Journal articles: 'Surface roughness'

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Bennett, Jean M. "Surface Roughness and Scattering." Proceedings of The Manufacturing & Machine Tool Conference 2004.5 (2004): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemmt.2004.5.15.

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Brook, Michael A., Shigui Zhao, Lihua Liu, and Yang Chen. "Surface etching of silicone elastomers by depolymerization." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 90, no. 1 (January 2012): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v11-145.

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Silicone elastomer surfaces that are rough at the nanometer to micron scales could be useful for biomaterials, but there are few efficient routes for their preparation. Silicones undergo depolymerization under equilibrating conditions. We demonstrate that surface roughness can be induced by depolymerizing silicone elastomers using triflic acid, tetrabutylammonium fluoride or KOH as catalysts. The efficiency of depolymerization, however, is decoupled from the roughness that develops. When the catalysts are dissolved in solvents that do not effectively swell silicones, the etching reaction can be mostly directed to the elastomer surface. Acid catalysis leads to slow, nearly homogenous surface erosion with surface roughnesses only increasing from 15 to about 125 nm root mean squared roughness. By contrast, once KOH partitions into the elastomer, the rate of erosion is more efficient than return of the catalyst to the solvent, leading to deep channels and roughnesses of up to ∼850 nm. The use of fluoride requires good solvents for silicone, and leads to surfaces of intermediate roughness. Thus, judicious choice of catalyst and solvent permits independent control over depolymerization and the induction of surface roughness.

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Mosleh, Mohsen, Keron Bradshaw, Sonya Smith, John Belk, and Khosro Shirvani. "Roughness Effect in Micropitting and Rolling Contact Fatigue of Silicon Nitride." Ceramics 2, no. 1 (February 18, 2019): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ceramics2010013.

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An experimental analysis of the role of surface roughness parameters on micropitting and the succeeding rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of silicon nitride against AISI 52100 steel under lubricated conditions was performed. In accelerated fatigue tests using a four-ball tester, the arithmetic mean, root mean square, and peak-to-valley roughnesses of silicon nitride surfaces varied, while the roughness of the steel surface was unchanged. The correlation between the fatigue life and roughness parameters for silicon nitride was obtained. The peak-to-valley roughness was the roughness parameter that dominantly affected the RCF life of silicon nitride. The micropitting of surfaces leading to fatigue intensified as the roughness was increased. Extensive micropitting was observed on the rolling track beyond the trailing edge of the spall region in the circumferential direction.

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Bou-Zeid, Elie, Marc B. Parlange, and Charles Meneveau. "On the Parameterization of Surface Roughness at Regional Scales." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3826.1.

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Abstract A parameterization for surface roughness and blending height at regional scales, under neutral atmospheric stability, is studied and tested. The analysis is based on a suite of large-eddy simulations (LES) over surfaces with varying roughness height and multiple variability scales. The LES are based on the scale-dependent Lagrangian dynamic subgrid-scale model, and the surface roughnesses at the ground are imposed using the rough-wall logarithmic law. Several patterns of roughness distribution are considered, including random tiling of patches with a wide distribution of length scales. An integral length scale, based on the one-dimensional structure function of the spatially variable roughness height, is used to define the characteristic surface variability scale, which is a critical input in many regional parameterization schemes. Properties of the simulated flow are discussed with special emphasis on the turbulence properties over patches of unequal roughness. The simulations are then used to assess a generalized form of the parameterization for the blending height and the equivalent surface roughness at regional scales that has been developed earlier for regular patterns of surface roughness (regular stripes). The results are also compared with other parameterizations proposed in the literature. Good agreement is found between the simulations and the regional-scale parameterization for the surface roughness and the blending height when this parameterization is combined with the characteristic surface variability scale proposed in this paper.

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Cheng, Gong, Jianzuo Ma, Junyang Li, Kang Sun, Kang Wang, and Yun Wang. "Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of Gears Considering Surface Topography in a Mixed Lubrication State." Lubricants 12, no. 1 (December 27, 2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12010007.

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Based on mixed lubrication analysis, considering the influence of rough interface contact stiffness, contact damping, and interface friction on the gear transmission system, the relationship between interface contact and the overall performance of the gear transmission system has been established. First, the surface topography is characterized using statistical parameters of rough surfaces, and the contact stiffness and damping for tooth surfaces with different roughnesses are calculated. Subsequently, a six degree of freedom gear tribo-dynamics coupling model is developed. Finally, the established tribo-dynamics model is employed to investigate the relationship between surface roughness and the overall performance of the gear transmission system. This study provides a more intimate connection between the contact interface and the general behavior of the gear transmission system, enabling a better representation of real-world engineering problems. The research findings reveal that contact stiffness and damping decrease with increasing surface roughness. Higher roughness leads to greater gear vibration amplitude. Moreover, elevated surface roughness results in intensified meshing force and more significant energy loss. Surprisingly, when the roughness is appropriate, gears with rough surfaces lose less energy than those with smooth surfaces.

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Al-Ghamdi, Khalid A., and G. Hussain. "On the Free-Surface Roughness in Incremental Forming of a Sheet Metal: A Study from the Perspective of ISF Strain, Surface Morphology, Post-Forming Properties, and Process Conditions." Metals 9, no. 5 (May 12, 2019): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9050553.

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Due to absence of any supporting die, the free surfaces in incremental sheet forming (ISF) experience uneven deformation. This results in rough surfaces, possibly leading to the reduced service life of components. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and quantify the effects of the application of strain on the free-surface roughness. Moreover, in order to control roughness, both on the free surface and the opposite contact surface, the nature of correlation between the two types of roughnesses needs to be identified by classifying the significance of different process conditions. The present work is a fundamental study to address these points. A series of specimens are produced by subjecting a metallic sheet to a range of ISF strains (13% to 98%). These specimens are then subjected to a number of characterization tests, namely roughness, uniaxial tension, and residual stress tests. The results reveal that the mean free-surface roughness increases non-linearly as the normal strain (stretching + bending) on the free surface increases (where strain state on the surface is as follows: ɛ1 = 0, ɛ2 > 0, γmax = ɛ2 and 1 and 2 are principal directions). The roughness also increases, although linearly, with the post-forming sheet strength, residual stress, and forming force, thereby showing that strain hardening has a direct influence on the roughness in a way that sheet strengthening is achieved at the cost of surface quality. The surface morphology reveals that the free surfaces contained orange peel, slip lines, and micro-voids, with density increasing with strain application, thus indicating the possible influence of tensile stresses on free surface deformation and roughening at an increasing degree with strain. Further analysis of roughness results discloses that the free-surface roughness and the contact-surface roughness are inversely related, because the responses of the two to ISF processing were mutually exclusive. Based on the obtained results, future research directions are also discussed.

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Russ, John C. "Characterization of Surface Roughness." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 916–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600037077.

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Because of the session at this Microscopy and Microanalysis 2000 meeting concerned with the microanalysis of irregular surfaces, it seems appropriate to briefly review the methods used for the characterization of rough surfaces. This includes both mathematical tools for the concise description of surface roughness, and instruments used to acquire the necessary data. These methods are widely used in industry to characterize and specify the roughness of surfaces prepared by various machining, grinding, polishing, chemical etching, and physical and chemical deposition techniques, and to correlate the surface roughness with performance.Historically, surface roughness has been measured by performing a linear traverse with a mechanical stylus that is sensitive to vertical displacements of nm but with a lateral resolution on the order of pm, which is quite similar to the dimensions of the region analyzed by X-ray microanalysis. Recently, more comprehensive characterizations have been obtained using a raster scan over surface areas.

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Bekhta, Pavlo, Barbara Lis, Tomasz Krystofiak, and Nataliya Bekhta. "Surface Roughness of Varnished Wood Pre-Treated Using Sanding and Thermal Compression." Forests 13, no. 5 (May 17, 2022): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13050777.

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Surface roughness is an important factor during the processes of wood gluing and finishing. This study proposed a new approach for the preparation of wood veneer surfaces before varnishing through the use of thermal compression instead of sanding. The quality of the pre-treated surface was examined using surface roughness measurements. In the experiment, a wood veneer of black alder and birch, before varnishing, was subjected to sanding with a sandpaper of 180 grit size, and thermal compression at temperatures of 180 and 210 °C. Three different types of commercially manufactured varnishes (water-based (WB), polyurethane (PUR) and UV-cured (UV)) were applied to the prepared veneer surfaces with various numbers of varnish layers. Seven roughness parameters such as Ra, Rz, Rq, Rp, Rv, Rsk, and Rku were determined for the sanded and thermally densified unvarnished and varnished surfaces. The profile surface was recorded with a portable surface roughness tester along and across the wood fibers. It was found that there was no difference between the surface roughnesses of the surfaces that had been sanded and the surface roughnesses of those that had been thermally densified at a temperature of 210 °C. The research suggests that thermal compression at a temperature of 210 °C is enough to obtain smoother surfaces with a UV varnish system, and this process can be recommended as a replacement for sanding before varnishing as the most labor-intensive and expensive operations in woodworking industry. Applying two layers of varnish along with intermediate sanding was also sufficient to obtain a satisfactory finish.

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Gokhale, A., and W. J. Drury. "Surface roughness of anisotropic fracture surfaces." Materials Characterization 30, no. 4 (June 1993): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1044-5803(93)90075-7.

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Syahrullail, Samion, and Noorawzi Nuraliza. "Effect of Surface Roughness Parameters and Surface Texture for Reduced Friction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 695 (November 2014): 572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.695.572.

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The aim of the present research was to investigate the possibility of contact surfaces with reduced friction using surface roughness analysis. For this purpose, various aluminum pin samples with different lubricant using different sliding speed values were prepared. To evaluate influence of roughness parameters on friction and wear, lubricated pin-on-disk tests were carried out under different speed contact conditions. Test results show that surfaces with high values surface roughness results in reduced friction. To investigate the effect of surface topography on surface roughness parameters and consequently on friction, real roughness profiles were virtually altered to achieve virtually textured surfaces.

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Zhao, Wei Lin, Hui Huang, and Zhen Lin Wang. "Investigation about Electro-Deposition Properties of Special Nickel Electroplating Coating for 45# Steel with Different Surface Roughnesses." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 962–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.962.

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The effects of the surface roughness on electro-deposition properties of the special nickel electroplating coating for the 45# steel were investigated. The results indicate that the surface roughness has great effects on the corrosion resistance and the surface hardness of the coating, the adhesion force between the coating and the substrate. Among the three 45# samples with different surface roughnesses, the sample with moderate surface roughness (Ra≈0.1um) has the relatively higher corrosion resistance, surface hardness and adhesion force than the samples with higher and lower surface roughness.

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Brine, Elizabeth J., Sandra Manfra Marretta, Gerald J. Pijanowski, and Arthur M. Siegel. "Comparison of the Effects of Four Different Power Scalers on Enamel Tooth Surface in the Dog." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 17, no. 1 (March 2000): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875640001700102.

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The surface roughness of tooth enamel was quantitatively evaluated following scaling with four power scalers at three different tip forces. Ceramic and tooth samples were evaluated for surface roughness using surface profilometry. Applied tip forces were produced with a horizontal balanced arm holding the scaler handpiece and load weight, and were measured using a load cell. The power scalers evaluated were the ultrasonic piezoelectric, ultrasonic magnetostrictive (ferromagnetic stack), sonic, and rotosonic. For the tooth samples, at 50 grams of force, the piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, and sonic scaler roughnesses were similar and the rotosonic scaler outcome was statistically higher. Increasing the applied force significantly increased the roughness produced by the rotosonic and piezoelectric scalers. The results of this study indicate that the type of power scaler and applied tip force used determines the post-scaling surface roughness of ceramic and tooth enamel surfaces.

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Abdullah, Nik Rosli, Muhammad Hussain Ismail, and Najmi Wan Ahmad Wan Mohamed. "I-7 IDENTIFICATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS USING LAMB WAVES(Session: Molding/Roughness/Mechanical)." Proceedings of the Asian Symposium on Materials and Processing 2006 (2006): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeasmp.2006.153.

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Jakupi, Kaltrine, Vladimir Dukovski, and Gezim Hodolli. "Surface Roughness Modeling of Material Extrusion PLA Flat Surfaces." International Journal of Polymer Science 2023 (May 13, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8844626.

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Complex forms may be easily created with additive manufacturing methods, but managing surface roughness remains a difficulty, even for flat surfaces, because surface quality is dependent on numerous parameters. This research investigates the effect of some printing factors on surface roughness in 3D printing methods. The purpose of this study is to quantify the most influential input printing factors on surface roughness in 3D printing processes. Polyacrylic acid thermoplastic was used to print workpieces, and mathematical models were generated using the regression method to analyze the relationship between process parameters and surface roughness. The exponential model fits the experimental data slightly better than the linear model. Only Ra-90 met all surface roughness classification requirements, while surface roughness measurements in the 0 and 45-degree directions did not meet the requirements and cannot be used to describe the surface roughness. The study highlights the importance of considering input printing parameters when optimizing surface roughness in 3D printing processes, providing valuable insights into the impact of process parameters on surface roughness.

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S, Pooja Harish, Karunakara B. C, and Sumitra Reddy. "Comparison of Interproximal Reduction Techniques and Proximal Strips: An Atomic Force Microscopic and Confocal Microscopic Study." Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 54, no. 1 (January 2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301574219885712.

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Objective: A vivo study was conducted to evaluate the surface roughness produced by two different methods: hand-held mechanical and air-rotor stripping and also by HORICO and Ortho-Organizer strips (Bengaluru, India), before and after polishing with 3M Sof-Lex Finishing Strips under Atomic Force Microscope. Methodology: Study included 44 proximal surfaces of extracted premolars divided into a control group and 3 experimental groups with 12 surfaces in each. Hand-held mechanical stripping was done by 40 passages of 6 cm long abrasive strips and air-rotor stripping using high-speed air-rotor turbine hand piece. Polishing was done using 3M Sof-Lex finishing strips. Reduced teeth samples were viewed under Atomic Force Microscope and the proximal strips under Confocal microscope for surface roughness. Results: Air-rotor stripping produced statistically significant more surface roughness compared to the mechanical reduction technique ( P = .01). There was no significant difference between the roughnesses produced by 2 different proximal strips. Tooth surface after IPR with polishing had less roughness compared to unpolished surface. There was no mean difference between the wear of proximal strips. Conclusion: The mechanical reduction technique of interproximal surface produces less surface roughness compared to air-rotor stripping. Polishing with 3M Sof-Lex strips after reduction irrespective of the technique and material used gives smoother surface than even normal enamel.

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Yu, Jin, and Yoshiharu Namba. "Atomic surface roughness." Applied Physics Letters 73, no. 24 (December 14, 1998): 3607–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122839.

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Bulaha, N., J. Rudzitis, J. Lungevics, O. Linins, and J. Krizbergs. "Research of Surface Roughness Anisotropy." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 54, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpts-2017-0012.

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Abstract The authors of the paper have investigated surfaces with irregular roughness for the purpose of determination of roughness spacing parameters perpendicularly to machining traces – RSm1 and parallel to them – RSm2, as well as checking the relationship between the surface anisotropy coefficient c and surface aspect ratio Str from the standard LVS EN ISO 25178-2. Surface roughness measurement experiments with 11 surfaces show that measuring equipment values of mean spacing of profile irregularities in the longitudinal direction are not reliable due to the divergence of surface mean plane and roughness profile mean line. After the additional calculations it was stated that parameter Str can be used for determination of parameter RSm2 and roughness anisotropy evaluation for grinded, polished, friction surfaces and other surfaces with similar characteristics.

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Fischer, H., M. Schäfer, and R. Marx. "Effect of Surface Roughness on Flexural Strength of Veneer Ceramics." Journal of Dental Research 82, no. 12 (December 2003): 972–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910308201207.

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The strength of ceramic restorations depends on the occlusal surface roughness of the veneering porcelain, which is influenced by the final preparation. The hypothesis of the study was that roughnesses below a critical microscopic defect size—based only on fracture mechanics considerations—also affect flexural strength. The bending failure stress was evaluated on standard specimens of 4 veneer ceramics with 4 different surfaces of defined roughnesses, respectively. A linear correlation was found between roughness and failure stress. A "roughness-free" failure stress value was predicted for each tested material. This theoretical value can represent the "true" strength of the respective ceramic material. We conclude from our results that the final preparation of a ceramic restoration is critical to the strength of the material, and that ceramic veneering materials can be compared more objectively with respect to their strength by means of roughness-free strength values.

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Vrbová, Hana, Milena Kubišová, Vladimír Pata, Jana Knedlová, Jakub Javořík, and Barbora Bočáková. "Approach to Heterogeneous Surface Roughness Evaluation for Surface Coating Preparation." Coatings 14, no. 4 (April 12, 2024): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14040471.

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This paper focuses on evaluating the roughness of heterogeneous surfaces, aiming to interpret data effectively for thorough assessment. Previous research highlights the significant impact of surface roughness on final coatings. Beam-cutting machining generates surfaces with position-dependent roughness parameter changes. However, there is inconsistency in the methods for investigating roughness in such surfaces, leading to the loss of crucial information and potentially inaccurate results. This could result in flawed coating preparation and subsequent defects. This paper proposes a suitable evaluation method involving an optical 3D profilometer and a stabilizing support system for reliable measurements. It provides a detailed description of the materials and methods used. The objective is to establish a more consistent and accurate approach to assessing roughness for coating preparation. Technical applications demonstrate up-to-fivefold fluctuations in surface topography parameters, as illustrated in this manuscript. Overall, this paper seeks to address these challenges and provide a robust framework for evaluating roughness in heterogeneous surfaces, thereby enhancing surface coating preparation processes.

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Wang, Fu-Xing, P. Lacey, R. S. Gates, and S. M. Hsu. "A Study of the Relative Surface Conformity Between Two Surfaces in Sliding Contact." Journal of Tribology 113, no. 4 (October 1, 1991): 755–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2920689.

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The surface roughnesses of two surfaces in a wear contact can change throughout the course of the wear process. This may or may not change the lubrication mechanism of the system depending on the real area of contact as influenced by the changes in the surface roughness. The present work examines the changes in surface roughness within the contact area, as well as the relative mating of the two surfaces. To quantify the similarity between the two wear surfaces, a new concept, the relative surface conformity, has been defined and developed. To effectively measure this parameter, a computer program was written to input the wear scar profilometry traces and to calculate the relative surface conformity of the two. Finally, the relative surface conformity was shown to rise with increasing test duration, during running in.

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Grishin, R. G., N. V. Nosov, I. M. Salnikov, Ya M. Gordienko, and R. V. Ladyagin. "МЕТОДИКА РАСЧЕТА ШЕРОХОВАТОСТИ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ПРИ ОБРАБОТКЕ АБРАЗИВНЫМ ИНСТРУМЕНТОМ ИЗ СВС МАТЕРИАЛОВ." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 24, no. 3 (2022): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/1990-5378-2022-24-3-9-13.

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The article proposes a method for calculating the surface roughness during processing with abrasive tools, including tools made of SHS materials. The analysis of existing approaches to the calculation of the height of the micro-roughness of the treated surface during grinding, which took into account the depth of the layer cut by a single grain and the amount of plastic extrusion. Experimental studies of surface roughness have shown that with an increase in the grain size of an abrasive tool made of SHS corundum by 4 times, the value of Ra increases by 3 times, and with an increase in the hardness of the circle decreases. A comparison of the roughness of the treated surface of an abrasive tool made of SHS corundum with other abrasive materials (91A and 24A) shows that for a grain size from 6 to 16 it is 10-15% less, and for 25 to 40 more. Scientifically-based recommendations on the control of surface roughness parameters are proposed

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Wang, Xianchen, and Qin Zhang. "Insight into the Influence of Surface Roughness on the Wettability of Apatite and Dolomite." Minerals 10, no. 2 (January 28, 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10020114.

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Surface roughness has an important influence on the wettability of particles. This paper is an innovative exploration to control the surface wettability of apatite and dolomite from the perspective of roughness in the background of phosphate flotation. Roughness characteristics of apatite and dolomite particles and its effects on wettability were investigated with surface roughness, contact angle measurements, and SEM analysis. The relationship between surface energy and wettability of different roughness surfaces was also discussed. The results indicated that the influence of roughness on apatite and dolomite particles showed the same regularity, and wettability increased with the increasing roughness for hydrophilic surfaces, while the wettability decreased for hydrophobic surfaces. The influence of roughness on wettability can be well explained by Wenzel and Cassie models, and the surface energy of different rough surfaces had a strong correlation with their wettability. When sodium oleate was added after acid treatment, the apatite was hydrophilic, while the dolomite was hydrophobic; the difference in wettability between them became greater as surface roughness increased. Thus, it can be predicted that the selective separation of dolomite and apatite under acid reverse flotation conditions can be strengthened by increasing the mineral surface roughness during comminution.

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ZHANG, XINPING, SIRONG YU, ZHENMING HE, and YAOXIN MIAO. "WETTING OF ROUGH SURFACES." Surface Review and Letters 11, no. 01 (February 2004): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x04005925.

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This paper focuses on effects of roughness on wettability. According to Wenzel's equation, the transition of theoretical wetting contact angles is 90°, whereas many experimental results have indicated that such a transition takes place at contact angles smaller than 90°. A new model of wetting on roughness surface is established in this paper. The model indicates that the influencing factors of wetting on roughness surface include not only equilibrium contact angle θ0 and surface roughness, but also the system of liquids and solid substrates. There is a corresponding transition angle for every surface roughness, and the transition angle is lower than 90°. Surface roughness is propitious to improve the contact angle only when θ0 is lower than the transition angle. The effect of surface roughness on the contact angle increases with the increase of rE. To engineer the surface with different roughnesses, a Ti test sample is polished with sandpaper with abrasive number 350, 500, 1000 and 2000; the contact angles of water on Ti are measured by the sessile drop method. The results of the theoretical analysis agree with experimental ones.

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Jeong, Sueng-Won, and Sung-Sik Park. "Effect of the Surface Roughness on the Shear Strength of Granular Materials in Ring Shear Tests." Applied Sciences 9, no. 15 (July 25, 2019): 2977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9152977.

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Surface roughness plays an important role in estimating the shear strength of granular materials. A series of ring shear tests with different surface roughnesses (i.e., smooth and rough surfaces) were performed. A large-sized ring shear device, which is applicable for fine- and coarse-grained sediments, was developed to examine the shear strength of large particle sizes (i.e., commercial gravels with a mean grain size of 6 mm). In terms of surface roughness, the drainage- and shear-velocity-dependent shear strengths of the granular materials were examined. In this study, different shear velocities of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mm/s were applied under drained and undrained conditions. The test results clearly show that shear stress is affected by drainage, shear velocity, and surface roughness. In particular, a typical strain-hardening behavior is exhibited regardless of the drainage and shear velocity condition. The measured shear strength obtained from both drained and undrained conditions increased with increasing shear velocity. All tests showed a large fragmentation using rough surfaces compared to the smooth surfaces of the device. The grain crushing was significant during shearing, even when normal stress was not applied. For a given shear velocity, surface roughness is an important feature in determining the shear strength of granular materials.

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Liu, Y. "Assessment of surface roughness for a ‘silent’ aircraft." Aeronautical Journal 117, no. 1189 (March 2013): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000007995.

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AbstractBoundary-layer noise produced by rough surfaces is a potential contributor to airframe noise. In this paper, an attempt is made to assess the surface roughness noise for a conceptual Silent Aircraft design SAX-40 using a prediction model described in previous theoretical work (Liu and Dowling(12)). Estimates of three idealised test cases show that surface roughness could produce a relatively high noise level and enhance the trailing-edge noise somewhat. Roughness height and roughness density are two significant parameters which affect surface roughness noise, with roughness height having the more dominant effect. The distribution of roughness noise sources decreases in the streamwise direction on the SAX-40 surface. Two candidate rough surfaces are selected for SAX-40 to keep surface roughness noise at a negligible level and to meet an aggressive noise target.

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YU, J., Y. NAMBA, and M. SHIOKAWA. "FRACTAL ROUGHNESS CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPER-GROUND Mn-Zn FERRITE SINGLE CRYSTALS." Fractals 04, no. 02 (June 1996): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x96000285.

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The surface of superground Mn-Zn ferrite single crystal may be identified as a self-affine fractal in the stochastic sense. The rms roughness increased as a power of the scale from 102 nm to 106 nm with the roughness exponent α=0.17±0.04, and 0.11±0.06, for grinding feed rate of 15 and 10 μm/rev, respectively. The scaling behavior coincided with the theory prediction well used for growing self-affine surfaces in the interested region for magnetic heads performance. The rms roughnesses increased with increase in the feed rate, implying that the feed rate is a crucial grinding parameter affecting the supersmooth surface roughness in the machining process.

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Bhushan, Bharat, and Kristian To̸nder. "Roughness-Induced Shear- and Squeeze-Film Effects in Magnetic Recording—Part II: Applications." Journal of Tribology 111, no. 2 (April 1, 1989): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261893.

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Surface roughness-induced hydrodynamic gas lubrication theory including rarefaction effects is used to explain the effects of surface roughness on the magnetic head-medium spacing. Since video-recording operates at h/σ (film thickness/standard deviations of composite roughness) ≤ 3, the spacing increases with the roughness because the head surface remains at the distance on the order of 3σ from the mean of the tape surface. Data processing tapes operate at h/σ ≥ 4, and the increase in spacing with the roughness is found to be due to roughness-induced squeeze films. Squeeze motion can be generated by the isolated high asperities on the tape surface and bearing load variations due to a moving roughness (in shear flow) which are expected to increase with an increase in the surface roughness, and modulations of surfaces from other instabilities. Increase in signal-to-noise ratio and in amplitude variation for a rougher tape is also explained by the surface roughness variations. Influence of surface roughness on the head-disk spacing is also analyzed. Recommendations are made for an optimum roughness orientation and magnitude and whether the roughness should lie on the stationary or moving surfaces.

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Ai, Xiaolan, and Herbert S. Cheng. "A Transient EHL Analysis for Line Contacts With Measured Surface Roughness Using Multigrid Technique." Journal of Tribology 116, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928879.

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Transient EHL analysis for line contacts with measured surface roughness is performed by using the multigrid method. Results show that the transient effect, induced by surface roughness, has a remarkable influence on pressure distribution and the film thickness profile. Pressure fluctuation increases with the relative sliding speed between the contact surfaces. For simple sliding with stationary surface roughness, the roughness profile is almost flattened. When the rough surface moves, the elastically deformed surface roughness, in the contact zone, increases with the moving speed. As the moving speed of surface roughness equals to or exceeds the rolling speed, the roughness of the deformed surface profile in the contact zone is close to the roughness of the undeformed roughness profile.

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García-Alonso, M. Cristina, Laura Burgos-Asperilla, M. Lorenza Escudero, and Concepción Alonso. "Cell adhesion on Ti surface with controlled roughness." Revista de Metalurgia 51, no. 2 (June 2, 2015): e044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.044.

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Zhitao Yang, Zhitao Yang, Changjian Liu Changjian Liu, Yachen Gao Yachen Gao, Jiyu Wang Jiyu Wang, and and Wenlong Yang and Wenlong Yang. "Influence of surface roughness on surface plasmon resonance phenomenon of gold film." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 4 (2016): 042401–42403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.042401.

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Nasution, Abdul Haris, Muksin Rasyid Harahap, and Suhardi Napid. "Diamond Chisel Utilization and Effect of Feeding on Surface Roughness of AISI 1045 Steel." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 4 (May 5, 2022): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220446.

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Shape and surface roughness of a product, when it is produced by a lathe, plays an important role because of its friction, wear, lubrication systems, and others. In each workpiece, the result of the machining process has a certain shape and surface roughness such as shiny, smooth, and rough surfaces. The machining process determines the surface roughness at a certain level, where the surface roughness is used as a reference for product evaluation. Machining the surface roughness of a product does not have a small value, but sometimes a product requires a large surface roughness value according to its function. Keywords: Feeding, surface roughness, AISI 1045, diamond chisel.

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Shen, Jian Yun, Wei Min Lin, Hitoshi Ohmori, and Xi Peng Xu. "Surface Roughness Characteristics of Finely Ground Ceramics." Materials Science Forum 532-533 (December 2006): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.416.

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In the present study, surface roughness after grinding with different mesh size diamond wheels were measured to study the surface roughness characteristics of engineering ceramics. According to the surface behaviours and measured surface roughness, the relation between the surface roughness and the properties of these brittle materials was described. Coupled with the micro-observation of ground surfaces, it was concluded that the grinding condition and material properties led to the differences of surface roughness characteristics of brittle materials. The silicon nitride ceramic was the most easily machined to ductile surface among these ceramics.

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Murugarajan, A., and G. Samuel. "Measurement, Modeling and Evaluation of Surface Parameter Using Capacitive-Sensor-Based Measurement System." Metrology and Measurement Systems 18, no. 3 (January 1, 2011): 403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10178-011-0007-9.

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Measurement, Modeling and Evaluation of Surface Parameter Using Capacitive-Sensor-Based Measurement System Surface roughness parameter prediction and evaluation are important factors in determining the satisfactory performance of machined surfaces in many fields. The recent trend towards the measurement and evaluation of surface roughness has led to renewed interest in the use of newly developed non-contact sensors. In the present work, an attempt has been made to measure the surface roughness parameter of different machined surfaces using a high sensitivity capacitive sensor. A capacitive response model is proposed to predict theoretical average capacitive surface roughness and compare it with the capacitive sensor measurement results. The measurements were carried out for 18 specimens using the proposed capacitive-sensor-based non-contact measurement setup. The results show that surface roughness values measured using a sensor well agree with the model output. For ground and milled surfaces, the correlation coefficients obtained are high, while for the surfaces generated by shaping, the correlation coefficient is low. It is observed that the sensor can effectively assess the fine and moderate rough-machined surfaces compared to rough surfaces generated by a shaping process. Furthermore, a linear regression model is proposed to predict the surface roughness from the measured average capacitive roughness. It can be further used in on-machine measurement, on-line monitoring and control of surface roughness in the machine tool environment.

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CASTILLO ALVARADO, FRAY DE LANDA, MARGARITO CRUZ PINEDA, JERZY H. RUTKOWSKI, and LESZEK WOJTCZAK. "ROUGHNESS INFLUENCE ON SURFACE MELTING." Surface Review and Letters 08, no. 06 (December 2001): 599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x01001531.

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The influence of surface roughness on surface melting phase transition is discussed within the molecular field theory. The roughness is characterized by the surface order parameter averaged over all the density fluctuations whose description corresponds to the discrete Gaussian solid-on-solid model. The potential governing the transition between the rough surface and the surface melting is considered in terms of the modified van der Waals equation of state. Its effective shape represents two intersecting parabolas with nonequal curvatures for the solid and liquid phases. The phase diagram shows the coexistence of two phases with rough and wet surfaces.

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35

Majumdar, B. C., and M. K. Ghosh. "Stability of a Rigid Rotor Supported on Rough Oil Journal Bearings." Journal of Tribology 112, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2920233.

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This investigation deals with the stability of rigid rotors supported on finite rough oil journal bearings using perturbation method. The effect of various surface roughness parameters, viz., composite surface roughness, roughness orientation pattern and variance ratio on the stability has been studied. In general, surface roughness effect when incorporated into the analysis does not show a significant change in the stability for surfaces having same roughness structure. However, the effect of variance ratio (i.e., surfaces having different roughness structure) on stability is quite marked.

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Febriyansa, Agus, Zaldy Kurniawan, and Eko Yudo. "Analisis Pengaruh Kecepatan Pemotongan dan Kedalaman Pemotongan Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Baja SKD11 Dengan Metode RSM." Jurnal Inovasi Teknologi Terapan 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33504/jitt.v2i1.137.

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In the current development of the manufacturing industry, the quality of each product must be met. One machining process, namely CNC lathe, can meet these demands. Surface roughness is one of the values that must be considered again. The minimum surface roughness indicates a very good CNC machining process, because the smaller the surface roughness value of a product, the better the resulting product value. To achieve that all need to du the turning in the right process variables. The process variables that are varied are cutting speed (m/mnt) and depth of cut (mm). Each variable has three levels, mnamely cutting speed 240, 250, and 260. For depth 0,1, 0,15, and 0,2. The research method used to obtain surface roughness values is the response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design. The material used in this research is SKD 11 steel. The minimum roughnees is at acutting speed of 240 m/min and a depth of cut of 0,325 mm, the roughness value abtained is an average of 1,627 (µm). for maximum roughness at a cutting speed of 230 m/min and depth of cut of 0,225 mm, the roughness value obtained of 1,975 (µm).

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Liu, Jun, Xiao Xu Cai, Jun Yu Dong, and Xiao Qian Ning. "Perceived Roughness of Material Surfaces." Applied Mechanics and Materials 624 (August 2014): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.624.62.

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Roughness is an important perceptual characteristic of material surfaces. This work investigated a derived model for evaluating surface roughness in accordance with human visual perception. This was accomplished with the help of extensive psychophysical experiments. Surface textures resembling natural materials were generated with different roughness. Subjects rated the surface textures on 5-point Likert scales based on visual perception of surface roughness. We trained a general model for mapping features of surface images to perceptual scales of roughness. It can be observed that the roughness obtained in this way is in good agreement with that perceived by human. Thus, given a material surface, roughness can be estimated accurately.

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Mitsuya, Y., T. Ohkubo, and H. Ota. "Averaged Reynolds Equation Extended to Gas Lubrication Possessing Surface Roughness in the Slip Flow Regime: Approximate Method and Confirmation Experiments." Journal of Tribology 111, no. 3 (July 1, 1989): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261957.

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The average film thickness theory is extended to gas lubrication possessing surface roughness in the slip flow regime. A simplified averaged Reynolds equation is derived and its applicability is confirmed through comparing with experiments. This averaging equation makes use of the mixed average film thickness defined as Havem = αHm + (1 − α)Hmˆ, where m = 1, 2 and 3; α indicates the mixing ratio; and H¯ and Hˆ denote the arithmetically and harmonically averaged film thicknesses. The experiments were performed using computer flying heads having precisely photolithography-fabricated longitudinal, transverse or checkered pattern roughnesses under submicron spacing conditions. From the excellent agreement obtained between the calculated and experimental results, it can be concluded that the assumption that velocity slippage occurs along the surface even if roughnes is present is justified, and that the approximate method is applicable for determining the surface roughness effects in the slip flow regime.

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Nurul Amin, A. K. M., Siti Nurshahida Mohd Nasir, Noor Syairah Khalid, and Muammer Din Arif. "Comparison of Surface Roughness Attainable in High Speed End Milling of Silicon with Air Blowing on Conventional and CNC Milling Machines." Advanced Materials Research 576 (October 2012): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.576.19.

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Review of past research indicated that ductile mode machining of silicon can produce surface roughness values as low as 0.22 µm, which is about half of 0.40 µm, the usual standard roughness value to avoid fine grinding and rough polishing operations. The current research investigated and compared the surface roughness and integrity attained in high speed end milling of silicon (using diamond coated tools) under ductile mode machining conditions. Two different types of end milling machines were utilized, CNC and conventional milling machines. Additionally, the effect of compressed air on the resultant surface roughness was investigated. The air blowing fixture, designed for mounting the compressed air hose, consisted of fixed and movable jaws, air blower clamp, fasteners, and the air gun. Air blowing was used to prevent silicon chips from settling on the machined surface, since it was observed to be an acute problem in high speed ductile mode machining of silicon. The three machining parameters: spindle speed, depth of cut, and feed rate were varied within the ranges 60,000 to 80,000 rpm, 10 to 20 µm, and 5 to 15 mm/min respectively. The resultant machined surfaces were analysed using Wyko NT 1100 and SurfTest SV-500 profilometers in order to measure the attaine surface roughnesses and surface profile. The machined surfaces had almost no deposition and was of excellent finish.

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Masrub, Hussein A., and Hanan S. . Habishi. "Effect of Nd-YAG Laser Parameters on the Surface Hardness of AISI D2 Tool Steel at Different degree of Roughness." International Science and Technology Journal 34, no. 1 (April 3, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.62341/hehs3430.

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This research study focuses on the experimental analysis of surface hardening with laser rays for a sample of tool steel 1.2379 at different surface roughness's and laser parameters.The sample was received in an annealed condition with hardness value of 220 HV. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the effect of surface roughness and laser scanning speed on the surface hardness of the sample and the depth of the molten layer. The results showed that the surface roughness and laser scanning speed influenced the depth and hardness of the provided surface. It was observed that at slower scanning speed and a higher surface roughness, a higher hardness and a deeper cured layer thickness were achieved. A maximum surface hardness of 662 HV was achieved using a laser power of 75 W, a laser spot diameter of 0.5 mm, a pulse rate of 80 kHz, a laser processing speed of 1 mm/s, and at the higher surface roughness. Keywords: Tool Steel, Laser Surface Hardening, Surface Roughness, Microhardness, Scanning Speed.

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41

Shin, Dong-Ah, Seon-Ju Jin, Kkot-Byeol Bae, and In-Nam Hwang. "Effect of surface sealant on surface roughness of dental composite with different surface roughness." Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science 39, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2023.39.4.195.

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Kumermanis, Maris, and Janis Rudzitis. "Microtopography Model of Rough Surface." Solid State Phenomena 147-149 (January 2009): 686–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.147-149.686.

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For perfect surface roughness description is not enough to know characteristics of surface profile. It is necessary to use topography methods, so called microtopography. Thereby, surface roughness in microtopographycal understanding must be described with three coordinates, whose in Cartesian coordinates system compose point under consideration height h, abscissa and ordinate, determines point position in the plane. Most efficient methods in irregular surface roughness research are random function theory methods. Therefore, microtopography, analogically to profile, may consider as random function, but two dimensional function, i.e. two variable x and y random field h(x,y). From analogy with random process, random field can be normal – ordinates are distributed by normal (Gaussian) distribution. Moreover, random field can be homogeneous and heterogeneous. Random field is deemed homogeneous if its mean value is discretionary and correlation function depends only from distance between surface points. Important characteristic of random field is correlation function, whose depends of two variables t1 and t2 – orthogonal Cartesian coordinates of vector t. Random field is homogeneous and isotropic when its characteristics are equivalent in any direction. There are three types of surface anisotropy: • General event of surface anisotropy. Characteristics of this event roughness parameters are depend of surface split direction. • Surface roughness with direct anisotropy. Those surfaces are with typical traces of tool and they proper two mutually perpendicular surface roughness directions. • Extended anisotropy area – special event of anisotropy roughness. Of analytical opinion, gainfully anisotropy roughness see as extended occasional isotropy area. This let easy cross from anisotropy surface to isotropy and contrariwise, thereby embrace amount class of surface roughness. Let’s formulate microtopography model of rough surface [1]. Surface roughness is described with homogeneous normal random field h(x,y) that has uninterrupted correlation function and uninterrupted deriviates. We may consider that E{h(x,y)}=0. The mean random field value is plane called mean plane. For describing random field we must know mathematical expectation and field correlation function, what in fact reduces on determining dispersion and rationed correlation function r(t1, t2). Homogeneous random field dispersion D{h} doesn’t depends of direction and can be founded in any surface split. Given model of rough surface let inspect surfaces produced by abrasive instruments and friction surfaces after wear-in period.

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Görög, Augustín, Ingrid Görögová, Dana Stančeková, and Miroslav Janota. "Influence of roller - burnishing on surface roughness parameters and roundness." MATEC Web of Conferences 244 (2018): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824401021.

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In order to increase productivity, machining times and market competitiveness of machining production systems, it is important to continuously develop existing technological solutions. The paper deals with surface roughness and roundness after roller burnishing outer rotary surface. Roller burnishing was applied on turned surfaces with different surface roughness. Each outer rotary surface was roller burnished twice with the same conditions (pressing force, peripheral speed of machine part, feed of tool). The parameters of the surface roughness Ra, Rq and Rt were measured after each single roller burnishing. The results show that the surface roughness is decreasing after the first roller burnishing cycle (additional roller burnishing had only negligible influence on surface roughness) and the original surface roughness has a significant influence on change of surface roughness after roller burnishing.

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LIU, CHAOFENG, YUSHAN NI, and YONG RAO. "ROUGHNESS EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GEOMETRIES ON MICRO GAS FLOWS BY LATTICE BOLTZMANN SIMULATION." International Journal of Modern Physics C 20, no. 06 (June 2009): 953–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183109014114.

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The roughness effects of the gas flows of nitrogen and helium in microchannels with various relative roughnesses and different geometries are studied and analyzed by a lattice Boltzmann model. The shape of surface roughness is simulated to be square, sinusoidal, triangular, and fractal. Numerical computations compared with theoretical and experimental studies show that the roughness geometry is an important factor besides the relative roughness in the study of the effects of surface roughness. The fractal boundary presents a higher influence on the velocity field and the resistance coefficient than other regular boundaries at the same Knudsen number and relative roughness. In addition, the effects of rarefaction, compressibility, and roughness are strongly coupled, and the roughness effect should not be ignored in studying rarefaction and compressibility of the microchannel as the relative roughness increases.

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Zhong, Zhao-Wei. "Surface roughness of machined wood and advanced engineering materials and its prediction: A review." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 5 (May 2021): 168781402110176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211017632.

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This article discusses the surface roughness of wood and advanced engineering materials after machining and its prediction. The topics are surface roughness of precision-machined advanced engineering materials, machining of WC and Inconel, rapidly solidified Al alloys, surface roughness of wood materials, and prediction of surface roughness. Findings include that ductile streaks on silicon and glass surfaces ground or lapped with inexpensive machines largely reduced the polishing time to obtain the required surface roughness. Abrasive jet machining could remove the patterns from recycled wafers and improve the surface roughness. The roughness of WC-Co coatings was significantly improved by using the method of fast regime fluidized bed machining. As beryllium is a toxic element, the rapidly solidified Al alloy may be a good insert material to replace BeCu. Higher bonding strengths resulted from rougher surfaces of wood samples. Wood samples had reduced bonding strengths after soaking in water. Optimum artificial neural networks (ANNs) with necessary inputs could accurately predict the roughness values. ANNs trained using particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms could predict surface roughness better than typical ANNs. Minimum quantity lubrication is a hot research topic to minimize the amount of the fluid for cost and environmental considerations.

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Ohijeagbon, I. O., A. A. Adeleke, P. P. Ikubanni, T. A. Orhadahwe, G. E. Adebayo, A. S. Adekunle, and A. O. Omotosho. "Development of Methodology for Characterization of Surface Roughness of Solid Metallic Surfaces Using Oil Slippage Method." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 58, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2021-0032.

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Abstract The study employed the phenomenon of friction between liquid droplets and solid metallic surfaces in surface roughness analysis of engineering materials. Five samples of mild steel plate were prepared to different degrees of surface roughness by facing operation. The sample surfaces were analysed to determine the roughness parameters (mean roughness, root mean square roughness, roughness skewness, and roughness kurtosis) and friction coefficient of the surfaces. Oil droplet sliding velocity was determined using the oil slippage test. The friction coefficient of the surfaces increased with increasing roughness parameter which varied from 26.334 µm at friction coefficient = 0.63 to 13.153 µm at friction coefficient = 0.46. The results from oil slippage test showed that the sliding velocity of the oil drop decreased as the friction coefficient of samples increased. At an inclination angle of 30°, sliding velocity varied from 0.51 cm/s at friction coefficient = 0.63 to 0.92 cm/s at friction coefficient = 0.46. Some of the samples exhibited a deviation in the trend of relationship between friction coefficient and sliding velocity which resulted from the variation in peak height of roughness between the sample surfaces. Oil slippage method predicts the surface behaviours of materials based on their surface parameters.

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Mhlanga, M., L. R. Masheane, I. Yadroitsava, and I. Yadroitsev. "Surface roughness of Ti6Al4V samples produced by laser powder bed fusion for bone implants." MATEC Web of Conferences 370 (2022): 11001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202237011001.

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This study describes the surface roughness of heat-treated Ti6Al4V ELI samples without surface finishing (as-built condition) depending on the position of the build plate. Surface roughness was studied at the top and side surfaces of horizontal and vertical samples using a profilometer and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Morphology of tested samples is shown. It was shown that the top and side surfaces of vertical and horizontal samples had different morphologies, but they had fairly close roughness values, since the formation of roughness was mainly associated with sticking of the powder material both on the upper surface of the samples and on the side surfaces. It was found that samples that were far away from the argon inlet and recoater start line had higher surface roughness.

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Saleh, A., D. W. Fryrear, and J. D. Bilbro. "AERODYNAMIC ROUGHNESS PREDICTION FROM SOIL SURFACE ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT." Soil Science 162, no. 3 (March 1997): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199703000-00006.

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Periyasamy, S., M. Aravind, D. Vivek, and K. S. Amirthagadeswaran. "Optimization of Surface Grinding Process Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness in AISI 1080 Using Response Surface Methodology." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.118.

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In this study, the response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters of constant speed horizontal spindle surface grinding. The experiments were conducted based on the design expert software. The surface roughness characteristics were investigated in AISI 1080 steel plates using A60V5V grinding wheels. The optimum parameters for minimum surface roughness were found using Design Expert software. The parameters for a particular surface roughness value can also be determined using the results of this experiment. This results shows that feed has a greater effect on surface roughness and feed has medium effect on surface roughness. While dressing depth of cut has a very minimal effect on surface roughness.

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Wang, Hao, Xiaoyong Shu, and Jianping Zhao. "Influence of Build Angle and Polishing Roughness on Corrosion Resistance of 316L Stainless Steel Fabricated by SLM Method." Materials 15, no. 11 (June 6, 2022): 4020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15114020.

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Metal parts formed by laser additive manufacturing methods usually have large surface roughness, which affects the corrosion resistance of the parts. This study reported the reason for and mechanism of the large surface roughness of 316L stainless steel samples manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) at different build angles. Through the study, the reason for the large top surface roughness (average surface roughness is 15.3 μm) is due to the molten channel structure formed on the surface. The large side surface roughness (average surface roughness is 19.1 μm) is due to the incomplete fused particles adhering to the surface. Through electrochemical experiments, the influence of the build angle and polishing treatment on the corrosion resistance of the sample was studied. The different roughness of the top and side surfaces results in different corrosion resistances (the top surface pitting potential is 0.317 VAg/AgCl and the side surface pitting potential is 0.148 VAg/AgCl), and polishing can improve the surface corrosion resistance of specimens by reducing the surface roughness, especially for the side surface (from 0.148 to 0.351 VAg/AgCl). Therefore, parts manufactured by SLM can be post-treated to reduce roughness and improve surface corrosion resistance.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Surface roughness'

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