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Journal articles on the topic '(surface raman scattering) SERS'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Zhang, Xian, Qin Zhou, Yu Huang, Zhengcao Li, and Zhengjun Zhang. "The Nanofabrication and Application of Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2012 (December 19, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/350684.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was discovered in 1974 and impacted Raman spectroscopy and surface science. Although SERS has not been developed to be an applicable detection tool so far, nanotechnology has promoted its development in recent decades. The traditional SERS substrates, such as silver electrode, metal island film, and silver colloid, cannot be applied because of their enhancement factor or stability, but newly developed substrates, such as electrochemical deposition surface, Ag porous film, and surface-confined colloids, have better sensitivity and stability. Surface enhanced Raman scattering is applied in other fields such as detection of chemical pollutant, biomolecules, DNA, bacteria, and so forth. In this paper, the development of nanofabrication and application of surface-enhanced Ramans scattering substrate are discussed.

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2

Gühlke, Marina, Zsuzsanna Heiner, and Janina Kneipp. "Combined near-infrared excited SEHRS and SERS spectra of pH sensors using silver nanostructures." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 39 (2015): 26093–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp03844h.

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Combined surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface-enhanced hyper-Raman scattering (SEHRS) of a pH sensor, consisting of silver nanostructures and para-mercaptobenzoic acid and operating with near-IR excitation, is studied.

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3

Scott, B. L., and K. T. Carron. "Dynamic Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS): Extracting SERS from Normal Raman Scattering." Analytical Chemistry 84, no. 20 (September 26, 2012): 8448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac301914a.

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4

Bello, J. M., and T. Vo-Dinh. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Fiber-Optic Sensor." Applied Spectroscopy 44, no. 1 (January 1990): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702904085877.

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A fiber-optic system was developed for exciting and collecting surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals generated from a sensing plate tip having silver-coated microparticles deposited on a glass support. Various fiber parameters, such as fiber type, fiber-substrate geometry, and other experimental parameters, were investigated to obtain the optimum conditions for the SERS fiber-optic device. In addition, analytical figures of merit relevant to the performance of the SERS fiber-optic sensor, such as SERS spectral characteristics, reproducibility, linear dynamic range, and limit of detection, were also investigated.

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5

Adewumi, Blessing, Martin Feldman, Debsmita Biswas, Dongmei Cao, Li Jiang, and Naga Korivi. "Low-Cost Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering for Bio-Probes." Solids 3, no. 2 (April 7, 2022): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/solids3020013.

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Raman Spectroscopy is a well-known method for identifying molecules by their spectroscopic “fingerprint”. In Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), the presence of nanometallic surfaces in contact with the molecules enormously enhances the spectroscopic signal. Raman enhancing surfaces are often fabricated lithographically or chemically, but the throughput is low and the equipment is expensive. In this work a SERS layer was formed by the self-assembly of silver nanospheres from a hexane suspension onto an imprinted thermoplastic sheet (PET). In addition, the SERS layer was transferred and securely bonded to other surfaces. This is an important attribute for probes into solid specimen. Raman spectra were obtained with Rhodamine 6G (R6G) solution concentrations ranging from 1 mm to 1 nm. The methods described here produced robust and sensitive SERS surfaces with inexpensive equipment, readily available materials, and with no chemical or lithographic steps. These may be critical concerns to laboratories faced with diminishing funding resources.

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6

Zeiri, Leila, and Shlomo Efrima. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) of Microorganisms." Israel Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 3 (December 2006): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijc_46_3_337.

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7

Zeiri, Leila, and Shlomo Efrima. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) of Microorganisms." Israel Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 3 (July 1, 2006): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/u792-l827-5511-8520.

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8

Chakaja, Chaiwat, Saksorn Limwichean, Noppadon Nuntawong, Pitak Eiamchai, Sukon Kalasung, On-Uma Nimittrakoolchai, and Nongluck Houngkamhang. "Study on Detection of Carbaryl Pesticides by Using Surface-Enhance Raman Spectroscopy." Key Engineering Materials 853 (July 2020): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.853.97.

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In this research, the Ag nanorod structure was used as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chip which provides a sensitive detection signal for trace analysis of carbaryl pesticide. Carbaryl in solid form was measured by using the standard Raman spectroscopy to investigate the spectrum. Carbaryl at various concentrations was prepared in acetonitrile and dropped on the SERS chip for measuring Raman spectrum by a portable Raman spectrometer. The measurement condition including laser power and exposure time were studied to test the performance of SERS chip for carbaryl detection. From the results, the SERS chip useful for enhancing the Raman scattering signal which was increased depending on the laser power and exposure time. Carbaryl can be detected on SERS chip couple with the portable Raman spectrometer with the limit of detection of 10-5 M.

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9

Pilot, Signorini, Durante, Orian, Bhamidipati, and Fabris. "A Review on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Biosensors 9, no. 2 (April 17, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9020057.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has become a powerful tool in chemical, material and life sciences, owing to its intrinsic features (i.e., fingerprint recognition capabilities and high sensitivity) and to the technological advancements that have lowered the cost of the instruments and improved their sensitivity and user-friendliness. We provide an overview of the most significant aspects of SERS. First, the phenomena at the basis of the SERS amplification are described. Then, the measurement of the enhancement and the key factors that determine it (the materials, the hot spots, and the analyte-surface distance) are discussed. A section is dedicated to the analysis of the relevant factors for the choice of the excitation wavelength in a SERS experiment. Several types of substrates and fabrication methods are illustrated, along with some examples of the coupling of SERS with separation and capturing techniques. Finally, a representative selection of applications in the biomedical field, with direct and indirect protocols, is provided. We intentionally avoided using a highly technical language and, whenever possible, intuitive explanations of the involved phenomena are provided, in order to make this review suitable to scientists with different degrees of specialization in this field.

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10

Huang, Jinglin, Yansong Liu, Xiaoshan He, Cuilan Tang, Kai Du, and Zhibing He. "Gradient nanoporous gold: a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate." RSC Advances 7, no. 26 (2017): 15747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra28591k.

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The design and fabrication of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with high Raman enhancement, stability, homogeneity and processing compatibility is still one of the most challenging issues in SERS research.

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11

Ankamwar, Balaprasad, Ujjal Kumar Sur, and Pulak Das. "SERS study of bacteria using biosynthesized silver nanoparticles as the SERS substrate." Analytical Methods 8, no. 11 (2016): 2335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay03014e.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy has great advantages as a spectroscopic analytical tool due to the large enhancement of the weak Raman signal and thereby facilitates suitable identification of chemical and biological systems.

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12

Yang, Yong, and Masayuki Nogami. "Self-Assembled Monolayer of Silver Nanorods for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 2146–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.2146.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) integrates high levels of sensitivity with spectroscopic precision and thus has tremendous potential for chemical and biomolecular sensing. The key to the wider application of Raman spectroscopy using roughened metallic surfaces is the development of highly enhancing substrates for analytical purposes, i.e., for better detection sensitivity of tracing contaminants and pollutants. Controlled methods for preparing nano-structured metals may provide more useful correlations between surface structure and signal enhancement. Here, we self-assembled silver nanorods on glass substrates for sensitive SERS substrates. The enhanced surface Raman scattering signals were observed and mainly attributed to the local field enhancement.

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13

Matsukovich, A. S., E. V. Shabunya-Klyachkovskaya, M. Sawczak, K. Grochowska, D. Maskowicz, and G. Śliwiński. "Gold Nanoparticles for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy." International Journal of Nanoscience 18, no. 03n04 (June 2019): 1940069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x19400696.

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This work shows comparative analysis of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity of gold nanoparticles fabricated by chemical synthesis and laser ablation methods. The gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation (Au-LA) are more effective for SERS than those prepared chemically (Au-citr). The “analyte on Au film” configuration allows obtaining enhancement of Raman scattering up to 104 in case of Au-LA nanoparticles and up to 102 in case of Au-citr. Also the “sandwich” configuration for Au-LA gives additional enhancement of SERS up to two times, and for Au-citr up to one order, that is consistent with theoretical calculations.

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14

Wang, Xu-Ming, Xin Li, Wei-Hua Liu, Chuan-Yu Han, and Xiao-Li Wang. "Gas Sensor Based on Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020388.

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In order to address problems of safety and identification in gas detection, an optical detection method based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was studied to detect ethanol vapor. A SERS device of silver nanoparticles modified polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was realized by freeze-drying method. This SERS device was placed in a micro transparent cavity in order to inject ethanol vapor of 4% and obtain Raman signals by confocal Raman spectrometer. We compared different types of SERS devices and found that the modification of polyvinylpyrrolidone improves adsorption of ethanol molecules on surfaces of silver nanoparticle, and finally we provide the mechanism by theory and experiment. Finite Difference Time Domain(FDTD) simulation shows that single layer close-packed Ag nanoparticles have strong local electric field in a wide spectral range. In this study, we provide a case for safety and fingerprint recognition of ethanol vapor at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.

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15

Yuan, Dongdong, Shu Chen, Yanan Wu, and Junqiao Wang. "A facile surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate based on silver deposited sandpaper." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 21 (July 30, 2019): 1950239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984919502397.

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Flexible surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate was prepared by modification of sandpaper with silver nanoparticles. Under 633 nm excitation wavelength, the SERS enhancement effect of sandpapers which were treated with silver nanoparticles were evaluated by collecting Raman signals of probed molecules. The results demonstrate that the SERS enhancement effect of white (12,000 meshes) is better than that of pink (8000 meshes) sandpaper under the same condition; when the concentration of probe molecules is [Formula: see text] mol/L, white sandpaper has the best SERS enhancement; the Raman scattering spectrum has better signal when the silver sol is 15 [Formula: see text].

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16

Jing, Zhiyu, Ling Zhang, Xiaofei Xu, Shengli Zhu, and Heping Zeng. "Carbon-Assistant Nanoporous Gold for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Nanomaterials 12, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12091455.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology can amplify the Raman signal due to excited localized surface plasmon (LSP) from SERS substrates, and the properties of the substrate play a decisive role for SERS sensing. Several methods have been developed to improve the performance of the substrate by surface modification. Here, we reported a surface modification method to construct carbon-coated nanoporous gold (C@NPG) SERS substrate. With surface carbon-assistant, the SERS ability of nanoporous gold (NPG) seriously improved, and the detection limit of the dye molecule (crystal violet) can reach 10−13 M. Additionally, the existence of carbon can avoid the deformation of the adsorbed molecule caused by direct contact with the NPG. The method that was used to improve the SERS ability of the NPG can be expanded to other metal structures, which is a convenient way to approach a high-performance SERS substrate.

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17

Jing, Zhiyu, Ling Zhang, Xiaofei Xu, Shengli Zhu, and Heping Zeng. "Carbon-Assistant Nanoporous Gold for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Nanomaterials 12, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12091455.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology can amplify the Raman signal due to excited localized surface plasmon (LSP) from SERS substrates, and the properties of the substrate play a decisive role for SERS sensing. Several methods have been developed to improve the performance of the substrate by surface modification. Here, we reported a surface modification method to construct carbon-coated nanoporous gold (C@NPG) SERS substrate. With surface carbon-assistant, the SERS ability of nanoporous gold (NPG) seriously improved, and the detection limit of the dye molecule (crystal violet) can reach 10−13 M. Additionally, the existence of carbon can avoid the deformation of the adsorbed molecule caused by direct contact with the NPG. The method that was used to improve the SERS ability of the NPG can be expanded to other metal structures, which is a convenient way to approach a high-performance SERS substrate.

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18

Vahendra, Afviva Nissa, and Asep Bayu Dani Nandiayanto. "Bibliometric Computational Mapping Analysis of Graphene-Based Surfaced – Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) During 2012 – 2022." Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology 4, no. 2 (November 6, 2022): 0220205. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/asset.v4i2.13343.

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This study aims to examine the development of research related to Graphene-Based Surfaced-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) through a bibliometric approach to computational mapping analysis using VOSviewer. The acquisition of article data was obtained from the Google Scholar database using the publish or perish reference manager application. The keywords used to guide the process of searching for the title and abstract of the article were "Graphene, SER, surface enhanced raman scattering, nanoparticle". A total of 920 articles were obtained which were considered related to the topic of this research. The study period used as study material is Google Scholar indexed articles for the last 10 years (2012 to 2022). The results showed that the Graphene-Based Surfaced-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) research can be separated into 4 terms:Raman Spectroscopy, Graphene, Nanoparticle and Surface. The term “Raman Spectroscopy” is associated with 189 links with total link strength 1539 The term “Graphene” has 198 links with total link strength 2036 the term “Nanoparticle” has 199 links with total link strength in 2739 and the term “Surface” has 189 links with total link strength 1651. The results of the analysis of the development of Graphene-Based Surfaced-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) in the last 10 years show an increase. However, in 2020-2021, there was a slight decrease from 136 in 2020 to 135 in 2021. The increase in research occurred from 2014 - 2020 (49, 63, 80, 99, 105,116 and 136 publications per year respectively). While the popular Graphene-Based Surfaced-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) research was carried out in 2020, there were 136 studies. From the results of research on article data using VOS viewer on Graphene-Based Surfaced-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and its relationship to the problem area, the results show that there has been an increase over the last 10 years. This study can be an initial consideration for future researchers who will conduct research related to this research topic.

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19

Leung, Wipawanee, Saksorn Limwichean, Noppadon Nuntawong, Pitak Eiamchai, Sukon Kalasung, On-Uma Nimittrakoolchai, and Nongluck Houngkamhang. "Rapid Detection of Cypermethrin by Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Technique." Key Engineering Materials 853 (July 2020): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.853.102.

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Cypermethrin is a toxic pesticide in the pyrethroid group. A Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) based sensor has been developed to achieve simple pesticide sensing. In this work, rapid detection of cypermethrin by using the handheld Raman spectroscopy coupled with SERS substrate was demonstrated. SERS-active silver nanorods substrate was used to enhance Raman signals of test samples. The effect of exposure time and drop volume of sample was studied for cypermethrin measurement. The results found that the silver nanorods substrate can be used to measure cypermethrin in the range of 10-6 to 10-3 M with a handheld Raman spectrometer. Furthermore, the Raman signal of cypermethrin was confirmed by measuring solid cypermethrin with the standard Raman spectrometer. SERS substrate was competent to detect cypermethrin with a limit of detection (LOD) of 10-6 M.

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20

Song, Chao, Shuang Guo, Sila Jin, Lei Chen, and Young Mee Jung. "Biomarkers Determination Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Chemosensors 8, no. 4 (November 22, 2020): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors8040118.

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An overview of noteworthy new methods of biomarker determination based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is presented. Biomarkers can be used to identify the occurrence and development of diseases, which furthers the understanding of biological processes in the body. Accurate detection of a disease-specific biomarker is helpful for the identification, early diagnosis and prevention of a disease and for monitoring during treatment. The search for and discovery of valuable biomarkers have become important research hotspots. Different diseases have different biomarkers, some of which are involved in metabolic processes. Therefore, the fingerprint characteristics and band intensities in SERS spectra have been used to identify metabolites and analyze markers. As a promising technique, SERS has been widely used for the quantitative and qualitative determination of different types of biomarkers for different diseases. SERS techniques provide new technologies for the diagnosis of disease-related markers and determining the basis for clinical treatment. Herein, several SERS-based methods with excellent sensitivity and selectivity for the determination of biomarkers for tumors, viruses, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiac muscle tissue injury, and cell activity are highlighted.

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21

Israelsen, Nathan D., Cynthia Hanson, and Elizabeth Vargis. "Nanoparticle Properties and Synthesis Effects on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Enhancement Factor: An Introduction." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/124582.

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Raman spectroscopy has enabled researchers to map the specific chemical makeup of surfaces, solutions, and even cells. However, the inherent insensitivity of the technique makes it difficult to use and statistically complicated. When Raman active molecules are near gold or silver nanoparticles, the Raman intensity is significantly amplified. This phenomenon is referred to as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The extent of SERS enhancement is due to a variety of factors such as nanoparticle size, shape, material, and configuration. The choice of Raman reporters and protective coatings will also influence SERS enhancement. This review provides an introduction to how these factors influence signal enhancement and how to optimize them during synthesis of SERS nanoparticles.

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22

Alabi, O. O., A. N. F. Edilbi, C. Brolly, D. Muirhead, J. Parnell, R. Stacey, and S. A. Bowden. "Asphaltene detection using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)." Chemical Communications 51, no. 33 (2015): 7152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc00676g.

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23

Li, Xiaodong. "Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Its Application as Substrates for SERS." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (October 17, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8050524.

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Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by a modified Hummer’s method and was then reduced by the hydrothermal process. Both GO and reduced GO (rGO) were employed as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates to detect rhodamine 6G (R6G). After adsorbed on the surface of GO, the fluorescence background of R6G was highly quenched, and its Raman scatterings were enhanced. When adsorbed on the surface of rGO, the fluorescence background was further quenched at the price of lower SERS intensity. The results displayed that oxygen groups on the surface of GO had positive effect on the SERS effect of GO. The amount of oxygen groups on the surface of GO should be one key parameter to adjust the SERS activity of GO.

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24

Sun, Yu, and Alessio Caravella. "Trace Detection of Metalloporphyrin-Based Coordination Polymer Particles via Modified Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Assisted by Surface Metallization." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016 (December 26, 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6394858.

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This study proposed a facile method to detect metalloporphyrin-based coordination polymer particles (Z-CPPs) in aqueous solution by modified surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The SERS-active particles are photodeposited on the surface of Z-CPPs, offering an enhanced Raman signal for the trace detection of Z-CPPs.

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25

Klutse, Charles K., Adam Mayer, Julia Wittkamper, and Brian M. Cullum. "Applications of Self-Assembled Monolayers in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Journal of Nanotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/319038.

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The increasing applications of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has led to the development of various SERS-active platforms (SERS substrates) for SERS measurement. This work reviews the current optimization techniques available for improving the performance of some of these SERS substrates. The work particularly identifies self-assembled-monolayer- (SAM-) based substrate modification for optimum SERS activity and wider applications. An overview of SERS, SAM, and studies involving SAM-modified substrates is highlighted. The focus of the paper then shifts to the use of SAMs to improve analytical applications of SERS substrates by addressing issues including long-term stability, selectivity, reproducibility, and functionalization, and so forth. The paper elaborates on the use of SAMs to achieve optimum SERS enhancement. Specific examples are based on novel multilayered SERS substrates developed in the author’s laboratory where SAMs have been demonstrated as excellent dielectric spacers for improving SERS enhancement more than 20-fold relative to conventional single layer SERS substrates. Such substrate optimization can significantly improve the sensitivity of the SERS method for analyte detection.

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26

Porter, Marc D., and Jennifer H. Granger. "Surface-enhanced Raman scattering II: concluding remarks." Faraday Discussions 205 (2017): 601–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7fd00206h.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enables the detection of a large number of different adsorbates at extraordinarily low levels. This plasmonics-based technology has undergone a number of remarkable advances since its discovery over 40 years ago, and has emerged from being an investigative tool confined largely to the research laboratory into a much more usable tool across a broad range of investigative studies, both within the laboratory and beyond. The purpose of this Concluding remarks manuscript is to capture, at least in part, the developments in this area since the first Faraday discussion of SERS over a decade ago. It begins with a brief contextual overview and then moves into describing a few of the many highlights from the meeting. Along the way, we have added a few comments and perspectives as a means to more fully stage where the different areas of research with SERS stand today. An addendum is included that collects a few of the recent perspectives on the original work and activities in this area.

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YUEN, CLEMENT, WEI ZHENG, and ZHIWEI HUANG. "SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN SCATTERING: PRINCIPLES, NANOSTRUCTURES, FABRICATIONS, AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS." Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 01, no. 02 (October 2008): 267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179354580800025x.

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This article gives an overview of the development and applications of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques in biomedicine. We first introduce the fundamental principles of the SERS mechanisms. We also present the different fabrication techniques of SERS nanostructures and substrates. Finally, the importance and potential roles of the SERS nanostructures and substrates in biomedical applications are summarized.

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Li-Xia, Li, Liu Chuan-Pu, Hu Yong-Feng, Gu Yue-Shu, Yin Yong-Jia, and Qu Song-Sheng. "Surface Enhance Raman Scattering (SERS) of Tetraphenyl Porphyin." Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica 8, no. 02 (1992): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3866/pku.whxb19920220.

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29

Maher, R. C., C. M. Galloway, E. C. Le Ru, L. F. Cohen, and P. G. Etchegoin. "Vibrational pumping in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)." Chemical Society Reviews 37, no. 5 (2008): 965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b707870f.

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30

Zaffino, Chiara, Bianca Russo, and Silvia Bruni. "Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) study of anthocyanidins." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 149 (October 2015): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2015.04.039.

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31

Guicheteau, Jason A., Mikella E. Farrell, Steven D. Christesen, Augustus W. Fountain, Paul M. Pellegrino, Erik D. Emmons, Ashish Tripathi, Phillip Wilcox, and Darren Emge. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Evaluation Protocol for Nanometallic Surfaces." Applied Spectroscopy 67, no. 4 (April 2013): 396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/12-06846.

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32

Vo-Dinh, T., and D. L. Stokes. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Vapor Dosimeter." Applied Spectroscopy 47, no. 10 (October 1993): 1728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702934334679.

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This paper describes a new direct-reading personal dosimeter designed to detect vapors of organic chemicals. The device employs the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique for direct measurement of the amount of analyte collected on the dosimeter, requiring no sample desorption or wet-chemical extraction procedure. The time-weighted average exposure to the chemical vapors can be determined on the dosimeter substrate. The results with benzoic acid used as the model compound illustrate the usefulness of this SERS-based dosimeter.

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33

Rubin, Shimon, Phuong H. L. Nguyen, and Yeshaiahu Fainman. "The effect of DNA bases permutation on surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectrum." Nanophotonics 10, no. 5 (February 15, 2021): 1581–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0021.

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Abstract Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) process results in a tremendous increase of Raman scattering cross section of molecules adsorbed to plasmonic metals and influenced by numerous physico-chemical factors such as geometry and optical properties of the metal surface, orientation of chemisorbed molecules and chemical environment. While SERS holds promise for single molecule sensitivity and optical sensing of DNA sequences, more detailed understanding of the rich physico-chemical interplay between various factors is needed to enhance predictive power of existing and future SERS-based DNA sensing platforms. In this work, we report on experimental results indicating that SERS spectra of adsorbed single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) isomers depend on the order on which individual bases appear in the 3-base long ssDNA due to intramolecular interaction between DNA bases. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate that the effect holds under more general conditions when the molecules do not experience chemical enhancement due to resonant charge transfer effect and also under standard Raman scattering without electromagnetic or chemical enhancements. Our numerical simulations qualitatively support the experimental findings and indicate that base permutation results in modification of both Raman and chemically enhanced Raman spectra.

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Deng, Chuyun, Wanyun Ma, and Jia-Lin Sun. "Fabrication of Highly Rough Ag Nanobud Substrates and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering ofλ-DNA Molecules." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/820739.

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Raman scattering signals can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates made from noble metal nanostructures. Some SERS substrates are even able to detect single-molecule Raman signals. A novel silver nanobud (AgNB) substrate with superior SERS activity was fabricated with a solid-state ionics method. The AgNB substrate was formed by tightly collocated unidirectional 100 nm size silver buds, presenting a highly rough surface topography. Distinct SERS signals of singleλ-DNA molecules in water were detected on AgNB substrates. AgNB substrates were compared with disordered silver nanowire (AgNW) substrates manufactured by the same method through the SERS detection ofλ-DNA solutions. This original AgNB substrate provides a reliable approach towards trace analysis of biomacromolecules and promotes the utilization of the SERS technique in biomedical research.

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Vongsvivut, Jitraporn, Evan G. Robertson, and Don McNaughton. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of Resveratrol." Australian Journal of Chemistry 61, no. 12 (2008): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch08204.

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We report here, for the first time, the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of resveratrol using KNO3-aggregated citrate-reduced silver (Ag) colloids. The technique provided a substantial spectral enhancement and therefore good quality spectra of resveratrol at parts per million (ppm) concentrations. The detection limit was found to be <1 μM, equivalent to <0.2 ppm. The SERS profile additionally closely resembled its normal solid-state Raman spectrum with some changes in relative intensity. These intensity changes, together with a precise band assignment aided by density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6–31G(d) level, allowed the determination of the structural orientation of the adsorbed resveratrol on the surface of the metal nanoparticles. In particular, the SERS spectra obtained at different resveratrol concentrations exhibited concentration-dependent features, suggesting an influence of surface coverage on the orientation of the adsorbed molecules. At a high concentration, an adoption of close-to-upright orientation of resveratrol adsorbed on the metal surface through the p-OH phenyl ring is favoured. The binding structure is, however, altered at lower surface coverage when the concentration decreases to a tilted orientation with the trans-olefin C=C bond aligning closer to parallel to the surface of the Ag nanoparticles.

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Ren, Bin, Xu-Feng Lin, Yu-Xiong Jiang, Pei-Gen Cao, Yong Xie, Qun-Jian Huang, and Zhong-Qun Tian. "Optimizing Detection Sensitivity on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Transition-Metal Electrodes with Confocal Raman Microscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 57, no. 4 (April 2003): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/00037020360625961.

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Some points on how to improve the detection sensitivity of confocal Raman microscopy for the study of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of transition-metal electrodes are discussed, including the careful design of the spectroelectrochemical cell, proper selection of the thickness of the solution layer, the binning of charge-coupled device (CCD) pixels, and appropriate setting of the notch filter. Various roughening methods for the Pt, Rh, Fe, Co, and Ni electrode surfaces have been introduced in order to obtain SERS-active surfaces. It has been shown that the appropriate roughening procedure and the optimizing performance of the confocal Raman microscope are the two most important factors to directly generate and observe SERS on net transition-metal electrodes.

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Wang, Ling, Yan Zhang, Yongqiang Yang, and Jing Zhang. "Strong Dependence of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering on Structure of Graphene Oxide Film." Materials 11, no. 7 (July 12, 2018): 1199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11071199.

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Graphene and its derivatives have been demonstrated to be good surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. However, the literature offers some contrasting views on the SERS effect of graphene-based materials. Thus, understanding the mechanism of the SERS enhancement of graphene is essential for exploring its application as a SERS substrate. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) and chemically reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) films with different morphologies and structures were prepared and applied as SERS substrates to detect Raman dye molecules. The observed enhancement factors can be as large as 10~103. The mechanism of SERS enhancement is discussed. It is shown that the SERS effect was independent of the adsorption of dye molecules and the surface morphologies of graphene-based films. Raman shifts are observed and are almost the same on different graphene-based films, indicating the existence of charge transfer between dye molecules and substrates. The Raman enhancement factors and sensitivities of dye molecules on different films are consistently within the IG/ID ratios of graphene-based substrates, indicating that the dramatically enhanced Raman spectra on graphene-based films are strongly dependent on the average size of sp2 carbon domain.

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Sayin, Ismail, Mehmet Kahraman, Fikrettin Sahin, Dilsad Yurdakul, and Mustafa Culha. "Characterization of Yeast Species Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Applied Spectroscopy 63, no. 11 (November 2009): 1276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370209789806849.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is used for the characterization of six yeast species and six isolates. The sample for SERS analysis is prepared by mixing the yeast cells with a four times concentrated silver colloidal suspension. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the strength of the interaction between silver nanoparticles and the yeast cells depends on the biochemical structure of the cell wall. The SERS spectra are used to identify the biochemical structures on the yeast cell wall. It is found that the density of –SH and –NH2 groups might be higher on certain yeast cell walls. Finally, the obtained SERS spectra from yeast is used for the classification of the yeast.

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Yue, Weisheng, Zhihong Wang, John Whittaker, Francisco Lopez-royo, Yang Yang, and Anatoly V. Zayats. "Amplification of surface-enhanced Raman scattering due to substrate-mediated localized surface plasmons in gold nanodimers." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 16 (2017): 4075–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc00667e.

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40

Barber, Tye E., Matthew S. List, John W. Haas, and Eric A. Wachter. "Determination of Nicotine by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 11 (November 1994): 1423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702944027985.

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The analytical application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to the determination of nicotine is demonstrated. A simple spectroelectrochemical method using a copper or silver electrode as the SERS substrate has been developed, consisting of three steps: polishing a working electrode to a mirror finish; roughening the electrode in an electrolyte solution; and, finally, depositing the nicotine analyte onto the roughened electrode after immersion in a sample solution. During the reduction cycle, a large enhancement in nicotine Raman scattering is observed at the electrode surface. The intensity of the SERS signal on a silver electrode is linear with concentration from 10 to 900 ppb, with an estimated detection limit of 7 ppb. The total analysis time per sample is approximately five minutes. This procedure has been used to analyze the extract from a cigarette side-stream smoke sample (environmental tobacco smoke); the SERS results agree well with those of conventional gas chromatographic analysis.

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Hibbitts, Sam, P. Lewis White, Julie Green, Graeme McNay, Duncan Graham, and Ross Stevenson. "Human papilloma virus genotyping by surface-enhanced Raman scattering." Anal. Methods 6, no. 5 (2014): 1288–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay00155a.

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Lu, Gang, Guilin Wang, and Hai Li. "Effect of nanostructured silicon on surface enhanced Raman scattering." RSC Advances 8, no. 12 (2018): 6629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra00014j.

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Çulha, Mustafa, Ahmet Adigüzel, M. MÜGE Yazici, Mehmet Kahraman, Fikrettin Slahin, and Medine Güllüce. "Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Applied Spectroscopy 62, no. 11 (November 2008): 1226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370208786401545.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can provide molecular-level information about the molecules and molecular structures in the vicinity of nanostructured noble metal surfaces such as gold and silver. The three thermophilic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Geobacillus pallidus, a Gram-negative bacterium E. coli, and a Gram-positive bacterium B. megaterium are comparatively characterized using SERS. The SERS spectra of thermophilic bacteria are similar, while they show significant differences compared to E. coli and B. megaterium. The findings indicate that a higher number of thiol residues and possible S–S bridges are present in the cell wall structure of thermophilic bacteria, providing their stability at elevated temperatures. Incubating the thermophilic bacteria with colloidal silver suspension at longer times improved the bacteria–silver nanoparticle interaction kinetics, while increased temperature does not have a pronounced effect on spectral features. A tentative assignment of the SERS bands was attempted for thermophilic bacteria. The results indicate that SERS can be a useful tool to study bacterial cell wall molecular differences.

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Prinz, J., C. Heck, L. Ellerik, V. Merk, and I. Bald. "DNA origami based Au–Ag-core–shell nanoparticle dimers with single-molecule SERS sensitivity." Nanoscale 8, no. 10 (2016): 5612–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr08674d.

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DNA origami nanostructures are used to arrange gold nanoparticles into dimers with defined distance, which can be exploited as novel substrates for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Single dye molecules (TAMRA and Cy3) can be placed into the SERS hot spots, with Raman enhancement up to 10¹⁰, which is sufficient to detect single molecules by Raman scattering.

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Chang, Yu-Chung, Bo-Han Huang, and Tsung-Hsien Lin. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering and Fluorescence on Gold Nanogratings." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (April 17, 2020): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040776.

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy is a sensitive sensing technique. It is desirable to have an easy method to produce SERS-active substrate with reproducible and robust signals. We propose a simple method to fabricate SERS-active substrates with high structural homogeneity and signal reproducibility using electron beam (E-beam) lithography without the problematic photoresist (PR) lift-off process. The substrate was fabricated by using E-beam to define nanograting patterns on the photoresist and subsequently coat a layer of gold thin film on top of it. Efficient and stable SERS signals were observed on the substrates. In order to investigate the enhancement mechanism, we compared the signals from this substrate with those with photoresist lifted-off, which are essentially discontinuous gold stripes. While both structures showed significant grating-period-dependent fluorescence enhancement, no SERS signal was observed on the photoresist lifted-off gratings. Only transverse magnetic (TM)-polarized excitation exhibited strong enhancement, which revealed its plasmonic attribution. The fluorescence enhancement showed distinct periodic dependence for the two structures, which is due to the different enhancement mechanism. We demonstrate using this substrate for specific protein binding detection. Similar periodicity dependence was observed. Detailed theoretical and experimental studies were performed to investigate the observed phenomena. We conclude that the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons on the continuous gold thin film is essential for the stable and efficient SERS effects.

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Berthod, Alain, Jose J. Laserna, and James D. Winefordner. "Surface Enhanced Raman Spectrometry on Silver Hydrosols Studied by Flow Injection Analysis." Applied Spectroscopy 41, no. 7 (September 1987): 1137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702874447653.

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Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) corresponds to the increase of the Raman scattering cross section of organic molecules (five to six orders of magnitude) when molecules are adsorbed onto metal surfaces. The use of silver hydrosols, obtained by chemical reduction of silver nitrate solutions, is convenient. An important drawback is irreproducibility of hydrosol preparation procedures and the nonlinearity between the SERS response and the analyte concentration. In order that these problems could be overcome, flow injection analysis (FIA) has been used. With FIA, constant, reproducible silver hydrosol formation results. SERS signals of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) were measured over four orders of magnitude of concentration range and over three pH units. The precision of FIA-SERS signals for PABA was 5%, and the limit of detection of PABA was in the ppb range with the use of the Raman band at 1605 cm−1 with an Ar+ laser at 514.5 nm.

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Fang, C., M. Megharaj, and R. Naidu. "Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of fluorosurfactants in firefighting foams." RSC Advances 6, no. 14 (2016): 11140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26114g.

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We demonstrated SERS (surface-enhanced Raman scattering) detection of fluorosurfactants (FSs), which are commonly formulated in aqueous firefighting foams (AFFFs), by increasing their loading affinity and boosting their Raman activity.

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Gong, Zhengjun, Canchen Wang, Cong Wang, Changyu Tang, Fansheng Cheng, Hongjie Du, Meikun Fan, and Alexandre G. Brolo. "A silver nanoparticle embedded hydrogel as a substrate for surface contamination analysis by surface-enhanced Raman scattering." Analyst 139, no. 20 (2014): 5283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4an00968a.

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A surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) hydrogel substrate, capable of extracting small amounts of organic species from surfaces of different types of materials with variable roughness, has been fabricated.

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Zhang, Weiwei, Qingkun Tian, Zhanghua Chen, Cuicui Zhao, Haishuai Chai, Qiong Wu, Wengang Li, Xinhua Chen, Yida Deng, and Yujun Song. "Arrayed nanopore silver thin films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering." RSC Advances 10, no. 40 (2020): 23908–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra03803b.

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50

Hennemann, L. E., A. J. Meixner, and D. Zhang. "Surface- and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of DNA." Spectroscopy 24, no. 1-2 (2010): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/428026.

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Calf thymus DNA adsorbed on a rough gold substrate or on an atomically smooth gold (111) surface has been investigated by collecting its unique Raman fingerprints using either surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) or tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS). A monolayer coverage of DNA strands adsorbed at both the irregular rough edges of evaporated gold grids and at gold nanoparticles is detected by SERS. Highly improved sensitivity down to single DNA strand spectroscopic determination is accomplished by TERS providing an enhancement factor of at least 1400. Based on our experimental results, we propose that TERS is a promising technique to study the DNA–drug molecule interaction on the level of a single DNA strand.

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