Journal articles: 'Sustainable Crop Planning'

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Siptits, Stanislav Ottovich. "ALGORITM FOR PLANNING EFFICIENT AND SUSTAINABLE CROP PRODUCTION." Economy, labor, management in agriculture, no. 12 (2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33938/2012-29.

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Magos Brehm, J., S. Kell, I. Thormann, H. Gaisberger, M. E. Dulloo, and N. Maxted. "New tools for crop wild relative conservation planning." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262118000527.

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AbstractCrop wild relatives (CWR) are a vital source of traits for crop improvement – therefore, conserving CWR diversity is critical to ensure food, nutrition and economic security. Efficient CWR conservation planning is a critical first step to maintain this natural resource for future use. The development of National Strategic Action Plans (NSAPs) for the conservation and sustainable use of CWR is an effective means of conservation planning and also plays an important role in sensitizing policy makers and other stakeholders to the importance of CWR. Tools to guide and facilitate countries in CWR national conservation planning and NSAP development have been prepared, namely: an ‘Interactive Toolkit for CWR Conservation Planning’, a ‘Template for the Preparation of a NSAP for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of CWR’, a ‘Template for the Preparation of a Technical Background Document for a NSAP for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of CWR’, a ‘CWR Checklist and Inventory Data Template’ and an ‘Occurrence Data Collation Template’. In this short communication, we briefly explain what these tools are, how they were developed, how they can be used and where they can be found.

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Gurav, Jyotiba B., and D. G. Regulwar. "Multi-objective fuzzy optimization for sustainable irrigation planning." H2Open Journal 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2020.032.

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Abstract The objective of the present work is to determine an optimal cropping pattern under uncertainty, which maximizes four objectives simultaneously, including net benefits (NBF), crop production (CPD), employment generation (EGN) and manure utilization (MUT). Except the objective of maximizing the NBF, the other objectives are related to sustainability. To deal with uncertainty, a multi-objective fuzzy linear programming (MOFLP) model has developed along with fuzziness in decision parameters (objective function coefficient, cost coefficients, technological coefficients and resources) and decision variables (area to be irrigated under each crop in each season) and applied the same to Jayakwadi Project Stage-I, Maharashtra, India. The present study is in the form of a successful attempt to deal with irrigation planning associated with sustainability and uncertainty.

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Hajimirzajan, Amir, Mohammadali Vahdat, Ahmad Sadegheih, Elham Shadkam, and Hamid El Bilali. "An integrated strategic framework for large-scale crop planning: sustainable climate-smart crop planning and agri-food supply chain management." Sustainable Production and Consumption 26 (April 2021): 709–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.12.016.

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Alfandari, Laurent, Agnès Plateau, and Xavier Schepler. "A branch-and-price-and-cut approach for sustainable crop rotation planning." European Journal of Operational Research 241, no. 3 (March 2015): 872–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2014.09.066.

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Nosheen, Shaista, Iqra Ajmal, and Yuanda Song. "Microbes as Biofertilizers, a Potential Approach for Sustainable Crop Production." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 1868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041868.

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Continuous decline of earth’s natural resources and increased use of hazardous chemical fertilizers pose a great concern for the future of agriculture. Biofertilizers are a promising alternative to hazardous chemical fertilizers and are gaining importance for attaining sustainable agriculture. Biofertilizers play a key role in increasing crop yield and maintaining long-term soil fertility, which is essential for meeting global food demand. Microbes can interact with the crop plants and enhance their immunity, growth, and development. Nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, zinc, and silica are the essential nutrients required for the proper growth of crops, but these nutrients are naturally present in insolubilized or complex forms. Certain microorganisms render them soluble and make them available to the plants. The potential microbes, their mode of action, along with their effect on crops, are discussed in this review. Biofertilizers, being cost effective, non-toxic, and eco-friendly, serve as a good substitute for expensive and harmful chemical fertilizers. The knowledge gained from this review can help us to understand the importance of microbes in agriculture and the ways to formulate these microbes as biofertilizers for sustainable crop production.

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Nethononda, L. O., J. J. O. Odhiambo, and D. G. Paterson. "Indigenous Knowledge of Climatic Conditions for Sustainable Crop Production under Resource-Poor Farming Conditions Using Participatory Techniques." Sustainable Agriculture Research 2, no. 1 (September 20, 2012): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v2n1p26.

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Rambuda irrigation scheme is situated in Vhembe District of Limpopo Province in South Africa. It was established in 1952 and farmers do not have access to recorded climatic information. Farmers are growing crops on a trial and error basis, hence low yields and crop loses. The objective of the study was to investigate indigenous knowledge of climatic conditions relevant for crop production using participatory techniques. Situation analysis was conducted to gain information on factors influencing crop choice. Participatory exercise was conducted with 33 of 104 of plot-holders. Farmers could identify climatic factors important for crop production and those limiting to crop performance. Hot, dry conditions during August to October and January months were limiting to crops, particularly sweet potato production. The results showed that indigenous knowledge of climate needs to be considered during agricultural development planning and scientists need to investigate linkages between modern agro-meteorology and indigenous knowledge.

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GOURANGA KAR and ASHWANI KUMAR. "Agro climate characterization for sustainable rainfed crop planning in KBK districts of Orissa." Journal of Agrometeorology 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2007): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v9i2.1127.

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Shah, Farooq, and Wei Wu. "Soil and Crop Management Strategies to Ensure Higher Crop Productivity within Sustainable Environments." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (March 11, 2019): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051485.

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The rising population and reduction in the amount of land and some other resources have created tremendous pressure on current agricultural producers to meet the increasing food demands. To cope with this challenge, certain key inputs, such as fertilizers and other chemicals, are overused, which are worsening the surroundings. This intensive agricultural production without adherence to ecological sustainability has led to declining soil health, land degradation, and severe environmental problems. So, future efforts to feed the growing population should aim for greater agricultural production within sustainable environments. In this regard, innovative steps are needed, as business-as-usual policies lack the potential to cope with these challenges. The concept of agricultural sustainability and various soil and crop management strategies (SCMS) that have been designed to optimize crop yield under sustainable environmental conditions are discussed, including nutrient management, site specific nutrient management (SSNM), integrated nutrient management (INM), integrated soil fertility management (ISFM), integrated soil-crop system management (ISSM), ridge-furrow mulching systems (RFMS), sustainable water management (SWM), conservation agriculture (CA), sustainable land management (SLM), vertical/sky farming, and integrated crop management, and breeding strategies as well as other approaches combined with technological and behavioural changes. The present review suggests that a sustainable production system can be developed by combining the multifaceted efforts under SCMS practices with short- and long-term preventive measures. Reducing chemicals’ usage, such as that of fertilizers and pesticides, plus improvements in the crop input use efficiency could minimize greenhouse gases emissions while protecting the environment. Sustainable agriculture holds promise for humankind and the planet Earth, and it can be successful if all developed and developing nations stand together to seek ‘our common future’ to produce more food while generating less environmental pressure.

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GHOSH, R. K., A. GHOSH, D. MONDAL, S. KANTHAL, and M. K. BHOWMICK. "Critical crop-weed competition - A pivotal factor for annual planning of weed pest management towards sustainable crop productivity." Journal of Crop and Weed 16, no. 3 (January 1, 2020): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/09746315.2020.v16.i3.1392.

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Hagos, Rahiel, Abdulwahab Saliu Shaibu, Lei Zhang, Xu Cai, Jianli Liang, Jian Wu, Runmao Lin, and Xiaowu Wang. "Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) as an Alternative Energy Source and Sustainable Crop." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 11, 2020): 7492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187492.

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Energy and food source crop demand claims to be vulnerable to climate change impacts. The new and orphan crops, which in the past have received only limited research attention but are sustainable to environmental systems, are needed. In this review, we summarize the available literature about Ethiopian mustard as an alternative energy source and its sustainable economic importance as a new promising Brassicacea crop for new opportunities in the face of producing sustainable environment and energy development. Ethiopian mustard has many advantages and can be adopted to replace crops that are susceptible to adverse environmental conditions. Ethiopian mustard is becoming a new promising Brassicaceae crop with the current global energy demand increases. However, researchers have only focused on energy source production which has resulted in developing high erucic acid varieties. This results partly in limited studies on developing Ethiopian mustard edible oil varieties. The adoption and scaling-up of this promising crop as an oilseed crop in developing countries and Mediterranean conditions can sustain the impact of climate change with the demand for food and energy debate concepts. Indeed, further agronomic, quality and genomic studies on oilseed nutritional traits for efficient breeding and utilization are needed.

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Oad, S. J., H. Maqsood, A. L. Qureshi, S. Ahmed, I. A. Channa, and M. I. Ali. "Farm-based Evaluation of Sustainable Alternative Irrigation Practices." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 3 (June 8, 2019): 4310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2810.

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Water management is one crucial component of agribusiness and municipal policy. One of the water-oriented dimensions is irrigation. In Pakistan, there is a lack of water system planning and water conservation management. This study is an effort to focus on water conservation and optimum crop yield using cost effective irrigation practices. This study is based on the comparative analysis among four irrigation techniques: flood irrigation (conventional), furrow, alternate furrow, and raised bed on wheat crop in order to decide the most efficient irrigation technique on clay loam soil. The wheat crop was cultivated in Rabi season from November 2015 to March 2018 on a one-acre area of a local farmer of Sajawal district, Sindh. Randomize complete block design (RCBD) method was used to design and allocate 3 irrigation sub-plots. The results show significance p

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Bissessur, P., C. Baider, N. Boodia, M. G. H. Badaloo, J. A. Bégué, Z. Jhumka, A. Meunier, et al. "Crop wild relative diversity and conservation planning in two isolated oceanic islands of a biodiversity hotspot (Mauritius and Rodrigues)." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 2 (January 26, 2019): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262118000576.

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AbstractThe rising need for crop diversification to mitigate the impacts of climate change on food security urges the exploration of crop wild relatives (CWR) as potential genetic resources for crop improvement. This study aimed at assessing the diversity of CWR of the Indian Ocean islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues and proposing cost-effective conservation measures for their sustainable use. A comprehensive list of the native species was collated from The Mauritius Herbarium and published literature. Each species was assessed for the economic value of its related crop, utilization potential for crop improvement, relative distribution, occurrence status and Red List conservation status, using a standard scoring method for prioritization. The occurrence data of the priority species were collected, verified, geo-referenced and mapped. A total of 43 crop-related species were identified for both islands and 21 species were prioritized for active conservation. The CWR diversity hotspots in Mauritius included Mondrain, followed by Florin and Le Pouce Mountain. Although a wide diversity of CWR has been recorded on both islands, most do not relate to major economic crops in use, therefore only a few species may be gene donors to economic crops at the regional and global level. For example, coffee, a major global beverage crop, has three wild relatives on Mauritius, which could potentially be of interest for future predictive characterization.

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Kumar, Vikram, and Sumit Sen. "Assessment of Spring Potential for Sustainable Agriculture: A Case Study in Lesser Himalayas." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 36, no. 1 (2020): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.13520.

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HighlightsSpring flows are the primary source of water for rural Himalayan communities.An attempt was made to understand the potential of spring discharge as an alternative irrigation source.Improved management of resources is vital to account for agricultural water use.Managing water resources is a collective endeavor for achieving water security.Abstract.With increasing population and restricted water and land resources, there is a growing concern for better planning of the available water and land resources. In the mountainous regions or mountains, there is limited land with uncertain water availability as the rainfall patterns pose a major threat to the livelihood of the people. Therefore, it becomes necessary to quantify and manage the available water resources in a sustainable way. People in the Himalayas are mainly dependent on the springs for drinking water, but not much attention has been dedicated to the development and conservation of these springs. A spring in the Tehri-Garhwal district of Uttarakhand state of India, has been continuously monitored to quantify the available water for domestic use and agriculture. In this study, an attempt is made to understand the potential of a spring for agricultural water use by evaluating the crop water requirement and potential improved strategies to increase the water productivity. Analysis proves that crop evapotranspiration is higher (946-1062 mm) for crops with extended duration (165-180 days) as compared to evapotranspiration (92.91 mm) of short duration (60 days) crops. The total water requirement for major crops in the area is 6411.35 mm and the monitored spring has the potential to supplement this water requirement. Adopting the system of rice intensification to increase the rice yield (by 49%), increases the water productivity. The sensitivity analysis of benefit to cost suggests that, an increase in the crop yield by 30% can increase the revenue in the study area by Rs.3687197, which is 217% more than the input costs. Therefore, it is essential to optimize the available water and area for irrigation to achieve the global water security for increasing population. Further, utilizing springs as potential irrigation sources will support rural community in meeting domestic water requirement and achieving environmental sustainability. Findings of this study will help in planning and implementing management strategies that are resilient in the face of future changes and improve the economic condition of farmers. Keywords: Crop evapotranspiration, Himalaya, Optimization, Sensitivity analysis, Spring.

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Elias, Emile H., Robert Flynn, Omololu John Idowu, Julian Reyes, Soumaila Sanogo, Brian J. Schutte, Ryann Smith, Caitriana Steele, and Carol Sutherland. "Crop Vulnerability to Weather and Climate Risk: Analysis of Interacting Systems and Adaptation Efficacy for Sustainable Crop Production." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 23, 2019): 6619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236619.

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Climate change is increasing mean and extreme temperatures in the Southwestern United States, leading to a suite of changes affecting agricultural production. These include changes in water, soils, pathogens, weeds, and pests comprising the production environment. The aim of this synthesis is to describe the anticipated leading agricultural pressures and adaptive responses, many of which are near-term actions with longer-term consequences. In the semiarid Southwestern United States, climate change is expected to increase water scarcity. Surface water shortage is the leading reason for recent diminished crop yields in the Southwest. Drought and lack of water represent the leading regional weather-related cause of crop loss from 1989 to 2017. Thus, water scarcity has been and will continue to be a critical factor leading to regional crop vulnerability. Soils, pathogens, weeds, and insects are components of the agricultural production environment and are directly influenced by near-term weather and long-term climate conditions. Field crops, vegetable crops, and perennial crops have unique production requirements and diverse management options, many already used in farm management, to cope with production environment changes to build climate resilience. Farmers and ranchers continuously respond to changing conditions on a near-term basis. Long-term planning and novel adaptation measures implemented may now build nimble and responsive systems and communities able to cope with future conditions. While decision-support tools and resources are providing increasingly sophisticated approaches to cope with production in the 21st century, we strive to keep pace with the cascading barrage of inter-connected agricultural challenges.

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Lim, Chun Hsion, Wei Xin Chua, Yi Wen Pang, Bing Shen How, Wendy Pei Qin Ng, Sin Yong Teng, Wei Dong Leong, Sue Lin Ngan, and Hon Loong Lam. "A Diverse and Sustainable Biodiesel Supply Chain Optimisation Model Based on Properties Integration." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 13, 2020): 8400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208400.

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Producing sustainable biodiesel from oil crops has been a great challenge, especially for oil crops plantations that involve various small and medium stakeholders. Differences in plantation activities and environments create a unique sustainability profile for each oil crop that may impose more sustainability issues such as deforestation problems in oil palm plantations. This paper embraced the unique sustainability index profile of each oil crop, and an investigation was performed to evaluate the feasibility of integrating multiple oil crops into the existing biodiesel refinery to improve its economic and sustainability performances. The selection of the process feed is proposed to be based on oil crop properties such as iodine value, peroxide value and saturated and unsaturated fatty acid contents. The sustainability profiles considered in the study include deforestation, oil yield, fertiliser impact, water impact and carbon footprint. Case studies demonstrated that a more balanced sustainability index profile could be achieved at a higher production cost—from USD 6.43 billion·y−1 in a cost-saving-centric solution to USD 39.90 billion·y−1 in a sustainability-improvement-centric solution. The study provided excellent insight into the impact on production cost to achieve sustainability which can help stakeholders to evaluate the feasibility of integrating multiple oil crops in the system.

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Madasamy, Bhuvaneswari, Paramasivan Balasubramaniam, and Ritaban Dutta. "Microclimate-Based Pest and Disease Management through a Forewarning System for Sustainable Cotton Production." Agriculture 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10120641.

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Cotton is an essential commercial crop. Unfortunately, this crop is affected by many pests and diseases, which can cause considerable loss in yield. Climate has a strong correlation with the occurrence of pests and diseases in crops. Currently, weather forecasting services are available to the farmers, which help with weather-based planning of farm operations. Still, weather-based pest and disease forewarning services are not available to all the farmers. Unfortunately, cotton cultivation consumes about one-third of total pesticide consumption, which increases the cost of production apart from polluting the environment. An information and communication technology (ICT) based intelligent pest and disease forewarning system for cotton is an innovative system for providing forewarning on pests and diseases. It aims at improving farm productivity through better crop management. In this paper, the proposed method aims to predict the occurrence of pests and diseases based on microclimatic parameters. This pest and disease forewarning information and appropriate crop management practices will be disseminated to the farmers using electronic media through short message service (SMS), the Internet, etc. In this way, both livelihood security and environmental security are achieved. The proposed model shows a higher optimal performance then the two related works in terms of the average root mean square error rate, average accuracy rate, average percentage error rate, and prediction accuracy.

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Fitzgerald, Heli, Anna Palmé, Åsmund Asdal, Dag Endresen, Elina Kiviharju, Birgitte Lund, Morten Rasmussen, Hjörtur Thorbjörnsson, and Jens Weibull. "A regional approach to Nordic crop wild relative in situ conservation planning." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 2 (February 6, 2019): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147926211800059x.

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AbstractCrop wild relatives (CWR) can provide one solution to future challenges on food security, sustainable agriculture and adaptation to climate change. Diversity found in CWR can be essential for adapting crops to these new demands. Since the need to improve in situ conservation of CWR has been recognized by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (2010) and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (2011–2020), it is important to develop ways to safeguard these important genetic resources. The Nordic flora includes many species related to food, forage and other crop groups, but little has been done to systematically secure these important wild resources. A Nordic regional approach to CWR conservation planning provided opportunities to network, find synergies, share knowledge, plan the conservation and give policy inputs on a regional level. A comprehensive CWR checklist for the Nordic region was generated and then prioritized by socio-economic value and utilization potential. Nordic CWR checklist was formed of 2553 taxa related to crop plants. Out of these, 114 taxa including 83 species were prioritized representing vegetable, cereal, fruit, berry, nut and forage crop groups. The in situ conservation planning of the priority CWR included ecogeographic and complementarity analyses to identify a potential network of genetic reserve sites in the region. Altogether 971,633 occurrence records of the priority species were analysed. A minimum number of sites within and outside existing conservation areas were identified that had the potential to support a maximum number of target species of maximum intraspecific diversity.

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Billah, Masum, Shirin Aktar, Marian Brestic, Marek Zivcak, Abul Bashar Mohammad Khaldun, Md Shalim Uddin, Shamim Ara Bagum, et al. "Progressive Genomic Approaches to Explore Drought- and Salt-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses in Plants under Changing Climate." Plants 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 1910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10091910.

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Drought and salinity are the major environmental abiotic stresses that negatively impact crop development and yield. To improve yields under abiotic stress conditions, drought- and salinity-tolerant crops are key to support world crop production and mitigate the demand of the growing world population. Nevertheless, plant responses to abiotic stresses are highly complex and controlled by networks of genetic and ecological factors that are the main targets of crop breeding programs. Several genomics strategies are employed to improve crop productivity under abiotic stress conditions, but traditional techniques are not sufficient to prevent stress-related losses in productivity. Within the last decade, modern genomics studies have advanced our capabilities of improving crop genetics, especially those traits relevant to abiotic stress management. This review provided updated and comprehensive knowledge concerning all possible combinations of advanced genomics tools and the gene regulatory network of reactive oxygen species homeostasis for the appropriate planning of future breeding programs, which will assist sustainable crop production under salinity and drought conditions.

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NEKRASENKO, L. A. "TAX INCENTIVES TO MANAGE LAND AS A NATURAL ASSET." Economic innovations 24, no. 1(82) (March 20, 2022): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).122-129.

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Topicality. Successful economic development of agriculture is one of the components of Ukraine's sustainable development. But this development very often leads to changes in natural and climatic conditions and to increased risks for doing business. Agricultural land is a natural asset and it should be taken into account that the change oflandscapes from natural vegetation to any other use can lead to loss, degradation, and fragmentation of the environment, all of which can have devastating consequences for biodiversity as a source of ecosystem services. Therefore, it is important to find ways to rationally manage the land.Aim and tasks. The purpose of our study was to substantiate the relevance of taxes for the management and rational use of land as a natural asset. As a tool, we consider a tax on crop rotation, which leads to a decrease in soil fertility and the release of carbon from dying plant residues. Crop rotation planning will help reprioritize crop selection, increase fertility and reduce carbon emissions.Research results. The main component of the sustainable development of the agricultural sector is soil fertility. At the same time, land use and agriculture are the main natural agents for reducing air pollution. Today, agriculture accounts for about 20% of greenhouse gas emissions, and humus losses range from 19% to 22% in different natural areas. Considering agricultural land as a natural asset, it should be taken into account that their irrational use leads to a change in natural and climatic conditions and an increase in risks for doing business. We have proposed to introduce carbon crop rotations as a tool for soil quality management. In our opinion, this should contribute to a change in priorities in the choice of agricultural crops, and as a result, an increase in fertility and an increase in carbon sequestration. To stimulate agricultural enterprises, we consider it expedient to introduce a tax on crop rotation. To substantiate this idea, we have created a model for the dependence of CO2 absorption/emission on the yield of various crops and a decision-making model for planning the costs of an agricultural enterprise.Conclusion. We have conducted a study of the relationship between the yield of various crops and the absorption/release of carbon dioxide. We put forward a hypothesis: there is a certain relationship between the yield of different crops and the balance of absorption/release of CO2. We have studied this connection. The model of dependence of CO2 uptake/emission on the yield of different crops shows that the ability to release carbon by plant residues of different agricultural crops has both a direct and inverse relationship with the yield of various crops. We have developed a decision-making model for planning the costs of an enterprise, subject to planning for environmental risks or paying a tax on carbon crop rotations. Thus, the problems of land use as a natural asset in agriculture can be solved by: the introduction of carbon crop rotations, which should help change priorities in the choice of agricultural crops, and the introduction of a balanced and evidence-based approach to the development and implementation of environmental taxes.

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Sheirdil, Rizwan Ali, Rifat Hayat, Xiao-Xia Zhang, Nadeem Akhtar Abbasi, Safdar Ali, Mukhtar Ahmed, Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak, and Shakeel Ahmad. "Exploring Potential Soil Bacteria for Sustainable Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Production." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 18, 2019): 3361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123361.

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The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could allow growers to reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers and increase the sustainability of crop production. Wheat is the main staple food crop of Pakistan, and few studies have reported on the impact of PGPR on wheat crops. To determine if PGPR can maintain wheat productivity with reduced fertilizer applications, we isolated bacteria from the rhizosphere of wheat grown in sandy loam. We selected 10 strains based on in vitro assays for traits associated with PGPR: ACC deaminase activity, siderophore productivity, P-solubilization, and productivity of indole acetic acid (IAA). Furthermore, the strains were tested in three experiments (using a growth-chamber, pots with an experimental area of 0.05 m2, and a field). Strains that possessed the four traits associated with PGPR increased the shoot length, root length, and fresh and dry weight of plants in the growth chamber study. Similarly, under the pot trial, maximum crop traits were observed under the consortium + half dose, while under field conditions maximum crop parameters were detected in the case of consortium 1 and consortium 2 along with half the recommended dose of fertilizer. This confirms that this consortium could provide growers with a sustainable approach to reduce synthetic fertilizer usage in wheat production.

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Varga, Balázs. "Plant Breeding Supporting the Sustainable Field Crop Production." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (February 23, 2023): 4040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054040.

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Ghabru, S. K., and Pradeep Kumar. "Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Highland Farming in Western Himalayas." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 48, no. 4 (January 2002): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340214198.

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Liu, Zhenhuan, Guoping Tang, Yi Zhou, Jing Sun, Wenbin Wu, and Peng Yang. "Why can China maintain a high crop diversity? A spatial-temporal dynamic analysis." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 46, no. 2 (December 7, 2021): 217–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03091333211055850.

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Crop diversity is crucial for producing more food and nutrition in the crowded planet and achieving agricultural sustainable development, and thus it is a hot topic in shaping policies aimed at ensuring food security. Many studies have revealed that enhanced crop diversity can benefit crop productivity. However, research on how to maintain a relatively high crop diversity at regional and national scales remains limited. This study attempts to examine the underlying mechanisms of crop diversity changes in China and eventually answer why China can maintain a high crop diversity from the spatial-temporal perspective. To achieve this end, the county level crop area dataset for the period of 1980–2014 was compiled and used to quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of crop diversity in China. The result reveals that the China’s crop diversity trended upward over past 35 years, evidenced by more than 7 major crops at national level and 4 major crops at county level having undergone massive planting process to maintain a high crop diversity. Spatially, the crop diversity increased in more than two-thirds of the counties, and its hotspots moved gradually to the south-west mountainous area. The natural factor of slope and the social factor of population density contributed to shape the crop diversity pattern in global effects. In contrast, the irrigation degree, elevation of cropland, mean annual temperature and precipitation affected the spatially non-stationary distribution of crop diversity at the local level. On the whole, the maintenance of a higher crop diversity in China not only was limited by natural conditions, but also subject to adopt the multi-cropping systems strategic choice for the country to agricultural conditions. We argued that crop diversity can be an indicator to draw agricultural zoning, and increasing crop diversity should be recognized as a policy tool to implement agricultural sustainable development strategy.

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Alfandari, L., J. L. Lemalade, A. Nagih, and G. Plateau. "A MIP flow model for crop-rotation planning in a context of forest sustainable development." Annals of Operations Research 190, no. 1 (June 4, 2009): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10479-009-0553-0.

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Maikhuri, R. K., K. S. Rao, and K. G. Saxena. "Traditional crop diversity for sustainable development of Central Himalayan agroecosystems." International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology 3, no. 3 (September 1996): 8–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504509609469926.

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Sarwar, Naeem, Naseem Abbas, Omer Farooq, Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Waqar Hassan, Khuram Mubeen, Atique-ur Rehman, Muhammad Shehzad, Matlob Ahmad, and Abdul Khaliq. "Biochar Integrated Nutrient Application Improves Crop Productivity, Sustainability and Profitability of Maize–Wheat Cropping System." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 2232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032232.

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Enhancing cereal crop production to feed the largely growing population is an important approach towards maintaining food security. Fertilizer management is the major component of crop production requiring special attention for sustainable application. Integrated nutrient management (INM) is an evolving idea, which appears to contribute to sustainable nutrient management. A field study was designed to see the impact of INM on a maize–wheat cropping system during winter (wheat) and summer (maize) season at Agronomic Research Farm, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan. Both wheat and maize crops were grown consecutively along with full inorganic fertilizer (NPK) as well as with partial dose of fertilizer (25%, 50%, 75% NPK) supplemented with or without the addition of biochar (5 ton/ha). Data were collected regarding crop growth, yield and quality and further analyzed using MSTAT-C statistics software. Results revealed that the INM approach (75% of NPK + Biochar) enabled crops to improve dry matter production and its translocation towards sink which in turn boosted the crop productivity. This treatment improved dry matter (19%, 57%), grain weight (44%, 54%), grain yield (60%, 63%) and harvest index (30%, 29%) over the control in maize and wheat crops. It also improved the nutrient uptake in the plants which in turn improved the nutrient contents in the grains. Similarly, crops recorded higher system productivity (USD 790, USD 830) in both years and were found to be economically sustainable under INM. It was concluded that an INM strategy (75% of NPK + Biochar) can improve the productivity and sustainability of a maize–wheat cropping system to maintain the food security.

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Adekanmbi, Oluwole, Oludayo Olugbara, and Josiah Adeyemo. "An Investigation of Generalized Differential Evolution Metaheuristic for Multiobjective Optimal Crop-Mix Planning Decision." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/258749.

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This paper presents an annual multiobjective crop-mix planning as a problem of concurrent maximization of net profit and maximization of crop production to determine an optimal cropping pattern. The optimal crop production in a particular planting season is a crucial decision making task from the perspectives of economic management and sustainable agriculture. A multiobjective optimal crop-mix problem is formulated and solved using the generalized differential evolution 3 (GDE3) metaheuristic to generate a globally optimal solution. The performance of the GDE3 metaheuristic is investigated by comparing its results with the results obtained using epsilon constrained and nondominated sorting genetic algorithms—being two representatives of state-of-the-art in evolutionary optimization. The performance metrics of additive epsilon, generational distance, inverted generational distance, and spacing are considered to establish the comparability. In addition, a graphical comparison with respect to the true Pareto front for the multiobjective optimal crop-mix planning problem is presented. Empirical results generally show GDE3 to be a viable alternative tool for solving a multiobjective optimal crop-mix planning problem.

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Поленкова, Марина В. "ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВПЛИВУ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ НА СТАЛИЙ РОЗВИТОК РЕГІОНІВ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Series: Economic sciences 151, no. 5 (March 30, 2021): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2413-0117.2020.5.5.

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The article substantiates the relevance of sustainable development in modern business settings. The study provides calculation of indices of economic, environmental and social sustainability of regions in the 2017–2019 period along with suggesting an algorithm for a multifactor dynamic regression modeling method application. Within the scope of this research, the impact of agribusiness companies’ performances on economic, environmental and social sustainability of regions has been measured to integrate them as the key elements of aggregated indices of regional sustainable development. The greatest influence among the studied indicators on the economic, ecological and social sustainability of the region was revealed. To attain the research agenda, a methodological approach based on the calculation of indices and growth rates for relevant economic, social and environmental indicators has been employed. The findings reveal that the greatest impact on regional economic sustainability have the following indicators: total output of roots, tubers, vegetables and cucurbits produced by food manufacturing companies of all categories; the crop area for harvesting grain and grain legumes; total output of industrial crops; the area for forage crops harvesting. The greatest impact on environmental regional sustainability is attributed to the following indicators: the crop area for harvesting roots, tubers, vegetables and cucurbits; the area where the pesticides were applied. The greatest impact on social regional sustainability among all indicators under study has been demonstrated by the output of grain and grain legumes and the crop area for harvesting industrial crops. Based on the research findings, in the context of agribusiness strategic planning, the study provides a reasoned argument as to the critical need to adhere to the basic principles of sustainable development to ensure further socioeconomic growth in rural areas.

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M. Tahat, Monther, Kholoud M. Alananbeh, Yahia A. Othman, and Daniel I. Leskovar. "Soil Health and Sustainable Agriculture." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 15, 2020): 4859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124859.

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A healthy soil acts as a dynamic living system that delivers multiple ecosystem services, such as sustaining water quality and plant productivity, controlling soil nutrient recycling decomposition, and removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Soil health is closely associated with sustainable agriculture, because soil microorganism diversity and activity are the main components of soil health. Agricultural sustainability is defined as the ability of a crop production system to continuously produce food without environmental degradation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), cyanobacteria, and beneficial nematodes enhance water use efficiency and nutrient availability to plants, phytohormones production, soil nutrient cycling, and plant resistance to environmental stresses. Farming practices have shown that organic farming and tillage improve soil health by increasing the abundance, diversity, and activity of microorganisms. Conservation tillage can potentially increase grower’s profitability by reducing inputs and labor costs as compared to conventional tillage while organic farming might add extra management costs due to high labor demands for weeding and pest control, and for fertilizer inputs (particularly N-based), which typically have less consistent uniformity and stability than synthetic fertilizers. This review will discuss the external factors controlling the abundance of rhizosphere microbiota and the impact of crop management practices on soil health and their role in sustainable crop production.

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Katekar, Vishal, and Jeevan Kumar Cheruku. "The Application of Drone Technology for Sustainable Agriculture in India." Current Agriculture Research Journal 10, no. 3 (January 5, 2023): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.10.3.19.

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Agriculture in India faces challenges from multiple fronts: decline in productivity, climate change and sustainability. Using drones in farming contributes to sustainable agriculture in terms of social, economic and environmental dimensions. This article discusses the advantages of adopting drone technology in India. The drones are useful in multiple ways, such as, soil analysis for field planning, plant establishment, precision application of agrochemicals, crop monitoring, irrigation management, crop health assessment, livestock monitoring, and disaster management, geo-fencing, crop biomass and damage estimation, locust control, and transporting goods in agriculture. The paper also describes the initiatives of Government of India towards promoting drone technology. Challenges in use of the drone technology have been discussed. The study found that the application of drone technology saves time, labour, water, and cuts spending on chemicals. It also reduces use of chemicals and eliminates the chemical exposure to human. The paper concludes that the government should effectively adopt and leverage the potential of drone technology for transforming the agriculture sector and life of millions of farmers in India.

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Sharififar, Amin, Hadi Ghorbani, and Haji Karimi. "Integrated Land Evaluation for Sustainable Agricultural Production by Using Analytical Hierarchy Process." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 59, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2013-0012.

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Abstract This study discusses sustainable agricultural production by land evaluation based on a multiple criteria approach. The study was carried out in the Bastam region located at the north Shahrood township of Semnan Province in the northeast of Iran. Soil, landscape and climatic data were collected to assess the study area based on its capability for cultivation of apple, tomato, wheat and white potato. Making the final decision for growing the most appropriate crop was based upon three criteria: (1) the physical suitability of the study area for crop cultivation; (2) environmental consideration; (3) economic benefit accruing from the production of each crop. The results of the assessment of the above criteria were incorporated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. Ultimately, wheat was found to be the most suitable crop for cultivation considering all the criteria in the study area. This study, therefore, was a step taken towards promoting sustainable agriculture by trying to introduce as efficient an approach as possible in land use planning, and selecting the most sustainable ways to put the land to optimum use.

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SINGH, P. K., L. S. RATHORE, K. K. SINGH, A. K. BAXLA, and B. ATHIYAMAN. "Incomplete Gamma distribution of rainfall for sustainable crop production strategies at Palampur, Himachal Pradesh." MAUSAM 60, no. 1 (November 27, 2021): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v60i1.1016.

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The knowledge of rainfall pattern (amount and probability) helps in planning of crops to be grown in a region. Therefore weekly, monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall data for 33 years (1974-2006) for the station Palampur have been collected and its analysis has been attempted. The annual and monthly rainfall data were analyzed for finding out drought normality and abnormality. The analysis indicated that the rainfall is mainly confined in annual rainfall 2343 mm with 25.7 per cent variability. The standard deviation of annual rainfall is 62.8 mm. Each standard week from 26th to 35th receive a rainfall of more than 100 mm, indicating the crop period. Seed sowing in paddy nursery in the Palampur region generally takes places immediately after initiation of monsoon during 23rd - 25th standard meteorological weeks and transplanting is carried out around 27th or 28th standard meteorological week. The tillering, 50 percent flowering and dough stage are observed during 32-33rd, 37-38th and 40-41st standard meteorological weeks respectively.

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Sivakumar, M. V. K., and C. Valentin. "Agroecological zones and the assessment of crop production potential." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, no. 1356 (July 29, 1997): 907–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0070.

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The rapidly growing world population puts considerable pressure on the scarce natural resources, and there is an urgent need to develop more efficient and sustainable agricultural production systems to feed the growing population. This should be based on an initial assessment of the physical and biological potential of natural resources, which can vary greatly. The agroecological zonation (AEZ) approach presents a useful preliminary evaluation of this potential, and ensures that representation is maintained at an appropriate biogeographic scale for regional sustainable development planning. The principal AEZs of the world, as described by the Technical Advisory Committee of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, are presented along with their extent and characteristics. Net primary productivity of terrestrial vegetation can be assessed from weather data, and it varies from 1 t dry matter ha −1 yr −1 in high latitude zones and dry regions to 29 t ha −1 yr −1 in tropical wet regions, depending on the climatic conditions. To assess the crop production potential, length of the growing period zones, a concept introduced by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, is very useful as it describes an area within which rainfall and temperature conditions are suitable for crop growth for a given number of days in the year. These data, combined with the information on soils and known requirements of different food crops, can be used to assess the potential crop productivity. Some perspectives on AEZs and crop production potential are presented by describing the manner in which production potential can be integrated with present constraints. Efforts to intensify production should place emphasis on methods appropriate to the socio-economic conditions in a given AEZ, and on promotion of conservation-effective and sustainable production systems to meet the food, fodder and fuel needs for the future.

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Jahanshiri, Ebrahim, Nur Marahaini Mohd Nizar, Tengku Adhwa Syaherah Tengku Mohd Suhairi, Peter J. Gregory, Ayman Salama Mohamed, Eranga M. Wimalasiri, and Sayed N. Azam-Ali. "A Land Evaluation Framework for Agricultural Diversification." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 3110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083110.

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Shortlisting ecologically adaptable plant species can be a starting point for agricultural diversification projects. We propose a rapid assessment framework based on an ecological model that can accelerate the evaluation of options for sustainable crop diversification. To test the new model, expert-defined and widely available crop requirement data were combined with more than 100,000 occurrence data for 40 crops of different types (cereals, legumes, vegetables, fruits, and tubers/roots). Soil pH, texture, and depth to bedrock data were obtained and harmonised based on the optimal rooting depths of each crop. Global baseline temperature and rainfall data were used to extract averages at each location. To evaluate the ability of the method to capture intraspecies variation, a test was performed using more than 1000 accession records of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) as an exemplar underutilised crop. Results showed that a suitability index based on soil pH and an index that combines the thermal suitability moderated by the soil pH, texture, and depth suitability have the potential to predict crop adaptability. We show that the proposed method can be combined with traditional land use and crop models to evaluate diversification options for sustainable land and agrobiodiversity resources management.

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Jensen, John R., Maria Garcia-Quijano, Brian Hadley, Jungho Im, Zhongwu Wang, Abraham L. Nel, Eduarda Teixeira, and Bruce A. Davis. "Remote Sensing Agricultural Crop Type for Sustainable Development in South Africa." Geocarto International 21, no. 2 (June 2006): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106040608542378.

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Magesa, Bahati Ally, Geetha Mohan, Indrek Melts, Hirotaka Matsuda, Jian Pu, and Kensuke Fukushi. "Interactions between Farmers’ Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change and Sustainable Development Goals in Tanzania, East Africa." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (March 9, 2023): 4911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15064911.

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This study investigated the potential adaptation measures for farmers in the Mwanga and Same Districts of Tanzania and then assessed their positive and negative interactions towards potential contributions to the selected sustainable development goal (SDG) indicators of no poverty and zero hunger. A total of 200 household surveys were conducted, and 36 participants were interviewed as key informants. Moreover, four focus group discussions were conducted to identify potential adaptation strategies in the studied areas. The literature and expert judgement approaches were used to understand and assess the positive and negative interactions between adaptation strategies and the selected indicators of SDGs. A seven-point scale of SDG interactions was used to determine the interactions between identified adaptation strategies and selected SDG indicators. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis, whereas quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. The finding revealed that some of the adaptation strategies (i.e., stream bank crop cultivation, valley bottom crop cultivation, and cultivating crops near water sources) considered potential at the household levels and had strong negative interactions on achieving SDG 2.4.1. Further, most farmers hardly employed strategies (i.e., use of extension officers, concrete irrigation channels, crop insurance schemes, and credit schemes) that had strong positive interactions on the selected SDG indicators. Moreover, most of the identified strategies (i.e., early maturity crops, planting drought-resistant crops, use of improved varieties, mixing improved and local varieties, mixing short and long duration varieties, and crop diversification) are enabling strategies (+1), which, despite their importance, may constrain (−1) the income of small-scale farmers, food security, and poverty reduction. The importance of other strategies (i.e., irrigation infrastructures) must be addressed for better yields and positive impacts. Hence, achieving SDGs 1 and 2 in the studied areas will require the integration of different adaptation strategies that complement each other, and not by promoting only some strategies as used or suggested before. For example, the emphasis on using improved varieties and crop diversification should be complemented by access to credit schemes, irrigation infrastructures, crop insurance, and extension services at the village level.

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Tan, Chengjia, Mohammad Talib Kalhoro, Yahya Faqir, Jiahua Ma, Matthew Duah Osei, and Ghulam Khaliq. "Climate-Resilient Microbial Biotechnology: A Perspective on Sustainable Agriculture." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (May 6, 2022): 5574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095574.

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We designed this review to describe a compilation of studies to enlighten the concepts of plant–microbe interactions, adopted protocols in smart crop farming, and biodiversity to reaffirm sustainable agriculture. The ever-increasing use of agrochemicals to boost crop production has created health hazards to humans and the environment. Microbes can bring up the hidden strength of plants, augmenting disease resistance and yield, hereafter, crops could be grown without chemicals by harnessing microbes that live in/on plants and soil. This review summarizes an understanding of the functions and importance of indigenous microbial communities; host–microbial and microbial–microbial interactions; simplified experimentally controlled synthetic flora used to perform targeted operations; maintaining the molecular mechanisms; and microbial agent application technology. It also analyzes existing problems and forecasts prospects. The real advancement of microbiome engineering requires a large number of cycles to obtain the necessary ecological principles, precise manipulation of the microbiome, and predictable results. To advance this approach, interdisciplinary collaboration in the areas of experimentation, computation, automation, and applications is required. The road to microbiome engineering seems to be long; however, research and biotechnology provide a promising approach for proceeding with microbial engineering and address persistent social and environmental issues.

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A.V.R. KESAVA RAO, S.P. WANI, PIARA SINGH, G.G.S.N. RAO, L. S. RATHORE, and T. K. SREEDEVI. "Agroclimatic assessment of watersheds for crop planning and water harvesting." Journal of Agrometeorology 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2008): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v10i1.1159.

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Agroclimatic analysis of two nucleus-watersheds viz., Malleboinpally (Alfisols) in Jadcherla mandal of Mahabubnagar district and Nandavaram (Vertisols) in Banaganapalle mandal of Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh (India) was carried out using agromet data for the period 1971-2006. Water balance analysis indicated moderate water surplus at Malleboinpally (179 mm) and at Nandavaram it is low at 40 mm. Both watersheds have similar water deficits of 1050-1100 mm per year. Runoff analyses indicated that about 0.3 to 0.5 million m3 water is available for storage during normal years at the watershed area of 500 ha. In the wet years, Malleboinpally has a potential of about 1.25 million m3. Nandavaram has the lowest potential even in wet years. Though both the locations have Semi-Arid type of climate, there is a tendency for the climate to temporarily shift towards drier side. Malleboinpally has the most stable climate (Semi-Arid) climate. In contrast, Nandavaram showed higher tendency towards arid type of climate. Nandavaram provides greater opportunity for double cropping as the LGP here ranges from 120 to 195 days. Malleboinpally has LGP ranging from 100 to 160 days and provides greater potential for sole cropping during rainy season and intercropping with short to medium-duration crops. Early and mid-season droughts occur at Nandavaram and this watershed would require crop / varieties tolerant to early or mid- season droughts depending upon the location. Malleboinpally has greater potential for water harvesting and offers opportunity for supplemental irrigation. These results help in arriving at efficient and sustainable management of natural resources and thereby sustaining rural livelihoods at watershed level.

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Sampath, Prasanna Venkatesh, Gaddam Sai Jagadeesh, and Chandra Sekhar Bahinipati. "Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for the Future." Water 12, no. 10 (September 30, 2020): 2738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102738.

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The COVID-19 pandemic is adversely impacting food and nutrition security and requires urgent attention from policymakers. Sustainable intensification of agriculture is one strategy that attempts to increase food production without adversely impacting the environment, by shifting from water-intensive crops to other climate-resistant and nutritious crops. This paper focuses on the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh by studying the impact of shifting 20% of the area under paddy and cotton cultivation to other crops like millets and pulses. Using FAO’s CROPWAT model, along with monsoon forecasts and detailed agricultural data, we simulate the crop water requirements across the study area. We simulate a business-as-usual base case and compare it to multiple crop diversification strategies using various parameters—food, calories, protein production, as well as groundwater and energy consumption. Results from this study indicate that reduced paddy cultivation decreases groundwater and energy consumption by around 9–10%, and a calorie deficit between 4 and 8%—making up this calorie deficit requires a 20–30% improvement in the yields of millets and pulses. We also propose policy interventions to incentivize the cultivation of nutritious and climate-resistant crops as a sustainable strategy towards strengthening food and nutrition security while lowering the environmental footprint of food production.

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Sani, M. H., and U. Haruna. "Farm Planning Model for Sustainable Vegetable Crop Production in the Eastern Part of Kogi State, Nigeria." Journal of Agronomy 9, no. 1 (December 15, 2009): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ja.2010.17.22.

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Smith, Martin. "The application of climatic data for planning and management of sustainable rainfed and irrigated crop production." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 103, no. 1-2 (June 2000): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1923(00)00121-0.

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Allen, E., H. Gaisberger, J. Magos Brehm, N. Maxted, I. Thormann, T. Lupupa, M. E. Dulloo, and S. P. Kell. "A crop wild relative inventory for Southern Africa: a first step in linking conservation and use of valuable wild populations for enhancing food security." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262118000515.

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AbstractSuccessful conservation strategies require that taxa are prioritized because resources for planning and implementation are always limited. In this study, we created a partial checklist of crop wild relatives (CWR) that occur in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region and identified the taxa of highest priority for regional conservation planning based on their importance for food and economic security. We found that the region contains over 1900 wild relatives of species cultivated for food, beverages, ornamental, forage/fodder, forestry, medicinal, environmental and other uses. Prioritization of these species was based on two criteria: (i) the value of the related crop for human food and economic security in the region and/or globally, and (ii) the potential or known value of the wild relatives of those crops for crop improvement. The region contains 745 CWR species related to 64 human food and beverage crops that are of high socioeconomic importance and 100 of these are of immediate priority for conservation action. The results of this study show that the SADC region contains a wealth of CWR diversity that is not only of value for food and economic security within the region but also globally. Furthermore, this study represents the first step in developing a CWR conservation and sustainable use strategy for the region, where its implementation would contribute to food security and well-being.

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Astee, Lim Yinghui, and Nirmal T. Kishnani. "Building Integrated Agriculture: Utilising Rooftops for Sustainable Food Crop Cultivation in Singapore." Journal of Green Building 5, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.5.2.105.

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Burgeoning population and rapid urbanisation have contributed to two challenges facing cities today: food security and an increasing carbon footprint due to food imports. This paper examines the viability of rooftop farming in urban centres in Asia. A context-specific exploration—sited in Singapore—looks at the challenges of building integrated agriculture. Findings suggest that Singapore's public housing estates are suitable for rooftop farming. Implemented nationwide, such a scheme could result in a 700% increase in domestic vegetable production, satisfying domestic demand by 35.5%. Reducing food imports would also decrease Singapore's carbon footprint by 9,052 tonnes of emissions annually.

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Perier, Jermaine D., Muhammad Haseeb, Daniel Solís, Lambert H. B. Kanga, and Jesusa C. Legaspi. "Estimating the Cost of Production of Two Pentatomids and One Braconid for the Biocontrol of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Maize Fields in Florida." Insects 14, no. 2 (February 9, 2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14020169.

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The fall armyworm is a polyphagous lepidopteran pest that primarily feeds on valuable global crops like maize. Insecticides and transgenic crops have long been a primary option for fall armyworm control, despite growing concerns about transgenic crop resistance inheritance and the rate of insecticide resistance development. Global dissemination of the pest species has highlighted the need for more sustainable approaches to managing overwhelming populations both in their native range and newly introduced regions. As such, integrated pest management programs require more information on natural enemies of the species to make informed planning choices. In this study, we present a cost analysis of the production of three biocontrol agents of the fall armyworm over a year. This model is malleable and aimed towards small-scale growers who might benefit more from an augmentative release of natural enemies than a repetitive use of insecticides, especially since, though the benefits of using either are similar, the biological control option has a lower development cost and is more environmentally sustainable.

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Marinelli, María Victoria, Evangelina Beatriz Argüello Caro, Irene Petrosillo, Franca Giannini Kurina, Beatriz Liliana Giobellina, Carlos Marcelo Scavuzzo, and Donatella Valente. "Sustainable Food Supply by Peri-Urban Diversified Farms of the Agri-Food Region of Central Córdoba, Argentina." Land 12, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010101.

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Peri-urban vegetable cropping areas, such as horticultural farms, provide several ecosystem services, such as the provision of fresh food. However, food supply must be estimated on the basis of the current and potential demand of future populations, taking into account the landscape carrying capacity towards sustainable agricultural planning. From this perspective, the study aimed at estimating the resilience of the “Agri-food Region of Central Córdoba” (ARCC) and its role in supporting the provisioning of ecosystem services, such as proximal services, provided by the diversified agricultural landscape in the peri-urban area of Córdoba (Argentina). A direct field survey has been carried out to collect data on the main species and types of crops, the annual productivity, and the area covered by each species and type of horticultural crops. The data have been statistically elaborated to test the spatial and temporal variability of productivity as well as the spatial autocorrelation. In relation to crop diversification, a total of 30 vegetable species have been recorded in the diversified farms under study, with 15 species identified as the most frequent crops as on the basis of the area dedicated to each vegetable species sampled in the farms (in %). The productivity of 30 species has been integrated into a single value of “vegetable crop productivity mean” (kg/m2), proposed and measured in this study, which has been 3.46 kg/m2. It can be a useful monitoring indicator in diversified production contexts. The estimated food supply (ton/year) of vegetable crops for the 170 farmlands has been 72,881 ton/year. An accurate measurement of the biomass harvested on a given surface area can be useful to assign productivity data to the pixel of each land use/cover class, providing accurate input data for remotely sensed-based models supporting decision-making on food provision in peri-urban systems. In this sense, the paper proposes a methodological framework that can be useful worldwide when up-to-date official productivity data are not available, but they are a necessary basis for planning, decision-making, and the implementation of public policies. Thus, diversity in farming systems can combine high ecological and socio-economic benefits, in terms of ecosystem service provision and sustainable food production.

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Ahmad, Ali, Javier Ordoñez, Pedro Cartujo, and Vanesa Martos. "Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) in Agriculture: A Pursuit of Sustainability." Agronomy 11, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010007.

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The current COVID-19 global pandemic has amplified the pressure on the agriculture sector, inciting the need for sustainable agriculture more than ever. Thus, in this review, a sustainable perspective of the use of remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) or drone technology in the agriculture sector is discussed. Similarly, the types of cameras (multispectral, thermal, and visible), sensors, software, and platforms frequently deployed for ensuring precision agriculture for crop monitoring, disease detection, or even yield estimation are briefly discoursed. In this regard, vegetation indices (VIs) embrace an imperative prominence as they provide vital information for crop monitoring and decision-making, thus a summary of most commonly used VIs is also furnished and serves as a guide while planning to collect specific crop data. Furthermore, the establishment of significant applications of RPAs in livestock, forestry, crop monitoring, disease surveillance, irrigation, soil analysis, fertilization, crop harvest, weed management, mechanical pollination, crop insurance and tree plantation are cited in the light of currently available literature in this domain. RPA technology efficiency, cost and limitations are also considered based on the previous studies that may help to devise policies, technology adoption, investment, and research activities in this sphere.

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Radočaj, Dorijan, and Mladen Jurišić. "GIS-Based Cropland Suitability Prediction Using Machine Learning: A Novel Approach to Sustainable Agricultural Production." Agronomy 12, no. 9 (September 16, 2022): 2210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12092210.

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The increasing global demand for food has forced farmers to produce higher crop yields in order to keep up with population growth, while maintaining sustainable production for the environment. As knowledge about natural cropland suitability is mandatory to achieve this, the aim of this paper is to provide a review of methods for suitability prediction according to abiotic environmental criteria. The conventional method for calculating cropland suitability in previous studies was a geographic information system (GIS)-based multicriteria analysis, dominantly in combination with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Although this is a flexible and widely accepted method, it has significant fundamental drawbacks, such as a lack of accuracy assessment, high subjectivity, computational inefficiency, and an unsystematic approach to selecting environmental criteria. To improve these drawbacks, methods for determining cropland suitability based on machine learning have been developed in recent studies. These novel methods contribute to an important paradigm shift when determining cropland suitability, being objective, automated, computationally efficient, and viable for widespread global use due to the availability of open data sources on a global scale. Nevertheless, both approaches produce invaluable complimentary benefits to cropland management planning, with novel methods being more appropriate for major crops and conventional methods more appropriate for less frequent crops.

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Cevher, Celal, and Bulent Altunkaynak. "Socioeconomic Factors and Sustainable Forage Crops Production in Turkey Aegean Region: A Multivariate Modeling." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 8061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198061.

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of farmers’ socioeconomic characteristics on sustainable forage crop production after forage crop subsidies. One of the innovative aspects of the study is the simultaneous modeling of alfalfa, silage corn and vetch production efficiency. For this, the multivariate linear regression model was used. In this way, the effect of socioeconomic characteristics on production is more clearly demonstrated by taking into account the dependency structure between forage crop production. For the study, 487 farmers in the Aegean region, where fodder crops can be produced throughout the year, were interviewed face-to-face and data were collected through a questionnaire. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the width of the land had a positive effect on the increase in alfalfa, silage corn, and vetch production. The number of animals was found to have a positive effect on alfalfa and silage maize production growth. The production of alfalfa was higher in rural farmers, and vetch production was higher in urban farmers. Farmers who do not have non-agricultural income focused on vetch production, and farmers with non-agricultural income focused on alfalfa production. It was seen that the majority of the farmers participating in the study were primary school graduates and lived in rural areas. In general, a significant increase was observed in the production of silage corn, vetch, and alfalfa, respectively. After the subsidies, it was concluded that this increase in the production of silage corn, vetch, and alfalfa was not at a level to meet the amount of forage crops needed by animal husbandry.

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Bavorova, Miroslava, Elena V. Ponkina, Nizami Imamverdiyev, and Norbert Hirschauer. "Effect of adoption of sustainable crop production systems on farm economics." Environment, Development and Sustainability 22, no. 7 (November 19, 2019): 6961–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-019-00522-1.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sustainable Crop Planning'

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