Relevant bibliographies by topics / Surgery Practice

Academic literature on the topic 'Surgery Practice'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Surgery Practice"

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Kalender, Mehmet, Ali Fedakar, Taylan Adademir, Salih Salihi, Kamil Boyacıoğlu, Babürhan Özbek, Mehmet Taşar, and Mehmet Balkanay. "CARDIAC SURGERY Trends in mechanical aortic valve replacement surgery in a large, multi-surgeon, single hospital practice." Polish Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 4 (2014): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/kitp.2014.47334.

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Faris, Irwin, Brian Buxton, and Alan T. Marty. "PRACTICE OF SURGERY: ANEURYSM SURGERY." Chest 112, no. 2 (August 1997): A36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-3692(15)53061-4.

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Schaefers, Hans J. "Cardiac and thoracic surgery-combined or separate training and practice." Journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery 19, no. 3 (2005): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2995/jacsurg.19.304.

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R.K., Chittoria, Pandey S., Mohapatra D.P., Friji M.T., and Dinesh K.S. "Role of 3D Image Magnifier Screen in Plastic Surgery Practice." Indian Journal of Medical & Health Sciences 3, no. 2 (2016): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijmhs.2347.9981.3216.13.

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Coulthard, Paul. "International oral surgery practice." Oral Surgery 8, no. 2 (April 23, 2015): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ors.12174.

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Ramos, Douglas J. "Practice of Hand Surgery." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 85, no. 6 (June 1990): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199006000-00038.

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Wright, Jemes G., Robin S. McLeod, John Mahoney, Al Lossing, and Xiaohan Hu. "Practice guidelines in surgery." Surgery 119, no. 6 (June 1996): 706–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6060(96)80197-8.

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Shemin, Richard J. "Thoracic Surgery Practice Surveys." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 97, no. 1 (January 2014): S40—S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.10.008.

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Devon, Karen. "The Practice of Surgery." Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics 5, no. 1 (2015): E1—E2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nib.2015.0023.

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Moore, George E. "Current Practice of Surgery." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 271, no. 7 (February 16, 1994): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1994.03510310091053.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Surgery Practice"

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Pockney, Peter Graham. "Aspects of minor surgery in general practice." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403822.

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Lau, Sze-lok Alfred. "Evidence-based practice in oral and maxillofacial surgery /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B32222154.

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Lau, Sze-lok Alfred, and 劉思樂. "Evidence-based practice in oral and maxillofacial surgery." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007755.

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Mac, Donald Tanya. "Standardized functional capacity outcome measures in post-operative cardiac surgery: A survey of current clinical practice and development of a clinical practice guideline (CPG)." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28369.

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The objectives of the thesis were to determine the prevalence of functional capacity outcome measure use among physiotherapists working with post-operative cardiac surgery clients and to develop evidence-based recommendations regarding their use in clinical practice. The thesis consisted of a systematic review of the literature; a survey of outcome measure use in clinical practice; and the development of a clinical practice guideline. Thirty-one functional capacity outcome measures were included in the review. Only 2.6% of survey respondents reported almost always using outcome measures in their clinical practice. The Six Minute Walk Test, the modified Borg Rating Scale of Perceived Exertion and vital signs were recommended for routine use in clinical practice. A variety of outcome measures are available for use in clinical practice however their use in clinical practice continues to be less than optimal. There is a need for continued training in outcome measure use in clinical practice.
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Jacka, Michael J. "A survey of monitoring practice of anesthesiologists during cardiovascular surgery." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/MQ45908.pdf.

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Roy, Rajneesh, and n/a. "Theory and practice of resecting and managing root ends." University of Otago. School of Dentistry, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20071221.144604.

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Contemporary methods of resection and management of the root end during apical surgery were reviewed. Two studies are reported here, one on the amount of peripheral root structure remaining after root-end cavity preparation in maxillary central incisors and canines, and the other on the effect of the dimensions of the cut root face on the size of the root-end cavities cut by experienced endodontists. To investigate the amount of peripheral root structure remaining after root-end cavity preparation, three senior endodontic graduate students were asked to prepare conservative root-end cavities in thirty root-treated maxillary central incisors and thirty canines. Not a single tooth had the recommended 2 mm circumferential root dentine after 3 mm resection. Sixty two percent of the central incisors did not have a 2 mm dentine periphery around the root-end cavity preparations after 6 mm resection. To investigate the effect of the dimensions of the cut root face on the size of root-end cavities, five practicing endodontic specialists prepared conservative root-end cavities in thirty single-rooted teeth each after resection of the apical 3 mm. The endodontists prepared larger cavities in larger root faces. More precisely, the cavity sizes suggested that the endodontists were suffering from the effects of a visual illusion, the Delboeuf illusion. There are two major conclusions. First, the theory concerning the amount of circumferential dentine in a resected root face needs revision. Second, endodontists need to be aware of how the appearance of a cut root face can influence the size of cavities they cut.
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Pumper, Candace. "PROTOCOLS FOR PERIOPERATIVE NUTRITIONAL CARE PRACTICE IN ACCREDITED BARIATRIC SURGICAL CENTERS: A SURVEY OF CURRENT PRACTICE." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1500560856156472.

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Farrell, Anita Helen. "Coping after breast surgery: a portfolio of study, practice and research." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484283.

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Gemmill, Elizabeth H. "Minimally invasive gastro-oesophageal surgery for cancer : current evidence and practice." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/55424/.

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Background Since its introduction in the early 1990s, minimally invasive gastro-oesophageal surgery for cancer has been growing in popularity. Despite this, published evidence on this type of technique is weak and its role in the management of gastric and oesophageal cancer remains controversial. Aims The aim of this thesis was to test the hypothesis that: minimally invasive gastro- oesophageal cancer surgery has superior outcomes compared to control studies of conventional open surgery; but current studies are methodologically inadequate to confirm this. Methods The first study (chapter 3) is a systematic review of the literature on minimally invasive gastro-oesophageal cancer surgery, outlining the differences between literature published in Eastern and Western countries. The following 3 chapters outline and use a phase II surgical study to obtain data on minimally invasive gastro-oesophageal cancer (MIGOCS.) The MIGOCS group was set up in 2005 amongst UK surgeons. An online database was developed to enable data collection and comprises 5 sections: demographics; pre-operative staging and assessment; surgical intervention; post-operative course; pathology and clinical outcome. The first study is retrospective collecting data up to December 2006; the second study is prospective with data obtained between December 2006- July 2008 from centres around the UK utilising the MIGOCS database. Chapter 7 involves analysis of the learning curve in laparoscopic gastro-oesophageal cancer surgery using CUSUM (continuous surveillance monitoring) assessment. By studying operative time at each centre, improvement or deterioration in quality were detected. Results The systematic review of minimally invasive gastro-oesophageal surgery consists in the majority of case reports, with no randomised controlled trials of oesophagectomies and 4 (low quality) randomised controlled trials of gastrectomies. It demonstrates a mortality and morbidity of 2.3% and 46.2% respectively for oesophagectomies; 0.1% and 12.7% respectively for gastrectomies. Data from this review suggests that the minimally invasive approach is beneficial compared to open surgery in terms of reduced mortality, respiratory complications, blood loss and quicker return to a good quality of life (but not reduced hospital stay as expected.) There are currently 60 MIGOCS member consultant surgeons from over 40 UK centres. The retrospective study obtained data from 7 UK centres with an overall mortality and morbidity of 6.0% and 57% respectively for oesophagectomies and 7.7% and 13% respectively for gastrectomies. The prospective study collected data from 7 UK centres, comprising a total of 258 minimally invasive oesophagectomies and 33 minimally invasive gastrectomies. Overall mortality and morbidity were 2.5% and 56.6% respectively for oesophagectomies and 10.8% and 27.3% respectively for gastrectomies. CUSUM analysis varied considerably between centres. The two larger volume centres however demonstrated an improvement in their operative time with experience, with a possible pateau at around 30 procedures. Conclusions Published data suggests that the minimally invasive approach to gastro-oesophageal cancer has advantages over conventional open surgery. Data collected in this thesis does not overwhelmingly support published evidence, but does demonstrate that this technique is both safe and feasible even during the early part of a surgeon's learning curve. It is the first study to provide an insight into outcomes of this type of surgery in a multicentre setting in the UK; and has made progress towards a randomised controlled trial.
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Pope, Catherine Jane. "Assessing evidence based medicine : an investigation of the practice of surgery." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1999. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682272/.

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Objectives: The thesis seeks to provide an analysis of surgical work and decision making, to identify the basis of the widely observed variation in surgical practice and to indicate what surgeons see as the source(s) of that variation. Against this background, it examines the strengths and limitations of the approach promoted by the evidence-based medicine movement to surgical work. Methods: A qualitative study of surgical practice by urological and gynaecological surgeons in England and the USA involved in the treatment of female urinary stress incontinence. Depth interviews with 29 English surgeons and five American surgeons. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Observation of 23 operations and additional ethnographic data collection at the hospitals and clinics where these surgeons worked. The observational data consist of near verbatim notes. All these data were analysed using the constant comparative approach described by Glaser and Strauss (1967). A variant of the split-half technique was used to test emerging themes. Results: Surgical practice is contingent: it is dependent on a range of variables, and, it is serendipitous. Three categories of contingency are identified (case, surgeon and external contingency). It is argued that surgical practice entails the complex interplay of these conditional factors and chance happenings. In order to learn to deal with contingency, surgeons learn or acquire practice skills through first hand experience. The thesis explores the role of the surgical apprenticeship and models of learning used by surgeons. Conclusion: The nature of surgical practice presents some fundamental challenges to EBM. The contingent and experiential features of surgical work raise serious doubts about the applicability of EBM to surgery.
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Books on the topic "Surgery Practice"

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Shija, Joseph K. Surgery in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam University Press, 1990.

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The practice of surgery. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1993.

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1933-, Johnson Lanny L., ed. Arthroscopic surgery: Principles & practice. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1986.

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Sodera, Vija K. Minor surgery in practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

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Minor surgery in practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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Li, Michelle, Jeffrey A. Norton, R. Randal Bollinger, Alfred E. Chang, Stephen F. Lowry, Sean J. Mulvihill, Harvey I. Pass, and Robert W. Thompson. Essential Practice of Surgery. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b98876.

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Building your dermatologic surgery practice. St. Louis, Mo: Quality Medical Pub., 2010.

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Kuechel, Marie Czenko. Dermatologic surgery practice: Principles & strategies. St. Louis, Mo: Quality Medical Pub., 2009.

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N, Kingsnorth A., and Majid Aljafri A, eds. Fundamentals of surgical practice. 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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A, Cuschieri, Giles G. R, and Moossa A. R, eds. Essential surgical practice. 3rd ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Surgery Practice"

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Fry, John, Kenneth Scott, and Pauline Jeffree. "Minor Surgery." In Practice Management Compendium, 249–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3913-7_8.

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Taş, Suleyman. "Dorsum Surgery." In Rhinoplasty in Practice, 25–72. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003174165-3.

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Adrales, Gina L. "Minimally Invasive Surgery and Bariatric Surgery." In Building a Clinical Practice, 177–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29271-3_19.

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Greenup, Rachel Adams, and Laura H. Rosenberger. "Breast Surgery." In Building a Clinical Practice, 183–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29271-3_20.

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King, Timothy W. "Plastic Surgery." In Building a Clinical Practice, 203–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29271-3_23.

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Duwayri, Yazan, and Matthew A. Corriere. "Vascular Surgery." In Building a Clinical Practice, 239–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29271-3_27.

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Taş, Suleyman. "Alar Base Surgery." In Rhinoplasty in Practice, 115–35. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003174165-5.

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Taş, Suleyman. "Nasal Tip Surgery." In Rhinoplasty in Practice, 73–113. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003174165-4.

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Boriani, S., F. De Iure, A. Gasbarrini, and S. Bandiera. "Tumor Surgery." In Practice of Intramedullary Locked Nails, 95–107. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56337-9_10.

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Honegger, Jürgen. "Pituitary Surgery." In Advanced Practice in Endocrinology Nursing, 415–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99817-6_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Surgery Practice"

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McCauley, Mark C. "Laser-assisted oral surgery in general practice." In Advanced Laser Dentistry, edited by Gregory B. Altshuler, Richard J. Blankenau, and Harvey A. Wigdor. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.207015.

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Hedlund, Rune. "Low Grade Adult Spondylolisthesis – Evidence Based ‘Best Surgical Practice’." In eccElearning Postgraduate Diploma in Spine Surgery. eccElearning, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28962/01.3.080.

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Ahn, Samuel S. "Endovascular surgery: an emerging field for the '90s." In Modern Technologies Applied to Medical Practice, edited by Roy F. Potter. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.22359.

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Jing, Shu, Cong Liu, He Li, and Weihai Jiang. "EXPERIENCE ON THE CLINICAL PRACTICE TEACHING OF SURGERY." In 2016 International Conference on Biotechnology and Medical Science. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813145870_0061.

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Fiennes, A. G. T. W. "Minimally invasive surgery and technology." In IEE Colloquium on Technology in Medicine: Has Practice Met the Promise? IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19961019.

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Mason, D. G., N. D. Edwards, J. J. Ross, J. Andrzejowski, P. Clayden, T. Johnson, P. Dobbs, and D. A. Linkens. "Intelligent fuzzy control of muscle relaxation during surgery." In IEE Colloquium on Intelligent Decision Support in Clinical Practice. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980796.

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Corenthy, Loi¨c, Erik Vladimir Ortega Gonza´lez, Samir Garbaya, and Jose´ Miguel Espadero Guillermo. "3D Sound Cueing for the Simulation of Arthroscopic Surgery." In ASME 2010 World Conference on Innovative Virtual Reality. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/winvr2010-3745.

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Arthroscopic surgery offers many advantages compared to traditional surgery. Nevertheless, the required skills to practice this kind of surgery need specific training. Surgery simulators are used to train surgeon apprentices to practice specific gestures. In this paper, we present a study showing the contribution of 3D sound in assisting the triangulation gesture in arthroscopic surgery simulation. This ability refers to the capacity of the subject to manipulate the instruments while having a modified and limited view provided by the video camera of the simulator. Our approach, based on the use of 3D sound metaphors, provides interaction cues to the subjects about the real position of the instrument. The paper reports a performance evaluation study based on the perception of 3D sound integrated in the process of training of surgical task. Despite the fact that 3D sound cueing was not shown useful to all subjects in terms of execution time, the results of the study revealed that the majority of subjects who participated to the experiment confirmed the added value of 3D sound in terms of ease of use.
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Shamsutdinov, Sayfitdin, Diyor Abdurakhmanov, and Kosim Rakhmanov. "REPEATED RECONSTRUCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN THE SURGERY OF THE OPERATED STOMACH." In SCIENTIFIC PRACTICE: MODERN AND CLASSICAL RESEARCH METHODS. European Scientific Platform, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/logos-26.02.2021.v3.16.

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Coulson, C. J., D. Alderson, O. Tucker, A. P. Reid, and D. W. Proops. "Tissue Discrimination¿the Next Frontier in Robotic Surgery?" In 2008 15th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmvip.2008.4749524.

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Schuessler, Zohreh. "ROBOTIC-ASSISTED SURGERY: PERIOPERATIVE NURSES’ AND NURSE ANESTHETISTS’ EDUCATION AND PRACTICE." In 12th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2020.0616.

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Reports on the topic "Surgery Practice"

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Ahmed, Nabeela, Iain McVicar, and Steve Payne. Teaching postgraduate surgery and assessment of learning in surgical practice. BJUI Knowledge, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18591/bjuik.0700.

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Xin, Wu, and Xue Tao. The efficacy and safety of neuromodulation in refractory epilepsy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0042.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of different neuromodulation applied to the refractory epilepsy and provide a better choice for clinical practice. Condition being studied: Epilepsy is a frequent neurologic illness defined by bursts of hypersynchronized neural network activity that afflict about 1% of the global population. Unfortunately, roughly 30% of people with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) continue to experience seizures despite three anti-seizure drugs. In most cases, resective surgery, as the first-line treatment for DRE, is considered a curative therapy for achieving long-term seizure-free status, but about half of patients are not candidates for surgery due to a variety of factors such as multiple/diffuse/widespread seizure foci, epileptic foci arising from eloquent, primary generalized epilepsy, or patients unwilling to undergo surgery. Neuromodulation, albeit palliative, is an important alternative treatment for these individuals to prevent or decrease ictal episodes, which can affect the nervous system in a variety of ways.
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Adebayo, Oliver, Joanna Aldoori, William Allum, Noel Aruparayil, Abdul Badran, Jasmine Winter Beatty, Sanchita Bhatia, et al. Future of Surgery: Technology Enhanced Surgical Training: Report of the FOS:TEST Commission. The Royal College of Surgeons of England, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/fos2.2022.

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Over the past 50 years the capability of technology to improve surgical care has been realised and while surgical trainees and trainers strive to deliver care and train; the technological ‘solutions’ market continues to expand. However, there remains no coordinated process to assess these technologies. The FOS:TEST Report aimed to (1) define the current, unmet needs in surgical training, (2) assess the current evidence-base of technologies that may be beneficial to training and map these onto both the patient and trainee pathway and (3) make recommendations on the development, assessment, and adoption of novel surgical technologies. The FOS:TEST Commission was formed by the Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT), The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) Robotics and Digital Surgery Group and representatives from all trainee specialty associations. Two national datasets provided by Health Education England were used to identify unmet surgical training needs through qualitative analysis against pre-defined coding frameworks. These unmet needs were prioritised at two virtual consensus hackathons and mapped to the patient and trainee pathway and the capabilities in practice (CiPs) framework. The commission received more than 120 evidence submissions from surgeons in training, consultant surgeons and training leaders. Following peer review, 32 were selected that covered a range of innovations. Contributors also highlighted several important key considerations, including the changing pedagogy of surgical training, the ethics and challenges of big data and machine learning, sustainability, and health economics. This summates to 7 Key Recommendations and 51 concluding statements. The FOS:TEST Commission was borne out of what is a pivotal point in the digital transformation of surgical training. Academic expertise and collaboration will be required to evaluate efficacy of any novel training solution. However, this must be coupled with pragmatic assessments of feasibility and cost to ensure that any intervention is scalable for national implementation. Currently, there is no replacement for hands-on operating. However, for future UK and ROI surgeons to stay relevant in a global market, our training methods must adapt. The Future of Surgery: Technology Enhanced Surgical Training Report provides a blueprint for how this can be achieved.
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Schwieger, Alexandra, Kaelee Shrewsbury, and Paul Shaver. Dexmedetomidine vs Fentanyl in Attenuating the Sympathetic Surge During Endotracheal Intubation: A Scoping Review. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0007.

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Purpose/Background Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation after induction of anesthesia can cause a reflex sympathetic surge of catecholamines caused by airway stimulation. This may cause hypertension, tachycardia, and arrhythmias. This reflex can be detrimental in patients with poor cardiac reserve and can be poorly tolerated and lead to adverse events such as myocardial ischemia. Fentanyl, a potent opioid, with a rapid onset and short duration of action is given during induction to block the sympathetic response. With a rise in the opioid crisis and finding ways to change the practice in medicine to use less opioids, dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2 adrenergic agonist, can decrease the release of norepinephrine, has analgesic properties, and can lower the heart rate. Methods In this scoping review, studies published between 2009 and 2021 that compared fentanyl and dexmedetomidine during general anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation of surgical patients over the age of 18 were included. Full text, peer-reviewed studies in English were included with no limit on country of study. The outcomes included post-operative reviews of decrease in pain medication usage and hemodynamic stability. Studies that were included focused on hemodynamic variables such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and use of opioids post-surgery. Result Of 2,114 results from our search, 10 articles were selected based on multiple eligibility criteria of age greater than 18, patients undergoing endotracheal intubation after induction of general anesthesia, and required either a dose of dexmedetomidine or fentanyl to be given prior to intubation. Dexmedetomidine was shown to effectively attenuate the sympathetic surge during intubation over fentanyl. Dexmedetomidine showed a greater reduction in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure than fentanyl, causing better hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing elective surgery.Implications for Nursing Practice Findings during this scoping review indicate that dexmedetomidine is a safe and effective alternative to fentanyl during induction of general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation in attenuating the hemodynamic response. It is also a safe choice for opioid-free anesthesia.
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Acred, Aleksander, Milena Devineni, and Lindsey Blake. Opioid Free Anesthesia to Prevent Post Operative Nausea/Vomiting. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0006.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in opioid-utilizing and opioid-free general anesthesia. Background PONV is an extremely common, potentially dangerous side effect of general anesthesia. PONV is caused by a collection of anesthetic and surgical interventions. Current practice to prevent PONV is to use 1-2 antiemetics during surgery, identify high risk patients and utilize tracheal intubation over laryngeal airways when indicated. Current research suggests minimizing the use of volatile anesthetics and opioids can reduce the incidence of PONV, but this does not reflect current practice. Methods In this scoping review, the MeSH search terms used to collect data were “anesthesia”, “postoperative nausea and vomiting”, “morbidity”, “retrospective studies”, “anesthesia, general”, “analgesics, opioid”, “pain postoperative”, “pain management” and “anesthesia, intravenous”. The Discovery Search engine, AccessMedicine and UpToDate were the search engines used to research this data. Filters were applied to these searches to ensure all the literature was peer-reviewed, full-text and preferably from academic journals. Results Opioid free anesthesia was found to decrease PONV by 69%. PONV incidence was overwhelming decreased with opioid free anesthesia in every study that was reviewed. Implications The future direction of opioid-free anesthesia and PONV prevention are broad topics to discuss, due to the nature of anesthesia. Administration of TIVA, esmolol and ketamine, as well as the decision to withhold opioids, are solely up to the anesthesia provider’s discretion. Increasing research and education in the importance of opioid-free anesthesia to decrease the incidence of PONV will be necessary to ensure anesthesia providers choose this protocol in their practice.
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Harris, Gregory, Brooke Hatchell, Davelin Woodard, and Dwayne Accardo. Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine for Reduction of Postoperative Delirium in the Elderly: A Scoping Review. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0010.

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Background/Purpose: Post-operative delirium leads to significant morbidity in elderly patients, yet there is no regimen to prevent POD. Opioid use in the elderly surgical population is of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. The purpose of this scoping review is to recognize that Dexmedetomidine mitigates cognitive dysfunction secondary to acute pain and the use of narcotic analgesia by decreasing the amount of norepinephrine (an excitatory neurotransmitter) released during times of stress. This mechanism of action also provides analgesia through decreased perception and modulation of pain. Methods: The authors developed eligibility criteria for inclusion of articles and performed a systematic search of several databases. Each of the authors initially selected five articles for inclusion in the scoping review. We created annotated literature tables for easy screening by co-authors. After reviewing the annotated literature table four articles were excluded, leaving 11 articles for inclusion in the scoping review. There were six level I meta-analysis/systematic reviews, four level II randomized clinical trials, and one level IV qualitative research article. Next, we created a data-charting form on Microsoft Word for extraction of data items and synthesis of results. Results: Two of the studies found no significant difference in POD between dexmedetomidine groups and control groups. The nine remaining studies noted decreases in the rate, duration, and risk of POD in the groups receiving dexmedetomidine either intraoperatively or postoperatively. Multiple studies found secondary benefits in addition to decreased POD, such as a reduction of tachycardia, hypertension, stroke, hypoxemia, and narcotic use. One study, however, found that the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia were increased among the elderly population. Implications for Nursing Practice: Surgery is a tremendous stressor in any age group, but especially the elderly population. It has been shown postoperative delirium occurs in 17-61% of major surgery procedures with 30-40% of the cases assumed to be preventable. Opioid administration in the elderly surgical population is one of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. With anesthesia practice already leaning towards opioid-free and opioid-limited anesthetic, the incorporation of dexmedetomidine could prove to be a valuable resource in both reducing opioid use and POD in the elderly surgical population. Although more research is needed, the current evidence is promising.
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Zhou, Yujun, Qing Wang, Lin Lv, Hongyan Zhang, Dongli She, Long Ge, and Lin Han. Predictors of pressure injury in patients with hip fracture: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0028.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictors of pressure injury in patients with hip fracture in order to provide a reference for clinical practice. Condition being studied: Hip fracture has become a major public health issue of common concern in both developed and developing countries. and its incidence is estimated to rise to 6.26 million by 2050. Hip fracture patients are prone to various complications during treatment and rehabilitation, and pressure injury (PI) is one of the common complications of hip fracture. Studies have reported that the incidence of pressure injury in patients with hip fracture is 3.4%-59.8%. In addition, pressure injury may occur at any time when patients with hip fracture are hospitalized, which not only greatly aggregates the pain of patients, but also increases the difficulty of treatment and nursing, and seriously threatens the safety of patients. Clarifying the influencing factors of pressure injury after hip fracture will help medical staff quickly identify high-risk patients and strengthen preventive measures. However, previous studies have only discussed the influence of individual factors on the occurrence of pressure injury in patients with hip fracture from the perspectives of diabetes and early surgery, and there is still a lack of systematic analysis on the influencing factors of pressure injury in patients with hip fracture.
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Treadwell, Jonathan R., Mingche Wu, and Amy Y. Tsou. Management of Infantile Epilepsies. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer252.

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Objectives. Uncontrolled seizures in children 1 to 36 months old have serious short-term health risks and may be associated with substantial developmental, behavioral, and psychological impairments. We evaluated the effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, and harms of pharmacologic, dietary, surgical, neuromodulation, and gene therapy treatments for infantile epilepsies. Data sources. We searched Embase®, MEDLINE®, PubMed®, the Cochrane Library, and gray literature for studies published from January 1, 1999, to August 19, 2021. Review methods. Using standard Evidence-based Practice Center methods, we refined the scope and applied a priori inclusion criteria to the >10,000 articles identified. We ordered full text of any pediatric epilepsy articles to determine if they reported any data on those age 1 month to <36 months. We extracted key information from each included study, rated risk of bias, and rated the strength of evidence. We summarized the studies and outcomes narratively. Results. Forty-one studies (44 articles) met inclusion criteria. For pharmacotherapy, levetiracetam may cause seizure freedom in some patients (strength of evidence [SOE]: low), but data on other medications (topiramate, lamotrigine, phenytoin, vigabatrin, rufinamide, stiripentol) were insufficient to permit conclusions. Both ketogenic diet and the modified Atkins diet may reduce seizure frequency (SOE: low for both). In addition, the ketogenic diet may cause seizure freedom in some infants (SOE: low) and may be more likely than the modified Atkins diet to reduce seizure frequency (SOE: low). Both hemispherectomy/hemispherotomy and non-hemispheric surgical procedures may cause seizure freedom in some infants (SOE: low for both), but the precise proportion is too variable to estimate. For three medications (levetiracetam, topiramate, and lamotrigine), adverse effects may rarely be severe enough to warrant discontinuation (SOE: low). For topiramate, non-severe adverse effects include loss of appetite and upper respiratory tract infection (SOE: moderate). Harms of diets were sparsely reported. For surgical interventions, surgical mortality is rare for functional hemispherectomy/hemispherotomy and non-hemispheric procedures (SOE: low), but evidence was insufficient to permit quantitative estimates of mortality or morbidity risk. Hydrocephalus requiring shunt placement after multilobar, lobar, or focal resection is uncommon (SOE: low). No studies assessed neuromodulation or gene therapy. Conclusions. Levetiracetam, ketogenic diet, modified Atkins diet, and surgery all appear to be effective for some infants. However, the strength of the evidence is low for all of these modalities due to lack of control groups, low patient enrollment, and inconsistent reporting. Future studies should compare different pharmacologic treatments and compare pharmacotherapy with dietary therapy. Critical outcomes underrepresented in the literature include quality of life, sleep outcomes, and long-term development.
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Burniske, Jessica, Dustin Lewis, and Naz Modirzadeh. Suppressing Foreign Terrorist Fighters and Supporting Principled Humanitarian Action: A Provisional Framework for Analyzing State Practice. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/nrmd2833.

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In 2014, reports suggested that a surge of foreign jihadists were participating in armed conflicts in Syria, Iraq, and elsewhere. The United Nations Security Council responded by imposing in Resolution 2178 (2014) an array of obligations on member states to counter the threat posed by “foreign terrorist fighters” (FTFs). In the intervening year, those states have taken a range of actions — though at various speeds and with varying levels of commitment — to implement the FTF obligations imposed by the Council. Meanwhile, many states continue to fund and otherwise throw their support behind life-saving humanitarian relief for civilians in armed conflicts around the world — including conflicts involving terrorists. Yet, in recent years, members of the humanitarian community have been increasingly aware of the real, perceived, and potential impacts of counterterrorism laws on humanitarian action. Part of their interest stems from the fact that certain counterterrorism laws may, intentionally or unintentionally, adversely affect principled humanitarian action, especially in regions where terrorist groups control territory (and thus access to civilians, too). The effects of these laws may be widespread — ranging from heightened due diligence requirements on humanitarian organizations to restrictions on travel, from greater government scrutiny of national and regional staff of humanitarian organizations to decreased access to financial services and funding. Against that backdrop, this briefing report has two aims: first, to provide a primer on the most salient issues at the intersection of counterterrorism measures and humanitarian aid and assistance, with a focus on the ascendant FTF framing. And second, to put forward, for critical feedback and assessment, a provisional methodology for evaluating the following question: is it feasible to subject two key contemporary wartime concerns — the fight against FTFs and supporting humanitarian aid and assistance for civilians in terrorist-controlled territories — to meaningful empirical analysis?
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Wei, Dongmei, Yang Sun, and Hankang Hen. Effects of Baduanjin exercise on cardiac rehabilitation after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0080.

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Review question / Objective: Can Baduanjin exercise improve the cardiac rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary artery surgery? Condition being studied: Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is the single most common cause of death globally, with 7.4 million deaths in 2013, accounting for one-third of all deaths (WHO 2014). PCI has been shown to be effective in reducing mortality in patients with CHD. During follow-up, it has been shown that the benefits of PCI can be offset by the significant risks of coronary spasm, endothelial cell injury, recurrent ischemia, and even restenosis or thrombus. Numerous guidelines endorse the necessity for cardiac rehabilitation (CR), which is recommended for patients with chronic stable angina, acute coronary syndrome and for patients following PCI. Baduanjin have been widely practised in China for centuries, and as they are considered to be low risk interventions, their use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease is now becoming more widespread. The ability of Baduanjin to promote clinically meaningful influences in patients with CHD after PCI, however, still remains unclear.
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