Journal articles: 'Survival analysis (Biometry)'

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Oluyede, Broderick O. "ON INEQUALITIES AND SELECTION OF EXPERIMENTS FOR LENGTH BIASED DISTRIBUTIONS." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 13, no. 2 (April 1999): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964899132030.

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The length biased distribution occurs naturally for some sampling plans in reliability, biometry, and survival analysis. In this note, inequalities for length biased distributions are proved for monotone hazard functions and mean residual life functions. The problem of sampling and selection of experiments from the length biased distribution as opposed to the original distribution is addressed. Certain modified cross-entropy measures are also investigated.

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Gomes, M. Ivette, Marta Ferreira, and Víctor Leiva. "The extreme value Birnbaum-Saunders model, its moments and an application in biometry." Biometrical Letters 49, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bile-2013-0006.

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Summary The Birnbaum-Saunders (BS) model is a life distribution that has been widely studied and applied. Recently, a new version of the BS distribution based on extreme value theory has been introduced, named the extreme value Birnbaum-Saunders (EVBS) distribution. In this article we provide some further details on the EVBS models that can be useful as a supplement to the existing results. We use these models to analyse real survival time data for patients treated with alkylating agents for multiple myeloma. This analysis allow us to show the adequacy of these new statistical distributions and identify them as models useful for medical practitioners in order to predict survival times for such patients and evaluate changes in their treatment dose.

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Alzaid, Abdulhamid A. "Length-Biased Orderings with Applications." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 2, no. 3 (July 1988): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964800000887.

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A new partial ordering generated by the set of star-shaped functions is introduced. This ordering is equivalent to the stochastic comparison of the length-biased distributions which are frequently appropriate for certain natural sampling plans in biometry, reliability, and survival analysis studies. It is shown that the length-biased ordering fits in the framework of stochastic and variatiility orderings. It enjoys many properties similar to those of the stochastic and variability orderings.

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Kasai, Rodrigo Yutaka Dichoff, Ana Lúcia Salaro, Jener Alexandre Sampaio Zuanon, Céphora Maria Sabarense, Mateus Moraes Tavares, and Daniel Abreu Vasconcelos Campelo. "Feed training of giant trahira fingerlings fed diets containing different levels of vitamin C." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 40, no. 3 (March 2011): 463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982011000300001.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate suplemenation of vitamin C during feed training of giant trahira fingerlings. An experiment was established in a complete random design with seven treatments (0.0, 17.5, 52.5, 87.5, 122.5, 175.0 and 350.0 mg vitamin C/kg diet) and four repetitions. Giant trahira fingerlings (2.8 ± 0.2 cm) were distributed in 6-L aquaria at the density of 6 fish/L. A basal diet was formulated with 44.0% of crude protein and vitamin C and bovine heart were added in it daily. After 20 days, biometry of fish for evaluation of weight and length gains, rates of survival and cannibalism and uniformity of final length and for macroscopic observations of clinical signs of deficiency or excess of vitamin was carried out. After biometry evaluation, ten fish from each tested diet were collected for analysis of the fatty acid profile which was compared to profile of fish at the same life stage fed forage fish collected from breeding fishponds. Data on growth performance and fatty acid profiles were submitted to analyses of polynomial regression and uniformity of the final length was evaluated by the Bartlett test. There was a significant difference only for uniformity in final length and fatty acid profile of the carcass. Supplementation with 52.5 mg vitamin C/kg diet provided a greater uniformity of the final length of the fish. Fish from breeding fishponds presented lower concentration of PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) and higher concentration of saturated fatty acids compared to fish trained to accept dry diets.

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Jinadu, Faosat O., Adedolapo O. Nelson-Paseda, Tawaqualit A Ottun, and Ayokunle M. Olumodeji. "Placenta thickness: A sonographic index for foetal gestational age estimation." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2021.045.

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A healthy placenta is crucial for foetal well-being, growth and development and neonatal survival. Foetal sonographic biometric parameters are crucial in obstetric decision making. This study correlated placenta thickness with foetal biometry in the estimation of gestational age (EGA) and estimated foetal weight (EFW). This was a prospective cross-sectional study in which 400 healthy pregnant women at gestational ages of 13 to 37 weeks, who attended antenatal clinic at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, were consecutively recruited. Obstetric ultrasound (USS) was performed to assess placenta thickness (PT), USS EGA and EFW in each study participant. Correlation of these parameters was done using Pearson’s correlation. A regression equation used to assess the relationship between PT and EGA was determined using linear regression analysis at confidence interval of 95% and p-value<0.05. The mean age of the women studied was 30.8±4.8 years. The mean PT ranged from 14.50±0.71 mm at 14 weeks to 36.58±1.54 mm at 37 weeks (wks). There was strong positive correlation between PT and USS EGA (r=0.968, p=0.000). A significant positive correlation was also noted between PT and EFW (r=0.900, p=0.000). There was no correlation between PT and maternal characteristics such as parity(r=-0.015, p=0.772) or maternal age(r=0.018, p=0.720). Ultrasound determined placenta thickness correlated linearly and positively with estimated gestational age and foetal weight. A regression equation of estimated PT was derived as follows; PT(mm) = 1.011 EGA (wks) – 0.663. Ultrasound determined placenta thickness correlates linearly and positively with estimated gestational age and foetal weight.

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Oakes, D. "Biometrika Centenary: Survival analysis." Biometrika 88, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 99–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/88.1.99.

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7

Peng, L., and Y. Huang. "Survival analysis with temporal covariate effects." Biometrika 94, no. 3 (August 5, 2007): 719–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/asm058.

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Chan, K. C. G. "Survival analysis without survival data: connecting length-biased and case-control data." Biometrika 100, no. 3 (April 7, 2013): 764–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/ast008.

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9

SWEETING, TREVOR J. "Approximate Bayesian analysis of censored survival data." Biometrika 74, no. 4 (1987): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/74.4.809.

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10

Jung, S.-H. "Regression analysis for long-term survival rate." Biometrika 83, no. 1 (March 1, 1996): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/83.1.227.

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11

KEANEY, K. M., and L. J. WEI. "Interim analyses based on median survival times." Biometrika 81, no. 2 (1994): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/81.2.279.

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12

Parner, E. T. "Misspecified proportional hazard models and confirmatory analysis of survival data." Biometrika 88, no. 2 (June 1, 2001): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/88.2.459.

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13

LAGAKOS, S. W., L. M. BARRAJ, and V. DE GRUTTOLA. "Nonparametric analysis of truncated survival data, with application to AIDS." Biometrika 75, no. 3 (1988): 515–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/75.3.515.

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14

Soares, Adrielle Naiana Ribeiro, Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva, Evandro Neves Muniz, Marília Freitas de Vasconcelos Melo, Priscilla Santana Santos, and Ana da Silva Ledo. "Biometry, Emergence and Initial Growth of Accessions and Mangaba Progenies." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 4 (March 15, 2019): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n4p436.

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Mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) is a native fruit of great economic, cultural, and environmental importance in its areas of occurrence. Due to extractive activities and real estate pressure, the number of natural populations has considerably decreased. The propagation of the species is still one of the primary obstacles for orchard implantations, thus, studies that provide a better understanding of the dynamics of the species’ growth should be developed. This work aimed to evaluate the biometry, emergence, and initial growth of mangaba progenies (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), using the plant material from the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Coastal Tablelands, located in Itaporanga d’Ajuda, SE, Brazil. Treatments consisted of progenies from 17 accessions. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications of 25 seeds. Number of seeds per fruit, as well as fruit and seed weight (g), length (mm), width (mm), and thickness (mm) were evaluated. For emergence and initial growth, the following variables were analyzed: percentage of emergence (PE%), emergence speed index (ESI%), survival rate (SR%), height (H), stem diameter (SD), and the number of leaves (NL). Biometric analyses of fruits and seeds revealed significant phenotypic variability among mangaba accessions. Progenies of the accessions LGP1, LGP3, LGP4, PTP4, TCP2, TCP6, ABP1, ABP2, ABP4 and BIP4 showed better results for all emergence and initial growth variables. The progenies of accessions TCP1, BIP4, CAP5 and PRP5 expressed lower emergence and survival percentages, and low vigor.

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15

Coad, D. "Corrected confidence intervals after sequential testing with application to survival analysis." Biometrika 83, no. 4 (December 1, 1996): 763–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/83.4.763.

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16

Chen, Y. Q., and S. Cheng. "Semiparametric regression analysis of mean residual life with censored survival data." Biometrika 92, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/92.1.19.

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17

WEI, L. J., Z. YING, and D. Y. LIN. "Linear regression analysis of censored survival data based on rank tests." Biometrika 77, no. 4 (1990): 845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/77.4.845.

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18

Mammen, E., and J. P. Nielsen. "A General Approach to the Predictability Issue in Survival Analysis with Applications." Biometrika 94, no. 4 (August 5, 2007): 873–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/asm062.

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19

GOETGHEBEUR, ELS, and LOUISE RYAN. "Analysis of competing risks survival data when some failure types are missing." Biometrika 82, no. 4 (1995): 821–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/82.4.821.

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20

GRAY, ROBERT J. "A kernel method for incorporating information on disease progression in the analysis of survival." Biometrika 81, no. 3 (1994): 527–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/81.3.527.

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21

Yang, Song, and Ross Prentice. "Semiparametric analysis of short-term and long-term hazard ratios with two-sample survival data." Biometrika 92, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/92.1.1.

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22

Lai, Tze Leung, and Wenzhi Li. "Confidence intervals in group sequential trials with random group sizes and applications to survival analysis." Biometrika 93, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 641–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/93.3.641.

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23

Gorfine, Malka, David M. Zucker, and Li Hsu. "Prospective survival analysis with a general semiparametric shared frailty model: A pseudo full likelihood approach." Biometrika 93, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 735–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/93.3.735.

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24

Campagna, Aline Fernanda, Renata Fracácio, Beatriz Kawamura Rodrigues, Márcia Noélia Eler, Nelsy Fenerich Verani, and Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola. "Analyses of the sediment toxicity of Monjolinho River, São Carlos, São Paulo State, Brazil, using survey, growth and gill morphology of two fish species (Danio rerio and Poecilia reticulata)." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 51, no. 1 (February 2008): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132008000100023.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of the sediments of the Monjolinho River (São Carlos - São Paulo/Brazil), through partial chronic toxicity bioassays with juveniles of D. rerio and P. reticulata. Histological analyses of the gills and biometric measurements were conducted to detect the possible deleterious effects that caused the death. In all points the sampled the alterations were found in the gills (hyperplasia, fusion of secondary lamellas and dilation of blood vessels), with the most intense lesions (second stage) occurring at the point two. The biometric analysis pointed to inadequate conditions for the growth of the test-organisms when exposed to the sediment samples. These results showed that the conditions of these environments were not suitable for the survival and growth of these fishes.

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Zhao, Luping, Timothy E. Hanson, and Bradley P. Carlin. "Mixtures of Polya trees for flexible spatial frailty survival modelling." Biometrika 96, no. 2 (April 27, 2009): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/asp014.

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Abstract Mixtures of Polya trees offer a very flexible nonparametric approach for modelling time-to-event data. Many such settings also feature spatial association that requires further sophistication, either at the point level or at the lattice level. In this paper, we combine these two aspects within three competing survival models, obtaining a data analytic approach that remains computationally feasible in a fully hierarchical Bayesian framework using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. We illustrate our proposed methods with an analysis of spatially oriented breast cancer survival data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program of the National Cancer Institute. Our results indicate appreciable advantages for our approach over competing methods that impose unrealistic parametric assumptions, ignore spatial association or both.

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MÜLLER, HANS-GEORG, and JANE-LINE WANG. "Nonparametric analysis of changes in hazard rates for censored survival data: An alternative to change-point models." Biometrika 77, no. 2 (1990): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/77.2.305.

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Santos, Marcos Paulo dos, Ana Paula Silva Siqueira, Lismaíra Gonçalves Caixeta Garcia, Luís Henrique Costa Vasconcelos, and Eli Regina Barboza de Souza. "Survival and establishment in field of mangaba seedlings transplanted at different ages." Comunicata Scientiae 9, no. 1 (July 16, 2018): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v9i1.2572.

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The propagation of mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) occurs mainly by seeds, a lower cost method that guarantees genotypic diversity. The great barrier is the lack of knowledge of the proper transplanting time of these seedlings. This way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the development of mangaba seedlings transplanted at different ages during the summer in Goiânia, Brazil. A randomized complete block design was used in a 2x4 factorial arrangement, with two mangaba subspecies (gardneri and cuiabenses) and four transplanting ages [45, 60, 75 and 90 days after sowing (DAS)], with four replications. Before transplanting, a destructive analysis was carried out on three plants of each subspecies to determine the biometric characteristics as a function of seedling age. The field evaluations initiated at120 DAS, evaluating monthly the seedling survival (%), plant height, stem diameter and number of live leaves per plant until 210 DAS. The biometric characteristics were not affected by the mangaba subspecies. The plant survival decreased linearly throughout the experimental period, regardless of the subspecies. The interaction age transplanting x DAS showed that at 210 DAS the seedlings transplanted later presented greater growth in height and number of live leaves. Regardless of the subspecies, the mangaba presents limitations for establishment in the field, and it is recommended the transplantio of seedlings with 90 days of age.

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Koper, Maarten C., Nina M. C. Mathijssen, and Stephan B. W. Vehmeijer. "A 5-Year Survival Analysis of 160 Biomet Magnum M2 metal-on-Metal Total Hip Prostheses." HIP International 26, no. 1 (February 11, 2015): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/hipint.5000293.

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Smirnov, A. I., V. F. Nikitin, A. A. Generalova, and P. A. Aksenov. "European spruce (Picea abies L.) survival ability and morphological traits of seedlings treated with low-frequency electromagnetic field and planted with hydrogel application." Forestry Bulletin 25 (October 2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2021-5-22-29.

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The results of the study indicate a clear positive effect of the low-frequency electromagnetic field and hydrogel on the increase in the survival rate of experimental samples of European spruce seedlings (Picea abies L.) treated with BOT technology in relation to the control samples. The results of comparative biometric analysis are presented, which prove the effectiveness of methods of processing spruce seedlings with a low-frequency electromagnetic field and applying hydrogel to the soil. The histometric analysis of experimental and control samples of European Spruce seedlings confirmed the positive effect of the low-frequency electromagnetic field on the anatomical structure of the xylem of seedlings treated using the BOT technology.

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McArdle, John J. "Latent Curve Analyses of Longitudinal Twin Data Using a Mixed-Effects Biometric Approach." Twin Research and Human Genetics 9, no. 3 (June 1, 2006): 343–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.9.3.343.

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AbstractIn a recent article McArdle and Prescott (2005) showed how simultaneous estimation of the bio-metric parameters can be easily programmed using current mixed-effects modeling programs (e.g., SAS PROC MIXED). This article extends these concepts to deal with mixed-effect modeling of longitudinal twin data. The biometric basis of a polynomial growth curve model was used by Vandenberg and Falkner (1965) and this general class of longitudinal models was represented in structural equation form as a latent curve model by McArdle (1986). The new mixed-effects modeling approach presented here makes it easy to analyze longitudinal growth-decline models with biometric components based on standard maximum likelihood estimation and standard indices of goodness-of-fit (i.e., χ2, df, εa). The validity of this approach is first checked by the creation of simulated longitudinal twin data followed by numerical analysis using different computer programs (i.e., Mplus, Mx, MIXED, NLMIXED). The practical utility of this approach is examined through the application of these techniques to real longitudinal data from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (Pedersen et al., 2002). This approach generally allows researchers to explore the genetic and nongenetic basis of the latent status and latent changes in longitudinal scores in the absence of measurement error. These results show the mixed-effects approach easily accounts for complex patterns of incomplete longitudinal or twin pair data. The results also show this approach easily allows a variety of complex latent basis curves, such as the use of age-at-testing instead of wave-of-testing. Natural extensions of this mixed-effects longitudinal approach include more intensive studies of the available data, the analysis of categorical longitudinal data, and mixtures of latent growth-survival/ frailty models.

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Westrop, Stephen R., and Rolf Ludvigsen. "Biogeographic control of trilobite mass extinction at an Upper Cambrian “biomere” boundary." Paleobiology 13, no. 1 (1987): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300008605.

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Extinctions at the top of the Sunwaptan Stage (=“Ptychaspid Biomere”) near the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary eliminated about half of North American trilobite families. The families that extend from the shelf into the upper slope show significantly higher survival than those confined to the shelf. Biofacies and lithofacies distribution patterns indicate that the extinctions cannot be attributed to a shelfwide physical environmental perturbation, such as a fall in water temperature or the spread of anoxic waters. We develop a simple biogeographic model which suggests that diversity of a faunal province is influenced profoundly by changes in the number of component biofacies. This model is tested with an analysis of biofacies distribution patterns across the upper boundary of the Sunwaptan Stage. The extinctions correspond closely to lithofacies shifts in the outer shelf that indicate the initiation of major paleogeographic changes, possibly in response to a sea-level rise. The effects of these changes cascade across the entire shelf by the shoreward migration of off-shelf and shelf-margin taxa. Biofacies become reduced in number through telescoping and their environmental ranges expand during the extinction interval, suggesting an increase in the proportion of eurytopic taxa. Selective survival of wide-ranging eurytopes may have influenced the dynamics of faunal replacement by lowering speciation rates of shelf taxa. Consequently, the proportion of shelf endemics will decline and biofacies will be dominated by immigrant taxa. There are sufficient similarities in extinction patterns across the upper boundary of the Sunwaptan Stage and those at other Upper Cambrian stage boundaries to suggest that the biogeographic model developed here may have broader application.

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Gallegos-Cedillo, Victor M., Fernando Diánez, Cinthia Nájera, and Mila Santos. "Plant Agronomic Features Can Predict Quality and Field Performance: A Bibliometric Analysis." Agronomy 11, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 2305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112305.

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Plant quality and survival prediction tools are useful when applied in the field in different agricultural sectors. The objectives of this study were to conduct a review and bibliometric analysis of the Dickson Quality Index (DQI) as a key plant quality indicator and with respect to its scientific applications. A third objective was to identify the main morphological and physiological parameters used in plant production research. The methodology and findings of 289 scientific articles were analysed based on the morphological, physiological, and mathematical parameters used as plant quality indicators in research on forest, medicinal, horticultural, aromatic, and ornamental species. During the last 10 years, the number of publications that have used the DQI as a plant quality parameter has increased by 150%, and Brazilian researchers stand out as the most frequent users. Forestry is the discipline where quality parameters and their biometric relationships are most often used to facilitate intensive plant production. Use of the DQI increases the certainty of prediction, selection, and productivity in the plant production chain. The DQI is a robust tool with scientific application and great potential for use in the preselection of plants with high quality standards among a wide range of plant species.

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Smirnov, A. I., F. S. Orlov, P. A. Aksenov, and V. F. Nikitin. "Low-frequency electromagnetic field and hydrogel to increase survival rate and growth of European spruce (Picea abies L.) seedlings." FORESTRY BULLETIN 25, no. 1 (February 2021): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2021-1-45-52.

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This paper presents the results of a study that was conducted in the Sergiev Posad forestry of the Moscow region forestry Department with the participation of the laboratory of the Department of Forest crops, breeding and dendrology of the BMSTU (Mytishchi branch). This study shows the technology of planting European (Picea abies L.), seedlings in culture, which can significantly increase the survival rate of experimental samples and improve their biometric characteristics: height, diameter of the root neck, weight, and also the anatomical structure of seedlings. The experiments were performed using a low-frequency generator «Rost-Active», the author’s technology pre-sowing treatment of seeds and seedlings by an electromagnetic field, hydrogel (polymer water-retaining agent) and a method of histometric analysis of cross sections of control and experimental stems of European spruce seedlings. The results of the study indicate a clear positive effect of electromagnetic field and hydrogel on the increase in survival of experimental samples of seedlings of common European spruce in relation to the control. Also, the results of comparative histometric analysis indicate the effectiveness of methods for treating pine seedlings with low-frequency EMF and applying hydrogel to the soil.

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Estellés-Domingo, Irene, and Pascual López-López. "Non-Invasive Sex Determination of Nestlings and Adult Bonelli’s Eagles Using Morphometrics." Animals 13, no. 7 (March 30, 2023): 1201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13071201.

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Biometric analysis allows the sexing of most vertebrates, particularly birds. Birds of prey, and, especially, the Bonelli’s eagle (Aquila fasciata), show reverse sexual dimorphism (i.e., females are usually larger than males). In contrast to blood sampling, the use of morphometrics allows sex determination using a non-invasive method, and, therefore, it facilitates fieldwork. By means of a linear discriminant analysis of biometric variables, we obtained different equations that allow the sexing of nestlings and adult Bonelli’s eagles. We sampled 137 Bonelli’s eagles, 82 nestlings and 55 adults in eastern Spain during the period 2015–2022. The sexes obtained after linear discriminant analysis were compared with their molecular sexing. The validation procedure of the linear discriminant equations facilitated the reduction of the number of variables used and, consequently, optimised working time and sexing accuracy. After validation, some equations showed a 100% sexing efficiency for Bonelli’s eagles, particularly for adults. Our results showed that the variables with smaller overlap between the sexes were the lateral tarsus length and dorso-ventral tarsus length, particularly in nestlings. The rest of the variables showed some overlap between the sexes in both age classes. The results we obtained enable the sexing of juvenile and adult Bonelli’s eagles in the field using just these two measurements. Hence, this is an easy, accurate, quick and non-invasive method with multiple applications, including in studies on population dynamics, survival analysis or extinction risk assessments, which, ultimately, could contribute to the improvement of the conservation status of this endangered species.

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Yakubu, Abdulmojeed, Praise Jegede, Mathew Wheto, Ayoola J. Shoyombo, Ayotunde O. Adebambo, Mustapha A. Popoola, Osamede H. Osaiyuwu, et al. "Multivariate characterisation of morpho-biometric traits of indigenous helmeted Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) in Nigeria." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 13, 2022): e0261048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261048.

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This study was conducted to characterise phenotypically helmeted Guinea fowls in three agro-ecologies in Nigeria using multivariate approach. Eighteen biometric characters, four morphological indices and eleven qualitative physical traits were investigated in a total of 569 adult birds (158 males and 411 females). Descriptive statistics, non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis H test followed by the Mann–Whitney U and Dunn-Bonferroni tests for post hoc, Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), Univariate Analysis, Canonical Discriminant Analysis, Categorical Principal Component Analysis and Decision Trees were employed to discern the effects of agro-ecological zone and sex on the morphostructural parameters. Agro-ecology had significant effect (P<0.05; P<0.01) on all the colour traits. In general, the most frequently observed colour phenotype of Guinea fowl had pearl plumage colour (54.0%), pale red skin colour (94.2%), black shank colour (68.7%), brown eye colour (49.7%), white earlobe colour (54.8%) and brown helmet colour (72.6%). The frequencies of helmet shape and wattle size were significantly influenced (P<0.01) by agro-ecology and sex. Overall, birds from the Southern Guinea Savanna zone had significantly higher values (P<0.05) for most biometric traits compared to their Sudano-Sahelian and Tropical Rainforest counterparts. They were also more compact (120.00 vs. 110.00 vs. 107.69) but had lesser condition index (7.66 vs. 9.45 vs. 9.30) and lower long-leggedness (19.71 vs. 19.23 vs. 9.51) than their counterparts from the two other zones. Sexual dimorphism (P<0.05) was in favour of male birds especially those in Southern Guinea Savanna and Sudano-Sahelian zones. However, the MCA and discriminant analysis revealed considerable intermingling of the qualitative physical traits, biometric traits and body indices especially between the Sudano-Sahelian and Tropical Rainforest birds. In spite of the high level of genetic admixture, the Guinea fowl populations could to a relative extent be distinguished using wing length, body length and eye colour. Generally, the birds from the three zones appeared to be more homogeneous than heterogeneous in nature. However, further complementary work on genomics will guide future selection and breeding programs geared towards improving the productivity, survival and environmental adaptation of indigenous helmeted Guinea fowls in the tropics.

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Favetta, Vanessa, Ronan Carlos Colombo, José Fernando Mangili Júnior, and Ricardo Tadeu de Faria. "Light sources and culture media in the in vitro growth of the Brazilian orchid Microlaelia lundii." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4 (August 4, 2017): 1775. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4p1775.

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The Brazilian micro-orchid Microlaelia lundii enchants by its beautiful blooms in winter, but its cultivation is still a challenge, requiring specific care. The objectiv of this work was to evaluate the influence of light sources and culture media on in vitro growth and ex vitro survival of this micro-orchid. M. lundii seedlings were transferred to flasks containing the culture medium ½ MS and Simplified Medium, consisting of 5 mL L-1 of Biofert Plus® NPK fertilizer (09-08-09) and 60 g L-1 of ‘Nanica’ banana pulp. These flasks were placed in a growth chamber composed of seven environments, characterized by types of lighting: L1) LEDtube 4000K; L2) LEDtube 6500K; L3) L1 + L2; L4) L1 + L1; L5) red LED; L6) blue LED; L7) fluorescent lamp (control). After 200 days of cultivation, biometric growth parameters and leaves chlorophyll content were evaluated together with the percentage of seedling survival when acclimatized. At the end of the experiment, an analysis of individual variances and a combined analysis of the environments were carried out. The simplified medium led to higher seedlings, especially for light source L6. Light sources L1, L2, L3 and L4 promoted an increase in the seedlings root system in the simplified medium. As for the chlorophyll content, L4 and L7 showed higher contents of chlorophyll a and b. The simplified medium led practically to 100% of seedling survival, regardless of the light source used. Results shown that the simplified medium for light sources L1, L2, L3 and L4 is recommended for the in vitro propagation of M. lundii.

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Vaidya, Rakhee, Domenica Caramazza, Christy Finke, Terra Lasho, Animesh Pardanani, and Ayalew Tefferi. "Circulating IL-2R, IL-8, IL-15 and CXCL10 Levels Are Independently Prognostic In Primary Myelofibrosis: A Comprehensive Cytokine Profiling Study." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 3068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.3068.3068.

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Abstract Abstract 3068 Background: Abnormal cytokine expression accompanies the disease process in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to be down-regulated by JAK inhibitor therapy. The prognostic relevance of increased cytokine levels in PMF has not been systematically studied. The objectives of the current study were to describe the spectrum of abnormal cytokine expression in PMF and determine its prognostic relevance. Methods: A multiplex biometric sandwich immunoassay (Invitrogen multiplex assays, Invitrogen Corporation-Carlsbad CA, USA) was used for simultaneous analysis of 30 cytokine levels. Diluted plasma was mixed with fluorescently addressed microbeads bound with anti-cytokine antibodies. Biotin anticytokine secondary antibodies were then added and allowed to bind to cytokine-bead complexes. Total surface fluorescence for each bead was then measured using a Luminex (Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX, USA) fluorescent flow-based detection system. Results: Cytokine levels at diagnosis were analyzed for a total of 127 treatment naïve patients with PMF, who had stored sera at the time of diagnosis or first referral to the Mayo Clinic. The circulating levels of 30 cytokines in the multiplex assay were compared between PMF patients (n=127) and normal controls (n=31). Significant differences (p<0.05) were evident for 20 of the 30 cytokines: IL-1b, IL-1RA, IL-2R,IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL- 15, TNF-α, G-CSF, INF-α, INF-γ, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, HGF, CXCL10, MIG, MCP-1 and VEGF. On univariate analysis, increased levels of 9 of these 20 cytokines were associated with shortened survival (p<0.05): IL-1RA, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-15, MIP-1α, CXCL10 and MIG. On multivariable analysis, 4 of these 9 cytokines maintained their prognostic value for survival: IL-2R (p=0.0011), IL-8 (p<0.0001), IL-15 (p=0.0124) and CXCL10 (p=0.0031). The independent prognostic value of these 4 cytokines was sustained during additional multivariable analysis that included the Dynamic International Prognostic System Score and cytogenetic risk category. Next, we divided the 127 patients into three cytokine risk categories based on the serum levels of IL-2R, IL-8, IL-15 and CXCL10: none elevated, one or two elevated and three or four elevated. The respective median survivals were 69, 37 and 19 months (p=0.01; Figure 1) and such cytokine risk categorization was both DIPSS and cytogenetic risk independent; p values for multivariable analysis including cytokine, DIPSS, cytogenetic risk groups were 0.02, 0.0001 and 0.004, respectively. Conclusions: Elevated serum levels of IL-2R, IL-8, IL- 15 and CXCL10 independently predict shortened survival in PMF and such prognostication appears to be independent of DIPSS and cytogenetic risk category. The current study suggests clinical relevance of multiple cytokines in PMF that could be therapeutically targeted. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Anselmo, Luca. "Habitat selection and morphology of Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) in Alps (Susa Valley, Piedmont, NW Italy) (Insecta: Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Saginae)." Fragmenta Entomologica 51, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/fe.2019.336.

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This paper is a contribution to the knowledge of Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771), summarizing the results of a field study carried out on a population of the Italian W Alps. The peculiar eco-ethological traits of this species make its observation difficult in nature and overall also its biology is little known, especially in Italy. The habitat selection is outlined from 34 unpublished presence data, collected between 2016 and 2018. Moreover, some biometric traits are compared between adult individuals observed in two different and disjointed survey areas. The results show that the environments in which this species lives in Susa Valley should not be referred exclusively to xerothermic oases in strict sense. This species appears to be also associated, in fact, with xeric environments of agricultural origin, mostly abandoned vineyards. These land uses (especially viticulture) could have guaranteed the survival of S. pedo over time. The closure of these open areas by shrub and tree vegetation, constitutes an important threat factor. Phenology and morphology of this species in Susa Valley, seem do not differ from those reported for other European populations. However, from the biometric analysis some significant differences emerge (p<0.05) among the individuals sampled in the two areas, that are difficult to interpret. The observation of imagoes, always combined with high densities of potential prey and sometimes grouped, suggests some hypotheses that it would be interesting to test, to learn more about the ethology and ecology of this enigmatic protected species.

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Sautkina, Marina Yu, Nina F. Kuznetsova, Michael A. Semenov, and Andrew S. Khoroschev. "Effectiveness of biotechnology on the basis of associative microorganisms at the early stages of forestry process of the Pinus sylvestris L." BIO Web of Conferences 42 (2022): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224202012.

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The transition to biologically based technologies is one of the priority scientific areas of agriculture and forestry in Russia. The aim of the work is to develop and modify the technology of using biological products on forest tree species and to test it on Scots pine. The effect of pre-sowing inoculation of pine seeds with biological products on soil germination, safety of one- and two-year-old seedlings and their biometric characteristics was studied. The results of the analysis of soil germination of seeds and the safety of 1-year-old seedlings showed that these biological products can be introduced into the technology of growing planting material of Scots pine. It was revealed that the seeds of sensitive trees of the Stupinskaya population turned out to be the most responsive to inoculation with biological products. A stimulating effect has been established on the survival rate of seedlings, preservation, height, growth and diameter of 2-year-old plants in a forestry area (Vernadsky forestry, Tambov region). The height of 2-year-old seedlings of pine 'Ostrogozhskaya' exceeds the control by an average of 18.1%. The use of this biotechnology in forestry production will create favorable conditions for the germination of pine seeds, the growth of seedlings and their higher survival rate.

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SILVA, LUNARA GRAZIELLY COSTA DA, JEFFERSON FRANCISCO LIMA MOREIRA, HERICLES BRUNO BEZERRA HOLANDA, EMANUEL LUCAS BEZERRA ROCHA, and POLIANA COQUEIRO DIAS. "EVALUATION OF CARNAUBA PROGENIES AND ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS IN THE JUVENILE PHASE." Revista Caatinga 31, no. 4 (December 2018): 917–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n414rc.

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ABSTRACT Carnauba (Copernicia prunifera) is a forest species with multiple uses, and is of great economic and social importance for several communities involved in extractive agriculture in northeastern Brazil. However, there are few studies on genetic variability in this species. Thus, this work aimed to produce information about the genetic characterization of C. prunifera seeds and seedlings, using provenance and progeny evaluations. A progeny test was performed in a plant nursery, using seeds of 36 matrices sampled in the municipalities of Mossoró and Apodi (Rio Grande do Norte State), and Russas and Icapuí (Ceará State). Three groups were derived according to the spatial distance between the collected matrices. Biometric analyses of the seeds were performed, adopting a completely randomized experimental design, with four replicates of 25 seeds in each analysis. A randomized block design (five replicates and five plants per plot) was used at the seedling production phase. The data evaluated included the emergence speed index, emergence percentage, leaf size, leaf base diameter, and survival (at 30, 60, and 90 days after sowing). The restricted maximum likelihood method was used in the statistical analysis, with the aid of SELEGEN software. In order to evaluate genetic variability in the C. prunifera population samples, it was verified that the juvenile characters presented a moderate genetic control. The three groups of spatially delimited matrices presented no significant genetic differences. This information may assist in the development of forestry practice for this species.

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Chaudhry, Faran, Anser Daud, Arieh Greenberg, Doris Braunstein, Oleg A. Safir, Allan E. Gross, and Paul R. Kuzyk. "Cup-cage constructs in revision total hip arthroplasty for pelvic discontinuity." Bone & Joint Journal 106-B, no. 5 Supple B (May 1, 2024): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.106b5.bjj-2023-0842.r1.

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AimsPelvic discontinuity is a challenging acetabular defect without a consensus on surgical management. Cup-cage reconstruction is an increasingly used treatment strategy. The present study evaluated implant survival, clinical and radiological outcomes, and complications associated with the cup-cage construct.MethodsWe included 53 cup-cage construct (51 patients) implants used for hip revision procedures for pelvic discontinuity between January 2003 and January 2022 in this retrospective review. Mean age at surgery was 71.8 years (50.0 to 92.0; SD 10.3), 43/53 (81.1%) were female, and mean follow-up was 6.4 years (0.02 to 20.0; SD 4.6). Patients were implanted with a Trabecular Metal Revision Shell with either a ZCA cage (n = 12) or a TMARS cage (n = 40, all Zimmer Biomet). Pelvic discontinuity was diagnosed on preoperative radiographs and/or intraoperatively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed, with failure defined as revision of the cup-cage reconstruction.ResultsThe five-year all-cause survival for cup-cage reconstruction was 73.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 61.4 to 85.4), while the ten- and 15-year survival was 63.7% (95% CI 46.8 to 80.6). Survival due to aseptic loosening was 93.4% (95% CI 86.2 to 100.0) at five, ten, and 15 years. The rate of revision for aseptic loosening, infection, and dislocation was 3/53 (5.7%), 7/53 (13.2%), and 6/53 (11.3%), respectively. The mean leg length discrepancy improved (p < 0.001) preoperatively from a mean of 18.2 mm (0 to 80; SD 15.8) to 7.0 mm (0 to 35; SD 9.8) at latest follow-up. The horizontal and vertical hip centres improved (p < 0.001) preoperatively from a mean of 9.2 cm (5.6 to 17.5; SD 2.3) to 10.1 cm (6.2 to 13.4; SD 2.1) and 9.3 cm (4.7 to 15.8; SD 2.5) to 8.0 cm (3.7 to 12.3; SD 1.7), respectively.ConclusionCup-cage reconstruction provides acceptable outcomes in the management of pelvic discontinuity. One in four constructs undergo revision within five years, most commonly for periprosthetic joint infection, dislocation, or aseptic loosening.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5 Supple B):66–73.

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Amezcua Hempel, Heidi, María Salud Rubio Lozano, Eliseo Manuel Hernández Baumgarten, Pablo Correa Girón †, Oscar Torres Ángeles, María Antonia Coba Ayala, Jose Abel Ciprián Carrasco, and Susana Elisa Mendoza Elvira. "Survival of classic swine fever virus in hams made from the meat of pigs vaccinated with the PAV-250 strain and unvaccinated pigs." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 10, no. 3 (September 11, 2019): 536–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v10i3.4528.

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The study was to determine the presence of Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFv), in the meat of vaccinated pigs with the PAV-250 strain and then challenged using the same strain. Five treatment groups were established (each with four pigs). Group A: Pigs thatwere fed with processed hams from negative animals; Group B: Pigs that were fed with processed hams from commercial pigs inoculated with the ALD (reference strain) (titre of 104.0/ml); Group C: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs infected with the virulent ALD strain (titre of 102.5/ml); Group D: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs vaccinated with the PAV-250 strain and challenged with the ALD strain (titre of 101.1/ml); and Group E: Pigs fed with processed hams from pigs vaccinated with two doses of the PAV-250 strain and challenged with the ALD strain (negative). Blood samples were taken at d 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 for biometric analysis. Groups B, C and D manifested clinical signs of CSFv: 40 °C temperature, anorexia, paralysis, vomiting, diarrhea, tremor, hirsute hair and cyanosis. Pigs were slaughtered and necropsies performed to identify lesions in tissues. Results of direct immunofluorescence testing of tissues were positive and the virus was recovered. Under these study conditions, it was found that CSFv resisted the cooking method at 68 °C for 40 min in hams from unvaccinated pigs, and that the virus was able to transmit the disease to healthy unvaccinated pigs, whereas the hams from the vaccinated animals did not transmit the virus.

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Smirnov, A. I., F. S. Orlov, P. A. Aksenov, and Yu V. Yaskov. "The Effectiveness of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field and Hydrogel Influence on Survival Rate and Growth of Red Oak (Quercus rubra L.) Annual Seedlings." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 5 (November 5, 2020): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2020-5-81-89.

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This work presents the results of a research that was conducted in the Donskoy Leskhoz nursery of the Forestry Department of the Lipetsk Region. The purpose of the research is to determine the effectiveness of the influence of a low-frequency electromagnetic field and the hydrogel “Evabiona” on the survival rate of red oak annual seedlings grown in open ground of the nursery. This research presents the technology for creating red oak planting material with increased survival indices of test samples and their biometric parameters: seedling height, seedling diameter at a root collar, weight of roots and aboveground part in the air-dry condition after drying for 15 days. Treatment of red oak one-year old seedlings with a low frequency electromagnetic field was carried out according to the author’s technology POSEP – pre-sowing treatment of seeds and seedlings with an electromagnetic field. The hydrogel, a polymer water-retaining agent that absorbs and retains a large amount of moisture in the rhizosphere of plants, was applied to soil in the experimental research. The ability of the hydrogel granules to swell-compression improves the structure and drainage of soils, boosting the conditions of aeration and filtration of water, and maintains its waterretaining properties for several years. The research results indicate a clear positive effect of treatment with a low-frequency electromagnetic field and the hydrogel, as there was a significant increase in the survival rate of the test samples of oak seedlings in relation to the control samples. Also within the framework of the research a comparative histometric analysis of cross sections of control and test stems of oak seedlings was carried out late in the growing season at the laboratory of the Department of Forest Crops, Selection and Dendrology of the Mytishchi Branch of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The results of this research showed that a low-frequency electromagnetic field and the hydrogel can influence on the anatomical structure of seedlings, improving their quality characteristics. Thus, pre-sowing treatment of oak seedlings with a low-frequency electromagnetic field and the use of the hydrogel showed the effectiveness of these techniques in increasing the survival rate of seedlings and obtaining high-quality planting material of red oak in forest nurseries.

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Gross, A., O. Safir, and P. Kuzyk. "LONG-TERM FOLLOW UP OF THE CUP-CAGE RECONSTRUCTION FOR PELVIC DISCONTINUITY." Orthopaedic Proceedings 105-B, SUPP_12 (June 23, 2023): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2023.12.004.

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Pelvic discontinuity is a separation through the acetabulum with the ilium displacing superiorly and the ischium/pubis displacing inferiorly. This is a biomechanically challenging environment with a high rate of failure for standard acetabular components. The cup-cage reconstruction involves the use of a highly porous metal cup to achieve biological bone ingrowth on both sides of the pelvic discontinuity and an ilioischial cage to provide secure fixation across the discontinuity and bring the articulating hip center to the correct level. The purpose of this study was to report long term follow up of the use of the cup-cage to treat pelvic discontinuity.All hip revision procedures between January 2003 and January 2022 where a cup-cage was used for a hip with a pelvic discontinuity were included in this retrospective review. All patients received a Trabecular Metal Revision Shell with either a ZCA cage or TMARS cage (Zimmer-Biomet Inc.). Pelvic discontinuity was diagnosed on pre-operative radiographs and/or intraoperatively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed with failure defined as revision of the cup-cage reconstruction.Fifty-seven cup-cages in 56 patients were included with an average follow-up of 6.25 years (0.10 to 19.98 years). The average age of patients was 72.09 years (43 to 92 years) and 70.2% of patients were female. The five year Kaplan-Meier survival was 92.0% (95% CI 84.55 to 99.45) and the ten year survival was 80.5% (95% CI 58.35 to 102.65). There were 5 major complications that required revision of the cup-cage reconstruction (3 infections and 2 mechanical failures). There were 9 complications that required re-operation without revision of the cup-cage reconstruction (5 dislocations, 3 washouts for infection and one femoral revision for aseptic loosening).In our hands the cup-cage reconstruction has provided a reliable tool to address pelvic discontinuity with an acceptable complication rate.

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Sampaio, Stéfane, Rodrigo Oliveira, Kelly Borges, Alison Gouveia, Julia Silva, Adelir Santos, Murilo Carrijo, et al. "Influence of Monochromatic Light during Incubation on the Production and Metabolism of Low-Temperature Broiler Chicks." Animals 14, no. 11 (May 30, 2024): 1620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14111620.

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The use of artificial lighting during the incubation phase is a tool that has been studied with the aim of increasing the production rates and hatchability. Using this, this study aims to investigate the effects of the luminous incidence of white and red monochromatic light on the production and metabolism of broiler chicks subjected to low temperatures. A total of 315 eggs of Ross 708 heavy breeders were used. The eggs were distributed randomly, with 35 eggs per tray, totaling 105 eggs per incubator. The treatments were the following: incubation without the use of light; the use of white monochromatic light; and the use of red monochromatic light. The lamps used were of the LED type. The samples were distributed in the factorial completely randomized experimental design with position effect on the tray. Candling, egg weighing, calculating the probability of survival and egg weight loss were performed. Temperatures were recorded using a thermographic camera. At birth, three chicks per tray were euthanized for evaluation: weight with and without yolk residue, gastrointestinal tract biometry, and blood and liver biochemistry. Analyses were performed using the R computational program. It was observed that there was a significant effect of the treatments on the levels of calcium, phosphorus, cholesterol, amylase, glucose, urea and glutamate pyruvate transaminase on the biochemical profile of the blood and on the thermographic temperatures of the eggs; the experiment was kept at low temperatures resulting in thermal stress, with an average temperature of 34.5 °C. Therefore, the use of red and white monochromatic light in the artificial incubation process for brown-colored eggs is not recommended, because in the post-hatching phase, it promoted the metabolism dysregulation on the blood biochemical profile to control the differentiation in the wavelength of traditional incubation.

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Cerbone, L., E. Blondeaux, L. Boni, T. Ruelle, S. Russo, M. Bonotto, G. Targato, et al. "261P Survival outcomes of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients in the pre-immunotherapy age: An analysis of Gruppo Italiano Mammella (GIM) 14 BIOMETA study with a focus on biological subtypes." Annals of Oncology 32 (September 2021): S475—S476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.544.

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Cordova-de la Cruz, Simrith E., Marta F. Riesco, Gil Martínez-Bautista, Daniel Calzada-Ruiz, Talhia Martínez-Burguete, Emyr S. Peña-Marín, Carlos Alfonso Álvarez-Gonzalez, and Ignacio Fernández. "Larval Development in Tropical Gar (Atractosteus tropicus) Is Dependent on the Embryonic Thermal Regime: Ecological Implications under a Climate Change Context." Fishes 7, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes7010016.

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In ectotherm species, environmental temperature plays a key role in development, growth, and survival. Thus, determining how temperature affects fish populations is of utmost importance to accurately predict the risk of climate change over fisheries and aquaculture, critical to warrant nutrition and food security in the coming years. Here, the potential effects of abnormal thermal regimes (24, 28 and 32 °C; TR24, TR28, and TR32, respectively) exclusively applied during embryogenesis in tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus) has been explored to decipher the potential consequences on hatching and growth from fertilization to 16 days post-fertilization (dpf), while effects on skeletal development and body morphology were explored at fertilization and 16 dpf. Egg incubation at higher temperatures induced an early hatching and mouth opening. A higher hatching rate was obtained in eggs incubated at 28 °C when compared to those at 24 °C. No differences were found in fish survival at 16 dpf, with values ranging from 84.89 to 88.86%, but increased wet body weight and standard length were found in larvae from TR24 and TR32 groups. Thermal regime during embryogenesis also altered the rate at which the skeletal development occurs. Larvae from the TR32 group showed an advanced skeletal development, with a higher development of cartilaginous structures at hatching but reduced at 16 dpf when compared with the TR24 and TR28 groups. Furthermore, this advanced skeletal development seemed to determine the fish body morphology. Based on biometric measures, a principal component analysis showed how along development, larvae from each thermal regime were clustered together, but with each population remaining clearly separated from each other. The current study shows how changes in temperature may induce craniofacial and morphological alterations in fish during early stages and contribute to understanding the possible effects of global warming in early development of fish and its ecological implications.

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Rojas-Padilla, Jonathan, Luz Estela de-Bashan, Fannie Isela Parra-Cota, Jorge Rocha-Estrada, and Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos. "Microencapsulation of Bacillus Strains for Improving Wheat (Triticum turgidum Subsp. durum) Growth and Development." Plants 11, no. 21 (October 29, 2022): 2920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212920.

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Bio-formulation technologies have a limited impact on agricultural productivity in developing countries, especially those based on plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Thus, calcium alginate microbeads were synthesized and used for the protection and delivery of three beneficial Bacillus strains for agricultural applications. The process of encapsulation had a high yield per gram for all bacteria and the microbeads protected the Bacillus strains, allowing their survival, after 12 months of storage at room temperature. Microbead analysis was carried out by observing the rate of swelling and biodegradation of the beads and the released-establishment of bacteria in the soil. These results showed that there is an increase of around 75% in bead swelling on average, which allows for larger pores, and the effective release and subsequent establishment of the bacteria in the soil. Biodegradation of microbeads in the soil was gradual: in the first week, they increased their weight (75%), which consistently results in the swelling ratio. The co-inoculation of the encapsulated strain TRQ8 with the other two encapsulated strains showed plant growth promotion. TRQ8 + TRQ65 and TRQ8 + TE3T bacteria showed increases in different biometric parameters of wheat plants, such as stem height, root length, dry weight, and chlorophyll content. Thus, here we demonstrated that the application of alginate microbeads containing the studied strains showed a positive effect on wheat plants.

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Lucas, Caroline Costa, Luana Rolim Melo, Míriam Luzia Nogueira Martins de Sousa, Glayciane Bezerra de Morais, Moisés Fernandes Martins, Francisco Antônio Félix Xavier, Janaina Serra Azul Monteiro Evangelista, and Célia Maria de Souza Sampaio. "Cryoprotectant agents and cooling effect on embryos of Macrobrachium amazonicum." Zygote 26, no. 2 (April 2018): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199417000661.

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SummaryThere are few reports of cryopreservation and injuries in Macrobrachium amazonicum embryos. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of cryoprotectants agents and cooling on stage VIII of this species. Fertilized eggs from ovigerous females were removed from the incubation chamber, then placed in 10 ml Falcon tubes with a cryoprotectant solution and saline-free calcium solution. Thus, the embryos underwent a cooling curve of 1°C per min until reaching 5°C, and then were stored for 2 h. The tubes containing the embryos were washed to remove the cryoprotectant, acclimated for 5 min and then transferred to 50 ml incubators. At the end of the 24-h period, living embryos from each tube were counted and tabulated. A pool of embryos was fixed with 4% formaldehyde and then subjected to histology using 3-mm thick sections and stained with haematoxylin/eosin. Another pool was used for biometric analysis in which length, width and volume were analyzed. The cryoprotectants agents used were: dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), methyl alcohol, ethylene glycol at 1, 5 and 10% and sucrose (0.5 M). Variance analysis was performed followed by Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) test at 5% significance level. DMSO cryoprotectant affected embryo survival the least with rates of 71.8, 36.2 and 0% for concentrations of 1, 5 and 10%, respectively. Ethylene glycol caused 100% mortality at all the concentrations used. It was not possible to observe the interference of cooling and cryoprotectants on embryonic structures in this study.

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de Jonge, Hendrik JM, Peter Valk, Kim R. Kampen, Arja ter Elst, Gertjan Kaspers, Jacqueline Cloos, C. Michel Zwaan, et al. "VEGFC Predicts Poor Outcome in Pediatric as Well as Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Insights in Associated Gene Expression Profiles." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.997.997.

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Abstract Abstract 997 Poster Board I-19 A high vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGFC) mRNA level of primary blasts of pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients correlates with increased in vitro drug resistance and slow AML blast disappearance during induction therapy in vivo; measured by higher blast counts on day 15 in the bone marrow and a prolonged interval towards complete remission (HJM de Jonge et al. Clinical Cancer Research 2008). We set out to study both the effect of VEGFC on long term survival in AML and elucidate gene expression profiles associated with VEGFC expression by using Affymetrix HGU133Plus2.0 gene expression data of 100 pediatric and 525 adult AML patients. Pediatric AML patients with a high VEGFC mRNA expression level (i.e. above the median VEGFC expression level) showed a significantly shortened overall survival (P = .041, hazard ratio = 1,81). Among the adult cohort of 525 AML samples, patients with a high VEGFC mRNA level also had significantly reduced overall survival and event free survival (OS and EFS) compared to patients with a low VEGFC level (P < .001, hazard ratio = 1,41 for OS and P = .002, hazard ratio = 1,44 for EFS). The continuous variable VEGFC maintained its prognostic significance for OS and EFS in a multivariate cox-regression model after correction for possible confounding effects of age, white blood cell count, cytogenetic risk group (i.e. favorable, intermediate and unfavorable), NPM1 mutation and FLT3-ITD (P = .031, odds ratio 1.37 for OS and P = .008, odds ratio 1.42 for EFS). Differentially expressed probe sets were identified that distinguished patients with high from those with low VEGFC mRNA expression using a multivariate permutation test in Biometric Research Branch ArrayTools (BRB ArrayTools). Next, gene arrays of the pediatric AML cohort and a publicly available adult AML cohort of 180 gene arrays (Tomasson et al. Blood 2008) were used for validation of these probe sets. Finally, after two validation steps 569 probe sets were found to show differential high expression and 51 probe sets revealed differential low expression in AML with high mRNA levels of VEGFC, representative of distinctive biological processes (represented by GO-categories). Cell proliferation, VEGF receptor activity, signal transduction (e.g. PAK3 and SOS2 which are upstream activators of MEK1) and angiogenesis were upregulated, whereas genes associated with apoptosis (e.g. TIA1 and ANP32A) were found to be down regulated in AML with elevated VEGFC. In conclusion, high VEGFC mRNA expression levels are associated with reduced survival in adult and pediatric AML. Following the analysis of gene expression data in three independent AML cohorts the data suggest the involvement of specific biological processes in AML with (high) VEGFC expression with potential therapeutic impact. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Survival analysis (Biometry)'

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