Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Swale'
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1
Poarch, Patricia J. "Big Impact. Small Scale. Rethinking Water Aid for Hurricane Relief." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368013310.
2
Christmas, Martin. "Phosphorus dynamics in the Swale-Ouse river system." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4670/.
Abstract:
A study was made of the phosphorus ecology of the Swale - Ouse river in northern England. It ranges from a stream draining a peat moorland to a mature river influenced by urbanisation (estimated population 250 000) and intensive agriculture. The aims were to assess the concentration and variability of aqueous N and P on spatial and temporal scales, and the response of two common mosses, Fontinalis antipyretica and Rhynchostegium riparioides, to those changes. Key aspects included analysis of water chemistry, internal nutrient contents of mosses, and 'surface' phosphatase activity. The rate of activity of m situ plants was measured over an annual period, in conjunction with short-term studies of transplanted populations. Studies of phosphatase activity in the water also were carried out to assess the biological cycling of phosphorus. Aqueous total phosphorus and total dissolved nitrogen concentration increased on passing down the river. In the upper reaches, total phosphorus comprised equal contributions of dissolved organic and inorganic phosphorus, which were almost certainly derived from diffuse sources. Further downstream, total phosphorus was almost entirely comprised of inorganic phosphorus from point source inputs. The nitrogen and phosphorus content of Fontinalis antipyretica and Rhynchostegium riparioides increased on passing downstream, consistent with the water chemistry. The rate of phosphomonoesterase activity of both mosses was high in the upper reaches of the river, and was inversely related to nutrient content. Fontinalis antipyretica sampled from streams draining peat moorland was shown to have a high phosphodiesterase : phosphomonoesterase ratio. A possible explanation for this is that peat is a potentially rich source of phosphodiester substrate, although increased phosphodiesterase activity may be a response to extreme phosphorus limitation. Transplantation of F. antipyretica showed that internal nutrient content and phosphatase activity respond to changes in ambient nutrients. Aqueous phosphomonoesterase activity was studied over a 12-month period. Laboratory and field studies suggest it plays an important role in the. phosphorus dynamics of the Swale - Ouse river system.
3
Ainsworth, Andrew Mark. "Microbial organic nitrogen transformations in the River Swale-Ouse system." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301371.
4
Wilson, Laura R. "Evaluation of a Constructed Dry Swale for Treatment of Stormwater Runoff." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/WilsonLR2004.pdf.
5
Stockley, Rosalind Antonia. "Detritus processing in the River Swale-Ouse : the role of macroinvertebrates." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298585.
6
Grove, James Robin. "Downstream change in the processes of riverbank erosion along the River Swale, UK." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2001. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4429/.
Abstract:
This study was designed to test the hypothesis that riverbank erosion processes altered with increasing distance from a river source. The River Swale, northern England, was monitored at nine sites throughout its 109-km length, from December 1995 – March 1998. Erosion pins, bank-edge surveying, and Photo-Electronic Erosion Pins (PEEPs) were used to determine rates and timings of erosion. The rates were compared against a range of environmental variables based on temperature, river stage, and precipitation at 14-day intervals for erosion pins and 15-minute intervals for PEEPs. This allowed processes of erosion to be inferred. Catchment erosion rates were modelled using quadratic equations, simulating a mid-basin peak of 3.58 m a\(^{-1}\). Rates of erosion were low upstream, 0.07 m a\(^{-1}\), and also downstream, 0.12 m a\(^{-1}\). Subaerial processes, especially frost action, dominated upstream. Fluvial entrainment was most influential mid-catchment. Mass failures were most efficient downstream, but were more frequent mid-catchment. Piping, sapping and cantilever failures did not follow the same trends and were modelled separately. The length of the erosion season increased downstream as the number of active processes increased.
7
Jones, Heather A. "A Vegetational Analysis of Interdunal Swale Communities of False Cape State Park, Currituck Spit, Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625723.
8
Druery, Karen Diane. "Geochemical and geomorphological controls on metal accumulation in soils and plants of the River Swale, U.K." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440448.
9
Rowley, Maxine Joy, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Science and Technology. "Spatial distribution of phosphorus in the sediments of a constructed wetland receiving treated sewage effluent." THESIS_FST_XXX_Rowley_M.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/403.
Abstract:
The Byron Bay Sewage Treatment work consists of a conventional treatment system discharging into an 8 ha wetland. The wetland was constructed around the dune and swale remnants of a coastal beach ridge formation. The wetland design incorporated stands of broad leaf paperback, Melaleuca quinquenervia , in two distinct Sections, separated by, and each preceded by, open water Sections fringed by predominantly emergent macrophytes. Spatial and temporal patterns in sediment phosphorus concentrations were examined using sediment cores. Core consisted of three main sediment types - surface organic accumulation, pre-existing organic layers and sand. Results suggest that the design and management of wetland systems should be aimed at maximising the deposition of sediment (and associated phosphorus) and minimising subsequent phosphorus release from the sediment. This might be achieved through the removal of accumulated organic sediments to retain the phosphorus adsorption capacity of the system, consideration of wind direction during periods of high (floating) plant growth (as detritus may accumulate along the up-wind edges of the wetland), incorporation of deep zones to minimise sediment phosphorus release and the inclusion of stands of M. quinquenervia. Results highlight pitfalls in the prevailing approach to wetland design, which ignore the complex functions which occur in natural wetland systems. A more holistic approach incorporating a high diversity of ecozones in wetland design is proposed, in effect mimicking natural systems.Master of Science (Hons)
10
Oyelola, O. O. "The use of compost and recycled aggregates in the treatment of runoff pollutants in vegetated sustainable drainage devices such as swale." Thesis, Coventry University, 2013. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/082ceb3a-f311-4f8e-829f-5120b168724a/1.
Abstract:
Urbanisation, a process associated with industrialisation and development has been characterised by unsustainable impacts such as increased impervious surfaces, increased air pollution, increased use of natural resources, increased volume of surface run-off, decreased quality of surface run-off, and depletion of biodiversity and habitats. The effects of these impacts on the environment include climate change, flooding, erosion, pollution of water bodies, and destruction of aquatic life and biodiversity. Studies have shown that sustainable designs such as Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) would help mitigate some of these effects sustainably. SuDS are natural drainage systems that simulate the natural drainage of a site/catchment and work in harmony to achieve increase in ground infiltration and treatment of runoff; and reduction in flow rates and volume of surface runoff, thereby improving storm water quality, reducing erosion, recharging groundwater, improving biodiversity and ultimately improving sustainability. However, sustainability of SuDS devices are questionable because their component parts involve the use of natural resources i.e. topsoil and gravel. The overall aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of the application of recycled/waste materials in performing at least as well as topsoil and gravel in vegetative SuDS, thereby improving water quality and overall sustainability. The materials applied were compost and recycled aggregates. In assessing their efficacy in vegetative SuDS, the risk these materials could pose to water quality was not overlooked but was considered in establishing an ideal model for the treatment of pollutants in vegetative SuDS. Results of this research showed that overall compost and recycled aggregates were able to perform at least as well as gravel and topsoil in vegetative SuDS in terms of characterisation, biofilm and vegetative development, and remediation of runoff pollutants thereby improving the sustainability of vegetative SuDS. Compared to gravel and topsoil, characterisation of compost and recycled aggregates was shown to be less expensive, less time consuming (except for recycled aggregates) and more sustainable, in terms of conserving natural resources. It was deduced that compost would be able to biodegrade organic pollutants in vegetative SuDS in varying conditions, compared to topsoil, thereby improving water quality. Vegetative growth in profiles containing compost were more prolific than those with topsoil alone, indicating that vegetative SuDS containing compost would attenuate stormwater and remediate pollutants by phytoremediation, better than topsoil. Results showed that compost and recycled aggregates performed as well as gravel and topsoil in remediating pollutants, with >98% of pollutants being retained mostly within the growth media, confirming that most pollutants are treated within the growth media of vegetative SuDS devices. This research was able to establish that SuDS components can be as unsustainable as components of conventional drainage systems in terms of their social, economic and environmental impacts; and that recycled materials could perform just as well as conventional materials, whilst improving their sustainability. This research further established that compost and recycled aggregates can be used in vegetative SuDS, such as swales, as literature has shown that the use of compost and recycled aggregates in vegetative SuDS has been limited to compost blankets and socks and substrates for green roofs. Suggestions for other waste materials that can be used instead topsoil and gravel in vegetative SuDS were also made. Results from this research were applied in the development of a swale model for the treatment of pollutants in vegetative SuDS.
11
Kahnberg, Martin. "English Place-Names from a Scandinavian Perspective : A study on place-names in Herefordshire, Cumbria and the areas reachable by Viking ship through the Humber." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84929.
Abstract:
In an attempt to discern the prevalence of British place-names with a Scandinavian origin this paper is a small linguistic study on place-names in Herefordshire, Cumbria and the areas along rivers Trent and Ouse. Based on modern maps place-names were included in the study. Older forms of the place-names were retrieved, and these old forms were analysed in order to understand the modern versions of the place-names. Place-name elements were grouped and their frequencies calculated in an attempt to understand the distribution of elements in each area. 1300 place-names were categorised based on their presumed origin, though some lacked the necessary information. Several place-names were given new possible derivations based on their categorisation and the elements they contained. Modern place-name elements/features hinting at a possibly Scandinavian place-name in the past were identified and described. Possible geographical patterns of Scandinavian place-names were found in central Herefordshire, in south-eastern Cumbria and in north-western Yorkshire. Possible implications of the place-names and their geographical concentrations were considered, yielding a hint on an area that might have been pivotal in the evolution of Old English.I ett försök att urskilja utbredningen av brittiska ortnamn med ett skandinaviskt ursprung är denna uppsats en liten språkvetenskaplig studie av ortnamn i Herefordshire, Cumbria och längs floderna Trent och Ouse. Utifrån moderna kartor i en viss upplösning inkluderades alla synliga ortnamn i områdena. Äldre versioner av ortnamnen samlades in, och dessa gamla former analyserades i syfte att undersöka bakgrunden till de moderna ortnamnsvarianterna. Ortnamnens delar grupperades och deras frekvenser beräknades i syfte att förstå hur dessa fördelades i de olika områdena. 1300 ortnamn kategoriserades utifrån deras förmodade ursprung, men några ortnamn saknade den nödvändiga information undersökningen krävde. Flera ortnamn fick nya tänkbara betydelser baserat på den kategori de tilldelats och de ortnamnsdelar de innehöll. Moderna ortnamnsdelar som skulle kunna indikera en forntida nordisk ortnamnsvariant identifierades och beskrevs. Tänkbara geografiska nordiska ortnamnsmönster upptäcktes i centrala Herefordshire, i sydöstra Cumbria och i nordvästra Yorkshire. Tänkbara implikationer av ortnamnen och deras geografiska koncentrationer betraktades, vilket resulterade i upptäckten av ett område som kan ha påverkat fornengelskans utveckling i väldigt hög utsträckning.
12
Young, Elizabeth Anne. "Monitoring and measuring the impacts and environmental implications of flood events on contaminated sediment dispersal in the River Swale catchment, North Yorkshire." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2006. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20036/.
Abstract:
The extraction, processing and smelting of ores has long been responsible for the release of heavy metals into the fluvial environment. As a consequence numerous studies have reported enhanced metal concentrations found in association with the sediments of rivers and in their surrounding floodplains. This thesis investigates the mobilisation, transport and the overbank deposition of sediment-associated heavy metals during flood events on the River Swale, North Yorkshire. This catchment has a prolonged history of mining for lead and zinc which spans approximately 2,000 years. Contemporary overbank sediment deposits for the fbll length of the river system were examined following three flood events that occurred in 2002. The quantity of sediment deposited and concentrations of associated metals were determined as well as the metal deposition flux and speciation, by using various analytical procedures including a nitric acid digestion and the BCR sequential extraction method. Physical characteristics such as sediment grain size, pH, loss on ignition and carbonate content were also investigated. Floodplain sedimentation rates were relatively high during the floods and the patterns in metal concentrations were both spatially and temporally consistent. The locations of most concern were located within the headwaters of the catchment where lead concentrations exceeded 25,000 mg kg'. Investigations into the mobility of the sediment-associated metals revealed that up to 88% of cadmium was found within the exchangeable phase of the sediment, however the concentrations of exchangeable lead and zinc were much higher and surpassed UK Government guidelines for crop growth and grazing livestock. Concentrations of exchangeable lead and zinc reached 19,241 mg kg' and 1,457 mg kg' respectively. Locations of 'exchangeable metal hotspots' with high levels of bioavailable metals were repeatedly found within the upper 21 km of the catchnent, around the confluence of tributaries which drain once intensively mined areas. These very high concentrations potentially pose a risk to flora and fauna that grow or graze on the floodplain surrounding the River Swale if they are taken up or ingested. Remediation measures could be adopted to treat either the source of metals in order to prevent them entering the fluvial system, reduce the concentrations already in the contaminated floodplain, or minimise the area inundated by flood waters. Alternatively, land management strategies could be adopted in order to reduce the potential for metal uptake by plants and animals and subsequently entering into the foodchain.
13
Milewa, Timothy. "Local participation in health and social services planning : the limits to local empowerment in a case study of new particpatory structures in Medway-Swale." Thesis, University of Kent, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282486.
14
Rydholm, Fredrik. "Sorption of Stormwater Pollutants for Five Material Mixtures: A batch Equlibrium Study." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86150.
Abstract:
Blue-green infrastructure have been more lucrative during the last 30 years, since urbanizationbrings more impervious surfaces that increases stormwater runoff volumes. Amongst thedifferent blue-green infrastructures there are e.g., constructed wetlands and swales. Blue-greeninfrastructure means more natural management of the stormwater, such as infiltration. Forinfiltration of water, the hydraulic conductivity is an important parameter, but also the abilityto remove dissolved pollutants. In literature, various studies of filter materials are only testedfor single dissolved pollutants, which might be a disadvantage as this does not represent fieldconditions where metals usually co-exist. Economic costs are also an important parameter,unfortunately not always targeted in research. In this thesis, the efficiency of five different material mixtures for removing typical dissolvedstormwater pollutants: chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb) andzinc (Zn) were studied. The mixtures were following: 1) crushed rock + soil (RO_SO) 2)crushed rock + soil + LECA 4/10 + biochar (RO_SO_BC_LC4). 3) crushed rock + soil + LECA10/20 + biochar (RO_SO_BC_LC10). 4) Soil (SO). 5) crushed rock + soil + biochar(RO_SO_BC). This study was a part of blue-green investments that is being made in Östersundmunicipality and the use of low-cost materials for stormwater treatment are examined. The study was made using batch equilibrium tests, to determine the sorption capacity fordifferent material mixtures, using dissolved metal- and P-solutions. The measured data werefitted to Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Redlich-Petersonisotherms. Economic feasibility has also been compared between the material mixtures.Results showed that SO had the best sorption capacity for all metals and P, with rankingPb > Cr > Cu > Ni > Zn for the metals. All material mixtures showed a removal efficiency of79-99%, at the lowest concentration (1mg/L) for the metals and 31-62% for the lowestconcentration of P-single solution (1mg/L). Using additional materials in the mixtures, such asbiochar, slightly improved the sorption capacities of Pb and P. Redlich-Peterson isothermsprovided the best fits to the data. An economic evaluation of the ingoing materials shows thatSO and RO_SO are undoubtedly the most feasible alternatives for removal of targeted metalsand P.
15
Kitheka, Bernard M. Mr. "INVENTORY OF STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE CITY OF OXFORD, OHIO." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1274732505.
16
Larm, Thomas. "Watershed-based design of stormwater treatment facilities : model development and applications." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Tekniska högsk, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3103.
17
Rowley, Maxine Joy. "Spatial distribution of phosphorus in the sediments of a constructed wetland receiving treated sewage effluent." Thesis, [Richmond, N.S.W.] : Centre for Water and Environmental Technology, Water Research Laboratory, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/403.
Abstract:
The Byron Bay Sewage Treatment work consists of a conventional treatment system discharging into an 8 ha wetland. The wetland was constructed around the dune and swale remnants of a coastal beach ridge formation. The wetland design incorporated stands of broad leaf paperback, Melaleuca quinquenervia , in two distinct Sections, separated by, and each preceded by, open water Sections fringed by predominantly emergent macrophytes. Spatial and temporal patterns in sediment phosphorus concentrations were examined using sediment cores. Core consisted of three main sediment types - surface organic accumulation, pre-existing organic layers and sand. Results suggest that the design and management of wetland systems should be aimed at maximising the deposition of sediment (and associated phosphorus) and minimising subsequent phosphorus release from the sediment. This might be achieved through the removal of accumulated organic sediments to retain the phosphorus adsorption capacity of the system, consideration of wind direction during periods of high (floating) plant growth (as detritus may accumulate along the up-wind edges of the wetland), incorporation of deep zones to minimise sediment phosphorus release and the inclusion of stands of M. quinquenervia. Results highlight pitfalls in the prevailing approach to wetland design, which ignore the complex functions which occur in natural wetland systems. A more holistic approach incorporating a high diversity of ecozones in wetland design is proposed, in effect mimicking natural systems.
18
Rigby, Benjamin. "Stormwater Capture in the Built Watershed: Fostering Public Awareness of Water Conservation Through a Parcel-level Approach to Stormwater Management." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/85.
Abstract:
As California contends with climate change and more extreme cycles of drought and deluge, water management agencies and conservation groups are looking towards solutions to the decreasing reliability of imported water supplies. Stormwater has historically been perceived as a threat to development but when captured properly, it presents a resource that can augment local water supplies. Solutions to water supply issues in California have traditionally employed technical and centrally controlled methods for importing water, but there is a growing understanding that parcel-level capture through vegetated swales presents an opportunity for reducing the impact that development has on California’s hydrology. Vegetated swales mimic nature’s effectiveness in reducing runoff speeds, removing pollutants and increasing groundwater supplies. No less a piece of California’s water infrastructure than canals and dams, these swales bring water infrastructure into the context of the California landscape. My report for the Chino Basin Water Conservation District analyzes the feasibility of installing vegetated swales in the Chino Basin region.
19
Fardel, Alexandre. "Fonctionnement hydraulique et propriétés épuratoires de techniques alternatives de gestion des eaux pluviales – cas des noues." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0018.
Abstract:
Les noues, de larges fossés souvent végétalisés, sont des systèmes plébiscités par les aménageurs pour gérer à la source les eaux de ruissellement. Leur conception a connu depuis les années 1980 de profondes évolutions (géométrie, matériaux, végétation) qui affectent leurs fonctions. Alors que les noues standards (ouvrages obtenus par simple terrassement d’un sol local) sont historiquement aménagées pour canaliser les eaux de ruissellement, de nouveaux types de noues dotés de massifs filtrants offrent des perspectives prometteuses en matière de gestion des flux polluants. Ce travail de thèse porte sur (i) l’amélioration des connaissances sur les performances épuratoires et hydrologiques des noues et (ii) l’identification de leurs paramètres d’influence afin d’optimiser leur conception. L’analyse statistique d’une base de données spécifiquement construite pour cette étude montre que les performances épuratoires les plus élevées des noues (abattements les plus élevés) sont souvent associées aux polluants présents dans la phase particulaire. Les niveaux de concentration des polluants dans les eaux de ruissellement ont été identifiés comme le facteur majeur affectant les performances épuratoires des noues. Afin de mieux décrire les fonctionnements hydrauliques et épuratoires de ce type d’ouvrage et d’évaluer dans des conditions contrôlées l’influence de certains paramètres (matériaux, modalité d’alimentation) sur leurs performances, un dispositif pilote, constitué de deux noues aux caractéristiques contrastées (une noue standard et une noue de filtration), a été spécifiquement aménagé au CSTB Nantes. Ce dispositif original permet de reproduire des évènements de ruissellement urbain avec différentes conditions de débits d’entrée et de charges polluantes, pour deux modalités d’alimentation : alimentation concentrée en tête de noue ou alimentation latérale diffuse. Les réponses des noues à différentes conditions d’alimentation ont pu être analysées grâce à un important dispositif instrumental permettant de caractériser finement les flux d’eau et de polluants en entrée/sortie de système. Les expérimentations conduites sur ce dispositif pilote montrent que les noues de filtration offrent de meilleurs bénéfices hydrologiques et épuratoires comparées aux noues standards. Les expérimentations montrent aussi l’intérêt de privilégier une alimentation latérale de la noue pour optimiser ses performancesSwales are vegetated open-drainage systems which are increasingly being used by practitioners to manage stormwater runoff. Swale’s design has considerably evolved from the 1980s (geometry, soil materials, vegetal cover), expanding their functionalities. While standard swales (built by merely grading a local topsoil) are traditionally implemented on the field to canalize the runoff, new types of swales composed with filtering media offer promising perspectives to manage the stormwater pollutant fluxes. The goals of this research are to (i) improve the knowledges about the pollutant removal and hydrologic performances of swales, and to (ii) assess the dominant factors (design factors, runoff characteristics) influencing these performances in order to optimize swale design. The statistical investigations on an original swale database, specifically set up for this study, show that most of the highest removal efficiencies are associated to the pollutants including a particulate form. The inflow concentration was identified as a major factor influencing the pollutant removal efficiencies of swales. To better characterize swale hydraulics and pollutant treatment, and to evaluate under controlled conditions some factors that could affect their performances (swale materials, inflow pathway), a pilot system, comprising two distinct types of swale (a standard swale and a filtering swale), was specifically built at the CSTB Nantes. This original facility provides supplying the swales with a wide variety of artificial urban runoff events in terms of flowrates, pollutant loads and inflow pathways (lateral diffuse inflows or concentrated upstream inflows). The analyses of the swale responses to different water supply conditions were based on the measurements from various measuring devices providing a thoroughly characterization of water and pollutant load fluxes. The experimental investigations on this pilot facility demonstrate that the filtering swales could offer improved hydrological and pollutant treatment benefits compared to the standard swales. The experimental investigations also highlight the benefits from supplying a swale with lateral inflows compared to upstream inflows
20
Bäckström, Magnus. "Grassed swales for urban storm drainage /." Luleå, 2002. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2002/06/index.html.
21
Bäckström, Magnus. "Grassed swales for urban storm drainage." Doctoral thesis, Luleå, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25702.
Abstract:
This thesis investigates the environmental, economic and functional aspects of using grassed swales for the conveyance and treatment of stormwater. A grassed swale is a shallow, grass-lined channel. The environmental aspects relate to the transport and retention of stormwater pollutants in grassed swales and the utilisation of natural resources for the construction and operation of different stormwater transport systems (e.g. grassed swales). The economic aspects considered are the costs needed to construct and operate stormwater transport systems. The investigated functional aspects of grassed swales relate to conveyance and infiltration. Two full-scale studies were performed: 1) a study of sediment removal in a 70-m long grassed swale (Gammelstad, Luleå) and 2) a study of the transport and retention of suspended solids and heavy metals in a 110-m roadside grassed swale (Södra Hamnleden, Luleå). Particle trapping and flow conditions in different grassed swales were analysed using a standardised runoff event simulation procedure where water and road sediment were mixed in a 1-m3 tank and then pumped into a swale. The utilisation of resources of a pipe system and a swale system was analysed. It was suggested that the use of physical resources (in terms of exergy) could be one indicator on environmental sustainability and that a cost analysis would measure how society (human beings) valued these resources. Grassed swales with fully developed turfs and mild bottom slopes (<7%) provide high flow resistance. Grassed swales require lower amounts of natural resources, in terms of exergy, than a comparable stormwater pipe system. A grassed swale is more cost-efficient than a pipe system in areas with low land prices and good topsoil. The variations in pollutant removal efficiency of a grassed swale could be explained by the variations in influent pollutant concentrations. In general, grassed swales may be regarded as facilities that even out the peaks in pollutant loads without being capable of producing consistent high removal rates. Low to moderate removal efficiencies could be expected for heavy metals, especially metals in solution (i.e. the dissolved phase). Pollutant load reductions in grassed swales may be considerable over an extended time period with several successive rain events. This thesis shows that there are exponential relationships between grassed swale sediment removal potential and mean hydraulic detention time. Furthermore, surface loading or specific swale area (i.e. the ratio between swale area and contributing impervious drainage area) might be used as design parameters when constructing grassed swales for pollution control.Godkänd; 2002; 20061113 (haneit)
22
White, Kyle Wallace. "Vegetated Swales in Urban Stormwater Modeling and Management." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42586.
Abstract:
Despite the runoff reduction efficiencies recommended by various regulatory agencies, minimal research exists regarding the ability of vegetated swales to simultaneously convey and reduce runoff. This study assessed the effect water quality swales distributed among upstream sub-watersheds had on watershed hydrology. The study was also posed to determine how certain design parameters can be dimensioned to increase runoff reduction according to the following modeling scenarios: base, base check dam height, minimum check dam height, maximum check dam height, minimum infiltration rate, maximum infiltration rate, minimum Manningâ s n, maximum Manningâ s n, minimum longitudinal slope, and maximum longitudinal slope. Peak flow rate, volume, and time to peak for each scenario were compared to the watershedâ s existing and predevelopment conditions. With respect to the existing condition, peak flow rate and volume decreased for all scenarios, and the time to peak decreased for most scenarios; the counterintuitive nature of this result was attributed to software error. Overall, the sensitivity analysis produced results contrary to the hypotheses in most cases. The cause of this result can likely be attributed to the vegetated swale design and modeling approaches producing an over designed, under constrained, and/or over discretized stormwater management practice.Master of Science
23
Rujner, Hendrik. "Green Urban Drainage Infrastructure : Hydrology and Modelling of Grass Swales." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-67325.
Abstract:
The management of urban runoff has evolved along with the advancement of understanding of runoff environmental impacts. Besides the impacts on water quality in the receiving waters, the impacts on the urban hydrologic regime include reduced infiltration by the sealing of pervious land, reduced evapotranspiration by removal of vegetation, and the resulting increase of stormwater runoff peaks and volumes causing flooding, and ultimately degradation of receiving waters. In such considerations, urban stormwater management benefits from the implementation of Green Infrastructure which includes decentralized vegetative controls that capture and infiltrates rain where it falls and thus reduces and improves stormwater runoff. An example of small scale elements of Green Infrastructure are traditional grass swales. Through shallow depressions with mild side slopes grass swales collect and infiltrate stormwater from parking lots and roads, while runoff flows are attenuated and further conveyed depending on the hydraulic loading. Grass swales usually operate reliably and their maintenance needs are well understood. Their hydrological performance is, beside their dimensions and the contributing area, determined mainly by hydraulic and soil-related hydrological parameters that change with the intensity of the storm. Yet, because swales discharge to downstream drainage elements, either to the conventional sewer system or to other stormwater management facilities, the knowledge of the underlying inter-related processes and influential factors that govern the hydraulic and hydrological performance of grass swales is required. Against this background, this thesis is devoted to such questions as (i) what are the differences in the hydraulic and hydrological performance of the studied swales, (ii) how do soil characteristics, including the antecedent soil moisture, influence the swale water balance for various hydraulic loadings; and (iii) how can the related hydrological processes be simulated in high-resolution and reliably predicted using a grid-based, distributed model. For this purpose, full-scale studies were performed in three 30-m grass swale sections in Luleå, Northern Sweden, by collecting hydraulic and hydrological data based on routine storm events mimicking block-rainfall storm events of 2 months and 3 years recurrence. The resulting runoff and soil moisture data were used to calculate the swale water balance, to derive event hydrographs and to obtain calibration and validation data for model simulations. The experimental results showed that the relative swale flow volume reduction decreased with an increasing soil moisture and indicated the transition in dominating swale functions: at low initial SWC, runoff was highly attenuated (up to 74%), but for high SWC, the conveyance function dominated (with attenuation as low as 17%). Runoff flow peaks were reduced, proportionally to the volume reductions. Swale outflow hydrograph lag times varied between 5 to 15 minutes and decreased with increasing soil moisture. The swale wetness affected runoff formation, attenuation and subsequent outlet discharge and, for the short-duration events tested, only the top soil layer contributed to these findings. In the three swales tested, soils, initial soil water content, saturated hydraulic conductivity and topography varied spatially significantly. Double-ring infiltrometer measurements resulted in values of 1.78, 4.04 and 9.41 cm/hr (n=9) in the three swales tested and deviated from estimates from averages of spatially integrated infiltration rates. However, with regard to spatial variability, only the topography, described as irregularities in the swale bottom slopes affected the swale runoff dissipation and conveyance in the early phase of the events. Together with estimates of the water stored in the top soil layer, 4-32% of runoff volumes from the mimicked 2-month storm were temporarily stored. The distributed model Mike SHE was found capable of simulating swale drainage processes, when properly calibrated. Close agreement (NSE>0.8) was found not only for the measured and simulated swale outlet hydrographs, but also for the changes of the soil moisture in the top soil layer, which shows rapid increase up to the saturated soil water content, but minor or no progression in depths of 0.2 m. The model output was little sensitive to the initial soil water content, especially for low inflow which resulted in larger residuals in simulated runoff peak flows and volumes. As in field measurements, spatial variability of the initial soil water content had no effect on the swale outflow, but the accuracy of the topographical representation. The thesis findings include several implications regarding effects of the assessed parameters in the application of the model for swale flow simulation and eventually the design of grass swales.Urban dagvattenhantering har utvecklats parallellt med en ökad förståelse för dagvattnets allmänna miljöpåverkan. Utöver ytvattenkvalitén i recipientvatten påverkas även den hydrologiska regimen genom reducerad infiltrationsförmåga i mark orsakad av allt tätare ytskikt samt reducerad evapotranspiration orsakad av minskad vegetationsutbredning. Detta ger både förhöjda toppflöden och avrinningsvolymer, vilket kan resultera i översvämning och slutligen en försämrad ytvattenkvalité i recipienterna. Dagens urbana dagvattensystem förändras mot en högre grad av grön infrastruktur som en central systemkomponent. Decentraliserad omhändertagning av dagvatten såsom svackdiken utjämnar och för bort dagvattensflöden, samtidigt som de fungerar tillförlitligt och deras underhållsåtgärder är välkända. Uppbyggda med små svackor och låglutande slänter samlar svackdiken in och infiltrerar dagvatten från parkeringsytor och vägar. Dessa svackdikens hydrologiska funktion bestäms av en rad faktorer, utöver teknisk dimensionering och avrinningsområdets storlek och hydrologi, även av hydraulik och jordartsrelaterad hydrologi som förändras beroende på respektive nederbördstillfälles intensitet och varaktighet. Eftersom svackdikens utflöde passerar nedströms liggande dagvattentekniker/anordningar, antingen konventionella ledningssystem eller andra teknologier, krävs full förståelse och kunskap om de faktorer som styr svackdikens hydraulik och hydrologi. Mot denna bakgrund fokuserar avhandlingen på frågorna (i) vilka skillnader finns med avseende på hydraulisk och hydrologisk prestanda för de studerade svackdiken, (ii) i vilken mån påverkar markartsförhållanden, inklusive ingående markfuktighet, svackdikens vattenbalans vid varierande hydraulisk belastning; samt (iii) hur och i vilken mån kan ovanstående simuleras högupplöst och förutsägbart, via den rutnätsbaserade distribuerade modellen Mike SHE. Därför har fullskaliga studier bedrivits i två 30 m långa svackdiken i Luleå kommuns södra stadsområde, där hydrauliska och hydrologiska data insamlats baserat på standardiserade nederbördsförlopp, återskapande blockregn med 2 månaders och 3 års återkomsttid. Data för avrinning och markfukthalter användes för att beräkna svackdikenas vattenbalans, nederbördförloppens hydrografer samt erhålla kalibrering- och valideringsdata för modellsimuleringar. Resultaten från experimenten visade att den volymetriska flödesreduktionen minskade relativt sett med ökande markfukthalt, indikerande en övergång för svackdikets dominerande funktionalitet: vid låga initiala SWC var avrinningen tydligt dämpad (upp till 74%), medan för höga SWC innebar att transportfunktionen dominerade (med dämpningsgrad ner mot 17%). Avrinnande momentana toppflöden reducerades proportionellt mot volymreduktionen. Laggtiden för svackdikets utflödeshydrograf varierade mellan 5 och 15 minuter och reducerades med ökande markfukthalt. Fuktförhållandena i svackdiket påverkade avrinningsförloppet, flödesdämpning och efterföljande utsläpp, och enbart svackdikets översta markskikt berördes under de kortvariga bevattningscyklerna. I de tre testade svackdikena varierade jordart, initial markfukthalt, mättad hydraulisk konduktivitet och topografi signifikant. Mätningar med dubbelrings infiltrometrar gav följande resultat, 1.78, 4.04 samt 9.41 cm/h (n=9), vilket avvek från medelvärdesbaserat estimat från spatialt integrerade infiltrationshastigheter. Med avseende på spatial variabilitet påverkade endast svackdikenas topografi, i form av ojämnheter i och nära dikesbotten, avrinningsförloppen och bortledning under den inledande fasen av regnhändelsen. Sammantaget med uppskattningar av den lagrat vatten i marklagrets toppskikt, bedöms 4-32% av svackdikets ytavrinning från ett simulerade nederbördtillfälle med 2 månaders återkomststid kunna lagras tillfälligt. Mike SHE befanns kapabel att med god noggrannhet kunna reproducera naturbundna dräneringsförlopp och flöden i svackdiken, förutsatt tillbörlig kalibrering. God överensstämmelse (NSE>0.8) framkom inte bara mellan uppmätta och simulerade utgående hydrografer, utan också beträffande ändring av markfukthalt i ytligt marklager med snabb höjning av fukthalt upp emot full vattenmättnad. Däremot framkom endast mindre (eller total frånvaro av) överensstämmelse vad gäller markdjup av 0.2 m. Modellens output uppvisade låg känslighet för ursprunglig markfukthalt, speciellt gällande lågt flöde vilket resulterade i större residualer för simulerade toppflöden och avrinningsvolymer. För fältförsöken framkom att den initiala markfukthaltens spatiala variabilitet inte påverkade utflödet från svackdiket – i motsats till noggrannheten i dikets topografiska representation. Denna uppsats belyser samband och följdverkningar beträffande påverkan från undersökta parametrar på en modell för flödes- och vattenföring i ett svackdike och framledes framtida design av svackdiken.
24
Gavric, Snezana. "Enhancement of stormwater quality in grass swales : Removal and immobilisation of metals." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-81194.
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Bauer, Almut [Verfasser], Karsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Fehlhaber, Karsten [Gutachter] Fehlhaber, Hermann H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, Hermann H. [Gutachter] Swalve, and Thomas [Gutachter] Wittek. "Einfluss des Absetzverfahrens und anderer systematischer Effekte auf die Milchleistung und ausgewählte Eutergesundheitsparameter einer Herde Ostfriesischer Milchschafe / Almut Bauer ; Gutachter: Karsten Fehlhaber, Hermann H. Swalve, Thomas Wittek ; Karsten Fehlhaber, Hermann H. Swalve." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1238367259/34.
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Hood, Andrew Charles. "Evaluation of Biosorption Activated Media Under Roadside Swales for Stormwater Quality Improvement and Harvesting." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5304.
Abstract:
Stormwater runoff from highways is a source of pollution to surface water bodies and groundwater. This project develops a bio-detention treatment and harvesting system that is incorporated into roadside swales. The bio-detention system uses Bold & Gold™, a type of biosorption activated media (BAM), to remove nutrients from simulated highway runoff and then store the water in underground vaults for infiltration, controlled discharge, and/or irrigation and other non-potable applications. In order to design a bio-detention system, media characteristics and media/water quality relationships are required. Media characteristics determined through testing include: specific gravity, permeability, infiltration, maximum dry density, moisture content of maximum dry density, and particle-size distribution. One of the goals of this experiment is to compare the nitrogen and phosphorous species concentrations in the effluent of BAM to sandy soil for simulated highway runoff. Field scale experiments are done on an elevated test bed that simulates a typical roadway with a swale. The swale portion of the test bed is split into halves using BAM and sandy soil. The simulated stormwater flows over a concrete section, which simulates a roadway, and then over either sod covered sandy soil or BAM. One, one and a half, and three inch storms are each simulated three times with a duration of 30 minutes each. During the simulated storm event, initial samples of the runoff (influent) are taken. The test bed is allowed to drain for two hours after the rainfall event and then samples of each of the net effluents are taken. In addition to the field scale water quality testing, column tests are also preformed on the sandy soil and Bold & Gold™ without sod present. Sod farms typically use fertilizer to increase production, thus it is reasonable to assume that the sod will leach nutrients into the soils on the test bed, especially during the initial test runs. The purpose of the column tests is to obtain a general idea of what percentage removals of total phosphorus and total nitrogen are obtained by the sandy soil and Bold & Gold™. It is shown that the Bold & Gold™ media effluent has significantly lower concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus compared to the effluent of the sandy soil based on an 80% confidence level. The Bold & Gold™ has a 41% lower average effluent concentration of total nitrogen than the sandy soil. The Bold & Gold™ media has a 78% lower average effluent concentration of total phosphorus than the sandy soil. Using both the column test data in combination with the field scale data, it is determined that the Bold & Gold™ BAM system has a total phosphorus removal efficiency of 71%. The removal efficiency is increased when stormwater harvesting is considered. A total phosphorus reduction of 94% is achieved in the bio-detention & harvesting swale system sample design problem.ID: 031001441; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: Manoj Chopra.; Title from PDF title page (viewed June 26, 2013).; Thesis (M.S.Env.E.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 168-174).
M.S.Env.E.
Masters
Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Environmental Engineering
27
Stagge, James Howard. "Field evaluation of hydrologic and water quality benefits of grass swales for managing highway runoff." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3969.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Pellerin, Erika. "La Swala, suivi de À l'exemple de Rabelais, le grotesque contemporain et la possibilité grotesque." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2287.
Abstract:
L'essai"À l'exemple de Rabelais, le grotesque contemporain" et la création grotesque La Swala explorent la présence du grotesque dans la société contemporaine, ainsi que la possibilité de l'utiliser comme moteur de la création, malgré la réduction sémantique du terme et le fait que cette esthétique souffre d'une certaine méconnaissance chez une majorité de lecteurs. La Swala , histoire en trois volets, narrée par Dieu lui-même à travers les ondes de la radio, raconte l'ascension au statut de déesse d'une mère qui a décidé d'avaler ses enfants pour leur donner un monde meilleur, et cela, à la suite de recherches infructueuses sur le sens de la vie. Le pouvoir de l'argent la mènera vers des sommets inattendus. Pourtant, rien ne change dès qu'il s'agit de l'être humain, et ses enfants, petits adultes en devenir, réussissent à miner de l'intérieur le monde idéal qu'elle leur réservait. Cet échec sera porteur à la fois de mort et d'un nouvel ordre encore à venir. La Swala se voit commentée en détails dans l'essai intitulé"À l'exemple de Rabelais, le grotesque contemporain"."--Résumé abrégé par UMI
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Sundstedt, Stina. "Preoperativ SWAL-QOL och sväljningsfunktion hos Parkinson patienter selekterade till Deep Brain Stimulation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Logopedi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68003.
Abstract:
Abstract Objective Patients with Parkinson’s disease often have symptoms of dysphagia. These swallowingproblems have consequences for quality of life as well for the physical wellbeing of thepatients. AimThe aim of this study was to describe and correlate Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL)scores, self-assessment of swallowing function using a visual analogue scale and the resultsfrom a fiber endoscopic evaluation of swallowing function in patients who had been selectedfor Deep Brain Stimulation in caudal zona incerta. A secondary aim was to correlate diseaseduration with results from SWAL-QOL and the fiber endoscopic evaluation of swallowingfunction. Method Ten male Parkinson’s patients (age 45-69 yrs, median 61.5 yrs) who were selected for DeepBrain Stimulation completing the Swallowing Quality of life form, as well as rating theirswallowing function using a visual analogue scale and undergoing a fiber endoscopicevaluation of their swallowing function. Results The median total SWAL-QOL score was 94% while the mean was 91%. The median scorefrom the self-assessment was 85% while the mean was 93%. The total SWAL-QOL scorecorrelated with disease duration measured as years since diagnosis (r=-.72, p<.05). Diseaseduration measured as years with symptoms correlated with pre-swallow spillage (r>.63,p<.05). Conclusions The results showed high levels of swallowing related quality of life for the studied group. Theself-assessment on the visual analogue scale and the fiber endoscopic evaluations alsorevealed that swallowing function was good in this sample. There were significantcorrelations between disease duration and some SWAL-QOL parameters as well as some ofthe outcomes from the fiber endoscopic evaluation.
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Schierenbeck, Sven Verfasser], Henner [Akademischer Betreuer] [Simianer, and Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve. "Controlling of dairy cattle breeding programs / Sven Schierenbeck. Gutachter: Henner Simianer ; Hermann Swalve. Betreuer: Henner Simianer." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1043765387/34.
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Schöpke, Kati [Verfasser], H. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, E. [Akademischer Betreuer] Borell, and S. [Akademischer Betreuer] König. "Entwicklung einer Zuchtwertschätzung für das Deutsche Sportpferd / Kati Schöpke. Betreuer: H. H. Swalve ; E. Borell ; S. König." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025135415/34.
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Ramesh, Shalini. "Design Principles and Case Study Analysis for Low Impact Development Practices - Green Roofs, Rainwater Harvesting and Vegetated Swales." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34566.
Abstract:
This thesis on Low Impact Development (LID) Practices provides design guidelines and principles for three important LID practices: green roofs, rainwater harvesting and bioswales. The most important component of the thesis is the qualitative analysis of various case studies based on the LID objectives drawn from the literature review for each LID practice.
Through the course of my research, I found that there was no one single source which provided information on the design guidelines accompanied by case examples which could help the designer with built examples where the LID practices have been executed. Therefore, developing this thesis document which provided all this information started as my masters thesis project. The document is designed to be used by people with a variety of expertise like landscape architects, landscape contractors, engineers and clients.
The manual is organized into five chapters. The manual details the process of stormwater management and then gradually leads to the evolution of Low Impact Development Practices and detailing out three important LID practices: green roofs, rainwater harvesting, vegetated swales and briefly about infiltration systems. The LID principles outlined in this manual were developed over the last few years to address runoff issues associated with the new residential, commercial and industrial suburban developments. Information to develop this manual has been drawn from numerous sources like the Low Impact Design Strategies developed by the Prince Georgeâ s County, Maryland, US EPA, Low Impact Development urban design tools and numerous other research papers.
It is my hope that the manual will provide adequate information to its users by not only providing design guidelines but also provide built examples through the case studies.Master of Landscape Architecture
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Felipini, Leila Maria Gumushian. "Tradução e adaptação transcultural para a língua portuguesa do Brasil dos questionários Quality of Life in Swallowing Disorders (SWAL-QOL) e Quality of Care in Swallowing Disorders (SWAL-CARE) para idosos com disfagia neurogênica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-03052017-194852/.
Abstract:
Na área da saúde, a grande maioria dos instrumentos de avaliação desenvolvida até o momento encontra-se no idioma inglês e foi elaborada com a intenção de ser utilizada em países falantes de língua inglesa. Os questionários de qualidade de vida Quality of Life in Swallowing Disorders (SWAL-QOL) e Quality of Care and Patient Satisfaction (SWAL-CARE) em língua portuguesa do Brasil foram traduzidos para utilização em pacientes com disfagia por diferentes etiologias. É de extrema importância o uso desses protocolos de qualidade de vida específicos, ou seja, traduzidos, adaptados e validados para um público-alvo definido. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma nova tradução e adaptação transcultural dos questionários SWAL-QOL e SWAL-CARE originais para a língua portuguesa do Brasil, de acordo com a realidade de idosos acometidos por disfagia neurogênica. Em um primeiro momento, a tradução anterior dos questionários para aplicação em pacientes com disfagia por diferentes etiologias foi aplicada em 05 idosos para observarmos as dificuldades de compreensão relatadas pelas fonoaudiólogas que já aplicavam esses questionários na clínica de fonoaudiologia da FOB - USP. Gravamos os encontros em que os questionários foram aplicados a fim de comprovarmos a dificuldade por parte dos idosos de compreenderem o conteúdo dos questionários. Em seguida, iniciamos o processo de tradução e adaptação transcultural que seguiu as diretrizes para escalas de qualidade de vida relacionadas à saúde propostas por Beaton et al. (2000). Assim, para a tradução e adaptação transcultural foram considerados seis estágios: (1) traduções, (2) síntese das traduções, (3) retrotraduções, (4) comitê de peritos, (5) teste da versão prévia e (6) submissão dos documentos deste processo para um comitê de acompanhamento. No primeiro estágio, duas traduções foram elaboradas por tradutores distintos; no segundo estágio, essas duas traduções foram analisadas, e uma versão síntese foi estabelecida durante uma reunião entre os tradutores e um juiz neutro; no terceiro estágio, essa versão síntese foi retrotraduzida para a língua inglesa por dois falantes de língua inglesa; no quarto estágio, houve uma nova reunião envolvendo os dois tradutores, um dos dois retrotradutores, uma fonoaudióloga, um perito em Letras e um metodologista que estabeleceram a versão prévia a ser testada; no quinto estágio, aconteceram os testes e as adequações necessárias para que uma versão final em língua portuguesa fosse estabelecida. Fizeram parte do estágio 5, 10 pacientes pertencentes ao público-alvo desta pesquisa, idosos com disfagia orofaríngea neurogênica. Em um primeiro momento, esses 10 pacientes responderam à versão final dos questionários a fim de identificarmos a clareza e a compreensão da terminologia utilizada nos questionários. As questões que apresentaram 15% de respostas de difícil compreensão e não se aplica foram reavaliadas por uma banca de especialistas composta por 3 fonoaudiólogas especialistas em disfagia. A única questão apontada por dois pacientes como de difícil compreensão foi a questão 28 do SWAL-QOL. O conteúdo dessa questão foi discutido entre as fonoaudiólogas durante reunião da banca de especialistas e foi alterado. No sexto estágio, os documentos deste processo foram submetidos para acompanhamento pela pesquisadora e sua coorientadora. A pesquisadora revisou a versão prévia e foi estabelecida, então, a versão final em língua portuguesa do Brasil dos questionários SWAL-QOL e SWAL-CARE para idosos com disfagia neurogênica.In the health field, most assessment instruments that have been developed so far are written in English and designed to be used in English-speaking countries. The SWAL-QOL, a dysphagia-specific quality of life questionnaire, and the SWAL-CARE, a quality of care questionnaire, were first translated and cross-culturally adapted into the Brazilian language to be used with patients with dysphagia by different etiologies. It is extremely important that these questionnaires be specific for a defined target public. Thus, the objective of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt both questionnaires, the SWAL-QOL and the SWAL-CARE, into the Brazilian Portuguese language according to the reality of the elderly with neurogenic dysphagia. First, the Brazilian Portuguese version of both questionnaires, developed to be used with people with dysphagia by different etiologies, were applied in 05 elderly people so that we could observe the difficulties patients have to understand the content as reported by speech pathologists that had been using the questionnaires in their clinical practice at FOB - USP. The meetings were filmed so that we could record the difficulties the elderly had to understand the content while trying to answer the questionnaires. After that, the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation was initiated and followed the guidelines for the translation of health-related quality of life protocols recommended by Beaton et al. (2000). Thus, the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation was conducted in 6 stages: (1) translations, (2) synthesis of translations, (3) back translations, (4) expert committee, (5) pretesting and (6) submission and appraisal of all written reports by developers/committee. In the first stage, two translations were done by two different translators; in the second stage, these two translations were analyzed by the two translators and a neutral judge in order to reach a synthesis version; in the third stage, this synthesis version was back translated into English by two native speakers; in the fourth stage, another meeting was held with the two translators, one of the two back translators, a speech language pathologist, a specialist in Languages and a methodologist that together reached a previous version to be tested; in the fifth stage, tests were performed and the necessary changes were made in order to reach the final version of the questionnaires. A total of 10 patients, who belonged to the target public of this study, elderly people with oropharyngeal neurogenic dysphagia, took part in this fifth stage. First, the previous version of the questionnaires was applied in these 10 patients in order to observe whether the content was clear and understandable for them. Items analyzed as hard to understand and content does not apply by more than 15 % of the participants were reconsidered by an expert committee composed by three speech pathologists. The only question marked as hard to understand by two patients was the question 28 of the SWAL-QOL. The speech pathologists discussed the content of such question during the expert committee meeting and decided on changing it. In the sixth stage, all documents were submitted and appraised by a committee composed by the researcher and her co-supervisor. Then, the researcher reviewed the previous version and we reached the final version of the SWAL-QOL and SWAL-CARE for the elderly with neurogenic dysphagia.
34
Swalve, Enno [Verfasser], Maximilian [Gutachter] Rudert, and Christof [Gutachter] Rader. "Wirksamkeit von niedrig dosierter Tranexamsäure bei Implantation von Knie - Endo - Prothesen / Enno Swalve ; Gutachter: Maximilian Rudert, Christof Rader." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223851281/34.
35
Waurich, Benno [Verfasser], Hermann H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, and Sven [Akademischer Betreuer] König. "Genetische Parameter von Kalbemerkmalen beim Milchrind der Rasse Deutsche Holstein / Benno Waurich. Betreuer: Hermann H. Swalve ; Sven König." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104709701X/34.
36
Jamil, Nor Eliea Eluziea. "Field evaluation of hydrologic and water quality benefits of grass swales with check dams for managing highway runoff." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9237.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
37
Floren, Claudia Verfasser], Bertram [Akademischer Betreuer] [Brenig, Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Hummel. "Aufklärung aktueller tierzüchterischer und verbraucherrelevanter Fragestellungen durch molekulargenetische Strategien / Claudia Floren. Gutachter: Hermann Swalve ; Jürgen Hummel. Betreuer: Bertram Brenig." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1057776319/34.
38
Vieira, Daniela de Oliveira. "" Validação da versão portuguesa do questionário Swal-Qol em doentes com Patologia Oncológica da Cabeça e Pescoço"." Master's thesis, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/44546.
39
Vieira, Daniela de Oliveira. "" Validação da versão portuguesa do questionário Swal-Qol em doentes com Patologia Oncológica da Cabeça e Pescoço"." Dissertação, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/44546.
40
Lorenzon, Emilena Josimari [UNESP]. "Análise de domínio para avaliação de tesauros: uma experiência com a cadeia produtiva do calçado no Brasil." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103385.
Abstract:
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lorenzon_ej_dr_mar.pdf: 1017854 bytes, checksum: ec2b138de0534d37e1c1d0069789fcc8 (MD5)Buscou-se resolver o problema da cadeia produtiva do calçado no Brasil, enquanto domínios especializados, de não possuir uma linguagem de indexação específica e exaustiva para a organização e representação das suas informações, mostrando que o único instrumento de vocabulário controlado existente nesse setor produtivo, denominado Microtesauro do Couro e Calçado, produzido pelo Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial - SENAI, não é suficiente para organizar, atualmente, todos os conteúdos abordados dentro do domínio em questão. Para isso, utilizamos os pressupostos teóricos de John Swales sobre análise de domínio e comunidades discursivas, aplicando os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: 1) delimitação do domínio (definição de onde começa e onde termina), utilizando os princípios metodológicos propostos por Tennis (2003) e as 11 abordagens de Hjorland (2001; 2002) para sua análise, delimitando-o através das suas áreas de modulação e seu grau de especialização; 2) identificação dos usuários da terminologia, ou seja, as comunidades discursivas desse domínio; 3) seleção de uma categoria bem específica e duas facetas para a identificação de termos; 4) definição e seleção do corpus para o estudo; 5) utilização de uma tecnologia para a extração semiautomática de termos no corpus, eliminando aqueles que não são específicos na área, com auxilio de um especialista do setor; e finalmente 6) comparação de alguns termos, selecionados através de seu grau de especificidade no domínio, com os termos descritos no Microtesauro analisado. Pretendeu-se com a pesquisa verificar a possibilidade de avaliar tesauros a partir da análise de domínio conforme as perspectivas de Swales. Essa cadeia produtiva foi escolhida devido ao envolvimento profissional da pesquisadora no processo de organização de suas informações e conhecimentos
We tried to solve the problem of footwear production chain in Brazil, while specialized fields, it does not have an indexing language to specifically include the organization and representation of your information, showing that the only existing tool for controlled vocabulary in the productive sector, microthesaurus called the Leather and Footwear, produced by the National Service of Industrial Learning - SENAI is not enough to organize now, all the content covered within the area in question. We utilize the theoretical assumptions of John Swales on domain analysis, and discursive communities, applying the following methodology: 1) delineation of the domain (definition of where it begins and ends), using the methodological principles proposed by Tennis (2003) and approaches the 11 Hjørland (2001, 2002) for analysis, limiting it through their areas of modulation and the degree of specialization, 2) identification of users of the terminology, ie the discursive communities that domain, 3) selection a very specific category and two facets to the identification of terms, 4) definition and selection of the corpus for the study, 5) use of a technology for semi-automatic extraction of terms in the corpus, eliminating those that are not specific in the area, with the aid of an industry expert, and finally 6) comparison of some terms, selected by their degree of specificity in the field, with the terms described in microthesaurus analyzed. It was intended to research to verify the possibility of evaluating thesauri from the domain analysis as the prospects of Swales. This chain was chosen because the researcher's professional involvement in the process of organizing their information and knowledge
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Martin, Gunter Friedrich [Verfasser], H. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, S. [Akademischer Betreuer] König, and N. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kemper. "Analyse von Behandlungsdaten zur Entwicklung eines Zuchtwertschätzverfahrens für Eutergesundheit beim Milchrind / Gunter Friedrich Martin. Betreuer: H. H. Swalve ; S. König ; N. Kemper." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1031189939/34.
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Höltl, Karen [Verfasser], J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Spilke, H. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, and C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Richter. "Vergleichende Untersuchungen verschiedener Auswertungsmethoden für geordnete kategoriale Merkmale bei Vorliegen räumlicher Kovarianz / Karen Höltl. Betreuer: J. Spilke ; H. H. Swalve ; C. Richter." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1025352998/34.
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Krehl, Ines [Verfasser], H. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, E. [Akademischer Betreuer] Borell, and R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Brunsch. "Beitrag zur Beurteilung der Eutergesundheit der Kuh anhand ausgewählter Merkmale im Vorgemelk / Ines Krehl. Betreuer: H. H. Swalve ; E. Borell ; R. Brunsch." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1024975614/34.
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Alkhoder, Hatem [Verfasser], H. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, and S. [Akademischer Betreuer] König. "Schätzung von Zuchtwerten und genetischen Parametern für Klauengesundheit beim Milchrind mit der BLUP-Methode / Hatem Alkhoder. Betreuer: H. H. Swalve ; S. König." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1046312774/34.
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Kecman, Jelena [Verfasser], Hermann H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Wähner, and Nicole [Akademischer Betreuer] Kemper. "Qualifizierung und Quantifizierung von pränatalen und postnatalen maternalen Einflüssen auf die Entwicklung von Saugferkeln / Jelena Kecman ; Hermann H. Swalve, Martin Wähner, Nicole Kemper." Halle, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1116951118/34.
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Welker, Viktoria [Verfasser], Hermann [Gutachter] Swalve, Friederike Katharina [Gutachter] Stock, and Jens [Gutachter] Tetens. "Schätzung populationsgenetischer Parameter für die Reitpferdezucht unter besonderer Berücksichtigung innovativer Merkmalsdefinitionen für Turniersportleistungen / Viktoria Welker ; Gutachter: Hermann Swalve, Friederike Katharina Stock, Jens Tetens." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1210731517/34.
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Witzig, Maren [Verfasser], M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Rodehutscord, H. H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Swalve, and H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Harms. "Molekularbiologische Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Grobfutterquelle und Futterpartikelgröße auf die ruminale Mikroorganismengemeinschaft in vitro / Maren Witzig. Betreuer: M. Rodehutscord ; H. H. Swalve ; H. Harms." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2009. http://d-nb.info/102489553X/34.
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Müller-Rätz, Vincent [Verfasser], Hermann [Gutachter] Swalve, and Sven [Gutachter] König. "Untersuchungen zur genetischen Verankerung von Störungen der Reproduktionsorgane der Milchkuh anhand von Gesundheitsdaten des GKUHplus Projekts / Vincent Müller-Rätz ; Gutachter: Hermann Swalve, Sven König." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1210730634/34.
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Wiegmann, Mathias [Verfasser], Hermann [Gutachter] Swalve, Klaus [Gutachter] Pillen, and Jens [Gutachter] Léon. "Wild barley, a resource to optimize yield stability and quality of elite barley : kumulative Dissertation / Mathias Wiegmann ; Gutachter: Hermann Swalve, Klaus Pillen, Jens Léon." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223453111/34.
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Toreheim, Mimmi. "Typografins tolkning : En undersökning av typografins betydelse vid tolkning av text." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-9707.
Abstract:
This paper addresses the question about what role typography plays in the interpretation of a text. From three different handbooks in typography arguments are gathered and categorized in to three categories: roman types, san serif and others. Interviews with people from the graphic design area are also a part of the paper and are accounted for in the discussion part of the paper. Areas of theory are a broad hermeneutic view based on Hans-Georg Gadamers thoughts, which have sub categories such as: Michel Foucault’s theory about discourses, John Swales genre theory and Anders Björkvall’s thoughts on typography and multi-modal texts. The result of the paper is that all typography, even the one often called the invisible typography, is interpreted by the reader who gathers it’s pre-knowledge from genre, history, culture and discourses. This means that typography plays an important role in the interpretation of a text. Key words: typography, interpretation, hermeneutic, Hans- Georg Gadamer, discourse, Michel Foucault, genre analysis, John Swales, Multi- modal, Anders Björkvall, semiotic.Denna uppsats behandlar frågan om vilken roll typografin spelar för tolkningen av en text. Från tre olika handböcker i typografi samlas argument in och kategoriseras i tre kategorier: antikva, sanserif och övriga. Även intervjuer med personer yrkesverksamma i det grafiska fältet genomförs och redovisas sedan i diskussionen. Teoretisk utgångspunkt hämtas från Hans-Georg Gadamers tankar om hermeneutik, på vilken följande underkategorier av teorier följer: Michel Foucaults diskursteori, John Swales genreteori och Anders Björkvalls tankar om typografi och multimodala texter. Resultatet pekar mot att all typografi, även den som ofta kallas för den osynliga typografin, tolkas av mottagaren som i sin tur samlat sina förkunskaper från genre, historia, kultur och diskurs. Detta innebär att typografi spelar en viktig roll i tolkningen av en text. Nyckelord: typografi, tolkning, hermeneutik, Hans-Georg Gadamer, diskurs, Michel Foucault, genreanalys, Johan Swales, multimodalitet, Anders Björkvall, semiotik.