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Books on the topic 'Survival curves'
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1
Gan, Li. Individual subjective survival curves. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.
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2
Sloan, David L. The hangover survival guide. Key West, Fla: Phantom Press, 2006.
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3
Christopher, Shultz, ed. The hangover survival guide. Key West, Fla: Phantom Press, 2006.
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4
The curve of the world: A novel. Chapel Hill, N.C: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill, 2002.
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5
Johnson, Jennifer Elizabeth. The use of 60Co cell survival curves in BNCT research. 1994.
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6
Elwood, Mark. Chance variation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682898.003.0008.
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This chapter explains chance variation and statistical tests, including discrete and continuous measures, the concept of significance, one and two sided test, exact tests, precision and confidence limits. It shows tests of differences in proportions and chi-square tests, the Mantel-Haenszel test, and calculation of confidence limits, for simple tables and for stratified data. It covers heterogeneity tests, multiplicative and additive models, ordered exposure variables and tests of trend. It explains statistical tests for matched studies and in multivariate models. Multiple testing, the Bonferroni correction, issues of hypothesis testing and hypothesis generation, and subgroup analyses are discussed. Stopping rules and repeated testing in trials is covered. It explains how to calculate study power and the necessary size of the study. The chapter describes time to event analysis, including survival curves, product-limit and actuarial or life-table methods, and the calculation of confidence limits, relative survival ratios, the log rank test with control for confounding, and multivariate analysis.
7
The Curve of the World. Highbridge Audio, 2002.
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8
Stevens, Marcus. The Curve of the World. Highbridge Audio, 2002.
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9
The Curve of the World : A Novel. Washington Square Press, 2003.
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10
Quick, Laura. The Futility Curse as a Northwest Semitic Trope. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810933.003.0004.
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This chapter considers the possibility that a Northwest Semitic tradition of curses circulated in the Levant in the first millennium, with a description and analysis of examples of the futility curse from the Old Aramaic inscriptions, encompassing the Tell Fakhariyah bilingual inscription, the Sefire Treaties, and the Bukān inscription. This has implications for the reconstruction of a putative Aramaic literary tradition, something often hypothesized but little attested due to the scant material finds which have survived antiquity. Ultimately it is shown that a tradition of cursing expressed in terms of lexical, ideational, and syntactic consistency was shared between these Old Aramaic epigraphs.
11
Cohen, Colin. The old Adam survives the Curwen Press. 1986.
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12
Arthur, Mary E., ed. Anesthesiology CA-1 Pocket Survival Guide. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190885885.001.0001.
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This book is a concise step-by-step ready reference manual which will help interns transition smoothly to life in the operating room (OR) as anesthesiology residents within the first few months. This survival guide will flatten the learning curve and improve the comfort level of trainees entering the OR for the first time. This Anesthesiology CA-1 Pocket Survival Guide, highlights information to seek out during the orientation period and lays out what to expect in the first clinical anesthesia year. It provides residents with easy-to-follow instructions for such common tasks as patient evaluation and pre-anesthesia care, and suggests how to obtain and organize a patient’s preoperative information to present to the attending anesthesiologist. The handbook also guides residents and trainees through the perioperative period and addresses crisis management as well as post-anesthesia care. The fundamentals of anesthesiology practice as well as specialty practice situations such as providing anesthesia in remote locations are introduced to the beginning anesthesiology resident. Time management and preparation for the anesthesiology BASIC examination and suggestions on how to strike a healthy work- life balance to avoid burn out early on in training are all laid out. The concept of continuous quality improvement focusing on improving the provision of care from one episode to the next is introduced to the learner. This book provides the foundation for a sound beginning in anesthesiology training.
13
Westreich, Daniel. Epidemiology by Design. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190665760.001.0001.
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As the cornerstone science of public health, evidence-based medicine, and comparative effectiveness research, a clear understanding of study designs is central to the study of epidemiology. Causal inference is increasingly being understood as the theoretical foundation underlying epidemiologic study designs and the science as a whole. This textbook takes a causal approach to traditional introductory epidemiology, through the organizing principle of study designs and the lens of modern causal inference approaches (potential outcomes, counterfactuals, identification conditions). The intended audience is first-year graduate students and advanced undergraduates in epidemiology and allied fields more broadly. Section I introduces measures of prevalence and incidence (survival curves, risks, rates, odds) and measures of contrast (differences, ratios), the fundamentals of causal inference, and principles of diagnostic testing, screening, and surveillance. Section II describes three key study designs through the lens of causal inference: randomized trials, prospective observational cohort studies, and case-control studies. For each, the author discusses logistics and conduct, advantages and disadvantages including biases, basic approaches to analysis, and briefly reviews several additional study designs. Section III extends material in previous sections, moving from concerns about internal validity (within a sample) to questions of external validity and population impact. This book provides new students with a rigorous foundation in epidemiologic methods and an introduction to methods and thinking in causal inference, serving as an excellent foundation for further study of the field.
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Waters, Thomas. Cursed Britain. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300221404.001.0001.
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This book unveils the enduring power of witchcraft, curses, and black magic in modern times. Few topics are so secretive or controversial. Yet, whether in the 1800s or the early 2000s, when disasters struck or personal misfortunes mounted, many Britons found themselves believing in things they had previously dismissed — dark supernatural forces. The book explores the lives of cursed or bewitched people, along with the witches and witch-busters who helped and harmed them. It takes us on a fascinating journey from Scottish islands to the folklore-rich West Country, from the immense territories of the British Empire to metropolitan London. We learn why magic caters to deep-seated human needs but see how it can also be abused, and discover how witchcraft survives by evolving and changing. Along the way, the book examines an array of remarkable beliefs and rituals, from traditional folk magic to diverse spiritualities originating in Africa and Asia. This is a tale of cynical quacks and sincere magical healers, depressed people and furious vigilantes, innocent victims and rogues who claimed to possess evil abilities. Their spellbinding stories raise important questions about the state's role in regulating radical spiritualities, the fragility of secularism and the true nature of magic.
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Calabrò, Fabio, and Cora N. Sternberg. Treatment of metastatic bladder cancer. Edited by James W. F. Catto. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0079.
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Although bladder cancer is considered a chemosensitive malignancy, the prognosis of patients with metastatic disease is poor, with a median survival of approximately 12–14 months in good prognosis patients and with cure in only a minority. The addition of new drugs to the standard cisplatin-based regimens has not improved these outcomes. In this chapter, we highlight the role of chemotherapy and the impact of the new targeted agents in the treatment of metastatic bladder carcinoma. A better understanding of the underlying biology and the molecular patterns of urothelial bladder cancer has led to clinical investigation of several therapeutic targets. To date, these agents have yet to demonstrate an improvement in overall survival. Urothelial cancer is extremely sensitive to checkpoint inhibition with both anti PD-1 and anti PDL1 antibodies. The future seems brighter with the advent of these new therapies.
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Yabroff, K. Robin, Gery P. Guy, Matthew P. Banegas, and Donatus U. Ekwueme. The Economic Burden of Cancer in the United States. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0010.
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With an aging and growing population and improved early detection and survival following diagnosis in the United States, the number of cancer survivors and prevalence of survivorship are expected to increase. Based on population trends, national expenditures for cancer care are projected to increase from $124.6 billion in 2010 to $157.8 billion in 2020. This chapter describes the economic burden of cancer, including direct costs, resulting from the use of resources for medical care for cancer; indirect costs, resulting from the loss of economic resources and opportunities associated with morbidity and mortality due to cancer and its treatment; and psychosocial or intangible costs, such as pain and suffering. Consistent with the intensity of treatment for initial care, recurrence, and end-of-life care, costs are highest in the initial period following diagnosis and, among patients who die from their disease, at the end of life, following a U-shaped curve.
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Feurer, Rosemary. The Strange Career of A. A. Ahner. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040818.003.0007.
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Rosemary Feurer traces the leading purveyor of anti-union services in the Midwest, A. A. Ahner, to frame employers’ antiunion strategies during the New Deal. She argues that the long learning curve that took place over decades explains why a thug agency survived and thrived instead of being eradicated during what is usually considered the heroic era of liberal intervention. Ahner became an accepted industrial relations advisor and counselor for major firms during the New Deal, with the assistance of a liberal as well as conservative forces, networks and alliances. Ahner’s career path only seems strange because historians cling to a framework of the post New Deal “Rise of the Right” with Southern origins while ignoring longer antecedents, networks, and learning
18
Schwitter, Juerg. Coronary artery disease. Edited by Dudley Pennell. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0105.
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In the work-up of suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is an established technique and it is recommended by most recent guidelines. Stress dobutamine and stress perfusion CMR yield sensitivities and specificities to detect anatomically defined CAD (>50% coronary stenoses) ranging from 83% to 91% and from 83% to 86%, respectively, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of 0.80–0.93. Multicentre trials report AUCs of 0.75–0.91 to detect CAD and showed superiority over scintigraphic techniques. Increasing evidence in thousands of patients demonstrates the highly predictive value of CMR. Exclusion of ischaemia by CMR goes along with excellent event-free survival rates of 0.5–0.9%/year. Cost analyses in large data sets (e.g. in the European CMR registry), suggest considerable cost savings for CMR over first-line invasive strategies in suspected CAD. Tissue characterization by CMR to detect scar, necrosis, oedema, microvascular obstruction, or haemorrhage is of particular importance in the setting of acute coronary syndromes and this application is emerging as the number of centres offering CMR increases.
19
De Braganca, Kevin C., and Roger J. Packer. Medulloblastoma. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0139.
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Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in pediatric patients. Patients are presently stratified to either standard or high-risk groups based on clinical and pathologic criteria. Approximately 80% of patients with standard risk disease are cured of their primary disease. High-risk and recurrent disease groups have a poorer outcome; 5-year progression-free survival is only 65% with high-risk disease. Disease control after recurrence is very poor. Treatment is multimodal and also aims to limit short- and long-term toxicities. Recent identification of four molecular subtypes of medulloblastoma may change risk assignment and therapy. Addressing the medical and psychosocial issues of survivors continues to improve the quality of life for these patients beyond the disease’s treatment.
20
Bush, Shirley, and Eduardo Bruera. Improving quality of life. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550173.003.0012.
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Chapter 12 discusses oncological treatments that may be administered with either a curative or palliative intent. If cancer in a patient cannot be cured, then the focus of treatment changes to achieving an improvement in survival time, reducing symptom burden, optimizing performance, and hence improving quality of life (QOL). Palliative care is the last of the four components of a cancer control programme, after prevention, early detection, and diagnosis and treatment. Patients with advanced cancer may experience physical, psychosocial, and spiritual difficulties throughout their illness which impact on their overall QOL. The main objective of palliative care is to improve the QOL for both patients with life-threatening illness and their families. Therefore, it is necessary to assess QOL to ascertain if this goal is being met.
21
Houssiau, Frédéric A. The patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Edited by Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0163_update_001.
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Major progress has been achieved in the field of lupus nephritis (LN) treatment over the last decade. Glucocorticoids and other immunosuppressants (including cyclophosphamide) are now used in a more patient-friendly way, minimizing their untoward effects. Mycophenolate mofetil is now an option, both for induction and maintenance immunosuppression. Ever increased standards for optimal global care have further contributed to lower end-stage renal disease rates.Better understanding of the mechanisms underlying lupus raises hopes for more targeted therapies with biologics. Thus, the anti-B-lymphocyte stimulator belimumab has been officially labelled for non-renal lupus by the medical agencies, which has not happened for more than 50 years, when cortisone and hydroxychloroquine were approved.These exciting developments should, however, not disguise the fact that LN still impacts survival of lupus patients and that no cure can be offered so far.
22
Wemheuer, Felix. Collectivization and Famine. Edited by Stephen A. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199602056.013.023.
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In the Soviet Union and Maoist China several deadly famines occurred. The article argues that there is no necessary relation between collectivization of agriculture and famine. In many cases in Eastern Europe, collective agriculture was introduced and established for decades without causing mass starvation, especially when communist governments were willing to accept a mixed economy in the countryside. In the Soviet Union in 1931 and in China in 1959, however, collectivization did produce famines on a mammoth scale. These resulted directly from government decisions to launch overambitious industrial programmes to escape backwardness. Rapid urbanization and the resulting increase of millions of eaters in the urban rationing system, together with grain exports, overburdened the peasants. Rural consumption was curbed to a point that tens of millions could not survive.
23
Grulich, Andrew E., Fengyi Jin, and I. Mary Poynten. Anal Cancer. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0037.
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Anal canal cancer is a generally uncommon cancer that has been increasing in incidence for several decades. In most geographic locations, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for 70% or more of cases, and incidence is slightly higher in women than in men. The remaining cases are mainly adenocarcinoma, but the degree to which this represents misclassified rectal cancer is uncertain. In almost all cases, anal SCC is caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV); HPV-16 accounts for 75% or more of all cases. Survival is highly stage-dependent, and cure is usual if the cancer is diagnosed early. The main risk factor is anal exposure to HPV, and for this reason homosexual men are at particularly high risk. In women, risk is increased in those with higher numbers of sexual partners, and in those with a history of HPV-related disease at genital sites.
24
Williams, Sonja D. Rural Wanderings. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039874.003.0002.
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This chapter recounts Richard Durham's early years and education. Alternatively known as Isadore, Izzy, Vern, Dick, the young Durham explored as much of the land around his family's house, located on eighty acres of rural farmland just outside the town of Raymond in Hinds County, Mississippi. His father, Curtis George Durham, cultivated the farm's cotton crops and cornfields but also worked several odd jobs to supplement the family's income. Aside from helping her husband cultivate their farmland, Durham's mother, Chanie Tillman Durham, worked as a teacher in Hinds County's Negro schoolhouse and engaged in the hairstyling business. This chapter discusses the importance of education for the Durham children, the death of Isadore's younger sister Maudeline, the family's constant struggle to survive in their home state, and the Durhams' decision to relocate to Chicago during spring 1923, joining the great exodus of African Americans who left the bubbling heat and stifling racism of the Jim Crow South for the promise of opportunity and freedom in the North.
25
Chasen, Martin, and Gordon Giddings. Management issues in chronic pain following cancer therapy. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0135.
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With improved surveillance, diagnoses, and treatment of patients with cancer, an increased life expectancy, and specifically an increased number of ‘cancer cured’ patients, is noted. However, the long-term effects of the disease and treatment have a bearing on obtaining optimal physical, psychological, and cognitive functioning for cancer survivors. Pain impacts on all dimensions of quality of life and is one of the most distressing symptoms for patients. Patients often under-recognize pain and are unsure if optimum pain control is achievable. In addition, members of the interdisciplinary team often fail to assess the patient’s pain adequately, due to a lack of knowledge of the principles of pain relief and side effect management. Treatment requires an interprofessional approach that details a comprehensive assessment, with ongoing reassessment, utilizing both pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures. Empowerment of the cancer survivor, respect for survivors’ individuality and collaboration among team members are key elements of any successful strategy to optimize a patient’s quality of life.
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Hamblin, Jacob Darwin. The Wretched Atom. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197526903.001.0001.
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After the Second World War, the United States offered a new kind of atom that differed from the bombs that destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This atom would cure diseases, produce new foods, make deserts bloom, and provide abundant energy for all. It was an atom destined for the formerly colonized, recently occupied, and mostly non-white parts of the world that were dubbed the “wretched of the earth” by Frantz Fanon. The “peaceful atom” had so much propaganda potential that President Dwight Eisenhower used it to distract the world from his plan to test even bigger thermonuclear weapons. His scientists said the peaceful atom would quicken the pulse of nature, speeding nations along the path of economic development and helping them to escape the clutches of disease, famine, and energy shortfalls. That promise became one of the most misunderstood political weapons of the twentieth century. It was adopted by every subsequent US president to exert leverage over other nations’ weapons programs, to corner world markets of uranium and thorium, and to secure petroleum supplies. Other countries embraced it, building reactors and training experts. Atomic promises were embedded in Japan’s postwar recovery, Ghana’s pan-Africanism, Israel’s quest for survival, Pakistan’s brinksmanship with India, and Iran’s pursuit of nuclear independence. As The Wretched Atom shows, promoting civilian atomic energy was an immense gamble, and it was never truly peaceful. American promises ended up exporting violence and peace in equal measure. While the United States promised peace and plenty, it planted the seeds of dependency and set in motion the creation of today’s expanded nuclear club.