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Collins, Alison Marie. "A Study of the Lawsonia intracellularis-induced porcine proliferative enteropathies." University of Sydney. Veterinary Science, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/835.
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The porcine proliferative enteropathies (PPE) are a group of diseases ranging from intestinal adenomatosis (PIA), a chronic condition causing reduced growth rates in post weaning pigs, to the often fatal proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy (PHE), resulting in intestinal haemorrhage. PHE predominantly occurs in older and heavier pigs than the chronic disease PIA. This thesis examined whether the age when susceptible pigs are infected affects the clinical response to L.intracellularis infection. The characteristic pathologic lesion of PPE is the abnormal proliferation of crypt epithelial cells in the ileum and colon. Closely associated with this proliferation is the presence of an obligately intracellular bacterium, Lawsonia intracellularis. Characterisation of L.intracellularis was performed in in-vitro co-cultures of L.intracellularis extracted from PHE-affected mucosa. The efficacy of antimicrobials to inhibit the growth of L.intracellularis in-vitro was evaluated and compared with isolates cultured in the United Kingdom. The results were analysed with respect to medication strategies currently used to control PPE in piggeries. PPE occurs in virtually all piggery management systems, including newly developed systems that are aimed at improving the herd health, such as segregated early weaning and multiple site production. PPE is currently controlled in Australia with the routine addition of antimicrobials in pig feed, in particular olaquindox. Recommendations to reduce the use of feed-based antibiotics in Australia require the development of alternate strategies to control diseases such as PPE. Sequential outbreaks of PHE reported in minimal disease herds suggested that pigs could develop immunity to disease. An experimental model of L.intracellularis infection was developed in this thesis to demonstrate that immunity to re-infection with L.intracellularis could be developed. Infection was monitored by detection of faecal shedding of L.intracellularis and serum IgG antibodies against L.intracellularis. Two in-feed antimicrobial strategies were analysed in this thesis for their ability to induce the development of immunity to L.intracellularis, while avoiding clinical signs of disease. The first strategy evaluated the use of low levels of in-feed antimicrobials to allow subclinical infection and the development of immunity. The second strategy evaluated the use of high levels of in-feed antimicrobials to terminate infection two weeks after exposure to L.intracellularis. Gaining a greater understanding of how L.intracellularis infection is spread both within and between piggeries will enable the development of management strategies to control the spread of infection. This thesis examined the possibility that other species in contact with pigs and piggeries such as rats, mice and birds may transmit infection to pigs. The transmission of infection between pigs via the faecal/oral route was also examined, as was the survival and infectivity of L.intracellularis over time. Ultimately this thesis aimed to understand the pattern of L.intracellularis infection and the survival and transmission of L.intracellularis in order to develop effective control measures for PPE, especially in minimal disease herds.
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Collins, Alison Marie. "A Study of the Lawsonia intracellularis-induced porcine proliferative enteropathies." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/835.
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The porcine proliferative enteropathies (PPE) are a group of diseases ranging from intestinal adenomatosis (PIA), a chronic condition causing reduced growth rates in post weaning pigs, to the often fatal proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy (PHE), resulting in intestinal haemorrhage. PHE predominantly occurs in older and heavier pigs than the chronic disease PIA. This thesis examined whether the age when susceptible pigs are infected affects the clinical response to L.intracellularis infection. The characteristic pathologic lesion of PPE is the abnormal proliferation of crypt epithelial cells in the ileum and colon. Closely associated with this proliferation is the presence of an obligately intracellular bacterium, Lawsonia intracellularis. Characterisation of L.intracellularis was performed in in-vitro co-cultures of L.intracellularis extracted from PHE-affected mucosa. The efficacy of antimicrobials to inhibit the growth of L.intracellularis in-vitro was evaluated and compared with isolates cultured in the United Kingdom. The results were analysed with respect to medication strategies currently used to control PPE in piggeries. PPE occurs in virtually all piggery management systems, including newly developed systems that are aimed at improving the herd health, such as segregated early weaning and multiple site production. PPE is currently controlled in Australia with the routine addition of antimicrobials in pig feed, in particular olaquindox. Recommendations to reduce the use of feed-based antibiotics in Australia require the development of alternate strategies to control diseases such as PPE. Sequential outbreaks of PHE reported in minimal disease herds suggested that pigs could develop immunity to disease. An experimental model of L.intracellularis infection was developed in this thesis to demonstrate that immunity to re-infection with L.intracellularis could be developed. Infection was monitored by detection of faecal shedding of L.intracellularis and serum IgG antibodies against L.intracellularis. Two in-feed antimicrobial strategies were analysed in this thesis for their ability to induce the development of immunity to L.intracellularis, while avoiding clinical signs of disease. The first strategy evaluated the use of low levels of in-feed antimicrobials to allow subclinical infection and the development of immunity. The second strategy evaluated the use of high levels of in-feed antimicrobials to terminate infection two weeks after exposure to L.intracellularis. Gaining a greater understanding of how L.intracellularis infection is spread both within and between piggeries will enable the development of management strategies to control the spread of infection. This thesis examined the possibility that other species in contact with pigs and piggeries such as rats, mice and birds may transmit infection to pigs. The transmission of infection between pigs via the faecal/oral route was also examined, as was the survival and infectivity of L.intracellularis over time. Ultimately this thesis aimed to understand the pattern of L.intracellularis infection and the survival and transmission of L.intracellularis in order to develop effective control measures for PPE, especially in minimal disease herds.
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Gomes, Nogueira Mariana. "Immunity of lawsonia intracellularis vaccination in pigs." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10421.
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ABSTRACT – Mariana Gomes Nogueira Lawsonia intracellularis is the causative agent of proliferative enteropathy (PE). PE is an important disease of weaner and grower pigs causing degrees of diarrhoea and negative effects on feed intake and weight gain. In-feed antibiotics are routinely used to control PE disease outbreaks. However, increasing restrictions to antibiotic use is being implemented in various pig producing countries. Therefore, alternatives to improve resistance while promoting growth performance are ideal. To limit the establishment of infection and increase profitability of pig production, disease prevention needs both nutritional and immunological strategies and well as effective sanitary measures. Since 2006, in the Australian market, a live attenuated Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine has been used to reduce clinical signs and PE lesions and reduce L. intracellularis shedding in faeces. However, the systemic and local immunological responses to a standard vaccine dose are poorly characterised. In the absence of proof that vaccinated pigs are protected from PE, veterinarians are unwilling to remove antibiotic medication for fear of acute haemorrhagic PE in adult pigs. Additionally, feeding strategies as alternatives to antibiotics, such as beta-glucan have been proposed as a possible option, but no study has investigated the effect of phytase on immune responses in growing pigs. The research in this thesis addresses studies to immune-based investigation of factors affecting the induction of immune responses following vaccination with L. intracellularis. Results revealed that the use of an oral standard and ten times dose of L. intracellularis vaccine protects pigs against PE disease by reducing lesions, shedding in faeces and clinical signs. However, intramuscular delivery also protected pigs against PE. Immunological responses to L. intracellularis vaccination, particularly IgG and cytokines response were observed after oral, intraperitoneal and intramuscular L. intracellularis vaccination. However these were highly variable, highlighting the difficulties in finding suitable biomarkers. The effect of adding S. cerevisae yeast beta-glucan and microbial phytase to weaner diet affected on mucosal and systemic L. intra
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Vu, Ngoc Quynh. "Studies on Lawsonia intracellularis infection in pigs." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28098.
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The porcine proliferative enteropathies (PPE) include a variety of pathological conditions commonly described as separate entities: these include proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy (PHE), necrotic enteritis (NE), regional ileitis (RI) and porcine intestinal adenomatosis (PIA). All of these pathological conditions are characterised by development of proliferation of the intestinal mucosa, particularly in the distal small intestine and proximal large intestine and the presence of curved, rod-shaped, intracellular bacteria, Lawsonia intracellularz‘s, in the apical cytoplasm of the epithelial cells. PPE can occur in all swine production systems and involve pigs of all age groups, however the more severe clinical from, PHE that causes higher mortality, predominantly affects adult pigs.
In the endemic herds, pigs can become infected with L. intracellularis at different time points and shed bacteria in their faeces. Although factors that may play a role in the transmission of L. intracellularis infection have not been identified, spreading of the infection between pigs through the ingestion of contaminated faeces is considered the most important mode of transmission. Using an oral challenge model, this thesis examined how the number of ingested L. intracellularz's could affect the establishment, temporal pattern of infection, clinical disease and immune response to the infection in pigs.
Susceptible pigs of all ages exposed to L. intracellularis develop infection and an immune response. They shed L. intracellularis in their faeces and, as the bacterium can not be grown in any artificial medium, the recent development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows the detection of a current infection with L. intracellularis in live pigs by detecting L. intracellularis DNA in the contaminated faeces. Development of immune response to L. intracellularis in infected pigs by production of specific immunoglobulins including IgG, IgM, and IgA in the serum can be detected by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). One of the aims of this thesis was to investigate the extent of the immunity to L. intracellularis in protecting previously exposed animals from re-infection.
In—feed administration of antibiotics is widely practiced in pig production to control many bacterial infections including L. intracellularis as well as for growth promotion. It is important to assess the effect of different groups of antibiotics at different concentrations on the disease pattern and on the development of immunity to re-infection in pigs. Optimising the selection and concentration of some antibacterials can help to reduce the amount and extent of drug use while maintaining a good health status of a pig herd and improving profitability of pig production.
As a part of this thesis, an investigation was conducted to determine if L. intracellularis existed in the system of commercial pig farms in the North of Vietnam. Some piggery management factors which may be associated with the occurrence of L. intracellularis infection in these pig herds were also identified and analyzed. The laboratory techniques developed in Australia such as faecal PCR and IFAT appeared to work well and to be useful as tools for diagnosis and survey of L. intracellularis under Vietnamese conditions.
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Nathues, Heiko. "Untersuchungen zur Ausscheidung von Lawsonia intracellularis mittels molekularbiologischer Untersuchungsverfahren." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=985342978.
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Mitchell, Suzanne Christina. "Immune responses in a mouse model of Lawsonia intracellularis infection." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29892.
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The aim of this thesis was to establish an infection system in the mouse and use this to examine the development of infection and lesions of proliferative enteropathy within the gastrointestinal tract. This mouse model was then used to assess the mucosal and serological responses generated by the host in response to inoculation with L. intracellularis. The infection system demonstrated that 129/Sv/Ev wild-type and isogenic interferon gamma receptor null (IFNγR-/-) mice developed characteristic lesions of proliferative enteropathy following oral challenge with a pure culture of L. intracellularis (approximately 5xl07 organisms). These were directly comparable to the lesions seen in natural disease with increased proliferation of infected enterocytes in the ileum and colon associated with the loss of goblet cells. Wild-type 129/Sv/Ev mice appeared capable of resolving or resisting infection with this obligate intracellular pathogen, with lesions of proliferative enteropathy detectable only at day 14 or 21 post inoculation, thereafter (days 28 and 35) there were none detectable. In comparison, IFNγR-/- mice were highly susceptible to disease and appeared unable to eliminate infection over the time course studied, indicating that a functional IFNγ receptor is necessary in the control of infection. This novel system is the first detailed description of proliferative enteropathy in mice and has demonstrated the usefulness of this model in the characterisation and analysis of important immunological events during infection with Lawsonia intracellularis.
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Collins, Alison Marie. "A study of the Lawsonia intracellularis-induced porcine proliferative enteropathies." Connect to full text, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/835.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2001.Includes tables. Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 22, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science. Degree awarded 2001; thesis submitted 2000. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
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Wenting, Sabine [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zur Prävalenz der Lawsonia intracellularis-Infektion bei Absetzferkeln / Sabine Wenting." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1037887735/34.
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Caleffo, Tatiane. "Frequência de Lawsonia intracellularis e rotavírus em equinos criados no oeste do Paraná." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47308.
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Orientadora : Profa. Dra. Aline de Marco ViottDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. Defesa: Palotina, 20/02/2017
Inclui referências : f. 64-73
Resumo: A diarreia é um sinal clínico comum a diversas doenças, sejam de origem bacteriana, viral, ou parasitária. O diagnóstico correto da causa se torna fundamental para o tratamento adequado de potros. A Lawsonia intracellularis é um patógeno muito estudado em suínos, porém nos equinos os primeiros relatos começaram a surgir na década de 1980, e ainda são poucos os casos relatados na literatura veterinária. O rotavírus vem sendo relatado na literatura como causador de diarreias em diversas espécies animais. Em potros, seu relato é atualmente escasso. Foi pesquisada a frequência de L. intracellularis e de rotavírus em equinos com idades entre um mês e cinco anos criados no oeste do estado do Paraná. Os equinos eram provenientes de 15 propriedades oriundos de cinco cidades da região oeste do Paraná. Dos animais utilizados no experimento, 80 (53,69%) eram fêmeas e 69 (46,31%) eram machos. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue e de fezes de 149 animais No exame sorológico de imunoperoxidase em monocamada de células (IPMC), 4,69% dos animais se apresentaram positivos, provenientes de seis propriedades distintas, dentre as 15 pesquisadas. Esses animais apresentavam idades entre seis meses e cinco anos, e títulos sorológicos de 1:60, 1:240 e 1:480. Para a pesquisa de rotavírus foi utilizada a eletroforese em gel de agarose. Não houveram animais positivos para a eliminação de partículas virais nas fezes. Palavras-chave: Enteropatia proliferativa equina; estudo de frequência; diarreia; cavalos.
Abstract: Diarrhea is a common clinical sign of several diseases, of bacterial, viral, or parasitic origin. Correct diagnosis of the cause is essential for proper treatment of foals. Lawsonia intracellularis is a very well know pathogen in swine, however, in foals the first reports dates on 1980, and since then rare cases were report in the veterinary literature. Rotavirus has been describe in the literature as causing diarrhea in several animals. In foals, rotavirus occurrence is currently scarce. The frequency of L. intracellularis and rotavirus was investigated in horses aged between one month and five years old raised in the western state of Paraná. The horses came from 15 farms from the five cities of western Paraná. Of animals used in this research, 80 (53.69%) were females and 69 (46.31%) were males. In serological test using immunoperoxidase performed on cell monolayers (IPMC), 4.69% of animals were positive totalizing six of fifteen farms analyzed. These animals had between six months and five years, and the serological titers varied of 1:60, 1: 240 and 1: 480. For an investigation of rotavirus agarose gel electrophoresis was perform. No one animal was positive for rotavirus in faeces. Key words: Equine proliferative enteropathy; Frequency study; diarrhea; Horses.
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Gomes, Cleise Ribeiro. "Detecção de Lawsonia intracellularis em aves comerciais através da reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-25052007-130622/.
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A Lawsonia intracellularis é uma bactéria intracelular obrigatória que causa Enterite Proliferativa em vários animais, como suínos, cervos, ratos, hamsters, cobaios, coelhos, ovinos, eqüinos, raposas, cães, furões, primatas não humanos, emas e avestruzes. Atualmente não há relatos da ocorrência do agente ou dos sinais clínicos de sua infecção em aves comerciais (Gallus gallus domesticus). O presente estudo reporta a detecção através da reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) de Lawsonia intracellularis em matrizes pesadas de diferentes idades provenientes de quatro linhagens de aves comerciais. Dentre os 100 suabes de fezes colhidos a partir de fragmentos intestinais, 34% foram positivos para a detecção do agente pela PCR. O agente foi encontrado com maior freqüência em aves de 80 semanas de idade apresentando ou não quadro diarréico. Os fragmentos intestinais das aves cujas fezes foram positivas para detecção de Lawsonia intracellularis foram submetidos ao exame histopatológico e na maioria das lesões analisadas foi observada enterite necrótica crônica proliferativa. Apesar das lesões serem sugestivas de infecção por Lawsonia intracellularis pela coloração de Warthin-Starry, a presença do patógeno no interior dos enterócitos ou células glandulares não foi observada. Esses resultados poderiam levar a novas pesquisas sobre a importância da Lawsonia intacellularis na avicultura do Brasil e do mundo.Lawsonia intracellularis is an obligate intracellular bacterium responsible for proliferative enteritis in many animals, such as swine, deers, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, ovine, horses, foxes, dogs, ferrets, no human primats, emus and ostrichs. Currently there is no reports about the occurrence of this agent or clinical signs of its infection in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). The present study reports the detection of Lawsonia intracellularis at different ages of broiler breeder in four avian commercials lineages by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Of 100 faecal swabs collected from intestinal fragments, 34% were positive for Lawsonia intracellularis detection by PCR. The agent was more frequently found in chickens of 80 weeks of age presenting or not diarrhea. The intestinal fragments which faeces were positive for Lawsonia intracellularis PCR detection were submitted to histopathological exam and in the most analysed lesions were observed proliferative necrotic cronic enteritis. Although the lesions were suggestive of L. intracellularis infection by Warthin-Starry staining, the presence of the pathogen inside of enterocytes or gland cells was not observed. This results could lead to new researches about the mean of Lawsonia intacellularis in broiler industry of Brazil and the world.
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Resende, Talita Pilar. "Soroperfil e soroprevalência para Lawsonia intracellularis em rebanhos suínos do estado de Minas Gerais." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/SMOC-9V4QN7.
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Lawsonia intracellularis is the etiologic agent of proliferative enteropathy, which causes diarrhea in several animal species including swine. To determine the serological profile and the seroprevalence of anti-L. intracellularis antibodies in swine herds of intensive production of Minas Gerais, 30 farrow to finish herds were chosen by sampling in multiple stages and selection for convenience. In these herds 20 blood samples were obtained from animals of different stages of the production cycle (maternity, nursery, rearing, termination and arrays), and subsequently analyzed by immunoperoxidase in monolayer assay. The overall prevalence in Minas Gerais was 34.66% and there was no statistical difference among the sampled mesoregions, with seroprevalence rates ranging between 32.06% and 37.66%. Finishing pigs were the most prevalent among the sampled categories. Only the frequency of animal introduction on the property was a risk factor related to positive status of the herds. The anti-L. intracellularis antibodies were present in all investigated herds of Minas Gerais, indicating a spread of the agent in the state. The predominant seroprofile was in line with the dynamics of infection previously observed in pig herds in other countries with similar antibiotics use.Lawsonia intracellularis é o agente etiológico da enteropatia proliferativa, causadora de diarreia em diversas espécies animais entre as quais o suíno. Para determinar o perfil sorológico e a soroprevalência de anticorpos anti-L. intracellularis em rebanhos suínos de produção intensiva de Minas Gerais, foram escolhidas, por meio de amostragem em estágios múltiplos e seleção por conveniência, 30 rebanhos de ciclo completo de produção. Nesses rebanhos as amostras de sangue foram obtidas de animais de diferentes etapas do ciclo de produção, sendo coletadas 20 amostras em cada uma delas (maternidade, creche, recria, terminação e matrizes), sendo posteriormente analisadas pela imunoperoxidase em monocamadas de células. A prevalência geral em Minas Gerais foi 34,66% e não houve diferença estatística entre as mesorregiões amostradas, com soroprevalências variando entre 32,06% e 37,66%. Suínos de terminação foram os mais prevalentes dentre as categorias amostradas. Somente a frequência de introdução de animais na propriedade foi um fator de risco relacionado ao status de positividade dos rebanhos. Os anticorpos anti-L. intracellularis estavam presentes em todos os rebanhos investigados de Minas Gerais, indicando ampla circulação do agente no estado. O soroperfil predominante estava de acordo com a dinâmica da infecção previamente observada em rebanhos suínos de outros países.
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Breuer, Julia. "Serologische Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen und Verlauf von Antikörpern gegen Lawsonia intracellularis bei Stuten und Fohlen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-76051.
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Die proliferative Enteropathie, verursacht durch das gram-negative Bakterium Lawsonia intracellularis, ist weltweit bei Schweinen als Durchfallerkrankung bekannt. Neben anderen Tierarten, unter anderem Hamster, Ratten, Schafe und Hunde, konnte diese Krankheit auch bei Fohlen im Alter zwischen zwei und neun Monaten nachgewiesen werden. Die Fallberichte stammen meist aus Nordamerika.
Intra vitam gibt es neben der klinischen und labordiagnostischen Untersuchung weitere Nachweismöglichkeiten. Im Kot kann mittels Polymerasekettenreaktion (PCR) die L. intracellularis-DNA, im Serum mittels Immunoperoxidase Monolayer Assay (IPMA), Immunofluoreszenz-Antikörpertest (IFAT) oder blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) der L. intracellularis-Antikörper nachgewiesen werden. Diese vier Testsysteme sind bei Schweinen zur Herdendiagnostik etabliert.
Während es diverse Studien zur Prävalenz von Antikörpern bei Schweinen in Deutschland gibt, wurde dies bei Pferden bislang nicht geklärt. Da es auch einen Fallbericht aus Deutschland gibt, wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit untersucht, wie viele Fohlen und Stuten aus verschiedenen Beständen und mit unterschiedlichem Vorbericht bzw. Gesundheitszustand seropositiv sind. Desweiteren sollte der Verlauf der Antikörper bei Stuten und ihren Fohlen nachverfolgt werden.
Die serologische Untersuchung erfolgte mit Hilfe eines ELISAs. Dabei werden die Ergebnisse als Prozentsatz der Inhibition (PI) durch L. intracellularis-Antikörper angegeben. Ein PI – Wert über 30 wird als seropositiv gewertet.
Für die erste Studie wurden 56 Fohlen, die mit unterschiedlichen Vorberichten in die Medizinische Tierklinik eingeliefert worden waren, sowie 24 gesunde Fohlen eines Haflingergestütes serologisch untersucht.
Die zweite Studie war eine Verlaufsuntersuchung. In einem Haflingergestüt wurde der Antikörpernachweis bei 24 (2009) bzw. 16 (2010) Mutterstuten und ihren Fohlen in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Jahren durchgeführt. In einem Warmblutgestüt wurden sechs Stuten und ihre Fohlen vor und nach der Abfohlung bzw. nach der Geburt monatlich getestet, bis alle Fohlen seronegativ waren.
Es waren 39,3 % der in die Klinik eingelieferten Fohlen seropositiv. Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen gesunden Fohlen, Fohlen mit Diarrhoe, Fohlen mit Erkrankungen des Magen-Darm-Traktes und anderen Erkrankungen wurden nicht beobachtet.
Alle getesteten erwachsenen Stuten waren zu jedem Zeitpunkt seropositiv.
Im Haflingergestüt hatten im ersten Jahr 29,2 % und im zweiten Jahr 25 % der Fohlen Antikörper gegen L. intracellularis. Die seropositiven Fohlen des zweiten Jahres hatten dieselben Mutterstuten wie die seropositiven Fohlen des ersten Jahres. Bei den Warmblütern hatten fünf von sechs Fohlen nach der Geburt L. intracellularis-Antikörper. Die PI – Werte sanken sowohl bei den Stuten als auch bei den Fohlen im Untersuchungszeitraum kontinuierlich ab. Ende Juli, im Alter zwischen 82 und 141 Tagen (Median 115 Tage), wurden die fünf anfangs seropositiven Fohlen zum ersten Mal seronegativ getestet.
Alle Fohlen im Alter von weniger als 14 Tagen waren seropositiv. Es bestand eine negative Korrelation zwischen dem Alter der Fohlen und ihrem PI-Wert, die bei den Warmblütern signifikant war. Außerdem bestand eine signifikante, positive Korrelation zwischen dem PI – Wert der Mutterstute und dem ihres Fohlens.
Die Untersuchungen zeigen, dass der Nachweis von Antikörpern im equinen Serum auch mittels eines ursprünglich für Schweineserum entwickelten ELISAs möglich ist. Prozentual haben in Mitteldeutschland ähnlich viele Fohlen positive Ergebnisse wie in Nordamerika. Beeinflusst wird der PI – Wert eines Fohlens durch die Mutterstute, deren PI – Wert und das Alter des Fohlens. Nach der Geburt sinkt die Anzahl der Antikörper bis zum Alter von drei bis vier Monaten. In diesem Alter werden auch die meisten Erkrankungen beschrieben.
Man kann daraus schlussfolgern, dass das Bakterium L. intracellularis auch bei Pferden in Deutschland weit verbreitet ist. Antikörper bilden nicht nur erkrankte Fohlen aus, sondern auch gesunde Pferde und Pferde mit anderen Erkrankungen. Da Fohlen im Alter von 12 bis 20 Wochen keine Antikörper mehr haben, ist eine Impfung empfehlenswert.
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Labuschagne, Annemarie. "Haemorrhagic bowel syndrome in grower pigs." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27236.
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In the past five years generally well managed farms reported an increase in acute deaths in their grower herds to their consulting veterinarian. At the same time reports from across the world indicated that this is not a problem seen only in South Africa. The syndrome is generally referred to as haemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS), red gut or balloon pig. Veterinarians generally believed that the cause of these acute deaths were due to the acute form of Lawsonia intracellularis, also known as porcine haemorrhagic enteropathy (PHE). Because neither the clinical symptoms present prior to death, nor the post mortem changes were typical for a L. intracellularis case it was decided to investigate this syndrome in more depth. Five commercial farms were purposefully selected where growers that died peracutely were necropsied and intestinal samples collected for histological as well as bacteriological examination. A total of 28 pigs were sampled with the histological sections from all samples indicating a Clostridium species as the cause and from 11 of samples Clostridium perfringens were cultured as the predominant bacterium. Although pigs on the farms were seropositive for Lawsonia intracellularis there was no evidence that this bacterium was the cause of death in the pigs. Rather the aetiology points to C. perfringens being the cause, possibly together with other predisposing factors such as rapid growth, high ambient temperatures and interruption in fedding patterns. Based on these results further studies to determine the toxin type as well as predisposing factors should be done. CopyrightGedurende die afgelope vyf jaar het plase met ’n algemene goeie bestuur ’n verhoging in akute vrektes in hulle groeikuddes opgemerk en hulle het hulle kommer oor die vrektes aan hulle konsulterende veeartse oorgedra. Diè verhoging in groeivrektes is nie uniek aan Suid Afrika nie. Dieselfde tendens is regoor die wêreld opgemerk, maar niemand is seker wat presies die oorsaak van die akute vrektes is nie. In die literatuur word daar na “haemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS)” oftewel hemoragiese derm sindroom verwys. Boere verwys na die sindroom as rooiderm of “balloon pig”. Tot nou toe het veeartse aanvaar dat die oorsaak moontlik Lawsonia intracellularis is. Die organisme is verantwoordelik vir ’n groep sindrome waarvan “porcine haemorrhagic enteropathy” die akute form is. Omrede die kliniese simptome en die nadoodse ondersoek nie tipies vir ’n L. Intracellularis geval is nie, is daar besluit om die akute vrektes verder te ondersoek. Vyf plase, waar die sindroom baie voorkom, is geidentifiseer en dermonsters is geneem vir histopatalogiese sowel as mikrobiologiese ondersoeke. In totaal is monsters van 28 varke geneem. Die histologies seksies van al die monsters het gedui op ’n Clostridium spesie as die hoofoorsaak van vrekte en Clostridium perfringens is uit 11 van die monsters geisoleer. Alhoewel al 5 plase serologies positief getoets is vir Lawsonia intracellularis, was daar geen bewyse gewees dat die bakterium verantwoordelik vir die vrektes was nie. Die etiologie dui eerder op C. perfringens as die oorsaak. Daarby saam speel ander faktore soos vinnige groei, hoë omgewingstemperature asook onderbrekings in beskikbaarheid van voer heelwaarskynlkik ’n belangrike rol in die sindroom. Verdere navorsing om die toksien tipe te identifiseer asook die identifikasie van moontlike faktore wat die sindroom aanhelp moet gedoen word.
Dissertation (MMEdVet)--University of Pretoria, 2009.
Production Animal Studies
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McAllister, G. E. "Molecular and functional characterisation of the immunodominant antigens of the obligate intracellular pathogen Lawsonia intracellularis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.657505.
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TlyA deletion mutants in H. pylori and B. hyodysenteriae are attenuated, suggesting that these proteins perform important roles during infection. LsaA (lawsonia surface antigen) the L. intracellularis orthologue, is expressed during infection in vitro and in vivo and suggest that this factor is involved during adherence and/or invasion of intestinal epithelial cells. The principal aim was to characterise function(s) of LsaA. Specifically the putative function as an adhesin was investigated further using a combination of biochemical and molecular approaches (including affinity purification and yeast 2-bybrid) to elucidate possible receptor(s). However, no consistent partner was evident therefore mammalian epithelial cell receptors could not be defined using this range of approaches. It is possible that LsaA’s role in adherence is adventitious – for example, it has been proposed that the TlyA family of proteins possess a regulatory role in bacterial colonisation as opposed to a direct involvement in bacterial adherence. The existence of two conserved putative functional domains S4RNA binding and methyltransferase motifs have been noted in all members of the TlyA family examined to date. These domains are found separately in several protein families known to be involved in gene regulation. Since no system has been developed for mutating genes in L. intracellularis the proteome of a TlyA deletion mutant of H. pylori was compared to its parent to further this potentially new and interesting function of TlyA family proteins. Notably, flagellin B and catalase were absent in the tlyA mutant. Since deletion of tlyA corresponds with changes in expression of several H. pylori genes, it can be concluded that reduced colonisation of H. pylori tlyA mutant is likely to be as a result of effects on expression of virulence genes rather than a direct role in adherence.
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Pierozan, Ricardo L. "Avaliação a campo da vacina enterisol ileitis através de parâmetros zootécnicos e sanitários em suínos nas fases de crescimento e terminação." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/5387.
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Entre as causas de diarréia em suínos de crescimento e terminação, a infecção por L. intracellularis é uma das mais relevantes e é uma das principais justificativas para o uso excessivo de antimicrobianos na ração. O presente experimento visou a avaliar uma alternativa ao uso de medicamentos para o controle da infecção pela L. intracellularis, a vacinação. O teste foi realizado com uma vacina avirulenta já licenciada para uso em outros países (Enterisol® Ileitis) e que em avaliações realizadas em diversos países mostrou resultados, em sua maior parte, favoráveis. O experimento foi conduzido em uma empresa integradora, localizada no Estado de Santa Catarina entre os meses de Maio a Dezembro de 2004. Para tal foram usados 54.030 animais submetidos a quatro tratamentos, em delineamento fatorial 2 x 2, sendo avaliado o efeito de dois fatores: a administração ou não da vacina e o fornecimento de ração com antimicrobianos de forma contínua ou descontínua, durante os períodos de crescimento e terminação. O número de lotes que fizeram parte do experimento foi 128 (32 em cada tratamento) e o lote foi considerado como unidade experimental. A vacina foi administrada na água de bebida entre as semanas 3 e 4 de alojamento. Houve efeito da vacinação na conversão alimentar (P<0,05), a qual foi melhor nos animais vacinados. Além disso, ocorreu uma tendência (P=0,079) dos animais vacinados em apresentar menor coeficiente de variação no peso da carcaça quente. . Os animais que receberam medicação com antimicrobianos de forma descontínua tenderam a ganhar menos peso (P=0,078) do que os animais que receberam ração com antimicrobianos de forma contínua. O coeficiente de variação de peso da carcaça quente foi menor (P<0,05) nos animais que receberam ração de forma descontínua com antimicrobianos em comparação aos que receberam ração com antimicrobianos de forma contínua. Ocorreram poucos diagnósticos da presença do agente em lotes com e sem diarréia durante o experimento. É possível que o período experimental tenha havido baixa circulação do agente e que os efeitos favoráveis na conversão alimentar reflitam um controle da forma sub-clínica da infecção.
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Vannucci, Fabio Augusto. "Avaliação funcional e histomorfométrica do intestino de Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) experimentalmente infectados com Lawsonia intracellularis." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/SSLA-7VJNRM.
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Severity of infection based on gross and microscopic lesions and immunohistochemistry was correlated with intestinal absorption and histomorphometry in syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) experimentally inoculated with Lawsonia intracellularis. Sixty hamsters between two and three weeks of age from a colony with no history of EP were used. The infected group (n=30) received, by gavage, 1 mL of intestinal mucosa homogenate from PE naturally infected pigs containing approximately 7,5 x 109 L. intracellularis organisms. The control group (n=30) received one mL of SPG by the same route. Animals were weighed at regular intervals of nine days to assess the weight gain. Twenty six days after inoculation, the intestinal absorption of glucose, sodium, potassium and chloride was evaluated for 40 minutes, in intervals of 10 minutes. In this procedure, a standard solution was infused in the cranial jejunum and collected in terminal ileum. The experimental infection was confirmed by gross and histopathological examination and L. intracellularis antigen labelling by IHC. Histomorphometry showed elongation of villous and deepening of intestinal crypts in hamsters that had high infection level as demonstrated by IHC. These animals had significant lower intestinal absorption of glucose, potassium and chloride (p<0,05), when compared to uninfected controls. These results indicate a lower intestinal absorption as being an important mechanism of diarrhea in L. intracellularis experimentally infected hamsters. Therefore, the diarrhea for malabsorption should be considered as the main mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of diarrhea in the EPA partir da reprodução experimental da EP (enteropatia proliferativa) em syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), avaliou-se a intensidade da infecção por Lawsonia intracellularis, por meio de exames macroscópicos, histológicos e imunoistoquímicos, e sua correlação com absorção e histomorfometria intestinal. Foram utilizados 60 hamsters entre duas e três semanas de idade provenientes de biotério sem histórico de EP. O grupo infectado (n=30) recebeu, por via intragástrica, 1 mL de homogeneizado de mucosa intestinal de suinos naturalmente infectados, contendo aproximadamente 7,5 x 109 organismos de L. intracellularis. O grupo controle (n=30) recebeu, pela mesma via, um mL de SPG (solução de sacarose, fosfato e glutamato). Os animais foram pesados em intervalos regulares de nove dias para avaliação do ganho de peso. Vinte seis dias após a inoculação avaliou-se a absorção intestinal de glicose, sódio, potássio e cloro durante 40 minutos, em intervalos de 10 minutos. Neste procedimento foi infundida solução com concentração conhecida no jejuno cranial e coletada no íleo terminal. A infecção experimental foi confirmada por avaliações anátomo-histopatológicas e marcação positiva para L. intracellularis por IHQ (imunoistoquímica). A histomorfometria demonstrou alongamento das vilosidades e aprofundamento das criptas intestinais nos hamsters que apresentaram maior grau de infecção, avaliada por IHQ. Estes animais apresentaram menor absorção intestinal de glicose, potássio e cloreto (p<0,05), quando comparados ao grupo controle, em pelo menos uma tomada de tempo. Os resultados indicam menor absorção intestinal como importante mecanismo diarréico em hamsters experimentalmente infectados com L. intracellularis. Portanto, a diarréia por má absorção deve ser considerada como principal mecanismo envolvido na fisiopatologia da diarréia na EP
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Ribeiro, Carlos Torres. "Surtos de Enteropatia Proliferativa determinados por Lawsonia intracellularis em su?nos e coelhos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/750.
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Outbreaks of infection by Lawsonia intracelullaris in swine and rabbits in the State of Rio de Janeiro are described. The symptomathology was characterized by bloody and aquous diarrhea, with respectively superacute and acute course. Post-mortem findings were a reticulate aspect of the ileum. In swine its mucosa was moderately thickened and it contained large amounts of partially coagulated blood; in rabbits the wall of the ileum was much thickened and the contents were aquous. Histopathological examination revealed severe hyperplastic proliferation of the epithelial cells of the Lieberk?hn crypts, sometimes associated with inflammatory and necrotic alterations. Silver impregnation and imunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of large amounts of bacteria in the cytoplasm of the cryptal epithelial cells. In swine L. intracellularis was seen also by ultramicroscopic examination. This is the first report of the disease in the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Descrevem-se surtos de infec??o por Lawsonia intracellularis em su?nos e coelhos, ocorridos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A sintomatologia caracterizou-se por diarr?ia sanguinolenta e aquosa, com evolu??o superaguda e aguda, respectivamente. ? necropsia verificaram-se ?leo de aspecto reticulado, com mucosa moderadamente espessada, contendo grande quantidade de sangue parcialmente coagulado, no caso dos su?nos, e ?leo com parede muito espessada e conte?do aquoso nos coelhos. O exame histol?gico revelou marcada prolifera??o hiperpl?sica das c?lulas epiteliais das criptas de Lieberk?hn, por vezes, associada a altera??es inflamat?rias e necr?ticas. Impregna??o pela prata e t?cnica imunoistoqu?mica demonstraram presen?a da bact?ria, em grande quantidade, dentro do citoplasma das c?lulas epiteliais das criptas de su?nos e coelhos. Em su?nos, L. intracellularis tamb?m foi visualizada pela ultramicroscopia. Essa ? a primeira descri??o da enfermidade no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Palavras-chave: Descrevem-se surtos de infec??o por Lawsonia intracellularis em su?nos e coelhos, ocorridos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A sintomatologia caracterizou-se por diarr?ia sanguinolenta e aquosa, com evolu??o superaguda e aguda, respectivamente. ? necropsia verificaram-se ?leo de aspecto reticulado, com mucosa moderadamente espessada, contendo grande quantidade de sangue parcialmente coagulado, no caso dos su?nos, e ?leo com parede muito espessada e conte?do aquoso nos coelhos. O exame histol?gico revelou marcada prolifera??o hiperpl?sica das c?lulas epiteliais das criptas de Lieberk?hn, por vezes, associada a altera??es inflamat?rias e necr?ticas. Impregna??o pela prata e t?cnica imunoistoqu?mica demonstraram presen?a da bact?ria, em grande quantidade, dentro do citoplasma das c?lulas epiteliais das criptas de su?nos e coelhos. Em su?nos, L. intracellularis tamb?m foi visualizada pela ultramicroscopia. Essa ? a primeira descri??o da enfermidade no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
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Oliveira, Juliana Saes Vilaca de. "Isolamento e propagação da cepa autóctone de Lawsonia intracellularis in vitro: e sua utilização em diagnóstico sorológico." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUBD-9CJHK8.
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Extraction and isolation attempts of a South American strain of the bacterium Lawsonia intracellularis were made from swine intestine samples with gross lesions suggestive of proliferative enteropathy. Isolation was successfully performed from a sample with lesions that were compatible with porcine proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy (PHE). The strain was propagated in vitro and characterized as a different genotypic pattern than other isolates (15-09- 15-09), by the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) technique. This new strain was used in the confection of 96 well plates for immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) serological tests. Sera collected from 80 animals previously inoculated with L. intracellularis were used in ELISA and IPMA serological tests, and their sensitivities were calculated based on the results. The ELISA test had a sensitivity of 72.5%, which was lower than the IPMA, with a 95% sensitivity. There was no statistical association between the two serological tests. In conclusion, the first Latin American strain of L. intracellularis was successfully isolated and propagated in vitro, which made possible the execution of the IPMA serological test, with a higher sensitivity than the commercial ELISA.A partir de amostras de intestinos com suspeita de enteropatia proliferativa (EP), foi realizado o isolamento de uma cepa brasileira de Lawsonia intracellularis. O isolamento foi realizado a partir de uma amostra com lesões de enteropatia proliferativa hemorrágica suína (PHE), sendo a cepa propagada in vitro e caracterizada pela técnica de variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) com um padrão genotípico distinto de outras já isoladas (15-09-15-09). Esta nova cepa foi utilizada para o preparo de placas de 96 orifícios para a realização de testes sorológicos de imunoperoxidase em monocamada de células (IPMA). Soros de 80 animais previamente inoculados com L. intracellularis foram utilizados para a realização dos testes sorológicos de ELISA e IPMA e cálculo de sensibilidade de ambos. O ELISA apresentou sensibilidade de 72,5%, abaixo do IPMA, com sensibilidade de 95%. Não houve associação estatística entre os dois testes. Em conclusão, realizou-se o isolamento e propagação da primeira cepa latinoamericana de L. intracellularis, seguido da execução do teste sorológico de IPMA, com sensibilidade superior ao teste de ELISA.
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Calderón, Aguirre Astrid Pilar. "Frecuencia de seroreactores a Lawsonia intracellularis en granjas porcinas tecnificadas de los departamentos de Ica, Arequipa, La Libertad y Lambayeque." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/695.
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El consumo de carne de porcino en el mundo se encuentra en una relevante posición frente a otras especies, con promedios per cápita de 14 kg/año. Según las estadísticas del Ministerio de Agricultura, la población nacional de porcinos esta en el orden de los 2.900.000 cerdos que producen anualmente 90.000 TM de carne; en tanto que la producción porcina nacional constituye el 2.5% del PBI agropecuario (Camacho, 2003). Estos datos evidencian la importancia de la industria porcina en la economía de nuestro país, ya que representa una alternativa económica y de alto valor proteico con gran aceptación por el consumidor.
En ese sentido; consideramos que las enfermedades que atacan al ganado porcino deben ser objeto de una mayor investigación, porque afectan a la industria porcina en general en las diferentes etapas de producción. Dentro de las enfermedades infecciosas, las de tipo bacteriano son las causantes de grandes pérdidas económicas en la industria porcina nacional, provocando un alto índice de mortalidad, significativos gastos en tratamientos y un retraso en el tiempo del retorno esperado de la inversión.Tesis
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Page, Allen E. "DETERMINATION OF FARM-SPECIFIC LAWSONIA INTRACELLULARIS SEROPREVALENCE IN CENTRAL KENTUCKY THOROUGHBREDS AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO EQUINE PROLIFERATIVE ENTEROPATHY." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/9.
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Lawsonia intracellularis and the disease it causes in horses, equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE), is an emerging pathogen of increasing importance to the horse industry from both an economic and welfare standpoint. Long recognized as an economically important disease of swine, the hallmark of EPE is a protein-losing enteropathy, where affected horses suffer weight loss and some ultimately succumb to the disease despite aggressive treatment. There are currently no known EPE preventative measures and the epidemiology of the disease remains poorly defined. While EPE is a sporadic disease affecting less than 25% of exposed horses, some farms experience clinical cases year after year. Further, weanlings are uniquely susceptible to this disease, although no conclusive reason for this predisposition has been identified. The overall hypothesis is that the host immune response plays a significant role in the susceptibility of weanlings to L. intracellularis infection and the occurrence of clinical equine proliferative enteropathy. To test this hypothesis, four individual hypotheses were proposed: (H1) previous farm history of EPE does not have an effect on weanling seroprevalence, (H2) passively-acquired antibodies do not have an effect on susceptibility to L. intracellularis and the occurrence of EPE, (H3) the serological status of mares can be used to determine the role they play in the epidemiology of EPE on endemic farms, and (H4) L. intracellularis-specific IFN-g expression is not associated with increased resistance to EPE.
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Guimaraes, Cristiane Viana. "Estudo retrospectivo imunoistoquímico e pesquisa por PCR em fezes e sorologia para Lawsonia Intracellularis em equinos no Estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ELAS-7JZMY8.
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The proliferative enteropathy caused by intracellular bacteria, Lawsonia intracellularis, has been described in equine in Australia, United States, Canada and in countries of Europe, (Switzerland and Belgium). Currently, the disease has not been diagnosed in any country of Latin America. The predominance of the disease in equine is still unknown. A retrospective study was conducted using paraffin blocks of equine cases from the veterinarian schools of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) and Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA). Also a prospective study using serology and PCR for detecting antibodies and L. intracellularis shedding in fecal samples was conducted in different equine herds in the state of Minas Gerais, Brasil. Fifty-one cases of equines with enteric disorders from the period of 1970 to 2006 from UFMG and nine cases of UFLA were compiled and selected from the period of 2000 to 2007. Histological cuts of the blocks containing fragments of intestine and stomach were prepared in signalized glass-slides, and were submitted to IHQ using the method of Streptavidin, polyclonal antibody against L. intracellularis and ACE (Amino Etil-carbazol) cromogen solution. No positive sample in IHQ was identified. For the longitudinal study, sera and fecal samples from 223 animals from 14 horse farms and veterinarian schools of UFMG a serological test using the imunoperoxidase technique in glass sheets and PCR were used. From the 223 samples serologically tested, eight equine had 1:60 titer, and were considered positive. The PCR technique in feces for bacterias DNA detection identified seven positive equine for L. intracellularis. Seropositivity and detection of bacteria in colts feces in equine population in the State of Minas Gerais, Brasil, indicates the presence of the agent and the possibility of the disease associated with the infection. This should be an alert to clinics as possible differential diagnosis of enteric disease equineA enteropatia proliferativa causada pela bactéria intracelular, Lawsonia intracellularis, tem sido relatada em eqüinos na Austrália, Estados Unidos, Canadá e em países na Europa (Suíça e Bélgica). No entanto, até o momento, a doença não foi diagnosticada em nenhum país da América Latina. A prevalência da doença em eqüinos é desconhecida. Pesquisou-se a ocorrência da enteropatia proliferativa em eqüinos no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, através de estudo retrospectivo no arquivo do Setor de Patologia da Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) e da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), e através da aplicação da técnica de PCR em fezes e sorologia. O estudo retrospectivo foi realizado a partir de amostras em blocos de parafina, de 51 casos compilados de equinos com desordens entéricas provenientes na Escola de Veterinária da UFMG, no período de 1970 a 2006, e de nove casos provenientes da UFLA no período de 2000 a 2007. Cortes histológicos em lâminas silanizadas dos blocos contendo fragmentos de intestino e estômago foram submetidos a imunoistoquímica (IHQ) utilizando o método da Streptavidina Marcada, anticorpo policlonal contra L. intracellularis e solução de cromógeno de AEC (Amino Etil-carbazol). Não foi identificada nenhuma amostra positiva à IHQ. Para realização da pesquisa por PCR em fezes e sorologia foram utilizados o teste sorológico, usando a técnica de imunoperoxidase em lâminas de vidro, e a técnica de PCR em amostras fecais coletadas de 223 eqüinos provenientes de 14 haras e de eqüinos hospitalizados na escola de veterinária da UFMG. Das 223 amostras avaliadas sorologicamente, foram identificados vinte e um eqüinos com titulação de 1:60, sendo considerados positivos. À técnica de PCR em fezes para detecção de DNA da L. intracellularis identificou sete equinos positivos. Soropositividade e detecção de bactérias nas fezes de potros na população de equinos do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, indica a presença do agente e a possibilidade de doença associada a infecção, sendo um alerta para os clínicos como possível diagnóstico diferencial de enterite em eqüinos
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Junker, Sigena [Verfasser], and Mathias [Akademischer Betreuer] Ritzmann. "Vergleichende Untersuchung zum molekularbiologischen Nachweis von Lawsonia intracellularis und Brachyspira ssp. aus Sammelkotproben und Oral Fluid Samples bei Mastschweinen / Sigena Junker ; Betreuer: Mathias Ritzmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236543998/34.
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Kreutzmann, Martin Josef [Verfasser], and Mathias [Akademischer Betreuer] Ritzmann. "Prüfung der Wirksamkeit eines Lawsonia intracellularis Lebendimpfstoffs (Enterisol®Ileitis) in einer vor dem Aufbau des Impfschutzes teilweise infizierten Tiergruppe / Martin Josef Kreutzmann. Betreuer: Mathias Ritzmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1100395881/34.
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Breuer, Julia [Verfasser], Gerald Fritz [Akademischer Betreuer] Schusser, and van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan Marianne M. [Gutachter] Sloet. "Serologische Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen und Verlauf von Antikörpern gegen Lawsonia intracellularis bei Stuten und Fohlen / Julia Breuer ; Gutachter: Marianne M. Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan ; Betreuer: Gerald Fritz Schusser." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1237895332/34.
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Leal, Ana Rita Soares de Castro. "Enteropatia proliferativa equina causada por Lawsonia Intracellularis." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/16836.
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Lawsonia intracellularis é a bactéria intracelular causadora de enteropatia proliferativa equina (EPE). A EPE é uma patologia emergente, não zoonótica com distribuição mundial, que afeta principalmente poldros ao desmame. Surtos e casos isoldos têm vindo a ser reportados de forma crescente, sendo a sua epidemiologia pouco conhecida.
A EPE é caracterizada pela proliferação e hiperplasia dos enterócitos, com consequente espessamento das paredes do intestino delgado, tem como principais sinais clínicos letargia, edema subcutâneo, perda de peso, diarreia e cólica.
O diagnóstico é sugerido pela conjugação dos sinais clínicos, da marcada hipoproteinemia, do espessamento da parede das ansas intestinais visivel a nível ecográfico, serologia positiva, deteção da L. intracellularis nas fezes e tecidos por PCR ou por uma resposta positiva ao tratamento.
O tratamento específico para a EPE passa pela administração de eritromicina (25 mg/kg) simples ou associada à rifampicina (5-10 mg/kg) oralmente cada 12-24 horas durante o período de três a quatro semanas. O prognóstico dos poldros afetados com esta patologia é favorável se o tratamento instaurado for o correto e atempado. Poldros com outros problemas associados podem não responder favorávelmente ao tratamento.
Em termos profiláticos, existem atualmente estudos com vacinas vivas modificadas onde se observou uma resposta imunitária positiva frente ao agente de L. intracellularis, promovendo também uma diminuição da excreção do agente. O controlo dos possiveis reservatórios da bacteria nomeadamente roedoer é fator determinante da epidémiologia da EPE.Lawsonia intracellularis is the intracellular bacterium that causes the proliferative enteropathy equine. EPE is an emerging not zoonotic disease, with world distribution that primarily affects weaning foals. Outbreaks and sporadic cases have been reported since forever, but its esporacidad has been declining over the past 5 years, and its epidemiology is little knowned. Characterized lead to the proliferation and hyperplasia of enterocytes with consequent thickening of the walls of the small intestine has as main signs lethargy, subcutaneous oedema, weight loss, diarrhoea, and colic. The diagnosis is suggested by the combination of clinical signs of marked hypoproteinemia, the ultrasonographic visualization of wall thickening of the intestinal loops, positive serology, and detection of L. intracellularis in feces by PCR or a positive response to treatment. Specific treatment for EPE passes by administration of eritromicin (25 mg/kg) associated or not with rifampicin (5-10 mg/kg) both orally every 12-24 hours during period of 3-4 weeks. The prognosis of foals affected with this disease is favorable if the treatment used is correct and timely. Foals with other associated problems may not respond to treatment. In prophylactic terms, currently, there are studies with modified live vaccines which demonstrate a very favorable immune response, associated with this, it is important to the endemic control of possible reservoirs of the bacteria.
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Nathues, Heiko [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zur Ausscheidung von Lawsonia intracellularis mittels molekularbiologischer Untersuchungsverfahren / vorgelegt von Heiko Nathues." 2007. http://d-nb.info/985342978/34.
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Brandt, Daniel [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zum subklinischen Verlauf einer Lawsonia-intracellularis-Infektion bei Schweinen / vorgelegt von Daniel Brandt." 2008. http://d-nb.info/992260965/34.
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Holthaus, Kerstin [Verfasser]. "Quantitativer Nachweis von Lawsonia intracellularis mittels real-time PCR in Kotproben von Schweinen / vorgelegt von Kerstin Holthaus." 2008. http://d-nb.info/992280753/34.
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Bonitz, Arnold [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zur Diagnostik und Prävalenz von Infektionen durch Lawsonia intracellularis bei Schweinen unterschiedlicher Altersgruppen / vorgelegt von Arnold Bonitz." 2001. http://d-nb.info/963521535/34.
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"Investigation on gallium maltolate pharmacokinetics and efficacy, as antimicrobial alternative in an equine proliferative enteropathy infection model." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-04-997.
Full textAbstract:
Lawsonia intracellularis causes proliferative enteropathies in juvenile mammals. The porcine (PPE) and equine (EPE) diseases are worldwide. Rabbits and hamsters are naturally susceptible, the latter being a classic modeling-host for PPE. None is known for EPE, besides foals. An in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy against L. intracellularis is difficult. This study aimed to validate a laboratory animal EPE model and to investigate pharmacokinetics (PK) and efficacy of gallium maltolate (GaM) as an alternative antimicrobial therapy. Infected animals were inoculated with cell-cultured L. intracellularis and infection was verified with clinically utilized diagnostic tests.
Initially, 2 groups of EPE-infected rabbits were compared to 1 uninfected group. After inoculation (PI), EPE-infected rabbits showed mild clinical signs; detectable seroconversion, fecal shedding, gross lesions in intestinal tissues (IT), and early immuno-histochemistry labeling of L. intracellularis antigen. Thus, a humane EPE-rabbit model was achieved. Subsequently, EPE-infected hamsters were compared to uninfected and PPE-infected hamsters; whereas, PPE-infected rabbits were compared to EPE-infected rabbits. EPE-hamsters did not develop infection, unlike PPE-infected controls; and PPE-rabbits did not develop IT lesions or seroconversion comparable to EPE-rabbits.
Therefore rabbits were chosen as the EPE modeling-host for the GaM studies. First, GaM PK and IT concentrations of Ga and Fe were measured. Then, GaM efficacy was compared to a current EPE antimicrobial treatment. During sampling, the intra-arterial catheters in the rabbits’ ears were protected with a novel moleskin-cover, allowing repeated sampling while minimally restrained.
The PK study was based on the comparison of EPE-infected and uninfected rabbits, after a single treatment with GaM, collection of serial blood samples and IT samples. The only differing PK parameter, between groups, was a decrease in the terminal phase rate constant of the EPE-rabbits, so a 48h dosing interval was chosen for the efficacy study.
In the efficacy study, 3 groups of EPE-infected rabbits were treated with GaM, doxycycline and a placebo, respectively. No differences were noted between treatments, in terms of lesions and fecal shedding. GaM appears no more efficacious than doxycycline in EPE- rabbits. In conclusion, albeit GaM tolerance appeared adequate in rabbits, results do not support its use in EPE-infected animals.