be connected to each other. An experimental setup of an entire model point gives the opportunity to compare calculated and measured heating results without the influence of weather conditions. Finally, the ambient conditions can be implemented into the TNM model by performing field tests. The finished model can give high-resolution temperature information for different heating powers, ambient temperatures, wind velocities, rain and snowfall. According to the practical experience of various railway companies the temperature distribution is calculated for different parameter scenarios and subsequently evaluated regarding its effectivity to prevent failures.
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Rivera, M. J., J. Costantine, Y. Tawk, and C. G. Christodoulou. "Detection of failures in switch reconfigurable antenna arrays using embedded sensing lines." In 2012 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aps.2012.6347989.

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Mercado, Lei L., Shun-Meen Kuo, Tien-Yu Tom Lee, and Russ Lee. "Process-Induced Thermal Effect on Packaging Yield of RF MEMS Switches." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39266.

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RF MEMS switches offer significant performance advantages in high frequency RF applications. The switches are actuated by electrostatic force when voltage was applied to the electrodes. Such devices provide high isolation when open and low contact resistance when closed. However, during the packaging process, there are various possible failure modes that may affect the switch yield and performance. The RF MEMS switches were first placed in a package and went through lid seal at 320°C. The assembled packages were then attached to a printed circuit board at 220°C. During the process, some switches failed due to electrical shorting. More interestingly, more failures were observed at the lower temperature of 220°C rather than 320°C. The failure mode was associated with the shorting bar and the cantilever design. Finite element simulations and simplified analytical solutions were used to understand the mechanics driving the behaviors. Simulation results have shown excellent agreement with experimental observations and measurements. Various solutions in package configurations were explored to overcome the hurdles in MEMS packaging and achieve better yield and performance.
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Dagli, Mehmet, Selcuk Keskin, Yagmur Yigit, and Adem Kose. "Resiliency Analysis of ONOS and Opendaylight SDN Controllers Against Switch and Link Failures." In 2020 Fifth International Conference on Research in Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (ICRCICN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icrcicn50933.2020.9296200.

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Adams, George G. "Tribology Issues in the Operation of a Microswitch: A Tutorial." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15192.

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Microswitches have the potential to be used in numerous applications [1]. Microswitches are slower and currently less reliable than semiconductor switches. However they have the advantage of reduced power consumption, less insertion loss, and better isolation. The operation of a microswitch involves many interesting phenomena which will be reviewed. In an electrostatically actuated switch a voltage difference is applied between the beam and the gate. The resulting electrostatic force pulls the beam toward the gate such that its tip contacts the drain and completes the circuit. However the momentum of the beam causes it to deflect further, even after the tip is in contact with the drain. This stored elastic energy can be sufficient to cause the tip to separate from the drain resulting in what is often referred to as “contact bounce” [2]. Contact bounce causes several problems. First the switch cannot be used until the bouncing has stopped, thus increasing the effective time-to-closure. Second the tip and drain are subjected to more mechanical open-close contacts than are intended. Third the impact force between the tip and drain can be several times greater than the force in the closed position. These last two phenomena can prematurely degrade the contact surfaces. Attempts have been made to tailor the actuation voltage in order to reduce both the impact force and contact bounce [3]. Switches can fail in either of two failure modes. In one mode the contact resistance decreases with cycling. This behavior, while seemingly not a problem, is symptomatic of the contact being cleaned due to repeated contacts (i.e. “contact scrub” as it is known in the industry). As the resistance decreases the force of adhesion increases between these clean metal-to-metal contacts, eventually causing the switch to stick shut when the restoring force in the beam is insufficient to pull the contacts apart [4]. Another failure mechanism is a steady increase in contact resistance until the point at which the switch is no longer useable. These failures are attributable to the growth of contamination in the form of a friction polymer on the contacting surfaces [5]. Another measure of switch performance is intermodulation distortion which quantifies the distortion of a pair of harmonic RF signals with nearly equal frequencies. The beating between two such components causes the power to vary relatively slowly, i.e. at the beat frequency. This beat frequency may be sufficiently close to the thermal response time of the switch leading to distortion and false signals in the frequency range of interest [6].
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Adams, George G., Nicol E. McGruer, Lei Chen, Yan Du, and Z. J. Guo. "Contact Failure Mechanisms in Ohmic-Type MEMS Switches." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44265.

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In this paper, we present some current research issues in contact failures in ohmic RF MEMS microswitches. Such experimental and modeling research encompasses contact mechanics (including elastic, plastic, and adhesive contacts) and the related phenomena of brittle and ductile separation. Furthermore the contact interface is not static, but rather is known to evolve over the lifetime of the switch. Also discussed are contamination failures.
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Zheng, Ruqiang, Xin Yin, Sai Tang, Chao Zhang, Daming Wang, Jun Wang, and Z. John Shen. "Detection of Power Switch Failures Using Discrete Fourier Transform for DC-DC Flying Capacitor Multilevel Converters." In 2020 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apec39645.2020.9124580.

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Reports on the topic "Switch failures"

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Osadchyi, Viacheslav, Hanna Varina, Evgeniy Prokofiev, Iryna Serdiuk, and Svetlana Shevchenko. Use of AR/VR Technologies in the Development of Future Specialists' Stress Resistance: Experience of STEAM-Laboratory and Laboratory of Psychophysiological Research Cooperation. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4455.

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The scientific article deals with the analysis of peculiarities of the use of innovative AR/VR technologies in the process of developing future special- ists’ stress resistance. Based on the analysis of the introduction of AR/VR tech- nologies in the context of the implementation of a competency-based approach to higher education; modern studies on the impact of augmented reality on the emotional states and physiological features of a person in a stressful situation, the experience of cooperation of students and teachers at the Laboratory of Psy- chophysiological Research and STEAM-Laboratory has been described. Within the framework of the corresponding concept of cooperation, an integrative ap- proach to the process of personality’s stress resistance development has been designed and implemented. It is based on the complex combination of tradition- al psycho-diagnostic and training technologies with innovative AR/VR technol- ogies. According to the results it has been revealed that the implementation of a psycho-correction program with elements of AR technologies has promoted an increase of the level of personality’s emotional stability and stress resistance. The level of future specialists’ situational and personal anxiety has decreased; the level of insecurity, inferiority, anxiety about work, sensitivity to failures has also decreased; the level of flexibility of thinking and behavior, ability to switch from one type of activity to another one has increased; general level of person- ality’s adaptive abilities has also increased. The perspectives of further research include the analysis of the impact of AR/VR technologies on the future profes- sionals’ psychological characteristics in order to optimize the process of im- plementing a learner-centered approach into the system of higher education.
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Kompella, K., G. Swallow, N. Kumar, S. Aldrin, and M. Chen. Detecting Multiprotocol Label Switched (MPLS) Data-Plane Failures. Edited by C. Pignataro. RFC Editor, March 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc8029.

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Kompella, K., and G. Swallow. Detecting Multi-Protocol Label Switched (MPLS) Data Plane Failures. RFC Editor, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4379.

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