Relevant bibliographies by topics / Switch controls

Academic literature on the topic 'Switch controls'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Switch controls"

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Iqbal, Amjad, Amor Smida, Nazih Mallat, Ridha Ghayoula, Issa Elfergani, Jonathan Rodriguez, and Sunghwan Kim. "Frequency and Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna for Emerging Wireless Communication Systems." Electronics 8, no. 4 (April 7, 2019): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8040407.

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A printed and minimal size antenna having the functionality of frequency shifting as well as pattern reconfigurability is presented in this work. The antenna proposed in this work consists of three switches. Switch 1 is a lumped switch that controls the operating bands of the antenna. Switch 2 and Switch 3 controls the beam switching of the antenna. When the Switch 1 is ON, the proposed antenna operates at 3.1 GHz and 6.8 GHz, covering the 2.5–4.2 GHz and 6.2–7.4 GHz bands, respectively. When Switch 1 is OFF, the antenna operates only at 3.1 GHz covering the 2.5–4.2 GHz band. The desired beam from the antenna can be obtained by adjusting the ON and OFF states of Switches 2 and 3. Unique beams can be obtained by different combination of ON and OFF states of the Switches 2 and 3. A gain greater than 3.7 dBi is obtained for all four cases.
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Pedini, Giorgia, and Claudia Bagni. "Epigenetic switch controls social actions." Neuron 110, no. 7 (April 2022): 1085–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.03.028.

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Sumner, Seirian, and Solenn Patalano. "A switch that controls cells also controls insects." New Scientist 214, no. 2866 (May 2012): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(12)61351-7.

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Knight, Kathryn. "Brain switch controls glow-worm light." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 15 (August 1, 2020): jeb232835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.232835.

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Mayr, Ulrich, Jörn Diedrichsen, Richard Ivry, and Steven W. Keele. "Dissociating Task-set Selection from Task-set Inhibition in the Prefrontal Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892906775250085.

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Patients with focal lesions in the left (n = 7) and right (n = 4) prefrontal cortex were compared with controls (n = 16) in a task-switching experiment using four different, simple spatial tasks. Each of these tasks involved a left-right decision, either regarding an arrow, the word “left” or “right”, a circle position, or the direction of a moving line. We compared performance on trials that required rule switches versus rule repetitions (local switch costs) and we compared performance between blocks with bivalent stimuli (two dimensions present) and blocks with univalent stimuli (only one dimension present) to assess global switch costs. Patients with left prefrontal lesions, but not patients with right prefrontal lesions, exhibited increased costs on trials in which the relevant dimension switched (local switch costs), but also on no-switch trials with bivalent stimuli (global costs). We also assessed task-set inhibition in the form of the backward-inhibition effect [increased response times to recently abandoned tasks; Mayr, U., & Keele, S. Changing internal constraints on action: The role of backward inhibition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 129, 4-26, 2000]. Although left frontal patients showed normal inhibition, right frontal patients showed no evidence for inhibition. These results suggest a neurocognitive dissociation between task-set selection and inhibition.
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Esposito, Daniela, Emanuele Bobbio, Rosa Di Fraia, Pasquale Mone, Giacomo Accardo, Annamaria De Bellis, Sergio Iorio, et al. "Patients with adrenal insufficiency have cardiovascular features associated with hypovolemia." Endocrine 70, no. 2 (August 19, 2020): 412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02458-3.

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Abstract Context Patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) have excess mortality and morbidity, mainly due to cardiovascular (CV) diseases. The mechanisms for this is unclear. Objective To assess CV structure and function in AI patients on conventional replacement therapy and after switching to once-daily, modified-release hydrocortisone (OD-HC) in comparison with healthy matched controls. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of 17 adult AI patients (11 with primary AI, 6 with secondary AI) on stable replacement with cortisone acetate [median (minimum, maximum) 33.5 (12.5–50) mg] and, if needed, fludrocortisone [0.1 (0.05–0.2) mg], and 17 healthy matched controls. Ten patients were switched to an equivalent dose of OD-HC. Data from echocardiography, 24 h Holter-ECG and 24 h blood pressure monitoring were collected at baseline and 6 months after the switch to OD-HC. Results At baseline, AI patients had smaller left ventricular diastolic diameter (47.1 ± 4.2 vs. 51.6 ± 2.3 mm; P = 0.001) and left atrial diameter (34.9 ± 4.7 vs. 38.2 ± 2.6 cm; P = 0.018), and a higher ejection fraction (62.5 ± 6.9% vs. 56.0 ± 4.7%; P = 0.003) than controls. AI patients had lower nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure than controls (108 ± 15 mmHg vs. 117 ± 8 mmHg; P = 0.038 and 65 ± 9 mmHg vs. 73 ± 7 mmHg; P = 0.008, respectively). After the switch to OD-HC, nocturnal diastolic blood pressure normalised. No significant changes were observed in echocardiographic and Holter-ECG parameters following the switch. Conclusions AI patients on conventional treatment display cardiovascular abnormalities that could be related to hypovolemia. Switch to OD-HC seems to have beneficial effect on blood pressure profile, but no effect on cardiovascular structure and function.
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SCHMITTER-EDGECOMBE, MAUREEN, and CHAD SANDERS. "Task switching in mild cognitive impairment: Switch and nonswitch costs." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 15, no. 1 (January 2009): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617708090140.

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AbstractThe ability to switch rapidly and fluidly between tasks is an important component of many everyday activities. In this study, we used a predictable, externally cued task-switching paradigm to investigate executive control processes in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants were 26 individuals with amnestic MCI and 26 healthy older adult (OA) controls. In the mixed-task trials, participants switched between classifying whether a digit was odd/even or a letter was a consonant/vowel on every fourth trial. In the single-task trials, participants completed only the digit task or letter task throughout the entire block. Task switching costs were decomposed into nonswitch costs, which reflect the dual nature of the task, and switch costs, which reflect set-shifting abilities. The results revealed that the MCI group was not affected more than the healthy OAs by the requirement of keeping two tasks sets active in working memory (nonswitch costs). In contrast, the cost of switching between the two tasks was significantly greater for the MCI group compared with the OA controls (switch costs). Future research is needed to better understand the nature and implications for daily living of the greater switch costs found for individuals with MCI. (JINS, 2009, 15, 103–111.)
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Wu, Lindsay E., and David A. Sinclair. "SIRT 2 controls the pentose phosphate switch." EMBO Journal 33, no. 12 (May 13, 2014): 1287–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15252/embj.201488713.

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Chaneton, Barbara, and Eyal Gottlieb. "PGAMgnam Style: A Glycolytic Switch Controls Biosynthesis." Cancer Cell 22, no. 5 (November 2012): 565–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2012.10.014.

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ROTKIN, SLAVA V., and ILYA ZHAROV. "NANOTUBE LIGHT-CONTROLLED ELECTRONIC SWITCH." International Journal of Nanoscience 01, no. 03n04 (June 2002): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x02000280.

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A novel carbon nanotube electronic device is proposed: a light-controlled electronic switch. A charged molecule has been designed for a noncovalent modification of the nanotube. Photon absorption by the molecule results in nanomechanical switching of the charge position which controls the electron/hole transport through the nanotube.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Switch controls"

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Örjegård, Johan. "Wireless control of wall switches : A module that controls your existing wall switch with an application." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33102.

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In this project a home-automation-solution is developed that wirelessly can control an existing wall switch with an application from a smart device. The purpose of the project is to develop a new solution that doesn’t require any electrical knowledge to mount the solution. Exiting solutions for controlling a switch require a module that is connected in series with the switch. The project will develop a module that can be mounted next to the selected wall switches to control them without electrical connection to the AC-voltage of the switch. Instead there is a servo that physically press the switch that is controlled. The servo motor is controlled wirelessly via Bluetooth Low Energy using an Android application, thus, a force is applied to the switch to turn on or off. A rechargeable lithium battery of 3.7 volts powers the whole module. Therefore, a "power-board" was developed that step up the voltage to 5 V. There are also components on the board that manage battery charging via microUSB. The Android application communicates via a Bluetooth Low Energy module that is mounted on a CPU board and has been developed and specifically manufactured to fit into the project. Both the power-board and processor-board is developed from own drawings and PCB layouts, and made with a manual etching method. The chassis has also been designed and manufactured with a 3D printer. The chassis holds all circuit boards, battery and a mount for the servo. The result is a working prototype that can be mounted on a switch and then operate the switch within the range of BLE. The prototype has a run time of each charging cycle of about 60 days under conditions that it is operated, on average, three times per day.
I detta projekt utvecklas en hemautomationslösning som kan styra befintliga väggströmbrytare trådlöst via en applikation från en smart enhet. Syftet med projektet är att utveckla en ny lösning där det inte krävs någon elinstallationskunskap för att montera lösningen. Dagens lösningar för att trådlöst styra en strömbrytare kräver att en modul kopplas in i serie med strömbrytaren. I projektet utvecklas en modul som kan monteras bredvid utvalda strömbrytare för styrning av dem utan att behöva ansluta sig galvaniskt till brytarens starkström. I stället sitter en servomotor i modulen som fysiskt trycker på den strömbrytare som skall styras. Servomotorn kan styras trådlöst via Bluetooth Low Energy med hjälp av en androidapplikation, på så sätt appliceras en kraft på brytarvippan och slå på eller av den. Hela modulen är strömförsörjd av ett laddningsbart litiumbatteri på 3,7 volt. Därför har ett spänningskort utvecklats som växlar upp spänningen till 5 V. På spänningskortet finns även komponenter som hanterar laddning av batteriet via microUSB. Applikationen kommunicerar via en BLE-modul som i sin tur sitter monterad på ett processorkort som har utvecklats och tillverkas speciellt för att passa in i detta projekt. Både spänningskortet och processorkortet är utvecklade ifrån egna ritningar och PCB-layouter samt tillverkade med en manuell etsningsmetod. Ett chassi har också konstruerats och tillverkats med en 3D-skrivare. Chassit rymmer alla kretskorten, batteriet och har ett motorfäste för montering av servomotorn. Resultat har blivit en fungerande prototyp som kan monteras på en strömbrytare och därefter manövrera brytaren inom den räckvidd som BLE klarar av. Prototypen har en drifttid på cirka 60 dagar under förutsättningar att den manövreras i genomsnitt vid tre tillfällen per dygn.
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Yan, Yingyi. "Unified Three-terminal Switch Model for Current Mode Controls." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35647.

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Current-mode control architectures with different implementation approaches have been an indispensable technique in many applications, such as voltage regulator, power factor correction, battery charger and LED driver. Since the inductor current ramp, one of state variables influenced by the input voltage and the output voltage, is used in the modulator in current-mode control without any low pass filter, high order harmonics play important role in the feedback control. This is the reason for the difficulty in obtaining the small-signal model for current-mode control in the frequency domain. A continuous time domain model was recently proposed as a successful model for current-mode control architectures with different implementation. However, the model was derived by describing function method, which is very arithmatically complicated, not to mention time consuming. Although an equivalent circuit for a current mode control Buck converter was proposed to help designers to use the model without involving complicated math, the equivalent circuit is not a complete model. Moreover, no equivalent circuit for other topologies is available for designers. In this thesis, the primary objective is to develop a unified three-terminal switch model for current-mode control with different implementation methods, which are applicable in all the current mode control power converters. First, the existing model for current mode control is reviewed. The limitation of average models and the discrete time model for current-mode control is identified. The continuous time model and its equivalent circuit of Buck converter is introduced. The deficiency of the equivalent circuit is discussed. After that, a unified three-terminal switch model for current mode control is presented. Based on the observation, the PWM switch and the closed current loop is taken as an invariant sub-circuit which is common to different DC/DC converter topologies. A basic small signal relationship between terminal currents is studied and the result shows that the PWM switch with current feedback preserves the property of the PWM switch in power stage. A three-terminal equivalent circuit is developed to represent the small signal behavior of this common sub-circuit. The proposed model is a unified model, which is applicable in both constant frequency modulation and variable frequency modulation. The physical meaning of the three-terminal equivalent circuit model is discussed. The model is verified by SIMPLIS simulation in commonly used converters for both constant frequency modulation and variable frequency modulation. Then, based on the proposed unified model, a comparison between different current mode control implementations is presented. In different applications, different implementations have their unique benefit on extending control bandwidth. The properties of audio susceptibility and output impedance are discussed. It is found that, for adaptive voltage positioning design, constant on-time current mode control can simplifies the outer loop design. Next, since multiphase interleaving structure is widely used in PFC, voltage regulator and other high current applications, the model is extended to multiphase current mode control. Some design concerns are discussed based on the model. As a conclusion, a unified three-terminal switch model for current mode controls is investigated. The proposed model is quite general and not limited by implementation methods and topologies. All the modeling results are verified through simulation and experiments.
Master of Science
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Hudson, Christopher Allen. "Single-Phase, Single-Switch, Sensorless Switched Reluctance Motor Drive Utilizing a Minimal Artificial Neural Net." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34735.

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Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have proved to be useful in approximating non- linear systems in many applications including motion control. ANNs advocated in switched reluctance motor (SRM) control typically have a large number of neurons and several layers which impedes their real time implementation in embedded sys- tems. Real time estimation at high speeds using these ANNs is diffcult due to the high number of operations required to process the ANN controller. An insuffcient availability of time between two sampling intervals limits the available computation time for both processing the neural net and the other functions required for the motor drive. One ideal application of ANNs in SRM control is rotor position estimation. Due to reliability issues, elimination of the rotor position sensors is absolutely required for high volume, high speed and low cost applications of SRM's. ANNs provide a means by which drive designers can implement position sensorless drive technology that is both robust and easily implemented. It is demonstrated that a new and novel ANN configuration can be implemented for accurate rotor position estimation in a sensorless SRM drive. Consisting of just 4 neurons, the neural estimator is the smallest of its kind for SRM rotor position estimation. The breakthrough that provided the reduction was the addition of a non- linear input. Typical input spaces for SRM position neural estimators consist of both current,and fux-linkage. The neural network was trained on-line using these inputs and a third, non-linear input provided by a preprocessed product of the two typical inputs.
Master of Science
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Zheng, Hong. "Identification of a Transcription Factor that Controls the Angiogenic Switch." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13196.

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Chez les mammifères adultes, l'angiogenèse se limite à des situations pathologiques telles que les tumeurs ou la cicatrisation, ainsi qu'à des processus naturels tel que le cycle menstruel. Pendant l'angiogenèse, des facteurs de croissance, secrétés par les cellules normales ou tumorales environnantes, ciblent les cellules endothéliales et rétablissent les capacités de prolifération et de différenciation des cellules endothéliales quiescentes. Une question importante est l'élucidation des circuits intra-cellulaires réglant cette " conversion angiogénique " dans les "cellules environnantes" qui déclenchent les processus pathologiques et physiologiques. Les réponses cellulaires aux facteurs de croissance sont contrôlées par les cascades MAP kinases, qui transduisent les signaux extracellulaires des récepteurs de surface activés par le ligand vers le noyau. Les MAP kinases phosphorylent des effecteurs nucléaires, tels que les Facteurs de Complexe Ternaire (TCF), une sous-famille des facteurs ets impliqués dans la prolifération cellulaire, la différenciation et la transformation,. Net se distingue des autres TCF par son activité de puissant répresseur transcriptionnel dans des conditions basales dans lesquelles les MAP kinases ne sont pas activées. Après activation par la voie Ras/ERK, NET est converti en un régulateur positif de la transcription. Net est exprimé aux stades E7. 5-8. 5 dans le réseau vasculaire en cours de développement, plus particulièrement dans les îlots sanguins du corps jaune, les vaisseaux allantoi͏̈ques, l'endocarde et l'aorte dorsale. Cette expression associée aux structures vasculaires persiste durant toute la vie de l'animal. Afin d'étudier les fonctions de Net in vivo, nous avons généré des souris comportant une mutation ciblée du gène Net. Nous avons : (a) étudié l'angiogenèse induite par la cicatrisation ; (b) examiné différents organes dans lesquels l'angiogenèse se produit naturellement chez l'adulte (utérus et ovaires) ; (c) utilisé des modèles expérimentaux in vitro, ex vivo et in vivo d'angiogenèse et de transformation, et (d) examiné différents types de tumeurs humaines. Notre étude démontre que Net se comporte comme une régulateur "commutateur" de l'angiogenèse, permettant le maintient de l'état quiescent des cellules endothéliales dans des conditions où Net n'est pas activé par les MAP kinases, et agissant comme activateur après phosphorylation par les cascades MAP kinase déclenchées in vivo par les molécules pro-angiogéniques
In adult mammals, angiogenesis is restricted to pathological situations such as tumours and wound healing, and some natural processes such as the female reproductive cycle. During angiogenesis, growth factors, generated by surrounding normal or tumour cells, target on endothelial cells and induce quiescent endothelial cells to proliferate and differentiate. An important unresolved question is which intra-cellular circuits regulate this "angiogenic switch" in the "surrounding cells" those trigger the beginning of the pathological and physiological processes. Cellular responses to growth factors are controlled by MAP kinase cascades, that transduce extracellular signals from ligand-activated cell surface receptors to the nucleus. MAP kinases phosphorylate nuclear effectors, such as the ternary complex factors (TCFs), a sub-family of the ets transcription factors that regulate cellular proliferation, differentiation and transformation. Net differs from the other TCFs in that in basal conditions, in which MAP kinases are not activated, it strongly inhibits transcription. Upon Ras/ERK activation, NET is converted to a positive regulator to activate transcription. Net is expressed at E7. 5-8. 5 in developing vascular primodia, including the yolk sac blood islands, allantoic vessels, heart endocardium and dorsal aortae, and vascular-associated expression persists throughout whole life. In order to study the function of Net in vivo, we generated mice with a targeted disruption of the net gene. We: (a) studied wound healing induced angiogenesis; (b) examined different organs in which angiogenesis occurs naturally in the adult (uterus and ovary); (c) used in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experimental models of angiogenesis and transformation, and (d) examined different types of human tumours. Our studies provide strong evidence that Net behaves as a switch regulator of angiogenesis, which helps to maintain the quiescent state under conditions in which Net is not activated by MAP kinases, and which acts as an activator following induction through phosphorylation by MAP kinase signalling cascades activated by pro-angiogenic molecules in vivo
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Khav, Eddie. "Visualizing an RB-E2F Cellular Switch that Controls Cell Proliferation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297627.

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Mammalian cell proliferation is regulated by an Rb-E2F gene network. The input node of this network, Cyclin D, receives graded growth signals; the output node, E2F, generates an all-or-none response. That is, the Rb-E2F gene network functions as a cellular switch, converting analog growth signals into digital E2F activities. The On or Off of this Rb-E2F switch determines the On or Off of cell proliferation. To help better understand the analog/digital conversion mechanism, we constructed a reporter cell line to visualize the dynamic expression of Cyclin D and E2F genes by red and green fluorescence in individual cells, respectively.
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Sargolzaei, Arman. "Time-Delay Switch Attack on Networked Control Systems, Effects and Countermeasures." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2175.

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In recent years, the security of networked control systems (NCSs) has been an important challenge for many researchers. Although the security schemes for networked control systems have advanced in the past several years, there have been many acknowledged cyber attacks. As a result, this dissertation proposes the use of a novel time-delay switch (TDS) attack by introducing time delays into the dynamics of NCSs. Such an attack has devastating effects on NCSs if prevention techniques and countermeasures are not considered in the design of these systems. To overcome the stability issue caused by TDS attacks, this dissertation proposes a new detector to track TDS attacks in real time. This method relies on an estimator that will estimate and track time delays introduced by a hacker. Once a detector obtains the maximum tolerable time delay of a plant’s optimal controller (for which the plant remains secure and stable), it issues an alarm signal and directs the system to its alarm state. In the alarm state, the plant operates under the control of an emergency controller that can be local or networked to the plant and remains in this stable mode until the networked control system state is restored. In another effort, this dissertation evaluates different control methods to find out which one is more stable when under a TDS attack than others. Also, a novel, simple and effective controller is proposed to thwart TDS attacks on the sensing loop (SL). The modified controller controls the system under a TDS attack. Also, the time-delay estimator will track time delays introduced by a hacker using a modified model reference-based control with an indirect supervisor and a modified least mean square (LMS) minimization technique. Furthermore, here, the demonstration proves that the cryptographic solutions are ineffective in the recovery from TDS attacks. A cryptography-free TDS recovery (CF-TDSR) communication protocol enhancement is introduced to leverage the adaptive channel redundancy techniques, along with a novel state estimator to detect and assist in the recovery of the destabilizing effects of TDS attacks. The conclusion shows how the CF-TDSR ensures the control stability of linear time invariant systems.
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Yan, Yingyi. "Equivalent Circuit Model for Current Mode Controls and Its Extensions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50485.

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Current-mode control architectures have been an indispensable technique in many applications, such as Voltage Regulator, Point-of-load converters, power factor correction, battery charger and LED driver. Since the inductor current ramp is used in the modulator in current-mode control without any low pass filter, high order harmonics play important role in the feedback control. This is the reason for the difficulty in obtaining the small-signal model for current-mode control in the frequency domain. A continuous time domain model was recently proposed as a successful model for current-mode control architectures. However, the model was derived by describing function method, which is very arithmatically complicated, not to mention time consuming.
For the analysis and design of non-linear system, equivalent circuit model, which is user friendly and intuitive, is an effective tool. In this dissertation, the primary objective is to develop a unified three-terminal switch model for current-mode controls using the results of describing function derivation, which characterizes the small signal property of the common subcircuit of current mode controlled PWM converters. Its application is extended to average current mode control, V2 control and other proposed novel current mode control schemes.
First, the existing model for current mode control is reviewed. The limitations of exsiting model for current-mode control are identified. Based on the universal small signal relationship between terminal currents and the results of describing function derivation, a unified three-terminal switch model for current mode control is proposed. A three-terminal equivalent circuit is developed to represent the small signal behavior of this common sub-circuit. The proposed model is applicable in both constant frequency and variable frequency modulation.
After that, the modeling of digital predictive current mode control is presented. Predictive current mode control is one of the promising digital current mode control method featuring fast dynamic response and low sample rate requirement. Many implementations were presented in past ten years. To understand the benefit and the limitation of each implementation, help the engineer to choose the modulation scheme and design the control loop, a small signal Laplace-domain model for digital predictive current mode controls is proposed. The model is extended to the multi-sampled implementation. The modeling result is summarize as the small signal equivalent circuit mode, whose form is consistant with that of analog current mode controls. Based on S-domain model, digital predictive current mode controls are compared with analog implementation to demonstrate the advantages and limitation. Implementation selection guideline and compensation is discussed based on the modeling results.
Then, using the proposed unified model is used in the analysis of average current mode control. Under proper design, the inductor current ripple passes through the current compensator and appears in PWM comparator. It significantly influence the high frequency small signal property of the converter. In chapter 3, the proportional feedback is separated from integral feedback so that the sideband frequency feedback effect can be taken into consideration. It extends the results obtained in peak-current model control to average current mode control. The proposed small signal model is accurate up to half switching frequency, predicting the sub-harmonic instability. Based on the proposed model, a new feedback design guideline is proposed. By designing the external ramp following the proposed design guideline, quality factor of the double poles at half of switching frequency in control-to-output transfer function can be precisely controlled. This helps the feedback design to achieve widest control bandwidth and proper damping.

V2 control is a popular control scheme in Point-of-load converters due to the unique fast transient response. As the output voltage ripple is used as PWM modulation ramp, V2 control has close relationship with current mode control but this relationship was not addressed in the exsiting model. Chapter 4 utilizes the three-terminal switch model to build the equivalent circuit model for V2 control, which clearly shows that V2 control is a particular implementation of current mode control, with proportional capacitor voltage feedback and load current feedback embeded.
The analysis presented in Chapter 3 provides a clear physical understanding of average current mode control. With constant frequency modulation, the control bandwidth is usually limited by the double pole at half of swithcing frequency, especially in the converters with wide duty cycle range. Chapter 5 proposed a novel I2 current mode control to improve the dynamic performance of average current mode control. In particular, constant on-time I2 control eliminates the need of external ramp while the current loop is inherently stable. Moreover, constant on-time modulation improves the light load efficiency.
As a conclusion, this dissertation proposed a unified three-terminal switch model for current mode controls. The application of this equivalent circuit model is extended to average current mode control, V2 control and the novel I2 current mode control. The Laplace-domain model of predictive current mode control is also presented. All the modeling results are verified through simulation and experiments.
Ph. D.
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Sutherland, Caleb, Yunxi Cui, Hanbin Mao, and Laurence H. Hurley. "A Mechanosensor Mechanism Controls the G-Quadruplex/i-Motif Molecular Switch in the MYC Promoter NHE III 1." AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621939.

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MYC is overexpressed in many different cancer types and is an intensively studied oncogene because of its contributions to tumorigenesis. The regulation of MYC is complex, and the NHE III1 and FUSE elements rely upon noncanonical DNA structures and transcriptionally induced negative superhelicity. In the NHE III1 only the G-quadruplex has been extensively studied, whereas the role of the i-motif, formed on the opposite C-rich strand, is much less understood. We demonstrate here that the i-motif is formed within the 4CT element and is recognized by hnRNP K, which leads to a low level of transcription activation. For maximal hnRNP K transcription activation, two additional cytosine runs, located seven bases downstream of the i-motif-forming region, are also required. To access these additional runs of cytosine, increased negative superhelicity is necessary, which leads to a thermodynamically stable complex between hnRNP K and the unfolded i-motif. We also demonstrate mutual exclusivity between the MYC G-quadruplex and i-motif, providing a rationale for a molecular switch mechanism driven by SP1-induced negative superhelicity, where relative hnRNP K and nucleolin expression shifts the equilibrium to the on or off state.
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Farhat, Dayana. "MORC, un régulateur épigénétique au carrefour des trajectoires développementales du parasite T. gondii A MORC-driven transcriptional switch controls Toxoplasma developmental trajectories and sexual commitment." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALV014.

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Toxoplasma gondii est l’agent pathogène responsable de la toxoplasmose, une maladie sans gravité lorsqu'elle est contractée chez un sujet immunocompétent ou en dehors d'une grossesse. Lorsqu’elle est congénitale, la toxoplasmose peut se manifester par des malformations neurologiques sévères et une atteinte de la rétine, pouvant conduire à la cécité. La toxoplasmose peut être aussi gravissime chez le malade immunodéprimé (SIDA - greffes d'organes - thérapies anticancéreuses). Les principaux modes de contamination sont d’origine alimentaire. L’homme se contamine habituellement en ingérant les kystes présents dans les viandes, ou des oocystes provenant des matières fécales d’un chat infecté et souillant les légumes, les fruits ou l’eau. Si la reproduction sexuée constitue un élément central dans la pathogénèse de la toxoplasmose et la transmission du parasite entre les animaux, cette étape clé du cycle parasitaire reste encore mal étudiée à l’échelle moléculaire, en partie dû à la difficulté à cultiver in vitro les formes sexuées ; pour des raisons évidentes d’éthique, l’utilisation de chats est quant à elle restreinte par la législation. Le destin cellulaire d’un parasite est apparemment prédéterminé par des mécanismes épigénétiques modifiant de manière réversible, transmissible et adaptative, l'expression des gènes sans en changer la séquence d’ADN. Nous avons montré que l’épi-drogue FR235222 en inhibant l’enzyme HDAC3 modifie les trajectoires développementales et promeut l’apparition dans les cultures in vitro des formes latentes et sexuées. Au cours de ma thèse j’ai étudié protéine Microrchidia (MORC), initialement identifiée comme un partenaire de HDAC3. Les protéines MORC interviennent dans la réponse aux dommages à l'ADN et la répression des transposons et bien que conservées chez les eucaryotes restent peu étudiées. Nous avons résolu l’interactome spécifique de MORC qui réunit HDAC3 mais aussi plusieurs facteurs de transcription apetala (AP2). L’immunoprécipitation de chromatine de la protéine MORC, couplée au séquençage massif (ChIP-seq), a montré que la protéine MORC co-localise parfaitement avec HDAC3 à la chromatine au voisinage de plus de 1600 gènes dont l’expression est connue pour être restreintes au stades sexués et latents (sporozoites et bradyzoite). L’épuisement de la protéine MORC de manière inductible par le système dégron induit à l’auxine (AID) confirme la répression par MORC des gènes susmentionnés et de leurs protéines. Le phénomène de transition vers les stades sexués est quasi exhaustif et très peu de gènes échappent à cette régulation par MORC. Nous avons montré que MORC est nécessaire à l’adressage à la chromatine de HDAC3, et émettons l’hypothèse que les facteurs AP2 co-purifiés apportent la spécificité de reconnaissante à l’ADN. Nos données montrent également un schéma de régulation beaucoup plus complexe puisque la déplétion de MORC dans les parasites conduit à l’induction de facteurs AP2 dits secondaires qui aurait pour mission de guider les trajectoires développementales et de garantir l’unidirectionnalité du cycle parasitaire, un élément clé de la persistance et de la transmission entre les hôtes définitifs/intermédiaires de Toxoplasma gondii
Toxoplasma gondii has a complex life cycle that is typified by asexual development that takes place in vertebrates, and sexual reproduction, which occurs exclusively in felids and is therefore less studied. The developmental transitions rely on changes in the patterns of gene expression, and recent studies have assigned roles for chromatin shapers, including histone modifications, in establishing specific epigenetic programs for each given stage. Here, we identified the T. gondii microrchidia (MORC) protein as an upstream transcriptional repressor of sexual commitment. MORC, in a complex with Apetala 2 (AP2) transcription factors, was shown to recruit the histone deacetylase HDAC3, thereby impeding the accessibility of chromatin at the genes that are exclusively expressed during sexual stages. We found that MORC-depleted cells underwent marked transcriptional changes, resulting in the expression of a specific repertoire of genes, and revealing a shift from asexual proliferation to sexual differentiation. MORC acts as a master regulator that directs the hierarchical expression of secondary AP2 transcription fac- tors, and these transcription factors potentially contribute to the unidirectionality of the life cycle. Thus, MORC plays a cardinal role in the T. gondii life cycle, and its conditional depletion offers a method to study the sexual development of the parasite in vitro, and is proposed as an alternative to the requirement of T. gondii infections in cats
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Masoud, Khalid Hasan. "Circuits and controls for grid-connected inverters." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.

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Books on the topic "Switch controls"

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1976-, Otoh Saki, Nakamura Tomomi 1977-, and Starr Paul Tuttle, eds. Switch. San Francisco: Viz Media, 2009.

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Ptashne, Mark. A genetic switch: Gene control and phage(lambda). Cambridge, Ma: Cell, 1987.

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Ptashne, Mark. A genetic switch: Gene control and phage [lambda]. Cambridge, Mass: Cell Press, 1987.

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A genetic switch: Gene control and phage [lamda]. Palo Alta., Calif: Cell Press & Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1986.

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Baha, B. Dynamic characterisation and control of resonant switch mode converters. Sheffield: Univeristy of Sheffield, Dept. of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, 1997.

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Zhao, Xudong, Yonggui Kao, Ben Niu, and Tingting Wu. Control Synthesis of Switched Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44830-5.

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Sandhu, John S. Digital control of switch mode power supplies using delta sigma modulation. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1996.

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Switched reluctance motors and their control. Hillsboro, OH: Magna Physics Pub., 1993.

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1968-, Sun Zhendong, ed. Switched linear systems: Control and design. New York: Springer, 2004.

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Gurevich, V. I. Vȳsokovol'tnȳe ustroĭstva avtomatiki na gerkonakh =: High voltage automatic devices with reed switch. [Haifa]: [s.n.], 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Switch controls"

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Weik, Martin H. "switch control statement." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1698. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_18673.

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de Alba, E., F. J. Blanco, M. A. Jiménez, M. Rico, and J. L. Nieto. "An Asn(i)-Asp(i+2) interaction acts as a pH dependent switch that controls β-hairpin formation in a designed linear peptide." In Peptides 1994, 523–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1468-4_236.

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Hale, Ken. "Subject Obviation, Switch Reference, and Control." In Control and Grammar, 51–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7959-9_2.

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Ordiz, M. Isabel, Jaemo Yang, and Roger N. Beachy. "Trait Control (Gene Switch Technology)." In Plant Gene Containment, 67–84. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118352670.ch5.

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Izadi, Milad, Mohammad Farajollahi, and Amir Safdarian. "Switch Deployment in Distribution Networks." In Electric Distribution Network Management and Control, 179–233. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7001-3_8.

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Mahmoud, Magdi S. "Switched Decentralized Control." In Switched Time-Delay Systems, 297–349. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6394-9_10.

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Rincón-Mora, Gabriel Alfonso. "Control Loops." In Switched Inductor Power IC Design, 373–429. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95899-2_7.

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Rincón-Mora, Gabriel Alfonso. "Feedback Control." In Switched Inductor Power IC Design, 307–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95899-2_6.

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Guojian, Zu. "Proper Contactless Switch Selection in Control System." In Advances in Computer Science, Environment, Ecoinformatics, and Education, 434–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23324-1_70.

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Huang, Yuehua, Guangxu Li, and Huanhuan Li. "Wind Power System Simulation of Switch Control." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 737–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01273-5_82.

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Conference papers on the topic "Switch controls"

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Thai, Serey, John E. Malowicki, and Qi Wang Song. "Bacteriorhodopsin optical switch." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing and Controls, edited by Andrew R. Pirich and Michael A. Parker. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.317651.

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Anderson, Ross, and Shailendra Fuloria. "Who Controls the off Switch?" In 2010 1st IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smartgrid.2010.5622026.

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Wu, Ruikun, John D. Myers, and Scott J. Hamlin. "Diode-pumped Er:glass lasers Q-switched by BBO E/O Q-switch and FTIR methods." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing and Controls, edited by Gary W. Kamerman. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.327179.

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Bussjager, Rebecca J., Joseph M. Osman, and Joseph Chaiken. "Nonlinear interface optical switch structure for dual mode switching revisited." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing and Controls, edited by Andrew R. Pirich and Michael A. Parker. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.317654.

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Yan, Yingyi, and Fred C. Lee. "Unified three-terminal switch model for current mode controls." In 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce.2010.5618130.

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Jeong, Su-Heon, Wataru Nakayama, and Sun-Kyu Lee. "Heat Switch to Control the Local Thermal Resistance Using Liquid Pillar Control." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89368.

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This paper presents the heat switch for electronic package to be operated at room temperature. The heat switch controls the thermal resistance between two objective plates using liquid pillar. By forming the liquid pillar, the temperature of the specific area can be controlled locally. In order to realize the desired switch operation, the heat switch should be provided with reservoir, switching channel and breathing channel. The channels are carefully designed to control the liquid pillar precisely. The liquid pillar formation depends on the liquid contact angle. The designed channel geometry can generate hydrophobic surface by using suddenly diverging shape like as capillary stop valve. Thus, the liquid pillar can be created at desired point with high stability. To verify the switch operation, the switch panel was designed and experiments were performed on a designed switch for the liquid pillar control and the heat flow regulation. The experiments show that the heat switch is able to work properly. Also, the temperature distribution and thermal resistance was changed in accordance with channel state as desired. As a result, the heat switch can be a good candidate of thermal management in the commercial electronics packages.
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Yuan-Chih Chang and Chang-Ming Liaw. "Switching and voltage controls for a flyback switch-mode rectifier." In 2008 13th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (EPE/PEMC 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epepemc.2008.4635308.

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Liu, Jianxun, Jinfei Shi, and Fei Hao. "An Improved Firefly Algorithm Based on An Attraction Switch." In 2021 International Symposium on Computer Science and Intelligent Controls (ISCSIC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscsic54682.2021.00070.

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Ravi, Ritesh Kumar. "Energy efficiency of the switch ports." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies and Management for Computing, Communication, Controls, Energy and Materials (ICSTM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icstm.2017.8089145.

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Wen, Jin-Cai, and Ling-Ling Sun. "A variable gain and output power CMOS PA with combination switch controls." In 2010 10th IEEE International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology (ICSICT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsict.2010.5667836.

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Reports on the topic "Switch controls"

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Young, J., and A. Nicholson. Dynamically Switched Link Control Protocol. RFC Editor, March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1307.

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Stuart, Thomas A. A Study of Two Control Methods for Full Bridge Converters: Soft Switch Bypass and Current Mode Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada227136.

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Sanders, Seth R., and George C. Verghese. Lyapunov-Based Control for Switched Power Converters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada221974.

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Prucnal, Paul R. Optically-Processed Routing Control for Fast Packet Switches. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada310063.

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Worster, T., A. Doria, and J. Buerkle. General Switch Management Protocol (GSMP) Packet Encapsulations for Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), Ethernet and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). RFC Editor, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3293.

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Husson, Scott M., Viatcheslav Freger, and Moshe Herzberg. Antimicrobial and fouling-resistant membranes for treatment of agricultural and municipal wastewater. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598151.bard.

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This research project introduced a novel membrane coating strategy to combat biofouling, which is a major problem for the membrane-based treatment of agricultural and municipal wastewaters. The novelty of the strategy is that the membrane coatings have the unique ability to switch reversibly between passive (antifouling) and active (antimicrobial) fouling control mechanisms. This dual-mode approach differs fundamentally from other coating strategies that rely solely on one mode of fouling control. The research project had two complementary objectives: (1) preparation, characterization, and testing of dual-mode polymer nanolayers on planar surfaces and (2) evaluation of these nanolayers as membrane modifiers. The first objective was designed to provide a fundamental understanding of how polymer nanolayer chemistry and structure affect bacterial deposition and to demonstrate the reversibility of chemical switching. The second objective, which focused on membrane development, characterization, and testing, was designed to demonstrate methods for the production of water treatment membranes that couple passive and active biofouling control mechanisms. Both objectives were attained through synergistic collaboration among the three research groups. Using planar silicon and glass surfaces, we demonstrated using infrared spectroscopy that this new polymer coating can switch reversibly between the anti-fouling, zwitterion mode and an anti-microbial, quaternary amine mode. We showed that switching could be done more than 50 times without loss of activity and that the kinetics for switching from a low fouling zwitterion surface to an antimicrobial quaternary amine surface is practical for use. While a low pH was required for switching in the original polymer, we illustrated that by slightly altering the chemistry, it is possible to adjust the pH at which the switching occurs. A method was developed for applying the new zwitterionic surface chemistry onto polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes. Bacteria deposition studies showed that the new chemistry performed better than other common anti-fouling chemistries. Biofilm studies showed that PESultrafiltration membranes coated with the new chemistry accumulated half the biomass volume as unmodified membranes. Biofilm studies also showed that PES membranes coated with the new chemistry in the anti-microbial mode attained higher biofilm mortality than PES membranes coated with a common, non-switchablezwitterionic polymer. Results from our research are expected to improve membrane performance for the purification of wastewaters prior to use in irrigation. Since reduction in flux due to biofouling is one of the largest costs associated with membrane processes in water treatment, using dual-mode nanolayer coatings that switch between passive and active control of biofouling and enable detachment of attached biofoulants would have significant economic and societal impacts. Specifically, this research program developed and tested advanced ultrafiltration membranes for the treatment of wastewaters. Such membranes could find use in membrane bioreactors treating municipal wastewater, a slightly upgraded version of what presently is used in Israel for irrigation. They also may find use for pretreatment of agricultural wastewaters, e.g., rendering facility wastewater, prior to reverse osmosis for desalination. The need to desalinate such impaired waters water for unlimited agricultural use is likely in the near future.
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Unzeta, Bruno Bueno, Jan de Boer, Ruben Delvaeye, Bertrand Deroisy, Marc Fontoynont, Daniel Neves Pimenta, Per Reinhold, Sophie Stoffer, and Robert Weitlaner. Review of lighting and daylighting control systems. IEA SHC Task 61, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task61-2021-0003.

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There is a large number of control systems proposed either by lighting manufacturers or motor manufacturers for shading systems. In addition there are many other solutions proposed by specific manufacturers of Building Management Systems (BMS) or manufacturers of components to be installed in luminaires and switches, as well as in the electric lighting architecture (transformers, gateways to the internet, sensors, etc.). For many consumers -i.e.-the installer, the facility manager, or the final user (building occupant) – this forms a complex and dynamic market environment with high frequent changes, every year or even every month or day. In this report we aim to provide some basic strategic information, showing the status of the supply at the time this report was written (2019-2021). Although the market develops very fast, there are principles of controls which are rather independent of the progress of technology.
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Heggestad, Harold M. Knowledge-Based System Analysis and Control Defense Switched Network Task Areas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada543937.

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Heggestad, Harold M. Knowledge-Based System Analysis and Control Defense Switched Network Task Areas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada543939.

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Heggestad, Harold M. Knowledge-Based System Analysis and Control Defense Switched Network Task Areas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada543940.

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