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Ho, Nguyenho. "Swimming Filaments in a Viscous Fluid with Resistance." Digital WPI, 2016. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/211.
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In this dissertation, we study the behavior of microscopic organisms utilizing lateral and spiral bending waves to swim in a fluid. More specifically, spermatozoa encounter different fluid environments filled with mucus, cells, hormones, and other large proteins. These networks of proteins and cells are assumed to be stationary and of low volume fraction. They act as friction, possibly preventing or enhancing forward progression of the swimmers. The flow in the medium is described as a viscous fluid with a resistance term known as a Brinkman fluid. It depends on the Darcy permeability parameter affecting the swimming patterns of the flagella. To further understand these effects we study the asymptotic swimming speeds of an infinite-length swimmer propagating planar or spiral bending waves in a Brinkman fluid. We find that, up to the second order expansion, the swimming speeds are enhanced as the resistance increases. The work to maintain the planar bending and the torque exerted on the fluid are also examined. The Stokes limits of the swimming speeds, the work and the torque are recovered as resistance goes to zero. The analytical solutions are compared with numerical results of finite-length swimmers obtained from the method of Regularized Brinkmanlets (MRB). The study gives insight on the effects of the permeability, the length and the radius of the cylinder on the performance of the swimmers. In addition, we develop a grid-free numerical method to study the bend and twist of an elastic rod immersed in a Brinkman fluid. The rod is discretized using a Kirchhoff Rod (KR) model. The linear and angular velocity of the rod are derived using the MRB. The method is validated through a couple of benchmark examples including the dynamics of an elastic rod, and the planar bending of a flagellum in a Brinkman fluid. The studies show how the permeability and stiffness coefficients affect the waveforms, the energy, and the swimming speeds of the swimmers. Also, the beating pattern of the spermatozoa flagellum depends on the intracellular concentrations of calcium ([Ca2+]). An increase of [Ca2+] is linked to hyperactivated motility. This is characterized by highly asymmetrical beating, which allows spermatozoa to reach the oocyte (egg) or navigate along the female reproductive tract. Here, we couple the [Ca2+] to the bending model of a swimmer in a Brinkman fluid. This computational framework is used to understand how internal flagellar [Ca2+] and fluid resistance in a Brinkman fluid alter swimming trajectories and flagellar bending.
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Shawkat, Salman, and Ragheed Hussain. "Concrete Cracks in Swimming Pool Basins." Thesis, KTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208349.
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Majority of the swimming facilities in Sweden are facing some form of renovation or total substitution. The report analyses cracks in two different public bath facilities namely Eriksdalsbadet and Enskedehallen. The text also discusses different solution strategies for cracks in concrete. The aim with this thesis is to discuss how facility managers can extend the service life of these facilities by taking measures against the crack damages. Since renovation can be expensive, it is important to study cracks early on when they appear. This thesis also emphasizes on how important it is to add resources for preventing cracks, already during casting. Resources should also be added for maintaining the basins, managing repair methods for all types of cracking problems. This thesis is more of a generalized study for cracks in concrete, however it concludes with taking a more specific approach by discussing the problems in swimming basins. Causes of cracks, different types of cracks and evolution of cracks are studied and discussed with emphasis on the structural damages that can occur. With pictures taken and analyzed from the two facilities and a visitation with a experienced concrete investigator from CBI, this thesis concludes with a decision to immediately take repair actions against cracks that are shown in the report. The report discusses two perspectives, one where the authors of the thesis discusses solutions derived from information given in the report, and the other perspective is derived from guided inspection with consultant from CBI.Neris projektet
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Gaines, April Barnes. ""Almost Like Swimming Upstream": A Mixed Methods Investigation of Body Image and Disordered Eating in Black Military Women." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron160709749603974.
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Mudėnas, Gediminas. "Treniravimo veiksnių įtaka sportiniam rezultatui plaukime: jėgos komponentai." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140619_114001-92068.
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Tyrimo objektas – jėgos rodikliai įtakojantys sportinį rezultatą plaukime.
Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti kai kurių jėgos komponentų įtaką sportiniam rezultatui plaukime.
Uždaviniai:
1. Identifikuoti plaukikų raumenų aktyvavimo ir jėgos pasireiškimo ypatybes plaukimo judesiuose.
2. Nustatyti ir palyginti skirtingo meistriškumo moterų plaukikių peties išorinio ir vidinio sukimo jėgos komponentus esant kampiniui greičiui 60 ° / s.
3. Nustatyti ir palyginti skirtingo meistriškumo vyrų plaukikų peties išorinio ir vidinio sukimo jėgos komponentus esant kampiniui greičiui 60 ° / s.
4. Išaiškinti skirtingo meistriškumo plaukikų raumenų disbalanso rodiklius.
Hipotezė - didelio meistriškumo plaukikų dinaminių (jėga, galingumas) charakteristikų rezultatai yra aukštesni nei vidutinio meistriškumo plaukikų.
Išvados:
1. Mokslininkai tyrinėję raumenų funkcijas plaukimo metu išskiria šias ypatybes:
1.1 Plaukiko judesių visumoje išskiriami 48 labiausiai reikšmingi raumenys, kurių tarpe pagrindinės raumenų grupės padedančios plaukikui judėti į priekį yra kaklo, rankų, liemens bei kojų raumenys, kurių funkciniam parengtumui turi būti skiriama daugiausia dėmesio.
1.2 Plaukime yra išskiriamos 4 plaukimo jėgos pasireiškimo formos: maksimalioji jėga, staigioji jėga, greitumo jėga bei ištvermės jėga. Kiekvienoje atskirai paimtoje plaukimo distancijoje šių jėgos parsireiškimo formų reikšmingumas yra savitas.
2. Didesnio meistriškumo moterų plaukikių peties išorinio ir vidinio sukimo jėgos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Research object – strength factors that have influence on the sport results in swimming. The aim of the research – to examine some of the strength components which have an influence on the results in swimming. Tasks: 1. Identify the swimmer's muscle activation and the force characteristics in the swimming movements. 2. To identify and compare the different levels of swimmers shoulder external and internal rotation force components at angular speed of 60 °/s. 3. To identify and compare the different levels of swimmers shoulder external and internal rotation force components at angular speed of 60 °/s. 4. To clarify the different levels of swimmers muscles imbalance rates. Hypothesis – Higher skill swimmers dynamic (force, power) characteristics are better than the lower - skill swimmers. Conclusions: 1. Researchers have explored muscle function at swimming movements distinguishes these features: 1.1 In swimmer’s movements there are 48 most important muscles groups, including: neck, arms, torso and leg muscles which help swimmer’s to move forward. 1.2 Swimming distinguished 4 swimming force application forms: peak strength, explosive power, speed and strength endurance strength. Those forces have different impact on every different swimming distance. 2. Higher level women swimmers shoulder external and internal rotation strength ratios are better than lower-skill swimmers. 3. Higher level men swimmers shoulder external and internal rotation strength ratios are better than... [to full text]
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Garcia, Gonzalez Jesus. "Numerical analysis of fluid motion at low Reynolds numbers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/numerical-analysis-of-fluid-motion-at-low-reynolds-numbers(4cf30194-0155-439d-879a-c49787549e8c).html.
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At low Reynolds number flows, the effect of inertia becomes negligible and the fluid motion is dominated by the effect of viscous forces. Understanding of the behaviour of low Reynolds number flows underpins the prediction of the motion of microorganisms and particle sedimentation as well as the development of micro-robots that could potentially swim inside the human body to perform targeted drug/cell delivery and non-invasive microsurgery. The work in this thesis focuses on developing an understanding in the mathematical analysis of objects moving at low Reynolds numbers. A boundary element implementation of the Method of regularized Stokeslets (MRS) is applied to analyse the low Reynolds number flow field around an object of simple shape (sphere and cube). It also showed that the results obtained by a boundary element implementation for an unbounded cube, where singularities are presented in the corners of the cube, agrees with more complex solutions methods such as a GBEM and FEM.A methodology for analysing the effect of walls by locating collocation points on the surface of the walls and the object is presented. First at all, this methodology is validated with a boundary element implementation of the method of images for a sphere at different locations. Then, the method is extended when more than one wall is presented. This methodology is applied to predict the velocity filed of a cube moving in a tow tank at low Reynolds numbers for two different cases with a supporting rod similar to an experimental set-up, and without the supporting rod as in the CFD simulations based on the FVM. The results indicate a good match between CFD and the MRS, and an excellent approximation between the MRS and experimental data from PIV measurements. The drag, thrust and torque generated by helices moving at low Reynolds numbers in an unbounded medium is analysed by the resistive force theory, a slender body theory, and a boundary element method of the MRS. The results show that the resistive force theory predict accurately the drag, thrust and torque of moving helices when the resistive force coefficients are calculated from a slender body theory approximation by calculating independently the resistive force coefficients for translation and rotation, because it is observed that the resistive force coefficients depend also of the nature of motion. Moreover, the thrust generated by helices of different pitch angles is analysed calculated by a CFD numerical simulation based on the FVM and a boundary element implementation, an compared with experimental data. The results also show an excellent prediction between the boundary element implementation, the CFD results and the experimental data. Finally, a boundary element implementation of the MRS is applied to predict swimming of a biomimetic swimmer that mimics the motion of E.coli bacteria in an unbounded medium. The results are compared with the propulsive velocity and induced angular velocity measurement by recording the motion of the biomimetic swimmer in a square tank. It is observed that special care needs to be taken when the biomimetic swimmer is modelled inside the tank, as there is an apparent increment in the calculate thrust propulsion which does not represent a real situation of the biometic swimmer which propels by a power supply. However, this increment does not represent the condition of the biomimetic swimmer and a suggested methodology based on the solution from an unbounded case and when the swimmer is moving inside the tank is presented. In addition, the prediction of the free-swimming velocity for the biomimetic swimmer agrees with the results obtained by the MRS when the resistive force coefficients are calculated from a SBT implementation. The results obtained in this work have showed that a boundary element implementation of the MRS produces results comparable with more complex numerical implementations such as GBEM, FEM, FVM, and also an excellent agreement with results obtained from experimentation. Therefore, it is a suitable and easy to apply methodology to analyse the motion of swimmers at low Reynolds numbers, such as the biomimetic swimmer modelled in this work.
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Gross, David. "Nage sous marine générée par boucle de rétroaction de courbure avec modélisation de muscles locomoteurs." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4053.
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L'autopropulsion basée sur la propagation d'ondes de déformation, comme pour les poissons, pourrait être une alternative intéressante par rapport au déplacement généré par des hélices pour les bateaux et les véhicules sous-marins. La locomotion par ondulations implique une flexibilité de la structure du véhicule, dont il faut prendre en compte pour la dynamique des fluides et donc quantifier la vitesse et le rendement du déplacement. Dans cette thèse, nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode d'interaction fluide-structure (IFS) liant un solveur de dynamique de structure par éléments finis avec un solveur "vortex panel" bidimensionnel pour le couplage avec le fluide et une méthode des particules pour la résolution du sillage. Chaque composante du couplage IFS est d'abord validée indépendamment, puis nous testons le système complet dans le cadre d'une plaque flexible et bidimensionnelle en oscillation. La relation entre les paramètres cinématiques de nage et la vitesse de déplacement est reproduite et l'importance de la traînée pour cette relation est analysée avec détails. Pour modéliser le comportement d'un nageur souple, en autopropulsion, nous distribuons spatialement un moment de flexion, ce qui nous permet de faire des prédictions sur les grandeurs cinématiques de la nage. Par la suite, nous montrons qu'un moment de force rétroactif basée sur la courbure de déformation du nageur, avec un délai temporel, génère une autopropulsion différente de celle observée avec un forçage actif de moment de flexion. Nous proposons un modèle simplifié, capable à décrire le comportement du nageur avec rétroaction, pour comprendre qualitativement les phénomènes en jeux. Finalement, nous dérivons un modèle de muscle, en s'inspirant de la biologie ; et nous évaluons l'importance des différents paramètres du modèle quant à la performance d'autopropulsion. Le manuscrit de thèse se termine par l'analyse d'une plaque mince en trois dimensions, mise en oscillation pour apprécier la pertinence de la méthode tridimensionnelle "vortex panel" pour simuler la nage dans des conditions réellesUndulatory wave-based self-propulsion like used by fish may be a suitable alternative to traditional propeller-based propulsion for underwater vehicles. The use of undulatory propulsion implies a certain degree of structural flexibility will be present, hence consideration of both fluid and structure is critical to assessing the behavior of this form of propulsion. In this thesis, a novel segregated fluid-structure interaction (FSI) coupling scheme is developed between a finite element structure solver and a 2D unsteady panel method fluid solver with discrete vortex particle wake approach. The different components of the FSI solver are validated first individually and then as a whole using the case of a flexible two-dimensional plate in pure heave. The scaling law relating input swimming variables and the resulting swimming speed is then reproduced and the importance of drag to these relations is elucidated.A self-propelled swimmer whose beam-like structure and rigid body motions are resolved is then examined under the influence of an imposed bending moment distribution. A curvature-based, delayed proprioceptive feedback is then applied to deform the self-propelled swimmer. Feedback based swimming was found to be distinct from active, imposed bending moment swimming. A simplified one degree of freedom model was found to qualitatively describe the feedback swimmer behavior. A swimmer using muscle-like elements is then assessed to determine the relative importance of different muscle properties with the aim of identifying if the non-linear behavior of muscles is beneficial to self-propulsion. Finally, a three-dimensional, thin plate in pure heave is examined with the aim of determining to what extent an 3D panel method can be used in lieu of computationally expensive viscous flow approaches self-propulsion analysis in 3D
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Hsu, Chia-Yu. "A 3D bacterial swimming model coupled with external fluid mechanics using the immersed boundary method." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2007/c_hsu_080207.pdf.
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Rowhani, Touraj. "Development and validation of an analytical method for determination of polyhexamethylene biguanide level in the presence of quaternary ammonium compounds in recreational water." Click here for download, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/villanova/fullcit?p1432527.
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Zhu, Lailai. "Simulation of individual cells in flow." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Stabilitet, Transition, Kontroll, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-142557.
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In this thesis, simulations are performed to study the motion ofindividual cells in flow, focusing on the hydrodynamics of actively swimming cells likethe self-propelling microorganisms, and of passively advected objects like the red bloodcells. In particular, we develop numerical tools to address the locomotion ofmicroswimmers in viscoelastic fluids and complex geometries, as well as the motion ofdeformable capsules in micro-fluidic flows. For the active movement, the squirmer is used as our model microswimmer. The finiteelement method is employed to study the influence of the viscoelasticity of fluid on theperformance of locomotion. A boundary element method is implemented to study swimmingcells inside a tube. For the passive counterpart, the deformable capsule is chosen as the modelcell. An accelerated boundary integral method code is developed to solve thefluid-structure interaction, and a global spectral method is incorporated to handle theevolving cell surface and its corresponding membrane dynamics. We study the locomotion of a neutral squirmer with anemphasis on the change of swimming kinematics, energetics, and flowdisturbance from Newtonian to viscoelastic fluid. We also examine the dynamics of differentswimming gaits resulting in different patterns of polymer deformation, as well as theirinfluence on the swimming performance. We correlate the change of swimming speed withthe extensional viscosity and that of power consumption with the phase delay of viscoelasticfluids. Moreover, we utilise the boundary element method to simulate the swimming cells in astraight and torus-like bent tube, where the tube radius is a few times the cell radius. Weinvestigate the effect of tube confinement to the swimming speed and power consumption. Weanalyse the motions of squirmers with different gaits, which significantly affect thestability of the motion. Helical trajectories are produced for a neutralsquirmer swimming, in qualitative agreement with experimental observations, which can beexplained by hydrodynamic interactions alone. We perform simulations of a deformable capsule in micro-fluidic flows. We look atthe trajectory and deformation of a capsule through a channel/duct with a corner. Thevelocity of capsule displays an overshoot as passing around the corner, indicating apparentviscoelasticity induced by the interaction between the deformable membrane and viscousflow. A curved corner is found to deform the capsule less than the straight one. In addition, we propose a new cell sorting device based on the deformability of cells. Weintroduce carefully-designed geometric features into the flow to excite thehydrodynamic interactions between the cell and device. This interaction varies andclosely depends on the cell deformability, the resultant difference scatters the cellsonto different trajectories. Our high-fidelity computations show that the new strategy achievesa clear and robust separation of cells. We finally investigate the motion of capsule in awall-bounded oscillating shear flow, to understand the effect of physiological pulsation to thedeformation and lateral migration of cells. We observe the lateral migration velocity of a cellvaries non-monotonically with its deformability.QC 20140313
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Papin, Annette Richelle. "Using educational databases in the form of electronic portfolios: A method in coaching athletics." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1673.
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Bügner, Jörg. "Nichtlineare Methoden in der trainingswissenschaftlichen Diagnostik : mit Untersuchungen aus dem Schwimmsport." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2005/550/.
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Die trainingswissenschaftliche Diagnostik in den Kernbereichen Training, Wettkampf und Leistungsfähigkeit ist durch einen hohen Praxisbezug, eine ausgeprägte strukturelle Komplexität und vielseitige Wechselwirkungen der sportwissenschaftlichen Teilgebiete geprägt. Diese Eigenschaften haben in der Vergangenheit dazu geführt, dass zentrale Fragestellungen, wie beispielsweise die Maximierung der sportlichen Leistungsfähigkeit, eine ökonomische Trainingsgestaltung, eine effektive Talentauswahl und -sichtung oder die Modellbildung noch nicht vollständig gelöst werden konnten. Neben den bereits vorhandenen linearen Lösungsansätzen werden in dieser Arbeit Methoden aus dem Bereich der Neuronalen Netzwerke eingesetzt. Diese nichtlinearen Diagnoseverfahren sind besonders geeignet für die Analyse von Prozessabläufen, wie sie beispielsweise im Training vorliegen.
Im theoretischen Teil werden zunächst Gemeinsamkeiten, Abhängigkeiten und Unterschiede in den Bereichen Training, Wettkampf und Leistungsfähigkeit untersucht sowie die Brücke zwischen trainingswissenschaftlicher Diagnostik und nichtlinearen Verfahren über die Begriffe der Interdisziplinarität und Integrativität geschlagen. Angelehnt an die Theorie der Neuronalen Netze werden anschließend die Grundlagenmodelle Perzeptron, Multilayer-Perzeptron und Selbstorganisierende Karten theoretisch erläutert. Im empirischen Teil stehen dann die nichtlineare Analyse von personalen Anforderungsstrukturen, Zustände der sportlichen Form und die Prognose sportlichen Talents - allesamt bei jugendlichen Leistungsschwimmerinnen und -schwimmern - im Mittelpunkt. Die nichtlinearen Methoden werden dabei einerseits auf ihre wissenschaftliche Aussagekraft überprüft, andererseits untereinander sowie mit linearen Verfahren verglichen.
The diagnostic methods in training science concentrate on the core areas of training, competition, and performance. The methods commonly used are characterized by a high degree of practical applicability and distinct structural complexity. These characteristics have led to the question which scientific methods fit best for resolving problems like, for example, the optimization of athletic performance, efficient planning and monitoring of training processes, effective talent screening, selection and development, or the formation of analytical models. All these questions have not yet been answered sufficiently.
Aside from the traditional mathematical approaches on the basis of the linear model, nonlinear methods in the field of neural networks are used in this dissertation. These nonlinear diagnostic methods are especially suitable for the analysis of coherent patterns in time series such as training processes.
In the theoretical part of the dissertation, common aspects, mutual dependencies, and differences between training, competition, and performance are examined. In this context, a bridge is built between the diagnostic purposes in these fields and suitable nonlinear methods. Along the lines of the neural networks theory, the basic models Perceptron, Multilayer-Perceptron, and Self-Organizing Feature Maps are subsequently elucidated.
In the empirical part of the thesis, three studies conducted with top level adolescent swimmers are presented that focus on the nonlinear analysis of personal athletic ability structures, different states of athletic shape, and the prognosis of athletic talent. The nonlinear methods are thus examined as to how worthwhile they are for analytical purposes in training science on the one hand, and they are compared to each other as well as to linear methods on the other hand.
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Hovnanian, Jessica. "Méthode de frontières immergées pour la mécanique des fluides : application à la simulation de la nage." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835013.
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Nous nous interessons à la modélisation des interactions fluide-structure entre un fluide visqueux incompressible et une structure pouvant être déformable. Apres une approche des méthodes de type frontière immergée existantes, nous présentons une nouvelle approche : la méthode IPC (Image Point Correction) que nous validons ensuite sur différents cas tests. Puis, nous l'appliquons à la simulation 2D puis 3D de la nage d'un poisson grâce à une reconstruction utilisant l'outil du squelette.
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Ming, Liang Yen, and 梁衍明. "Methods of Competitive Swimming Training." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64654288031324591812.
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碩士國立體育學院
教練研究所
89
Abstract The thesis "The Methods of Competitive Swimming Training" is the concretized concept developed by my devotion to the competitive swimming training for tens years and the support from related documentation. The structure of the thesis is as following: 1. Introduction: To describe the development, evolution, techniques and methods of the competitive swimming training. 2. The contribution of the sports training science towards the competitive swimming: The theories of the exercise physiology, sports psychology and sports biomechanics are applied to aid the competitive swimming training. 3. The key points of the competitive swimming techniques and the training methods: Due to the water resistance and the specific characteristics of the competitive swimming, the technical training is the point that all swimmers have to build up. It is necessary for a swimming coach to not only recognize the technical points, but also have the ability for correcting and improving the skills of swimmers. 4. The auxiliary training of the competitive swimming. 5. The new development of monitoring the training plans. Conclusions: There are several critical factors for the swimming training plans: the muscular strength, technique, the degree of training volume and intensity, and the ability to get recovery after each competition. The only way to get the training steps efficient is that a coach made the proper training plans according to these factors.
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Castro-Santos, Theodore R. "Swimming performance of upstream migrant fishes: New methods, new perspectives." 2002. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3056208.
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The ability to traverse barriers of high water velocity limits the distributions of many diadromous and other migratory fish species, and is central to effective fishway design. This dissertation provides a detailed analysis of volitional sprinting behavior of six migratory fish species (American shad Alosa sapidissima, alewife A. pseudoharengus, blueback herring A. aestivalis, striped bass Morone saxatilis , walleye Stizostedion vitreum, and white sucker Catostomus commersoni), against controlled water velocities of 1.5–4.5 m · s−1 in a large, open-channel flume. In Chapter 1, I develop models of maximum distance traversed ( Dmax) by fish ascending these flows, accounting for water velocity and other covariate effects. I then demonstrate the application of these models, using them to predict proportions of active migrants capable of traversing a range of distances and flow velocities. Chapter 2 focuses on behavior and swimming performance of American shad, analyzing covariate effects on attempt rate as well as Dmax, and formalizing how rate and distance jointly affect overall rates of passage. Models describe a complex pattern of varying responses of attempt rate and Dmax to hydraulics, temperature, effort expended on and recovery time since the previous attempt. In Chapter 3, I use the effect of swimming speed on fatigue time to calculate an optimal swimming speed that maximizes the over-ground distance fish can traverse, and hence defines their maximum ability to traverse velocity barriers. This speed reduces to a constant groundspeed within a given gait, regardless of the speed of flow. Data from all six species support this view, although only American shad exhibit a clear shift from the optimum prolonged speed to the optimum sprint speed at the predicted critical flow velocity. Throughout this dissertation I make extensive and novel use of statistical techniques developed for survival analysis to analyze and model behavioral data, both with respect to attempt rate and to D max. Chapter 4 provides an overview of these methods and demonstrates their application to a fish passage study of downstream-migrating Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts. An understanding of the principles described here will help the reader to better understand the findings of the previous three chapters.
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Chen, Shu-Ting, and 陳舒婷. "The effects of different training methods on performance of freestyle swimming." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95945857710135570848.
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博士國立體育大學
競技與教練科學研究所
103
The elements of freestyle stroke were stroke rate and stroke length. The dry-land swimming ergometer was used to train for stroke rate group and stroke length group in order to investigate the influences of different training methods on swimming performance of freestyle. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different training methods (swimming combine ergometer training emphasizing on stroke rate, swimming combine ergometer training emphasizing on stroke length, and only swimming-in-water training for contrast group) through five weeks on swimming performance and retention effects for freestyle. Twenty-four novice collegiate male participated voluntarily in this study, who randomly divided into three groups. The subjects were trained with 80 minutes each time, twice a week for five weeks. There were three digital cameras to collect stroke video of 25 meter swimming and Kwon3D 3.1 Motion System was used to analyze data. The mixed design two-way ANOVA was used to determine the variables among three groups at three testing sections. An one-way ANOVA was used to compare three training group on the progress after training. The Scheffe¢s method was both used as post-hoc analysis. The results of this study were found: (1)There were significant differences between pre-training and post-training for all subjects in stroke rate, swimming velocity, 25m performance, duration of the glide phase, duration of the pull phase and total duration of the stroke; absolute displacement of the hand in longitudinal axis during the glide phase, in lateral axis during the pull phase, in vertical axis during the push phase, and relative displacement of the hand in lateral axis, in vertical axis during the push phase; relative peak velocity of the hand in longitudinal axis during the pull phase, absolute peak velocity of the hand in longitudinal axis during the push phase. (2)There were no significant differences on the performance progress rate (△25mT, △SL, △SV) among three groups, but in 25m performance. And the retention effects following one-week detraining were existed for kinematics characteristics and stroke skills. (3)The training effects of dry-land swimming ergometer was similar to the only swimming-in-water training. Therefore, the dry-land swimming ergometer can be an effective training option for swimming training.
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Tzeng, Jeng-Ren, and 曾正仁. "Effects of Different Swimming Training Methods on Youth Swimmers’Biochemical Variables and Body Composition." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86327414353047374932.
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碩士國立體育學院
教練研究所
93
Abstract The purpose of the study was to explore the influence of different training methods on blood lactate, proteinuria, and body composition in young swimmers. The different training methods were the continuous (CT) and intermittent swimming training (IT) methods. Forty-five teenager swimmers were chose as the subjects. Their average age was 14.67 ± 0.49 years old. All of the subjects took blood and urea to measure blood lactate, proteinuria, and body composition. The blood lactate analyzer (Y.S.I. 1500 lactate analyzer), the urine analyzer (DLALAB), the body composition analyzer (Biospace InBody 3.0), the stopwatch (COSIO), and Polar 610 heartbeat rate monitor (Professorintie 5,S810TM) were used as testing tools in the study. The statistic methods were: (I) To establish the basic data of each group with the descriptive statistics. (II) To use the mixed designed two-way ANOVA to test whether there were interactions among the pre-test, middle-test, and after-test of each group. If it achieved the remarkable level, post-hoc t-comparisons with Scheffe’s method (Scheffé method) would be done further. (III) To take the G2 statistic method to test the independence of each variable, and use the independent-samples t-test to analyze the proteinuria abnormal proportion among groups. (IV) Theαequals to .05.The findings are as follows: 1. The blood lactate value of the CT was higher than the IT, indicating that the continuous training had greater impact on teen-age swimmers. 2. Through G2 statistic method, IT had higher proteinuria production rate than CT, which means IT may be higher intensity for junior swimmers. 3. No change was found on two groups after a period of swimming training. Based on the findings, it is concluded that different swimming training methods had different effects on the blood lactate and proteinuria for junior swimmers. Among them, the blood lactate of the 3000-meter-lasting CT descended much lower. However, the proteinuria abnormality proportion of the IT was higher. Therefore, one should notice the difference of this aspect at judging the exercise burden.
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Liu, Yung-Yu, and 劉永渝. "Potential effects of different disinfection methods on disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formation in swimming pool water." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45520919094227057091.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
環境衛生研究所
103
Swimming is one of the most popular sports around the world. Due to the presences of the rich organic substances and the microorganisms in swimming pools which could pose potential threats to swimmers, disinfection of the pool water is indeed essential for the better quality of the pool water. Chlorine and ozone/chlorine are the two most commonly used disinfection methods in swimming pools of Taipei. Somehow, such disinfectants would react with organic matters in the pools to form numerous disinfection byproducts (DBPs) including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), haloketones (HKs) and so on. These DBPs have been proven to lead to tumor formations of liver and kidney in animal studies and might be harmful to human health. Thus, it is necessary to assess the occurrences of DBPs and the effect of existed disinfection methods in swimming pools. The aims of this study are to evaluate the occurrences of various DBPs in swimming pool in Taipei and assess the potential effects of different disinfection technologies especially the role of ozone on the formations of various DBPs in swimming pools. This study comprised of both field sampling and laboratory simulations. Results of field sampling showed that there was a significant variation in the concentrations of TOC, TDN and THMs in pool water. Besides, there are also some differences between the pools treated with ozone/chlorine and chlorine. The results show that pools with ozone/chlorine disinfection have lower concentrations of HAAs, whereas it was surprisingly to find that higher concentrations of nitrogen-based DBPs such as HANs and HKs were also observed, which were reported to be more hazardous to human health than the carbonaceous DBPs. On the other hands, laboratory scale experiments were used to simulate the effects of ozone/chlorine and chlorine treatments for swimming pool water on DBPs formation. The results indicated that the effects of pre-ozone treatment on the occurrences of DBPs in pool water including the reductions of THMs and HAAs and potential increase of the concentrations of HKs.
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Walsh, Ginny Lyn. "Examining parents' and children's preferences for coaching methods, hedonic social activities, and extrinsic rewards in a youth swim team program." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-12-4764.
Full textAbstract:
Youth sports today often mimic professional versions of the sport. Combined with the competitive nature of society, youth sports have become a place where there are few winners and numerous losers. Additionally, many youth sport programs lack the fun, playful elements that used to be prevalent in informal sports. This study uses conjoint analysis to examine parents’ and children’s preferences for coaching methods (intervals, stroke drills, relays, and challenges), hedonic social activities (fun games, parties, and social events), and extrinsic rewards (best time ribbons, place ribbons, and participation ribbons) in a youth swim team program. The conjoint analysis offers insight about which coaching methods, hedonic social activities, and extrinsic rewards are preferred and acceptable to parents and children. Parents and children had similar preferences with their main desire being for the child to learn how to swim. Results indicate that parents and children are socialized into a belief of what sports programs should encompass and that current youth swim team programs are not serving all children.text
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Pelarigo, Jailton Gregório. "Biophysical Analysis of Aerobic Endurance Performance in Swimming - Comparison of Different Methods for the Aerobic Capacity Evaluation." Tese, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/77619.
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Pelarigo, Jailton Gregório. "Biophysical Analysis of Aerobic Endurance Performance in Swimming - Comparison of Different Methods for the Aerobic Capacity Evaluation." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/77619.
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Vlčková, Kamila. "Předplavecká příprava v MŠ Žalany a její vliv na další úroveň základních plaveckých dovedností v 1. třídě základní školy." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353210.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses on the methodological approaches in teaching basic swimming skills with children of preschool and school age in Primary school and Kindergarten Žalany. In the theoretical part is all about teaching children swimming. There are described characteristics of preschool and school age with its specifics. Conclusion of the theoretical part focuses on teaching children swimming in the Czech republic according to applicable standards. The practical part is focused on examining the impact of pre-swimming preparation in Kindergarten Žalany in comparative tests with children in the 1st class of Primary school Žalany. The main methods of the research are to observation, scoring the level of basic swimming skills with the subsequent processing of the data obtained. Key words younger school age, swimming, swimming skills, pre-swimming preparation, preschool age, swimming lesson of children
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Kraumanová, Klára. "Metody nácviku plaveckého dýchání pro děti mladšího školního věku." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-315767.
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Title: Swimming breathing training methods for younger school-age children Author: Klára Kraumanová, DiS. Department: Physical Education Department Supervisor: Mgr. Babeta Chrzanowská Abstract: The present work provides a set of training methods for swimming breathing, that is designed for younger school-age children. It also provides the set of tests, that was used on selected group for proof of validity of statement, that swimming breathing is an integral part of swimming training. Keywords: swimming breathing, basic swimming skills, swimming breathing training methods, younger school-age children
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Sobotková, Barbara. "Vliv plaveckého výcviku na rozvoj vybraných koordinačních schopností u dětí mladšího školního věku." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446415.
Full textAbstract:
The main aim of this diploma thesis is to find out how swimming training affects the development of selected coordination skills in children of younger school age. Selected motor tests were used for this finding. The study group was a group of girls and boys of younger school age. Testing was performed twice for each student. The first testing took place at the beginning of the school year at the beginning of the school training. The second testing took place after completing five swimming lessons. The theoretical part of the work is focused on swimming, motor skills, coordination skills and characteristics of younger school age. In the practical part there are processed, compared and evaluated the results of coordination tests. In the processing of results were used methods of testing, observation, statistical method of data processing, arithmetic averaging, mode and median methods. The summary results showed that swimming training has a positive effect on the coordination skills of children of younger school age, as an improvement was found in all tested individuals. KEYWORDS swimming training, coordination skills, swimming methods, tests, swimmer, younger school age
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(8726829), Vaseem A. Shaik. "The Motion of Drops and Swimming Microorganisms: Mysterious Influences of Surfactants, Hydrodynamic Interactions, and Background Stratification." Thesis, 2020.
Find full textAbstract:
Microorganisms and drops are ubiquitous in nature: while drops can be found in sneezes, ink-jet printers, oceans etc, microorganisms are present in our stomach, intestine, soil, oceans etc. In most situations they are present in complex conditions: drop spreading on a rigid or soft substrate, drop covered with impurities that act as surfactants, marine microbe approaching a surfactant laden drop in density stratified oceanic waters in the event of an oil spill etc. In this thesis, we extract the physics underlying the influence of two such complicated effects (surfactant redistribution and density-stratification) on the motion of drops and swimming microorganisms when they are in isolation or in the vicinity of each other. This thesis is relevant in understanding the bioremediation of oil spill by marine microbes.We divide this thesis into two themes. In the first theme, we analyze the motion of motile microorganisms near a surfactant-laden interface in homogeneous fluids. We begin by calculating the translational and angular velocities of a swimming microorganism outside a surfactant-laden drop by assuming the surfactant is insoluble, incompressible, and non-diffusing, as such system is relevant in the context of bioremediation of oil spill. We then study the motion of swimming microorganism lying inside a surfactant-laden drop by assuming the surfactant is insoluble, compressible, and has large surface diffusivity. This system is ideal for exploring the nonlinearities associated with the surfactant transport phenomena and is relevant in the context of targeted drug delivery systems wherein one uses synthetic swimmers to transport the drops containing drug. We then analyze the motion of a swimming organism in a liquid film covered with surfactant without making any assumptions about the surfactant and this system is relevant in the case of free-standing films containing swimming organisms as well as in the initial stages of the biofilm formation. In the second theme, we consider a density-stratified background fluid without any surfactants. In this theme, we examine separately a towed drop and a swimming microorganism, and find the drag acting on the drop, drop deformation, and the drift volume induced by the drop as well as the motility of the swimming microorganism.
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Mička, Lukáš. "Psychologická příprava ve sportovním plavání." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313064.
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Title of work Psychological training at the sports swimming Goal of work Goal of work is to ascertain the degree of foreknowledge and the utilization of the psychological training as well as managing the emotive condition in contest situations at sports swimming. The role of the research object played the men and women swimmers of the representative teams of the Czech Republic. Techniques and methodology Collection of dates is based on a questionnaire survey. This questionnaire survey was put together for the sake of the goal's purpose and revised by specialists at psychology and swimming. The gained data are presented by means of the quantitive projection in the chart and graphic form. Outcome The final outcome proves a certain cognizance of the competitive swimmers about the relevance of the psychological training. But by most of them is the psychological training considered as insufficient. Only few of the respondents take the advantage of coactions with a sports psychologist. The most frequented psychological methods used by swimmers are - verbal influencing, self-regulatory resources and music incentive. Key words Swimming, psychological training methods, contest condition, emotions.
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Li, Fangying. "Důvody předčasného ukončení plavecké kariéry v Číně." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412423.
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Topic: The Factors Influencing Early Termination of Swimming Career in China Goals: We studied a number of young Chinese swimmers who experienced early retirement. Great attention is paid to the reasons why Chinese swimmers ended their careers at a relatively young age. The goal of this thesis is to find out reasons that make Chinese swimmers choose to end their career during their top-performance period and at a much younger age compared with their counterparts worldwide. Meanwhile, finding potential solutions to the situation is also considered as one of the goals of the thesis. Methods: On the basis of literature review, in this study, we collect the characteristics of Chinese swimmers who have experienced early intensive specialized training by conducting observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Results: The number of Chinese swimmers who took early retirement increased incredibly during past twenty years. According to the interviews and the results of the questionnaires, the reasons why Chinese swimmers tend to finish their career at a relatively young age can be classified as follows: 1. Despite the professional training, they lack the spirit while they are training. 2. There are few materials guarantees after they finish their career. 3. Not all swimmers are given what they deserve due...
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Revayová, Anna. "Automatizované monitorování chování jako nové paradigma ve výzkumu depresivní choroby." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-343123.
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The rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine changed the direction of the research of potential antidepressants and its effect was also evaluated in this thesis. However, the main focus of this thesis is a new methodological approach to the research of depressive disorder. The main interest lies with the evaluation of automated monitoring of behaviour in this research. The first aim of this thesis was to evaluate the antidepressant effect of ketamine in the forced swimming test using software enabling automated monitoring of behaviour. The second aim was to meassure the change in phosphorylated Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). The last, but the most important aim of this thesis was to implement the utilization of Phenotyper boxes in the automated behavioural evaluation of the olfactory bulbectomy model of depressive disorder and also evaluate the effect of ketamine in this model. Ketamine did not show an antidepressant effect in forced swimming test, however this observation could be influenced by chosen dose and mouse strain. Sensitivity of the test to chosen experimental protocol shows insufficient validity of this test. Observed change in level of phosphorylated mTOR corresponded with the behavioural results. Data collected from Phenotyper...
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Liu, Bing-Hsien, and 劉柄顯. "Investigation of Teaching and Learning Effect Perception between the Total Immersion Fishlike Swimming and Traditional Swimming Education Method." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58012336151136741361.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立體育大學
休閒產業經營學系碩士班
101
The researcher found that teaching and learning front craw stroke (freestyle) is hard to changing breath, because with too much strength and not efficacy and unbalance body while swimming. Terry Laughlin invested the total Immersion (Fishlike) Swimming Education Method (TIFSEM). After a long term observed on teachers and students’ front craw stroke (freestyle) teaching and learning process, TIFSEM had a better improvement. Although TIFSEM does improve most of the inefficient parts of traditional Taipei city Level B swimming instructor education method, however, there are still some parts that can be improved and corrected. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to discuss on the teaching learning efficiency differences between TIFSEM and Taipei city Level B swimming instructor education method. The study was qualitative-oriented and the data was collected by focus group and interview. There were 20 objectives invited to join the focused group and also had interview afterward; the researcher also interviewed 2 experts for the study. For the data trustworthiness, the researcher used the triangulation method. The results of this study showed as following: 1. TIFSEM decomposes the teaching and learning steps more reasonable at changing breath action and teachers and students can understand it easier. 2. TIFSEM more focuses on the balance of front/back and left/right. Teachers and students don’t need to practice lots of strength training as the traditional method. 3. TIFSEM obviously saves lots of time to learn the action of changing breath. 4. There are still some strengths and weakness of two methods need to be explored. The researcher suggests that adapting the advantages of TIFSEM and merging into the traditional swimming education method can inhance freeatyle swimming skill and learning effectiveness. Keywords: Total Immersion Fishlike Swimming, Traditional swimming education method, Freestyle, Learning effect
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Guan, Xiao-Fen, and 官筱芬. "Development of swimming exercise tracking method based on 3-axis accelerometer." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74855597241769097608.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
105
This paper proposes an algorithm that can trace swimming algorithm, such as stroke counts, laps and swimming styles in real time. Our algorithm consists of two distinct parts. The first part is sensory data processing phase and the second part is stroke analysis phase. In the beginning of our algorithm, sensory data processing phase collects the data from triaxial accelerometer and eliminate floating signal. After that, our algorithm will judge whether the user starts to swim or not. Next part, stroke analysis phase, which computes stroke counts, laps and swimming styles. The experiment revealed that the average accuracy of left and right hand with our algorithm in stroke counts is 97.04%, in lap counts is 96.73% and in swimming style recognition is 92.69%. The average accuracy of left and right hand with commercially available swim watch (Garmin) in stroke counts is 92.15%, in lap counts is 88.91% and in swimming style recognition is 82.24%. According to the experimental results, the algorithm, proposed by this paper, has a higher accuracy than other devices and other algorithms. Therefore, our algorithm can efficiently compute stroke counts, laps and swimming styles in real time. According to the experimental results, the algorithm, proposed by this paper, has a higher accuracy than other devices and other algorithms. Therefore, our algorithm can efficiently compute stroke counts, laps and swimming styles in real time.
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CHANG, CHIEN-YI, and 張健毅. "Using the Delphi method to explore factors affecting Taiwan's development of competitive Swimming." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42ry7n.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中國文化大學
體育學系運動教練碩博士班
107
This study was prompted by the stagnation facing the Taiwan in promoting competitive swimming and pursuing achievement in the international competitions. The purpose of the study was to explore possible factors affecting the development of competitive swimming. A qualitative research design was adopted by using the Delphi method. A three-round Delphi survey was undertaken to elicit professional opinions and refine the views from the Delphi panel (n=24). Eighteen issues in three different aspects (i.e., policy factors, organizational factors, and environmental factors) were identified by the panel to have potential influences that contributed to the current status and progress of competitive swimming. The findings of the Delphi study provide practical information to practitioners in Taiwan towards a clearer understanding of the problems facing the national government and swimming organizations at all levels. Based on the findings, recommendations are made to provide future policy directions and suggestions to enhance Taiwan’s development and future international success. Key words: competitive swimming, policy factors, Delphi technique
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Nathan, Vinay. "Analysis of Unsteady Incompressible Potential Flow Over a Swimming Slender Fish and a Swept Wing Tail." Thesis, 2015. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3551.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with computing the pressure distribution around a swimming slender fish
and the thrust generated by its flapping motion. The body of the fish is modeled as a missile like slender body to which a tail is attached that is modeled as a swept wing. The tail is attached to the tip of the slender body and maintains its slope with it. The motion for the swimming fish is prescribed. The fluid flow is modeled as an unsteady potential flow problem with the flow around the slender body modeled as flow over an array of cylinders of varying radii and the flow over the swept wing modeled using the vortex panel method.
The pressure distribution is computed using the unsteady Bernoulli equation. The overall
thrust & drag for different parameters are studied and compared
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Hong, Jian-Lun, and 洪健綸. "The Study of Using the Frustrated Total Reflection Method and the Surface Plasma Wave Configurations to Analyze the Disinfect Water for a Swimming Pool." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51189277227453057980.
Full textAbstract:
碩士健行科技大學
電子工程系碩士班
104
This research studied chlorine from a swimming pool which was stimulated surface plasma wave using frustrated total reflection type method with Kretschmann configuration and Otto configuration. The Kretschmann configuration consists of prismatic-metal film-DUT of gallium phosphide; the Otto configuration consists of prismatic-DUT-metal film of gallium phosphide. The simulation of the study was conducted according to the frustrated total reflection type method to stimulated surface plasma wave with Kretschmann and Otto configuration. The optical experiments whose architecture referred both of these configuration measured metal surface plasma waves using three reflectance formulas and MATLAB software in this paper. This study is mainly to find the difference of resonance angle of surface plasma waves of hydrochloric acid in the water of a swimming pool which was dissolved chlorine powder or tablets under Kretschmann and Otto configuration for different thickness of metal film layer (gold, silver).
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MAŠKOVÁ, Lenka. "Vliv plavání na tělesný rozvoj dítěte v kojeneckém věku\\." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-46821.
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The work deals with questions of infant swimming and determines how this motion activity influences motion development of child. The theoretical part describes the history of infant swimming, child´s psychomotor development which is significant for this activity and the characteristics of the field of infant swimming. The experimental part follows with a clarification of both elementary methodics and initial examination of all participating children aged three months in accordance with Vojta´s method. Enclosed video recording shows next part of the experiment - swimming in tub and swimming in pool. After nine months all children were examined in accordance with Vojta´s method again. The comparison of the experimental and control groups is shown in charts processed with non-parametrical statistical method. Literature states that swimming helps remove various imperfections and abnormalities in body posture. This work determines whether it is true.\\