Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Surveillance multicapteurs'
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Dassot, Gilles. "Réseaux multicapteurs pour la surveillance de zones océaniques." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0101.
Full textLi, Long. "Contribution au développement d'un système expert multicapteurs pour la surveillance du poinçonnage." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10336.
Full textBavencoff, Frédéric. "Traitement de l'information appliqué aux systèmes de surveillance." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S072.
Full textAzzam, Ahcene Ameziane. "Contribution à la mise en place d'un système multicapteurs pour la surveillance des eaux de surface : fusion de données et aide à la décision." Nancy 1, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2005_0188_AZZAM.pdf.
Full textThe present thesis investigates the monitoring and the evaluation of the quality of a river which supplies a drinking water network. The raw data collected from a multi-sensors installation, are transformed into data fusion information. This fusion makes it possible to qualify pollutions after having taken down the answers of each sensor. This is done after having tested various pollutions in confined circuit, while using partly, the method of the experimental plans. On the basis of these states called "masks of pollution", the multi-criterion assistance for the decision makes it possible to quantify the degree of seriousness of these pollutions. Information thus produced, defines the degree of pollution, allows a decision aid to avoid the contamination of the drinking water network, guaranteeing an action, according to a level of alarm, which will decide to stop the water pumping for example
Kaddour, Mahmoud. "Contribution à la surveillance et au contrôle de l'intégrité d'un système de localisation GNSS." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10126/document.
Full textThe current decade has marked the irresistible and irreversible arrival of the GNSS systems in society by making it accessible and essential to many users. Improved performance and reliability of GNSS systems is among the factors that contribute to the exponential development of the field of GNSS applications and services. This improvement is based on the use of estimation methods of geo-positioning which ensures a very high level of integrity. For this, these methods must incorporate a layer of well-developed autonomous integrity monitoring. In this work, we propose approaches for autonomous integrity monitoring of position estimation using GNSS measurements. We have chosen to develop approaches based on an informational formalism: Informational filter on the one hand and tools of the information theory of the other. Residuals based on mutual information are developed. With an appropriate thresholding, these residuals can detect and exclude GNSS erroneous measurements. In this context, other ideas were also developed in order to robustify the developed methods as the projection of GNSS observations in the information space and the development of optimization function in order to ameliorate the prediction of a filter. The proposed methods are tested and validated with real data acquired with an experimental vehicle with several open GNSS systems
Schettini, Frédéric. "Fusion de données pour la surveillance du trafic et l'information des usagers." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ESAE0016.
Full textHelli, Omar. "Multicapteurs de gaz pour la conception d'un nez électronique de surveillance de la pollution atmosphérique : application à la detection de NO2 et H2S dans une atmosphère humide chargée de CO2." Metz, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2003/Helli.Omar.SMZ0303.pdf.
Full textHelli, Omar Lumbreras Martine. "Multicapteurs de gaz pour la conception d'un nez électronique de surveillance de la pollution atmosphérique Application à la detection de NO2 et H2S dans une atmosphère humide chargée de CO2 /." Metz : Université Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2003/Helli.Omar.SMZ0303.pdf.
Full textArégui, Astrid. "Novelty detection in the Belief Function Framework, with application to the monitoring of a waste incineration process : applications à la surveillance d'un système d'incinération de déchets." Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1716.
Full textAbstract the main two contributions of this PhD Thesis are related with the belief function theory and the problem of novelty detection. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first introduces the main notions pertaining to the belief function theory before describing the associated contributions. The special case considered here is that where the variable of interest is defined from the result of a random experiment. Based on past observations, we introduce two different approaches to predict what the next observation will be. In the second part, the state of the art on the one-class classification problem is summarized before the benefits of the use of belief functions in this domain are shown. Indeed, this theory can be used together with novelty detectors so that the outputs of different classifiers are all expressed in the form of belief functions. The latter can then be compared or combined. Finally, an application to the monitoring of waste incineration plants is detailed
Grégoire, Vincent. "Suivi des piétons par fusion d'images infrarouges et visibles en scènes intérieures." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23765/23765.pdf.
Full textWallart, Olivier. "Contribution à l'interprétation de scènes vastes par une approche multi-capteurs." Littoral, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DUNK0079.
Full textThis work presents the architecture of the distributed perception system. The system is composed by several vision units analysing the scene from distinct points of view and without recovery. The objectives of the interpretation are the classification and tracking of objects in motorway scenes. The global tracking is carried out by a re-identification of objects perceived by several cameras. The difficulties of the system concern firstly the management of the uncertainty at the re-identification stage, and also the real time constraints of the application. The management of the uncertainty is dealt with an approximate reasoning by using the possibility theory. Real time constraints are taken into account by a distributed and temporal algorithm. Two algorithms of association for object re-identification are developed. The first is based on a dynamic programming algorithm. It decides for a majority of awaited objects independently for each vision unit. For surveillance applications, a temporal fusion approach for association is proposed in order to control the instantaneous quality of each decision over the system
Lauffenburger, Jean-Philippe. "Contribution à la surveillance temps-réel du système "Conducteur - Véhicule - Environnement" : élaboration d'un système intelligent d'aide à la conduite." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00732949.
Full textDans ce contexte, la localisation du véhicule et particulièrement les informations de l'environnement d'évolution doivent être pertinentes. Elles sont obtenues grâce à une base de données cartographique spécifiquement développée dans le cadre de ces travaux. Celle-ci est caractérisée par une précision supérieure à celle des bases de données traditionnellement employées dans des dispositifs de navigation.
Al, Hage Joelle. "Fusion de données tolérante aux défaillances : application à la surveillance de l’intégrité d’un système de localisation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10074/document.
Full textThe interest of research in the multi-sensor data fusion field is growing because of its various applications sectors. Particularly, in the field of robotics and localization, the use of different sensors informations is a vital step to ensure a reliable position estimation. In this context of multi-sensor data fusion, we consider the diagnosis, leading to the identification of the cause of a failure, and the sensors faults tolerance aspect, discussed in limited work in the literature. We chose to develop an approach based on a purely informational formalism: information filter on the one hand and tools of the information theory on the other. Residuals based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence are developed. These residuals allow to detect and to exclude the faulty sensors through optimized thresholding methods. This theory is tested in two applications. The first application is the fault tolerant collaborative localization of a multi-robot system. The second application is the localization in outdoor environments using a tightly coupled GNSS/odometer with a fault tolerant aspect
Aïzan, Josky. "Modélisation et reconnaissance d'activités quotidiennes au sein d'une maison intelligente : application à la surveillance des personnes âgées." Thesis, Littoral, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020DUNK0557.
Full textThe ADL systems for keeping seniors at home are expanding today. The new approaches involve setting up an automated activity monitoring system in a smart home equipped with wearable sensors such as Global Positioning System (GPS), electronics bracelets or RFID chips. These sensors unfortunately have the constraint to be worn constantly. The use of binary sensors is an increasingly common alternative. In this thesis we proposed modeling and recognition of daily activities within a smart home equipped with binary sensors. The first phase of the proposed architecture concerns activity modelling. Deterministic and uncertain sequential pattern mining algorithms were used. These algorothms contain a pre-processing phase that integrates the temporal constraint between events. The performance of these algorithms was evaluated on the MIT database, which contains a collection of human activities from two instruments of 77 and 84 sensors respectively. These experiments show that the number and quality of models from the modeling phase are strongly linked to the confidence rate of the sensors. The second phase of architecture involves the recognition of activities. During this phase, two approaches are proposed. The first approach is to pair the random forest method with the deterministic sequential pattern mining algorithm. This approach incorporates a temporal characterization of the activity models discovered. An experiment is carried out on the MIT database and the results in terms of activity recognition are 98% for the subject 1 and 95% for the subject 2. These results are compared with those in the literature to reflect the performance of the proposed approach. The second approach uses the sequence alignment recognition method based on the Levenshtein distance coupled with the uncertain sequential pattern mining. At this level, the uncertain sequential pattern mining algorithm integrates both the management of time constraints between events and the management of the uncertainty of data from the sensors. The performance of this method was evaluated on the MIT and CASAS databases. The CASAS database contains a collection of data from realistic scenarios to detect normal and intertwined daily activities. The results of the experiments on its two databases show that the recognition rate is an increasing function of the confidente rate of the sensors. These results are 100% and 94% respectively for the normal and interweave activities of the CASAS base and 93% and 90% respectively for the activities of subjects 1 and 2 of the MIT base. Compared with those in literature, these results highlight the effectiveness of our method
Medjahed, Hamid. "Distress situation identification by multimodal data fusion for home healthcare telemonitoring." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TELE0002/document.
Full textThe population age increases in all societies throughout the world. In Europe, for example, the life expectancy for men is about 71 years and for women about 79 years. For North America the life expectancy, currently is about 75 for men and 81 for women. Moreover, the elderly prefer to preserve their independence, autonomy and way of life living at home the longest time possible. The current healthcare infrastructures in these countries are widely considered to be inadequate to meet the needs of an increasingly older population. Home healthcare monitoring is a solution to deal with this problem and to ensure that elderly people can live safely and independently in their own homes for as long as possible. Automatic in-home healthcare monitoring is a technological approach which helps people age in place by continuously telemonitoring. In this thesis, we explore automatic in-home healthcare monitoring by conducting a study of professionals who currently perform in-home healthcare monitoring, by combining and synchronizing various telemonitoring modalities,under a data synchronization and multimodal data fusion platform, FL-EMUTEM (Fuzzy Logic Multimodal Environment for Medical Remote Monitoring). This platform incorporates algorithms that process each modality and providing a technique of multimodal data fusion which can ensures a pervasive in-home health monitoring for elderly people based on fuzzy logic.The originality of this thesis which is the combination of various modalities in the home, about its inhabitant and their surroundings, will constitute an interesting benefit and impact for the elderly person suffering from loneliness. This work complements the stationary smart home environment in bringing to bear its capability for integrative continuous observation and detection of critical situations
Le, Marchand Olivier. "Approche autonome pour la localisation et la surveillance de l'intégrité d'un véhicule automobile en environnement complexe." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00672343.
Full textRousseeuw, Kévin. "Modélisation de signaux temporels hautes fréquences multicapteurs à valeurs manquantes : Application à la prédiction des efflorescences phytoplanctoniques dans les rivières et les écosystèmes marins côtiers." Thesis, Littoral, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DUNK0374/document.
Full textBecause of the growing interest for environmental issues and to identify direct and indirect effects of anthropogenic activities on ecosystems, environmental monitoring programs have recourse more and more frequently to high resolution, autonomous and multi-sensor instrumented stations. These systems are implemented in harsh environment and there is a need to stop measurements for calibration, service purposes or just because of sensors failure. Consequently, data could be noisy, missing or out of range and required some pre-processing or filtering steps to complete and validate raw data before any further investigations. In this context, the objective of this work is to design an automatic numeric system able to manage such amount of data in order to further knowledge on water quality and more precisely with consideration about phytoplankton determinism and dynamics. Main phase is the methodological development of phytoplankton bloom forecasting models giving the opportunity to end-user to handle well-adapted protocols. We propose to use hybrid Hidden Markov Model to detect and forecast environment states (identification of the main phytoplankton bloom steps and associated hydrological conditions). The added-value of our approach is to hybrid our model with a spectral clustering algorithm. Thus all HMM parameters (states, characterisation and dynamics of these states) are built by unsupervised learning. This approach was applied on three data bases: first one from the marine instrumented station MAREL Carnot (Ifremer) (2005-2009), second one from a Ferry Box system implemented in the eastern English Channel en 2012 and third one from a freshwater fixed station in the river Deûle in 2009 (Artois Picardie Water Agency). These works fall within the scope of a collaboration between IFREMER, LISIC/ULCO and Artois Picardie Water Agency in order to develop optimised systems to study effects of anthropogenic activities on aquatic systems functioning in a regional context of massive blooms of the harmful algae, Phaeocystis globosa
Amri, Mohamed-Hédi. "Fusion ensembliste de donn´ees pour la surveillance des personnes d´ependantes en habitat intelligent." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2030/document.
Full textOur research work is a part of the project FUI 14 FEDER Collectivités E-monitor’âge. This project takes place within the framework of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) which aims to improve the safety and the comfort of elderly people living in smart nursing homes. This work aims to monitor the activities of elderly persons using information from different sensors. The ADL (Activities of Daily Living) are used to evaluate the ability of the person to perform on their own a selection of the activities which are essential for an independent living in the everyday life. Generally, process knowledge and measurements coming from sensors are prone to indeterminable noise. In our work, we suppose that these errors are unknown but bounded. Taking into account this hypothesis, we show how to solve the estimation issue using set-membership computations techniques. Our algorithm, based on set-membership approach, consists of two steps. The prediction step, based on the use of a random walk mobility with minimum assumptions (maximum speed of moving), employs the previous state estimate to provide the prediction zone where the person may be located. The correction step uses the informations coming from the sensors to refine this predicted zone. This step uses a relaxed constraints propagation technique, q-relaxed intersection, to deal with faulty measurements. This proposed method allows us to compute the uncertainty domain for the reconstructed localization of moving targets as dealing with outliers
Lu, Juan. "Modélisation, simulation et implémentation d'un protocole de communication adaptatif dans un réseau de capteurs sans fil basé sur IEEE 802.15.4 et adapté à la surveillance de personnes à domicile." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00862824.
Full textChen, Huiqin. "Registration of egocentric views for collaborative localization in security applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG031.
Full textThis work focuses on collaborative localization between a mobile camera and a static camera for video surveillance. In crowd scenes and sensitive events, surveillance involves locating the wearer of the camera (typically a security officer) and also the events observed in the images (e.g., to guide emergency services). However, the different points of view between the mobile camera (at ground level), and the video surveillance camera (located high up), along with repetitive patterns and occlusions make difficult the tasks of relative calibration and localization. We first studied how low-cost positioning and orientation sensors (GPS-IMU) could help refining the estimate of relative pose between cameras. We then proposed to locate the mobile camera using its epipole in the image of the static camera. To make this estimate robust with respect to outlier keypoint matches, we developed two algorithms: either based on a cumulative approach to derive an uncertainty map, or exploiting the belief function framework. Facing with the issue of a large number of elementary sources, some of which are incompatible, we provide a solution based on a belief clustering, in the perspective of further combination with other sources (such as pedestrian detectors and/or GPS data for our application). Finally, the individual location in the scene led us to the problem of data association between views. We proposed to use geometric descriptors/constraints, in addition to the usual appearance descriptors. We showed the relevance of this geometric information whether it is explicit, or learned using a neural network
Lu, Juan. "Modeling, simulation and implementation of an 802.15.4 based adaptive communication protocol in wireless sensor network : application to monitoring the elderly at home." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAT0016/document.
Full textMonitoring behavior of the elderly and the disabled living alone has become a major public health problem in our modern societies. Among the various scientific aspects involved in the home monitoring field, we are interested in the study and the proposal of a solution allowing distributed sensor nodes to communicate with each other in an optimal way adapted to the specific application constraints. More precisely, we want to build a wireless network which consists of several short range sensor nodes exchanging data between them according to a communication protocol at MAC (medium access control) level that optimizes energy consumption, transmission time and loss of information. To achieve this objective, we have analyzed the advantages and the limitations of WPAN (wireless personal area network) technology and communication protocols currently used in relation to the requirements of our application. We then proposed a deterministic, adaptive and energy saving medium access method based on the IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer and a mesh topology. It ensures the message delivery time with strongly limited collision risk due to the spatial reuse of medium in the two-hop neighborhood. This proposal was characterized by modeling and simulation using the OPNET network simulator. We then implemented the proposed mechanisms on hardware devices and deployed a sensors network in real situation to verify the accuracy of the model and evaluate the proposal according to different test configurations
JIMENEZ, VARGAS FERNANDO. "Specification et conception de microsystemes bases sur des circuits asynchrones - etude d'un dispositif multicapteur integre d'enregistrement de contraintes environnementales." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAT0038.
Full textBouaziz, Ghazi. "Développement et mise en œuvre d'un système de détection de l'isolement social basé sur la reconnaissance des activités en matière de repas et de mobilité chez les personnes âgées à domicile." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES137.
Full textThe recognition of daily life activities has been the subject of research for years to provide effective solutions. It is based on the spatio-temporal analysis of situations and behaviors whose input data is information provided by ambient sensors or by sensors worn by the person. This thesis focuses on the instrumentation of the living space by ambient sensors and on the detection of a state of social isolation in elderly people. Two approaches are used to assess social isolation. The first one is based on questionnaires. The second approach is based on the use of technologies for the objective acquisition of data representative of a state, behavior, etc. In particular, the activity "eating" is linked to a sequence of actions such as shopping, cooking, eating and washing dishes. The activity "moving" is linked to mobility within the home and leaving the home. The literature shows that these two activities seem to be relevant for assessing a potential risk of social isolation among older people. The thesis work focuses on four main contributions: A bibliographic review of ADLs detection research to identify its contributions and limitations, and to outline relevant research directions. Specific criteria were chosen to include articles presenting activity detection systems. A system design approach applied to the detection of ADLs. This approach is part of a system engineering process. It describes the analysis of requirements, their modeling through SysML diagrams and the implementation of a hardware and software architecture based on an IoT network. The analysis of ADLs, in our study, uses data from motion detectors and contact sensors. A display on a web application allows you to visualize the results obtained for the caregiver or the family. The original use of four methods to classify ADLs, namely "preparing the meal", "eating the meal", "washing the dishes", "sleeping/relaxing", "hygiene", "the person outside the home", "a visitor inside the home" and "other activities". The first three methods used are K-means, the Gaussian mixture model and BIRCH, which applies weights to the data. Meal-related activities therefore do not have the same weight as the rest of the data, which made it possible to improve the detection of ADLs. The fourth algorithm is based on a logical method following the determination of a correlation matrix using all the available sensors as input. Using the data from the correlation matrix, the algorithm personalizes the detection of meal-related activities by distinguishing a person preparing their meal from a person using a meal delivery service. We validate our methods by referring to the forms filled in by the participants at the beginning and end of the experiment, in which they describe the course of their typical day. These algorithms were applied to an open annotated database to confirm the accuracy of our approaches. The proposal of a score for the level of social isolation of the person being monitored. This score is based on the identification of activities to extract daily habits through behavioral indicators (time spent outside the house and in the kitchen, etc.). Six elderly people were followed for more than 3 months. The logistic regression algorithm was used to extract the level of social isolation, which was compared with the level of social isolation identified using the "Lubben Social Network Scale" questionnaire, which was completed by each participant at the beginning and end of the study
Cavalcante, Aguilar Paulo Armando. "Réseaux Évidentiels pour la fusion de données multimodales hétérogènes : application à la détection de chutes." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789773.
Full textVirone, Gilles. "ARCHITECTURE ET SIMULATION LOCALES DU SYSTEME D'INFORMATION DOMOTIQUE-SANTE INTEGRE A DOMICILE (SID²) POUR LA DETECTION DE SITUATIONS A RISQUE ET L'AIDE A LA DECISION." Phd thesis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005971.
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