Relevant bibliographies by topics / Suspending agent

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Suspending agent'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Suspending agent"

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Piriyaprasarth, Suchada, Vipaluk Patomchaiviwat, Pornsak Sriamornsak, Nate Seangpongchawal, Prachya Katewongsa, Preeyanuch Akeuru, Paranee Srijarreon, and Piyarat Suttiphratya. "Evaluation of Yam (Dioscorea sp.) Starch and Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) Starch as Suspending Agent in Suspension." Advanced Materials Research 93-94 (January 2010): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.362.

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The aim of our study was to evaluate the applicability of yam (Dioscorea sp.) starch and arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) starch as suspending agents in suspension. Paracetamol was used as a model drug because of its low solubility. It was found that the optimal concentration as suspending agent in paracetamol suspension was in the range of 7-8% for yam starch and 5-6% for arrowroot starch. All formulations were stable within the period of study with pH of 5.4-6.9. These results were comparable to those obtained from the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium CMC) which is a common suspending agent. It could be concluded that yam starch and arrowroot starch showed suspending activity in paracetamol suspension and could be applied as commercial suspending agent.
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G Kalaskar, Mohan, Vishal S Bagul, Sandip D. Firke, Md Mujeeb G. Khan, Kapil M. Agrawal, Piyush R. Joshi, and Sanjay J. Surana. "Isolation and Evaluation of Tamarind Seed Coat Mucilage as Pharmaceutical Suspending Agent." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 07 (July 5, 2021): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/07141.

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Natural polymers, specifical mucilages, have been used as a suspending agent for a long period of time. Natural excipients can serve as an alternative to synthetic products since they are less expensive, less toxic, and devoid of environmental pollution. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the mucilage isolated from Tamarindusindica (Fabaceae) seed coat, commonly named tamarind, as an innovative suspending agent. Paracetamol suspensions (10% w/v) were prepared using the T. indica seed coat mucilage as a suspending agent, and it was evaluated for parameters like physical stability, sedimentation profile, dispersibility, and flow property. Furthermore, it was assessed for its stability. The effect of the tested mucilage on the suspension was compared with commonly used suspending agents, i.e. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% w/v. The results obtained indicated that the T. indica seed coat mucilage could be used as a suspending agent.
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Babar, Dr Vishal Bharat, Shivaraj Sopan Dhage, Amit Vilas Pondkule, and Sudarshan Nagarale. "Natural mucilage as suspending agent." International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Life Science 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/27072827.2020.v1.i2a.19.

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Mengesha, Yohannes, Abdu Tuha, Yimer Seid, and Admassu Assen Adem. "Evaluation of Aloe weloensis (Aloeacea) Mucilages as a Pharmaceutical Suspending Agent." Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2021 (May 19, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6634275.

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Natural polymers, specifically mucilages, have been used as a suspending agent for a long period of time. Natural excipients can serve as an alternative to synthetic products since they are less expensive, less toxic, and devoid of environmental pollution. There are many species of Aloe found in Ethiopia which can be used as a source of mucilage. In this study, mucilage from Aloe weloensis, which is found in Wollo floristic region, was extracted and tested as a suspending agent at different suspending agent concentrations and compared with standard suspending agents (acacia and sodium carboxy methylcellulose (NaCMC)) by formulating zinc oxide suspension. The mucilage obtained from Aloe weloensis leaves has shown comparable suspending agent ability with acacia. The rate of sedimentation and viscosity was higher at 1% and 4% mucilage concentrations than acacia though the difference was not significant ( p > 0.05 ). The suspension was slightly basic and easily dispersible than NaCMC. Suspensions formulated from NaCMC were superior in terms of viscosity and sedimentation volume which was significantly different ( p < 0.05 ) accompanied by lower flow rates than suspensions formulated from acacia and Aloe weloensis mucilages. The results suggested that Aloe weloensis mucilage could be used as an alternative suspending agent.
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Wolford, John, G. Lindner, M. Salyani, C. A. Martin, and S. W. Dean. "Attapulgite as a Thixotropic Suspending Agent." Journal of ASTM International 4, no. 10 (2007): 100396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jai100396.

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Woldu, Gebremariam, Berhe Baymot, Desta Tesfay, and Gebre Teklemariam Demoz. "Evaluation of Aloe elegans Mucilage as a Suspending Agent in Paracetamol Suspension." BioMed Research International 2021 (July 31, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5058372.

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Background. There are various natural excipients which have been used as suspending agents in pharmaceutical suspensions due to the presence of mucilage in their specialized cells and their capacity to form a colloidal gel in an aqueous medium. Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suspending capacity of Aloe elegans mucilage in suspension formulations. Materials and Methods. Aloe elegans mucilage (AEM) was evaluated as a suspending agent in comparison with xanthan gum (XG) in paracetamol suspensions at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% ( w / v ) concentrations. The resulting suspensions were evaluated for their sedimentation volume, apparent viscosity, flow rate, rate of redispersibility, pH, assay, and dissolution profile. Results. The volume of sedimentation, apparent viscosity, and redispersibility rate of the formulations were significantly increased ( p < 0.05 ), with the concentration of the suspending agents. Meanwhile, the apparent viscosity for all formulations has significantly decreased ( p < 0.05 ) with an increase in shear rates. Volume of sedimentation, apparent viscosity, and redispersibility degree of the formulations prepared with AEM were significantly ( p < 0.05 ) lower than XG-containing formulations at the same concentration. Nevertheless, the sedimentation volume of all formulations with AEM was significantly ( p < 0.05 ) higher than the suspension without any suspending agent. With regard to drug content and pH values, all formulations showed an acceptable result with the standards. All formulations showed a release of greater than 85% of drug content within 45 min. Conclusion. Aloe elegans mucilage could have a potential to be utilized as an alternative suspending agent in pharmaceutical suspensions.
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Haile, Tsadkan Gebremeskel, Gereziher Gebremedhin Sibhat, Ebisa Tadese, Desta Tesfay, and Fantahun Molla. "Evaluation of Grewia ferruginea Hochst ex A. Rich Mucilage as Suspending Agent in Metronidazole Benzoate Suspension." BioMed Research International 2020 (October 29, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7612126.

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Various species of the genus Grewia have been investigated for different pharmaceutical applications as excipients, yet a study on the potential use of Grewia ferruginea mucilage (GFM) as a suspending agent is lacking. Thus, this study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of Grewia ferruginea mucilage (GFM) as a suspending agent in metronidazole benzoate suspension. The suspensions were prepared using 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% w / v of GFM and compared with suspensions prepared from xanthan gum (XGM) and sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (SCMC) in similar concentrations. The prepared suspensions were evaluated for visual appearance, pH, rheology, sedimentation volume, redispersibility, degree of flocculation, and in vitro drug release profile. Stability study was done at different storage conditions for three months. The results indicated that all the prepared suspension formulations exhibited pseudoplastic flow characteristics with viscosity imparting ability of the suspending agents in the order of XGM > GFM > SCMC ( p < 0.05 ). The flow rate and redispersibility of the formulations prepared with GFM were significantly lower than those with SCMC and higher than those prepared with XGM. At 0.5% w / v suspending agent concentrations, the sedimentation volume of the formulations was in the order of XGM > GFM > SCMC ( p < 0.05 ). However, at all other concentrations, the sedimentation volume of the formulations prepared with GFM had similar results with XGM but exhibited significantly higher sedimentation volume than SCMC. The formulations with GFM showed a higher degree of flocculation at 0.5% w / v concentration but were comparable at 1.5% w / v with XGM containing formulations. The pH, assay, and in vitro release profile of all assessed formulations were within the pharmacopial limit. Thus, based on the finding of this study, it can be concluded that Grewia ferruginea bark mucilage has the potential to be utilized as a suspending agent in suspension formulations.
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Krishna, Anjali, and Shan Mohanan. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LIQUID ORAL SUSPENSION OF PARACETAMOL USING NEWLY ISOLATED AND CHARACTERIZED HYGROPHILA SPINOSA SEED MUCILAGE AS SUSPENDING AGENT." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 11 (November 7, 2018): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i11.28856.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate and evaluate the suspending property of newly isolated, purified, and characterized Hygrophila spinosa seed mucilage in liquid oral suspensions of paracetamol.Methods: Isolation of mucilage from H. spinosa seeds was done by maceration process, and then it was characterized by phytochemical screening, solubility, pH, swelling index, flow rate, viscosity, loss on drying, and cytotoxicity. The characterized mucilage was then used as a suspending agent for the preparation of suspensions containing paracetamol as a model drug. The prepared formulations were then evaluated for different parameters such as sedimentation volume, redispersibility, flow rate, pH, viscosity, and other physical examination.Results: The isolated mucilage is a polysaccharide with no impurities and nontoxic in nature. It has got enough swellability and good viscosity. The prepared suspensions were evaluated, and the results such as sedimentation volume, redispersibility, flow rate, pH, viscosity, and other physical examination showed its suspending property.Conclusion: The study revealed that a lesser amount of H. spinosa seed mucilage can produce a good suspension. By this study, it could be find out that a 1/5th quantity of mucilage (0.2%) is only required to prepare a suspension of paracetamol when compared with suspensions prepared of compound tragacanth (1%) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (1%) as suspending agents. Thus, by this study, it can be stated that the mucilage from H. spinosa possesses all the criteria needed by a standard suspending agent.
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Kittipongpatana, O. S., and J. Sirithunyalug. "Development of Suspending Agent from Sodium Carboxymethyl Mungbean Starches." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 32, no. 7 (January 2006): 809–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03639040500529978.

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Brhane, Yonas. "Evaluation of Carboxymethylated Plectranthus edulis Starch as Suspending Agent in Metronidazole Benzoate Suspension Formulation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 12, no. 5 (September 30, 2019): 4672–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2019.12.5.8.

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Carboxymethylated Plectranthus edulis, Vatke (P. edulis) [fam., Lamiaceae] starch was evaluated as a suspending agent in metronidazole benzoate suspensions in comparison with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) at concentration range of 1-4% (w/v). The resulting suspensions were evaluated for their sedimentation volume (%), degree of flocculation, rheology, redispersibility, and dissolution rate. Stability studies were performed for 3 months. The apparent viscosities of the formulations prepared with carboxymethylated P. edulis starch at reaction condition E (CMPS-E) was significantly lower than that of NaCMC (p < 0.05). The flowability of the suspensions, at all concentration levels of the suspending agents, were in the order of CMPS-E > NaCMC. AT 1% concentrations, carboxymethylated P. edulis starch (76 ± 1.5%) provided significantly higher (p < 0.05) sedimentation volume than NaCMC (40 ± 1.5%). At 3% and 4%, both gave comparable sedimentation volume (100%). Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) employed as a flocculating agent significantly increased (p < 0.05) the sedimentation volume of the suspensions prepared with carboxy-methylated P.edulis starch and NaCMC. The redispersibilities of CMPS-E was better than those of NaCMC. All suspensions showed a release of greater than 85% of drug within 1 h. The results of stability studies showed that all suspension formulations were stable. From the foregoing, it can be concluded that carboxymethylated P. edulis starch could be used as an alternative suspending agent.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Suspending agent"

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Zhang, Rui. "Polymeric Complexes and Composites for Aerospace and Biomedical Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96565.

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Polymers, among metals and ceramics, are major solid materials which are widely used in all kinds of applications. Polymers are of particular interest because they can be tailored with desirable properties. Polymer-based complexes and composites, which contain both the polymers and other components such as metal oxide/salts, are playing a more and more important role in the material fields. Such complexes and composites may display the benefits of both the polymer and other materials, endowing them with excellent functionalities for targeted applications. In this dissertation, a great deal of research was conducted to synthesize novel polymers and build polymeric complexes and composites for biomedical and aerospace applications. In chapter 3, two methods were developed and optimized to fabricate sub-micron high-performance polymer particles which were subsequently used to coat onto functional carbon fibers via electrostatic interactions, for the purpose of fabricating carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. In chapter 4, a novel Pluronic® P85-bearing penta-block copolymer was synthesized and formed complexes with magnetite. The complexes displayed non-toxicity to cells normally but were able to selectively kill cancer cells without killing normal cells when subjected to a low-frequency alternating current magnetic field. Such results demonstrated the potential of such polymeric complexes in cancer treatment. Chapter 5 described the synthesis of several ionic graft copolymers primarily bisphosphonate-containing polymers, and the fabrication of polymer-magnetite complexes. The in-depth investigation results indicated the capability of the complexes for potential drug delivery, imaging, and other biomedical applications. Chapter 6 described additional polymer synthesis and particle or complex fabrication for potential drug delivery and imaging, as well as radiation shielding.
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Horrill, M. D. "The effect of suspending agents on the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7513.

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The suspension polymerisation of vinyl chloride is the main industrial process used for the manufacture of PVC. The aim of this project was to study the suspension polymerisation of vinyl chloride monomer to form PVC. The work concentrated on the effects that the choice of suspension stabilisers (PVA's), pH and other environmental factors had on the properties of both the initial droplet suspension and the polymerising system throughout the course of the reaction. Experiments were carried out using a pressurised 11 stainless steel jacketed reactor connected to an external optical cell. Progress of the polymerisation was monitored optically by taking samples into the cell at regular intervals and examining them with a microscope which had an attached camera. Properties that were studied included the drop size and drop size distribution of the initial droplet suspension, the stabiliser take-up during the reaction and the particle size distribution, porosity and physical appearance of the polymer particles. The work showed that the choice of suspension stabiliser not only effected the drop size and drop size distribution of the initial suspension but also effected the properties and particle size of the final polymer product which was produced. The pH of the system was also discovered to effect both drop stability and the course of the polymerisation. Lowering the pH (pH 10) had a drastic effect. At high pH, the droplet suspension that was formed was highly unstable and the polymer product that was formed consisted of very large, coarse grains. Other environmental factors (reactor heat up rate, oxygen concentration, the location of secondary PVA (aqueous or organic phase), delaying the addition of the primary PVA and simultaneous charging of both phases to the reactor) were also discovered to effect the properties of both the droplet suspension and the polymer product although the suspension was found to be more resilient to changes in the operating conditions than the polymer.
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Books on the topic "Suspending agent"

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Nichols, David E. Fertilizer suspending agents. Muscle Shoals, Ala: Tennessee Valley Authority, National Fertilizer Development Center, 1988.

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Horrill, Michael David. The effect of suspending agents on the suspension poylmerisation of vinyl chloride. 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Suspending agent"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Suspending Agent." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 724. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11457.

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Thangarajah, John, James Harland, David Morley, and Neil Yorke-Smith. "Operational Behaviour for Executing, Suspending, and Aborting Goals in BDI Agent Systems." In Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies VIII, 1–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20715-0_1.

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"Suspending agent." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 945. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30160-0_11243.

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Shiwei, Wang, and Chen Jie. "STUDY OF RARE EARTH AS SUSPENDING AGENT IN ENAMEL SLIP." In New Frontiers in Rare Earth Science and Applications, 1464–68. Elsevier, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-767662-3.50140-6.

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Toledo, Carlos M., Omar Chiotti, and María R. Galli. "A Multi-Agent Knowledge Management System for Reactive and Proactive Knowledge Supply." In Enterprise Resource Planning, 1104–19. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4153-2.ch063.

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This chapter presents an agent-based architecture for integrating organizational knowledge repositories and business processes orchestrated by a workflow management system. This architecture proactively provides relevant knowledge to workflow tasks considering their context, and stores the information generated by its execution for future requirements. It describes components of the architecture, models a multi-agent system that enables the integration, presents a strategy to annotate and retrieval knowledge of non-structured information sources, and defines a new workflow pattern to be used in knowledge intensive tasks in order to make possible the knowledge provision. This architecture allows workers to count, in a proactive way, with all necessary information for the task executions without suspending their activities to retrieve information scattered in the organization. It reduces the wasted time in manual knowledge searches included in mostly knowledge management approaches.
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Toledo, Carlos M., Omar Chiotti, and María R. Galli. "A Multi-Agent Knowledge Management System for Reactive and Proactive Knowledge Supply." In Knowledge Management and Drivers of Innovation in Services Industries, 203–18. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0948-8.ch016.

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This chapter presents an agent-based architecture for integrating organizational knowledge repositories and business processes orchestrated by a workflow management system. This architecture proactively provides relevant knowledge to workflow tasks considering their context, and stores the information generated by its execution for future requirements. It describes components of the architecture, models a multi-agent system that enables the integration, presents a strategy to annotate and retrieval knowledge of non-structured information sources, and defines a new workflow pattern to be used in knowledge intensive tasks in order to make possible the knowledge provision. This architecture allows workers to count, in a proactive way, with all necessary information for the task executions without suspending their activities to retrieve information scattered in the organization. It reduces the wasted time in manual knowledge searches included in mostly knowledge management approaches.
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Selvasudha, Nandakumar, Unnikrishnan-Meenakshi Dhanalekshmi, Sekar Krishnaraj, Yogeeswarakannan Harish Sundar, Nagarajan Sri Durga Devi, and Irisappan Sarathchandiran. "Multifunctional Clay in Pharmaceuticals." In Clay Science and Technology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92408.

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Clay has its widespread applications in pharmaceuticals from ancient world to modern era. It is one of the excellent excipients present in the commercially available pharmaceuticals. Its use in many of dosage forms viz. in suspension, emulsion, ointments, gels, tablet and as drug delivery carrier as suspending agent, emulsifying agent, stiffening agent, binder, diluent, opacifier, and as release retardant have been explored in many studies. Variety of minerals is used as both excipient and as an active ingredient; among that kaolinite, talc, and gypsum are important. Their inertness, low toxicity, versatile physiochemical properties and cost effectiveness has increased its usage in pharma industries. Many minerals have its own pharmacological action as antacid, anti-bacterial, anti-emetic, anti- diarrheal agent and as skin protectant etc. Their unique structure which helps them to absorb material onto their layered sheets has opened a wide variety of applications in drug delivery. The understanding of surface chemistry and particle size distribution of clay minerals has led the pharmaceutical field in many directions and future perspectives.
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Conference papers on the topic "Suspending agent"

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Deshmukh, Sufyan, Marcelo Dourado Motta, Sameer Prabhudesai, Mehul Patil, Yogesh Kumar, Blake Anthony Mihalic, and Rahul Sukanta Dey. "Use of Micronized Weighting Agents for High Density Completion Fluids: A Case Study." In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201065-ms.

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Abstract A unique invert emulsion fluid (IEF) weighted up with treated micronized weighting agent (MWA) slurries has been developed and successfully implemented in the field as a completion and testing fluid. The utilization of this unique IEF by design allowed the fluid properties to be lower on viscosity and superior suspension characteristics, which allowed for thermally stable fluid and provided excellent downhole hydraulics performance. Much of the earlier development and deployment of this type of IEF was focused on drilling for sections in narrow mud weight and fracture gradient windows, coiled tubing operations, managed pressure drilling, and extended reach wells. Many of these drilling challenges are also encountered in high pressure and high temperature (HTHP) and ultra-deepwater field developments and mature, depleted fields. Early fluid developments focused on designing the fluids chemistry and physics interactions and the optimization of mineralogy of the weighing agent used. There was also some concern on variability of the results seen on the return permeability as well as standard fluid loss experiments. The paper describes the laboratory and field and rigsite data generated while using the MWA in IEFs during completion operations with a client in India. The paper will briefly describe the laboratory work before the application and the associated results observed on the rig site. It will also outline all the challenges which were faced during the execution and mixing of the MWA IEFs. Each separate operation required a high-density reservoir fluid solution above 15.5 ppg [1.85 sg]. Because corrosion, sag potential, and scale were the operator's main concerns, a solids-free brine or other type of weighting agent (for e.g. Calcium Carbonate and/or Tri-Manganese Tetra Oxide) solution was not favored. A high-density IEF designed with MWA allowed us to provide a solution that mitigated against the risks identified in each operation. The thin viscosity profile enabled completion activities to proceed with minimal fluid consumption at surface, reducing the overall environmental impact. The high-density (15.6 ppg [1.86 SG] and 16.2 ppg [1.94 SG]) invert emulsion fluid was designed to minimize sag potential with minimal reservoir damage potential. With a thinner viscosity profile compared to conventional IEFs at equivalent densities, the fluid enabled completion activities with minimal fluid volumes lost over shakers and reduced the environmental impact. The MWA that was used to build the IEF used for drilling and completion fluid enabled maintenance of extremely low-shear rate viscosities when compared to conventional barite-laden fluids. This fluid was used for suspending and abandoning the well in Case Study A, where the reentry and intervention of the well was planned to be after 2 years. After exposure of the fluid in Case Study A, the fluid showed minimum sag after re-entry of the well and the intervention activities were done without any problems. Case Study B showed that the fluid was mixed to the density of 16.2 ppg and was used to perforate and test two different zones. The bottom hole static temperature (BHST) reported were 356 degF (180 degC) for Case Study A and 376 degF (191 degC) for Case Study B respectively. The paper attempts to show the effects of using this alternative weighing agent as a completion fluid instead of a high-density solids-free brine or other solids-laden high-density brines and the associated success, which could be managed if the fluid design is carefully planned.
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