Academic literature on the topic 'SW development process'

The prescription and administration of drugs are the most common process that takes place in hospitals. Although a relatively simple process, it is considered the riskiest process in hospitals because mistakes during drug administration are among the most common ones. The aim is to introduce technological and process changes that will contribute to maximally increase the safety of the medication process and the efficiency of drug management. To support the automation of the medication process, it is desirable to use the international standard Health Level 7 (HL7). However, the Czech healthcare system currently supports the local healthcare standard—DASTA. For that reason, the paper introduces some of the options how to transfer data from DASTA to HL7 and deals with the development of a software (SW) interface that converts data necessary for robotic preparation of patient medication from the Czech DASTA data standard to the HL7 international standard used by selected robotics. Based on the performed analyses, a combination of robotics for the preparation of single-dose packages of drugs with one of the automated warehouses is recommended.

Developmental psychology does not provide desirable results in the development of a child with special needs in the process of his or her education if the teacher does not come together with the psychologist in revealing and removing disbalance between education and development of each child. In this report the unconventional approach to use of computer technologies to support the process of interaction of the psychologist and the teacher has been considered – the “dialogue” on the problem of the relation of education and development of a child with the special needs.Developing and diagnostic computer environment “World through your window” has been created, which is special educational tools with the following functions: To make “visible” the problems of child development that are hidden in conventional education; To show how to transform the selected problems of child development into the special tasks of his/her education; To show how to correlate “steps” in child development to “steps” in a teacher’s technique.The report shows how to use this kind of special tools for revealing and removing disbalance between education and reading development of a child.

The importance of unifi ed pedagogical process in development of communicative competence is analysed in this article. Necessity for synergy between learning process and extra-curricular activities is emphasized. The article focuses on adolescents with language disorders whose insufficiently developed language impedes the development of communicative competence and constitutes a menace to socialization in the future. The research data have been analysed and processed by SPSS program and AQUAD 6 software.

Modern epoch poses its own demands for special education, because provision of special education needs into inclusive environment is one of the prior courses of education policy in Latvia. The author of the research reveals discrepancy between politically stated progress and school practice in Latvia. Topicality of the research fortifies the necessity to advance pedagogical integrity of pupils with moderate and severe retardation of mental development (RMD). Research includes: analysis of education potential provision in legislation, investigation of theory regarding retardation of mental development, analysis of pedagogic process at special primary boarding school, model of the development of practical activity experience for pupils with moderate and severe RMD at special primary boarding school. As a result of theory analysis – model of the development of practical activity experience for pupils with moderate and severe RMD has been established. Empiric investigation of the development of practical activity experience for pupils with moderate and severe RMD has been done, using the form of quantitative methods investigation in order to examine effectiveness of the established model of the development of practical activity experience.

In the article the research data on study process assessment in two Lithuanian and Ukrainian Higher Education Institutions (N = 244) have been presented. The research aim is the exploration of the assessment of students studying at Šiauliai and “Ukraine” universities about the study process. Main fi ndings and conclusions states, that student’ of both countries Higher Education Institutions similarly assess peculiarities of the study process. Assessing organization of the study process in the aspect of e-teaching/learning technologies, it was noticed that respondents (of both universities) favourably assessed their manifestation in the study process but the obtained statistically signifi cant differences demonstrate different levels of preparation of universities for such organisation of the study process.

The article deals with modelling of the system of functional mathematical literacy development of eighth form pupils with moderate special educational needs, learning in mainstream schools. Applying the action research method, the measurements of the participants of the (self-)educational process are analysed and, based on them, the possibilities of developing functional mathematical literacy of pupils with moderate SEN in the mainstream school, grounded on the approaches and ideas of pragmatism, social constructivism, social participation and empowerment theories, are revealed.

Long-term changes in neuropsychological status of the female body (emotional deprivation, depression, neuroses) contribute to the development of cancer. Novelty of the research includes the evidence of influence of art therapy on emotional adjustment of cancer patients, the reliability of laboratory-confirmed levels of oxidative stress and cytokines (regulatory proteins) as a prognostic indicator in the assessment of neuroendocrine cancer patients. Program of Restorative Art Therapy proved efficiency of changes in emotional stability, motivation to recover, improvement life quality of cancer patients.

The master thesis focuses on more efficient application of Scrum methodology in a development team within specific company. The thesis takes an advantage from the SW-CMM philosophy applied in agile environment in order to achieve better effectivity. Theorethical base is utilized for a comparison with current state in the company described in analytical part. Proposals for a solution of current situation are based on drawback detection. Proposals are subject for risk analysis followed by precaution. Costs of proposals implementation with included precautions are evaluated in economic evaluation part. This part also contains benefits of proposals.

The goal of master thesis "CMMI Certification for Software Development in Agile Environment" is CMMI quality model research with focus on software development in agile environment in the Siemens company. In the beginning CMMI model and Scrum methodics are introduced. The core of this thesis is focused on the current state analysis. Output of the analysis is a list of potential areas that are currently not compatible with quality model requirements. These areas are to be improved for the company to achieve the desired CMMI certification level. Possible improvements are introduced to the consultant. During the implementation part a web application is realized helping to remove most of the identified imperfections. Application benefit is objectively evaluated by an internal audit. The work includes discussion of possible further application development and quality model standard evolution in this company.

This master's thesis is oriented on software development processes improvement techniques. It presents modern approaches of process development and analyses problems of their management and usage in various life cycle phases. In connection with these techniques it brings draft of support tool, which increases automatization of processes development with pertinent cooperation with other tools, as one of presumptions of improvement of their quality.

In several application domains, the development of safety-critical software is subject to certification standards which prescribe to perform activities depending on information relative to different stages of development. Data needed in these activities reflects concepts that pertain to three different perspectives: i) structural elements of design and implementation; ii) functional requirements and quality attributes; iii) organization of the overall process. The integration of these concepts may considerably improve the trade-off between reward and effort spent in verification and quality-driven activities. This dissertation proposes a systematic approach for the efficient management of concepts and data involved in the development process of safety critical systems, illustrating how the activities performed during the life cycle can be integrated in a common framework. This thesis addresses the exploitation of ontological modeling and semantic technologies so as to support cohesion across different stages of the development life cycle, attaching a machine-readable semantics to concepts belonging to structural, functional and process perspectives. The formalized conceptualization enables the implementation of a tool leveraging well established technologies aiding the accomplishment of crucial and effort-expensive activities.

End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is the irreversible loss of kidney function, which can be due to various causes. Its treatment is one of the most costly chronic disease treatments. There are now approximately one million people worldwide living with ESRD and this number is predicted to increase in the future. The main reasons for the increasing incidence of ESRD worldwide are population ageing, the rapid increase of diabetes mellitus reaching epidemic proportions, and changes in age limits for treatment initiation. In Greece, during the period 2005-2009, 74% of the ESRD patients were on hemodialysis (HD), 7% on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 19% were living with a functioning graft. The latter percentage brings Greece in the 26th place out of 36 countries in prevalence of functioning grafts worldwide. Cost-effectiveness analyses of these treatments have shown that RTx is overall the least expensive, followed by PD, while centre HD is the most expensive. Moreover, these treatments are also listed in the exact same order concerning the quality of life they provide to patients. The main reasons for the low RTx rate in Greece are the lack of organ donation, largely due to inadequate information, the inefficient organ distribution system, a high number of private HD centers not interested in RTx, as well as social factors. The objective of the present work was to implement a model for the projection of the ESRD patients’ number by 2020 in Greece and investigate the impact of different scenarios of an increase in RTx. In addition, a cost-effectiveness analysis of the increase in RTx was performed. The projection was performed based on a Markov chain model. The Markov models are distinguished by their simplicity and their ability to accurately represent many clinical problems. A deterministic Markov chain model was implemented in order to predict the future number of prevalent ESRD patients in Greece. Monte Carlo techniques were applied in order to add robustness to the model. Thus two models of prediction were implemented, a Markov chain and a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) model. Age-specific data (<45, 45-65, >65 age groups) on incident and prevalent ESRD patients’ number for Greece, available from the European Renal Association – European Dialysis and Transplant Association reports for the period 1998-2009, were used for the implementation. The basic component of the Markov chain is the transition matrix defining the probability for the patient to move between the four states, i.e. HD, PD, RTx and death. An iterative error minimization technique was used in defining the transition probabilities of the Markov chain, based on the data from 1998 to 2006. Both Markov chain and MCMC models were successfully validated based on data for the period from 2007 to 2009. In each model the ESRD incident patients’ number in Greece was predicted in a different way. For the Markov chain model three incidence rate scenarios were applied: low, medium and high. Additionally, two different approaches were proposed for the increase in RTx, one for each model. In the Markov chain model, two scenarios of RTx increase were applied on the number of prevalent patients. The first one was based on the assumption that the average number of transplants performed in Greece during the period 2005-2009 will double by 2020. The second one assumed that Greece will reach by 2020 the transplantation rate of Norway in 2009, the highest transplantation rate reported during that year worldwide. In the MCMC model, the increase of RTx was accomplished by increasing annually by 1% the number of incident patients receiving RTx and reducing accordingly the number of patients performing HD. The Markov chain model projected an increase in the number of prevalent patients’ in Greece by 19.3%, 24.4% and 42.2% in 2020 compared to 2009, depending on the incidence scenario applied. Similarly, the MCMC model projected a 25.0% prevalence increase. In the Markov chain model, the results of the increase in RTx indicated that in 2020 there will be a 64.6% (first scenario) or a 107.2% (second scenario) increase in the number of RTx patients compared to 2009, resulting in total saving of €50.2 and €112.37 million, respectively, for the period 2010-2020. Finally, the increase in RTx accomplished in the MCMC model indicated a 57.9% increase of patients living with a transplanted kidney, resulting in total saving of €68.2 million. The results of both models suggest that performing more kidney transplantations instead of HD would reduce the treatment costs for the country’s healthcare system, while at the same time it would improve the quality of life for a significant number of ESRD patients.
Η Τελικού Σταδίου Χρόνια Νεφρική Ανεπάρκεια (ΤΣΧΝΑ) είναι η μη αναστρέψιμη απώλεια της νεφρικής λειτουργίας, η οποία μπορεί να οφείλεται σε διάφορα αίτια. Η θεραπεία της είναι μία από τις πιο δαπανηρές όσον αφορά τις χρόνιες παθήσεις. Σήμερα, υπολογίζεται ότι περίπου ένα εκατομμύριο άνθρωποι παγκοσμίως ζουν με ΤΣΧΝΑ, ενώ ο αριθμός τους προβλέπεται να αυξηθεί στο μέλλον. Οι κύριοι παράγοντες αύξησης της επίπτωσης (δηλαδή του αριθμού των νεοεντασσόμενων ασθενών) της ΤΣΧΝΑ παγκοσμίως είναι η αύξηση της μέσης ηλικίας του πληθυσμού, η αλματώδης αύξηση του σακχαρώδους διαβήτη που λαμβάνει επιδημικές διαστάσεις, καθώς και οι αλλαγές στα ηλικιακά όρια για έναρξη θεραπείας. Στην Ελλάδα, κατά την περίοδο 2005-2009 το 74% ασθενών με ΤΣΧΝΑ έκανε αιμοκάθαρση, το 7% έκανε περιτοναϊκή κάθαρση και το 19% ζούσε με νεφρικό μόσχευμα. Το τελευταίο ποσοστό κατατάσσει την Ελλάδα στην 26η θέση ανάμεσα σε 36 χώρες παγκοσμίως όσον αφορά τον αριθμό των ασθενών που ζουν με μεταμοσχευμένο νεφρό. Η ανάλυση κόστους-αποτελεσματικότητας δείχνει πως η λιγότερο δαπανηρή θεραπεία της ΤΣΧΝΑ είναι η μεταμόσχευση, ακολουθούμενη από την περιτοναϊκή κάθαρση, ενώ η αιμοκάθαρση αναδεικνύεται ως η πιο δαπανηρή. Οι θεραπείες κατατάσσονται με την ίδια ακριβώς σειρά όσον αφορά και την ποιότητα ζωής που παρέχουν στους ασθενείς. Οι βασικές αιτίες για το χαμηλό ποσοστό μεταμοσχεύσεων στην Ελλάδα είναι η έλλειψη δωριζόμενων οργάνων, που οφείλεται κατά πολύ στην ελλιπή πληροφόρηση, η ανεπάρκεια του συστήματος διανομής οργάνων, ο υψηλός αριθμός ιδιωτικών κέντρων αιμοκάθαρσης, τα οποία δεν ενδιαφέρονται για μεταμοσχεύσεις, καθώς και κοινωνικοί παράγοντες. Ο σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής ήταν η υλοποίηση ενός μοντέλου για την πρόβλεψη του αριθμού των ασθενών με ΤΣΧΝΑ στην Ελλάδα το 2020, καθώς επίσης και η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης διαφόρων σεναρίων αύξησης των μεταμοσχεύσεων. Επιπλέον, πραγματοποιήθηκε ανάλυση κόστους-αποτελεσματικότητας της αύξησης των μεταμοσχεύσεων. Η πρόβλεψη έγινε με βάση ένα μοντέλο Μαρκόφ. Τα μοντέλα Μαρκόφ διακρίνονται για την απλότητα αλλά και την ικανότητά τους να αναπαριστούν με ακρίβεια πολλά κλινικά προβλήματα. Για την παρούσα εργασία, υλοποιήθηκε ένα ντετερμινιστικό μοντέλο Μαρκόφ για την πρόβλεψη του μελλοντικού αριθμού των ασθενών με ΤΣΧΝΑ σε Θεραπεία Υποκατάστασης της Νεφρικής Λειτουργίας (ΘΥΝΛ) στην Ελλάδα. Επίσης, εφαρμόστηκαν τεχνικές Μόντε Κάρλο για μεγαλύτερη ευρωστία του μοντέλου. Ως εκ τούτου, υλοποιήθηκαν δύο διαφορετικά μοντέλα πρόβλεψης, ένα μοντέλο Μαρκόφ και ένα μοντέλο Μαρκόφ Μόντε Κάρλο. Για την υλοποίηση χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ηλικιακά δεδομένα (<45, 45-65, >65) του Ευρωπαϊκού Αρχείου Καταγραφής Νεφροπαθών (ERA-EDTA registry) που αφορούσαν νεοεντασσόμενους ασθενείς αλλά και ασθενείς που βρίσκονταν σε ΘΥΝΛ στην Ελλάδα την περίοδο 1998-2009. Ο σχεδιασμός μιας αλυσίδας Μαρκόφ βασίζεται στον πίνακα μετάβασης για υπολογισμό της πιθανότητας μετακίνησης του ασθενούς ανάμεσα στην Αιμοκάθαρση, την περιτοναϊκή κάθαρση, τη μεταμόσχευση και τον θάνατο. Για να υπολογιστούν οι πιθανότητες μετάβασης στην αλυσίδα Μαρκόφ, έγινε χρήση μιας επαναληπτικής τεχνικής μείωσης του σφάλματος με βάση τα ηλικιακά δεδομένα της περιόδου 1998-2006. Και τα δύο μοντέλα επαληθεύτηκαν επιτυχώς με βάση τα δεδομένα της περιόδου 2007-2009. Η πρόβλεψη του μελλοντικού αριθμού νεοεντασσόμενων ασθενών με ΤΣΧΝΑ στην Ελλάδα έγινε με διαφορετικό τρόπο σε κάθε μοντέλο. Στο μοντέλο Μαρκόφ, εφαρμόστηκαν τρία διαφορετικά σενάρια πρόβλεψης του ποσοστού επίπτωσης: χαμηλό, μεσαίο και υψηλό. Επιπλέον, σε κάθε μοντέλο ακολουθήθηκε διαφορετική προσέγγιση όσον αφορά την αύξηση του αριθμού των μεταμοσχεύσεων. Στο μοντέλο Μαρκόφ, εφαρμόστηκαν δύο σενάρια αύξησης των μεταμοσχεύσεων σε σχέση με τον αριθμό των ασθενών σε ΘΥΝΛ. Το πρώτο σενάριο βασίστηκε στην υπόθεση ότι ο μέσος αριθμός μεταμοσχεύσεων που έγιναν στην Ελλάδα κατά την περίοδο 2005-2009 θα διπλασιαστεί ως το 2020. Στο δεύτερο σενάριο θεωρήθηκε ότι η Ελλάδα θα φτάσει ως το 2020 το ποσοστό μεταμοσχεύσεων της Νορβηγίας το 2009, που ήταν το μεγαλύτερο παγκοσμίως για εκείνο το έτος. Στο μοντέλο Μαρκόφ Μόντε Κάρλο, η αύξηση του αριθμού των μεταμοσχεύσεων επιτεύχθηκε με ετήσια αύξηση κατά 1% του αριθμού των νεοεντασσόμενων ασθενών που θα έκαναν μεταμόσχευση, με αντίστοιχη μείωση του αριθμού των αιμοκαθαιρόμενων. Το μοντέλο Μαρκόφ προέβλεψε αύξηση του αριθμού των ασθενών σε ΘΥΝΛ στην Ελλάδα κατά 19.3%, 24.4% και 42.2% το 2020 σε σχέση με το 2009, ανάλογα με το εφαρμοζόμενο σενάριο επίπτωσης. Το μοντέλο Μαρκόφ Μόντε Κάρλο προέβλεψε αντίστοιχη αύξηση της τάξης του 25%. Στο μοντέλο Μαρκόφ, τα αποτελέσματα της αύξησης των μεταμοσχεύσεων έδειξαν ότι το 2020 θα υπάρξει αύξηση κατά 64.4% (πρώτο σενάριο) ή κατά 107.2% (δεύτερο σενάριο) του αριθμού των μεταμοσχευμένων ασθενών συγκριτικά με το 2009, με συνολική εξοικονόμηση 50.2 και 112.37 εκατομμύρια ευρώ αντίστοιχα, για την περίοδο 2010-2020. Τέλος, η αύξηση του αριθμού των μεταμοσχεύσεων στο μοντέλο Μαρκόφ Μόντε Κάρλο έδειξε αύξηση κατά 57.9% του αριθμού των ασθενών που ζουν με μεταμοσχευμένο νεφρό, με συνολική εξοικονόμηση 68.2 εκατομμύρια ευρώ. Τα αποτελέσματα και στα δύο μοντέλα καταδεικνύουν ότι η αύξηση του αριθμού των μεταμοσχεύσεων έναντι της αιμοκάθαρσης θα μείωνε το κόστος θεραπείας για το Σύστημα Υγείας της χώρας, ενώ ταυτοχρόνως θα βελτίωνε την ποιότητα ζωής για έναν σημαντικό αριθμό ασθενών με ΤΣΧΝΑ.

A number of software quality enhancement approaches have been suggested and implemented. Over the last decade, software (SW) companies in developed countries have reported significant enhancements in productivity and quality by using various quality approaches. Software companies operating in developing countries have also undertaken quality initiatives in the recent years. This chapter presents a framework for analysis of quality initiatives. The need for considering customer and market aspects in assessing an organization’s quality initiatives has been established. The notion of a market quality indicator (MQI) has been introduced for this purpose. Information on the quality and process improvement initiatives at some of the leading software companies of Pakistan has been collected. The proposed framework is applied to analyze the quality initiatives of these companies. Based on the insights obtained from this analysis, some recommendations for companies interested in launching quality and process improvement initiatives are also presented.

ABSTRACT The Porvenir serpentinites are an ∼600-m-thick body of meta-peridotites exposed in SW Iberia (Variscan Orogen). The serpentinites occur as a horse within a Carboniferous, out-of-sequence thrust system (Espiel thrust). This thrust juxtaposes the serpentinites and peri-Gondwanan strata onto younger peri-Gondwanan strata, with the serpentinites occupying an intermediate position. Reconstruction of the pre-Espiel thrust structure results in a vertical juxtaposition of terranes: Cambrian strata below, Porvenir serpentinites in the middle, and the strata at the footwall to the Espiel thrust culminating the tectonic pile. The reconstructed tectonic pile accounts for yet another major thrusting event, since a section of upper mantle (Porvenir serpentinites) was sandwiched between two tectonic slices of continental crust (a suture zone sensu lato). The primary lower plate to the suture is now overlying the upper plate due to the Espiel thrust. Lochkovian strata in the upper plate and the Devonian, NE-verging folds in the lower plate suggest SW-directed accretion of the lower plate during the Devonian, i.e., Laurussia-directed underthrusting for the closure of a Devonian intra-Gondwana basin. Obduction of the Porvenir serpentinites was a two-step process: one connected to the development of a Devonian suture zone, and another related to out-of-sequence thrusting that cut the suture zone and brought upward a tectonic slice of upper mantle rocks hosted in that suture. The primary Laurussia-dipping geometry inferred for this partially obducted suture zone fits the geometry, kinematics, and timing of the Late Devonian suture zone exposed in NW Iberia and may represent the continuation of such suture into SW Iberia.

Competencies in the management literature are analyzed from different perspectives. A converging point of the various approaches is the fact that competencies provide a critical context for a unified treatment of business processes and personal development. In other words the achievement of critical business objectives is directly related to knowledge and learning management. The objective of this chapter is to analyze competencies management from a managerial perspective and to develop a set of requirements for new knowledge and learning management systems aiming to capitalize the application of competencies management in to daily business life. The relevant discussion is initiated with the provision of several real world scenarios that summarize the key business challenges of competencies development, management and reuse, in the Education and Health Domains. The resulting list of requirements is used for a critical overview of limitations of current Technology Enhanced learning approaches especially in the context of real businesses. The concluding section of this chapter discusses the new insights that competencies management through SW and TEL approaches bring to well known business problems and reveals several streams of emerging research on the topic.

This paper describes fundamental investigation for development of SW DDS (shock wave drug delivery systems), especially deformation process of a bubble in a microcapsule composed of membrane, liquid and gas bubble. Specifically, (1) analysis of a bubble deformation process in a capsule by pressure wave, and (2) mathematical analysis of a bubble near the wall, that is a model of a bubble in a capsule are investigated.

Abstract The classification of water flooding severity is crucial for planning reservoir production and improving the recovery ratio. In this paper, we study a siliciclastic heavy oil reservoir in Bohai Bay, with resistivity reading close to, or even lower than the wet zone (3~5Ω.m). In this environment, computing original reservoir Sw using Traditional hydrocarbon saturation equation is challenging. As a result, the displacement efficiency of a water drive cannot be accurately determined. In order to properly evaluate displacement efficiency, we must estimate initial reservoir Sw (Swirr) and the modern day Sw. Sw can typically be estimated from NMR data with a proper T2 time cutoff. However, in heavy oil reservoirs, the relaxation times of oil and capillary bound water overlap, leading to an over-estimation of Sw. We propose to compensate for the heavy oil effect by adjusting the cutoff until NMR Sw matches the Sw from core Mercury Injection for Capillary Pressure (MICP). As oilfield development proceeds, water displaces some oil in the pore space. Since the injected water has higher salinity than reservoir water, formation resistivity (Rw) becomes lower. Based on the material balance theory, the variable multiple water injection material balance equation is established, and the equation set is established by combining the material balance equation with the Simandoux equation and the calculation formula of mixed water resistivity (Rwz). According to the rock electricity experiment under different salinity, the dynamic rock electricity parameters are used in the Simandoux equation, and the mixed water resistivity and modern day Sw after water flooding are solved iteratively under the original SW constraint. The displacement efficiency is calculated as the difference between Sw and modern day Sw. The proposed method was applied to 10 wells and improved the Sw accuracy by 5%-15%. The continuous solution Rw from our method matches Rw measured in the lab. The calculated displacement efficiency is compared with actual production history and the accuracy improved from 68% to 80%.

The THOR® fluidized bed steam reforming process has been successfully operated for more than 10 years in the United States for the treatment of low- and intermediate-level radioactive wastes generated by commercial nuclear power plants. The principle waste stream that has been treated is ion exchange resins (IER) and Dry Active Waste (DAW), but various liquids, sludges, and solid organic wastes have also been treated. The principle advantages of the THOR® process include: (a) high volume reduction on the order of 5:1 to 10:1 for IER and up to 50:1 for high plastic content DAW streams depending on the waste type and waste characteristics, (b) environmentally compliant off-gas emissions, (c) reliable conversion of wastes into mineralized products that are durable and leach-resistant, and (d) no liquid effluents for treatment of most radioactive wastes. Over the past ten years, the THOR® process has been adapted for the treatment of more complex wastes including historic defense wastes, reprocessing wastes, and other wastes associated with the fuel cycle. As part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) environmental remediation activities, the THOR® dual bed steam reforming process has successfully processed: (a) Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Sodium-Bearing Waste (SBW), (b) Savannah River Tank 48 High Level Waste (HLW), (c) Hanford Low Activity Waste (LAW), and (d) Hanford Waste Treatment Plant Secondary Waste (WTP-SW) liquid slurry simulants. The THOR® process has been shown in pilot plant operations to successfully process various simulated liquid, radioactive, nitrate-containing wastes into environmentally safe, leach-resistant, solid mineralized products. These mineralized products incorporate normally soluble ions (e.g. - Na, K, Cs, Tc), sulfates, chloride salts, and fluoride salts into an alkali alumino-silicate mineral matrix that inhibits the leaching of those ions into the environment. The solid mineralized products produced by the THOR® process exhibit durability and leach resistance characteristics superior to borosilicate waste glasses. As a result of this work, a full-scale THOR® process facility is currently under construction at the DOE’s Idaho site for the treatment of SBW and a full-scale facility is in the final design stage for the DOE’s Savannah River Site for the treatment of Tank 48 high level waste. Recent work has focused on the development of new monolithic waste formulations, the extension of the THOR® process to new waste streams, and the development of modular THOR® processes for niche waste treatment applications. This paper will provide an overview of current THOR® projects and summarize the processes and outcomes of the regulatory and safety reviews that have been necessary for the THOR® process to gain acceptance in the USA.

A busca pela sobrevivência em mercados cada vez mais globalizados tem tornado a melhoria da qualidade uma necessidade evidente. Neste contexto, tem-se modelos de maturidade de processo como o CMM. Para a área de software, em específico, tem-se o SW-CMM, que é organizado em níveis, compostos por áreas-chave. Uma das áreas-chave do nível 2 trata a questão da garantia da qualidade de software (Software Quality Assurance key practice area). O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma proposta de organização e funcionamento da função de garantia da qualidade de software, visando atender os requisitos do SW-CMM nível 2. Este estudo pode ser caracterizado como exploratório, baseando-se em uma revisão teórica e nas lições aprendidas em um estudo de caso desenvolvido no Brazil Global Development Center (GDC) da Dell Computer Corporation. A proposta descrita neste artigo foi aplicada no GDC, recentemente avaliado e reconhecido como uma organização SW-CMM nível 2.

Abstract Manifestation of Low Resistivity Pay (LRP) Existences in ONWJ Area because of Fine Grained, Superficial Microporosity, Laminated Shaly Sand and Electronic Conduction. Water saturation petrophysical analysis for LRP Case due to those reason above can be solved by electrical parameter determination with Type Curve. But to overcome the LRP caused by Laminated Shaly Sand, the use of high resolution resistivity logs that are close to the resolution of thin bed reservoir is a must. Alternative solutions, conventional high resolution resistivity logs, namely Micro Spherical Focused Log (MSFL) are used to interpret thin bed reservoirs that have the hydrocarbon potential. This intergrated petrophysical analysis is called MAINE Petrophysical Method The Petrophysical MAINE method is the development of the TECWAL (Type Curve, Core and Water Analysis) method which leaves question marks on Laminated Shaly Sand Reservoir and the possibility of variations in the Electrical Parameter and Water Saturation Irreducible (SWIRR) dependent on Rocktype. The Basis of the MAINE Method is the Worthington Type Curve with some assumptions such as Each rocktype has a different value of Bulk Volume of Water (BVW) and BVW can be used to determine the SWIRR value of each rocktype and Each rocktype has different electrical parameter m and n. In the process, the use of J-Function and Buckles Plot is applied to help determinet Rocktype and BVW values. The rocktype will be the media in distributing the value of Electrical Parameter generated by the Type Curve and the value will be used in water saturation calculation. In Laminated Shaly Sand Reservoir, Rocktyping will be analyzed more detail using the High Resolution Conventional Log, Micro Spherical Focused Log (MSFL). The expected final result of this analysis is the more reliable Water Saturation (SW) and the integration of water saturation values in the Buckles Plot which can help in determining the transition zone in order to avoid mistakes in determining the perforation zone. Through the MAINE Petrophysical Method, there is a decrease in water saturation from an average value 86% to 66% or a decrease 23%. This result is quite significant for the calculation of reserves in the LRP zone. By integrating this method with the Buckles Plot, it can help the interpreter to determine the perforation interval in order to avoid water contact or the transition zone