Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Survivors'
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Buegel, Angela Lila. "Nutrition-Related Disease Risk in Pediatric Cancer Survivors." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250544679.
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Pieters, Huibrie. "From 'Cancer Patient' to 'Cancer Survivor' oldest breast cancer survivors in transition /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=2023818721&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Skinner, Julie Margaret. "Coping with survivors and surviving : a study of how survivors, mothers of survivors, and teachers of survivors cope in the aftermath of child sexual abuse." Thesis, University of York, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387547.
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Euteneuer, Jacob. "The survivors' affair." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13727.
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Master of ArtsDepartment of English
Daniel A. Hoyt
In this project, the opening chapters of a novel, a fifty-foot man falls to the ground in Athens, Ohio. He is pronounced dead at the scene. What begins as a bizarre happening in a small college town soon spirals into an event with global repercussions. The federal government puts together a team of four scientists: Peter, a biologist; Jonathon, an archaeologist; Alexa, a forensic scientist; and Carly, a geneticist. As politicians, the media, and religious figures latch on to the giant man, the scientists try to determine if the body is real. Meanwhile, a religious cult develops in Athens. The cult believes the body is the Judeo-Christian God because it resembles images of God in popular and classic works of art. The giant man came from up in the clouds, has a white, billowing beard, and is old. Cult members tie bandanas around their eyes because they believe humans are not meant to look upon the body of God. The novel is told from a third-person omniscient point of view and shows the far-reaching consequences of such a fantastic event in our contemporary world. The novel delves into the mind of the Pope, a mortician, a lawyer, clergymen, students at Ohio University, the mayor of Athens, and a four-year-old boy, among many others. These characters try to come to terms with what it means to have the unreal and the impossible happen in their ordinary lives.
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Faubert, Joël. "Zombies and Survivors." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41077.
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Cops and Robbers on Graphs (C & R) is a vertex-to-vertex pursuit game played on
graphs first introduced by Quilliot (in 1978) and Nowakowski (in 1983). The cop
player starts the game by choosing a set of vertices which will be the cops’ starting
positions. The robber player responds by choosing its own start vertex. On each
player’s turn, the player may move its tokens to adjacent vertices. The cops win
if the robber is captured (they occupy the same vertex). The robber wins if it can
avoid capture indefinitely. The question, then, is to determine the smallest number
of cops required to guarantee the robber will be captured. A variation of C & R called
Zombies and Survivors (Z & S) was recently proposed and studied by Fitzpatrick.
Z & S is the same as C & R with the added twist that the zombies are required to
move closer to the survivor (by following a shortest path from the zombie to the
survivor). Whenever multiple shortest paths exist, the zombies are free to choose
which one to follow. As in C & R, we are interested in the minimum number of
zombies required to guarantee the survivor will be caught. Chapter 1 summarizes
important results in vertex-pursuit games. In Chapter 2 we give an example of a
planar graph where 3 zombies always lose, whereas Aigner and Fromme showed
in 1984 that three cops have a winning strategy on planar graphs. In Chapter 3 we
show how two zombies can win on a cycle with one chord.
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Clarke, Philippa J. "Handicap in stroke survivors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ51554.pdf.
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Ralph, Andrea Jayne. "Acquired brain injury : the public's understanding of survivors and survivors' perceptions of stigma." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6303.
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The portfolio has three parts: a systematic literature review, an empirical paper and a set of appendixes. Part 1 is a systematic literature review, in which the empirical literature assessing the public’s knowledge of acquired brain injury (ABI) and attitudes towards survivors is reviewed and critically evaluated. The review aims to identify the misconceptions commonly endorsed by the public and identify their attitudes towards survivors, to determine whether the stigmatisation of this population is likely. Part 2 is an empirical paper which aimed to explore whether survivors of ABI perceived stigma and anticipated discrimination. To achieve this, participants with ABI completed either an online (n= 114) or paper version (n= 36) of a questionnaire designed to assess their level of perceived stigma. This study further aimed to determine whether perceived stigma was associated with reduced self-efficacy and unemployment, given their negative impact on rehabilitation outcomes, continued recovery and quality of life post-injury. The findings and clinical implications are discussed and highlight the need for government and media campaigns to prioritise fighting the stigma of ABI and promoting the inclusion of survivors. Part 3 comprises the appendices, including a reflective account of the research process and additional information relating to Part 1 and Part 2 of the portfolio.
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Pepper, Sarah E. "Self Blame in Sexual Assault Survivors and Attributions to Other Sexual Assault Survivors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12181/.
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Previous research indicates that survivors of sexual assault often blame themselves for the assault. Research has also shown that people blame the perpetrator in some situations and the survivor in other situations involving sexual assault. The purpose of this study was to discover if survivors of sexual assault who blame themselves tend to blame other survivors (survivor blame) in situations different from their own. Another purpose was to assess whether or not sexual assault survivors who do not blame themselves for their attack tend to blame other survivors. The participants' attributional style was also assessed in order to understand the relations between self-blame and survivor blame in situations involving sexual assault. Findings indicated that certain types of attributional style are related to self-blame in sexual assault survivors and blame toward sexual assault survivors depicted in vignettes. This indicates that attributional style may have important implications in the clinical setting to aid sexual assault survivors who experience self-blame, as well in educating society about sexual assault and the ultimate responsibility of perpetrators.
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Pepper, Sarah E. Sewell Kenneth W. "Self blame in sexual assault survivors and attributions to other sexual assault survivors." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12181.
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Abolio, Bolukaoto. "The Experiences of female rape survivors seen at Bopanang Centre, Northern Cape." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/278.
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Thesis(M Med.(Family Medicine))--University of Limpopo, 2009.Aim: The aim of this research was to explore the experiences of female rape survivors seen at Bopanang Centre in Upington, Northern Cape Province. The objectives of the study were: 1 To describe the experiences of female rape survivors who received health care at Bopanang Centre Upington, Northern Cape. 2 To enable caregivers understand the experiences of women who survived rape. Design: The design was a descriptive exploratory qualitative study using in depth interviews on females who survived rape. The interviews were conducted in both English and Afrikaans and recorded on audio tapes while field notes and a research diary were documented by the researcher. Setting: The setting was Bopanang Centre in Upington town in the Northern Cape. Study population: The study population was all female rape survivors seen at Bopanang Centre, Upington in the Northern Cape Province. The sample size of women interviewed was 10 participants. Results: Most female rape survivors recall exceptionally well the events leading to the rape. All the survivors experienced various post rape distressful feelings ranging from anger, bitterness, humiliation, sadness, and confusion, self-blame and guilt, lack of trust and fear of men to the most extreme feelings such as crushed dignity and dead inside even considering committing suicide. Variable and inconsistent care of services had been offered to them, without fully considering their specific needs and experiences of females who had survived rape. Victimization and stigma were barriers for disclosure and reporting of the rape. Excessive alcohol use and abuse of sleeping pills had been reported by some of the survivors as a means to alleviate the post rape distress. From the study disclosure was the most important factor in determining how one was able to cope with distress following the rape. All those survivors who had good family support could cope reasonably well to deal with post rape distress. Conclusion: The study concludes that the experiences of female rape survivors seenat Bopanang Centre in Upington Northern Cape have not been adequately addressed by health care providers and stakeholders, health care and post rape services offered to them. Female rape survivors having a good family support cope reasonably well despite the distressful post rape feelings experiences they experience on a daily basis.
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Vangile, Kirsten M. "Childhood Cancer Survivors: Patient Characteristics." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/51.
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Survivors of childhood cancer are a relatively new phenomenon in the medical world. The introduction of treatment protocols in the 1970s started a trend in curing children of cancer that historically had been a death sentence. Under these treatment protocols children were given different treatment regimens based on past research that helped remove cancerous cells from their bodies, but were later found to be the cause of treatment related morbidities years into the future; for most survivors roughly ten to 20 years post treatment. These morbidities, commonly called late-effects, are the prime reason that survivors of childhood cancer need to participate in survivorship care. Survivors of childhood cancer are particularly vulnerable to late-effects because the majority of them receive their treatment at a time when their bodies are still growing and developing. Survivorship care services vary by site, but all maintain the common goals of providing long-term follow up for the survivor and education about the ways in which treatments may affect a survivors’ health as they age. Similar to many other facets of healthcare and medicine, there are many populations who do not participate in survivorship care. The purpose of this research is to identify possible barriers to care, assess the level of impact these barriers have upon the survivor’s potential for participation and provide suggestions as to how these barriers can be mitigated. Additionally, this research highlights areas that need further research and analysis.
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Legg, Lynn A. "Informal carers of stroke survivors." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3123/.
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In an effort to identify further published, unpublished and ongoing studies, conference proceedings and trials registers were searched, reference lists of relevant articles were scanned and researchers and authors in the field were contacted. Selection criteria: Studies were included if the focus was on; study participants as a provider of care to a stroke survivor living in the community, had no restrictions on admissible participants, had no restrictions on type of stroke patient, depression was measured using standard criteria and measures of occurrence of depression presented in a binary format (i.e., depressed/ not depressed). Types of epidemiologic study eligible included: cohort studies, case-control studies, including prevalent case-control studies and cross sectional studies, including prevalence studies. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors selected studies for inclusion, independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality. Estimates of pooled prevalence were calculated using inverse variance methods. Results: 19 studies were identified. 12 studies used a single cohort design and six studies used a cross sectional design. One study is ongoing and awaiting assessment. No cohort studies included a referent or comparator group of people who were unexposed to providing informal care. Data on prevalence of depression were available from 16 studies (1848 participants). No studies were identified that collected data on incidence of depression. No investigators reported including participants to cohort studies that were free of depression at the initial observation. The estimates of prevalence of depression are based on the number of people who scored above a clinical cut point on a self-report dimensional rating scale for depression. The overall pooled prevalence estimate calculated using the inverse variance method using a random effects model was slightly lower (28%, 95% CI 23%, 33%) than when the analysis was restricted to studies with an ideal design (30%, 95% CI 25%, 34%). The majority of studies lack a description of important characteristics that define the informal caregiver population. Lack of a clear and unambiguous operational definition of informal care is common across studies. Conclusions: Estimates of prevalence of depression in people who provide care to informal stroke survivors are similar to those observed in community studies of the prevalence of depression. There is currently insufficient evidence from epidemiological studies to suggest and association between the provision of informal care and the development of depression. Chapter 5 Non-pharmacological interventions for informal carers of stroke survivors. Synopsis of chapter 5. Chapter 5 focuses on the analysis and evaluation of the existing literature on the effects of non pharmacological interventions targeted towards people who provide informal care to stroke survivors. For presentation purposes, this chapter is divided into several sections. Section A describes the background and rationale for the systematic review. Section B describes the methods of the review including the types of participants, types of interventions, types of outcome and types of study, searching for studies, selecting studies and collecting data, assessing risk of bias in included studies, methods for analysing data and undertaking meta-analysis. Section C presents the meta-analysis of the relevant studies. The results are presented and discussed. Abstract. Background: A substantial component of care is provided to stroke survivors by informal caregivers. However, providing such care is often a new and challenging experience and has been linked to a number of adverse outcomes. A range of interventions targeted towards stroke survivors and their family or other informal caregivers have been tested in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Objectives: To evaluate the effect of interventions targeted towards informal caregivers of stroke survivors or targeted towards informal caregivers and the care recipient (the stroke survivor). Search methods: The Cochrane Stroke Group Trials Register (last searched March 2011), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 4, 2010); MEDLINE (1950 to August 2010), EMBASE (1980 to December 2010), CINAHL; (1982 to August 2010), AMED (1985 to August 2010), PsycINFO (1967 to August 2010) Science Citation Index (1992 to August 2010) and six other electronic databases were searched. In an effort to identify further published, unpublished and ongoing studies, conference proceedings and trials registers were searched, reference lists of relevant articles were scanned and researchers and authors in the field were contacted. Selection criteria RCTs were included if they evaluated the effect of non-pharmacological interventions (compared with no care or routine care) on informal caregivers of stroke survivors. Trials of interventions were included if they delivered to stroke survivors and informal caregivers only if the stroke survivor and informal caregiver were randomised as a dyad. Studies which included stroke survivors and caregivers were excluded if the stroke survivors were the primary target of the intervention. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors selected studies for inclusion, independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality. Original data was sought from trialists. Interventions were categorised into three groups: support and information, teaching procedural knowledge/vocational training type interventions, and psycho-educational type interventions. The primary outcome was caregivers' stress or strain. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results: Eight studies, including a total of 1007 participants, met the inclusion criteria. The results of all the studies were not pooled because of substantial methodological, statistical and clinical heterogeneity. For caregivers' stress or strain no significant results were found within categories of intervention, with the exception of one single-centre study examining the effects of a 'vocational training' type intervention which found a mean difference between the intervention and comparator group at the end of scheduled follow-up of -8.67 (95% confidence interval -11.30 to -6.04, P < 0.001) in favour of the 'teaching procedural knowledge' type intervention group Conclusions: It was not possible to carry out a meta-analysis of the evidence from RCTs because of methodological, clinical and statistical heterogeneity. One limitation across all studies was the lack of a description of important characteristics that define the informal caregiver population. However, 'vocational educational' type interventions delivered to caregivers prior to the stroke survivor's discharge from hospital appear to be the most promising intervention. However, this is based on the results from one, small, single-centre study. Chapter 6 Conclusions. Synopsis of Chapter 6. This chapter, after outlining the findings of the individual studies included in this thesis and how they fit into the broader literature, makes observations about the approach that has been taken and lessons learned, some with the benefit of hindsight, in order to inform future research work on informal carers. This chapter also examines the structure, purpose, limitations, use and misuse of the informal care epidemiological literature. The chapter finishes with recommendations for future research, clinical practice and policy.
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Grimmett, C. M. "Health behaviours in cancer survivors." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1147315/.
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As cancer outcomes improve there is growing interest in the role of health behaviours in enhancing health and wellbeing in cancer survivors. However, there have been few studies of health behaviours in cancer survivors in the UK. Study 1 used data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing to conduct the first investigation of health behaviours in an English sample of cancer survivors compared with the general population of older adults. Rates of current smoking and alcohol consumption were comparable, however cancer survivors were more likely to be ex-smokers and less likely to be physically active than adults without cancer. Study 2 examined health behaviours in a large sample of colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. The results broadly confirmed suboptimal health behaviours in this population. Study 3 also demonstrated that better health behaviours were associated with better quality of life. In this same sample, believing that lifestyle factors may have contributed to cancer occurrence was associated with improvement in health behaviours following diagnosis (study 4). Receiving advice on secondary prevention from a clinician was also associated with an increased chance of health behaviour change (study 5). In addition the perceived barriers of age and mobility were associated with participating in less physical activity (study 6). Evidence that healthful behaviours improve quality of life, coupled with their preventive effect on second primary cancers and other diseases for which cancer survivors are at an increased risk, suggest cancer survivors are an important population for health promotion. However, evidence for effective lifestyle interventions among CRC survivors is scarce. Study 7 therefore examined the feasibility and acceptability of a lifestyle change intervention in a small pilot sample of CRC survivors (n = 11). The intervention was feasible and acceptable and associated with positive health behaviour change. This research has contributed to the understanding of health behaviours among cancer survivors in the UK, and provides insight into how to encourage health behaviour change in this vulnerable population.
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Coloma, Cares Estefanía. "Survivors in modern American tragedy." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130551.
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Swanson, Shelby N. "WOMEN AS VICTIMS OR SURVIVORS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/122.
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Research shows that women who have been sexually assaulted once are more likely to be sexually assaulted again (revictimized). Several factors contribute to the likelihood of a woman being revictimized, including social support, personal behavior, and psychological health. This research proposes that a combination of these factors contributes to a woman’s self-perception as a victim or survivor of sexual assault. It is this self-perception that determines revictimization. Twenty women were interviewed to explore the victim or survivor mentality and its relation to revictimization. All women had negative consequences of the assault. Negative consequences lead some women to develop a victim mentality. Some women were able to find positive consequences out of their assault and developed a survivor mentality. Revictimization was linked to negative consequences of the initial victimization and the victim mentality that resulted from the negative consequences. Reasons for non-revictimization were somewhat the opposite of the reasons for revictimization and were linked to positive consequences of the assault and the survivor mentality that resulted from the positive consequences. The overall attitudes and behaviors of a sexual assault victim determines whether she views herself as a victim or survivor which significantly impacts the likelihood of her revictimization.
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Hossaini, Abbas Ali. "Survivors of Terrorism - A Study on How Survivors of the Terrorist Attacks Perceive their Attackers." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24026.
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The growing number of victims as the result of increased terrorism has caused areal concern. Because many of the victims ends into mental disorders, the scholarships in this regard has increased. However, it is rare to find scholarships focusing on the attitudes held by the victims produced in line with the sufferings caused by terrorism. As usually in circumstances such as in post terrorist acts, the survivors produce negative attitudes due to the bad experiences triggered by the event which may thereby begin another cycle of violence directed towards the enemy. Therefore, to understand and to minimize the possible productions of such attitudes by the victims, actually serves the central aim of Peace and Conflict studies, which is to stop violence and promote peace. Thus, considering this issue, this research aims to understand how the survivors of terrorism perceive their attackers. In line with the aim, this study includes an interpretative case study to interview the survivors of terrorism and analyze the possible construction of enemy image in the lenses of theory enemy image. The study concluded that most of the participants consider the outgroups as different from the ingroup, especially based on religion and the outgroups are usually represented as ‘others’, the analyses confirms that participants create an enemy image, because there is not only one enemy in form of ethnic group therefore the construction of enemy image towards one group may vary in relation to the other group
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Janson, Christopher M. "Marriage and Divorce in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08092007-145913/.
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In this report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS), we described marriage and divorce rates in survivors of childhood cancer, as compared to a sibling control group and the general U.S. population. We also sought to identify patient and treatment characteristics that were associated with survivor marital status. This study included 8,930 five-year survivors of childhood malignancy and 2,855 sibling controls participating in the CCSS. Data on marital status, sociodemographic factors, and current health status were obtained from questionnaires; detailed disease and treatment histories were available from medical records. Marital status of the U.S. population was obtained from the 2002 Current Population Survey of the U.S. Census. We found that survivors were more likely to have never married than both sibling (odds ratio [OR] = 1.79; 95 % CI = 1.65-1.94; p < 0.0001) and population controls (OR = 2.29; 95 % CI = 2.19-2.38; p < 0.0001), with persistence of trends across age and gender strata. Once married, survivors divorced at rates equivalent to controls. In adjusted analysis, we found that several survivor characteristics predicted never-married status, including treatment involving cranial radiation (OR = 2.41; p < 0.0001), CNS tumor diagnosis (OR = 2.05; p < 0.0001), history of growth hormone deficiency (OR = 2.02; p < 0.0001), and unemployment secondary to disability (OR = 1.78; p = 0.0001). Survivor characteristics predictive of divorce included unemployment (OR = 1.91; p < 0.0001, for unemployed or disabled), lower educational achievement (OR = 1.74; p < 0.0001, for non-college graduates), and psychological distress (OR = 1.60; p < 0.0001). This study confirms prior reports of lower marriage rates in survivors of childhood cancer, providing further evidence that this population struggles with psychosocial adjustment to adult life.
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Bennett, Samuel H. "Survivors and the service agencies : early perceptions of holocaust survivors in the United States, 1945-1951." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430201.
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Galán, Ortega Santiago J. "Psychosocial support for young cancer survivors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461095.
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El nombre de supervivents de càncer està creixent. Tanmateix, els efectes secundaris i a llarg plaç causats pel mateix càncer o pel seu tractament poden crear necessitats addicionals. Identificar quines són aquestes necessitats i desenvolupar directrius específiques sobre com es poden satisfer és important per garantir una qualitat de vida satisfactòria en aquesta població. Aquesta tesi està relacionada amb aquesta àrea de coneixement i té tres estudis: una revisió sistemàtica de les necessitats d'Adolescents i adults joves (Estudi I), un estudi Delphi sobre la importància d'aquestes necessitats (Study II) i una validació de l'Escala de Centralitat d'Esdeveniments (CES) per al seu ús amb joves de parla hispana (Estudi III). Les principals conclusions són les següents:
1. Els adolescents i adults joves supervivents de càncer tenen necessitats específiques com ara rebre informació i assessorament individualitzat, assistència personalitzada en la fase de posttractament, assistència psicològica i suport social.
2. Moltes d'aquestes necessitats relacionades amb la fertilitat i la salut sexual, el manteniment d'un estil de vida saludable, el suport social i familiar i les relacions entre iguals rarament es troben satisfetes.
3. El CES és una eina d'avaluació fiable i vàlida per ser utilitzada amb joves, que pot ajudar a determinar la importància de la centralitat de l'esdeveniment per adaptar-se als esdeveniments del càncer.El número de supervivientes de cáncer está creciendo. Sin embargo, los efectos secundarios y a largo plazo causados por el cáncer o por su tratamiento pueden dar lugar a necesidades adicionales. Identificar cuáles son estas necesidades y desarrollar pautas específicas sobre cómo se pueden satisfacer es importante para garantizar una calidad de vida satisfactoria en esta población. Esta tesis está relacionada con esta área de conocimiento y cuenta con tres estudios: una revisión sistemática de las necesidades de adolescentes y jóvenes adultos (Estudio I), un estudio con metodología Delphi sobre la importancia de estas necesidades (Estudio II) y una validación de la escala de Centralidad de eventos (CES) para su uso con jóvenes de habla hispana (Estudio III). Las principales conclusiones son las siguientes: 1. Los adolescentes y adultos jóvenes supervivientes de cáncer tienen necesidades específicas tales como recibir información y asesoramiento individualizado, cuidado a medida en la fase posterior al tratamiento, ayuda psicológica y apoyo social. 2. Las necesidades relacionadas con la fertilidad y la salud sexual, el mantenimiento de un estilo de vida saludable, el apoyo social y familiar y las relaciones con los compañeros rara vez se encuentran cubiertas. 3. El CES es una herramienta de evaluación fiable y válida para ser utilizada en gente joven, que puede ayudar a determinar la importancia de la centralidad del evento para el ajuste a la vivencia del cáncer.
The number of cancer survivors is growing. However, the side and late effects caused by cancer itself or by the cancer treatment may result in additional needs. Identifying what these needs are and developing specific guidelines about how they can be satisfied is important in order to guarantee a satisfactory quality of life in this population. This Thesis is related to this area of knowledge, and has three studies: a systematic review of the needs of AYAs (Study I), a Delphi study about the importance of these needs (Study II) and a validation of the Centrality of Event Scale (CES) for its use with Spanish-speaking youths (Study III). The main conclusions are the following: 1. AYA cancer survivors have specific needs such as receiving information and individualized counselling, tailored care in the post- treatment phase, and psychological help and social support. 2. Several of these needs are seldom met, mostly related to: fertility and sexual health, healthy lifestyle maintenance, social and family support, and peer relationships. 3. The CES is a reliable and valid assessment tool to be used with young people, which can help determine the importance of centrality to adjustment to cancer events.
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King, Heidi M. "Sexual functioning in breast cancer survivors." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001301.
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Waterfall, A. Christine. "Needs of caregivers of stroke survivors." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1246469.
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Stroke is a medical event that has serious consequences for the survivor, his family, and society. Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States, and two-thirds of stroke survivors are permanently disabled with one-half of these survivors considered severely impaired. The economic burden from stroke is estimated to be $30 billion annually in health care costs and lost productivity.This study described the needs of 35 caregivers of stroke survivors within 24 hours of discharge to home from an acute care "safety net" teaching hospital in Indiana and how well those needs were met. Two subscales, (a) the Need for Information and (b) Patient Care Needs, of the Home Caregiver Need Survey were used. The theoretical framework for this study was the Neuman Systems Model.The stroke survivors were over 50 years old (77.1 %), half were African-American and half were Caucasian, and about a quarter were minimally impaired (25.8%) and less than a quarter were very impaired (22.9%) cognitively and/or physically upon discharge to home. Their caregivers were their children (48.6%) or spouses (28.6%), half of whom worked full-time outside the home. Most (85.7%) caregivers were female, in good health, and with no experience (81.8%) in caring for patients at home.School of Nursing
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van, der Veen S. M. J. "Adaptability of gait in stroke survivors." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/48208/.
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Background: Stroke survivors fall more often, mostly due to stumbling and slipping; which may signify. These causes of falls are hypothesized to be caused by difficulty in controlling and adjusting foot placement in response to the environment. In healthy adults’ foot placement control is known to be influenced by balance control, available response time and executive function. All these factors are known to be affected by stroke; however, how these factors affect foot placement accuracy in stroke survivors is largely unknown. The overarching aim of this thesis is therefore to understand the role of these factors in the control of foot placement following stroke and by extension to better understand how foot-placement is controlled, the causes of stroke related impairments and potential reasons for falls. Methods/Results: Young (n=14) and older healthy adults (n=9) and stroke survivors (n=13) completed a series of experiments on a C-Mill (a force instrumented treadmill with visual projection of stepping targets) designed to assess the role of balance (study 1), response time (study 2) and executive function (study 3) on foot placement control in stroke survivors. Study 1 compared foot placement control in supported versus unsupported conditions; balance support reduced overall error while target stepping (main effect F (1,30)=18.141, p < 0.001), but mostly in stroke survivors. Study 2 compared foot placement control when targets could be seen in advance (planned) with targets appearing at midstance (reactive). Foot-placement error altered according to direction of step but not available response time, with significant increase in error (F (1,28) =6.013, p=0.021) when adjusting steps medio-laterally but decreased when adjusting steps anterio-posterially (F (1,28) = 5.932, p=0.021). Overall, stroke survivors missed about 10% of targets and undershot all targets while young healthy adults undershoot only lengthening steps. Study 3 evaluated the use of functional near-infrared spectrometry (fNIRS) to measure activation of prefrontal cortex activation (brain networks responsible for executive function) in target stepping conditions which can be expected to increase challenge to executive function. fNIRS showed high inter person variability and no systematic trends according to walking conditions. Conclusion: Stroke survivors miss about 1 in every 10 targets; in the real world this may lead to a fall. Balance support may generally help stroke survivors control foot-placement more accurately. However, the lack of difference in accuracy between reactive and pre-planned stepping indicates stroke survivors may respond to all foot-placement adaptations reactively (a “cluttered terrain strategy”). This ‘cluttered terrain strategy’ is indicative of increased cognitive control, however the use of fNIRS needs development to robustly be assess this during walking.
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Walker, Jayne Lizbeth. "A study of male rape survivors." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2004. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/8726/.
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There appears to be appreciable literature on the sexual assault of boys, adult male survivors of childhood sexual assault and male rape in prison. However, where the victim is an adult male who has been raped in a community setting, there is little information. Study 1 investigated the nature and circumstances of such assaults and determined whether men who have been raped as adults differ significantly in their psychological adjustment from a well-matched control sample. Forty male rape victims were asked to complete a background questionnaire involving demographic and descriptive information such as the nature and circumstances of the assault and the long-term psychological effects on the victims. The long-term impact on the victim was assessed by comparing scores on established questionnaires (which researchers had previously used with other types of victims) with those from a well-matched control group. Study 1 indicated that the sexual assault of men by men has similarities to female rape in terms of assault characteristics and subsequent psychological sequalae. However, problems unique to male rape victims were a perceived loss of masculinity and confusion over sexual orientation. Most victims reported suffering from intrusive re-experiencing of the rape. Accordingly the majority consciously recognised avoidance of certain ideas, feelings and situations. Compared to the control group, victims displayed significantly more somatic and affective symptoms, significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression. Victims also displayed significantly lower levels of self-esteem and saw themselves as less positive and more unlucky than the control group. The impact of adult male rape can be explained by the conceptual models of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Horowitz, 1979) and Assumptive Worlds (Janoff-Bulman, 1985). Results were discussed in relation to previous research and differences and similarities between male and female victims are identified. Study 2 explored the rape scripts of a sample of a 100 university students who were asked to write about a 'typical' rape where the perpetrator was male and the victim was either female or male. The scripts were coded on common dimensions and male rape and female rape scripts compared. Male rape scripts were also compared with the accounts from the male rape victims in Study 1. Study 2 found that male and female respondents' depictions of a male to female and a male to male rape did not dramatically differ. The majority of both male and female respondents depicted a 'typical' rape regardless of the gender of the victim, to be a stereotypical 'stranger' rape. The results further revealed that the respondents' scripts were not entirely realistic when compared to the first hand account from the victims. In contrast to the depicted 'stranger' rape, the vast majority of victims were raped by an acquaintance. Theoretical implications, limitations of the studies and future research were considered.
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Tshume, Nobom. "Resilience in childhood sexual abuse survivors." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50438.
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Thesis (MA) -- Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study will review the literature on resilience in adult female childhood sexual abuse survivors with specific focus on incestuous abuse. Adults with histories of sexual abuse are categorised as either resilient or non-resilient on the basis of current functioning. Characteristics of the family of origin and its perceived contribution to the child sexual abuse are discussed. The developmental psychopathology literature addressing issues of resilience and vulnerability to stresses is addressed. The theoretical concepts of resilience, as they relate to protective mechanisms are discussed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsingstuk bied 'n oorsig oor die literatuur met betrekking tot die herstelvermoe van volwasse vroulike persone wat as kinders seksueel mishandel is, met besondere klem op bloedskandelike mishandeling. Volwassenes met 'n geskiedenis van seksuele mishandeling word op grond van hulle huidige funksionering beskryf as Of in staat om te herstel of nie daartoe in staat nie. Kenmerke van die gesin van oorsprong en die waargenome bydrae van die gesin tot die seksuele mishandeling van kinders word bespreek. Die literatuur met betrekking tot ontwikkelingsgerigte psigopatologie gee aandag aan vraagstukke met betrekking tot herstelvermoe en kwesbaarheid teen die agtergrond van stres. Die teoretiese konsepte van herstelvermoe, en die verband daarvan met beskermende meganismes, word ook bespreek.
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Dyeshana, Hermina Manjekana. "Spiritual needs of sexual assault survivors." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2946.
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Van, Male Lynn M. "Autonomic characteristics of sexual trauma survivors /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988705.
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Fu, Mei R. "Managing lymphedema in breast cancer survivors." Free to MU campus, others may purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umc.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3101019.
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Buhagiar, Jonathan Paul Marek. "Psychiatric survivors and narratives of activism." Thesis, University of East London, 2013. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3479/.
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Despite there being a substantial history of survivors challenging psychiatry, there has been little attention paid to the lives of these individuals. The literature has primarily focussed upon ‘recovery’ and the development of typologies of emotional distress. Whilst the focus upon people’s individual experience is to be welcomed, the literature has tended to background the causes to which survivors have committed part of their lives. The aim of this study was to explore the ‘journeys’ of survivors into activism to challenge psychiatry. The project drew upon a social constructionist epistemology and narrative theory. Nine interviews were conducted with survivors with a history of involvement in activism. A dialogic/performative analysis was used to explore issues of identity construction amongst the participants. The analysis is presented as ‘case studies’ in order to try to capture the complexity of each person’s narrative. The discussion section then brings each of these narratives together. It is argued that the participants’ narratives shared common characteristics and reflected the narratives of the collective of which participants were a part, the wider survivor movement as well as dominant societal narratives. However, the way in which participants drew upon these narratives differed both within and across the accounts. Variations were apparent regarding the ways in which participants’ narratives contested psychiatry. A personal and moral construction of activism featured heavily, with participants positioning themselves as both individuals with experience of the psychiatric system and as citizens. This project highlights the need for understandings which take into account the complexity of people’s lives, and their wider collective and social context. Recommendations include raising awareness about survivor groups/networks without co-opting their practices. Furthermore, this study attests to the need to take up issues of power and inequality, and their impact on people’s lives, in research and clinical practice.
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Thwala, Girly. "Spiritual healing experiences of rape survivors." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1474.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Community Psychology in the Department of Psychology at the University Of Zululand, South Africa, 2015The incidence of rape in South Africa is high. A total of 50 481 rape cases were reported in 2010. Rape trauma is exacerbated by the fact that the country has a limited number of professionally trained therapists to attend to survivors. Most survivors end up looking for assistance from their churches, and therefore claim to be healed spiritually. This study was conducted in the Nkangala district of South Africa because of the high incidence of reported rape cases. While it is estimated that one woman is raped in every five minutes in this district, there are only three psychologists employed by the government to attend to a population of 1 020 592. As a result of the scarcity of health care professionals, survivors end up looking for assistance from their churches. South Africa is a country in which spirituality is clearly important. Seventy five percent of the population claim to be Christian and twenty percent claim allegiance to other religions In-depth interviews were conducted with eight female rape survivors between the ages of 18 and 40yrs, who considered themselves to have experienced spiritual healing. Content analysis indicated that spiritual healing approximated psychotherapeutic interventions in the provision of unconditional positive regard, empathy, congregational support and respect. Survivors strongly believed that their healing occurred as a result of prayer, reading Holy Scriptures, church support and spiritual guidance, which gave them strength to forgive perpetrators and move on with their lives.
Department of Health Mpumalanga Province
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Harrison, Sheree. "Physical activity among breast cancer survivors." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16617/1/Sheree_Harrison_Thesis.pdf.
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In Australia, women with breast cancer comprise one of the largest groups of cancer survivors. As a consequence of this, and improved survival rates, the interest in programs to enhance the recovery of cancer survivors is growing. Exercise during and after treatment has been identified as a potential strategy to assist women throughout their treatment and positively influence the recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of breast cancer survivors. Through the use of an existing data source, this study investigated physical activity rates, explored the factors associated with low levels of physical activity participation, and assessed the relationship between levels of activity and HRQoL among women diagnosed with breast cancer. The population-based sample, obtained in 2002 was comprised of 287 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, residing in South-East Queensland. Women were followed-up (via subjective questionnaire and objective physical testing) every three months over a 12-month period, from six months post-diagnosis. Physical activity was assessed using the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) while HRQoL was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for breast cancer (FACTB+4). Based on National Physical Activity Guidelines, women were categorised as being sufficiently active, insufficiently active or sedentary at each of the five testing phases (specifically at 6-, 9-, 12-, 15- and 18-months post-diagnosis). Rates of participation in physical activity were relatively stable over the testing period. At 18 months post-diagnosis, 44%, 43% and 13% of women, respectively, were categorised as being sufficiently active, insufficiently active or sedentary. The sedentary or insufficiently active women were more likely to be older, obese or overweight, lack private health insurance, and have received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, compared with sufficiently active women. Sedentary women consistently reported a lower HRQoL compared to active women (sufficiently or insufficiently active) over the 12-month testing period. This was especially apparent amongst the group of younger women (aged less than 50 years at diagnosis) (p=0.02). This work is among the first to explore physical activity rates specifically among Australian breast cancer survivors, and highlights the potential importance of participating in physical activity to optimise HRQoL during recovery from breast cancer. Specific attention to promote physical activity to the identified group of sedentary and insufficiently active survivors is of particular importance.
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Harrison, Sheree. "Physical activity among breast cancer survivors." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16617/.
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In Australia, women with breast cancer comprise one of the largest groups of cancer survivors. As a consequence of this, and improved survival rates, the interest in programs to enhance the recovery of cancer survivors is growing. Exercise during and after treatment has been identified as a potential strategy to assist women throughout their treatment and positively influence the recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of breast cancer survivors. Through the use of an existing data source, this study investigated physical activity rates, explored the factors associated with low levels of physical activity participation, and assessed the relationship between levels of activity and HRQoL among women diagnosed with breast cancer. The population-based sample, obtained in 2002 was comprised of 287 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, residing in South-East Queensland. Women were followed-up (via subjective questionnaire and objective physical testing) every three months over a 12-month period, from six months post-diagnosis. Physical activity was assessed using the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) while HRQoL was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for breast cancer (FACTB+4). Based on National Physical Activity Guidelines, women were categorised as being sufficiently active, insufficiently active or sedentary at each of the five testing phases (specifically at 6-, 9-, 12-, 15- and 18-months post-diagnosis). Rates of participation in physical activity were relatively stable over the testing period. At 18 months post-diagnosis, 44%, 43% and 13% of women, respectively, were categorised as being sufficiently active, insufficiently active or sedentary. The sedentary or insufficiently active women were more likely to be older, obese or overweight, lack private health insurance, and have received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, compared with sufficiently active women. Sedentary women consistently reported a lower HRQoL compared to active women (sufficiently or insufficiently active) over the 12-month testing period. This was especially apparent amongst the group of younger women (aged less than 50 years at diagnosis) (p=0.02). This work is among the first to explore physical activity rates specifically among Australian breast cancer survivors, and highlights the potential importance of participating in physical activity to optimise HRQoL during recovery from breast cancer. Specific attention to promote physical activity to the identified group of sedentary and insufficiently active survivors is of particular importance.
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Lerner, Bernice. "Transcending terror: a study of Holocaust survivors' lives." Thesis, Boston University, 2001. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/33506.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
Transcending Terror is a study of eight Holocaust survivors who earned advanced degrees and became professors. As Jews trapped in Nazi-occupied Europe from 1939 to 1945 they endured terror and, in many cases, torture. For each, the postwar adaptation to normality included studying a subject that interested him or her, and which afforded a means of interpreting the world. Each narrative chapter describes the social background and circumstances that partly shaped a survivor's destiny. Also portrayed are the ind ividual's particular characteristics, perspectives, predilections, and aspirations. Michael Klein, from Janoshalma, Hungary, encountered Auschwitz at age fifteen. After the war, with great effort, he became a physicist. Jerzy Ogurek, from Upper Silesia, Poland, was ten when torn from his parents in Auschwitz. With time he settled into a "normal" life, also becoming a physicist. Ruth Anna Putnam was a half-Jewish German girl who lived with her non-Jewish grandparents, in Gotha. She eventually became a philosopher. Samuel Stern spent his early childhood in Ravensbruck and Bergen-Belsen. Later educated in the United States, he became a biologist. Zvi Griliches, from Kovno, Lithuania, survived a Dachau subsidiary camp. He achieved prominence as an economist. Maurice Vanderpol spent years in hiding, in Amsterdam. He resumed medical school after the war, becoming a psychiatrist. Halina Nelken grew up in Krakow, survived Auschwitz, and fulfilled her dream of becoming an art historian. Farmers in Le Chambon-sur-Lignon, France, sheltered Micheline Federman, then a young child from Paris. Micheline loved science, and became a pathologist. I analyzed data gathered in conversations, through observation, and from relevant writings, and arrived at a plausible set of conclusions. Knowledge of the breadth of human capacities and of evil may have contributed to these thoughtful individuals' ethical stance; to their belief in the unique dignity of humanness and to their commitment to engage in activities that benefit humankind. In accepting responsibility and in exercising personal choice, these survivors gave their lives meaning. The survivor, psychiatrist, and philosopher Viktor Frankl explored the human potential to realize such positive values. His work serves as a sensitizing and conceptual framework for this qualitative study.
2031-01-01
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Gless, Kathleen M. E. "A critique of testimonies and an art of surviving Rwandanese genocidal rape survivors, incest and stranger rape survivors /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3064.
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Thesis (M.A.)--George Mason University, 2008.Vita: p. 142. Thesis director: Debra Bergoffen. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 3, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-141). Also issued in print.
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Auslander, Gary. "The experience of grandchildren of holocaust suvivors." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1995. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/auslander_1995.pdf.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work , 1995.A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
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Moultrie, Alison. "Indigenous trauma volunteers : survivors with a mission /." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/150/.
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Thesis (M. Soc. Sc. (Psychology))--Rhodes University, 2005."Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Science (Clinical Psychology)" -T.p.
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Diler, Melike. "The Survivors: Roma University Students In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610184/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
THE SURVIVORS: ROMA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN TURKEY
Diler, Melike
M.Sc., Department of Sociology
Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. AySe Gündü
z HoSgö
r December 2008, 147 pages This study has two aims regarding the Roma university students in Turkey. First, it attempts to discover the characteristics of their life courses in order to identify the success factors paving the way for their participation in higher education, specifically when the low education level of the Roma people, including even their own families, is concerned. Therefore, their socio-economic environment, early childhood years and school experiences are focused and analyzed respectively to expose the actors and processes making their life stories appear as success stories. Second, it aims to expose whether there are differences between the ones involved in the Roma Rights Movement and the ones not involved in terms of their ethnic identity status. That is, most of the better-off Roma, previously, preferred hiding their ethnic identity not to be excluded from participation in social, economic and political spheres. However, the Roma university students participating in the Roma Rights Movement refuse to hide their identity as they do not want to be assimilated, but integrated into the majority society. That point has a first-rate importance, as the low educational level of the Roma people, especially that of the Roma children, are closely associated with the lack of positive role models showing them how and what education pays off. On the basis of the conclusions drawn from the data analysis collected through in-depth interviews, it is exposed that these Roma youngsters demonstrate high levels of agency for their own social inclusion through education. Although they are all supported by their families
most of their Roma school peers dropped out of either primary or high school due to poverty and discriminative attitudes of their teachers and school administrators. The stigma of inferiority attached to the Roma is so strong that the survivors, who manage to attend the high school, hide their ethnic identity from this point onwards. Therefore, the demand of the Roma university students, participating in Roma Rights Movement, for integration into the majority society appears as an exceptional case among the well-educated Roma, but making them the pioneers of a new Roma identity in Turkey: Roma intelligentsia.
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Kitta, Andrea. "Narratives of Cancer Survivors in Religious Life." TopSCHOLAR®, 2003. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/606.
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Narratives of Cancer Survivors in Religions Life is a careful consideration of the narratives of cancer survivors, specifically those in Catholic religious life. Through the use of interviews and secondary sources, the author addresses such issues as relationship with God, stigmatization, community life, Parson's Sick Role, and labeling theories. This thesis also considers the perceived audience during the performance of narratives, specifically, if cancer survivors in religious life perceive God to be a part of their audience and looks at the structure of narratives concerning cancer survivorship.
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Fairbanks, Wendy. "Psychological transformation in survivors of terminal cancer." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29682.
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The purpose of this study was to understand the meaning of transformation in surviving terminal cancer. An existential-phenomenological approach was used to interview five participants who had lived at least five years beyond the diagnosis of widely metastatic or terminal cancer.
Review of the literature which addressed the issue of transformation suggested that life-threatening illness is an opportunity for growth. There are many cross-cultural accounts of transformation, and many studies of survivorship qualities, but little research into the transformation process as it is experienced by cancer survivors.
Participants told the story of their recovery from cancer and how it changed their lives. Cochran's (1986) dramaturgical approach provided the model for capturing the meaning of this experience in story form. Each interview lasted from 2½to 5 hours. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Analysis of the interviews followed Colaizzi's (1978) method. Significant statements were extracted from the protocols, themes were formulated, and a description of the experience was written. Other sources of data were used in addition to interviews. An autobiography and a series of articles were collected from two participants. This written material was analyzed in the same way as the interviews. The experience of the researcher also served as data, and was analyzed through reflective and descriptive methods. Conducting interviews, soliciting written descriptions and including the researcher's experience allowed the data to be more broadly supported.
Results of the study were validated by the participants in a second interview. They confirmed that the 38 themes and the common pattern of transformation derived from the five participants accurately reflected their own experience.
The results indicated that psychological transformation in survivors of terminal cancer is a spiritual journey. In allowing a life-threatening disease to become an opportunity for personal awareness and growth, people can transform their illness into a spiritual teaching. Serious illness can teach people about the meaning of life., and give their own lives purpose and direction. Through this affirmation of life, and by following their purpose and path, healing can occur. This healing not only moves people toward wholeness, but it holds the potential for transforming and healing the problems of others.
This pattern of transformation has practical implications for the nature of support useful for people experiencing a health crisis, and has implications for the designing of effective psychosocial support for cancer patients.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Thomson, Angela B. "Male fertility in survivors of childhood cancer." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27532.
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The successful treatment of childhood cancer with chemotherapy and radiotherapy may be associated with testicular damage resulting in impaired spermatogenesis and temporary or permanent infertility in adulthood. In this study testicular function and semen quality was investigated in 33 survivors of childhood cancer. Treatment of childhood cancer was associated with a significant risk of impaired spermatogenesis, with 30.3% of this population being azoospermic and 18.2% being oligozoospermic. Moreover, in those men who do have surviving spermatogenesis after treatment, it is commonly compromised, with reductions being observed in ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility and the proportion of morphologically normal sperm. Only 33.3% of this group of 33 male childhood cancer survivors had completely normal semen quality by conventional criteria. However, the sperm produced do not appear to carry a greater burden of damaged DNA compared with the healthy population, suggesting that assisted conception treatment is a safe option for these men. Detection of gonadal damage in the prepubertal male is hampered by lack of a sensitive marker. The role of inhibin B as a marker of early gonadotoxic effects of chemotherapy in prepubertal children treated for cancer was investigated. In prepubertal boys, chemotherapy had little immediate effect on Sertoli cell production of inhibin B during and immediately after treatment stopped, although one boy showed a delayed deleterious effect. Inhibin B changed earlier and appeared to be a more sensitive marker of gonadal damage than FSH or LH. Prospective studies are underway combining inhibin B with FSH, LH and sex hormone measurements, to assess the impact of cancer therapy on gonadal function in children, particularly as they approach and progress through puberty. For prepubertal boys fertility preservation through semen cryopreservation is not an option and consequently, attention is focusing on the development of techniques that might preserve or restore fertility potential in boys being subjected to gonadotoxic cancer therapy. In rats, it has been shown that some germ cells survive cytotoxic therapy and that the resulting azoospermia is a consequence of the inability of those spermatogonia that are present to proliferate and differentiate. Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (H-P-G) axis facilitates recovery of spermatogenesis following such cytotoxic treatment. Investigation of whether suppression of the H-PG axis in men rendered azoospermic by treatment for childhood cancer might restore spermatogenesis was undertaken, using both semen analysis and testicular biopsy as end points. In men treated with sterilising radiotherapy and chemotherapy for childhood cancer, effective gonadotrophin suppression with medroxyprogesterone acetate for at least 3 months did not result in restoration of spermatogenesis. The absence of histological evidence of spermatogonial stem cells in testicular biopsies from these men before and after suppression suggests complete ablation of the germinal epithelium and irreversible infertility. Understanding the vulnerability of the prepubertal human testis to cytotoxic damage is compounded by the dearth of data describing normal testicular development in the prepubertal human. Based on immunohistochemical studies in marmosets, a primate that exhibits a similar developmental profile to the human male, it has been shown that significant testicular development occurs during childhood long before the clinical onset of puberty. If we can establish that cell activity does occur in the 'quiescent' testis in boys and is comparable to changes shown in the marmoset, it will validate use of the marmoset as a model for the human in this instance and give encouragement to the possibility of using this primate model to develop a method of protecting spermatogenesis in boys undergoing cancer therapy prior to puberty. Preliminary studies to investigate the development of the prepubertal human testis confirmed testicular cell activity in the foetal and neonatal periods and infancy comparable to that shown in the marmoset. However, to date development during mid childhood and early puberty has proved to be somewhat discordant with the marmoset studies. It is too premature to definitively conclude that marmoset and human testicular development are dissimilar, as a number of explanations have been proffered to explain the discrepancies, including suboptimal tissue fixation and antigen preservation in the human tissues.
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Campbell, Patricia. "Couple therapy with survivors and their partners." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq23242.pdf.
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Loewen, Lydia. "Boundary development in survivors, a group intervention." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/MQ32168.pdf.
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Baum, Susan. "Holocaust survivors : successful lifelong coping after trauma." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0020/NQ46316.pdf.
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Kenney, James Scott. "Coping with grief, survivors of murder victims." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0028/NQ50994.pdf.
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Kenney, James Scott. "Coping with grief : survivors of murder victims /." *McMaster only, 1998.
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Shepherd, Nicole. "Suicide survivors and the reactive suicide phenomenon." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99563.
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A mail survey was conducted with 49 suicide survivors from 13 different suicide support groups across Canada. Participants were asked about their experiences of grieving a suicide and if the suicide was part of a cluster. Quantitative and qualitative research methodology was used in the coding and analysis of the data. A theory diagram was devised to test four hypotheses. Results of the regression analyses contradicted one hypothesis: showing that an increase in coping mechanisms may heighten levels of grief for a suicide survivor. The number of possible suicide linkages was highly significant with 5 of the 49 participants answering positively when asked if the suicide they were grieving was part of a cluster. Suicide bereavement groups were consistently rated as beneficial or very beneficial by participants. Lastly, content analysis of the open-ended questions showed a common experience of stigma associated with a suicidal death for survivors.
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Zang, Yinyin. "Developing effective narrative interventions for earthquake survivors." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13370/.
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Disasters are events that challenge both the social and individual ability to adapt, carrying the risk of adverse mental health outcomes. High prevalence rates of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression have been found after disasters among affected adults and children, and PTSD is the most distinct and common disorder. However, the challenge of providing sufficient numbers of mental health professionals is the most critical issue facing health-care systems throughout the world, and especially in developing countries. The 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China had enormous destructive power and affected millions of people. Given the large number of people involved – and the shortage of resources in any major disaster – brief, pragmatic, and easily trainable interventions are needed for both adult and child survivors. In the context of the Sichuan earthquake, this thesis describes a research work aimed at: (1) investigating the extent and nature of earthquake-related distress and positive change experienced by the targeted survivor population, and exploring the factors that predict these distresses and changes, (2) examining the effectiveness of narrative exposure therapy (NET) in adult survivors, and (3) examining the effectiveness of written narrative strategies for child survivors in the school setting. To achieve these aims, a cross-sectional survey (N=120) was conducted to explore the psychological morbidities, risk, and protective factors as well as predictive models of PTSD and positive change at 1.5 years after the Sichuan earthquake. It highlights the mental health problems after the earthquake, and provides the background information for the subsequent intervention studies. Sequentially, effectiveness of the narrative exposure therapy was assessed within Chinese adult survivors and modified appropriately via two RCT studies using waiting list control. In the NET-1 study, 22 survivors with diagnosed PTSD were recruited and received the NET treatment. The results supported the effectiveness of NET for treating Chinese earthquake survivors. In the NET-2 study, NET was adapted according to the feedback and practical implications from the NET-1 study. Thirty participants with newly diagnosed PTSD were recruited. Twenty of them were treated by the NET-R, and the other 10 participants were treated by the original NET. The revised NET showed a similar intervention effect to the original NET in reducing PTSD symptoms anxiety, depression, general distress, and negative change, and promoting positive change following adversity. In the child intervention studies, a short, inexpensive and easily applied written narrative intervention called Guided Narrative Techniques (GNT) was developed and evaluated with traumatised children in the school setting through two studies. The first study was conducted with 108 sixth grade children (11-12-years old) from three classes in a single primary school, in the earthquake area. Two classes were randomly assigned to the GNT group, and one class was assigned to the expressive writing group that was given simple verbal instruction. The results indicated that if the writing instructions of the programme were fully followed through by the children, GNT might function better on reducing the posttraumatic symptoms than the expressive writing in a short time. However, a low level of writing adherence was reported, indicating that written narrative strategies may not be suitable for traumatised early adolescents. In the second child study, the GNT protocol was improved to enhance the writing adherence of children. Eighty-two Chinese fourth grade children (9-10-years-old) from three classes were recruited as participants in the writing programme. One class was randomly assigned to the GNT group; one class was assigned to the GNT condition with encouragement (GNTE group); and one class was assigned to the control group with mixed expressive writing and painting (MEWP) without specific guidelines. The results indicated that all three written narrative strategies appeared to be efficient concerning post-disaster resilience for Chinese school children. The GNTE showed most rapid, stable and extensive effects, indicating its advantages over the other two conditions. The research provides evidence for the applicability and effectiveness of narrative interventions in the Chinese earthquake survivor population. It attempted to facilitate the wider dissemination of psychological interventions to promote recovery from traumatic stress after major disasters. The findings help advance current knowledge in the management of PTSD after natural disasters in developing areas, contribute to the validation of PTSD theories, and inform future research.
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Pistorio, Jaclyn M. P. "Mental health professionals' attitudes toward rape survivors." Thesis, Adler School of Professional Psychology, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3664152.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to examine licensed mental health professionals' attitudes towards rape survivors. Research indicates that the attitudes of police officers, mental health professionals, and the general public may influence the psychological adjustment of rape survivors and, consequently, whether or not that person seeks mental health treatment after the assault (Vincent, 2009). The negative impacts of rape on a person may not be specific only to the act of violence, but may also include secondary victimization from the survivors' negative experiences with authorities such as legal and mental health professionals (Campbell & Raja, 1999) who may hold negative beliefs about sexual assault and rape survivors (Nagel, Matsuo, McIntyre, & Morrison, 2005). Exposure to these negative beliefs held by others may be associated with negative secondary emotions in the survivor, such as guilt; guilt associated with actions taken or not taken in the context of rape has been observed to be positively correlated with posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, low self-esteem, social anxiety, and suicidal ideation (Kubany, Abueg, Owens, Brennan, Kaplan, & Watson, 1995). It is therefore important to examine the attitudes licensed mental health workers hold towards rape survivors, as these rape survivors may seek services from mental health professionals, and the clinicians' attitudes towards these clients' experiences may significantly impact survivors' recovery from a sexual assault. In addition to measuring the acceptance of rape myths in licensed mental health providers, this study aims to explore how demographic variables in mental health professionals, such as gender, type of graduate degree, or participant rape survivor status, are related to the attitudes participants report about sexual assault. It was hypothesized that male study participants would attribute greater responsibility to survivors than female study participants would, based on the results of the updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale, and congruent with published research highlighting this gender difference (Grubb & Harrower, 2009). It was hypothesized that mental health providers who have had more years of training in their graduate degree program would report lower levels of rape myth acceptance compared with those who had a shorter degree program. It was also hypothesized that participants who themselves identified as a rape survivor or who had a close friend or family member who is a survivor would attribute less responsibility to rape survivors, as research supports the observation that those who identify as survivors or friends of survivors may reject negative biases towards sexual assault survivors.
After completing both independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U statistical analyses, gender identity was the only demographic for which statistically significant mean differences were seen in total rape myth acceptance scores (p = .012). This finding is not surprising, as much of the current literature supports that men, in general, attribute more blame to rape survivors than women. Prior to the current study there was no published research using licensed mental health providers as participants in a study using the updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. Data gathered from the current study will therefore offer a valuable contribution to the literature on this topic. Further, it is hoped that this data can be used in the development of graduate programs, continuing education courses, and didactic seminars that debunk rape myths and promote competency around rape survivor issues.
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Zhang, Yang. "Late effects among young adult cancer survivors." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45955.
Full textAbstract:
Background and objective: Long term young adult cancer survivors (YACS) can face serious life-threatening complications in multiple organ systems, and these may become more clinically significant with aging. However, there have been limited attempts to understand the risk of late-effects in this group. Therefore, this thesis aimed: to measure the overall and cause-specific risks of late effects among YACS, including late mortality, SMN and late morbidity leading to hospitalization; to identify the characteristics influence these risks; and to examine YACS’ willingness in participating late effects studies in the future.
Methods: The first three studies used data collected from Childhood Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivor (CAYACS) research program, an ongoing retrospective cohort study. In the fourth study, YACS were surveyed regarding their willingness to participate in late effects studies in the future. Cox proportional hazard regression and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between outcomes (late effects and willingness of participation) and key socio-demographic, clinical-related factors, including the primary cancer diagnosis.
Results: YACS showed increased risks of mortality, SMN and late morbidity leading to hospitalization compared with the general population. The diagnosis of the primary cancer had a significant impact on survivors’ mortality and SMN. The highest risk of mortality was observed among central nervous system (CNS) tumor survivors, whereas the highest risk of SMN were seen in survivors of lymphoma. The risk of late morbidity were higher among survivors receiving all three treatment modalities, including chemotherapy, RT and surgery. The survey study found that a large majority of the respondents were always willing to participate future genetic studies. Study methods, study sponsorship, and health concerns affected subjects’ willingness to some degree. Ethnicity and income were independently associated with willingness to participate.
Conclusion: This research identifies the late effects among YACS and the feasibility of conducting late effects studies in the future. Evidence from this work points to the importance of careful monitoring for these late health problems which could reduce the overall late effects and to the need to develop effective clinical programs and guidelines to meet the needs of this population.
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Absolom, Kate L. "Follow-up for survivors of childhood cancer." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425627.
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McConnell, Nigel Cyril. "Neurobehavioural outcome for survivors of domestic fire." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435484.
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