Academic literature on the topic 'Sustainable solvent'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sustainable solvent"
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Welton, Tom. "Solvents and sustainable chemistry." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 471, no. 2183 (November 2015): 20150502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2015.0502.
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Solvents are widely recognized to be of great environmental concern. The reduction of their use is one of the most important aims of green chemistry. In addition to this, the appropriate selection of solvent for a process can greatly improve the sustainability of a chemical production process. There has also been extensive research into the application of so-called green solvents, such as ionic liquids and supercritical fluids. However, most examples of solvent technologies that give improved sustainability come from the application of well-established solvents. It is also apparent that the successful implementation of environmentally sustainable processes must be accompanied by improvements in commercial performance.
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Nguyen Thi, Hai Yen, Bao Tran Duy Nguyen, and Jeong F. Kim. "Sustainable Fabrication of Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Membranes." Membranes 11, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010019.
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Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) has been considered as one of the key technologies to improve the sustainability of separation processes. Recently, apart from enhancing the membrane performance, greener fabricate on of OSN membranes has been set as a strategic objective. Considerable efforts have been made aiming to improve the sustainability in membrane fabrication, such as replacing membrane materials with biodegradable alternatives, substituting toxic solvents with greener solvents, and minimizing waste generation with material recycling. In addition, new promising fabrication and post-modification methods of solvent-stable membranes have been developed exploiting the concept of interpenetrating polymer networks, spray coating, and facile interfacial polymerization. This review compiles the recent progress and advances for sustainable fabrication in the field of polymeric OSN membranes.
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Sels, Hannes, Herwig De Smet, and Jeroen Geuens. "SUSSOL—Using Artificial Intelligence for Greener Solvent Selection and Substitution." Molecules 25, no. 13 (July 3, 2020): 3037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25133037.
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Solvents come in many shapes and types. Looking for solvents for a specific application can be hard, and looking for green alternatives for currently used nonbenign solvents can be even harder. We describe a new methodology for solvent selection and substitution, by applying Artificial Intelligence (AI) software to cluster a database of solvents based on their physical properties. The solvents are processed by a neural network, the Self-organizing Map of Kohonen, which results in a 2D map of clusters. The resulting clusters are validated both chemically and statistically and are presented in user-friendly visualizations by the SUSSOL (Sustainable Solvents Selection and Substitution Software) software. The software helps the user in exploring the solvent space and in generating and evaluating a list of possible alternatives for a specific solvent. The alternatives are ranked based on their safety, health, and environment scores. Cases are discussed to demonstrate the possibilities of our approach and to show that it can help in the search for more sustainable and greener solvents. The SUSSOL software makes intuitive sense and in most case studies, the software confirms the findings in literature, thus providing a sound platform for selecting the most sustainable solvent candidate.
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Bouguern, Mohamed Djihad, Anil Kumar Madikere Raghunatha Reddy, Xia Li, Sixu Deng, Harriet Laryea, and Karim Zaghib. "Engineering Dry Electrode Manufacturing for Sustainable Lithium-Ion Batteries." Batteries 10, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries10010039.
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The pursuit of industrializing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with exceptional energy density and top-tier safety features presents a substantial growth opportunity. The demand for energy storage is steadily rising, driven primarily by the growth in electric vehicles and the need for stationary energy storage systems. However, the manufacturing process of LIBs, which is crucial for these applications, still faces significant challenges in terms of both financial and environmental impacts. Our review paper comprehensively examines the dry battery electrode technology used in LIBs, which implies the use of no solvents to produce dry electrodes or coatings. In contrast, the conventional wet electrode technique includes processes for solvent recovery/drying and the mixing of solvents like N-methyl pyrrolidine (NMP). Methods that use dry films bypass the need for solvent blending and solvent evaporation processes. The advantages of dry processes include a shorter production time, reduced energy consumption, and lower equipment investment. This is because no solvent mixing or drying is required, making the production process much faster and, thus, decreasing the price. This review explores three solvent-free dry film techniques, such as extrusion, binder fibrillation, and dry spraying deposition, applied to LIB electrode coatings. Emphasizing cost-effective large-scale production, the critical methods identified are hot melting, extrusion, and binder fibrillation. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the solvent-free dry-film-making methods, detailing the underlying principles, procedures, and relevant parameters.
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Dong, Xiaobo, David Lu, Tequila A. L. Harris, and Isabel C. Escobar. "Polymers and Solvents Used in Membrane Fabrication: A Review Focusing on Sustainable Membrane Development." Membranes 11, no. 5 (April 23, 2021): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11050309.
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(1) Different methods have been applied to fabricate polymeric membranes with non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) being one of the mostly widely used. In NIPS, a solvent or solvent blend is required to dissolve a polymer or polymer blend. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF) and other petroleum-derived solvents are commonly used to dissolve some petroleum-based polymers. However, these components may have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, using greener and less toxic components is of great interest for increasing membrane fabrication sustainability. The chemical structure of membranes is not affected by the use of different solvents, polymers, or by the differences in fabrication scale. On the other hand, membrane pore structures and surface roughness can change due to differences in diffusion rates associated with different solvents/co-solvents diffusing into the non-solvent and with differences in evaporation time. (2) Therefore, in this review, solvents and polymers involved in the manufacturing process of membranes are proposed to be replaced by greener/less toxic alternatives. The methods and feasibility of scaling up green polymeric membrane manufacturing are also examined.
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Kluge, Steven, Karla Hartenauer, and Murat Tutuş. "Morphology Behavior of Polysulfone Membranes Made from Sustainable Solvents." Gases 4, no. 3 (June 25, 2024): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gases4030008.
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In a previous study, we demonstrated a change in membrane morphology and gas separation performance by varying the recipe of a casting solution based on polysulfone in a certain solvent system. Although all results were reproducible, all used solvents were harmful and not sustainable. In this study, the solvents tetrahydrofuran (THF) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) are replaced by the more sustainable solvents 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran (2M-THF), N-butyl pyrrolidinone (NBP) and cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME). The gas permeation performance and, for the first time, morphology of the membranes before and after solvent replacement were determined and compared by single gas permeation measurements and SEM microscopy. It is shown that THF can be replaced by 2M-THF and NBP without decreasing the gas permeation performance. With CPME replacing THF, no membranes were formed. Systems with 2M-THF as a THF alternative showed the best gas permeation results. Permeances for the tested gases oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) were 5.91 × 10−2, 8.84 × 10−3, 4.00 × 10−1 and 1.00 × 10−2 GPU, respectively. Permselectivities of those membranes for the gas pairs O2/N2, CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 were 6.7, 38.3 and 34.0, respectively. When also replacing DMAc in the solvent system, no or only porous membranes were obtained, even if the precipitation procedure was adjusted. These findings indicate that a complete replacement of the solvent system without affecting the membrane morphology or gas permeation performance is not possible. By varying the temperature of the precipitation bath, the formation of mechanically stable PSU membranes is possible only if THF is replaced by 2M-THF.
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El Deeb, Sami. "Enhancing Sustainable Analytical Chemistry in Liquid Chromatography: Guideline for Transferring Classical High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Ultra-High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Methods into Greener, Bluer, and Whiter Methods." Molecules 29, no. 13 (July 5, 2024): 3205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29133205.
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This review is dedicated to sustainable practices in liquid chromatography. HPLC and UHPLC methods contribute significantly to routine analytical techniques. Therefore, the transfer of classical liquid chromatographic methods into sustainable ones is of utmost importance in moving toward sustainable development goals. Among other principles to render a liquid chromatographic method green, the substitution of the organic solvent component in the mobile phase with a greener one received great attention. This review concentrates on choosing the best alternative green organic solvent to replace the classical solvent in the mobile phase for easy, rapid transfer to a more sustainable normal phase or reversed-phase liquid chromatography. The main focus of this review will be on describing the transfer of non-green to green and white chromatographic methods in an effort to elevate sustainability best practices in analytical chemistry. The greenness properties and greenness ranking, in addition to the chromatographic suitability of seventeen organic solvents for liquid chromatography, are mentioned to have a clear insight into the issue of rapidly choosing the appropriate solvent to transfer a classical HPLC or UHPLC method into a more sustainable one. A simple guide is proposed for making the liquid chromatographic method more sustainable.
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Jordan, Andrew, and Helen F. Sneddon. "Development of a solvent-reagent selection guide for the formation of thioesters." Green Chemistry 21, no. 8 (2019): 1900–1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc00355j.
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Soares, Maria I. L., Ana L. Cardoso, and Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo. "Diels–Alder Cycloaddition Reactions in Sustainable Media." Molecules 27, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041304.
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Diels–Alder cycloaddition reaction is one of the most powerful strategies for the construction of six-membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic systems, in most cases with high regio- and stereoselectivity. In this review, an insight into the most relevant advances on sustainable Diels–Alder reactions since 2010 is provided. Various environmentally benign solvent systems are discussed, namely bio-based derived solvents (such as glycerol and gluconic acid), polyethylene glycol, deep eutectic solvents, supercritical carbon dioxide, water and water-based aqueous systems. Issues such as method’s scope, efficiency, selectivity and reaction mechanism, as well as sustainability, advantages and limitations of these reaction media, are addressed.
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Wang, Yadong, Mingfei Dai, Gang Luo, Jiajun Fan, James H. Clark, and Shicheng Zhang. "Preparation and Application of Green Sustainable Solvent Cyrene." Chemistry 5, no. 4 (October 21, 2023): 2322–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5040154.
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The bio-based solvent dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) is a green and sustainable alternative to petroleum-based dipolar aprotic solvents. Cyrene can be prepared from cellulose in a simple two-step process and can be produced in a variety of yields. Cyrene is compatible with a large number of reactions in the chemical industry and can be applied in organic chemistry, biocatalysis, materials chemistry, graphene and lignin processing, etc. It is also green, non-mutagenic and non-toxic, which makes it very promising for applications. In this paper, we have also screened all articles related to Cyrene on the Web of Science and visualised them through Cite Space.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sustainable solvent"
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Dakubo, Francis. "Sustainable Mining - Solving the Problem of Chalcopyrite Treatment/Processing - Leaching, Solvent Extraction & Flotation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604862.
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Chalcopyrite ore forms the significant fraction of copper deposits in the earth crust. However, it is also the most difficult to treat using conventional ferric leaching methods. Smelting and electro-refining are currently the methods used in treating chalcopyrite concentrate obtained from froth flotation. Due to the ever increasing environmental requirements on smelters by the Environmental Protection Agency, new smelters are scarce in the United States. The scarcity of smelters has led to the urgent need to find a novel leaching method for the abundant chalcopyrite deposits in the USA and the rest of the world. This chapter(one) of the dissertation, therefore, investigated the leaching of chalcopyrite ore at pH 2 using a newly discovered oxidant (peroxodisulfate). Our results show that chalcopyrite leaching using peroxodisulfate follows a surface reaction shrinking core model. The activation energy of chalcopyrite leaching using peroxodisulfate ion was calculated as 41.1 kJ mol⁻¹. We also report that the leaching of chalcopyrite ore is affected by particle size and that stirring hurts leaching of chalcopyrite. Additionally, we found that peroxodisulfate can produce from sulfuric ions electrochemically. Hydrogen peroxide, permanganate, peroxodisulfate and ferric ions are all strong oxidants that have been researched in production pregnant leach solution (PLS) from chalcopyrite ore leaching. Because, solvent extraction is the next step in the recovery of copper from pregnant leach solutions (PLS). The questions, therefore, arises as to the fate of the organic extractant used in solvent extraction coming in contact with strong oxidant residual in the PLS. In chapter two of the dissertation, we studied the effect of strong oxidant residual in PLS on the degradation of organic extractants during solvent extraction of copper. Exposed organic extractants were analyzed using interfacial tension(IFT), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and CG LS. The results obtained from IFT and FTIR analysis, show no effect on the organic extractants exposed to sunlight and PLS containing the residual strong oxidant. Finally in chapter 3, the dissertation exams alternative water source for the flotation of chalcopyrite. Mineral flotation is a water-intensive process in mining. In order to sustain mining operations such flotation, which rely heavily on water, chapter 3 of the dissertation looks at using alternative water sources (in this case reclaimed wastewater) in the flotation of chalcopyrite ores; this effort is to limit the mining industries dependence on fresh ground water particularly in the Southwest of United States where water is a scarce commodity. The research studied the effect of reclaimed waste water on chalcopyrite flotation via contact angle and surface energy measurements. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and flotation tests were used to supplement the findings from contact angle and surface studies. We conclude here that the contact angle of a pure chalcopyrite surface was determined to be 75.6 degrees. We also found that pure chalcopyrite mineral surface is slightly polar with surface energies γCuFeS2^(LW) = 41.4 mJ/m² (apolar), γCuFeS2^(AB) = 2.9 mJ/m² (polar). The high value of the surface energy indicates pure chalcopyrite surface is slightly hydrophobic.
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Draucker, Laura Christine. "Novel Solvent Systems for the Development of Sustainable Technology." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16188.
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Sustainable development in chemical engineering offers technical, industrially relevant solutions to environmental and economic issues. This work focuses on three specific issues; improving solvent selection and reducing costly experimentation, improving catalyst recovery while reducing reaction time, and producing commercial viable biofuels by cost effective pretreatments and valuable side product extractions.
Novel solvent systems are a sustainable solution because they provide the ability to replace costly solvents with cheap, benign, and recyclable systems. Specifically, this work investigated the use of one novel solvent system, Gas Expanded Liquids (GXL).When a solvent is exposed to a gas in which it is miscible at modest pressures and temperatures, the liquid solvent becomes expanded, providing a unique tunable and reversible solvent with properties that can be much different then that of the solvent itself. If you apply this gas to a mixture of two liquids of a solid dissolved in a liquid phase, it can often provide a miscibility switch, aiding in separation, crystallization, and
recovery of products or catalysts. In this work several different applications for organic
solvents expanded with carbon dioxide were studied including miscibility switches for
catalyst recycle, pretreatment of biomass for improved bio-ethanol production, and
extraction of valuable chemicals from lignin waste in the pulp and paper industry. Solid
solubility models to improve solvent selection and predict unique solvent mixtures during
crystallization were also studied. The results reported here show promise for the use of
GXL novel solvent systems and solid solubility models in many sustainable applications.
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Onwukamike, Kelechukwu Nnabuike. "Sustainable cellulose solubilization, regeneration and derivatization in a DBU-CO2 switchable solvent system." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0016/document.
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Source de carbone la plus abondante du règne végétal et non concurrentielle de la chaîne alimentaire, la cellulose est une alternative aux ressources fossiles crédible pour le développement de nouveaux matériaux polymères. Néanmoins, à ce jour, les nombreux travaux décrits dans la littérature et visant la valorisation et la modification chimique de ce biopolymère fascinant ne répondent pas suffisamment, ou tout au moins que très partiellement, aux critères de durabilité. Pour répondre à ces critères de développement durable, le caractère renouvelable de la cellulose et les concepts de procédés propres et de chimie ‘verte’, doivent être réellement pris en compte. Ceci implique un choix réfléchi des solvants et réactifs utilisés, une maîtrise des procédés de modification chimique et bien évidemment une évaluation de la pertinence des produits formés, pour lesquels les propriétés obtenues doivent être innovantes et supérieures aux matériaux polymères existants. Cette thèse se divise en trois parties principales, à savoir la solubilisation, la régénération et la modification chimique de la cellulose. Tout au long de ce travail, une attention particulière a été portée sur la durabilité de sa transformation chimique pour viser l’élaboration de matériaux cellulosiques processables et aux propriétés innovantes. Dans la première partie de la thèse, un système composé d’un catalyseur organique nucléophile (DBU) et de CO2 a permis la dissolution rapide de la cellulose dans le DMSO. Une étude détaillée visant à optimiser le système DMSO-DBU-CO2 a été réalisée grâce à un suivi par spectroscopie infrarouge in situ. Ainsi, jusqu'à 8 % massique de cellulose ont pu être dissous en 15 minutes à 30 °C sous une faible pression de CO2 (2-5 bars). L’originalité de ce système commutable (fixation-relargage réversible du CO2), par comparaison aux autres solvants classiques de la cellulose, inclut une recyclabilité plus facile par simple dépressurisation du CO2 et une solubilisation rapide et douce, à plus bas coût, en comparaison aux systèmes utilisant les liquides ioniques. La mise en évidence de la création de fonctions carbonate par réaction avec différents composés électrophiles tels les halogénures d’alkyle a permis d’avoir une connaissance approfondie de ce système. L'optimisation réussie d'un système ‘propre’ permettant la dissolution de la cellulose nous a conduit à étudier sa régénération. Dans cet objectif, des aérogels de cellulose ont été préparés par un procédé de solubilisation, coagulation et lyophilisation. Différents paramètres ont été examinés tels la concentration en cellulose, le solvant de coagulation ou encore la nature et concentration en super-base (DBU-CO2), sur les propriétés des aérogels (densité, morphologie, taille des pores). Les résultats obtenus démontrent que des aérogels avec une densité entre 0.05 et 1,2 g/cm3, des porosités entre 92 et 97 % et des tailles de pore entre 1,1 et 4,5 μm ont été obtenus. Enfin, l’analyse des aérogels par microscopie électronique à balayage (SEM), a révélé la formation de réseaux de cellulose interconnectés et macroporeux. La modification chimique de la cellulose pour l’élaboration de matériaux processables aux propriétés innovantes fait l’objet de la troisième partie de la thèse. Cette partie est divisée en deux sous-parties: la dérivatisation de la cellulose par réaction de transestérification d’une part, et par réaction multi-composants, d’autre part. Dans la première sous-partie et gardant à l'esprit les principes de la chimie verte, la nature unique du système commutable DBU-CO2 amenant un changement d’hydrophilie du squelette cellulosique a permis l’utilisation directe de l’huile de tournesol pour la transestérification de la cellulose. [...]As the most abundant source of carbon in our planet, without any competition with food or feed supplies, cellulose is a viable alternative to replace the widely used and unsustainable fossil-based polymers. However, the majority of researchers working on this fascinating biopolymer fail to incorporate sustainability considerations during cellulose chemical transformation to make materials. The consequence is a shift of the “environmental burden” to other stages of the process cycle. Therefore, to ensure sustainability, both the renewability feature of cellulose as well as sustainability considerations concerning its transformation processes are necessary. This implies to consider the solvent, the reactants, the derivatization process and the wastes produced as well as an evaluation of the suitability of the resultant products, for which relevant properties have to be obtained to compete with existing alternatives. This thesis is therefore divided into three main parts (solubilization, regeneration and derivatization of cellulose), and addresses the various concerns of sustainability during cellulose transformation with an end-goal of making processable materials.In the first part of the thesis, a sustainable solvent system for cellulose was investigated. In this regard, a detailed optimization study of the DBU-CO2 switchable solvent system was performed using in-situ infrared spectroscopy. Upon optimization, up to 8 wt.% cellulose could be dissolve within 15 min at 30 °C using low CO2 pressure (2-5 bar). What makes this solvent system sustainable, when compared to other classical cellulose solvents, includes: easier recyclability by simple release of the CO2 pressure, fast and mild solubilization and lower cost compared to ionic liquids. Finally, by successfully trapping the formed in-situ cellulose carbonate using an electrophile, a clearer understanding of this solvent system was established.The successful optimization of a sustainable solvent system for cellulose led to the second part of the thesis: the regeneration of cellulose. Here, the general solubilization and coagulation ways followed by freeze-drying was adopted to prepare cellulose aerogels. Various processing conditions such as cellulose concentration, coagulating solvent and super base, were investigated on their effect of the aerogels properties (density, morphology, pore size). The obtained results showed aerogels with densities between 0.05 and 1.2 g/cm3, porosities between 92 and 97 % and pore sizes between 1.1 and 4.5 μm. In addition, from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), open large macroporous inter-connected cellulose networks were observed.The derivatization of cellulose to make thermally processable materials is covered in the third part of the thesis. This part is divided into two sub-parts; transesterification and multicomponent reaction modification. [...]
Als Kohlenstoffquelle mit der größten Verfügbarkeit auf unserem Planeten, ohne Konkurrenz zur Lebens- und Futtermittelversorgung, stellt Cellulose eine interessante Alternative dar, um die vielfältig genutzten, nicht-nachhaltigen Polymere auf Erdölbasis zu ersetzen. Die Mehrheit der Forscher, die mit diesem faszinierenden Biopolymer arbeiten, vernachlässigt allerdings Überlegungen zur Nachhaltigkeit in die chemische Modifizierung von Cellulose bei der Herstellung von Materialien zu integrieren. Die Konsequenz dessen ist eine Verlagerung der Umweltbelastung auf andere Abschnitte des Prozess-Zyklus. Um Nachhaltigkeit sicherzustellen, sind deshalb sowohl der erneuerbare Aspekt von Cellulose als auch Überlegungen zur Nachhaltigkeit im Reaktionsprozess wichtig. Dies beinhaltet die Berücksichtigung des Lösungsmittels, die Reaktanden, des Derivatisierungsprozesses, die produzierten Abfälle sowie eine Beurteilung der Nachhaltigkeit der resultierenden Produkte, die relevante Eigenschaften aufweisen müssen um mit bestehenden Alternativen konkurrieren zu können. Diese Arbeit ist deshalb in drei Teile gegliedert (Löslichkeit, Rückgewinnung und Derivatisierung von Cellulose) und befasst sich mit den verschiedenen Aspekten der Nachhaltigkeit während der Umsetzung von Cellulose mit dem Ziel, verarbeitbare Materialien herzustellen.Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wurde ein nachhaltiges Lösungsmittelsystem für Cellulose untersucht. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde eine detaillierte Optimierungsstudie des DBU-CO2 schaltbaren Lösungsmittelsystems mittels in-situ Infrarot Spektroskopie durchgeführt. Nach der Optimierung konnten bis zu 8 Gew.-% Cellulose innerhalb von 15 min. bei 30°C und einem niedrigen CO2-Druck (2-5 bar) gelöst werden. Verglichen mit klassischen Lösungsmitteln für Cellulose weist dieses Lösungsmittelsystem verschiedene nachhaltige Aspekte auf: Einfaches Recycling durch entfernen des CO2-Drucks, schnelles und mildes Auflösen und geringere Kosten als ionische Flüssigkeiten. Durch erfolgreiches Abfangen des in-situ gebildeten Cellulose-Carbonats mit einem Elektrophil, konnte schließlich ein besseres Verständnis dieses Lösungsmittelsystems erreicht werden. Die erfolgreiche Optimierung eines Lösungsmittelsystems für Cellulose führte zum zweiten Teil der Arbeit: der Regenerierung von Cellulose. Hier wurde der bereits mit anderen Systemen beschriebene Weg von Lösen und Ausfällen, gefolgt von Gefriertrocknen übernommen, um Cellulose-Aerogele herzustellen. Verschiedene Bedingungen bei der Verarbeitung wie die Cellulose-Konzentration, Lösungsmittel zum Ausfällen und die Superbase und deren Effekt auf die Eigenschaften der Aerogele (Dichte, Morphologie und Porengröße) wurden untersucht. So wurden Aerogele mit einer Dichte von 0.05-1.20 g/cm3, Porositäten zwischen 92 und 97% und Porengrößen zwischen 1.1 und 4.5 μm erhalten. Zusätzlich wurden im Rasterelektronenmikroskop offene große und makroporöse, miteinander verbundene Cellulose-Netzwerke beobachtet. [...]
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Whitaker, Mariah R. "Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts Incorporating Solvent-Like Surface Functionality for Sustainable Chemical Production." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563303994362428.
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Fullarton, Claire. "Working towards a new sustainable rechargeable battery : zinc, conducting polymer and deep eutectic solvent system." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31863.
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Electronically conducting polymers based on functionalised thiophenes and pyrroles have continued to stimulate academic interest as well as starting to be employed in practical applications and uses. This thesis describes studies of the electronic properties of mixed thiophene-pyrrole polymers (based on custom synthesised mixed monomer precursors) and polymers electrodeposited from commercially available monomers, pyrrole and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, in respect to energy storage applications including batteries and ion selective membranes. In such applications the movement of ion and solvent through the polymer film during oxidation and reduction cycles is critical to application and function, e.g. charging rate, metal ion permeability or adhesion stability. Recently the unexpected behaviour of polypyrrole in choline chloride based ionic liquids has been described. These liquids are especially attractive because of their unique solubility profiles, high stability, low volatility and low toxicity. This thesis describes the electrochemical characterisation, DC capacitance behaviour and ion/solvent transport properties of conducting polymers using a range of electrochemical methodologies in combination with acoustic impedance electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance techniques (EQCM) and X-Ray Photo-electron Spectroscopy (XPS). The behaviour of several mixed thiophene-pyrrole films, polypyrrole and poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene in different electrolyte media; deep eutectic solvents (DESs), conventional organic solvents and aqueous media are contrasted in this thesis. PEDOT and one of the mixed thiophene-pyrrole polymers (poly 2-(thiophene-2-yl)-1H pyrrole) gave the highest DC capacitances of the polymers investigated, with high values observed in both choline chloride based (Type III) and zinc based (Type IV) DESs. The ion dynamics of the polymers p-doping in the DESs, observed to fit gravimetric data recorded, was able to show a marked difference in the ion transfers between DES types and a conventional organic solvent, acetonitrile. Both polymers in acetonitrile and the zinc based DES (ZnCl2 / EG) satisfied the electro-neutrality condition through dominance of anion transfers. Whereas, polymers in the choline chloride based DES (Ethaline) satisfied the electro-neutrality condition through dominance of choline cation transfers (in the opposite direction to anion transfers). This research involved work towards the development of a new class of rechargeable batteries based on a Zinc-Polymer system incorporating a novel, inexpensive, environmentally sustainable solvent. This work is necessitated by the problems associated with petrol and diesel powered vehicles and the limitations of batteries available for electric vehicles.
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BHANDARI, SHASHANK. "Design of a solvent recovery system in a pharmaceutical manufacturing plant." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190901.
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Solvents play a crucial role in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) manufacturing and are used in large quantities. Most of the industries incinerate the waste solvents or send it to waste management companies for destruction to avoid waste handling and cross-contamination. It is not a cost effective method and also hazardous to the environment. This study has been performed at AstraZeneca’s API manufacturing plant at Sodertalje, Sweden. In order to find a solution, a solvent recovery system is modeled and simulated using ASPEN plus and ASPEN batch modeler. The waste streams were selected based on the quantity and cost of the solvents present in them. The solvent mixture in the first waste stream was toluene-methanol in which toluene was the key-solvent whereas in the second waste stream, isooctane-ethyl acetate was the solvent mixture in which isooctane was the key-solvent. The solvents in the waste stream were making an azeotrope and hence it was difficult to separate them using conventional distillation techniques. Liquid-Liquid Extraction with water as a solvent followed by batch distillation was used for the first waste stream and Pressure Swing Distillation was used for the second waste stream. The design was optimized based on cost analysis and was successful to deliver 96.1% toluene recovery with 99.5% purity and 83.6% isooctane recovery with 99% purity. The purity of the solvents was decided based on the quality conventions used at AstraZeneca so that it can be recovered and recycled in the same system. The results were favorable with a benefit of €335,000 per year and preventing nearly one ton per year carbon dioxide emissions to the environment. A theoretical study for the recovery system of toluene-methanol mixture was performed. The proposed design was an integration of pervaporation to the batch distillation. A blend of polyurethane / poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PU / PDMS) membrane was selected for the separation of methanol and toluene mixture. The results of preliminary calculations show 91.4% toluene recovery and 72% methanol recovery with desired purity.
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Shearouse, William C. "Development and mechanistic understanding of ball milling as a sustainable alternative to traditional synthesis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353089340.
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Zhang, Zhaoxi. "A study of solute-solvent interactions in methanol solutions : potential new sustainable technologies for refinery product upgrading/separating and methanol utilization." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c01e67d6-ed58-4c7c-8913-00f3e0a6408c.
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The upgrading of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline is a significant refinery process which is required to decrease FCC gasoline's alkenes and organosulfur compounds (OSCs) levels to meet stringent, regulated specifications, whilst maintaining or increasing the octane number. The separation and recovery of alkene contents in gaseous alkene and alkane mixtures produced in the refining process is presently a substantial consumer of both energy and resources. The current processes for these upgrading or separation processes rely heavily upon energy - intensive technologies which require severe conditions and complex procedures, involving the widespread use of hydrogen. In this research, I explore new routes, based on novel and innovative chemistry, to improve the considerable energy consumption and overcome the above disadvantages in current FCC gasoline upgrading and gaseous alkene and alkane separation, and to develop lower cost, less energy-intensive approaches to these significant challenges. The potentially sustainable chemical - methanol - was introduced as the key to fulfil the aim of this research. After studying the microscopic nature of the hydrogen bond interactions between methanol and various hydrocarbons, alternative green and sustainable methanol-based "Extractive Refining/Extractive Distillation" approaches for upgrading the FCC gasoline/separating gaseous alkene and alkane has been developed to replace the conventional processes. In addition, what we define as the lower phase mixtures (LPMs) derived from the "Extractive Refining" processes were themselves utilised as feedstocks in a subsequent catalytic conversion process to yield high quality liquid fuel and other products. Through these processes the LPMs is able to be efficiently converted into high added value products such as gasoline, benzene, toluene, xylenes (BTX) etc. The feasibilities, mechanisms and advantages of these approaches and processes form the detailed investigations reported in this thesis. At the heart of these new processes is the fundamental issue of hydrogen bond formation between the extractant solvent, methanol, and the primary constituents of FCC gasoline, that need to be extracted, namely light alkenes and organic sulphur compounds, for the latter, typically taken as thiophene in this investigation . The work progresses from the discovery and evaluation of the applied "Extractive Refining/Extractive Distillation" process in FCC gasoline, back through to the fundamental nature, and investigation of the hydrogen bond between solute and solvent, through a variety of physicochemical techniques.
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Onwukamike, Kelechukwu Nnabuike [Verfasser], M. A. R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Meier, and H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Cramail. "Sustainable Cellulose Solubilization, Regeneration and Derivatization in a DBU-CO$_2}$ Switchable Solvent System / Kelechukwu Nnabuike Onwukamike ; Betreuer: M.A.R. Meier, H. Cramail." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1181190525/34.
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Chagnoleau, Jean-Baptiste. "Extraction de composés naturels à l'aide de solvants durables : expérience et modélisation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5023.
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Les extraits naturels de plantes sont des ingrédients précieux pour un large éventail d'applications, notamment dans les industries cosmétiques ou pharmaceutiques ou dans les industries des parfums ou alimentaires. Mais l'extraction de ces composés naturels reste majoritairement réalisée à l'aide de solvants organiques volatils (COV) et de procédés ayant des impacts environnementaux importants. Dans le contexte récent de la chimie verte et de l'éco-extraction, des solvants alternatifs durables ont été développés pour remplacer les COV. Parmi ces solvants, les solvants biosourcés (BioSol), les solvants eutectiques profonds (DES) et les liquides ioniques (IL) ont fait l'objet d'intenses études au cours des deux dernières décennies. Néanmoins, les développements actuels des techniques d'extraction végétale reposent majoritairement sur des essais expérimentaux, ce qui limite le nombre de conditions et de solvants d'extraction pouvant être évalués. Pour remédier à cette limitation, plusieurs outils de modélisation ont été développés pour prédire les propriétés des solvants et soutenir le choix des solvants. Dans le chapitre I, la durabilité des solvants alternatifs sera discutée et des outils permettant de prédire les propriétés des solvants seront introduits.Dans le contexte de l'économie circulaire et du recyclage des déchets, les sous-produits sont désormais considérés comme une source alternative de composés naturels. Dans le chapitre II de ce travail, la valorisation des kiwis rejetés est proposée par l'extraction de composés bioactifs à l'aide de solvants durables à savoir des solvants eutectiques profonds (DES). Les résultats montrent que les extraits d'écorces de kiwi obtenus avec des DES à base d'acides carboxyliques présentent une activité antioxydante améliorée par rapport aux solvants conventionnels.Dans le domaine des industries de la parfumerie ou de l'agroalimentaire, les techniques d'extractions actuellement utilisées présentent plusieurs inconvénients. Dans le chapitre III de ce travail, des techniques alternatives ont été étudiées pour proposer de nouveaux ingrédients parfumés obtenus à l'aide de solvants durables. Des extraits de feuilles et de fruits de poivre rose (Schinus molle L.) ont été obtenus par extraction solide-liquide et hydrodistillation dans des solutions aqueuses de DES ou d'IL, tandis que les extraits de pétales de Rosa centifolia ont été obtenus par extraction solide-liquide dans des BioSol, DES et IL.Après extraction des plantes, les extraits naturels obtenus sont des mélanges chimiques complexes. Certaines applications nécessitant l'utilisation de composés purs, plusieurs techniques de séparation ont été développées. La chromatographie de partage centrifuge (CPC) est une technique de séparation utilisant les deux phases d'un système biphasique comme phase mobile et stationnaire pour effectuer des séparations chromatographiques préparatives. La possibilité d'utiliser des solvants durables et en particulier le DES pour former des systèmes biphasiques pour le CPC a été peu étudiée. Dans le chapitre IV de ce travail, le développement de systèmes biphasiques contenant du DES ont été étudiés comme systèmes potentiels de séparation des composés naturels. Enfin, le potentiel du modèle COSMO-RS dans la conception de systèmes biphasiques pour la séparation de composés naturels a été étudié. Les résultats démontrent que COSMO-RS prédit dans la plupart des cas les courbes binodales des systèmes biphasiques et les coefficients de partage des composés naturels avec une bonne précision. Ainsi, ces résultats indiquent que COSMO-RS peut être un outil puissant dans la conception de systèmes de séparation et de purification.Dans l'ensemble, ces travaux donnent un aperçu du potentiel de divers solvants durables pour l'extraction et la séparation de composés naturelsNatural plant extracts are valuable ingredients for a wide range of applications, particularly in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical industries or in the perfume or food industries. But the extraction of these natural compounds remains mainly carried out using volatile organic solvents (VOCs) and processes with significant environmental impacts. In the recent context of green chemistry and eco-extraction, sustainable alternative solvents have been developed to replace VOCs. Among these solvents, biobased solvents (BioSol), deep eutectic solvents (DES) and ionic liquids (ILs) have been the subject of intense studies over the last two decades. However, current developments in plant extraction techniques are mainly based on experimental trials, which limits the number of extraction conditions and solvents that can be evaluated. To address this limitation, several modeling tools have been developed to predict solvent properties and support solvent choice. In Chapter I, the sustainability of alternative solvents will be discussed and tools to predict solvent properties will be introduced.In the context of the circular economy and waste recycling, by-products are now considered as an alternative source of natural compounds. In chapter II of this work, the valorization of rejected kiwifruit is proposed by the extraction of bioactive compounds using sustainable solvents, namely deep eutectic solvents (DES). The results show that kiwi peel extracts obtained with carboxylic acid-based DES exhibit improved antioxidant activity compared to conventional solvents.In the field of perfumery or food industries, the extraction techniques currently used have several drawbacks. In chapter III of this work, alternative techniques were studied to propose new fragrance ingredients obtained using sustainable solvents. Extracts of leaves and fruits of pink pepper (Schinus molecular L.) were obtained by solid-liquid extraction and hydrodistillation in aqueous solutions of DES or IL, while extracts of petals of Rosa centifolia were obtained by solid-liquid extraction in BioSol, DES and IL.After extraction from the plants, the natural extracts obtained are complex chemical mixtures. Certain applications requiring the use of pure compounds, several separation techniques have been developed. Centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) is a separation technique using the two phases of a biphasic system as mobile and stationary phase to perform preparative chromatographic separations. The possibility of using sustainable solvents and in particular DES to form biphasic systems for CPC has been little studied. In Chapter IV of this work, the development of biphasic systems containing DES were investigated as potential systems for separating natural compounds. Finally, the potential of the COSMO-RS model in the design of two-phase systems for the separation of natural compounds was investigated. The results demonstrate that COSMO-RS predicts in most cases the binodal curves of biphasic systems and the partition coefficients of natural compounds with good accuracy. Thus, these results indicate that COSMO-RS can be a powerful tool in the design of separation and purification systems.Overall, this work provides insight into the potential of various sustainable solvents for the extraction and separation of natural compounds
Books on the topic "Sustainable solvent"
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Vieri, Marco, ed. SPARKLE - Entrepreneurship for Sustainable Precision Agriculture. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-044-3.
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SPARKLE - Entrepreneurship for Sustainable Precision Agriculture (SPA) is a course aiming to increase 'agripreneurship' among students, entrepreneurs and academics, enhancing knowledge and skills on technologies, innovations, entrepreneurial thinking and problem-solving skills into the farming sector. It also aims to transform the agricultural sector into a SPA-oriented system that could build an innovative ecosystem of agripreuners and agritechnicians around agriculture and entrepreneurship. The course is divided into four areas (SPA Overview, Tecnologies, Social and economic aspects and entrepreneurship in agriculture), 12 lessons and 55 topics leads students on a path for deepening the knowledge in a comprehensive system where technologies are a piece of the whole structure.
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Shah, Wahida Patwa. Community problem solving for sustainable development: A review of Kenya grassroots women's initiatives. Nairobi, Kenya: Kenya Energy and Environment Organizations, 1994.
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Tumin, Valeriy, Elena Zenkina, Ol'ga Ivanova, Petr Kostromin, and Aleksandra Minchenkova. Management of sustainable development of organizations and territories. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2147031.
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The monograph presents general theoretical and practical issues of managing the sustainable development of organizations and territories. The understanding and evolution of the concept of sustainable development management in Russia and the world, mechanisms and tools for its implementation are considered. The views of the authors of the monograph on the role and place of the state, society, business entities and each person in solving this global global problem are presented. Considerable attention is paid to the tools of innovative and investment development of territories, the use of strategic and project approaches in managing sustainable development, ensuring competitiveness of organizations and territories in domestic and international business against the background of sustainable development requirements. It is intended for specialists working in the fields of sectoral and regional socio-ecological and economic issues both within the framework of scientific research and practical management (from federal to municipal and corporate levels). The problems under consideration are also of interest to managers and employees of business structures, design and consulting companies, teachers, students and postgraduates of universities of economics and management, environmental and engineering fields and specialties, students of business schools and retraining.
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Santos, Silvana Romano, and Paulo Yassuhide Fujioka. Iniciativa Solvin 2008: Arquitetura sustentável. São Paulo: Romano Guerra Editora, 2008.
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Manuel, Agosin, ed. Solving the riddle of globalization and development. New York: Routledge, 2006.
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International, Conference on Case Method Research and Case Method Application (12th 1995 Maribor Slovenia). Environmental problem solving: From cases and experiments to concepts, knowledge, tools and motivation : proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Case Method Research and Case Method Application. Munchen: Hampp, 1997.
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Rybarová, Daniela, Brigita Boorová, Gabriela Dubcová, Katarína Grančičová, Ivona Ďurinová, Denisa Gajdová, Vladimír Hojdik, et al. Socio-economic Determinants of Sustainble Consumption and Production II. Edited by Daniela Rybárová. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8640-2021.
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The Proceedings of Scientific Articles and Studies is a partial output of the research project VEGA1 / 0708/20 Socio-economic determinants of sustainable consumption and production and represents one of the planned outputs within the research tasks solved by an experienced team of scientific and pedagogical staff of the Faculty of Business Management of the University of Economics in Bratislava. The aim of the Proceedings is to publish the achieved partial output of the project solution. Contributions are sorted in alphabetical order according to authors' names. The aim of the Proceedings is to stimulate new ideas for scientists who could contribute to the use of new expertise in sustainable consumption and production in the conditions of the current Slovak economy, thus contribute to a more objective view of the researched issues. I believe that the peer-reviewed scientific volume will contribute not only to the popularization of the presented topics, but also to a broader scientific and professional discussion of the authors and their followers.
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Poletaeva, Vladislava. Financial mechanism for the formation of the economy of sustainable industrial growth. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1347148.
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"The monograph is devoted to the development of a financial mechanism for the transformation of the national economic system from a relatively low growth rate and their significant instability of the export-raw materials model to a model of sustainable industrial growth.
In the first chapter, the rationale is made for the feasibility (to solve the problem of forming an economy of sustainable industrial growth) of developing cooperation between the banking sector and the state in the field of financing the manufacturing industry based on the implementation of the interests of all key stakeholders of such projects, the interests of the state, the banking sector and manufacturing enterprises are identified, and the completeness of their implementation within the existing mechanisms of bank-state investment in the economy is assessed.
The second chapter describes the algorithm of transactions for lending to industrial enterprises as part of the financial mechanism for forming an economy of sustainable industrial growth, and also develops methods for implementing the interests of the bank, the authorized state institution (creditors) and the manufacturing industry (borrower) when providing the latter with financing and in a situation of problem debt. In the third chapter, the author formulates a method for determining the "locomotive" industries, investment in which will stimulate the growth of the national economic system to the greatest extent
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Farouq-Ali, S. M., Bita Bayestehparvin, and Mohammad Kariznovi. Sustainable Solvent Based Recovery Methods for Unconventional Reservoirs. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2022.
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Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science: Supercritical Carbon Dioxide As Green Solvent. Elsevier, 2019.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sustainable solvent"
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Tanaka, Koichi. "CHAPTER 14. Solvent-free Conditions." In Sustainable Organic Synthesis, 391–418. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839164842-00391.
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Haas, Paul, Stefan Pfeifer, Jannes Müller, Christian Bradtmöller, and Stephan Scholl. "Separation of the Electrolyte—Solvent Extraction." In Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management, 155–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70572-9_9.
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Thakore, Ruchita R., and Balaram S. Takale. "CHAPTER 13. Environmentally Benign Media: Water, AOS, and Water/Organic Solvent Azeotropic Mixtures." In Sustainable Organic Synthesis, 362–90. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839164842-00362.
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Panakkal, Elizabeth Jayex, Manvitha Theegala, Srihita Grashma Chaparla, Keerthi Katam, Nichaphat Kitiborwornkul, and Malinee Sriariyanun. "Deep Eutectic Solvent Pretreatment of Durian Peel for Enhanced Bioethanol Production." In Environment and Sustainable Development, 463–74. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4101-8_35.
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Singh, Rashmi. "Generation of Nanoparticles from Waste via Solvent Extraction Method." In Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69023-6_113-1.
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Singh, Rashmi. "Generation of Nanoparticles from Waste via Solvent Extraction Method." In Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology, 513–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16101-8_113.
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Doe, P., C. A. Danquah, K. A. Ohemeng, S. Nutakor, B. Z. Braimah, A. Amaglo, M. Abdul-Fatah, et al. "Acute and Sub-acute Toxicity Studies of Solvent Extracts of Crinum pedunculatum Bulbs R.Br." In Sustainable Education and Development – Sustainable Industrialization and Innovation, 752–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25998-2_59.
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Dubé, Marc A., and Somaieh Salehpour. "Towards Sustainable Solution Polymerization: Biodiesel as a Polymerization Solvent." In Green Polymerization Methods, 143–61. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527636167.ch7.
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Rivas, Maria Elena. "Acoustic Synthesis (Solvent-Free) and Resonant Acoustic Mixing (RAM)." In Mechanochemistry and Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Chemical Manufacturing, 173–80. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003178187-10.
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Zhang, Zong, Yi Xue, Xianqing Zhu, Xian Li, Hong Yao, and Kouichi Miura. "Combustion Behavior of Low-Rank Coal Upgraded by Degradative Solvent Extraction." In Clean Coal Technology and Sustainable Development, 31–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2023-0_4.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Sustainable solvent"
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Ikegwu, Ugochukwu M., Victor M. Zavala, and Reid C. Van Lehn. "Screening Green Solvents for Multilayer Plastic Films Separation." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design, 763–70. Hamilton, Canada: PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.162050.
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This paper introduces a computational framework for selecting green solvents to separate multilayer plastic films, particularly those challenging to recycle through mechanical means. The framework prioritizes the selective dissolution of polymers while considering solvent toxicity. Initial screening relies on temperature-solubility dependence, utilizing octanol-water partition coefficients (LogP) to identify non-toxic solvents (LogP = 3). Additionally, guidelines from GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemical Regulation (REACH), and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are employed to screen for green solvents. Molecular-scale models predict temperature-dependent solubilities and LogP values for polymers and solvents. The framework is applied to identify green solvents for separating a multilayer plastic film composed of polyethylene (PE), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The case study demonstrates the framework's effectiveness in identifying environmentally friendly solvents and balancing trade-offs between solvent toxicity and solubility. Furthermore, the framework informs process design by screening for suitable green solvents in selective dissolution processes, potentially leading to the development of more sustainable dissolution processes and the identification of easily recyclable polymer blends in multilayer plastic films.
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Mungu�a-L�pez, Aurora del C., Panzheng Zhou, Ugochukwu M. Ikegwu, Reid C. Van Lehn, and Victor M. Zavala. "A Fast Computational Framework for the Design of Solvent-Based Plastic Recycling Processes." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design, 814–19. Hamilton, Canada: PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.175924.
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Multilayer plastic films are widely used in packaging applications because of their unique properties. These materials combine several layers of different polymers to protect food and pharmaceuticals from external factors such as oxygen, water, temperature, and light. Unfortunately, this design complexity also hinders the use of traditional recycling methods, such as mechanical recycling. Solvent-based separation processes are a promising alternative to recover high-quality pure polymers from multilayer film waste. One such process is the Solvent-Targeted Recovery and Precipitation (STRAPTM) process, which uses sequential solvent washes to selectively dissolve and separate the constituent components of multilayer films. The STRAPTM process design (separation sequence, solvents, operating conditions) changes significantly depending on the design of the multilayer film (the number of layers and types of polymers). Quantifying the economic and environmental benefits of alternative process designs is essential to provide insights into sustainable recycling and film (product) design. In this work, we present a fast computational framework that integrates molecular-scale models, process modeling, techno-economic and life-cycle analysis to evaluate STRAPTM designs. The computational framework is general and can be used for complex multilayer films or multicomponent plastic waste streams. We apply the proposed framework to a multilayer film commonly used in industrial food packaging. We identify process design configurations with the lowest economic and environmental impact. Our analysis reveals trends that can help guide process and product design.
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Ramos, Fernando D., Mat�as H. Ramos, Vanina Estrada, and M. Soledad Diaz. "Enhancing PHAs Production Sustainability: Biorefinery Design through Carbon Source Diversity." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design, 868–75. Hamilton, Canada: PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.150748.
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In this work, we propose a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) model to determine the optimal sustainable design of a poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHAs) production plant configuration and its heat exchanger network (HEN). The superstructure-based optimization model considers different carbon sources as raw material: glycerol (crude and purified), corn starch, cassava starch, sugarcane sucrose and sugarcane molasses. The PHA extraction section includes four alternatives: the use of enzymes, solvent, surfactant-NaOCl or surfactant-chelate. Model constraints include detailed capital cost for equipment, mass and energy balances, product specifications and operating bounds on process units. To assess the feasibility of the PHA plant, we considered the Sustainability Net Present Value (SNPV) as the objective function, a multi-criteria sustainability metric that considers economic, environmental and social pillars. The Net Present Value (NPV) was also calculated. SNPV metric provides useful insights on sustainable PHA production, as the optimal technological route results in the sugarcane-surfactant-chelate option, rather than the sugarcane-enzyme pathway which proves more economically profitable, but with higher environmental impacts. Moreover, inclusion of HEN design significantly improves the objective function value, mainly due to a 24% carbon footprint impact reduction.
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"Biodiesel purification by solvent-aided crystallization using n-hexane as solvent." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-15.
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Abstract. Biodiesel is a form of fuel that has a natural origin as it is derived from organic components such as vegetable oil and animal fats. However, biodiesel has to be purified based on the required biodiesel purity standards before it can be used as diesel fuel. This study focuses on a lab-based purification method which is solvent-aided crystallization (SAC) using a typical solvent used for oilseed extraction that is n-hexane. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters. The purified biodiesel was analyzed via GC-MS to determine its fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content, reflecting the purity of the biodiesel. The effect of cooling temperature and the concentration of the solvent was studied. The highest purity was obtained at intermediate parameter levels; 12°C and 1.5 wt% of n-hexane. The predicted optimum process parameters within the experimental range were 9.924°C and 1.131 wt%, with FAME purity of 99.789%. The data was validated with an experimental run, and the FAME purity obtained was 99.88%, a 0.1% difference from the predicted value. The FAME purity obtained was above the biodiesel purity standards making this environmentally friendly process viable to be used on a much larger scale in the biodiesel industry.
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Doolin, Alexander, Rhys Charles, Catherine De Castro, Rodrigo Garcia Rodriguez, Emmanuel Pean, Rahul Patidar, Tom Dunlop, Cecile Charbonneau, Trystan Watson, and Matthew Davies. "Sustainable Solvent Selection for Perovskite Solar Cells." In Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS). València: FUNDACIO DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA SCITO, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2022.166.
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"Absorption of acid gases (CO2, H2S) from natural gas using a ternary blend of N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), and Sulfolane." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-2.
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Abstract. Natural gas (NG) must be treated to remove sulphur compounds and acid gases i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to ensure that it complies with requirements for sale and transportation. More than 95% of the NG processing plants are operated through the acid gas removal unit (AGRU) using aqueous amine solvent in removing sour gas components from the hydrocarbon gas due to the availability of amine solvent at a low cost. However, the main limitation of this process is the high operating cost of providing sufficient thermal energy at the reboiler for solvent regeneration. Meanwhile, the reboiler duty requirement generally increases with the requirement of CO2 removal efficiency as higher energy consumption is required to strip off a more significant amount of CO2 from the rich solvent. This current study addresses the absorption performance of acid gases using ternary hybrid solvents of MDEA, AMP, and Sulfolane. A study on the effects of solubility on H2S and CO2 absorption was performed at varying pressure (1000-6000 kPa) and temperatures (25°C-50°C) using Aspen HYSYS®V12.1. The results revealed that the concentration of CO2 and H2S in sweet gas increased with the decrease in pressure, while increasing temperature increased the concentration of H2S and CO2 in sweet gas. The future study will look at the reboiler duty required for solvent regeneration using this ternary blend of MDEA, AMP, and Sulfolane.
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"Microwave degradation of carbon fiber reinforced plastics in choline chloride." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-6.
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Abstract. In spite of resin recycling of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is very important as well-known on the viewpoint of environmental protection and resource conservation, the development of effective resin recycling had hardly been investigated. In this study, we investigated the operating conditions for microwave decomposition of CFRP using various alcohols as solvents. In order to avoid rapid absorption of microwaves into carbon fibers (CF), choline chloride was added to the solvent for microwave degradation. Ethylene glycol monoallyl ether (EGMA) was used as a solvent in order to reuse the resin part. Double bonds could be introduced into the resin degradation products. The preparation of cured products by condensation reaction by using the resin degradation products was also successful.
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"Automated determination of optimal component design for a binary solvent for absorption-based acid gas removal." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-31.
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Abstract. Natural gases containing impurities, namely carbon dioxide (CO2), heavy hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and water vapour, need treatment for removing acidic gases (CO2 and H2S) to reduce corrosion and enhance the heat capacity of the gas. This gas is commercially known as "sour", and typically, sour gas is any gas that contains significant levels of hydrogen sulfide. The presence of carbon dioxide can affect natural gas quality, which can also lead to CO2 freezing issues; hence reliable techniques for reducing CO2 and H2S from natural gases is necessary. New blends of amines show CO2 and H2S uptake capacity comparable to traditional MEA benchmark solutions. This work aimed to create different regression models using open-source software and estimate the best fit model for a given amine solvent. For this purpose, data were obtained from simulation using Aspen HYSYS V12.1 for MDEA (40-45 wt.%), MDEA +PZ (42-50wt.% + 0-2.5wt.%), DEA (21-26wt.%). Regression models for different amine solvent blends were developed and validated. The study showed that the XGB Regression model was best suited for the MDEA solution, while MDEA + PZ and DEA were best suited for multiple linear regression. The data is generated using simulation from ASPEN HYSYS and models were created in python correlating the simulation-generated values with the model results. These models showed low MSE, RMSE and high R2 values for the tried solvents.
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Lall, Pradeep, Daniel Karakitie, and Scott Miller. "Process Performance Interactions for Additively Printed Water-Based Nanoparticle Sustainable Silver-Ink With Ultrasonic Atomization on Aerosol Jet Printer." In ASME 2023 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2023-111958.
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Abstract Environmental, social, and governmental factors have received increased attention in the design and manufacture of electronics. Additive printed electronics processes reduce the waste streams from electronics manufacturing by eliminating plate and etch processes, which involve the selective removal of masks and conductive copper to fabricate circuits. In addition, the transition to additive print processes also allows for the elimination of hard tooling, with design changes limited to those that can be implemented quickly, reducing the time involved with design iterations. The earlier versions of additive inks involved using volatile solvents as carrier mediums for nanoparticle inks. Sustainable inks use water as the carrier medium in place of volatile solvents. Owing to the recent introduction of these formulations, less is known about the ability to form functional circuits with sustainable inks or their performance relative to the incumbent non-sustainable volatile organic solvent-based inks. In this paper, the performance of sustainable water-based solvent inks has been studied and compared with that of volatile solvent inks. The Aerosol Jet printer was used in this work to print and develop process parameters for investigation, including ultrasonic atomizer mass flow rate, sheath flow control, and stage speed, with a water-based sustainable silver nanoparticle ink. Electrical and mechanical properties were tested at various sintering temperatures and times, including resistance and shear load to failure. The results show that the electrical properties are improved by varying these parameters, and optical methods have also been used to characterize the results of the printed trace and fitted regression models that have been developed for process optimization.
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"Towards green extraction: A study on solvent selection and methods for antioxidant activities of Diplazium esculentum Retz. and Stenochlaena palustris." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-56.
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Abstract. Green extraction method by combination of stirring method with no presence of heat and the use of aqueous as solvent were highlighted in this study. Various solvents (aqueous, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol) and two extraction methods (stirring and Soxhlet) were used to study their effect on the yield, qualitative phytochemical content, and antioxidant properties of Diplazium esculentum Retz. and Stenochlaena palustris. Stirring extraction method in aqueous has shown to provide highest yield in both plant species with D. esculentum at 8.88% and S. palustris at 9.40%. Saponin was also seen present in both aqueous extracts qualitatively. In the case of FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assay, aqueous extract of D. esculentum (DEA) had the highest value with 687.57 + 0.01 μg Fe(II)E/ml, while stirring method in various solvents had shown to produce high antioxidant activities compared to Soxhlet method. This study revealed that aqueous extracts by stirring method is a promising method for extraction of plant materials and at the same time leading towards a green environment.
Reports on the topic "Sustainable solvent"
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Saavedra, José Jorge, and Gerard Alleng. Sustainable Islands: Defining a Sustainable Development Framework Tailored to the Needs of Islands. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002902.
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Like other Small Island Developing States (SIDS), Caribbean island economies have intrinsic characteristics that make them vulnerable to external shocks. The recent pandemic highlights the structural problems of small island economies. Due to their remote location and small size, islands lack economies of scale and rely on global supply chains, which are currently disrupted. Islands depend either on service-based economic activities like tourism, which are being affected during the current crisis, or on a single commodity, which makes them extremely vulnerable. Islands must rethink their approach to development, adopting one of sustainable development. The Sustainable Islands Platform aims to create a new approach that targets the needs of Caribbean islands and prescribes circular economy-inspired interventions in key areas such as sanitation, waste management, agriculture, fisheries, tourism, energy, transportation, and health. Traditional approaches have not proven successful in solving developing problems on SIDS. Therefore, a new concept that considers islands in a new way should be considered.
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bin Ahsan, Wahid. The SEED Framework: An Evidence-Based, Human-Centered Approach to Solving Complex Social Problems. Userhub, July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58947/journal.frde45.
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Complex social problems such as environmental degradation, public health crises, and social inequity require a problem-solving framework that facilitates systemic change. The SEED (Search, Explore, Evolve, Deliver) framework addresses this need by bridging gaps in traditional approaches, emphasizing inclusive collaboration, iterative design, and a mixed-methods research approach for sustainable solutions. By breaking down problem-solving into four interconnected stages—Search, Explore, Evolve, Deliver—SEED fosters a multi-stakeholder process that is both adaptable and evidence-driven. This paper introduces the SEED framework, detailing its unique stages, alignment with contemporary societal considerations, and applicability in tackling complex, multi-faceted problems. SEED emerges as a practical and adaptive framework capable of facilitating practical and sustainable solutions to social issues. Researchers, practitioners, and social innovators are invited to explore how SEED can enhance their methods for addressing key social challenges.
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Hernández, Manuel, Máximo Torero, Miguel Robles, César Falconi, and Eduardo Maruyama. A Framework for Sustainable Food Security for Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009050.
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This Technical Note presents a framework for food security in LAC that takes into consideration the key drivers and external factors behind food security. This framework for food security policy interventions will guide policymakers and analysts in answering the following questions: i) Which are the top priority interventions needed to provide a more focused approach to food security aimed specifically at dealing with the issues that are impeding LAC's capacity to reduce the impacts of the food crisis on its population and at helping to solve the food crisis, given the region's comparative advantages in agriculture; ii) What is the net impact of policy interventions across households in the region, taking into consideration environment and climate change, water management, trade liberalization, and domestic food prices; and iii) How does a specific policy intervention compare to other policy interventions with respect to net impact on food security, other positive impacts, and net intervention costs?
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Esteban Regino, Edna Margarita, José David Torrenegra Ariza, and Enrique Carlos Urzola Mestra. Use of Design Thinking to Generate Ideas for Digital, Social, and Solidarity Entrepreneurship. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/gcnc.43.
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This class note helps to develop skills that enable students to generate ideas of digital, social, and solidarity entrepreneurship from identifying social problems. It begins by emphasizing the need to promote digital, social, and supportive entrepreneurship. Then it defines social problems that are articulated with the national legal framework and the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Next, it describes the business idea as an opportunity to solve a social problem, working throughout the process under the Design Thinking methodology. This technique is focused on creativity and is used strongly for problem-solving, business modeling, strategic planning, and idea development, allowing for innovation in many aspects focused on the user. This approach helps to identify what people need and want, as well as what they like or dislike. Finally, the learning unit’s product is explained, which must be a technical sheet that reflects the use of the Design Thinking methodology as a strategy for obtaining business ideas. Through these contents, students develop the competence to analyze social problems, generate ideas of digital, social, and solidarity entrepreneurship that are aligned with existing policies and the SDGs.
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Keinan, Ehud. The 18th Asian Chemical Congress and the 20th General Assembly of the FACS. AsiaChem Magazine, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51167/acm00015.
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Most global challenges, including global warming, food for everybody, the race for sustainable energy, water quality, dwindling raw materials, and health problems, are chemical problems by nature. Therefore, Humankind cannot meet these challenges without the chemical sciences and will not solve any of these problems without global cooperation. Chemists have always been doing much better than politicians in meeting these challenges, working together across borders through unique collaboration and friendship. Despite fundamentally different political systems and cultural diversity, chemists go beyond borders, find each other, share their findings, and solve problems together.
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Yun, Caty, and Karen DeMoss. How California's Teacher Residencies Are Helping to Solve Teacher Shortages and Strengthen Schools. Prepared To Teach, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.61625/pzfz4024.
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With significant state investment, teacher residencies are spreading throughout California. These vignettes highlight two California teacher residencies and how they are helping to address shortages and support both students and teachers. These examples also spotlight creative funding strategies that can help California’s investments in teacher residencies become sustainable over time.
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Vera Martínez, Paola Selene. Working Paper PUEAA No.1. Green policies within the framework of the socio-ecological system and the Sustainable Development Goals: an approach from the cement industry. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.001r.2021.
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Since the 1970s there has been a growing interest in international cooperation policies to fight against climate change and its effects on the planet, but these have not had the expected results. One of the main criticisms of these policies is that they have not addressed the issue of human development and the existing socioeconomic differences. This is why the UN 2030 Agenda has focused on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that seek the protection of the environment, on a par with that of human societies. Since both are interdependent, they must be addressed and their problems solved in a sustainable way, taking into account all the socio-economic factors that may affect the results or actions to be taken regarding climate change, both at macro and micro levels in economic and social terms.
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Burov, Alexander S. ANALYTICAL NOTE ON THE RESULTS OF AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF STUDENTS. SIB-Expertise, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0758.18122023.
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The empirical research is aimed at determining the life values and goals of Russian students in the context of solving the problem of ensuring state sovereignty as a sphere of responsibility of the state and a factor in the formation of a new world order. This empirical study is a structural part of the study “Sovereignty and Responsibility of the Russian State in the conditions of the formation of a new world order,” as well as the continuation of the research “Political and legal mechanisms for ensuring the sustainability of socio-political systems” and “Factors of sustainable development of Russian statehood in the context of modern global challenges.”
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Kokurina, Olga Yu, and Alexander S. Burov. METHODOLOGY OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF STUDENTS. SIB-Expertise, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0757.18122023.
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The empirical study is aimed at determining the life values and goals of Russian students in the context of solving the problem of ensuring national sovereignty as a sphere of responsibility of the state and a factor in the formation of a new world order. This empirical study is a structural part of the study “Sovereignty and responsibility of the Russian state in the context of the formation of a new world order”, as well as a continuation of the studies “Political and legal mechanisms for ensuring the sustainability of socio-political systems” and “Factors of sustainable development of Russian statehood in the context of modern global challenges” .
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Wandeler, Christian, and Felipe Mercado. Fresno County Afterschool Transportation Education. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2355.
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Transportation is a critical infrastructure, and K–12 students benefit from understanding the industry and how it impacts their lives. This comprehensive report investigates the landscape of transportation education via the lens of the Madera Unified School District's afterschool programs, thus highlighting its crucial role in shaping the futures of students and, consequently, society. It further explores the substantial enhancements in learning, career readiness, and societal awareness that can be achieved through the strategic incorporation of transportation concepts into K–12 education, augmented by the support of afterschool programs and online educational technologies. The study tackles challenges and explores ways to make learning engaging, using afterschool programs and online tools. Real-world examples show how this education sparks student interest and builds problem-solving skills. Ultimately, results indicate the necessity of a comprehensive approach to empower students for a sustainable and innovative future. By equipping students with the knowledge, skills, and awareness for a rapidly evolving world, educators can cultivate a well-informed, skilled, and innovative future workforce prepared to navigate the complexities of a sustainable and progressive global society.