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Journal articles on the topic 'Surface thermometry'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 July 2024

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1

Augustin, Silke, and Marc Schalles. "New publication of the VDI/VDE guideline 3520 “Surface temperature measurement with contact thermometers” – contents and background of the development." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 12, no. 1 (June 26, 2023): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-12-197-2023.

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Abstract. Temperature measurement at the surface of solids by means of contact thermometers has its own metrological characteristics, which are in contrast to characteristics of the measurement with immersed contact thermometers. They significantly influence the accuracy and the measurement uncertainty of the measured temperature and its deviations. Up to now, no national or international guideline exists which deals with the determination of the static and dynamic measurement deviations. Therefore, the guideline committee “VDI/VDE-GMA FA 4.62 Contact Thermometry” has developed the new VDI (Association of German Engineers) and VDE (Association for Electrical, Electronic and Information Technologies) guideline 3520 “Surface temperature measurement with contact thermometers”. It contains information about the most important properties of contact surface thermometers and error sources, and it presents typical measurement results for various applications. In addition, the parameters influencing the measurement result and test equipment for their determination are described, and concrete examples of thermometer data sheets are given.

2

Dolibog, Patrycja, Barbara Pietrzyk, Klaudia Kierszniok, and Krzysztof Pawlicki. "Comparative Analysis of Human Body Temperatures Measured with Noncontact and Contact Thermometers." Healthcare 10, no. 2 (February 9, 2022): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020331.

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Body temperature measurement is one of the basic methods in clinical diagnosis. The problems of thermometry—interpretation of the accuracy and repeatability of various types of thermometers—are still being discussed, especially during the current pandemic in connection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for causing the COVID-19 disease. The aim of the study was to compare surface temperatures of the human body measured by various techniques, in particular a noncontact thermometer (infrared) and contact thermometers (mercury, mercury-free, electronic). The study included 102 randomly selected healthy women and men (age 18–79 years). The Bland–Altman method was used to estimate the 95% reproducibility coefficient, i.e., to assess the degree of conformity between different attempts. Temperatures measured with contact thermometers in the armpit are higher than temperatures measured without contact at the frontal area of the head. The methods used to measure with contact thermometers and a noncontact infrared thermometer statistically showed high measurement reliability. In order to correctly interpret the result of measuring human body temperature, it is necessary to indicate the place of measurement and the type of thermometer used.

3

Mlačnik, Vid, and Igor Pušnik. "A Traceable Spectral Radiation Model of Radiation Thermometry." Applied Sciences 13, no. 8 (April 15, 2023): 4973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13084973.

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Despite great technical capabilities, the theory of non-contact temperature measurement is usually not fully applicable to the use of measuring instruments in practice. While black body calibrations and black body radiation thermometry (BBRT) are in practice well established and easy to accomplish, this calibration protocol is never fully applicable to measurements of real objects under real conditions. Currently, the best approximation to real-world radiation thermometry is grey body radiation thermometry (GBRT), which is supported by most measuring instruments to date. Nevertheless, the metrological requirements necessitate traceability; therefore, real body radiation thermometry (RBRT) method is required for temperature measurements of real bodies. This article documents the current state of temperature calculation algorithms for radiation thermometers and the creation of a traceable model for radiation thermometry of real bodies that uses an inverse model of the system of measurement to compensate for the loss of data caused by spectral integration, which occurs when thermal radiation is absorbed on the active surface of the sensor. To solve this problem, a hybrid model is proposed in which the spectral input parameters are converted to scalar inputs of a traditional scalar inverse model for GBRT. The method for calculating effective parameters, which corresponds to a system of measurement, is proposed and verified with the theoretical simulation model of non-contact thermometry. The sum of effective instrumental parameters is presented for different temperatures to show that the rule of GBRT, according to which the sum of instrumental emissivity and instrumental reflectivity is equal to 1, does not apply to RBRT. Using the derived models of radiation thermometry, the uncertainty of radiation thermometry due to the uncertainty of spectral emissivity was analysed by simulated worst-case measurements through temperature ranges of various radiation thermometers. This newly developed model for RBRT with known uncertainty of measurement enables traceable measurements using radiation thermometry under any conditions.

4

Kirilova, Martina, Virginia Toy, Jeremy S. Rooney, Carolina Giorgetti, Keith C. Gordon, Cristiano Collettini, and Toru Takeshita. "Structural disorder of graphite and implications for graphite thermometry." Solid Earth 9, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-9-223-2018.

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Abstract. Graphitization, or the progressive maturation of carbonaceous material, is considered an irreversible process. Thus, the degree of graphite crystallinity, or its structural order, has been calibrated as an indicator of the peak metamorphic temperatures experienced by the host rocks. However, discrepancies between temperatures indicated by graphite crystallinity versus other thermometers have been documented in deformed rocks. To examine the possibility of mechanical modifications of graphite structure and the potential impacts on graphite thermometry, we performed laboratory deformation experiments. We sheared highly crystalline graphite powder at normal stresses of 5 and 25 megapascal (MPa) and aseismic velocities of 1, 10 and 100 µm s−1. The degree of structural order both in the starting and resulting materials was analyzed by Raman microspectroscopy. Our results demonstrate structural disorder of graphite, manifested as changes in the Raman spectra. Microstructural observations show that brittle processes caused the documented mechanical modifications of the aggregate graphite crystallinity. We conclude that the calibrated graphite thermometer is ambiguous in active tectonic settings.

5

Pearce, J. V., F. Edler, A. Fateev, G. Sutton, A. Andreu, and G. Machin. "Enhancing process efficiency through improved temperature measurement: the EMPRESS projects." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2554, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2554/1/012003.

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Abstract EMPRESS 2 is a European project to enhance the efficiency of high value manufacturing processes by improving temperature measurement and control capability. This project seeks to address four contemporary thermometry challenges in this sector, and new developments from this and its predecessor project, EMPRESS, will be described: • Below 1000°C many industrial processes require reliable surface thermometry e.g. welding, coating, forging and forming. Conventional non-contact surface thermometry techniques e.g. thermal imaging are prone to large errors (tens of degrees) due to reflected thermal radiation and unknown emissivity. Contact thermometry approaches are prone to similarly large errors. Traceable imaging phosphor thermometry is being developed to overcome these difficulties, and is being combined with quantitative thermography to determine emissivity for thermometry over wide fields of view. • Above 1300°C sensor drift is a significant unaddressed issue for casting, forging and heat treatment, causing large errors. There is a need for more stable sensors and standardisation of at least one new thermocouple type to fill the gap from 1300°C to 1800°C. This is being addressed through improved Pt-Rh thermocouples and optimisation of double-walled mineral insulated, metal sheathed thermocouples by mitigating insulation breakdown and drift effects. • Combustion temperature measurement is very challenging and traceability is almost non-existent; for example, thermocouple measurements of flame temperatures can be in error by hundreds of degrees. A ‘standard flame’ that can be transported to users’ sites has been developed, and is being deployed in several high value manufacturing and industrial applications to a) demonstrate the possibility of reducing flame temperature uncertainties by at least an order of magnitude and b) for the first time to demonstrate in-situ traceability to the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90). • Many processes are not amenable to any conventional thermometry techniques due to inaccessibility, ionising radiation, electromagnetic interference, and contamination; here methods based on optical fibres are ideal but there are no traceable calibration techniques for such sensors currently available. A suite of different fibre-optic thermometers and calibration techniques is being developed to address this. In some cases (ionising radiation) darkening of the fibre is a problem, and this is being overcome by the development of novel thermometry approaches based on practical ‘hollow core’ fibres.

6

Goss, L. P., A. A. Smith, and M. E. Post. "Surface thermometry by laser‐induced fluorescence." Review of Scientific Instruments 60, no. 12 (December 1989): 3702–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140478.

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7

Liu, Siyu, Yu Huang, Yong He, Yanqun Zhu, and Zhihua Wang. "Review of Development and Comparison of Surface Thermometry Methods in Combustion Environments: Principles, Current State of the Art, and Applications." Processes 10, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 2528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10122528.

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Temperature is one of the most important parameters in the combustion processes. Accurate surface temperature can help to gain insight into the combustion characteristics of various solid or liquid fuels, as well as to evaluate the operating status of combustion power facilities such as internal combustion engines and gas turbines. This paper mainly summarizes and compares the main surface thermometry techniques, from the aspects of their principles, current state of development, and specific applications. These techniques are divided into two categories: contact-based thermometry and non-intrusive thermometry. In contact-based thermometry, conventional thermocouples as well as thin-film thermocouples are introduced. These methods have been developed for a long time and are simple and economical. However, such methods have disadvantages such as interference to flow and temperature field and poor dynamic performance. Furthermore, this paper reviews the latest non-intrusive thermometry methods, which have gained more interest in recent years, including radiation thermometry, laser-induced phosphorescence, liquid crystal thermography, the temperature-sensitive paint technique, and the temperature-indicating paint technique. Among them, we highlighted radiation thermometry, which has the widest measurement ranges and is easy to acquire results with spatial resolution, as well as laser-induced phosphorescence thermometry, which is not interfered with by the emissivity and surrounding environment, and has the advantages of fast response, high sensitivity, and small errors. Particularly, laser-induced phosphoresce has attracted a great deal of attention, as it gets rid of the influence of emissivity. In recent years, it has been widely used in the thermometry of various combustion devices and fuels. At the end of this paper, the research progress of the above-mentioned laser-induced phosphorescence and other techniques in recent years for the surface thermometry of various solid or liquid fuels is summarized, as well as applications of combustion facilities such as internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and aero engines, which reveal the great development potential of laser-induced phosphorescence technology in the field of surface thermometry.

8

Dowell, L. Jonathan. "Fluorescence Thermometry." Applied Mechanics Reviews 45, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3119756.

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The fluorescence of rare-earth-doped ceramic phosphors depends on temperature. Particularly, the fluorescence lifetime is decreased by temperature. This dependence makes the fluorescence suitable for measuring temperature. This paper describes the physics of the fluorescence of these ceramics, noting the works of Forster, Dexter, Inokuti, Hirayama, and others. Next, it outlines the several advantages of fluorescence thermometry. These advantages include (a) measurement of temperature by transfer to measurement standards for time, (b) remote sensing for surface thermometry, (c) high speed of measurement relative to many physical and mechanical phenomena, (d) narrow-spectrum optical sensing suitable for hostile electrical and luminous environments, and (e) the transfer of calibration standards for precise thermometry. The paper presents engineering considerations for realizing these advantages. It presents parameter-estimation techniques that allow measurement of the temperature-dependent fluorescence parameters. It describes instrumentation techniques that transfer the measurement of temperature to measurement of units of time, with instrument calibration by atomic standards. It also discusses other measurement and instrumentation details.

9

Johnson, Karen J., Priya Bhatia, and Edward F. Bell. "Infrared Thermometry of Newborn Infants." Pediatrics 87, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.87.1.34.

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An infrared thermometer, the FirstTemp, was tested among newborn infants by comparing tympanic membrane temperature measurements in three operating modes, "Cal-tympanic," "Cal-surface," and "Cor-tympanic," with nearly simultaneous tympanic membrane, rectal, and axillary temperature measurements using other standard methods. The FirstTemp underestimated other measurements of body temperature in the "Cal-tympanic" mode and overestimated them in the "Cor-tympanic" mode. In the "Cal-surface" mode, the First-Temp readings were significantly lower than tympanic membrane temperatures measured with a thermistor probe and electronic thermometer (mean difference 0.2°C) but not significantly different from rectal or axillary temperatures. According to these results, the FirstTemp can be used reliably in the "Cal-surface" mode but not in the "Cal-tympanic" or "Cor-tympanic" mode. Its speed and ease of operation offer significant advantages over traditional clinical methods of temperature measurement.

10

Jonsson, Patrik, and Mats Riehm. "Infrared Thermometry in Winter Road Maintenance." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 29, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 846–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-11-00071.1.

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Abstract There is significant interest among road authorities in measuring pavement conditions to perform appropriate winter road maintenance. The most common monitoring methods are based on pavement-mounted sensors. This study’s hypothesis is that the temperature distribution in a pavement can be measured by means of a nonintrusive method to retrieve the topmost pavement temperature values. By utilizing the latest infrared (IR) technology, it is possible to retrieve additional information concerning both road temperatures and road conditions. The authors discovered that surface temperature readings from IR sensors are more reliable than data retrieved from traditional surface-mounted sensors during wet, snowy, or icy road conditions. It was also possible to detect changes in the road condition by examining how the temperatures in wheel tracks and in between the wheel tracks differ from a reference dry road condition. The conclusion was that nonintrusive measurement of the road temperature is able to provide an increase in relation to the knowledge about both the road temperature and the road condition. Another conclusion was that the surface temperature should not be considered as being equal to the ground temperatures retrieved from traditional surface-mounted sensors except under conditions of dry, stable roadways.

11

HEDDLESON, RONALD A., STEPHANIE DOORES, RAMASWAMY C. ANANTHESWARAN, GERALD D. KUHN, and MORRIS G. MAST. "Survival of Salmonella Species Heated by Microwave Energy in a Liquid Menstruum Containing Food Components." Journal of Food Protection 54, no. 8 (August 1, 1991): 637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-54.8.637.

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Common food constituents were examined to determine the protective influence they may exert on a mixture of Salmonella species heated by microwave energy. A model system was developed, wherein combinations of sucrose, sodium chloride, caseinate and corn oil, all at 1.0% (w/v) concentrations, were added to 0.3 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), producing a total volume of 100 ml. Salmonella-inoculated solutions were heated for 47 sec in a 700 watt microwave oven. Temperatures at localized areas were monitored by fluorescent fiberoptic (fluoroptic) thermometry as the solutions heated, and by mercury thermometer after heating. The mean final temperature achieved for the various combinations of solutes was not significantly different and varied only by 4°C as measured by a mercury thermometer. However, solutions containing NaCl afforded the Salmonella spp. up to 170 times the protection of the phosphate buffer control. This protective effect occurred although the mean final temperature of NaCl-containing solutions would be as high as those solutions lacking salt. Fluoroptic thermometry temperature profiles revealed that surface temperatures were higher when NaCl was present in solution, due to decreased depth of penetration of the microwaves. This re-sulted in decreased temperatures at greater depths. Of the solutes evaluated, only NaCl appears to confer a significant protective effect.

12

Heyes, A. L., S. Seefeldt, and J. P. Feist. "Two-colour phosphor thermometry for surface temperature measurement." Optics & Laser Technology 38, no. 4-6 (June 2006): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2005.06.012.

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13

Kolotilkin, O. B., V. I. Boryl'ko, G. V. Zakharov, and V. P. Markov. "Thermometry of the working surface of glass molds." Glass and Ceramics 45, no. 1 (January 1988): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00700858.

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14

Karas, I., and R. Gálik. "Non-contact thermometry in the milking stopping control system." Czech Journal of Animal Science 50, No. 5 (December 10, 2011): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4148-cjas.

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The paper deals with the detection of “idle milking” times for individual quarters of the udder in a group of dairy cows (randomly selected) in a parallel 2 × 12 milking parlour. A non-contact laser thermometer Raynger ST-6 was used to measure temperatures of the inner surfaces of liners instantly after milking. In a group of 12 dairy cows, the minimum liner temperature after milking was 15.3°C, the maximum temperature was 28.9°C. It follows from the regression correlation that an increase in the cooling time by 1 second decreases the temperature of the liner inner surface by 0.0324°C. On average, fore left quarters were milked idle 2.55 min, fore right 2.21 min, rear left 0.24 min, rear right 0.56 min. Differences in the temperatures of liner inner surfaces determined between fore and rear udder quarters were statistically significant; the negative statistically significant correlation coefficient was recorded between the total milking time and the temperature of liners in fore quarters (r = –0.7802<sup>++</sup>, resp. r = –0.6058<sup>+</sup>).    

15

Wakabayashi, Takashi, Masahide Tsujishita, and Akeshi Kegasa. "Spontaneous 2-D Surface Thermometry using Temperature Sensitive Paint." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 19, Supplement1 (1999): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.19.supplement1_267.

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16

Goldblatt, David. "Cool Heads and Hot Spots: Surface Thermometry and Neurothermography." Seminars in Neurology 7, no. 04 (December 1987): 377–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1041440.

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17

Jung, Woonseop, Young Won Kim, Dongwook Yim, and Jung Yul Yoo. "Microscale surface thermometry using SU8/Rhodamine-B thin layer." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 171, no. 2 (November 2011): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2011.06.025.

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18

Gatowski, Jan A., Mark K. Smith, and Alex C. Alkidas. "An experimental investigation of surface thermometry and heat flux." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 2, no. 3 (July 1989): 280–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(89)90017-4.

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19

Rosso, Lucia, Shahin Tabandeh, Giulio Beltramino, and Vito Fernicola. "Validation of phosphor thermometry for industrial surface temperature measurements." Measurement Science and Technology 31, no. 3 (December 2, 2019): 034002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ab4b6b.

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20

Löw, Peter, Beomjoon Kim, Nobuyuki Takama, and Christian Bergaud. "High‐Spatial‐Resolution Surface‐Temperature Mapping Using Fluorescent Thermometry." Small 4, no. 7 (July 2008): 908–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.200700581.

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21

Jay, Ollie, Michel B. DuCharme, Paul Webb, Francis D. Reardon, and Glen P. Kenny. "Estimating changes in volume-weighted mean body temperature using thermometry with an individualized correction factor." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 299, no. 2 (August 2010): R387—R394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00546.2009.

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This study investigated whether the estimation error of volume-weighted mean body temperature (ΔT̄b) using changes in core and skin temperature can be accounted for using personal and environmental parameters. Whole body calorimetry was used to directly measure ΔT̄b in an Experimental group (EG) of 36 participants (24 males, 12 females) and a Validation group (VG) of 20 (9 males, 11 females) throughout 90 min of cycle ergometry at 40°C, 30% relative humidity (RH) ( n = 9 EG, 5 VG); 30°C, 30% RH ( n = 9 EG, 5 VG); 30°C, 60% RH ( n = 9 EG, 5 VG); and 24°C, 30% RH ( n = 9 EG, 5 VG). The core of the two-compartment thermometry model was represented by rectal temperature and the shell by a 12-point mean skin temperature (ΔT̄sk). The estimation error (X0) between ΔT̄b from calorimetry and ΔT̄b from thermometry using core/shell weightings of 0.66/0.34, 0.79/0.21, and 0.90/0.10 was calculated after 30, 60, and 90 min of exercise, respectively. The association between X0 and the individual variation in metabolic heat production (M − W), body surface area (BSA), body fat percentage (%fat), and body surface area-to-mass ratio (BSA/BM) as well as differences in environmental conditions (Oxford index) in the EG data were assessed using stepwise linear regression. At all time points and with all core/shell weightings tested, M − W, BSA, and Oxford index independently correlated significantly with the residual variance in X0, but %fat and BSA/BM did not. The subsequent regression models were used to predict the thermometric estimation error (X0_pred) for each individual in the VG. The value estimated for X0_pred was then added to the ΔT̄b estimated using the two-compartment thermometry models yielding an adjusted estimation (ΔT̄b_adj) for the individuals in the VG. When comparing ΔT̄b_adj to the ΔT̄b derived from calorimetry in the VG, the best performing model used a core/shell weighting of 0.66/0.34 describing 74%, 84%, and 82% of the variation observed in ΔT̄b from calorimetry after 30, 60, and 90 min, respectively.

22

Tsujishita, Masahide, Akeshi Kegasa, and Takashi Wakabayashi. "2-D Surface Thermometry in Liquid using Temperature Sensitive Paint." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 19, Supplement1 (1999): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.19.supplement1_269.

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23

Li, Longfei, Kun Yu, Feng Zhang, Yanlei Liu, Kaihua Zhang, and Yufang Liu. "High accurate multi-angular polarized spectrum thermometry for smooth surface." Infrared Physics & Technology 115 (June 2021): 103750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2021.103750.

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24

HIRASAWA, Taro, Yuichi KAMATA, and Yuji NAKAMURA. "Some Consideration of Nonintrusive Thermometry for Solid Surface near Flame." Journal of High Temperature Society 36, no. 5 (2010): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7791/jhts.36.246.

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25

Schneble, R. J., M. Kataoka, C. J. B. Ford, C. H. W. Barnes, D. Anderson, G. A. C. Jones, I. Farrer, D. A. Ritchie, and M. Pepper. "Quantum-dot thermometry of electron heating by surface acoustic waves." Applied Physics Letters 89, no. 12 (September 18, 2006): 122104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2346372.

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26

Kim, Il Tai, and Kenneth David Kihm. "Full-field and real-time surface plasmon resonance imaging thermometry." Optics Letters 32, no. 23 (November 29, 2007): 3456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.32.003456.

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27

Akino, N., T. Kunugi, K. Ichimiya, K. Mitsushiro, and M. Ueda. "Improved Liquid-Crystal Thermometry Excluding Human Color Sensation." Journal of Heat Transfer 111, no. 2 (May 1, 1989): 558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250714.

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A new liquid-crystal thermometry method is described to determine an isothermal map on a heat transfer surface coated with a cholesteric liquid-crystal layer that changes color according to temperature. This method is based on the use of a set of sharp band-pass optical filters, one of which is attached to a black-and-white video camera to take a monochromatic image having a specified color. From the image, an isothermal line was drawn with the aid of a digital image processing technique that excludes human color sensation. We obtain as many isothermal lines as band-pass filters and can determine an isothermal map. An experiment is presented as an application of the present method to measure temperature distributions on a heated surface cooled by air flow and disturbed by a short attached cylinder.

28

Zhang, Shanrong, Craig R. Malloy, and A. Dean Sherry. "MRI Thermometry Based on PARACEST Agents." Journal of the American Chemical Society 127, no. 50 (December 2005): 17572–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja053799t.

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29

Nötzold, Markus, Saba Zia Hassan, Jonas Tauch, Eric Endres, Roland Wester, and Matthias Weidemüller. "Thermometry in a Multipole Ion Trap." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 30, 2020): 5264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155264.

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We present a characterization of the ions’ translational energy distribution in a multipole ion trap. A linear mapping between the energy distribution of the trapped ions onto the ions’ time-of-flight (TOF) to a detector is demonstrated. For low ion temperatures, a deviation from linearity is observed and can be attributed to the emergence of multiple potential minima. The potential landscape of the trapped ions is modeled via the finite element method, also accounting for subtleties such as surface-charge accumulation. We demonstrate the validity of our thermometry method by simulating the energy distribution of the ion ensemble thermalized with buffer gas using a Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. A comparison between the energy distribution of trapped ions in different multipole trap configurations—i.e., with hyperbolic rods, cylindrical rods, and cylindrical wires—is provided. With these findings, one can map the temperature of the trapped ions down to the Kelvin regime using their TOF distributions. This enables future studies on sympathetic cooling and chemical reactions involving ions in multipole traps.

30

Tierney, Jessica E. "GDGT Thermometry: Lipid Tools for Reconstructing Paleotemperatures." Paleontological Society Papers 18 (November 2012): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600002588.

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Microbial communities adjust the chemical structure of their cell membranes in response to environmental temperature. This enables the development of lipid-based paleothermometers such as the glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) proxies described here. Surface-sediment calibrations establish a strong empirical relationship between the relative distribution of GDGTs and temperature. GDGT proxies can be used in marine, lacustrine, and paleosol sequences as long as the organic material is not thermally mature. Thus far, GDGT proxies have been applied to sediments dating back to the middle Jurassic. Many of the key uncertainties of these proxies are related to our emerging understanding of archaeal (and for the branched GDGTs, bacterial) ecology.

31

Sapozhnikov, V. B., V. Yu Mityakov, A. V. Mityakov, A. V. Vintsarevich, and D. V. Gerasimov. "Using Gradient Heat Flux Measurement to Experimentally Determine Local Heat Transfer Coefficient on Combustion Chamber Surface in a Diesel Engine." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 4 (127) (August 2019): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2019-4-87-96.

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We used gradient thermometry to determine local heat transfer coefficients on the fire deck surface. We studied two modes of engine operation, that is, motored and fired. We show that the heat transfer coefficient distribution over the fire deck surface is inhomogeneous. Our investigation results may be used to validate existing models of heat transfer in a combustion chamber.

32

Davis, L. J., and M. Deutsch. "Surface plasmon based thermo-optic and temperature sensor for microfluidic thermometry." Review of Scientific Instruments 81, no. 11 (November 2010): 114905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3499238.

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33

Binder, Christian, Henrik Feuk, and Mattias Richter. "Phosphor thermometry for in-cylinder surface temperature measurements in diesel engines." Journal of Luminescence 226 (October 2020): 117415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2020.117415.

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34

Bakker, Akke, Remko Zweije, Henny Petra Kok, Merel Willemijn Kolff, H. J. G. Desiree van den Bongard, Manfred Schmidt, Geertjan van Tienhoven, and Hans Crezee. "Clinical Feasibility of a High-Resolution Thermal Monitoring Sheet for Superficial Hyperthermia in Breast Cancer Patients." Cancers 12, no. 12 (December 4, 2020): 3644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123644.

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Background: Accurate monitoring of skin surface temperatures is necessary to ensure treatment quality during superficial hyperthermia. A high-resolution thermal monitoring sheet (TMS) was developed to monitor the skin surface temperature distribution. The influence of the TMS on applicator performance was investigated, feasibility and ability to reliably monitor the temperature distribution were evaluated in a clinical study. Methods: Phantom experiments were performed to determine the influence of the TMS on power deposition patterns, applicator efficiency, and heat transfer of the water bolus for 434 and 915 MHz applicators. Clinical feasibility was evaluated in 10 women with locoregional recurrent breast cancer. Skin surface temperatures during consecutive treatments were monitored alternatingly with either standard Amsterdam UMC thermometry or TMS. Treatments were compared using (generalized) linear mixed models. Results: The TMS did not significantly affect power deposition patterns and applicator efficiency (1–2%), the reduced heat transfer of the water boluses (51–56%) could be compensated by adjusting the water bolus flow. Skin surface temperatures were monitored reliably, and no alteration of thermal toxicity was observed compared to standard Amsterdam UMC thermometry. Conclusion: Clinical application of the TMS is feasible. Power deposition patterns and applicator efficiency were not affected. Surface temperatures were monitored reliably.

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SHINOZAKI, KONISHI, KAWAKAMI, KUBO, and NAKAYAMA. "3F11 Effective method of inspection for voids near surface in subway tunnel with infrared thermometry(Condition Monitoring-Infrastructure)." Proceedings of International Symposium on Seed-up and Service Technology for Railway and Maglev Systems : STECH 2015 (2015): _3F11–1_—_3F11–12_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmestech.2015._3f11-1_.

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Park, Chunghyun, Taeyeon Kim, Soojeong Oh, and Yun-Sic Bang. "Prospective comparative analysis of zero-heat-flux thermometer (SpotOn®) compared with tympanic thermometer and bladder thermometer in extremely aged patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery." Medicine 102, no. 42 (October 20, 2023): e35593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000035593.

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Thermoregulation is important for maintaining homeostasis in the body. It can be easily broken under anesthesia. An appropriate method for measuring core body temperature is needed, especially for elderly patients, because the efficiency of thermoregulation gradually decreases with age. Zero-heat-flux (ZHF) thermometry (SpotOn) is an alternative, noninvasive method for continuous temperature monitoring at the skin surface. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy and feasibility of using the SpotOn sensor in lower extremity orthopedic surgery in elderly patients aged over 80 years by comparing a SpotOn sensor with 2 other reliable minimally invasive methods: a tympanic membrane thermometer and a bladder thermometer. This study enrolled 45 patients aged over 80 years who were scheduled to undergo lower extremity surgery. Body temperature was measured using a SpotOn sensor, a tympanic membrane thermometer and a bladder thermometer. Agreements between the SpotOn sensor and the other 2 methods were assessed using Bland and Altman plots for repeated measures adjusted for unequal numbers of measurements per patient. Compared with bladder temperature, bias and limits of agreement for SpotOn temperature were 0.07°C ± 0.58°C. Compared with tympanic membrane temperature, bias and limits of agreement for SpotOn temperature were −0.28°C ± 0.61°C. The 3M SpotOn sensor using the ZHF method for patients aged over 80 years undergoing lower extremity surgery showed feasible measurement value and sensitivity.

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Liu, Chuan-Chuan, Ray-E. Chang, and Wen-Cheng Chang. "Limitations of Forehead Infrared Body Temperature Detection for Fever Screening for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 25, no. 12 (December 2004): 1109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502351.

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AbstractWe investigated alternative measurement methodology for infrared body thermometry to increase accuracy for outdoor fever screening during the 2003 SARS epidemic. Our results indicate that the auditory meatus temperature is a superior alternative compared with the forehead body surface temperature due to its close approximation to the tympanic temperature.

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Sinelnikova, O. A., R. A. Kerimov, G. T. Sinyukova, and Marina Petrovna Baranova. "ULTRA-HIGH FREQUENCY RADIOTHERMAL MAMMOGRAPHY IN NEOADJUVANT BREAST CANCER THERAPY EFFECT EVALUATION." Russian Journal of Oncology 18, no. 2 (April 15, 2013): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/onco39982.

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Ultra-high frequency radio thermal mammography permits thermal changes to be estimated both within the breast and onto its surface. Due to its simplicity, non-invasiveness and safety, decametric microwave radio-thermometry may be a promising method for diagnosing breast cancer and evaluating the efficiency of its treatment.

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Silvah, José Henrique, Cristiane Maria Mártires de Lima, Maria do Rosário Del Lama de Unamuno, Marco Antônio Alves Schetino, Luana Pereira Leite Schetino, Priscila Giácomo Fassini, Camila Fernanda Costa e. Cunha Moraes Brandão, Anibal Basile-Filho, Selma Freire Carvalho da Cunha, and Julio Sergio Marchini. "Body surface infrared thermometry in patients with central venous cateter-related infections." Einstein (São Paulo) 13, no. 3 (September 2015): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082015ao3397.

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Objective To evaluate if body surface temperature close to the central venous catheter insertion area is different when patients develop catheter-related bloodstream infections.Methods Observational cross-sectional study. Using a non-contact infrared thermometer, 3 consecutive measurements of body surface temperature were collected from 39 patients with central venous catheter on the following sites: nearby the catheter insertion area or totally implantable catheter reservoir, the equivalent contralateral region (without catheter), and forehead of the same subject.Results A total of 323 observations were collected. Respectively, both in male and female patients, disregarding the occurrence of infection, the mean temperature on the catheter area minus that on the contralateral region (mean ± standard deviation: -0.3±0.6°C versus-0.2±0.5ºC; p=0.36), and the mean temperature on the catheter area minus that on the forehead (mean ± standard deviation: -0.2±0.5°C versus-0.1±0.5ºC; p=0.3) resulted in negative values. Moreover, in infected patients, higher values were obtained on the catheter area (95%CI: 36.6-37.5ºC versus 36.3-36.5ºC; p<0.01) and by temperature subtractions: catheter area minus contralateral region (95%CI: -0.17 - +0.33ºC versus -0.33 - -0.20ºC; p=0.02) and catheter area minus forehead (95%CI: -0.02 - +0.55ºC versus-0.22 - -0.10ºC; p<0.01).Conclusion Using a non-contact infrared thermometer, patients with catheter-related bloodstream infections had higher temperature values both around catheter insertion area and in the subtraction of the temperatures on the contralateral and forehead regions from those on the catheter area.

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Cai, Tao, Jeongmin Han, Mirae Kim, and Kyung Chun Kim. "Two-dimensional lifetime-based kHz surface temperature measurement technique using phosphor thermometry." Applied Physics Letters 119, no. 24 (December 13, 2021): 244101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0068203.

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Wen, Chang-Da, and Chien-Tsai Lu. "Suitability of Multispectral Radiation Thermometry Emissivity Models for Predicting Steel Surface Temperature." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 24, no. 3 (July 2010): 662–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.47810.

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Cai, Tao, Dong Kim, Mirae Kim, Ying Zheng Liu, and Kyung Chun Kim. "Effect of surface moisture on chemically bonded phosphor for thermographic phosphor thermometry." Measurement Science and Technology 27, no. 9 (August 9, 2016): 097003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/27/9/097003.

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Pareja, Jhon, Christian Litterscheid, Bernhard Kaiser, Matthias Euler, Norman Fuhrmann, Barbara Albert, Alejandro Molina, Jürgen Ziegler, and Andreas Dreizler. "Surface thermometry in combustion diagnostics by sputtered thin films of thermographic phosphors." Applied Physics B 117, no. 1 (March 28, 2014): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-014-5803-4.

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Wang, Ran, Xinlu Zhang, Zhilin Zhang, Hujiang Zhong, Yujin Chen, Enming Zhao, Steven Vasilescu, and Lu Liu. "Modified FIR thermometry for surface temperature sensing by using high power laser." Optics Express 25, no. 2 (January 11, 2017): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.000848.

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Kontis, K., Y. Syogenji, and N. Yoshikawa. "Surface thermometry by laser-induced fluorescence of Dy³⁺:YAG." Aeronautical Journal 106, no. 1062 (August 2002): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000092253.

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AbstractA novel, non-intrusive, high spatial and temporal resolution thermal imaging system, based on the fluorescence properties of a dysprosium doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Dy3+:YAG) thermographic phosphor, has been developed. In this system, the phosphor coating on the test surface is excited by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The resulting fluorescent emission of the temperature sensitive 456nm transition and that of the temperature independent 496nm transition, are acquired using a pair of image-intensified charged coupled device cameras. The ratio of the acquired emissions is then correlated to temperature. The Dy:YAG phosphor displays temperature sensitivity in the range of 295–l,350K (with possibility up to 1,800K). Temperature measurements obtained from the surface of a disk heated by an impinging jet, demonstrate the feasibility of this technique for general heat transfer studies involving significant unsteadiness and transient phenomena.

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Liu, Yuying, and Xinxin Zhang. "Influence of participating media on the radiation thermometry for surface temperature measurement." Journal of Thermal Science 14, no. 4 (December 2005): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11630-005-0060-9.

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Chaudhary, A., A. Coppalle, G. Godard, P. Xavier, and B. Vieille. "Phosphor thermometry for surface temperature measurements of composite materials during fire test." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 211 (September 2023): 124215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.124215.

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Qureshi, Shahzad Ahmad, Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao, Lal Hussain, Haroon Aman, Trong-Nghia Le, and Muhammad Rafique. "Recent Development of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds for Optical Biosensing and Disease Diagnosis." Biosensors 12, no. 12 (December 19, 2022): 1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12121181.

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The ability to precisely monitor the intracellular temperature directly contributes to the essential understanding of biological metabolism, intracellular signaling, thermogenesis, and respiration. The intracellular heat generation and its measurement can also assist in the prediction of the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. However, intracellular thermometry without altering the biochemical reactions and cellular membrane damage is challenging, requiring appropriately biocompatible, nontoxic, and efficient biosensors. Bright, photostable, and functionalized fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have emerged as excellent probes for intracellular thermometry and magnetometry with the spatial resolution on a nanometer scale. The temperature and magnetic field-dependent luminescence of naturally occurring defects in diamonds are key to high-sensitivity biosensing applications. Alterations in the surface chemistry of FNDs and conjugation with polymer, metallic, and magnetic nanoparticles have opened vast possibilities for drug delivery, diagnosis, nanomedicine, and magnetic hyperthermia. This study covers some recently reported research focusing on intracellular thermometry, magnetic sensing, and emerging applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in biomedical imaging. We extend the application of FNDs as biosensors toward disease diagnosis by using intracellular, stationary, and time-dependent information. Furthermore, the potential of machine learning (ML) and AI algorithms for developing biosensors can revolutionize any future outbreak.

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McCulloch, Malcolm T., Amos Winter, Clark E. Sherman, and Julie A. Trotter. "300 years of sclerosponge thermometry shows global warming has exceeded 1.5 °C." Nature Climate Change 14, no. 2 (February 2024): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01919-7.

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AbstractAnthropogenic emissions drive global-scale warming yet the temperature increase relative to pre-industrial levels is uncertain. Using 300 years of ocean mixed-layer temperature records preserved in sclerosponge carbonate skeletons, we demonstrate that industrial-era warming began in the mid-1860s, more than 80 years earlier than instrumental sea surface temperature records. The Sr/Ca palaeothermometer was calibrated against ‘modern’ (post-1963) highly correlated (R2 = 0.91) instrumental records of global sea surface temperatures, with the pre-industrial defined by nearly constant (<±0.1 °C) temperatures from 1700 to the early 1860s. Increasing ocean and land-air temperatures overlap until the late twentieth century, when the land began warming at nearly twice the rate of the surface oceans. Hotter land temperatures, together with the earlier onset of industrial-era warming, indicate that global warming was already 1.7 ± 0.1 °C above pre-industrial levels by 2020. Our result is 0.5 °C higher than IPCC estimates, with 2 °C global warming projected by the late 2020s, nearly two decades earlier than expected.

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Moreau, M., T. Corrège, E. P. Dassié, and F. Le Cornec. "Evidence for the non-influence of salinity variability on the coral Sr/Ca paleothermometer." Climate of the Past Discussions 10, no. 2 (April 14, 2014): 1783–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-10-1783-2014.

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Abstract. The influence of salinity in the incorporation of trace elements in the skeleton of calcareous organisms is still poorly known. Studies on foraminiferal Mg/Ca thermometry have suggested a bias due to Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) variations, leading to potential erroneous estimation of Mg/Ca-based Sea Surface Temperature (SST). Culture experiments seem to indicate that in three coral species (not including the widely used Porites genus), salinity does not influence the Sr/Ca thermometer. In this study, we test the salinity effect on coral Sr/Ca-based SST reconstructions at monthly and interannual timescales in open-ocean environmental conditions, using a large spatial compilation of published coral data (mainly based on the Porites genus) originating from the Western Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the China Sea and the Red Sea and adding a new Eastern Pacific coral Sr/Ca record from the Clipperton atoll. We use simple and multiple regressions between Sr/Ca on one hand and SST and SSS on the other hand at the various sites. We find no evidence for a salinity bias on the Sr/Ca SST proxy for the two studied timescales. This study reinforces the use of coral Sr/Ca as a reliable paleothermometer.