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Academic literature on the topic 'Surface sites'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Surface sites"

1

Smirnova, O. S., A. G. Grebenyuk, and V. V. Lobanov. "Titanium dioxide defect structures as catalytic sites." Surface 9(24) (December 30, 2017): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2017.09.044.

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Filonenko, О. V., E. M. Demianenko, and V. V. Lobanov. "Quantum chemical modeling of orthophosphoric acid adsorption sites on hydrated anatase surface." Surface 12(27) (December 30, 2020): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2020.12.020.

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Quantum chemical modeling of orthophosphoric acid adsorption sites on the hydrated surface of anatase was performed by the method of density functional theory (exchange-correlation functional PBE0, basis set 6-31 G(d,p)). The influence of the aqueous medium was taken into account within the framework of the continual solvent model. The work uses a cluster approach. The anatase surface is simulated by a neutral Ti(OH)4(H2O)2 cluster. The results of analysis of the geometry and energy characteristics of all the calculated complexes show that the highest interaction energy is inherent to the intermolecular complex of orthophosphoric acid and hydrated surface of anatase, where the oxygen atom of the phosphoryl group (О=Р≡) forms a hydrogen bond with a hydrogen atom of the coordinated water molecule of Ti(OH)4(H2O)2 cluster and two hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl groups of the orthophosphoric acid molecule form two hydrogen bonds with two oxygen atoms of the titanol groups. The formation energy effect of this complex is -134.0 kJ/mol. The formation energy effect of the complex with separated charges by the proton transfer from the molecule H3PO4 to the Ti(OH)4(H2O)2 cluster with the formation of dihydrogen phosphate anion and the protonated form of the titanol group (º) is -131.1 kJ/mol, so indicating less thermodynamic probability of such intermolecular interaction. The smallest thermodynamic probability (-123.9 kJ/mol) of complexation between orthophosphoric acid and hydrated anatase surface where a water molecule moves from the coordination sphere of the titanium atom. The calculation results indicate a possible adsorption of the H3PO4 molecule in an aqueous solution on the hydrated anatase surface. Taking into account the effect of the solvent within the polarization continuum insignificantly changes the adsorption energy, which is -44.5 kJ/mol; for vacuum conditions this value is -49.0 kJ/mol.

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DEO, G. "Surface oxide-support interaction (SOSI) for surface redox sites." Journal of Catalysis 129, no. 1 (May 1991): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9517(91)90036-4.

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SHRESTHA, NRIPENDRA L., YOUHEI KAWAGUCHI, and TAKENAO OHKAWA. "SUMOMO: A PROTEIN SURFACE MOTIF MINING MODULE." International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications 04, no. 04 (December 2004): 431–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1469026804001392.

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Protein surface motifs, which can be defined as commonly appearing patterns of shape and physical properties in protein molecular surfaces, can be considered "possible active sites". We have developed a system for mining surface motifs: SUMOMO which consists of two phases: surface motif extraction and surface motif filtering. In the extraction phase, a given set of protein molecular surface data is divided into small surfaces called unit surfaces. After extracting several common unit surfaces as candidate motifs, they are repetitively merged into surface motifs. However, a large amount of surface motifs is extracted in this phase, making it difficult to distinguish whether the extracted motifs are significant to be considered active sites. Since active sites from proteins with a particular function have similar shape and physical properties, proteins can be classified based on similarity among local surfaces. Thus, in the filtering phase, local surfaces extracted from proteins of the same group are considered significant motifs, and the rest are filtered out. The proposed method was applied to discover surface motifs from 15 proteins belonging to four function groups. Motifs corresponding to all 4 known functional sites were recognised.

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Carl, Nejc, Janez Konc, and Dušanka Janežič. "Protein Surface Conservation in Binding Sites." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 48, no. 6 (May 14, 2008): 1279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci8000315.

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Woods, I. T., and B. S. Haynes. "Soot surface growth at active sites." Combustion and Flame 85, no. 3-4 (June 1991): 523–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(91)90156-6.

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Vurdu, Can Doğan. "The Adsorption and Diffusion Manners of Hydrogen Atoms on Pt (100), Pt (110), and Pt (111) Surfaces." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2018 (September 10, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4186968.

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In this study, the interactions between H atoms and the (100), (110), and (111) surfaces of platinum have been investigated by using the London-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato (LEPS) potential function. The adsorption zones (sites) and LEPS energy values of these sites have been determined theoretically. In addition, the potential-energy surfaces for each Pt surface have been obtained in detail. Further, the adsorption sites on the surface, scattering from the surface, diffusion paths on the surface, and transition regions to the subsurface, have been determined and the differences have been examined in detail among the surfaces. From these results, it is found that an H atom has the lowest binding energy at the hollow sites on the Pt (100) and Pt (111) surfaces and that it has the lowest binding energy at the long-bridge sites on the Pt (110) surface. It has also been determined that the hollow sites on the three surfaces are the regions through which H atoms can penetrate into the subsurface. In addition, it has also been found that, for each of the three Pt surfaces, the diffusion of an H atom across the surface may follow a bridge-hollow-bridge pathway. These results are in agreement with previous experimental and theoretical results. Besides, the adsorption and diffusion manners of hydrogen atoms on each of the Pt surfaces have been analyzed deeply.

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Tokarz-Sobieraj, Renata, and Malgorzata Witko. "Electronic Properties of the Active Sites Present at the (011) Surface of MoO2." Adsorption Science & Technology 25, no. 8 (October 2007): 583–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0263-6174.25.8.583.

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The DFT method was used to describe the electronic structure of the catalytically interesting (011) surface of molybdenum dioxide, with attention being particularly focused on the properties of the active sites, both molybdenum and oxygen, present at this surface. In addition, a comparison of (011)MoO2 and (100)MoO3 surfaces was undertaken since both surfaces contain not only differently coordinated oxygen sites but also the bare molybdenum centres. The electronic structures of both surfaces were obtained using the cluster method and DFT approach. The local properties of the different surface sites exposed at the (011)MoO2 surface, viz. five- and six-fold coordinated Mo atoms and nucleophilic O sites with different coordination numbers, have been discussed using charge densities, bond-order indices and molecular orbital diagrams.

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Kosmulski, Marek. "The Surface Charging at Low Density of Protonatable Surface Sites." Langmuir 21, no. 16 (August 2005): 7421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la051019o.

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Bapeer, Suzan B., and Dalshad A. Darwesh. "IMPACTS OF OPEN DUMPSITE LEACHATE ON SOIL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY IN KANI-QRZHALA OPEN DUMPSITE – ERBIL CITY." Science Journal of University of Zakho 11, no. 2 (May 28, 2023): 232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25271/sjuoz.2023.11.2.1059.

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The study was carried out to assess the effect of open dump site leachate on soil enzymes activity. Soil samples were collected in Kani-Qrzhala open dump site in Erbil city in four sites (Site1, Site2, Site3 and Site4) for different depths; surface ,30cm,60cm and 90 cm following the edge drainage pathway of leachate. The results of dehydrogenase, urease and catalase show a significant variation at significant levels (P⩽0.01) and (P⩽0.05) respectively. The highest rates of dehydrogenase, urease and catalase (77.69 µg TPF.g-1, 454.50 µg N.g-1, and 1.927µg H2O2.g-1), were recorded at surface point in all sites, while the lowest rates of all enzymes were recorded at 90 cm respectively, this is indicating that the soil depth adversely affected enzymes activity. Using oak tree wood and walnut shell biochar by 10% as a treatment to polluted soil, significantly increased enzymes activity. Walnut shell biochar was more suitable than oak tree wood biochar to catalase and urease activity, where urease was increased by 133.61% and catalase by 63.40%, while dehydrogenase activity was increased by 95.07% after using oak tree wood biochar which was more suitable than walnut shell biochar. This was related to the feedstock and technology production of biochar that affected on biochar structure and activity, however in this study, biochar application generally had a positive effect on enzymes activity and soil depth had an adverse effect.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Surface sites"

1

Hacquart, Romain. "Sites de surface des fumées d'oxyde de magnésium." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066568.

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Chu, Sterling B. (Sterling Ben). "Steric and kinetic measurements at well-defined surface sites." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118215.

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Thesis: Ph. D. in Inorganic Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Extended sp² carbon materials display a wide variety of oxidic moieties on edge sites that can be selectively targeted for functionalization. Monarch 1300 (Cabot Corporation) is a carbon black consisting of 10 nm graphitic particles terminated by oxidic sites. This thesis aims to explore new avenues of research enabled by the covalent nature of linkages to graphitic nanocarbons. Covalent linkages to this surface allow for the decoupling of individual ligand properties from surface-solution ligand dynamics, a phenomenon on semiconductor and metal nanoparticles that inhibits the rational study of ligand effects on those materials. The covalent linkage to carbon is exploited in two different ways. When the ligand of interest is directly bound to carbon, its length and steric profile can be modulated without affecting the surface packing density. This enables isolation of ligand steric profile as a single contributing factor in the overall steric inhibition of the nanocatalyst. When the ligand of interest is bound to a conjugated organometallic complex, the complex is anchored, but the ligand is free to exchange. This allows for study of ligand exchange kinetics without the convoluting factors of surface migration or co-dissociation of surface metal atoms. The appendix contains two chapters with applications of carbon functionalization and a chapter on protection of 1,2-diamines. The first chapter demonstrates passivation of inner-sphere ET processes on glassy carbon via deposition of a fluorinated aryl film onto the electrode. At sufficiently thin deposition layers, outer-sphere ET rates are preserved. The second chapter describes condensation of crown ethers onto the electrode surface to serve as ionophores for aqueous metal ion detection. Binding of metal ions into the crown ether shifts the redox potential of the pyrazine linkage to the carbon electrode, and the concentration of metal ion can be quantified electrochemically. The third chapter explores various protection and deprotection strategies for 1,2-diamines, a moiety crucial for precursors to pyrazine-linked GCC materials.
by Sterling B. Chu.
Ph. D. in Inorganic Chemistry

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Mo, Young Keun. "Surfactant proteins in extra pulmonary sites /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19083.pdf.

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Berruyer, Pierrick. "Three-Dimensional Structure Determination of Surface Sites with Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN042/document.

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La capacité à déterminer les structures moléculaires en trois dimensions à partir de monocristaux par des méthodes de diffraction a transformé la chimie des matériaux. Le problème de la détermination de structure est en grande partie non résolu, en particulier si le système étudié est situé à une surface et n'a pas de périodicité, comme dans la plupart des matériaux fonctionnels actuels. La Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire (RMN) à l’état solide serait une méthode de choix pour caractériser les surfaces mais la limite de détection de la RMN est beaucoup trop faible pour permettre à la RMN de caractériser les surfaces. L’introduction récente d’une nouvelle approche utilisant la Polarisation Dynamique Nucléaire (DNP) pour améliorer la sensibilité de la RMN des surfaces (DNP SENS) permet à présent de réaliser des expériences qui étaient totalement impossible il y a quelques années encore. Plus particulièrement, grâce à la méthode DNP SENS, les présents travaux de thèse aboutissent à la première structure tridimensionnelle d’un complexe organométallique supporté sur silice, avec une précision de 0,7 Å. De nombreux aspects de l’expérience DNP SENS ont été exploré. Le transport de de l’hyperpolarisation par diffusion de spin est primordial et un modèle numérique dans les matériaux mésoporeux a été développé. De plus, une nouvelle matrice aqueuse se basant sur des gels polyacrylamides a été mise au point et utilisée pour la caractérisation par RMN de nanoparticules permettant ainsi d’étendre les domaines d’application de DNP SENS. Enfin les premières expériences RMN DNP combinant hauts champs magnétiques et haute fréquence de rotation d’échantillon sont présentées
The ability to understand the properties of chemical systems relies on their detailed description at the molecular level. Over the last century, several methods based on X-ray diffraction have allowed a structure-based understanding of many materials. However, several key questions often remain unanswered. In particular when the system under investigation is located on a surface. Although an extensive range of surface-sensitive methods are available for surface science and give valuable information, they only lead to a partial understanding of surfaces at the molecular level. Moreover, these methods are not compatible with all kinds of materials and usually require the use of a model and pristine surface. Solid-State NMR would be a method of choice to characterize surfaces. However, the approach suffers from its intrinsically low sensitivity and this is strongly emphasize in the case of surfaces where the atoms of interest are diluted in the matrix. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) applied to surfaces (SENS) recently emerged as a very promising method to characterize surface sites. It offers a dramatic enhancement of NMR sensitivity and DNP applied to materials has led to many examples in the last ten years. In the present thesis, I have shown that DNP SENS, in combination with EXAFS, allowed the detailed 3D structure determination of the silica-supported organometallic complex determined with a precision of 0.7 angstroms. In parallel, some experimental aspect of DNP SENS have been explored. A spin diffusion has been developed to understand diffusion of hyperpolarization in porous media. A new aqueous DNP matrix, coined DNP Jelly, has been developed to characterize nanoparticles and thus expanding experimental range of DNP SENS. Finally, the first experiment of DNP NMR at fast magic angle spinning (up to 40 kHz) and high field are reported

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Sheader, Karen. "The architecture and control of variant surface glycoprotein gene expression sites." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403985.

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CRAWFORD, AARON. "sites for sight: Another projection for the surface of contemporary architecture." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1053376672.

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Fahringer, Peter E. "Geophysical investigations of near-surface mine sites in northern West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1087.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 130 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-130).

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Crawford, Aaron. "Sites for sight another projection for the surface of contemporary architecture /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1053376672.

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Foster, C. L. "Thermodynamics of adsorption at the kaolinite/solution interface." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376483.

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Mestre, Manuel. "Détermination d'intervalles de confiance par prédiction et optimisation de la position des sites de mesure en métrologie dimensionnelle des surfaces fabriquées." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DENS0012.

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La métrologie dimensionnelle des surfaces fabriquées calcule le défaut de forme a partir d'échantillons de points mesures, ignorant le comportement de la surface en tous les autres points. Pour remédier à cela, cette thèse applique aux surfaces les méthodes classiques de prédiction linéaire d'un signal aléatoire à incréments gaussiens, stationnaires, ergodiques. Lorsque la surface se conforme à ces hypothèses, la prédiction est très satisfaisante. Dans le cas contraire, la prédiction présente diverses pathologies qu'il est possible de traiter par des méthodes corrigées. Toutes les surfaces peuvent alors être prédites de façon satisfaisante. Cette thèse étudie expérimentalement les propriétés statistiques et spectrales des surfaces fabriquées industrielles, en vue de la prédiction. D'autre part, les critères classiques d'optimisation de la position des sites de mesure, maximisant l'information apportée par un échantillon, donnent de bons résultats

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Books on the topic "Surface sites"

1

Christopher, Garcia K., ed. Cell surface receptors. San Diego: Academic Press, 2004.

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Mudroch, Alena, Ulrich Stottmeister, Christopher Kennedy, and Helmut Klapper, eds. Remediation of Abandoned Surface Coal Mining Sites. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04734-7.

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Alena, Mudroch, ed. Remediation of abandoned surface coal mining sites. Berlin: Springer, 2002.

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1928-, Moore H. J., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Physical properties of the surface materials at the Viking landing sites on Mars. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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Wing, N. Richard. Permanent isolation surface barrier: Functional performance. Richland, Wash: Westinghouse Hanford Company, 1993.

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Wing, N. Richard. Permanent isolation surface barrier development plan. Richland, Wash: Westinghouse Hanford Company, 1994.

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Johnson, Richard L. Surface soil structure on reclaimed well sites: Final report. [Edmonton]: Alberta Environment, 2004.

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Haas, R. C. G. Roughness trends at C-SHRP LTPP sites. Ottawa: Canadian Strategic Highway Research Program, Transportation Association of Canada, 1999.

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C, Sims R., Matthews John E. 1937-, and Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, eds. Bioremediation of contaminated surface soils. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, 1989.

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C, Sims R., Matthews John E. 1937-, and Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory., eds. Bioremediation of contaminated surface soils. Ada, OK: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Surface sites"

1

Kotrba, Pavel, Lubomír Rulíšek, and Tomas Ruml. "Bacterial Surface Display Surface display of Metal-Binding Sites." In Microbial Biosorption of Metals, 249–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0443-5_11.

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Costa, A. C. A. "Chemical Interactions Between Mercurial Species and Surface Biomolecules from Structural Components of Some Biological Systems." In Mercury Contaminated Sites, 159–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03754-6_8.

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Ebinghaus, R., R. M. Tripathi, D. Wallschläger, and S. E. Lindberg. "Natural and Anthropogenic Mercury Sources and Their Impact on the Air-Surface Exchange of Mercury on Regional and Global Scales." In Mercury Contaminated Sites, 3–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03754-6_1.

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Myers, Matthew, Cameron White, Alf Larcher, and Bobby Pejcic. "Surface Monitoring Strategies at CO2 Storage Sites." In Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics Volume 3, 138–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2227-3_17.

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Günther, K. "Surface Coverings for Tips and Contaminated Sites." In Contaminated Soil ’88, 561–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2807-7_91.

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Kennedy, Christopher. "Alternatives for the Reclamation of Surface Mined Lands." In Remediation of Abandoned Surface Coal Mining Sites, 37–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04734-7_3.

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Mattson, Eric C., and Yves J. Chabal. "Adsorption Sites, Bonding Configurations, Reactions and Mass Transport Surface." In Springer Handbook of Surface Science, 853–902. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46906-1_26.

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Stottmeister, Ulrich, and Alena Mudroch. "Introduction." In Remediation of Abandoned Surface Coal Mining Sites, 1–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04734-7_1.

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Stottmeister, Ulrich, Alena Mudroch, Christopher Kennedy, Zdena Matiova, Jacek Sanecki, and Ivan Svoboda. "Reclamation and Regeneration of Landscapes after Brown Coal Opencast Mining in Six Different Countries." In Remediation of Abandoned Surface Coal Mining Sites, 4–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04734-7_2.

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Klapper, Helmut. "Mining Lakes: Generation, Loading and Water Quality Control." In Remediation of Abandoned Surface Coal Mining Sites, 57–110. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04734-7_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Surface sites"

1

Itkis, S. E. "Study of Industrial Disturbances Affecting Magnetic Prospecting Data in Archaeological Sites." In Near Surface Geoscience 2013. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20131358.

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Bazin, S., A. Köhler, G. Sauvin, J. Park, J. Johansson, and S. Senna. "Site characterization with ambient seismic noise at the Norwegian Geo Test Sites." In EAGE-GSM 2nd Asia Pacific Meeting on Near Surface Geoscience and Engineering. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201900379.

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Nazarian, S., K. H. Stokoe, J. C. Sheu, and C. R. Wilson. "Near‐surface profiling of geotechnical sites by surface‐wave method." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1986. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1893189.

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Drahor, M. G., G. Gokturkler, M. A. Berge, and T. O. Kurtulmus. "Geophysical Studies in Two Landslide Sites in Turkey." In Near Surface 2005 - 11th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.13.b008.

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Bilgili, F., C. Müller, W. Rabbel, and H. Stümpel. "Variogram-Analysis in Geomagnetic Prospection of Archaeological Sites." In Near Surface 2004 - 10th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.10.p034.

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Drake, J. M. "Photophysical Studies of DAQ on Silica and Aluminum Oxides. A Molecular Probe of Surface Heterogeneity." In Microphysics of Surfaces, Beams, and Adsorbates. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/msba.1985.mc5.

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The optical features of organic molecules adsorbed to the surface of oxides, such as silica and alumina, can be strongly perturbed by the chemical properties of the surface adsorption sites. The topography of the surface as it relates to the fractal dimension and its relation to the nature and distribution of surface sites is important information if we are to be able to understand the photophysics and photochemistry of surface bound molecules. The work we report here is for the molecule 1,4 dihydroxyanthraquinone (DAQ, Quinizarin). This molecule provides striking evidence of how the surface of silica gel modifies the optical features of DAQ in different ways depending on the nature of the surface adsorption site.

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De Ferrari, R., S. Barani, G. Ferretti, M. Pavan, and D. Spallarossa. "Analysis of Site Amplification Effects at Four Installation Sites of the National Accelerometric Network (RAN) in Italy." In Near Surface Geoscience 2015 - 21st European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201413740.

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Avouris, Phaedon, and Robert Wolkow. "Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy Studies of Silicon Surface Chemistry." In Microphysics of Surfaces, Beams, and Adsorbates. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/msba.1989.wd3.

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Conventional techniques for the study of surface electronic structure provide information averaged over a macroscopic area of the sample and do not allow direct association of particular electronic features to specific surface sites. The microscopic understanding of surface chemistry, however, requires such an association since chemistry is a localized phenomenon. We will show that STM provides the unique ability to probe surface chemistry at the atomic level. Reactions of Si (111)-(7x7) will be used as prototypes. Using energy-resolved topographs and atom-resolved scanning tunneling spectra (AR-STS) we can follow the spatial distribution of the reactions among the different dangling-bond sites of the 7x7 surface, probe the electronic structure of these sites, and observe the electronic structure changes induced by the reaction. We find that reaction with NH3 preserves the 7x7 reconstruction but that there is significant selectivity among surface sites. Rest-atom sites are more reactive than ad-atom sites, and center-adatom sites are more reactive than corner-adatom sites. AR-STS reveals rest-atom ↔ adatom interactions at the clean surface which are eliminated by the reaction at rest-atom sites. We will discuss and interpret the observed reactivity differences in terms of silicon hypervalency and reaction-induced lattice strain. Reactions with other gases such as Si2H6 proceed in a similar manner. The reaction with evaporated CaF2 molecules eliminates the 7x7 reconstruction and several different sub-monolayer structures are formed depending on the deposition conditions. We will discuss the topography and bonding in these structures, and the role of steps and other defects in their nucleation. Finally, contrary to the general belief that insulating materials cannot be imaged by the STM we will show that by an appropriate choice of biasing conditions, multilayer insulating CaF2 films can be imaged by the STM. Mechanisms by which insulators can be imaged will be discussed.

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9

Kuzma-Kichta, Yu A., A. Lavrikov, S. Afonin, and M. Shustov. "Boiling Investigation on a Surface With Artificial and Natural Nucleons Sites." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62212.

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The water and Na2SO4 water solution boiling investigation had been carried in pool on the surfaces with artificial and natural nucleons sites under different pressures using high speed digital camera. The boiling of water was investigated at atmosphere pressure on a surface with a artificial nucleons site, which had a micro scale (cavity’s diameters – 100 and 200 μm and depth – 80 μm), in the Fridrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nu¨rnberg, Germany in the Institute of Fluid Mechanics. The boiling of water and Na2SO4 water solution with concentration 20 g/l was investigated on a surface with natural nucleons sites in the pressure range 0.1 – 1 MPa in the Moscow Power-Engineering Institute (Technical University) on department of Thermal Physics. The “hand” video processing was used for the study’s results in case of the pool boiling on a surface with a artificial nucleon site. The data processing was realized for the study’s results using with a program “Bubble Detector”, which was specially developed for case of the pool boiling on a surface with the natural nucleon sites, and the “hand” processing was carried for video, which showed the reliability of the program “Bubble Detector”. First the distributions and dependences of basic boiling characteristics (frequency, departure diameter) were obtained at water pool boiling on a surface with a artificial cavity in the range of heat flux from 20 to 128 kW/m2 and the time dependence of vapor bubble’s grow. It was obtained, that departure diameters of vapor bubbles do not depend in case of boiling on a surface with a single cavity practically on heat flux. First the distributions and dependences of swimming velocities and equivalent diameters were obtained at water and Na2SO4 water solution with concentration 20 g/l pool boiling on a surface with natural nucleon sites in range of pressures from 0.1 to 1 MPa. The comparison of diameters’ and swimming velocities’ distributions of vapor bubbles was carried for under consideration conditions.

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Nyari, Z., and B. Neducza. "Characterization of Contaminated Sites by Resistivity and IP Methods." In Near Surface 2007 - 13th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20146580.

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Reports on the topic "Surface sites"

1

Leland Timothy Long. Seismic Surface-Wave Tomography of Waste Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/806810.

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Long, Leland T. Seismic Surface-Wave Tomography of Waste Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/834607.

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MacDonald, Anne. Surface Erosion and Disturbance at Archeological Sites: Implications for Site Preservation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada219619.

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Dwight, D. W., T. B. Lloyd, F. L. Jr Riddle, and D. A. Cole. Chemical characterization of the surface sites of coal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6025674.

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Fowkes, F. M., and D. A. Cole. Chemical characterization of the surface sites of coal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6166077.

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Fowkes, F. M., F. L. Jr Riddle, and D. A. Cole. Chemical characterization of the surface sites of coal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6566231.

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Fowkes, F. M., K. Kardos, F. L. Jr Riddle, and D. A. Cole. Chemical characterization of the surface sites of coal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6581243.

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8

Fowkes, F. M., T. B. Lloyd, and D. A. Cole. Chemical characterization of the surface sites of coal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6646348.

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9

Long, Timothy L. Seismic Surface-Wave Tomography of Waste Sites - Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781156.

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10

King. L52120 Long-Term Environmental Monitoring of Near-Neutral and High-pH SCC Sites. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011228.

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The aims of this project were (i) to monitor the seasonal variation of environmental conditions at stress corrosion cracking (SCC) sites and (ii) to develop an improved site-selection model for SCC. Environmental and other relevant data have been collected for a total of nine known, or suspected, SCC sites; seven near-neutral pH SCC and two high-pH SCC.� The presence of SCC was determined, or predicted, based on in-service or hydrotest failures, excavation, industry soils model, or ILI.� Pipe-depth environmental conditions were monitored continuously for periods of up to 2 years using the permanent NOVAProbe, which is capable of measuring the local redox potential, soil resistivity, pH and temperature close to the pipe surface.� Corrosion coupons were also installed at some sites to monitor the CP conditions and native potential.� In addition, various other information was collected for each site, including pipe information; soil, groundwater, coating, and corrosion product samples; topography and land use; precipitation data; soil gas samples; SCADA pressure data; corrosion and SCC ILI information; CIS data; gas temperature (for high-pH SCC sites); and information about the nature of the SCC.� All sites studied were on gas transmission pipelines in Canada.

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