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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Swine'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Swine.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Payne, Hugh Geoffrey. "How does the pre-weaning environment affect gut structure and function, and lifetime performance of the pig? /." Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20100325.153420.

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2

Ho, Chak Sum Smith Douglas M. "Molecular characterization of swine leukocyte antigen diversity in outbred pig populations." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5012.

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3

Ryan, Matthew H. "Influence of seasonal environment, top and bottom deck transport, transport duration, and time in lairage on overall pork quality and blood serum cortisol concentrations of market hogs." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5062.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 3, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.

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4

Sargent, Rebecca. "The social and feeding behaviour of growing pigs in deep-litter, group housing systems /." Connect to thesis, 2001. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000303.

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5

Henman, David J. "Dietary energy density and the performance characteristics of growing pigs." Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/644.

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Thesis (M. Sc. Vet. Sc.)--University of Sydney, 2004.
Title from title screen (viewed 14 May 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Veterinary Science to the Faculty of Veterinary Science. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.

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6

Knap, Pieter W. "Variation in maintenance requirements of growing pigs in relation to body composition : a simulation study /." [Wageningen : s.n.], 2000. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/27785.

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7

Castle, Brittany Amber. "Survey of Swine Disease, Management and Biosecurity Practices of Hawai'i Swine Farms." Thesis, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10977266.

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Although swine diseases and parasites cause significant losses to producers in Hawai‘i, limited information is available on changing disease patterns and related farm practices. The objectives of this study were to identify practices used on Hawai‘i swine farms and to determine if there is a relationship between those practices and the absence or presence of a disease. A management and biosecurity practices survey was administered to farmers (n = 27). Survey questions were analyzed by region, sow population, and disease presence. Most common practices included cooking food waste (94% of farmers feeding food waste), feral pig exclusion (74%), and administering an anthelmintic (63%). Challenges faced by farmers include biosecurity concerns of on-farm sales, limited access to veterinary specialists, and excluding vermin from the production area. In addition, serological samples (n = 414) from swine farms (n = 57 out of 200 farms) were tested and found positive for antibodies against Porcine Circovirus Type 2b (PCV ELISA; 98% positive), Senecavirus (SVA IFA; 58%), Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED IFA; 33%) and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS ELISA; 16%). Fecal flotation detected coccidia oocysts (63%) on every island; Oesophagostomum dentatum (26%), Ascaris suum (18%), Strongyloides (11%), Metastrongylus spp. (8%), and Trichuris suis (8%) ova were on a subset of islands. Analysis indicates that disease prevalence is regionally distributed. Kaua‘i, which is protected by a quarantine order, has remained negative for PED, and Moloka‘i, which sees less interisland traffic, is negative for PRRS, PED, and SVA. Geographical patterns in disease distribution assist biosecurity and management practice recommendations, the design of vaccination protocols, and the judicious use of antibiotics.

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8

Male, Michael John. "Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in midwestern swine herds and swine workers." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1016.

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9

Murray, Megan Trezona. "Conventional and deep-litter pig production systems : the effects on fat deposition and distribution in growing female large white X landrace pigs /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20080418.105619.

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10

Jones, Natalie Kaye. "Tetracyclines In Swine Waste." TopSCHOLAR®, 2014. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1326.

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Antibiotics are added to animal feeds as prophylactic agents and to encourage weight gain in livestock. However, there is concern that the widespread use of antibiotics in animal agriculture encourages for the selection of resistance genes and has contributed to the rise of multiply antibiotic resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria. For this reason, there is interest in quantifying antibiotics in environmental samples. The determination of three antibiotics in swine waste, namely chlortetracycline, tetracycline and oxytetracycline, using LC-MS with electrospray ionization is presented here in. Antibiotics from swine waste were quantified across the lifespan of the swine. Trends were present in each of the four life stages (gestation, farrowing, nursery, and finishing). The nursery stage of life presented the most dominate concentrations and the most consistent trend in antibiotic concentrations.

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11

Bohma, K. "What is swine flu." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25981.

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12

Spencer, Joel Dean. "Improving nutrient intake and performance of swine during periods of heat stress /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036858.

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13

Wilmoth, Tiffany Ann. "Variation in, and contributing factors of placental efficiency in swine." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10533.

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14

Hinson, Rodney Buddy Allee Gary Layton 1944. "Net energy content of soybean meal and glycerol for growing and finishing pigs." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6837.

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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 23, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Gary L. Allee. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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15

Rajasekaran, Parthiban. "Development of an Antibiotic Resistance Free Bivalent Vaccine Against Swine Brucellosis and Swine Influenza." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77310.

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Livestock across the world contract several infectious diseases of both bacterial and viral origin. Swine brucellosis caused by Brucella suis and swine influenza caused by Influenza A virus affect both domestic and feral swine populations. Both the diseases have zoonotic potential to cause disease in humans with serious complications apart from inflicting huge economic losses. Infected feral swine can also act as a source of spread and outbreak where the disease is not endemic. At present, there is no vaccine available for swine brucellosis. The currently used swine influenza vaccine may not be effective against influenza strains like the recent H1N1 strain that caused a pandemic. To develop an effective bivalent vaccine for swine against these two diseases, a leucine auxotroph of the USDA approved vaccine B. abortus strain RB51 was constructed along with leuB gene complementing plasmid pNS4 to over-express antigens from Brucella and influenza. This antibiotic resistance free system over-expressed Brucella derived antigens SOD, L7/L12 and WboA in three different constructs. Against a virulent challenge of B. suis, the candidate vaccine strain over-expressing both SOD and WboA protected mice more significantly than the control group and was also found to be better protective than other candidate vaccine strains over-expressing either SOD and L7/L12 together or SOD alone. Immunoassays (ELISA) suggested that the protection afforded is Th1 type mediated immune response, as cytokine IFN-γ and IgG2a antibody sub-isotype was observed in the splenocyte culture supernatant and serum samples respectively. The strain RB51leuB platform was not expressing influenza derived antigens Hemagglutinin (HA) and Nucleoprotein (NP) when screened for expression by immunoblot. Influenza antigens, HA, NP and ectodomain of matrix protein M2e, were not found to be expressing even after optimizing their codon usage to suit Brucella tRNA preference. However, RT-PCR showed that the influenza genes mRNA were produced. In conclusion, this dissertation describes the construction of an environmentally safe antigen over-expression platform and successful employment of the system as a candidate vaccine in protecting mice against B. suis challenge. This new platform is a potential candidate for developing vaccines against other infectious diseases of livestock. This document also discusses alternate strategies for expressing influenza antigens in a Brucella platform.
Ph. D.

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16

Oura, Chris. "Immunopathology of African swine fever." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361259.

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17

Sprinkle, Jim. "Swine Nutrition for Show Animals." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144709.

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18

Sprinkle, Jim E. "Swine Nutrition for Show Animals." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/239571.

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19

Hanson, Laura B. Mitchell Michael S. "Demography of feral pig populations at Fort Benning, Georgia." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Theses/HANSON_LAURA_35.pdf.

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20

Gaston, Wesson Dalton Armstrong James B. "Feral pig (Sus scrofa) survival, home range, and habitat use at Lowndes County Wildlife Management Area, Alabama." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Forestry_and_Wildlife_Sciences/Thesis/Gaston_Wesson_59.pdf.

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21

Virolainen, Juha (Juha Vaino). "Studies of early pregnancy in the pig." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27910.

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Early pregnancy losses characterise the autumn infertility in pigs. At this time luteinizing hormone (LH) pulses are irregular and have lower amplitude when compared with those in spring. It has been hypothesized that inadequate pituitary LH support for the corpora lutea (CL) would induce disruption of pregnancy. However, there is no consensus about the mechanism causing the cessation of pregnancy during the less fertile period of the year. It has been assumed that the mechanism could be progesterone mediated. On the other hand, there is evidence that liberal feeding improves the conception or farrowing rates in gilts during the same period, despite the reported detrimental effects of abundant feeding on embryonic survival in early pregnancy. The mechanism involved has yet to be determined. The first objective of this study was to investigate the endocrinological mechanism of the early disruption of pregnancy, concentrating on the role of LH. A gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist was used in three experiments to suppress LH-pulses for a shorter period than required to cause a direct regression of the CL. The second objective was to examine a possible difference in progesterone concentrations between the peripheral venous blood and blood in the vena cava in early pregnant gilts and to determine whether an episodic pattern of progesterone secretion occurs in pigs. Furthermore, three feeding regimens were applied to detect assumed beneficial effects of abundant feeding on progesterone production and, on the other hand, detrimental effects on progesterone concentrations in the peripheral blood.

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22

Carlson, Jolene Christine. "Dynamics of protection against virulent challenge in swine vaccinated with attenuated African swine fever viruses." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34143.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
Manuel Borca
Stephen Higgs
African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal hemorrhagic disease of swine caused by a double-stranded DNA virus. ASFV is endemic in Sardinia and Saharan Africa and has been recently expanded from the Caucasus to Eastern Europe. There is no vaccine to prevent the disease and current control measures are limited to culling and restricted animal movement. Swine infected with attenuated strains are protected against challenge with a homologous virulent virus, but there is limited knowledge of the host immune mechanisms generating that protection. Swine infected with Pret4 virus develop a fatal severe disease, while a derivative strain lacking virulence-associated gene 9GL (Pret4Δ9GL virus) is completely attenuated. Swine infected with Pret4 Δ9GL virus and challenged with the virulent parental virus at 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 dpi showed a progressive acquisition of protection (from 40% at 7 dpi to 80% at 21 and 28 dpi). This animal model was used to associate the presence of host immune response and protection against the challenge. Anti-ASFV antibodies and cytokines in serum, as well as ASFV-specific IFN-γ production in PBMCs, were assessed in each group. Interestingly, with the exception of ASFV-specific antibodies in the surviving swine challenged at 21 and 28 dpi, no solid association between any of the parameters assessed and the extent of protection could be established. These results were corroborated using a similar model based on the use of a rationally attenuated derivative of the highly virulent strain Georgia 2007. These results, encompassing data from 114 immunized swine, underscore the complexity of the system under study where it is very plausible that protection against disease or infection relies heavily on the concurrence and or interaction of different host immune mechanisms.

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23

Clayton, Nathan C. "The efficacy of various salmonella intervention methods applied to pork carcasses during slaughter." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2002. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukyansc2002t00046/ncthesis.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 67 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-66).

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24

Jackowiak, Jan. "Antemortem inspection of pigs on-farm : impact on food safety and animal welfare." Title page, table of contents and introduction only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ANM/09anmj12.pdf.

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Copy of author's previously published artice inserted. Bibliography: leaves 94-105. Antemortem inspection is a visual health check that has always been done at the abattoir before slaughter to separate pigs that are suffering or that may not be completely suitable for human consumption... The adoption of hazard analysis and critical control point quality assurance systems by the Australian Pig Industry has provided a framework for performance of antemortem inspection on-farm. Producers in three states (Victoria, Queensland and South Australia) were trained to conduct antemortem inspection on-farm, and their efficiency evaluated against antemortem inspection conducted at the abattoir.

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25

Williams, Brian Lee Ditchkoff Stephen S. "Efficiency of surveying, baiting, and trapping wild pigs at Fort Benning, Georgia." Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/2008.

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26

Agar, Gary A. "The effect of feeding varying levels of Bifidobacterium globsum a on the performance, scouring index, gastrointestinal measurements and immunity of weanling and growing-finishing pigs." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08142009-040234/.

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27

Stahl, Chad A. "Growth parameters, carcass merit, and meat quality of market hogs fed diets containing creatine monohydrate /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3137750.

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28

Mesa, Echeverri Henry. "Selection for placental efficiency in swine." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4089.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (June 29, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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29

Gangula, Srilatha. "Degradation of Chlorophenols in Swine Waste." TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/151.

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Naturally occurring plant derived phenols can be degraded through bacteria in swine waste. Chlorinated phenols, which are not naturally present in the environment, are toxic and generated from industrial activities as such petrochemical, pharmaceutical, plastic, rubber, pesticide, iron, steel, paper production, coal conversion, wood preserving, and cellulose bleaching. Large scale coal gasification and carbonization plants are another source of chlorinated phenols. Although not normally present in the environment, chlorinated phenols are structurally similar to many plant derived phenolics. It is our hypothesis that bacteria located in swine wastes may also have the ability to degrade chlorinated phenols. Identifying situations (and organisms) in which degradation of pollutants occurs is important field of research. Experimental work was focused on measuring the degradation of seven chlorinated phenols in swine waste using solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography(GC). Microbes in the waste perform respiration or fermentation to obtain the energy they need to carry out their life processes. Fermentation is a process in which electrons are transferred from one organic substrate to another and which results in incomplete degradation of organic compounds. Anaerobic respiration is a process in which organic substrates are degraded completely to CO2, but using substances other than oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor (such as Fe(III), NO3- or SO42-). Anaerobic respiration using these alternative electron acceptors provides an easier pathway for degradation of aromatics than fermentation alone. Usually the abundance of these electron acceptors in waste is low since microbes consume them readily and thus they must be added to the mixture. Our work focused on development of methods for the quantification of chlorinated phenols in swine wastes and results of bioremediation research. In this study, chlorophenols were extracted by SPME and analysed by GC. This research project mainly focused on the anaerobic degradation of chlorophenols in swine waste. It was observed that the decreased concentration of the chlorophenols was likely due to partitioning of the chlorophenols to solids, sticking to glass bottles and by bacteria present in the swine waste. In summary, it was observed that by ANOVA and gas production analysis 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol were likely to be degraded by bacteria present in swine waste.

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30

Forster, Brenda J. "Piglet blood parameters at birth as indicators of nutritional status and postnatal performance." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63906.

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31

Fortin, Frédéric. "A genetic study of longevity in swine /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78360.

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Data from the Quebec swine breeding program (1980 to 2001) were used to estimate genetic parameters for longevity and to evaluate the contribution of non-genetic factors. After data verifications, there were 28,377 Yorkshire, 30,123 Landrace and 7,830 Duroc sows with records of herd life. The program 'The Survival Kit V3.12' (Ducrocq and Solkner, 2001) was used to estimate heritability separately within each breed, using a Cox proportional hazard model. The time-independent fixed effects of age at first service and of the combinations of herd with year of birth, estimated breeding value (EBV) backfat, EBV age to 100 kilograms and EBV litter size were included. The effects of number of piglets born, number of piglets weaned, crossbreeding at insemination, stage of sow (farrowing, weaning or heat) and their combination with parity were treated as fixed time-dependent variables whereas herd by year was treated as random time-dependent variable. The random effect of sire using sire relationships back two generations was considered as the source of genetic variation. Length of productive life (longevity) was defined as the number of days from first service until culling.

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32

Phillips, Mallory Elizabeth. "Epitope mapping of African swine fever virus p72 capsid protein using polyclonal swine sera and monoclonal antibodies." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34528.

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Master of Science
Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
Raymond R. R. Rowland
African swine fever is a hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), a double-stranded DNA virus and the only member of the family Asfarviridae. The structure of this multilayer virion contains more than 34 proteins including the protein p72 which is the major capsid protein. A single conformational neutralizing epitope has been identified on p72, but information on the other antigenic regions (epitopes) is lacking. The objective of this study was to identify p72 epitopes using polyclonal swine sera and a panel of monoclonal antibodies with the ultimate goal being the development of a blocking ELISA assay for the detection of anti-ASFV antibodies. The segment of the p72 protein from amino acids 1 to 345 was divided into five overlapping fragments which were then commercially synthesized. These fragments were cloned into the pHUE expression vector and transformed into Escherichia coli competent cells. The recombinant proteins were expressed in vitro, purified, and used as antigens in indirect ELISAs and western blots to test monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal swine sera. The monoclonal antibodies were produced against the p72 protein based on the ASFV Georgia/07 strain. The polyclonal sera were obtained from pigs immunized with a defective alphavirus replicon particle, RP-sHA-p72, expressing a recombinant protein composed of the extracellular domain of the ASFV HA protein together with the whole p72 protein. The polyclonal sera reacted to p72 in two distinct regions: between amino acids 1 and 83 and between amino acids 250 and 280. The anti-p72 reactive monoclonal antibodies reacted with p72 in three regions: between amino acids 100 and 171, amino acids 180 and 250, and amino acids 280 and 345. Fine mapping with oligopeptides allowed for the identification of six different linear epitopes. Among the monoclonal antibodies selected for blocking assay development, two have been shown to be promising candidates for further evaluation using sera from ASFV-infected pigs.

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33

Daniel, Joseph A. "Comparison of caesarian section and vaginal birth in pigs /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9962516.

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34

Rhein-Welker, Deanna. "Performance and nutrient digestibility in weanling pigs as influenced by yeast culture, whey, and fiber additions to starter diets." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090510/.

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35

Humphreys, Joshua. "Effect of swine diets supplemented with magnesium sulfate and electroytes on pork quality." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4991.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 29, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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36

Wynn, Andrew Joseph. "The evaluation of chemical reaction dynamics within swine-raising facility implications to odor evolution and assessment of abatement strategies /." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04022003-144706.

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37

Frank, Jason W. "Characterization of the feed intake and acute-phase protein responses of pigs following an acute immune challenge with lipopolysaccaride /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091925.

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38

Pajor, Edmond A. "Parent-offspring conflict and its implications for maternal housing systems in domestic pigs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0016/NQ44546.pdf.

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39

Conlan, James V. "Improved diagnostics and management of classical swine fever in the Lao People's Democratic Republic /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00002930.

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40

Kim, Inbae. "Comparison of different methods of determining available energy in corn lines for swine and poultry /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9946320.

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41

French, Andrew James. "Transgenic livestock: studies in improved efficiency of production and gene regulation." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf873.pdf.

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Includes list of papers and publications by the author Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-231) Reports on studies aimed at increasing the efficiency of livestock transgenesis programs. Overall the experiments provide an improved basis for understanding the application of animal biotechnology to the pig.

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42

Worobec, Erin Kathleen Sophie. "Early weaning in swine, a behavioural assessment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24520.pdf.

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43

Melnichouk, Sergey I. "Ulceration of the pars oesophagea in swine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ43190.pdf.

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44

Zhou, Xiaojing. "Odour emissions from swine operations in Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62876.pdf.

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45

Gotterbarm, Götz. "Evaluation of whole soybeans in swine diets." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61172.

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A laboratory assessment and three in vivo trials were conducted to measure the nutritive value of whole soybeans subjected to various methods of heat treatment. No significant differences were found for ADG and feed conversion ratio. There was a significant reduced proportion of saturated-to unsaturated fatty acids in the loin eye area of pigs fed whole soybean products, when compared to soybean meal control. Extruded whole soybeans resulted in a lower degree of unsaturation than the other heat treated whole soybeans. Whole soybean products were evaluated for their digestibility in weanling (21 days) piglets. Feces were collected daily during two 5-day periods. It was found that the ether extractable portion of extruded whole soybeans has a higher digestibility than that of the remaining four soybean treatments. It was also found that CP is more digestible in animals at 6 weeks of age than in animals at 4 weeks of age. In conclusion: heat treated whole soybeans do not adversly affect the performance of weaners nor that of growing and finishing pigs, even at high dietary levels (25%). Feeding whole soybeans results in a higher degree of unsaturation in the carcass. The EE fraction of extruded whole soybeans is more digestible than whole soybeans of other heat treatments. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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46

Pakpour, Sepideh. "Detection of antibiotic resistance in swine production." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97152.

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Since antibiotics have been added to animal feed for decades, foodanimals and their wastes constitute a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Atthe Swine Complex of McGill University, the addition of antibiotics to swine feedfor subtherapeutic applications has been discontinued since January 2007. Theobjective of this work was to assess the prevalence and short-term evolution ofantibiotic resistance among bacterial populations in swine production 2.5 yearsafter this discontinuation. Feces from ten healthy pigs (6 males and 4 females)born at the Swine Complex of McGill from the same sow and administered feedwithout antibiotics were sampled during suckling, weanling, growing andfinishing. The percentage of chlortetracycline-resistant anaerobic bacterialpopulations (TetR) was higher than that of tylosin-resistant anaerobic bacterialpopulations (TylR) at weanling, growing and finishing, with generally largerdifferences in males than in females. At the finishing stage, i.e. prior to thetransportation of animals to the slaughterhouse, resistant populations variedbetween 3.1x10^6 and 2.5x10^9 CFU g^-1. In all pigs, tet(L), tet(O) and erm(B) weredetected by PCR at suckling and weanling, whereas only tet(O) was detected atgrowing and finishing. Quantification of tet(O) by real-time PCR showed that atsuckling, the abundance of this gene was 18 times higher in females than inmales, was similar between the two genders at weanling and growing, andreached 5.1x10^5 and 5.6x10^5 copies of tet(O)/g of total DNA in the feces ofmales and females, respectively, at finishing. In this study, the high abundanceand proportion of antibiotic-resistant populations, as well as the occurrence ofresistance genes within these populations despite the discontinuation of antibioticaddition to feeds imply either that more time would be required for antibioticresistance to decrease to lower levels, and/or that factors such as the presence ofmetals in feed impose a selective pressure that maintains antibiotic resistancegenes among these bacterial populations.
Puisque des antibiotiques sont ajoutés aux moulées des animaux de fermedepuis des décennies, ces animaux et leurs déjections constituent un réservoir debactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques. Au Complexe porcin de l'UniversitéMcGill, l'ajout d'antibiotiques dans les aliments pour porcs pour les applicationssous-thérapeutiques a été interrompu en janvier 2007. L'objectif de ce travail étaitd'évaluer la prévalence et l'évolution à court terme de la résistance auxantibiotiques chez les populations bactériennes en production porcine 2,5 ansaprès cette interruption. Les matières fécales de dix porcs sains (6 mâles et 4femelles) nés au Complexe porcin de McGill de la même truie et nourris avec desmoulées sans antibiotiques ont été échantillonnées durant les phases d'allaitement,sevrage, croissance et finition. Le pourcentage de bactéries anaérobies résistantesà la chlortétracycline (TetR) était généralement plus élevé que le pourcentage debactéries anaérobies résistantes à la tylosine (TylR) lors des phases de sevrage,croissance et finition, avec des différences plus grandes chez les mâles que chezles femelles. Au stade de la finition, c'est à dire avant le transport des animauxvers l'abattoir, les populations résistantes variaient entre 3.1x10^6 et 2.5x10^9 UFCg^-1. Chez tous les porcs, les gènes tet(L), tet(O) et erm(B) ont été détectés parPCR lors des phases d'allaitement et de sevrage, alors que seulement tet(O) a étédétecté en croissance et finition. La quantification de tet(O) par PCR en tempsréel a montré que, à l'allaitement, l'abondance de ce gène était de 18 fois plusélevé chez les femelles que chez les mâles, était similaire entre les deux sexes ensevrage et en croissance, et a atteint 5.1x10^5 et 5.6x10^5 copies de tet(O)/gd'ADN total dans les excréments des males et des femelles, respectivement, à laphase de finition. La forte abondance et la proportion élevée de populationsrésistantes aux antibiotiques, ainsi que la présence de gènes de résistance au seinde ces populations malgré l'interruption de l'ajout d'antibiotiques aux mouléesimpliquent soit que plus de temps serait nécessaire pour que la résistance auxantibiotiques décroisse à des niveaux inférieurs, et/ou que des facteurs tel laXII présence de métaux dans les moulées impose une pression sélective qui maintientles gènes de résistance aux antibiotiques parmi ces populations bactériennes.

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47

Garcia, Moreno Maria del Rosario. "Sphagnum moss for swine manure nitrogen conservation." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69691.

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Two depths (10 and 20 cm) of floating sphagnum peat covers were compared to uncovered swine slurries in storage, as a nitrogen conservation method. The test was repeated over three consecutive summers.
Following a nitrogen mass balance analysis, for the manure stored in tanks of limited diameter but full depth, the slurries covered with the two depths of peat conserved 60% and 76% of their nitrogen, while that uncovered conserved only 54%.
The sphagnum peat reduced manure evaporation during storage and helped conserve nitrogen during the tank mixing operation.
A drying temperature of 105$ sp circ$C gave the sphagnum peat moss the most hydrophobicity to keep it floating over liquid manures. The sphagnum peat conserved nitrogen by absorbing the manure moisture rather than by fixing the volatilized ammonia.
Applied to rye grass, the peat treated manure improved the nitrogen uptake efficiency by 140 190% and 190% to 340%, as opposed to untreated manure and chemical fertilizers, respectively.

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48

Rhéaume, John. "Manganese nutrition in rat and swine reproduction." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74293.

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Experiments were conducted with littermate gilts maintained in stainless steel metabolism cages within environmentally controlled rooms and consuming a corn-soybean meal based diet. The objectives of these studies were to investigate the impact of different dietary levels of manganese (Mn) and/or stage of the reproductive cycle on mineral metabolism and more specifically Mn metabolism in primigravid gilts and rats. Nutritional status was assessed using conventional balance studies, the analyses of physiological fluids (urine, plasma, colostrum, milk), tissues of the dam and offspring, and by a radioisotope dilution-balance technique. Trace element retention in the first-litter gilt was not significantly altered by dietary Mn restriction (11 $ mu$g/g DM) or by different stages of the reproductive cycle. In contrast, among the macro elements, phosphorus and perhaps calcium retention were improved in late gestation, whereas magnesium and nitrogen retention were unchanged. The weight of the litter at birth from dams consuming the low Mn (LMn) diet was significantly less than high Mn (HMn) gilts (96 $ mu$g/g DM). The Mn concentration in the liver and kidney of HMn gilts were significantly higher than in LMn gilts at the end of lactation. Likewise, the bones from HMn piglets contained higher concentrations of Mn at birth, and the liver and kidney concentrations were greater at weaning. Dietary Mn intake did not influence the rate of $ sp{54}$Mn excretion by the gilt during late gestation. The endogenous fecal Mn component was of similar magnitude, averaging 0.26 and 0.21 mg/d for the HMn and LMn gilts, respectively. However, the endogenous contribution to total fecal Mn was almost 8 fold different, representing 0.12% and 0.82% of total fecal Mn for the HMn and LMn gilts, respectively. The biological half-life of Mn in the body of the gilt was not influenced by dietary Mn within the intake range of 26 to 210 mg/d and averaged 54 days. The turnover rate (TR) of Mn was es

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49

Soule, Olubukola A. "Immunomodulatory intervention to control classical swine fever." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608368.

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Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) causes a serious disease of pigs that is a major threat to pork production industries worldwide. Due to the limitations of available vaccines there is a need for alternative strategies to aid (SF outbreak control. One such alternative could be through the use of type I interferon (IFN ). During the acute phase of CSFV infection, high levels of systemic porcinelFNα (Po IFNα) are detected in pigs and one recombinant Pol FNα subtype has been reported to have anti-viral activities against CSFV in vitro. The aim of this study was to express and characterize the full panel of recombinant PoIFN-α subtypes and to establish an in vitro model to assess their anti-CSFV activity if given prophylactically. All 17 PoIFN-α subtypes were cloned, expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells and purified. The biological activity of each subtype was confirmed using a VSV bioassay. Following the optimisation of an infection model using a commercial preparation of PoIFNα, differential activity was observed between subtypes following treatment of porcine monocytes prior to infection with CSFV. The subtypes were subsequently grouped as having high, medium or low anti-CSFV activity. The potency of representative members of the active subtypes was investigated over a 72hr pre-treatment assay which confirmed PoIFNα12 as the most potent subtype against CSFV in vitro. An additive effect was observed when equal ratios of subtypes with in an activity group were used in combination. The expression of each subtype was then assessed du ring the course of a primary CSFV infection in vivo. When comparing the relative patterns of expression of the PolFNα subtypes in individual pigs, several subtypes appeared to be expressed at higher levels. However, the only consistent increase post CSFV infection was that of PoIFNα12, In conclusion, this study has shown that PolFNα subtypes possess differential anti-CSFV activities in vitro, and that PoIFNα12 represents a possible candidate for investigation as a me◦taphylactic treatment against CSFV infection.

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50

Yao, Mianzhi, and 姚绵志. "Human swine influenza vaccination in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45175093.

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