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Gilani, Haris R., and John L. Innes. "The State of British Columbia’s Forests: A Global Comparison." Forests 11, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11030316.
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The Forest Resources Assessment 2015 is a comprehensive dataset from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), which provides the opportunity to explore some of the emerging topics related to sustainable forest management. This paper assesses how forests in British Columbia, Canada, compare globally on several key sustainable forest management parameters in four domains—biophysical indicators and legal framework, management plans, data management, and stakeholder involvement. The comparison was done against eight jurisdictions, namely Australia, China, Japan, the European Union, New Zealand, the Russian Federation and the USA. To accomplish our objectives, country-specific data on sustainable forest management parameters were extracted from the 2015 FAO’s Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA). Data specific to B.C. were sourced from Canada’s National Forest Inventory, and National Forest Database. Our results showed that British Columbia (B.C.) has one of the highest proportions of land covered with forests (57%) among all jurisdictions. The total forest area in B.C. has remained stable at around 55 million ha. The current rate of deforestation (6200 ha per year) is among the lowest in all jurisdictions. Data on the extent of primary forests in B.C. is unavailable. However, 22.6 million ha (41% of B.C.′s forests) have been classified as old growth forests (using a definition unique to B.C.). B.C. is the leading provincial forest producer by volume, and produced 67.97 million m3 of roundwood in 2015. With approximately 11 billion m3 of standing timber, roundwood production volume has held steady since 1990. In British Columbia, the National Forest Inventory—British Columbia Program (NFI-B.C.) is used to track and monitor the current status of the forests. It involves both ground plots and remote sensing. The most recent B.C. State of the Forests is one of the most comprehensive reports among all jurisdictions, using 24 topic areas, with each topic comprising several indicators of sustainable forest management. We conclude that British Columbia ranks high among other jurisdictions on several key sustainable forest management parameters with legislation and forest management regimes aiming to meet the environmental, social and economic needs of current and future generations.
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Hill, Stuart B., and Rod J. MacRae. "Developing sustainable agriculture education in Canada." Agriculture and Human Values 5, no. 4 (September 1988): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02217652.
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Karbasioun, Mostafa. "Sustainable Agriculture in Canada and Cuba: A Comparison." Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 16, no. 3 (September 2010): 335–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1389224x.2010.489773.
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Hiranandani, Vanmala. "Sustainable agriculture in Canada and Cuba: a comparison." Environment, Development and Sustainability 12, no. 5 (December 10, 2009): 763–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-009-9223-2.
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Kooten, G. C., and George Kennedy. "An Economic Perspective on Sustainable Agriculture in Western Canada." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 38, no. 4 (December 1990): 741–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1990.tb03509.x.
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Cheruku, Dr Jeevan Kumar, and Vishal Katekar. "HARNESSING DIGITAL AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN INDIA: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES." Administrative Development 'A Journal of HIPA, Shimla' 8, SI-1 (October 6, 2021): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53338/adhipa2021.v08.si01.13.
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Agriculture in India faces an unprecedented challenge. As a signatory to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), India must end hunger by 2030. Achievement of this goal hinges on finding viable solutions to make farming a sustainable source of income generation by adopting sustainable agricultural practices. A survey of the literature reveals that digital technologies offer promising results to farmers globally. However, India lags in the adoption of digital technologies in agriculture. The paper identifies opportunities in promoting the development and adoption of digital agriculture technologies. It analyses policy interventions of the Government of India, such as Digital Agriculture and Precision Agriculture, to make the agriculture sector more sustainable in terms of economic, environmental, and societal perspectives. This research paper discusses barriers to their adoption and provides policy suggestions. It is an analytical paper based on a survey of literature that is secondary sources such as books, research articles, and policy documents, reports published by various government and non-government organizations, online databases, and discussion papers. Thematic analysis was used to identify sustainable agriculture dimensions and discover opportunities and challenges in using digital agriculture technologies.
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Sari, Ike Purnama, and Salina Kassim. "The Role of Islamic Crowd-Investing for Sustainable Agriculture in Indonesia." Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi 10, no. 2 (July 23, 2021): 343–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v10i2.20060.
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This research was conducted to discover the relationship between Islamic crowd investing and agriculture by exploring and analyzing the Islamic crowd-investing platform, and to describe the importance and benefits of sustainable agriculture in Indonesia. Funding platforms for agriculture are still relatively small in Indonesia. However, the potential for this sector is still very high due to the large number of demands and a large market. A systematic literature review with a qualitative approach research method was used in this study, specifically to review the literature retrieved from computerized databases, manual search, and authoritative texts related to Islamic crowd-investing and sustainable agriculture. This study showed a strong relationship explaining that financial technology, such as Islamic crowd-investing, has an important role not only in terms of funding, but also in achieving sustainable agriculture, which will have an impact on the environment that may potentiate the agricultural sector itself.JEL Classification: O13, Q14How to Cite:Purnamasari, I., & Kassim, S. (2021). The Role of Islamic Crowd-Investing for Sustainable Agriculture in Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 10(2), 343-358. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v10i2.20060.
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MacRae, Rod J., Stuart B. Hill, John Henning, and Alison J. Bentley. "Policies, programs, and regulations to support the transition to sustainable agriculture in Canada." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 5, no. 2 (June 1990): 76–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300003325.
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AbstractThe development of political strategies in Canada to support the transition from conventional to sustainable agriculture has been limited by the absence of a comprehensive conceptual framework for identifying the most critical policies, programs, and regulations. In this paper, we propose a framework that uses an efficiency/substitution/redesign spectrum to categorize both sustainable fanning systems and government activities. The framework is then used to identify a diverse range of short, medium, and longterm strategies to be pursued by governments in Canada to support the transition. Strategies discussed include research, diffusion, and training; market development; and safety net programs and tax provisions. Finally, the implications and implementation of the redesign concept for food production, processing, and distribution are outlined.
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Caux, Pierre-Yves. "Short Communication – Canadian Water Quality Guidelines as Indicators of Sustainable Agriculture." Water Quality Research Journal 30, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 555–362. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1995.042.
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Abstract Environmental Quality Guidelines for environmental sustainability are often lacking in many management or environmental policies. These are clear measures or indicators of the quality of the system. In Canada, national soil, water, tissue and sediment guidelines are developed to protect and sustain specific uses of land and water and provide direct measures of sustainability which can be incorporated into an overall ecosystem management framework. This short communication focusses on the use of pesticide Water Quality Guidelines for agricultural sustainability, especially with regard to surface and ground water contamination. Furthermore, this address introduces the new Canadian protocols for deriving Water Quality Guidelines for Irrigation and for Livestock Watering.
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Mushi, Gilbert E., Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo, and Pierre-Yves Burgi. "Digital Technology and Services for Sustainable Agriculture in Tanzania: A Literature Review." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 20, 2022): 2415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042415.
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Digital technology has the potential to eradicate extreme poverty and food insecurity to the majority of smallholder farmers in the world. This paper aims to identify knowledge gaps on digital technology for sustainable agriculture and assess their availability to smallholder farmers worldwide. The particular case of Tanzania receives special attention. We conducted an extensive literature search from relevant databases for review. The advanced digital technology in agriculture, mostly used by large scale farmers, significantly contributes to sustainable agriculture. However, the existing digital services for smallholder farmers lack sustainability in the agriculture context and hardly meet the needs for a comprehensive set of services in a complete farming cycle. In most developing countries, Tanzania case included, digital technology and services respond to a challenge at a particular stage of the farming process or to a specific value chain. Based on this literature review, we identify inequalities among large and small farmers, as well as environmental challenges caused by ICT itself. To conclude we provide suggestions for improvements for smallholder farmers: developing a digital platform that addresses smallholder farmers’ challenges in a complete farming cycle, bringing together the stakeholders at a country level, in order to achieve sustainable agriculture and support adoption of cutting-edge digital technology. These suggestions will be the starting point for future research.
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Lee, Joan. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 8, No. 3." Sustainable Agriculture Research 8, no. 3 (July 31, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v8n3p73.
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Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/sar/editor/recruitment and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org.
Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 3
Anchal Dass, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), India
Baoubadi Atozou, Laval University, Canada
Darwin Pangaribuan, Lampung University, Indonesia
Entessar Mohammad Al JBawi, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria
Kassim Adekunle Akanni, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria
Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal
Maren Langhof, Julius Kühn-Institut, Germany
Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan
Nehemie Tchinda Donfagsiteli, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Cameroon
Stefano Marino, University of Molise, Italy
Tenaw Workayehu, Hawassa Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia
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Harvey, Bryan L., and Brad Fraleigh. "Impacts on Canadian agriculture of the Convention on Biological Diversity." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-005.
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Canada was among the first nations to sign and ratify the Convention on Biological Diversity. With strong support from the federal government, the Canadian delegation played a key role in its negotiation. The Convention has three major elements: (1) the conservation of biodiversity; (2) the sustainable use of biodiversity; and (3) the equitable sharing of benefits derived from the use of biodiversity. Canada has developed a draft strategy to meet our obligations as a signatory nation. This strategy was developed with input from various levels of government and from a wide range of individuals and organizations. The benefits to agriculture are increased resources for the conservation of biodiversity, which is vital to this industry, and continued access to germplasm. The costs are the funds necessary to conserve, an obligation to share knowledge and benefits from genetic resources and greater regulation of germplasm exchange. Key words: Biodiversity, conservation, germplasm, convention, genetic resources
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Vitunskienė, Vlada, and Lina Lauraitienė. "Measuring environmentally sustainable growth in agriculture across the EU countries based on Solow residual-based MFP." Socialiniai tyrimai 45, no. 2 (November 23, 2022): 26–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/soctyr.2022.45.2.2.
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Scientific publications on environmentally sustainable or green growth in agriculture are increasingly becoming more important but empirical research is scarce. In empirical studies, the most commonly accepted way to assess environmentally sustainable or green growth in agriculture is based on measures of total factor productivity (TFP) or multifactor productivity (MFP) growth. Both measures are important for analytical and monitoring tools that can help to better understand the factors affecting output growth as well as the determinants of changes in production factors (labour and produced capital) in agriculture. Growth of TFP or MFP is achieved through the application of technologies and advanced production practices that result in higher output from the same amount, or lower inputs (labour and produced capital).Conventional TFP and MFP are not suitable for the assessment of environmentally sustainable growth in agriculture because both indicators do not include environmental variables such as environmental pollution and natural capital. There is a lack of comparative empirical studies between EU countries. This study focuses on the problem of measuring environmentally sustainable growth in agriculture. The aim of this study is twofold: firstly, to develop a framework for the assessment of environmentally sustainable growth in agriculture, based on information collected in public databases; and secondly, to empirically analyse environmentally sustainable growth in agriculture in EU countries over the long period. The environmentally adjusted multifactor productivity (EAMFP) growth measure was applied to assess environmentally sustainable growth in agriculture of the EU’s countries. For analysis, the environmental pollution of agricultural production was expressed as net GHG emissions, and natural capital was expressed as the quality-adjusted agricultural land area.The research was conducted using literature overview, decomposition technique and cluster analysis method. The 28 EU countries (including the United Kingdom, which was a member of the EU until January 1, 2020) were included in the empirical analysis. The analysis covered the period between 2005 and 2019 and a five-year average annual change rates (2005-2009 and 2015-2019 respectively) were used to compare the environmentally sustainable growth in agriculture between the beginning and the end of the considered period, as is common in most agricultural growth studies.The findings show that pollution-adjusted GDP growth in agriculture was achieved in less than a five of the EU countries at the beginning of the considered period, and in most of the EU countries at the end of the considered period. In most of the EU countries, the environmentally sustainable growth in agriculture was mainly determined by technological progress, while the slow change in environmental pollution (net GHG emissions) did not have a significant contribution to agricultural growth in all EU countries. Following the hierarchical clustering method, three significantly different clusters of the EU countries were identified in terms of gross added value growth and technological progress in agriculture of EU countries in the context of environmentally sustainable growth.
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Parr, J. F., R. I. Papendick, S. B. Hornick, and R. E. Meyer. "Soil quality: Attributes and relationship to alternative and sustainable agriculture." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 7, no. 1-2 (June 1992): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300004367.
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AbstractDifferent chemical, physical, and biological properties of a soil interact in complex ways that determine its potential fitness or capacity to produce healthy and nutritious crops. The integration of these properties andine resulting level of productivity often is referred to as “soil quality.” Soil quality can be defined as an inherent attribute of a soil that is inferred from its specific characteristics and observations (e.g., compactability, erodibility, and fertility). The term also refers to the soil's structural integrity, which imparts resistance to erosion, and to the loss of plant nutrients and organic matter. Soil quality often is related to soil degradation, which can be defined as the time rate of change in soil quality.Soil quality should not be limited to soil productivity, but should encompass environmental quality, human and animal health, and food safety and quality. There is inadequate reliable information on how changes in soil quality directly affect food quality, or indirectly affect human and animal health. In characterizing soil quality, biological properties have received less emphasis than chemical and physical properties, because their effects are difficult to measure, predict, or quantify. Improved soil quality often is indicated by increased infiltration, aeration, macropores, aggregate size, aggregate stability, and soil organic matter, and by decreased bulk density, soil resistance, erosion, and nutrient runoff. These are useful, but future research should seek to identify and quantify reliable and meaningful biological/ecological indicators of soil quality, such as total species diversity or genetic diversity of beneficial soil microorganisms, insects, and animals.Because these biological/ecological indexes of soil quality are dynamic, they will require effective monitoring and assessment programs to develop appropriate databases for research and technology transfer. We need to know how such indexes are affected by management inputs, whether they can serve as early warning indicators of soil degradation, and how they relate to the sustainability of agricultural systems.
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Salazar, Osvaldo, Claudia Rojas, Cecilia Baginsky, Sofía Boza, Gabriela Lankin, Andrés Muñoz-Sáez, Jorge F. Pérez-Quezada, et al. "Challenges for agroecology development for the building of sustainable agri-food systems." International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 47, no. 3 (December 2020): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v47i3.2308.
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Environmental and social crises in agriculture have led to growing recognition that more ecologically sustainable and socially just food and agricultural systems are needed. This thematic number of the International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources gathers the papers submitted to the workshop “Challenges for agroecology development for the building of sustainable agri-food systems,” an OECD Co-operative Research Programme-sponsored conference. The aim of the workshop was to promote the transition from conventional agriculture towards agroecology as a science, practice and social movement through sharing the experiences of different OECD countries: Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the United States. The main topics discussed at the workshop included i) agroecology development in OECD countries: local experiences and international collaboration; ii) agroecology as a social movement and related public policies; iii) agroecology education to promote sustainable agri-food systems; and iv) science, innovation and technologies in agroecological systems. While not a comprehensive assessment of the state of agroecology in OECD countries, this thematic number integrates diverse perspectives on some main research and policy advances and uncovers some existing gaps in agroecology practice as an approach for transitioning towards ecologically sustainable and socially just agricultural systems
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Pathirana, Ranjith, and Francesco Carimi. "Management and Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources for a Sustainable Agriculture." Plants 11, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 2038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11152038.
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Despite the dramatic increase in food production thanks to the Green Revolution, hunger is increasing among human populations around the world, affecting one in nine people. The negative environmental and social consequences of industrial monocrop agriculture is becoming evident, particularly in the contexts of greenhouse gas emissions and the increased frequency and impact of zoonotic disease emergence, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Human activity has altered 70–75% of the ice-free Earth’s surface, squeezing nature and wildlife into a corner. To prevent, halt, and reverse the degradation of ecosystems worldwide, the UN has launched a Decade of Ecosystem Restoration. In this context, this review describes the origin and diversity of cultivated species, the impact of modern agriculture and other human activities on plant genetic resources, and approaches to conserve and use them to increase food diversity and production with specific examples of the use of crop wild relatives for breeding climate-resilient cultivars that require less chemical and mechanical input. The need to better coordinate in situ conservation efforts with increased funding has been highlighted. We emphasise the need to strengthen the genebank infrastructure, enabling the use of modern biotechnological tools to help in genotyping and characterising accessions plus advanced ex situ conservation methods, identifying gaps in collections, developing core collections, and linking data with international databases. Crop and variety diversification and minimising tillage and other field practices through the development and introduction of herbaceous perennial crops is proposed as an alternative regenerative food system for higher carbon sequestration, sustaining economic benefits for growers, whilst also providing social and environmental benefits.
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Laforge, Julia, Ayla Fenton, Virginie Lavalée-Picard, and Stéphane McLachlan. "New farmers and food policies in Canada." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 128–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v5i3.288.
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As the demographics of farmers are shifting, the ways agricultural and food policies affect and influence the decision-making and behaviours of new farmers is also changing. At the same time, there is growing interest in contesting and rebuilding Canadian food systems to address environmental and social injustices. Many new farmers are interested in agro-ecological approaches to agriculture, including both ecological practices and community-based economies. This paper examined the findings of a national survey of 1,326 new farmers, to explore challenges and opportunities in the Canadian food and farming system, as well as the municipal, provincial, and federal policies that they recommended. We also examined which programs are serving new farmers best, and how these successes could be translated elsewhere. We found that an increasing number of new farmers are coming from non-farming backgrounds and are women, potentially challenging the status quo. In particular, respondents reported facing difficulties in accessing agricultural knowledge, and that available institutional resources may not be appropriate to new types of ecological farming practices. The most significant barriers concerned affordable land and financing their developing farms. Nevertheless, these new farmers are finding diverse ways to develop their livelihoods, potentially transforming Canadian agriculture. A national food policy that works with local and regional partners and that recognizes the changing realities of new farmers is a necessary first step in helping build a sustainable, healthy, just, and resilient food system in Canada.
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MAXEY, LARCH. "Can we sustain sustainable agriculture? Learning from small-scale producer-suppliers in Canada and the UK." Geographical Journal 172, no. 3 (September 2006): 230–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4959.2006.00211.x.
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Macrae, R. J., J. Henning, and S. B. Hill. "Strategies to overcome barriers to the development of sustainable agriculture in Canada: The role of agribusiness." Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 6, no. 1 (March 1993): 21–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01965613.
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Lynch, D. "Environmental impacts of organic agriculture: A Canadian perspective." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 89, no. 4 (July 1, 2009): 621–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps08165.
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Canada, in 2009, will enact a regulatory regime to oversee certified organic agricultural productions systems, based on a management standard. The overreaching goal of that standard is to develop farm enterprises that are “sustainable and harmonious with the environment”. However, empirical evidence to shed light on claims of environmental benefits from organic agriculture is particularly scarce in Canada and North America generally, and has not been comprehensively summarized. This review examines the literature of Canadian and US studies which relate to environmental impacts of organic agriculture within the selected indicators of: (i) soil organic matter storage and soil quality/soil health; (ii) plant and wildlife biodiversity; (iii) energy use; (iv) nutrient loading and off-farm nutrient losses; and (v) climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. The empirical evidence presented suggests organic farming system attributes regarding cropping, floral, and habitat diversity, nutrient intensity, soil management, energy and pesticide use, etc., are sufficiently distinct as to impart potentially important environmental benefits across the indicator categories examined. However, on average, crop yields under organic management regimes continue to lag behind those obtained by conventional management systems. More research is needed to validate these results, for the benefit of producers, consumers and policy makers as they decide the relative importance and contribution of organic farming systems to the Canadian food marketplace and agrifood sector. Key words: Organic agriculture, farming system, soil, biodiversity, energy, greenhouse gases
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Rivers, Ray. "The price of sprawl in Ontario, Canada." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 424-426 (June 1, 2004): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471424-426222.
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The author is an environmental economist who provides consulting services to a wide range of clients from private industry, environmental interest groups and the federal and provincial governments. He has worked with the federal departments of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries and Oceans and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment; lectured at Concordia, the University of Ottawa and Wilfred Laurier University in Public Administration and Sustainable Development; and written widely on a range of environmental topics. Ray Rivers was the Canadian co-author of the Land Use sections in the 1996/1998 State of the Lake Ecosystem Conferences. The text that follows is an edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on "The Natural City," Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.
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Sheppard, M. I., S. C. Sheppard, and C. A. Grant. "Solid/liquid partition coefficients to model trace element critical loads for agricultural soils in Canada." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 87, Special Issue (March 1, 2007): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s06-061.
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Canadian consumers are demanding a sustainable agricultural industry as well as products delivered under Best Management Practices (BMPs). Trace element accumulation in soils may influence crop productivity, food quality and ecosystem and human health. Canada’s feed and foodstuff export industry has already faced cases of penalties for high trace element content [cadmium (Cd) in durum wheat]. Thus, it is imperative to be able to estimate the accumulation and potential short- and long-term impacts of trace elements in soil. A national-level Trace Element Indicator (TEI) based on present loadings of trace elements to agricultural land is in progress. An Expert Panel including Canadian, American and Australian experts guided the assembly of a proposed methodology for this TEI. The proposed TEI, described briefly here, is a critical load approach with a single expression of the risk of impact from single or multiple trace elements from multiple sources (manures, biosolids, effluents and fertilizers and natural processes), invoked in a stochastic manner. Two key data requirements are the current background levels of trace elements in soil, and the leachability of these trace elements. A survey of total and soluble concentrations of 54 elements in up to 112 soils was completed. Although preliminary in scope, these represent key soil series in Canada. From this, a database of the solid/liquid partition coefficient, Kd, was computed. These Kd values will be used to characterize the leachability of the trace elements. Key words: Cadmium, copper, zinc, lead, nickel, uranium, metals, Kd, distribution coefficient
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MacRae, Rod. "Do trade agreements substantially limit development of local / sustainable food systems in Canada?" Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 1, no. 1 (May 15, 2014): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v1i1.25.
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<p>A common view in policy and business circles is that certain elements of trade agreements (General Agreement on Tariff and Trade rules, the World Trade Organization Agreement on Agriculture, and the North American Free Trade Agreement) and the Canadian Agreement on Internal Trade significantly limit the policy and program instruments available to support the development of local/sustainable food systems. This exploratory textual analysis of select trade articles, filtered through a local/sustainable lens, suggests that Canadian governments can put in place more substantial policy and program drivers without triggering trade disputes. Of particular note is that local/sustainable foods may not be considered equivalent to imported conventional ones, and therefore many provisions of the trade agreements may not be applicable. Equally important, the rules do permit certain kinds of support, there are numerous exemptions and thresholds for application of measures, and many current actors in local/sustainable implementation may not be subject to the agreements. Based on this textual analysis, pertinent instrument design features are proposed that would allow governments and other parties to support local/sustainable food systems without triggering trade disputes.</p><p> </p><p>You are invited to respond to this article by sending an email to <a href="mailto:editor@canadianfoodstudies.ca">editor@canadianfoodstudies.ca</a>. Find this article and a continuously updated dialogue of responses by visiting the article’s dedicated <a title="Food Systems Transistion Stream v1i1.25" href="/index.php/cfs/pages/view/v1i1.25">web page</a>.</p>
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Salas-Navarro, Katherinne, Paula Serrano-Pájaro, Holman Ospina-Mateus, and Ronald Zamora-Musa. "Inventory Models in a Sustainable Supply Chain: A Bibliometric Analysis." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 15, 2022): 6003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106003.
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This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of inventory models in a sustainable supply chain. The methodology contains reviewing previous research with a performance evaluation, network analysis, and science mapping to identify the applications, trends, and future research topics. Scientific mapping examines the periods and volumes of publications, authors, journals, countries, regions, organizations, subject areas, and citation analyses. The dataset was obtained with the Scopus database and analyzed using MS Excel and VOSviewer. The search equation identified 335 research papers, which resulted in 131 significant manuscripts on the subject after being screened and filtered. The most notable countries in developing research were Iran, India, China, the United States, Canada, Taiwan, France, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, and Denmark. Saha, S., Ajay, S.Y., and Baboli, A. were the most cited authors. The journals that publish the most research were Sustainability, the Journal of Cleaner Production, and the International Journal of Production Economics. Some research focuses on reducing carbon emissions and polluting agents applied in different industries in China, Brazil, India, and others. The main findings were the number of industry sectors researching this topic, increasing the number of publications, and promoting the proper use of resources within a sustainable supply chain. There are many investigations of theoretical models that have applications in real-life cases. There is also evidence of the high importance of promoting sustainable development. The emissions regulations in a green supply chain applied to agricultural products have allowed for more actions to achieve responsible production and consumption, as seen in applied research in the pulp and paper industry.
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Hernandez, Kimberley, Rachel Engler-Stringer, Sara Kirk, Hannah Wittman, and Sasha McNicholl. "The case for a Canadian national school food program." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 208–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v5i3.260.
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Canada is one of the only member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) without a national school food program. Good nutrition impacts children’s health, wellbeing, and learning; and school food environments offer an important setting to promote health and other food system sustainability behaviours that can last a lifetime. We present an overview of national and international evidence, with a focus on promising practices that support the establishment of a national school food program in Canada. School food programs have been shown to benefit health and dietary behaviour and critical food literacy skills (learning, culture, and social norms) that support local agriculture and promote sustainable food systems. Finally, we make recommendations for key elements that should be included in a national school food program for Canada.
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Savidov, N. A., E. Hutchings, and J. E. Rakocy. "FISH AND PLANT PRODUCTION IN A RECIRCULATING AQUAPONIC SYSTEM: A NEW APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN CANADA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 742 (April 2007): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2007.742.28.
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Fedosov, A. Yu, and A. M. Menshikh. "Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture to Optimize Irrigation." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 16, no. 4 (December 13, 2022): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2022-16-4-45-53.
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Abstract. The relevance of artificial intelligence in agriculture is substantiated for irrigation optimization. (Research purpose) To report on the progress made over the past few years in the application of artificial intelligence to optimize crop irrigation. (Materials and methods) The review focuses on the most salient facts and important scientific information on the application of artificial intelligence in crop production. The review is based on Various databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, SciFinder, Web of Science, RSCI) and online sources (Research Gate, Springer Nature Open Access, Wiley Online Library). It is shown how the integration of machine learning models can provide intelligent irrigation management. The review reports on the research trends and applicability of machine learning methods, as well as the deployment of developed machine learning models for sustainable irrigation management. (Results and discussion) Mobile and web platforms are shown to be able to facilitate intelligent irrigation management. Machine learning proves to be one of the central areas of artificial intelligence helping researchers to work more creatively and efficiently. The review notes the problems of introducing artificial intelligence in crop production and specifies the future research areas in the machine learning implementation and digital farming solutions. (Conclusions) The relevance of the intelligent system in irrigation and water management is proved for sustainable agriculture. It is revealed that, despite the extensive literature available, machine learning modeling for crop irrigation management is still in its infancy. The countries leading in this area are China, the United States and Australia.
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Garcia, Jorge Andres, and Angelos Alamanos. "Integrated Modelling Approaches for Sustainable Agri-Economic Growth and Environmental Improvement: Examples from Greece, Canada and Ireland." Land 11, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091548.
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Complex agricultural problems concern many countries, as a result of competing economic and environmental objectives. In this work we model three common agricultural problems through optimization techniques: a water-scarce area with overexploited surface and groundwater resources due to over-pumping for irrigation (Greece); an area facing water quality deterioration caused by agriculture (Canada); and an intensified animal farming area facing environmental degradation and increased greenhouse gases emissions (Ireland). Multiple goals are considered to optimize farmers’ welfare and environmental sustainability. The proposed approaches are new applications for each case-study, providing useful insights for most countries facing similar problems.
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O'Donovan, John T. "Computerised decision support systems: Aids to rational and sustainable weed management." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps96-002.
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Computerised decision support systems offer an ideal means of achieving economical, environmentally safe, and sustainable weed management. Systems based on weed economic threshold concepts have been developed in the United States and Europe. In several of these, weed density is the sole variable used for estimating crop yield losses due to weeds. In Canada, there have been few attempts to develop computerised decision support systems to facilitate rational weed management. A notable exception is a microcomputer program developed by the Manitoba Department of Agriculture for assessing the economics of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) control in cereal and oilseed crops. A relative time of emergence variable is a crucial component of the program There is a need to develop a more comprehensive system for managing multiple weed species in a range of crops grown in Canada. For reliable recommendations to be made, input requirements for the system should include information on the relative time of emergence of the crop and weed, crop density, environmental factors and method of fertilizer application, as well as weed density. In terms of output, the system should indicate realistic weed monitoring procedures, and the long-term bioeconomic implications of seed production by uncontrolled weeds. Key words: Bioeconomic models, weed economic thresholds, decision support systems, rational weed management
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Dobele, Madara, and Andra Zvirbule. "The Concept of Urban Agriculture – Historical Development and Tendencies." Rural Sustainability Research 43, no. 338 (August 1, 2020): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plua-2020-0003.
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AbstractThe change in the concept of urban agriculture has been driven by social, political and economic factors, changing the role of agriculture in the urban environment. From the second half of 20th century topicality and practices of urban agriculture are growing widely not only in social initiatives but also in scientific research (the number of articles in scientific databases has increased 18-30 times since 2000). Growing interest has identified various variations and tendencies in the interpretation of the concept of urban agriculture, having regard to the current United Nations definition that is broad, but in research works and case studies researchers adapt the definitions to the local characteristics and aim of the study, thus creating a number of risks in the interpretation of the concept, including limited possibilities for quantitative comparisons between studies. The aim of the article is to identify the historical development stages of the concept of urban agriculture and to determine the main research tendencies in its application. To achieve this aim, the method of monographic and descriptive analysis was used for theoretical discussion, analysis, synthesis and deduction - for information gathering, logical systematization and classification. As a result of the study, it was identified that the concept of urban agriculture is developed in three different stages - originally associated with the technical solutions of urban planning for providing food for city dwellers, it is currently developing in tendencies of different directions: analysis of agriculture’s role in urban areas (including mitigating climate change risks), classification of types of urban agriculture, opportunities for adapting innovations and technological solutions to urban agriculture, the place and context of urban agriculture for sustainable development in the circumstances of urbanization. Such in-depth research of the experience and impact of urban agriculture on sustainable development could increase dynamically due to environmental considerations, aspect of the circular economy, and new paradigms in planning urban and peri-urban areas.
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Bolinder, M. A., R. R. Simard, S. Beauchemin, and K. B. MacDonald. "Indicator of risk of water contamination by P for Soil Landscape of Canada polygons." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 80, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s99-040.
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The indicator of risk of water contamination (IROWC) is a component of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agri-Environmental Indicator project. The IROWC measures progress in reducing the risk of water contamination from agricultural activities, focusing on N and P. The objective of this study was to propose a methodology for an IROWC-P applicable at the Soil Landscape of Canada (SLC) polygon level (1:1 000 000 map scale) using an indexing approach. The sources of data included Census of Agriculture, SLC and soil survey databases and provincial soil test data. The IROWC-P considers the following site characteristics: soil erosion and potential for overland flow, annual P balance (crop residues, manure and inorganic fertilizer), soil test P (STP) and degree of soil P saturation (DSPS). IROWC-P classifies polygons for their potential risk of P transfer to surface waters according to five vulnerability classes (i.e., very low, low, medium, high and very high). The methodology was tested on a pilot basis for selected SLC polygons in the province of Quebec using 1981 and 1991 census data. Preliminary results indicated that the proposed methodology showed some sensitivity to changes in agricultural practices between 1981 and 1991 and reflected differences in risk of P contamination from areas of intensive compared to areas of extensive agriculture. The difference between the selected areas was mainly attributed to the STP, DSPS, manure and inorganic fertilizer P polygon characteristics. The temporal variations in the IROWC-P ratings were attributed mainly to the manure and inorganic fertilizer P polygon characteristics. Key words: Degree of soil P saturation, soil P index, environmental risk, soil test P
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Pchelkina, D. S., N. N. Pimenova, and A. A. Shpak. "ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING EXPERIENCE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MODELS OF ORGANIZATION AND SUSTAINABLE FUNCTIONING OF AGRICULTURE BASED ON TRADITIONAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE CIRCUMPOLAR ARCTIC TERRITORY." Northern Archives and Expeditions 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31806/2542-1158-2022-6-3-171-184.
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The article considers the existing experience in the implementation of models of organization and sustainable functioning of agriculture based on traditional economic activities. The analysis is based on the practices of organizing agriculture among the indigenous peoples of the North, both in Russia and in other subarctic countries. In the course of the analysis of domestic experience, the practices of the Soviet period are considered. At this time, for such a form of traditional agriculture as reindeer herding, a form of reindeer herding collective farms and state farms was created. The form of organization of hunting for the purpose of producing furs (fur resources) and meat products (game and meat resources) — hunting enterprises and fur farms (cage fur farming), as well as procurement offices (raw material collection points), which also acted as forms for other species traditional economic activities — fishing, collecting and harvesting wild plants. The article also considers the experience of organizing and functioning of agriculture based on indigenous crafts in the USA, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland.
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Masuda, Kristie. "Attitudes Towards Environmental and Agronomic Benefits of Pulses Among Canadian University Students." Journal of Agricultural Studies 5, no. 4 (September 28, 2018): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v6i3.13710.
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An increase in the production and consumption of pulse crops has the potential to improve soil health, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and mitigate climate change. University students in Canada were surveyed to reveal attitudes and opinions towards the environmental and agronomic benefits of pulse production and consumption in an attempt to determine motivations towards pulse consumption. Results indicated that participants would be more likely to consume pulses because they reduce greenhouse gases (67%), improve soil health and reduce the need for fertilisers (71%), and contribute to sustainable agriculture (71%).
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Verasoundarapandian, Gayathiri, Zheng Syuen Lim, Syahirah Batrisyia Mohamed Radziff, Siti Hajar Taufik, Nurul Aini Puasa, Noor Azmi Shaharuddin, Faradina Merican, Chiew-Yen Wong, Japareng Lalung, and Siti Aqlima Ahmad. "Remediation of Pesticides by Microalgae as Feasible Approach in Agriculture: Bibliometric Strategies." Agronomy 12, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010117.
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Pesticide treatment dramatically reduces crop loss and enhances agricultural productivity, promoting global food security and economic growth. However, owing to high accrual and persistent tendency, pesticides could create significant ecological consequences when used often. Lately, the perspective has transitioned to implementing biological material, environmentally sustainable, and economical strategies via bioremediation approaches to eradicate pesticides contaminations. Microalgae were regarded as a prominent option for the detoxification of such hazardous contaminants. Sustainable application and remediation strategies of pesticides pollutants in the agriculture system by microalgae from the past studies, and recent advancements were integrated into this review. Bibliometric strategies to enhance the research advancements in pesticide bioremediation by microalgae between 2010 and 2020 were implemented through critical comparative analysis of documents from Scopus and PubMed databases. As a result, this study identified a growing annual research trend from 1994 to 2020 (nScopus > nPubMed). Global production of pesticide remediation by microalgae demonstrated significant contributions from India (23.8%) and China (16.7%). The author’s keyword clustering was visualized using bibliometric software (VOSviewer), which revealed the strongest network formed by “microalgae”, “bioremediation”, “biodegradation”, “cyanobacteria”, “wastewater”, and “pesticide” as significant to the research topic. Hence, this bibliometric review will facilitate the future roadmap for many scholars and authors who were drawing attention to the burgeoning research on bioremediation of pesticides to counteract environmental impacts while maintaining food sustainability.
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Kismányoki, T. "Importance and necessity of long-term field experiments." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 58, Supplement 1 (September 1, 2010): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.58.2010.suppl.1.2.
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The importance and necessity of long-term field experiments lie in the fact that long-term effects can only be studied reliably over several decades. The agronomic advances made in recent decades, based on chemicals and genetic gains, can be measured using long-term data, which will also be important in the future. Nutrient balances can be estimated reliably from the results of these experiments. The effect of climate change can be estimated by comparing long-term data from different locations. Long-term databases also form the background for computer models, designed to promote the sustainable development of agriculture and the environment.
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Sannigrahi, Nandadulal. "Exploration of ITK with the self help group-a cost effective technique to develop digital databases for sustainable agriculture." IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 3, no. 4 (2013): 07–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2380-0340715.
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Wei, Jianing, Jixiao Cui, Yinan Xu, Jinna Li, Xinyu Lei, Wangsheng Gao, and Yuanquan Chen. "Social Life Cycle Assessment of Major Staple Grain Crops in China." Agriculture 12, no. 4 (April 9, 2022): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12040535.
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The agricultural sustainable development for human well-being considers food security and ecological health as well as people’s socio-economic conditions. Nowadays, most of the holistic assessments of agricultural sustainability, mainly focus on food production and ecological consequences, relatively lacking analysis from the socio-economic perspective. In this context, this study constructs an agricultural social life cycle assessment model based on the guidelines of UNEP to assess the social and economic impacts on the three major staple grain crops in China, including maize, rice and wheat. The assessment model aims to analyze effects of stakeholders containing farmer, agricultural value chain actors, consumer, rural areas, society, and impact categories including high-quality growth of agriculture, a comfortable life in rural areas, the prosperity of rural people. The data is mainly from national statistical databases and representative industry databases. The impact assessment adopts social risk and social impact as quantitative characterization methods, and Analytical Hierarchical Process to obtain weights. The results show that: among the three major grain crops, farmers are the most important factors for stakeholders, and agricultural industrial development has the greatest potential negative impacts on society; maize has the most positive impacts on agricultural sustainable development in China.
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Litskas, Vassilis, Athanasia Mandoulaki, Ioannis N. Vogiatzakis, Nikolaos Tzortzakis, and Menelaos Stavrinides. "Sustainable Viticulture: First Determination of the Environmental Footprint of Grapes." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 8812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218812.
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We present for the first time the environmental footprint (EF) of grapes following the methodology proposed by the EU and life cycle assessment (LCA). We used data from three different production systems, conventional high- or low-input and organic from vineyards on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The life cycle inventory (LCI) data were retrieved from the recently released AGRIBALYSE database, and the EF was determined with the Open LCA software. The system boundary was from “cradle to winery door” and the functional unit was 1 ton of grapes delivered to the winery. Organic grape production had the lowest values for most of the 16 EF impact categories. Machinery, fuel, and sulfur production and use were identified as EF hotspots for organic grapes. Fertilizer production and use were identified as EF hotspots for high-input grape production. The EF impact category values for low-input grapes showed similarities with organic production. Future research needs to enrich the LCI databases with data more applicable to the methods and inputs applied in Mediterranean agriculture.
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Conteratto, Caroline, Gabrielli Do Carmo Martinelli, and Letícia De Oliveira. "SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR, AGRICULTURA INTELIGENTE E SUSTENTABILIDADE: O ESTADO DA ARTE NO CAMPO CIENTÍFICO." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 11, no. 2 (July 20, 2020): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2020v11i2p33-43.
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Issues of food supply, agriculture and sustainability are emerging issues in science at the global level. The present study sought to analyze the scientific production by means of a survey of data that occurred from the research in the databases of Web of Science and Scopus, which allowed a textual search using the terms: Topic: (food security) AND Topic: (smart farming) AND Topic: (sust *). A total of 28 articles were selected to analyze the literature on food security as well as the contributions of intelligent agriculture and sustainability. From the selection of the articles we tried to make a quantitative analysis offered by the mentioned documents. Studies have generally been concerned about environmental impacts, ie environmental degradation, through increased greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, degradation of hydrographic resources and soil. Above all, these studies seek to establish strategies to mitigate these impacts, in order to contribute to the reduction of these environmental consequences and to provide an improvement in the food supply, from the intelligent agriculture to the development of sustainable practices and systems
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Pomar and M. Marcoux, C. "Comparing the Canadian pork lean yields and grading indexes predicted from grading methods based on Destron and Hennessy probe measurements." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 83, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a02-107.
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In Canada, actual grading methods based on Destron (DPG) and Hennessy (HGP) probe measurements were approved in 1994. This study was undertaken to verify if both grading methods predict similar lean yields and grading indexes in actual pork carcasses. Data from the following four databases were used, and included hot carcass weight, and backfat and muscle depths as measured by both probes: 1281 carcasses from the 1992 National Cutout, 495 and 76 carcasses from 1997 and 1998 Fédération des Producteurs de Porc du Québec studies respectively, and 266 from a 1999 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada study. Probes were inserted alternatively at the Canadian grading site. Grading indexes were assigned from a 1999 official grid. For the four studied databases, the HGP-DPG lean yields were different from zero (P < 0.0001) with values of 0.33, 0.35, 0.36 and 0.18%, chronologically. The HGP-DPG grading indexes were also different from zero with values of 0.51 (P < 0.0001), 0.36 (P < 0.0001) and 0.50 (P < 0.0001), 0.21 (P < 0.09), respectively. The slope between lean yields and indexes were different from one, indicating that the underestimation of lean yields and indexes by the DPG method increased with carcass leanness. Key words: Pork, Hennessy, Destron, probes, lean yield, prediction
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Zurqani, Hamdi A., Elena A. Mikhailova, Christopher J. Post, Mark A. Schlautman, and Azzeddin R. Elhawej. "A Review of Libyan Soil Databases for Use within an Ecosystem Services Framework." Land 8, no. 5 (May 18, 2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8050082.
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Ecosystem services (ESs) are increasingly being used by many countries around the world as a framework for addressing the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This review article of the usability of Libyan soil databases for ESs and SDGs is the first of its kind for North Africa. The objectives of the article are to: describe the available soil resources of Libya in relation to an ES framework; provide examples of the usability of Libyan soil databases for ES applications (e.g., provisioning, Healthy Eating Plate), and describe some of the typical disservices in the country. Desertification, salinization, and limited freshwater resources are the largest challenges (disservices) for agriculture and future development in Libya. Seawater intrusion in coastal areas due to rising sea levels has resulted in high concentrations of salts in irrigation waters, which can lead to low soil productivity. These challenges can be addressed by integrating Libyan soil resources into a market that transforms resources into goods and services to meet human demand in a sustainable manner, with non-market institutions mediating the interactions between humans and the environment. If Libyan soil resources are taken into account by both market and non-market institutions, it will lead to more efficient use of soil resources and also should enable the implementation of innovative strategies, such as integrated farming systems, non-soil-based agricultural production (e.g., hydroponics), and alternative farming practices.
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Sarkar, Sara F., Jacquelyne S. Poon, Etienne Lepage, Lori Bilecki, and Benoit Girard. "Enabling a sustainable and prosperous future through science and innovation in the bioeconomy at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada." New Biotechnology 40 (January 2018): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2017.04.001.
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Mansuy, Nicolas, Hyejin Hwang, Ritikaa Gupta, Christa Mooney, Barbara Kishchuk, and Eric Higgs. "Forest Landscape Restoration Legislation and Policy: A Canadian Perspective." Land 11, no. 10 (October 9, 2022): 1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101747.
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Restoring degraded ecosystems is an urgent policy priority to regain ecological integrity, advance sustainable land use management, and mitigate climate change. This study examined current legislation and policies supporting forest landscape restoration (FLR) in Canada to assess its capacity to advance restoration planning and efforts. First, a literature review was performed to assess the policy dimension of FLR globally and across Canada. Then, a Canada-wide policy scan using national databases was conducted. While published research on ecological restoration has increased exponentially in Canada and globally since the early 1990s, our results showed that the policy dimensions of FLR remain largely under documented in the scientific literature, despite their key role in implementing effective restoration measures on the ground. Our analyses have identified over 200 policy instruments and show that Canada has developed science-based FLR policies and best practices driven by five main types of land use and extraction activities: (1) mining and oil and gas activities; (2) sustainable forest management; (3) environmental impact assessment; (4) protected areas and parks; and (5) protection and conservation of species at risk. Moreover, FLR policies have been recently added to the national climate change mitigation agenda as part of the nature-based solutions and the net-zero emission strategy. Although a pioneer in restoration, we argue that Canada can take a more targeted and proactive approach in advancing its restoration agenda in order to cope with a changing climate and increased societal demands for ecosystem services and Indigenous rights. Considering the multifunctional values of the landscape, the science–policy interface is critical to transform policy aspirations into realizable and quantifiable targets in conjunction with other land-use objectives and values.
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Patterson, Dian L. "Is there a lifeguard at the genepool?" Canadian Journal of Animal Science 80, no. 2 (June 1, 2000): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a99-097.
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Modern agricultural practices have led to a decline in our farm animal genetic resources. Changes in the environment or society demands for more ecologically sustainable production systems may require breeds other than those in common use today. Although definitions of levels of concern differ, Canada has a number of endangered breeds which are of cultural and historical interest and which may be useful in future niche markets. Canada has formally ratified the international convention on biological diversity, but funding cuts have jeopardised national programs. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations has the mandate to establish an international program for conserving domestic animal diversity and its sustainable use. A major initiative has been the establishment of a data base and training information available through the World Wide Web. New technologies such as microsatellite markers and mathematical modelling offer promise for integration with more traditional live animal conservation methods and are now being incorporated into conservation schemes in a number of countries. Canadian groups involved in livestock and poultry genetic resource conservation must continue to interact to ensure a coordinated approach. Key words: Biodiversity, breed conservation, animal genetic resources
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Tulokhonov, Arnold, Don Suochen, Endon Garmaev, Victor Plyusnin, Igor Vladimirov, Alexandr Batuev, Boris Voronov, and Andrey Beshentsev. "Atlas of Sustainable Development of North Asia in the context of the project “One Belt, One Road”." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 1 (2020): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-1-26-352-360.
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The article presents the project of creating the Atlas of Sustainable Development of North Asia as a fundamental cartographic work that provides integrated mapping of the territory to increase the efficiency of socio-economic development processes and the region’s competitiveness in the global economic system. The main geopolitical aspect of the Atlas is a reflection of the China’s “One Belt, One Road” initiative. A system of territorial-administrative levels and a large-scale series for mapping the natural, social and economic processes of the studied territory, including state, administrative, municipal and local spatial levels, have been developed. The technological basis of the Atlas is the problem-oriented GIS of sustainable development of North Asia. The spatial base of the GIS is the topographic base on a scale of 1 : 1 000 000, created on the basis of digital and analog materials of Roscartography, cartographic services of Mongolia and China. The thematic basis of GIS and Atlas maps is the vector layer “territorial-administrative division of North Asia”. The informational basis of GIS is the Bank of socio-economic data, which includes databases on economics, demography and agriculture. Databases are formed on the basis of state statistics of the three countries according to the developed system of unified indicators of natural, social and economic dynamics. The GIS telecommunication module is a cartographic service on the open “Geonode” platform, through which access to GIS materials is organized. The structure of the Atlas is proposed from 7 blocks — introductory and 6 thematic: the natural conditions of sustainable development; resource factors of sustainable development; socio-economic factors of sustainable development; environmental transformation; medical and environmental situation; environmental protection.
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Miroshnichenko, Nadezhda, and Vladimir Maksimov. "PRICING IN THE SYSTEM OF STATE SUPPORT MEASURES FOR THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX." Research of Economic and Financial Problems, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31279/2782-6414-2022-2-5-1-9.
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Introduction. A system of measures to support both agriculture and the agro-industrial complex of the country as a whole, on the part of the state, in particular, financial measures that make up its pricing policy in this area of regulation. The paper studies pricing features in the system of the agro-industrial sector of the national economy and proposes its fundamental principles for their further use in the development of the state agro-industrial pricing policy. Methodology. The article uses a literature review of the forms and measures of state support for domestic agriculture and the agro-industrial complex of the country as a whole. The authors relied on works published in peer-reviewed domestic publications, the selection of sources was carried out in scientometric databases using search queries containing synonymous constructions. Results. Scientific substantiation and formulation of the system of fundamental principles of pricing organization in the field of agriculture and the entire national agro-industrial complex. Conclusions. The identification of a group of basic principles in the field of justifying prices for agricultural products will ensure the systematic and scientific validity of the development of state programs of financial support for the sustainable development of agriculture as the core of the domestic agro-industrial complex.
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Gavrilova, N., and S. Kostelyanets. "Food security in East Africa." Pathways to Peace and Security, no. 2 (2022): 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2307-1494-2022-2-82-98.
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The article discusses the current state and dynamics of food security in East Africa. This region stands out in Africa not only as the most populous, but also as the fastest developing one, mostly due to its advanced economic growth and infrastructure construction in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. East African countries are particularly vulnerable to disruptions in food supplies from Russia and Ukraine. To assess food security in the region, the authors apply two methods designed by the World Bank and by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). These methods focus, correspondingly, on per capita incomes and malnutrition indicators. The authors further examine the impact of the Millennium Development Goals and the Sustainable Development Goals on food security in East Africa, investigate the main causes of food insecurity, and put forward policy recommendations for enhancing regional food security. Although achieving sustainable food security in East Africa appears unrealistic in the foreseeable future, intensification and digitalization of agriculture are critical to enhance food self-sufficiency of the region. The primary data sources for the article include FAO’s 2015–2021 surveys on food security and nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa and statistical databases by FAO and the International Trade Center.
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Milán-García, Juan, Juan Uribe-Toril, José Ruiz-Real, and Jaime de Pablo Valenciano. "Sustainable Local Development: An Overview of the State of Knowledge." Resources 8, no. 1 (February 2, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8010031.
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Since the eighties, the concern for sustainability has been increasing from several dimensions and depending on different socio-economic, political, geographical and cultural factors. In the last few years, local development has incorporated the concept of sustainability, as part of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals strategy, highlighting the relevance of this process. The purpose of this research is to show the state of the art of this subject, for what a bibliometric analysis has been carried out based on the two most important online databases: Web of Science and Scopus. This article identifies the latest trends that characterize the concept of sustainable local development, where resilience is the new perspective to include in the variables that influence the development of territories. The results show a positive trend in this field of research, with both the number of articles published and citations increasing exponentially in the last ten years. In addition, the analysis of keywords has shown a tendency towards terms such as resilience, rural tourism or ecological agriculture. In essence, the concept has reached such a point that it is necessary to establish new mechanisms that soften and even negate the economic disruption caused by globalization.
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Mendes, Jéssica Alves Justo, Lucas Olegário Bueno, Arthur Yassine Oliveira, and Mateus Cecílio Gerolamo. "Agriculture startups (AgTechs): a bibliometric study." International Journal of Professional Business Review 7, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): e0312. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2022.v7i2.312.
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Purpose: Conduct a bibliometric study on agricultural startups (AgTech) and the main concepts related to them in the literature. Theoretical framework: The agribusiness sector has the challenge of producing food sustainably to ensure food security for the planet's population by 2050. In this context, there is an exponential growth in investments in agriculture technology (Kakani et al., 2020). Most of these technologies are developed and marketed by AgTechs, the technological startups in agribusiness. AgTechs are expressive in the 4.0 agriculture scenario, where more precise and environmentally sustainable technologies are sought (Dutia, 2014. However, despite the growing number of AgTechs, few studies present their main concepts in the scientific literature. Design/methodology/approach: The Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases were used together with softwares: SciMAT and VOSviewer to develop the bibliometric study. The SciMAT was used to clean up raw bibliographic data, analyze, and configure the analysis. The maps generated were produced at VOSviewer and based on co-citation for the periods defined in the SciMAT. Findings: The results showed that the theme is not well consolidated in the literature, but it is in a dizzying growth, with 71.3% of the articles having been published in the last three years in 79 journals and with publications covering 44 countries. Research, Practical & Social implications: the AgTech theme is consolidating in literature where digital and disruptive technologies are concerned, however, the human factors, business models, and management aspects involved in this topic are being neglected, which resulted in the proposal of a Research Agenda that can help both academics and practitioners to analyze AgTechs aspects that appear to not be in focus right now. Originality/value: The study brought important contributions to a better understanding of the term AgTech in the literature and to the improvement of concepts related to this ecosystem.
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Duca, Maria, and Steliana Clapco. "Management approaches for sustainable growth in Moldova’s Sunflower Sector." Helia 44, no. 74 (March 18, 2021): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helia-2021-0002.
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Abstract Moldova is one of the 15 largest sunflower growing countries. In the past decades, significant changes have been implemented in Moldovan farming due to the liberalization of the agricultural economy after its independence in 1991 and the transition to a market economy, as well as uncontrolled land use. The impact of such changes on production remains mostly unexplored. To determine which factors impede the attainment of higher yields and whether this problem can be solved by conducting further research to improve and manage the sunflower cultivation or by improving the efficiency of farmers’ support systems, the current situation of sunflower production in Moldovan farms was investigated. In this context, the databases of the National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova and the Food and Agriculture Organization were analyzed and farmers’ surveys in different locations across the Republic of Moldova were conducted. The data related to the dynamics of sunflower production, yield and the surface of sunflower growing area, as well as of applied agricultural practices have been accumulated. It has been established the significant expansion of sunflower cultivated area which was leading to (i) considerable exploitation of land where sunflower is cultivated; (ii) failure of crop rotations; (iii) the accumulation of various pathogens. Some solutions to redress the situation have been proposed.