Relevant bibliographies by topics / Surgical and Prosthetic Design

Academic literature on the topic 'Surgical and Prosthetic Design'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Surgical and Prosthetic Design"

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Kam, A. "40. The evolution of prosthetics." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 30, no. 4 (August 1, 2007): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v30i4.2800.

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Throughout history, prosthetic limbs have undergone significant changes in design and function. For example, an ancient bronze and iron prosthesis with a wooden core, discovered in Italy and dated back to 300 BC, has evolved into a modern shock-absorbing multi-axis prosthetic foot for walking on uneven ground. Recent advances in “neuro-controlled” prosthetics with microprocessor controllers further allow their users to produce smooth, multi-joint movements, simulating “real limbs”. With an increase in government funding focusing on researches in independent mobility, it is expected that new designs will improve immensely the quality of life of amputees. Are we approaching closer to the “ideal prosthetic limb”? The objective of this paper is to examine the evolution of various prosthetic designs and to re-apply some of the old concepts into new designs. The method used is mainly literature review. Results/conclusion: N/A. Wetz H, Gisbertz D. History of artificial limbs for the leg. Orthopade 2000; 29(12):1018-32. Pascual G. Amputations, walking and prosthesis development. An R Acad Nac Med (Madr) 2003; 120(3):593-607. Cottrell-Ikerd V, Ikerd F, Jenkins DW. The Syme’s amputation: a correlation of surgical technique and prosthetic management with an historical perspective 1994; 33(4):355-64.
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Patil, Pravinkumar G., and Smita Nimbalkar-Patil. "Implant-Retained Obturator for an Edentulous Patient with a Hemimaxillectomy Defect Complicated with Microstomia." Case Reports in Dentistry 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4618510.

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Patient. A 68-year-old man was operated on for squamous cell carcinoma (T3N3M0) of the maxilla creating the hemimaxillary surgical defect on right side. The remaining arch was completely edentulous. There was remarkable limitation in the oral opening with reduced perimeter of the oral cavity due to radiation and surgical scar contracture. This article describes prosthetic rehabilitation by modifying the design of the obturator and achieving the retention with dental implant.Discussion. Severe limitation in the oral opening may occur in clinical situations following the postsurgical management of oral and maxillofacial defects. The prosthetic rehabilitation of the surgical defect in such patients becomes a challenging task due to limited access to the oral cavity. This challenge becomes even more difficult if the patient is edentulous and there are no teeth to gain the retention, stability, and support.Conclusion. In severe microstomia prosthesis insertion and removal can be achieved with modification of the maximum width of the prosthesis. Dental implant retention is useful treatment option in edentulous patients with maxillary surgical defect provided that sufficient bone volume and accessibility are there for implant placement.
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Gus'kov, Aleksandr V., Ol'ga S. Guyter, Aleksandr A. Oleynikov, and Abbass Osman. "Options to optimize the orthopedic treatment protocol to prevent inflammatory complications at the immediate prosthetic stage in patients after multiple teeth extraction." Russian Journal of Dentistry 26, no. 1 (August 31, 2022): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/1728-2802-2022-26-1-15-24.

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BACKGROUND: Simultaneous multiple loss of teeth significantly increases the need for immediate orthopedic treatment in dental patients, often with the use of removable immediate dentures due to general somatic pathologies and local Dental Prostheses System features. AIM: The study aimed to optimize the orthopedic treatment protocol for patients after multiple teeth extractions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As part of the study, the orthopedic preparation of 18 patients was conducted for further permanent prosthetics. Patients underwent tooth extraction in the upper or lower jaw amounting to the formation of included, combined, or terminal dentition defects. The following were used for patient treatment: a standard protocol for immediate prosthetics, a modified protocol, including an improved method of vital mucous membrane staining of the prosthetic bed in the surgical intervention area using standard and immediate original design prostheses. The treatment option effectiveness was evaluated based on the results of diagnostic monitoring of wound healing zones in the prosthetic bed area of immediate prostheses, including visual-palpation assessment, vital oral mucosa staining with an iodine-containing diagnostic solution to control inflammation, and a modified Doppler observation method. RESULTS: Study results revealed that all patients, who used standard immediate prostheses without considering the diagnostic control of inflammation areas, had objective signs of inflammation up to the 20th day of treatment with low microcirculation dynamics in the wound healing area. In 4 out of 6 patients using standard immediate prostheses, considering inflammation control, the vital staining indicators by day 20 indicated a possible trend toward chronic inflammation development in the prosthetic bed area, which was confirmed by an unstable microcirculation picture. The severity of inflammatory changes was insignificant in patients who received the original design of the immediate prosthesis, starting from the 7th day of observation and minimal by the 20th day. At this time the hemodynamics are physiologically normal. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the study results, the orthopedic rehabilitation protocols effectiveness, with the use of a modified design based on the immediate prosthesis and permanent diagnostic, mucous membrane staining of the prosthetic bed was established to detect inflammatory complications in the wound healing areas.
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Mishra, Ananya, Kasim Mohamed, Prasanna Kumar, and Sathish Kumar Jayagandhi. "Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Maxillectomy Defects, with Single-Piece Open-Hollow Bulb Definitive Obturator." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 16 (April 19, 2021): 1169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/248.

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Patients who undergo surgical resection of the maxillo-mandibular structures as a result of trauma, infection or malignancy, suffer from psycho-social setbacks which has a profound impact on their over-all quality of life. 1,2 These defects, especially those following maxillectomy, result in oroantral communication, facial deformation, impaired speech and difficulty in deglutition. For the rehabilitation of patients with such defects, surgical and prosthetic treatment options are available. As, not all patients can be successfully rehabilitated with reconstructive surgeries due to postoperative complications like graft rejection, the extent of the surgical defect and high psychological impact factor associated with repeated surgeries, prosthetic rehabilitation proves to be an alternative treatment option. The prosthetic rehabilitation of such patients is challenging as it requires restoration of the lost form, function and aesthetics, under constantly changing state of post-surgical intraoral tissues, with limited mouth opening. The maxillofacial prosthesis designed to close congenital or an acquired tissue opening, primarily of the hard palate, is known as an obturator. 3 The obturator has two functional components, one seals the surgical defect and the other replaces the lost dentoalveolarstructures.4-7 The design of an obturator may vary depending on the extent of the defect, remnant dentoalveolar complex, soft tissue undercuts and existent muscle physiology.8,9 Among the two designs, solid and hollow, hollow obturators are widely used. The bulb portion of the hollow obturator, which accommodates the surgical defect, can be open or closed9,10and its selection depends on the prosthodontist’s clinical decision-making skills and the ease of fabrication. In this article we have discussed the rehabilitated patients with single-piece, openhollow bulb definitive obturator. Patients undergo extensive maxillary surgical resections due to aggressive lesions like malignancies and deep fungal infections. Prosthetic rehabilitation of such patients with an obturator becomes of paramount importance as it separates the oropharynx from the nasopharynx, reduces the risk of recurrent infections, replaces lost dentoalveolar structures, permits intelligible speech, reinstates mastication and deglutition, restores facial contour and patient’s self-esteem. The bulb portion of the obturator extends into the defect and accommodates it, forming a hermetic seal. In this clinical report, we highlight the success of prosthetic rehabilitation of maxillectomy patients using single-piece, open-hollow bulb definitive obturator. The meticulous follow-up carried out reveals the success of the prosthesis and adds practice-based evidence to the maxillectomy rehabilitation outcome.
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Dobrzański, L. B., A. Achtelik-Franczak, J. Dobrzańska, and L. A. Dobrzański. "The digitisation for the immediate dental implantation of incisors with immediate individual prosthetic restoration." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 2, no. 97 (December 1, 2019): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.8541.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present the author's method of planning the procedure of immediate implant-prosthetic restoration in place of a tooth qualified for removal by performing a surgical template and implant-prosthetic restoration based on data obtained in the CBCT test and intraoral scanning 3D model. Design/methodology/approach: The method of planning the implant surgery through the design and manufacture of surgical templates and implant prostheses performed before the start of medical procedures was described on the basis of actual clinical data from patients with anterior segment teeth qualified for extraction for reasons of complications after endodontic treatment. The placement of the implant was planned using virtual reality, where the bone model and the virtual soft tissue model were combined, which made it possible to perform a surgical template and prosthetic implant restoration. For the manufacturing, 3D printing as stereolithography SLA and selective laser sintering SLS for the surgical template manufacturing and CNC milling in the case of the prosthetic implant were used for restoration. Findings: The method allows planning the implant position based on two connected bone and soft tissue models and allows to design and manufacture a surgical guide. In this way, it becomes possible to place implants in the patient's bone during surgery procedure in the planned position and to install the prosthetic implant restoration in the form of an individual abutment and a PMMA crown during the same procedure in the surgical part. Practical implications: Thanks to the method of computer-aided design/manufacturing CAD/CAM production of surgical templates and prosthetic restoration based only on digital models and the planned position of the implant, it is possible to carry out the procedure of immediate tooth extraction and replacement with permanent prosthetic restoration. The whole process is based on the CBCT test performed at the beginning. The presented method allows shortening the procedure time by four times and the rehabilitation time by 3-6 months when performing the procedure in a minimally invasive manner. Originality/value: This article presents the original design and production method of surgical guides. It allows for precise planning of the implant position and transfer of this data to the patient's mouth during the procedure, enabling permanent prosthetic restoration before starting medical procedures.
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K, Kasim Mohamed, and Kirupa Shankar R. "Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Cancellous Osteoma – A Case Report." JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PROSTHODONTICS AND IMPLANTOLOGY 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55995/j-cpi.2022003.

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Osteomas are benign osteogenic lesions of the bone. When this involves the maxilla and requires resection, maxillectomy defect results and this in turn leads to compromised function in terms of mastication, speech and also psychological well-being. Definitive obturator prosthesis fabricated with maximum extension and incorporation of proper design rehabilitates the patient by improving masticatory efficiency, increasing speech clarity, improves the esthetics, thereby enhancing the overall quality of life. This case report presents one such case of a rare intraoral peripheral cancellous osteoma affecting the maxilla and its prosthetic rehabilitation following surgical resection
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Nguyen, Duc Quang, Thien Cong Pham, and Tho Thanh Quan. "Design, implementation and evaluation for a high precision prosthetic hand using MyoBand and Random Forest algorithm." Science & Technology Development Journal - Engineering and Technology 3, SI1 (September 19, 2020): First. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjet.v3isi1.536.

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A prosthesis is an equipment provided to people who lost one or some parts of their limbs to help them having almost normal behaviors in daily or hard activities. The convenience and intelligence of devices should create easiness and flexibility for users. Artificial devices require interdisciplinary collaboration from neurosurgeons, surgical surgeons, physiotherapists and equipment development. Computer engineering plays a crucial role in the design step, supporting manufacturing, training and recognition to match the desirability of customers. Moreover, users need a wide range of different options such as an aesthetic functional material, a myoelectric mechanism, a body-powered appliance or an activity specified device. Thus, the flexible configuration, the proper features and the cost are some important factors that drive user's selection to the prosthesis. In this article, we describe an effective and powerful solution for analyzing, designing hardware and implementing software to train and recognize hand gestures for prosthetic arms. Moreover, we provide evaluation data of the method compared with similar approaches to support our design and implementation. This is fairly a complete system, making it a convenient solution for hand-cutoff people to control prosthetic hands using their electromyography signals. Statistical results with evaluations show that the device can respond correspondingly and the method creates promisingly recognition data after correct training processes. The prosthetic hardware implementation has also been simulated using a Light-emitting diode (LED) hand model with a high accuracy result.
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Zizzari, Vincenzo Luca, and Gianmarco Tacconelli. "Implant-Supported PMMA Monolithic Full-Arch Rehabilitation with Surgical Computer-Planned Guide and Immediate Provisional: A Case Report with One Year Follow-Up." Case Reports in Dentistry 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9261276.

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The aim of this case report is to describe the surgical and prosthetic procedures to achieve maxillary and mandibular implant-supported PMMA monolithic full-arch rehabilitation (PMFR) with surgical computer-planned guide and immediate provisional. In such cases, the correct planning of dental implants’ position, length, and diameter and the prosthetic phases via computer-aided design are very important to achieve good aesthetic and functional long-lasting results.
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Mohamed, Kasim, and Maheshwaran K.S. "Orbital Support Device Via Intranasal Approach – An Unconventional Design." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 29 (July 19, 2021): 2221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/454.

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Maxilla can be considered a hexahedrium with close relationship to surrounding critical anatomic structures, and thereby invariably involved in the resection process of tumours that arise from maxillary sinus, palate, nasal cavity, orbital contents, or intro-oral mucosa.1 Maxillary defects created after tumour ablation can cause severe functional and aesthetic deficits. Orbital floor defects with displacement of the eyeball results in deformities with possible consequences of enophthalmos, diplopia and impaired visual acuity. The eyeball can become displaced either due to alteration in the position of the orbital walls caused by trauma, or due to loss of support of the orbital floor during resection of a lesion. The role of the suspensory ligament of Lockwood in maintaining the superio - inferior position of the visual apparatus is recognized. The preservation of this ligament, which acts like a hammock holding the eyeball in position, prevents any drastic downward displacement except for the small limit which the slack of the ligament allows. Surgical reconstruction of orbital floor defects is the primary treatment modality, but remains nonetheless a challenge for surgeons. Currently various types of materials such as titanium meshes, hydroxyapatite, silica gel, Teflon, Medpor and autogenous bones are used for orbital reconstruction.2,3 Prosthetic rehabilitation of maxillary surgical defects is so predictable and effective that reconstructive surgery is not indicated in most instances.4,5 Prosthetic management of defects with orbital floor resection is usually obturators with extensions to support the visual apparatus.6 In clinical situations involving the resection of the orbital floor and maxillary sinus, without the sacrifice of the floor of maxilla, no oro-antral communication is created. This eliminates the need for an obturator prosthesis. In this scenario the support for the visual apparatus will be solely dependent on surgical reconstruction. However, when dealing with invasive and progressive diseases of fungal and bacterial origin, immediate surgical reconstruction is not generally recommended till complete resolution of the disease is achieved. The potential for recurrence of tumours varies from 10 - 30 % with benign tumours and over 50 % with malignant tumours. This creates a need for long term follow up, to assess the resection margins for signs of recurrence.4
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Sharma, Vineet, Jyoti Paliwal, Kamal Kumar Meena, and Ramjee Lal Raigar. "Prosthodontic Management of Dentate Maxillectomy Patient: A Clinical Case Report." Acta Marisiensis - Seria Medica 67, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amma-2021-0038.

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Abstract Patients with minor defects of the alveolar ridge and hard palate can easily be treated by surgical closure, while patients with larger defects are more amenable to prosthetic restoration. The case report describes the rehabilitation of a dentate maxillectomy patient with a definitive closed hollow bulb cast partial obturator. A tripod retainer design was chosen for direct retention in the case. The tripod design consisted of a T-bar clasp placed on the left first central incisor and two embrasure clasps with buccal retention and palatal bracing components between the right first & second premolar and right first & second molar. A complete palate major connector was designed to ensure uniform distribution of functional load across tissues. The remaining teeth, the palate, and the rest provided support for the prosthesis. Prosthetic rehabilitation of the defect with a definitive obturator thus seals tissue openings in the palate, improves deglutition, speech, mastication, aesthetics, and significantly improves quality of life.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Surgical and Prosthetic Design"

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Vijaysegaran, Praveen. "An analysis of bioaerosol emissions from orthopaedic surgical clothing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/98751/4/Praveen_Vijaysegaran_Thesis.pdf.

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This study compared the emission rates of orthopaedic space suits to standard surgical clothing in a simulated surgical environment. Significant increases in particle and microbiological emission rates were found when space suits were used, providing mechanistic evidence to support the increased prosthetic joint infection rates observed in epidemiological studies and helping to inform surgeons about their choice of clothing. Surgeons should proceed with caution when using space suits during surgery, particularly total joint arthroplasty.
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Pikhart, Karina N. (Karina Nicole). "Design considerations for prosthetic knees in Developing countries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54525.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-25).
Introduction: The design of prosthetic limbs is a complicated problem that continues to receive significant attention in research labs and in industry throughout the world. The idea of getting a machine to match human performance is an enticing one, and thus research continues to pursue the challenge of designing devices that can replace the functionality lost via limb amputation. Designers of prosthetics for developing countries face similar challenges. However, that challenge is also supplemented with a number of other contextual factors and considerations that must be made as a designer. As described by Cummings', these factors are social, economic, cultural, and geographic, and also include locally available forms of technology and time and distance constraints. These considerations further complicate the design process, especially for an engineer inexperienced with designing for the developing world and unfamiliar with the specific developing world environment being designed for. These topics have been covered in bits and pieces throughout the literature; this document attempts to cover them all thoroughly and in a logical way. This thesis also aims to provide some mechanism by which the challenge of designing a prosthetic knee for the developing world can be broken down and tackled effectively to yield an appropriate knee design. As amputees in the developing world are often subject to an inescapable life of poverty because they are unable to work and support their families, there is a strong impetus to design effective limbs for this population. This document intends to help facilitate that process. This thesis is inspired by a prosthetic knee design project that began in the class Developing World Prosthetics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in its inaugural term, spring 2008. Though the project was successful in many ways, the design process maybe could have been more effective with a stronger foundation in all the areas that will be covered below. This thesis primarily uses literature review to provide insight into human gait and amputee characteristics, as well as developing world considerations for designers of prosthetic limbs. The aim is to provide a foundation by which one can design effective and appropriate prosthetic devices. A metric is also developed by which those developing world considerations can be managed, weighed and incorporated into the design. In this case, experience and observations from the author's work on prosthetics in India are used to assess the contexts and contributions of various developing world factors to the successful incorporation of a prosthetic knee design into that environment. The document uses India as a case study; however, the thesis should serve as a generalized manual for developing world prosthetic knee design. This document begins with a presentation of human gait characteristics presented in a variety of contexts that can be useful to the designer of a prosthetic knee for the developing world. Then, basic mechanical components that are often used in prosthetic knee design are described, using examples. Finally, a thorough description of the many developing world factors that must be understood to design a sustainable prosthetic knee are discussed, and a table is presented by which those factors can be simply reviewed.
by Karina N. Pikhart.
S.B.
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Tenim, Severin. "Design of an affordable anthropomorphic mechanical prosthetic hand." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13280.

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Includes bibliographical references.
This dissertation outlines the conceptualisation, design, manufacture, assembly and experimental testing of an affordable anthropomorphic mechanical hand prosthesis. In many countries, upper-limb amputees lack access to prosthetic hand devices. Furthermore, currently available mechanical devices require a large amount of effort to actuate; fatiguing and frustrating patients who have no other alternative but to use them. Consequently, a need has arisen to provide a mechanical device that is affordable enough to be accessible to low and middle-income patients, is functional enough to allow users to easily perform their Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), and is aesthetically appealing enough to ensure that patients feel comfortable and confident when wearing it. Concept solutions of several mechanisms were identified and evaluated from which the final design was selected. Analytical force analysis was used to generate a mathematical model to analyse the response of each dynamic member in the hand. A linear relationship between the input-force and applied grasp-forces of the hand was identified. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) used to investigate the lateral and hyperextensive loading limits of the phalanges, generated results that corresponded well to the experimental outcomes. Amongst the utilised actuation mechanisms (levers, pulleys, tendon-wires, bearings and springs), the tendon-wires were of concern due to their repetitive tensile loading and relative movement with the phalanges. Tensile testing of various tendon-wires and endurance testing of the phalangeal tendon-channels, yielded a combination which surpassed the infinite life requirement of 1,200,000 loading cycles; with carbon-nylon contact wearing at the lowest rate as confirmed by gravimetric tests in accordance with ASTM F2025 (2000). Manufacture of the hand used rapid prototyping in combination with traditional machining methods and standard components, enabling a fully-assembled cost of R 11,628.37; below the required R 18,000 limit. Various power and precision grasping configurations were achieved and the contact forces satisfactorily maintained, using the hand’s built-in locking mechanism. Feedback gathered from the prosthetist and patients suggested making slight alterations to the hand’s aesthetics and to address minor functional challenges, such as the control of the closing trajectory for precision grasps.
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Reynolds, David. "The computer aided design of below-knee prosthetic sockets." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309971.

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Liang, ZhiYi S. B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Mechatronic design of an ISO 22675 prosthetic foot tester." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123211.

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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-86).
Researchers in the Global Engineering and Research Lab (GEAR Lab) at MIT have been actively working on an improved design of the most widely distributed prosthetic foot in India, known as the Jaipur Foot. By developing an ISO 22675 prosthetic foot life cycle tester, researchers in GEAR Lab can test the durability of the prosthetic designs and fulfill the life cycle requirements. This thesis explores the mechatronic design of an ISO 22675 prosthetic foot life cycle tester and its contribution towards establishing fatigue testing infrastructure for prosthetics in GEAR Lab. It is broken down into three sub-systems: mechanical design, electrical design, and control architecture. It also serves as a documentation file detailing the engineering design decisions that were made during the development of the project. By building upon a mechanical framework that was established by past researchers, mechanical redesigns were conducted on the force loading assembly and the pivoting loading platform. The redesigned mechanical assembly were tested to be able to sustain maximum test force level with a safety factor of at least 1.5. The redesigned structure also provides adjustability to four crucial geometric parameters specified by the ISO 22675 standard and enables testing of prosthetic foot ranging from 23 cm to 31 cm in length. In addition, a system control PCB was designed and developed to serve as an electrical communication hub for reliable communication between the host controller LabVIEW myRIO-1900, various sensors, and the two actuators responsible for applying the test force and rotating the loading platform. A control architecture was developed and implemented through a LabVIEW parallel timed loop control structure to execute the control loop at a rate of 1kHz to reliably control both the stepper motor and the servo in parallel, read sensor states and display system current real time state through a graphical user interface.
by ZhiYi Liang.
S.B.
S.B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Sathe, Rahul D. "Design and Development of a Novel Implantable Prosthetic Vein Valve." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14495.

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Over seven million Americans suffer from Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI), a painful and debilitating disease that affects the superficial and deep veins of the legs. Problems associated with CVI include varicose veins, bleeding, ulcerations, severe swelling, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism, which may lead to death. The presence of CVI results from damaged (incompetent) one-way vein valves in leg veins. These valves normally allow forward flow of blood to the heart, and prevent blood from pooling at the feet. However, incompetent valves allow reflux of blood, causing clinical problems. There are few effective clinical therapies for treating CVI. Vein valve transplantation is a surgical option for treatment. However, it is often difficult to find suitable donor valves. Very few prosthetic valves developed in the past have demonstrated sufficient clinical or mechanical functionality. Persistent problems include thrombus formation, leaking valves, and valves that do not open at physiologic pressure gradient. The primary objective of this research was to develop a clinically relevant functional prosthetic vein valve. The novel prosthetic valve is flexible, biocompatible, has low thrombogenecity, and is easy to manufacture. It was designed to address well-defined consumer needs and functional design requirements. The valve was required to 1) withstand 300 mmHg of backpressure with leakage less than 1.0 mL/min, 2) open with a pressure gradient less than 5 mmHg, and 3) meet criteria 1 and 2 after 500,000 cycles of operation. The valve met these design requirements in bench testing. The valve can open with a pressure gradient of 2.6 0.7 mmHg, and can withstand 300 mmHg with leakage less than 0.5 mL/min. The valve remained functional after opening and closing over 500,000 times. The valve presented in this research is operationally functional, and is a potential solution for treating venous incompetence in CVI patients.
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Brubert, Jacob. "A novel polymeric prosthetic heart valve : design, manufacture, and testing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/256312.

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In this thesis a flexible leaflet polymeric prosthetic aortic heart valve was designed, manufactured, and tested. The prosthesis was designed with the aim of overcoming the need for anticoagulant therapy, which is required for current mechanical prostheses; while also having lifelong durability, which current bioprosthetic heart valves are not able to achieve. Inspired by the anisotropic architecture of collagen in the natural valve, a shortlist of polystyrene based block copolymers (BCPs), which can be processed to yield mechanically anisotropic materials, was proposed. The shortlist was evaluated based upon processability, biostability, ex vivo haemocompatibility, and a novel material performance index comprising the flexural modulus and the cyclic fatigue stress predicted by fracture mechanics methods. Polystyrene-block-polyethylene-polypropylene-block-polystyrene with 22 mol% polystyrene (SEPS22) was selected for further testing and use in the design. Haemocompatibility and calcification of the BCPs was assessed against reference materials. In measures of coagulation and thrombogenicity the BCPs were better than polyester, but worse than expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and pericardium graft materials. In measures of inflammation, the BCPs and polytetrafluoroethylene were better than polyester and pericardium. A durable heparin coating gave SEPS22 superior haemocompatibility compared to all the reference materials. The BCPs calcified less than pericardium, but calcification still accelerated failure. The technique of injection moulding discs of the BCP from a point was used to create a novel biaxial structure of cylindrical polystyrene domains. A combination of modelling and bench-scale injection moulding was used to select a point from which the prosthetic heart valve injection tool cavity should be filled. By simultaneously injecting at a point at the centre of the free edge of each leaflet, a bioinspired orientation was produced. Based upon hydrodynamic testing, a spherical form leaflet design was selected. The hydrodynamic performance of the complied with the ISO 5840 standard for cardiac valve prostheses, but the fatigue performance was inadequate due to the leaflets being thinner than specified due to manufacturer error. Fatigue prediction and finite element analysis were used to conjecture that correctly manufactured polymeric valves could theoretically reach the ISO limit, indicating that there is potential for polymeric prostheses to overcome the issues of durability and need for anticoagulation.
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Mahmood, Nasrul Humaimi. "3D surface reconstruction from multiviews for orthotic and prosthetic design." Thesis, University of Reading, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494971.

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Existing methods that use a fringe projection technique for orthotic and prosthetic designs produce good results for the trunk and lower limbs; however, the devices used for this purpose are expensive. This thesis investigates the use of an inexpensive passive method involving 3D surface reconstruction from video images taken at multiple views. The design and evaluation methodology, consisting of a number of techniques suitable for orthotic and prosthetic design, is developed. The method that focuses on fitting the reference model (3D model) of an object to the target data (3D data) is presented. The 3D model is obtained by a computer program while the 3D data uses the shape-from silhouette technique in an approximately circular motion.
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Ahmed, M. "Design and development of a prosthetic implant for cardiovascular reconstructions." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1334080/.

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There is a significant worldwide demand for a small calibre vascular graft for use as a bypass or replacement conduit. Our lab has developed a novel nanocomposite poly- mer based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and poly(carbonate-urea)urethane (POSS-PCU) which has displayed promising properties in vitro. In this thesis, POSS- PCU has been utilised to fabricate prosthetic small calibre conduits for use as arterial replacements. An important feature in determining the success of a graft is the wall structure which includes porosity, pore size and pore interconnectivity, which play a crucial role not only in determining the extent of graft healing but also on mechanical behaviour. A novel extrusion/phase inversion method was investigated and optimised to produce grafts with a range of pore sizes (0-30 μm) and porosities (up to 90%). With mismatches in mechanical properties implicated in the aetiology of intimal hyperplasia, the dynamic mechanical behaviour of grafts was investigated. Grafts could be engineered with compliance values ranging from 5 to 12 per mmHg x 10^-2 compared to an average value of 5.9 per mmHg x 10^-2 for the native artery. Biocompatibility is largely dependent on surface properties which were extensively characterised for each of the porous grafts. Grafts were found to readily endothelialise in vitro and were resistant to platelet activation. An external graft reinforcement method was developed in order to minimise graft kinking. Finally, the grafts were evaluated in vivo in an ovine model following GLP protocols for a period of 9 months. A patency rate of 70% was achieved (n=10). The positive in vitro results and successful conclusion to the large animal trial suggest that POSS-PCU small calibre grafts are a promising candidate for cardiovascular reconstructions.
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Tanner, Daniel Edward. "Design, analysis, testing, and evaluation of a prosthetic venous valve." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51758.

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Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) is characterized by chronic venous hypertension from blood pooling in the lower limbs. The resulting symptoms include leg pain, varicose veins, fatigue, venous edema, skin pigmentation, inflammation, induration, and ulceration. Reflux from incompetent venous valves is a factor in up to 94% of individuals with CVI. Current treatments of CVI include compression stockings, drug therapy, vein disabling, venous stenting, and surgical correction with varying rates of success. However, a minimally invasive correction of deep venous reflux does not currently exist. A transcatheter prosthetic venous valve has the potential to be an effective, minimally invasive treatment for deep venous reflux which could treat up to 1.4 million individuals in the United States suffering from venous ulceration and make more than 1.7 billion dollars each year. Previously developed prosthetic venous valves have had problems with competency, patency, thrombogenicity, biocompatibility, and incorrect sizing. To meet the clinical need a prosthetic valve needs to be developed which succeeds where previous valves have failed. This thesis describes the design, analysis, pre-clinical testing, and evaluation of a novel prosthetic venous valve. Design specifications for an effective prosthetic venous valve were created. Verification tests were developed and performed which demonstrated that the valve met every design specification. Finite element and computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to analyze the valve and calculated a maximum shear rate of 2300 s-1 in the valve during the high forward flow after a Valsalva maneuver. The valve is made of a biocompatible material that has low thrombogenicity, Poly(vinyl-alcohol) cryogel. On the average, the valve allows less than 0.5 mL/min of reflux at low and high retrograde pressures even after 500,000 cycles, indicating that it will reduce the reflux of individuals with venous reflux by more than 99.4%. The valve closes in less than 0.07 seconds and allows the distal pressure to rise to an average of 7% of the equilibrium pressure 30 seconds after a simulated ankle flexion. The valve increases the outflow resistance an average of 2.3 mmHg*min/L which is much less than obstruction levels,≥ 5 mmHg*min/L. The valve can fit in a 16 French catheter and is capable of percutaneous delivery. The base of the valve is 1.5 times the diameter of the vein in which it is to be implanted to help correct orientation upon deployment. Fluid behind the valve’s leaflets is ejected with a forward flow rate of 400 mL/min, suggesting that thrombus formation will not occur at this location. A stented valve remained patent in a porcine blood flow loop for 3 hours. The valve remains competent without buckling in a constricted vein at rest. The valve can expand to fit a vein with a maximum diameter 1.4 times the valve's initial diameter with low risk of tearing or leaflet prolapse. An IACUC protocol for a 12 week study to test the valve in sheep was prepared and approved. A study to evaluate the valve in humans is proposed with endpoints that can be tested for statistical significance and compared with other treatments for CVI. A set of valves which will correct reflux in the majority of common femoral, femoral, and popliteal deep veins is proposed and a sizing guide for surgeons is provided. The minimum distance between prosthetic valves placed in the same vein segment is 13 cm. A comparison of this valve with previously developed prosthetic venous valves and recommendations for work to be performed in the future are given. The valve proposed in this work is the only valve to meet all design specification for an effective prosthetic venous valve, and therefore shows great potential to be a minimally invasive treatment for deep venous reflux.
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Books on the topic "Surgical and Prosthetic Design"

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H, Bowker John, and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons., eds. Atlas of limb prosthetics: Surgical, prosthetic, and rehabilitation principles. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book, 1992.

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Upper-limb deficiencies in children: Prosthetic, orthotic, and surgical management. Boston: Little, Brown, 1987.

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Andrysek, Jan. Design of a paediatric prosthetic knee joint. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2000.

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Lunsford, Thomas R. Strength of materials in orthotic and prosthetic design. Alexandria, VA: American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists, Inc., 1996.

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Maloney, Mary E. The dermatologic surgical suite: Design and materials. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1991.

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T, Mathie Robert, and Taylor K. M, eds. Principles of surgical research. 2nd ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1995.

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Knahr, Karl. Total Hip Arthroplasty: Tribological Considerations and Clinical Consequences. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Jésus, Algaba, ed. Surgery and prosthetic voice restoration after total and subtotal laryngectomy: Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Surgical and Prosthetic Voice Restoration after Total Laryngectomy, San Sebastian, Spain, 29 September-1 October 1995. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1996.

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Katsev, Robert A. Partial denture design: A lingual locking approach. St. Louis: Ishiyaku EuroAmerica, 1987.

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Katsev, Robert A. Partial denture design: A lingual locking approach. St. Louis, Mo: Ishiyaku EuroAmerica, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Surgical and Prosthetic Design"

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Boileau, P., and G. Walch. "Anatomical Study of the Proximal Humerus: Surgical Technique Considerations and Prosthetic Design Rationale." In Shoulder Arthroplasty, 69–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58365-0_8.

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Masri, Bassam A., Christopher P. Beauchamp, and Clive P. Duncan. "Evolution and Design Rationale of the PROSTALAC Knee System in the Management of the Infected Total Knee Prosthesis." In Surgical Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty, 473–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21714-2_62.

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Shahi, Shivdev, Satya Bir Singh, and Pankaj Thakur. "Comparative Analysis of Elastic-Plastic Stress Distributions in Human Femur Bone, Titanium, and Boron-Aluminum Fiber-Reinforced Composite for Surgical Implants and Prosthetic Equipment Design." In Nanomechanics and Micromechanics, 173–90. Series statement: AAP research notes on nanoscience & nanotechnology: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429322440-9.

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Trombetta, Flavio, and Tommaso Lubrano. "Prosthetic Materials in Surgical Oncology." In New Technologies in Surgical Oncology, 37–43. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1475-6_4.

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Khalil, Amina, and Jonathan Anderson. "Native and Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis." In Surgical Management of Aortic Pathology, 643–61. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-4874-7_44.

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Pozzoli, Alberto, Maurizio Taramasso, Michel Zuber, Shingo Kuwata, André Plass, Marco Russo, Fabian Nietlispach, and Francesco Maisano. "Management of Aortic Prosthetic Leaks." In Surgical Management of Aortic Pathology, 719–30. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-4874-7_49.

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Fernandez, Javier. "Surgical Aspects of Valve Implantation." In Guide to Prosthetic Cardiac Valves, 101–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5096-8_5.

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Hruban, Ralph H., William H. Westra, Timothy H. Phelps, and Christina Isacson. "Common Prosthetic Cardiac Valves/Wedge Resection (of Lung)." In Surgical Pathology Dissection, 17–18. New York, NY: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2398-6_9.

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Novitsky, Yuri W., and Luis A. Martin-del-Campo. "Prosthetic Options: Advantages and Disadvantages." In Surgical Principles in Inguinal Hernia Repair, 25–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92892-0_4.

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Khurana, Jasvir S., and Vivian Arguello-Guerra. "The Surgical Pathology of Prosthetic Materials." In Bone Pathology, 209–15. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-347-9_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Surgical and Prosthetic Design"

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Vasquez, Sarah, Thomas Lipkin, Dana Landry, Jenna Currie, Pradeep Radhakrishnan, Dirk Albrecht, and Kaveh Pahlavan. "Investigating the Use of Magnetic Actuation for a Self-Contained Functional Tongue Prosthetic." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69641.

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Abstract Oral cancer can result in the loss of the tongue through surgical removal known as glossectomy. Patients who have undergone this procedure face challenges during speech, mastication, and deglutition. Currently, tongue prosthetics lack functionality and are mainly cosmetic. Many of these prosthetics are made of wax and connected to a retainer, which attaches to the back molars of the patient. The goal of this project was to develop a self-contained mechatronic tongue prosthesis that can fit within the oral cavity and aid in deglutition. Investigations into various techniques and sensors supporting miniaturization were carried out and magnetic actuation was found to be the most promising technique. The development process involved redesigning the silicone cast to house sensors, selecting sensors and components for magnetic actuation, magnetic field quantification and miniaturizing various other electrical components. The tongue prosthesis was tested, and the displacement was comparable to a normal human tongue. Details from literature review, design iterations, simulations, validation processes, manufacturing challenges and conclusions will be discussed in depth in this paper.
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Portnoy, Sigal, Ziva Yizhar, Noga Shabshin, Yaakov Itzchak, Anat Kristal, Itzhak Siev-Ner, and Amit Gefen. "Anatomical and Surgical Risk Factors Affecting the Internal Mechanical Conditions in the Transtibial Residuum." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204523.

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Transtibial amputation (TTA) patients face ongoing morphological changes in their residual limb. The residuum volume changes due to weight gain or loss, diurnal edema, and muscle atrophy. Consequently, the TTA prosthetic-user is fitted with a new prosthetic socket approximately every four years. Despite new innovations in socket and liner materials and design, contemporary prosthetics are not yet equipped to confront these changes. The TTA residual limb is therefore subjected to high superficial and internal stresses which may cause injury. Appending the hazardous condition of natural volume change of the residuum is the initial geometrical state of the truncated bones. The primary surgical considerations in TTA are the tibial length, the bevelment of the distal end of the tibia and the location of the surgical scar. These risk factors may significantly affect the well being of the TTA residuum. Previous studies assumed that the criteria for a well-fitted socket were low interface stresses. However, while interface stress measurements may help prevent superficial skin damage, knowledge of the internal stress distribution can prevent the formation of deep tissue injury (DTI) [1]. While superficial pressure ulcers are visually detected, DTI is concealed under the skin and spreads to its surroundings in the soft tissues of the residuum. If this latent wound is ignored, the skin will rupture to reveal a massive injury to skin, fat and muscle tissues, clinically termed as a type IV pressure ulcer. Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of the following risk factors on the internal mechanical condition of the TTA residuum: shorter tibial lengths (thicker muscle flap tissue), milder tibial end bevelments, different mechanical properties of the muscle flap (simulating both variance between patients or flaccid versus contracted muscle) and superficial scarring in inferior and anterior locations on the skin.
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Araya, Francis Darmont, and Pradeep Radhakrishnan. "Investigating the Design and Manufacture of PneuNet Actuators As a Prosthetic Tongue for Mimicking Human Deglutition." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24220.

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Abstract The number of Total Glossectomy cases in the United States is seeing an increasing trend as per the Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database. Patients, who have undergone such aggressive surgical procedures, have extensive limitations performing basic oral functions such as swallowing (deglutition), eating and speaking. Current rehabilitation prostheses do little in restoring the functionality of the original tongue. This is true especially in deglutition, which is necessary to transfer a bolus to the esophagus. Such patients need advanced prosthetic devices and through this research, investigations into potential solutions for prosthetic tongues to aid in deglutition were carried out. Different designs were considered and based on a decision matrix, PneuNets (pneumatic networks) were adopted as the foundational basis for generating prosthetic tongue designs. Several prototypes were fabricated that used the Fused Filament Deposition process for producing the mold and silicone Eco-flex 00-30 for producing the mechanism. The resulting mechanism was powered using a pneumatic input and kinematic data was collected. Details from literature review, design iterations, simulations, validation processes, manufacturing challenges and conclusions will be discussed in depth in this paper.
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Burgreen, Greg W., and James F. Antaki. "CFD-Based Design Optimization of a Three-Dimensional Turbo Blood Pump." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0043.

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Abstract The analysis capabilities of CFD are beginning to be recognized by the biomedical community as a means to effect design improvements. Specifically, CFD is being used as a tool to help designers suggest improvements in the fluid dynamic behavior within prosthetic devices or pertaining to a surgical procedure. Some flow problems that have been analyzed with this intent in mind include blood pumps of rotary [1,2] and positive displacement [3] types and vascular grafts and stents [4].
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Mousel, John A., Sarah C. Vigmostad, H. S. Udaykumar, and Krishnan B. Chandran. "pELAFINT3D: A Unified Approach for Modeling Prosthetic Heart Valves." In ASME 2013 Conference on Frontiers in Medical Devices: Applications of Computer Modeling and Simulation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fmd2013-16121.

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Cutting edge computational tools are an important component of the future of tasks such as surgical planning of mitral valve repair and the design and evaluation of prosthetic valves. For example, despite half a century of use, mechanical heart valves still require further research to reduce the non-physiologic nature of the flow field, which is the source of potential medical complications, of which the most serious complication is thrombus formation [1]. In fact, there is still a lack of consensus in the literature about which flow pathologies are the most damaging to blood elements [2, 3]. Much computational work has been performed examining the flow around mechanical heart valve devices [4, 5], but because the emphasis has been on correct valve motion and not fine structure detail, only the largest features have been adequately resolved and the forward flow structures are allowed to dissipate on stretched meshes such that the features may not lead to the correct fine structure state as directionality of blood flow changes during the cardiac cycle.
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Salazar-Salgado, Sara, and Elizabeth Rendón-Vélez. "Displacement of the Residual Limb Within Transfemoral Sockets: A Literature Review." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23416.

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Abstract According to the World Health Organization and the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics, between 0.5 to 0.8 percent of the global population has suffered limb amputations. In the last years, Colombia, Angola, Afghanistan, and Chechenia are the countries that have held the first places with the highest amount of landmine victims. In Colombia, this weapon has left more than 10.000 affected people, many of which have suffered traumatic lower limb amputation To recover some of the lost function, amputees are generally prescribed with a prosthesis. However, the adaptation of the user with this element depends on the comfort felt when using it and consequently, on the fit between the socket and the residual limb. The fit between these two elements is highly influenced by the relative motion between them (i.e. displacement, slip). Both excess of displacement or complete absence, have several negative consequences for the amputee. Thus, measuring displacement could be an important indicator of the quality of the socket and the suspension system, and could provide critical information to improve surgical interventions, the prescription of prosthetic elements and the design and development of new prosthetic components. Several authors have investigated this topic; however, the studies have been mostly conducted on transtibial amputees. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the gathered information about the displacement between the socket and residual limb in transfemoral amputees. A computer-aided systematic literature search was performed by two independent reviewers using three databases. The selected papers were evaluated with regards to: sample characteristics, displacement measurement instrument, measured activity, displacement axis, surfaces in contact, type of socket and type of suspension system used. Most of the studies were performed on less than five individuals with mature residual limbs and trauma caused amputation. The most common aspects of displacement were: imaging techniques (measurement instrument), gait (measured activity), vertical direction (displacement axis), bone/socket (surfaces in contact), quadrilateral (type of socket) and suction-based (suspension system). The optimal range of motion is still unknown for transfemoral amputees. A marker-based optical tracking system is promising for research purposes, while electronic sensors would be optimal for clinical use. Volume change may be an indirect and, more straightforward option to measure displacement. Further research is needed to determine the effect of using a modified socket, to find a way to measure relative motion inside the socket using marker-based optical tracking systems and to define the influence of subject-specific characteristics in the amount of displacement. A better understanding of what happens inside the socket helps to optimize prosthetic designs and to improve the amputee’s quality of life.
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Claiborne, Thomas E., Michalis Xenos, Gaurav Girdhar, Yared Alemu, Jawaad Sheriff, Marvin Slepian, Leonard Pinchuk, Jolyon Jesty, Shmuel Einav, and Danny Bluestein. "Dynamic Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of Trileaflet Polymer Prosthetic Heart Valves." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53176.

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Valvular heart disease (VHD) continues to be a significant public health issue with an estimated 1–2% of the population affected [1]. Currently, VDH is primarily treated at the end stages with open-heart surgical replacement of the diseased valve with either a tissue or mechanical prosthetic heart valve (PHV), each having deficiencies including low durability and high thrombosis respectively. Polymer trileaflet PHVs have been designed to mimic the native aortic valve (AV) hemodynamics while being more durable and less thrombogenic than current PHVs. Recent advances in polymers and its applications for polymer PHVs, including transcatheter PHVs or use in the Total Artificial Heart (TAH) (Fig. 1), encourage further research and development [2–4]. Paramount to polymer PHV progress is proving equivalence to commercially available FDA approved PHVs.
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Smadi, Othman, Zahra Keshavarz-Motamed, Ibrahim Hassan, Philippe Pibarot, and Lyes Kadem. "Impact of Aortic Prosthetic Heart Valve Dysfunction on Left Ventricular Afterload and on the Accuracy of Echo-Doppler Measurements." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53769.

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Left heart side (left ventricle and left atrium) is responsible for delivering the oxygenated blood to all body organs, where a relatively strong left ventricle contraction is needed to deliver around 5 liters of blood per minute. As a consequence, the left heart side experiences a high pressure (∼150 mmHg). Therefore, the dysfunction (stenosis or incompetence) in the aortic and/or mitral heart valves in the left side of the heart is more common than the dysfunction in the pulmonary and tricuspid heart valves in the right side of the heart (Yoganathan et al., 2004). Heart valve surgical replacement is the most effective solution in severe functional heart valve disease (Pibarot and Dumesnil, 2009). Almost, half of the total implants of prosthetic heart valves (∼300,000) are mechanical (mainly bileaflet). In case of mechanical heart valve (MHV), a lifelong anti-coagulant should be taken to avoid thromboembolic events. Despite the significant improvement in valve design resulting in minimizing prosthetic valve complications (thromboembolic events or pannus formation), these complications are still possible with MHV Implantation.
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Salimi, A., J. Mohammadpour, K. Grigoriadis, and N. V. Tsekos. "Dynamic Simulation of Blood Flow Effects on Flexible Manipulators During Intra-Cardiac Procedures on the Beating Heart." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6167.

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In this paper, we develop a numerical mixed flexible-rigid body model to take into account the effects of the external disturbances acting on a flexible manipulator secondary to the oscillatory transmitral blood flow in the left ventricle. The manipulator is made of a flexible rubber-like material to further extend the surgical robotic-based catheters’ degrees of freedom and steer-ability in beating-heart prosthetic aortic valve implantation procedure. Along with the developed numerical model, a detailed description of the catheter’s mechanical architecture and the actuation system is also provided. Necessity of employing such a model for the designed system is clearly justified using simulation studies.
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Smadi, Othman, Ibrahim Hassan, Philippe Pibarot, and Lyes Kadem. "Bileaflet Prosthetic Heart Valve Disease: Numerical Approach Using 3-D Fluid-Structure Interaction Model With Realistic Aortic Root." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-31203.

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Surgical replacement, in the incidence of severely diseased heart valve, is vital in order to restore the normal heart function. Every year around 280,000 valve replacements occur around the world, half of them are bileaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHVs). Despite the remarkable improvement in valve design resulting in minimizing prosthetic valve complications (thromboembolic events or pannus formation), these complications are still possible with BMHV Implantation. As a consequence, an obstruction in one or both MHV leaflets could happen and threaten the patient life. In the present study, an obstructed bileaflet MHV with different percentages of malfunction was simulated assuming 3-D fluid structure interaction (FSI) adapting k-w turbulence as a robust model for the transitional flow using 2.5 million elements and creating a realistic aortic root model with three sinuses. Velocity contours for different percentages of malfunction were compared mainly at B-datum plane and the perpendicular plane to the B-Datum. Also, the development of coherent structures was investigated. Clinically, the maximum pressure gradients were estimated by mimicking the Echo Doppler assumptions (using the simplified Bernoulli equation).
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Reports on the topic "Surgical and Prosthetic Design"

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Hollerbach, K., and A. Hollister. Prosthetic knee design by simulation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15002379.

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Wickstrom, Eric. Three Dimensional Projection Environment for Molecular Design and Surgical Simulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada549471.

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Jorgensen, Shelly. Design and testing of microfabricated surgical tools for large animal probe insertion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1305826.

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Barr, Robert W. Development of Design Parameters and Conceptual Drawing for a Plasma Etcher to Clean and Sterilize Surgical Instruments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada259791.

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Sandeep, Bhushan, Huang Xin, and Xiao Zongwei. A comparison of regional anesthesia techniques in patients undergoing of video-assisted thoracic surgery: A network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0003.

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Review question / Objective: Although video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique, the pain remains moderate to severe. We comprehensively compared the regional anesthesia methods for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Eligibility criteria: All published full-article RCTs comparing the analgesic efficacy of investigated regional anesthesia technique or comparative blocks in adult patients undergoing any VATS were eligible for inclusion. There were no language restrictions. Moreover, we also excluded case reports, non-RCT studies, incomplete clinical trials, and any trials used multiple nerve blocks. We also excluded any conference abstracts which could not offer enough information about the study design, or by data request to the author.
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