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Journal articles on the topic "Suralaya (Indonesia) Economic conditions"
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Laksono, Andi Dwi, Megalia Fatmawati, Ahmad Nur Ardiansyah, and Reiki Nauli Harahap. "Establishment of A Care Group in The Satya Gawa Program To Enhance The Quality of Life of People With Mental Disorders." Progress In Social Development 3, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psd.v3i2.41.
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Mental health issues are one of the fundamental topics. Psychiatric conditions not only affect the mindset and behavior of individuals but can have an impact on the long term. The Indonesian Ministry of Health (2021) states that the prevalence of potential mental disorders in Indonesia reaches 20% of the total population. Meanwhile, in 2020, only about 58.9% of ODGJ received mental health services. Therefore, this journal article seeks to explain how the process of increasing the stability of ODGJ through the Satya Gawa Program launched by PT Indonesia Power Suralaya PGU. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological research approach. Data was collected by means of participant observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. The concepts of mental health, sociopreneur, and caring groups were used to analyze the data obtained.
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Masalah kesehatan jiwa menjadi salah satu topik yang fundamental. Kondisi kejiwaan tidak hanya mempengaruhi pola pikir dan perilaku individu, namun dapat berdampak pada jangka panjang. Kementrian Kesehatan RI (2021) menyatakan bahwa prevalensi potensi gangguan jiwa di Indonesia mencapai 20% dari total penduduk. Sedangkan pada tahun 2020, baru sekitar 58,9% ODGJ yang mendapat pelayanan kesehatan jiwa. Oleh karena itu, artikel jurnal ini berupaya menjelaskan bagaimana proses meningkatkan stabilitas ODGJ melalui Program Satya Gawa yang dicanangkan oleh PT Indonesia Power Suralaya PGU. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalag kualitatif dengan pendekatan phenomenological research. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi partisipan, wawancara, dokumentasi dan studi literatur. Konsep kesehatan jiwa, sociopreneur, dan kelompok peduli digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh.
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Mastiri Mastiri and Desmira Desmira. "SISTEM MANAJEMEN PROTEKSI MOTOR RELAY GE MULTILINE 269 PLUS PADA MOTOR FORCED DRAFT FAN DI PT. INDONESIA POWER PGU SURALAYA." JURAL RISET RUMPUN ILMU TEKNIK 1, no. 2 (September 29, 2022): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jurritek.v1i2.278.
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Electrical energy continues to grow over time, power plants with large capacities are the main sources of electricity in Indonesia, one of which is the Steam Power Plant (PLTU). In the field of power plants that use coal always need air during the electricity production process. This study aims 1) to determine the protection management system on the Forced Draft fan motor using GE Multilin 269 Plus, 2) Setting GE Multilin 269 Plus as protection, 3) The results of the protection in the form of Normal Motor, Alarm, and Trip conditions in the accumulation of imbalance (Unbalance) ). The method used is a quantitative research method based on analysis, taking data and then analyzing the data obtained. The results of this quantitative study regarding the Unbalance value or imbalance of the electric motor analyzed resulted in a value of 5.8% for normal conditions, 10.86% for alarm conditions on multilin and 15.50% in trip conditions or the motor had stopped. These values are obtained from the results of calculations comparing negative sequence currents and positive sequence currents (In/Ip). The conclusion obtained is that the GE Multilin 269 Plus protects the electric motor from system damage by using a current sensor and through a setting point that is adjusted to the provisions of NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) with an unbalance value of more than 15% for trips, more than 10% for alarm conditions and less than 10% under normal conditions
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Azzizah, Yuni. "Socio-Economic Factors on Indonesia Education Disparity." International Education Studies 8, no. 12 (November 26, 2015): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n12p218.
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<p class="apa">Since 1998, regional governments in Indonesia have had greater autonomy due to the commencement of a reformation movement across Indonesia. Large portions of education management were delegated to the regional governments. Because of this, the education level varies strongly across Indonesia’ provinces. Referring to the data provided by the Indonesian Bureau of Statistics, it is found that Eastern Indonesia generally has a higher rate of uneducated than Western Indonesia. We review the current condition of Indonesian education in terms of regional disparity among eastern and western provinces and study the correlation between inequality in education and other related aspects, such as social and economic conditions. We find that inequality issues on socio-economic conditions are reflected in the education disparity between Eastern and Western Indonesia. By employing panel data with provinces as units of observations, we find that the difference in regional development among Indonesian provinces influences education issues. By evaluating the standard deviation of the statistic we were able to identify socio-economic factors that influence the regional education disparity.</p>
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Handoko, Rudi. "DEVELOPING LEADING ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR EASTERN INDONESIAN ECONOMY." Kajian Ekonomi dan Keuangan 1, no. 1 (November 9, 2017): 85–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.31685/kek.v1i1.243.
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The main reason for the construction of the leading indicators for Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Eastern Indonesia is the need for macro-economic policy decision making to obtain the up-to-date condition of the GRDP of Eastern Indonesia development. Using the methodology which was used by the OECD, the composite of leading index for GRDP of Eastern Indonesia has built with its components consist of the 24 variables of total 59 variables relevant to the economy of Eastern Indonesia. This study will contribute to knowledge in terms of the methods used would be adapted to the conditions in Indonesia in two unique characteristics of Indonesia. First, this method adjusts the local area economic conditions in Indonesia are very different in each region and secondly, we adjust the unique characteristics of seasonal patterns in Indonesia, namely the moving seasonal such as Chinese New Year and Idul Fitri.
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Wahyono, Nanang Dwi, Niswatin Hasanah, and Rita Parmawati. "The Role of Socio-economic Conditions, Energy Consumption, and Environmental Conditions on the Livestock Production in Indonesia." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 6 (November 28, 2022): 486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13729.
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Recently, livestock suffered from low production due to environmental issues that need researchers’ emphasis. Hence, the current study investigates the impact of socio-economic conditions such as income and education level, energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and economic growth on livestock production in Indonesia. The study has taken secondary data from a secondary source like World Development Indicators (WDI) from 1987 to 2020. The article also used the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to check the relationships among the variables used in the study. The findings exposed that the socio-economic conditions such as income and education level, energy consumption, and economic growth have a positive while CO2 has a negative linkage with livestock production in Indonesia. This article provides guidelines for new researchers while investigating this area in the future and also provides help to policymakers in developing policies related to resolving livestock production issues.
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Priyadi, Unggul, Eko Atmadji, Listya Endang Artiani, Shahrina Md Nordin, Muhammad Ridhuan Tony Lim Abdullah, Mochamad Ali Imron, Muhammad Alkirom Wildan, and Rohayu Che Omar. "Sustainable Energy Economic Policy: Population, Energy Consumption, and Macroeconomic Conditions." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 6 (November 28, 2022): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13578.
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This study examines and analyzes the energy economic policy of Indonesia with population, energy consumption and its macroeconomic condition in the short-run and long-run. In the long run, this study found that the non-renewable energy will be replaced with renewable energy. One of Indonesia's imported energy commodities is fuel and engine oil consumer goods. Based on the unit root test results, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model is the most appropriate model used in this study. The coefficient of determination indicated by the R-squared is 0.967579, which means the model can explain 96.8% of the international trade and its macroeconomic factors on the volume of imported fuel and engine oil in Indonesia. This study uses independent variables like total population, vehicle volume, gross domestic product (GDP), exchange rates, and foreign exchange reserves. These variables were fruitful in explaining the critical factors in the imported volume of fuel and engine oil, which are essential public goods used in daily activities and have to meet the people's consumption. In addition, the result reveals that the interesting thing is in the long run, the total population negatively affects fuel and engine oil imports in Indonesia.
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Febriandika, Nur Rizqi, and Cahyaningtiyas Rahayu. "The Impact of Climate Change on Economic Conditions: Evidence in Indonesia." JEJAK 14, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v14i2.29920.
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Climate change has consequences and influences on agricultural productivity, especially in tropical areas such as Indonesia. Agricultural produce contributes to the level of Gross Domestic Product. Climate change is a challenge for the environment that has the most extensive impact on the economic, natural resources, and agricultural sectors, even as a concern for climate change on agricultural production. So it is needed to discuss climate change which has an impact on various sectors, especially the economic sector. This research was carried out during 2016-2018 using all provinces in Indonesia. This study uses panel data regression method, and the chosen model is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) by displaying the effects of each region. The results of this study show that R-squared value is 0.990095 which means that 99% of independent variables collectively determine the value of GDP. Meanwhile, changes in temperature, increased rainfall, and increased air quality index partially have no effect on GDP. Only the extent of agricultural land area partially has a positive effect on GDP.
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Mukharom, Mukharom, B. Rini Heryanti, Dhian Indah Astanti, and Havis Aravik. "SHARIA ECONOMIC LEGAL CONTRIBUTION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA." Journal of Islamic Economics Perspectives 1, no. 2 (May 3, 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/jiep.v1i2.21.
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As part of the teachings of Islam, Islamic economic law is important to be taken into account in the formation of national law. Factually Islamic economic law is a living law (the living law) in Indonesian society since the entry of Islam into the archipelago. This research was conducted analytically descriptively, that is a study that described and described the conditions and facts in detail, systematically and thoroughly about the contribution of sharia economic law in economic development in Indonesia and the approach used was juridical empirical, so that the data used in this study namely primary data and secondary data. Primary data is collected by interviewing the subjects determined by the researchers, namely the authorized institutions / agencies, while secondary data is obtained from literature, legislation and related documents. The problem in this study is how the contribution of Islamic economic law to economic development in Indonesia. The results of his research are 1. Islamic economics as a surefire solution to poverty alleviation, this is very appropriate because the poor are not seen as a lazy party, but as a party that does not get access to a better life. Here in lies the difference between the Islamic and conventional economic systems. The Islamic economic system does not aim to accumulate as much wealth as possible. But, how a better life can be achieved together, the meaning is mutual help in the good between those who have excess property against those who need these assets. 2. The efforts to positivate the Islamic economy itself have actually been going on for a long time and this needs to be supported. 3. One of the problems now faced by the Islamic finance industry in Indonesia is the availability of quality human resources. The continued development of the Islamic finance and banking industry is driving the need for quality human resources. Economics is an integral part of Islamic teachings, and therefore Islamic economics will be realized only if Islamic teachings are fully believed and implemented. Islamic economics studies the economic behavior of individuals who are consciously guided by the teachings of Islam, the Koran and the Sunnah in solving the economic problems they face.
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Listyaningsih, Umi, and Sonyaruri Satiti. "Dinamika fertilitas dan prevalensi kontrasepsi di Indonesia." Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia 16, no. 2 (March 31, 2022): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jki.v16i2.595.
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The fertility dynamics are related to the direction of population policies and socio-economic conditions of the community. From the 1970s to 1990, Soeharto had succeeded in reducing fertility rates. Unfortunately, population control had weakened in 2000 when the government adopted regional autonomy. Consequently, population control was no longer a priority due to the merger of institutions with the full authority of population and family planning. In addition, improving the socio-economic conditions of society poses challenges to population control efforts. This paper aims to analyze fertility and contraceptive prevalence rate trend in Indonesia based on the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey data. The data were analyzed using inferential statistics. The results indicate socio-economic conditions affect people’s mindset in deciding the use of contraception and pregnancy. People are aware of birth control but tend not to use modern contraception and move to traditional contraception. The socio-economic improvement of women, which causes negative child value, is sufficiently a sufficient condition to maintain or reduce fertility. Other factors such as improvement of maternal education, maternal participation in work, and increased family welfare that is important to keep fertility at a low level.
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Sriyono, Sriyono. "STRATEGI KEBIJAKAN MONETER DI INDONESIA." JKMP (Jurnal Kebijakan dan Manajemen Publik) 1, no. 2 (November 7, 2016): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jkmp.v1i2.415.
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Generally, monetary policy was a policy to achieve macroeconomic stability, as price stability, economic growth and the availability of employment. All target was difficult be executed because the tradeoff between variables. Indonesia after the monetary crisis changes its strategy of monetary policy by using the framework of targeting inflation. During the implementation of the policy strategy, the level of success was not satisfying so it needed to be reviewed whether the strategy used appropriate according to economic conditions in Indonesia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Suralaya (Indonesia) Economic conditions"
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Zain, Rinduan. "Ethnicity and access to economic and governmental resources in Indonesia." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19703.
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Against the background of Indonesia's ethnic resurgence and social cleavage in the wake of the fall of Soeharto regime in mid-1998, this thesis seeks to identify the factors that have led to a particular incidence of this discord: the perceived inequity in access to economic and governmental resources, i.e., access to jobs in the public sector and to public health services. Taking modernization theory as its framework, the thesis compares the ascribed factor, i.e., Javanese or non-Javanese ethnicity, and certain other factors, i.e., level of education, region of origin and place of residence (urban or rural area) and evaluates the resulting data. The thesis argues that respondents who have a high level of education, live in a region closest to a national center and reside in an urban area, which are relatively more exposed to modernization, are better off in terms of access to economic and governmental resources regardless of their ethnic membership.
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Rubino, Chiara. "Aid, the public sector and the real exchange rate : the case of Indonesia." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/108481/.
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In 1965 the New Order Government took office in Indonesia, following years of severe economic turmoil. Since then the Indonesian economy has performed well, owing much to large oil export revenues and appropriate economic policies. This thesis presents a study of the Indonesian economy focused on three main themes: aid, the public sector and the real exchange rate (RER). In particular, we emphasise aid effectiveness on fiscal behaviour and on the RER. The thesis is organised in five chapters. Chapter 1 presents a synthetic overview of the main episodes in Indonesian economic history. Chapter 2 reviews theoretical and empirical issues on aid. Chapter 3 presents a dynamic model of government behaviour aimed at assessing aid’s impact on fiscal budget and on other real variables in the Indonesian economy. Following Heller’s seminal contribution (1975) and White’s new insights (1993), we insert the government sector into a simple macroeconomic framework: a constrained utility maximising framework which allows for feedback effects through higher income and dynamic linkages. The model is tested for the Indonesian case over the period 1968-93 and the estimated parameters are used to carry out a simulation exercise. We conclude with a positive assessment of aid giving, provided it is given in loans. Loans are found to encourage tax collection, public and private investment and consumption. Exchange rate management has played a significant role in Indonesia as an instrument to ensure competitiveness during and after the oil boom. Chapter 4 analyses the behaviour of the RER for the Indonesian rupiah and offers a theoretical and statistical background. Unit root testing has been extensively used to test for stationarity. We have consistently rejected the hypothesis of RER stationarity, except in those cases in which the full sample series have been used and/or two breaks have been allowed. Chapter 5 presents a modelling approach to RER determination. Following Edwards (1989), we present an econometric model of the RER and develop an extension of it in terms of the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM). Central to the analysis is the role of fundamentals, in particular aid and the price of oil, in determining the RER. The estimated parameters are then used to construct the equilibrium RER in order to study RER misalignment. Simulations are also carried out to investigate the impact of exogenous shocks and policy options on the RER. Results show that the Indonesian RER suffered from misalignment especially during the oil boom and until the early 1990’s. We also find that aid and the real price of oil do matter: both act as fundamental determinants of RER behaviour and contribute to RER stability, a finding confirmed by the simulation exercise. Interestingly, aid and government consumption appear to influence in differences and not in levels the RER.
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Prawiradinata, Muhamad Salmun. "Stability, elites and development policy in the new order Indonesia 1966-1983." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/111321.
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One of the most striking characteristics of Third World countries is
political instability. Although not all Third World states are politically unstable,
witness for example Saudi Arabia and Nepal, many nations of both
democratic and authoritarian leanings have experienced strong political
challenges in maintaining established political order and national unity. These
political challenges can take the forms of mass demonstration, riots or even
coups.
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Weinerman, Michael Alexander 1983. "Misleading Modernization: A Case for the Role of Foreign Capital in Democratization." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11986.
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x, 84 p. : ill.Modernization theory posits that economic growth and democratization are mutually constitutive processes. I extend a recent literature that finds this relationship to be spurious due to the existence of a number of international factors, specifically the role of foreign capital. Through two-stage least square (2SLS) regressions for as wide a sample as the data allow and two case studies (Indonesia and the Philippines), I find that the presence of US capital significantly influences domestic political institutions. This relationship, however, is non-linear and interrelated with exogenous shocks.
Committee in charge: Tuong Vu, Chairperson; Craig Parsons, Member; Karrie Koesel, Member; Will Terry, Member
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Habibie, Hasnawaty, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Environment and Agriculture. "Participatory action research to improve the livelihood of rural people through livestock production in South Sulawesi, Indonesia." THESIS_CSTE_EAG_Habibie_H.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/570.
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This research was conducted within the context of smallholder livestock production and government attempts to improve this through a transfer of technology approach. Participatory action research (PAR) was used to enable action for change to emerge, while the research provided understanding and a basis for this action. Tombolo village in South Sulawesi, Indonesia was the location for this research, which first identified the problems and needs of the farmers, and then participatively developed strategies to meet these needs. Fodder security throughout the year was found to be the major constraint to cattle production. Forage technology was introduced, including fodder tree legumes and grasses, resulting in improved livestock production and many associated livelihood benefits. The introduction of these new technologies was adapted by stakeholders to local issues and needs. The extension services had previously aimed to improve livestock production through breeding and veterinary health measures, and had assumed that sufficient fodder was available for livestock. The formation of a learning group of farmers, who used group discussion to set their own agenda, was employed to identify this shortcoming, and how to sustainably overcome it. Participants were able to apply their experience and enhance their cognitive skills to find new meanings and knowledge to plan and take actions to improve their practice and situation. This thesis documents the process of change required to move from a “Transfer of Technology” approach to a “learning approach”. The research has shown that there is considerable potential for the application of PAR to rural community development in Indonesia. More specifically in Tombolo village PAR enabled farmers and extension staff to be empowered by becoming active participants in the research process and take action to improve their own practice. It helped them to analyse the situation to make the technology more appropriate, while also learning how to change the extension methods used towards one in which all stakeholders became partners in developing their situationDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Usman, Abdullah. "Socio-economic factors influencing farmers' adoption of a new technology : the case study on the groundwater pump irrigation in Lombok, Indonesia." Title page, Abstract and Contents only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09au86.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 146-153. This thesis analyses factors influencing farmers use of groundwater pump irrigation in Lombok, Indonesia. It aims to identify the determinants of the speed of technology adoption, to identify factors affecting the levels of water use and to estimate the state of water use by comparing the actual water use to the estimated optimal water use.
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Putriana, Vima Tista. "Performance measurement of local government in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6808/.
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This study is about public sector performance measurement in the context of developing economies; more specifically, the study focuses on local government performance measurement systems as applied in Indonesia. Although there have been numerous research studies examining performance measurement, most empirical work has been undertaken in the context of developed economies. Performance measurement research in the milieu of developing economies is still very much underdeveloped and the progress is considerably much slower than those in developed economies. This study adopts an interpretive approach and applied case study research method in order, to develop an understanding of a) what drives the new performance measurement b) how it is designed and c) how it is used? The findings show that performance measurement in the context of developing economies tends to be driven by different reasons than compared to those developed economies. The findings also indicated developing economies encounter various challenges in designing and implementing performance measurement which eventually affected the use and usefulness of performance measurement. This study thus contributes to improve our understanding of the design, implementation and use of performance measurement in the context of developing economies. More specifically, it improves our understanding regarding (i) internal and external driving forces for performance measurement initiatives in the developing economies, (ii) the effectiveness of design, implementation and use, (iii) technical, organisational and institutional factors influencing design, implementation and use and the complex interactive effects of these three categories of factors, (iv) the interdependence between design, implementation and use, and (v) the complex conflicts of interest among different stakeholders in this context.
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Wahyuni, Ekawati Sri. "The impact of migration upon family structure and functioning in Java." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw1368.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 444-460). A study based on a case study with integrated macro and micro approaches to investigate some effects of the development and industrialisation processes in Indonesia.
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Kwan, Yee-fai Mike. "A comparative study of the growth triangles in Asian Pacific rim : lessons for regional development planning /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18039972.
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Heilmann, Sarah. "Life-chances of children in Indonesia : the links between parental resources and children's outcomes in the areas of nutrition, cognition and health." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/954/.
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The majority of children in the developing world are suffering from hardship and poverty, and are not able to reach their full potential. This thesis focuses on the relationship between parental resources and children’s outcomes in the areas of nutrition, cognition and physical health in Indonesia. The life-stages early childhood to young adulthood are crucial for human capital formation. Nutrition, cognition and physical health are key human capitals that are important both as a means to achieve wellbeing and as an end in their own right. They have been identified as some of the main routes for changes in well-being over the life-course and as significant pathways for breaking intergenerational poverty cycles. Disadvantages in these domains are especially salient in developing countries. Yet, evidence is still limited due to lack of appropriate data. Here, data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) is used, a rich panel data set consisting of four waves of data spanning a period of 14 years. I study a cohort of children who are less than three years old in the first wave of the IFLS and for whom relevant outcomes can be observed. While the availability of longitudinal data from IFLS is very important, the setup and design of the data presented an enormous challenge: unlike with longitudinal datasets from developed countries, such as the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) or the cohort studies, the IFLS data is presented more or less in raw form. In order to facilitate a critical and careful approach to working with this kind of complicated raw data, I completed two self-organized research stays with the IFLS team in which I witnessed the data collection and interviewed IFLS team members. This helped me to understand the questionnaire and measures better and to identify the strongest parts of the IFLS: the self-collected measures for children – namely the physical health measures height and lung capacity (collected by specially trained nurses) as well as a cognitive measure – the Raven’s coloured progressive matrices. These are unique features for a general household survey in a developing country context and constitute important child outcomes. As a starting point from which to ask more specific research questions concerning the three types of children's outcomes, I synthesized research from relevant domains such as neuroscience, social science, childhood studies and economics. Chapter 1, 2 and 3 constitute the setup of the research by detailing the motivation and background for the research, the conceptual frameworks, literature reviews, data and methodology as well as the research questions. Chapter 4, 5 and 6 are the empirical chapters investigating the aforementioned child outcomes in detail. Chapter 4 entitled: “Children’s nutritional status in early life and dynamics into adolescence” investigates firstly, to what extent parental resources are associated with children experiencing stunting in early childhood and in adolescence. Results for parental resources for stunting in early childhood reveal protective factors which include mother’s height and direct measures of living standards. For stunting in adolescence the importance of parental resources as protective factors increases (mother’s height is stronger related and father’s height is now significant as is household consumption as a measure of financial resources). The association with direct living standards decreases. Secondly, I investigate if there are stunting dynamics – that is, movement in and out of stunting between early childhood and adolescence. For dynamics of stunting I use transition matrices to show that entries and exits from stunting occur over children’s entire life-course (not just in early childhood). Movements into stunted growth decrease the older children get but are still around 6% between middle childhood (7-10 years old) and adolescence (14-17 years old). Movements out of stunted growth occur over the whole life-course of children with the highest exit rates of around 19% between ages 7-10 years and 14-17 years. My results support Adair’s study for the Philippines (1999) and Schott and Crookston’s recent research for Peru (2013). In Chapter 5, I investigate children’s cognitive outcomes – i.e. Raven’s coloured progressive matrices and math scores. Firstly, I examine to what extent children’s growth status in early childhood and change in growth is associated with cognitive test results in adolescence. Secondly, to what extent parental resources are associated with children’s cognitive test results. One key result indicates a significant positive association between initial/early height-for-age (HAZ) and cognitive test scores. This could support the hypothesis on early sensitive periods for cognitive development and the important role of pre– and post natal influences up to the early childhood measure. However, I also find evidence that changes in growth into middle childhood (i.e. the residual HAZ between early and later childhood) is significant positive associated with children’s cognitive test scores. This supports the hypothesis of the plasticity of the brain beyond early years. Chapter 6 is about children’s physical health measure of lung capacity. I investigate to what extent children’s growth status in early life and growth dynamics into adolescence are associated with children’s lung capacity. Further, I examine to what extent parental resources are associated with children’s lung capacity. A key result is that in terms of parental resources there is a strong positive association between father’s and mother’s lung capacity and their children in adolescence. Also maternal years of schooling is significantly associated. I do not find a significant positive association between initial/early height-for-age (HAZ) and lung capacity. This would work against the hypothesis on early sensitive periods and rather point to the importance of changes in growth after early childhood for children’s lung capacity development. The change in growth into middle childhood (residual HAZ) is significant positively associated with children’s lung capacity. These result differ from what I find for cognitive outcomes where early growth status and changes in growth are both relevant. Chapter 7 discusses recommendations for future research; for example, how new data collection efforts in Indonesia could contribute to closing evidence gaps on children’s life chances identified in this thesis by collecting birth cohort data or extending the IFLS. I also address implications for policy covering recommendations for more holistic childhood interventions, the kind of support provided and targeting of vulnerable children. Evidence on children’s life chances from Indonesia is very limited. I set out to make a contribution in providing evidence on child outcomes that are uniquely featured in the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). My key concern is to study the intergenerational determinants of child outcomes – that is, asking to what extent parental resources are linked to the level of children’s nutrition, cognition, and health but also the intra-generational link – that is to what extent nutritional status is linked to later growth dynamics and other child outcomes such as cognitive and health outcomes. To the best of my knowledge, there are very few previous studies for Indonesia that investigate these important child outcomes, especially with the focus on the intergenerational and life-course determinants.
Books on the topic "Suralaya (Indonesia) Economic conditions"
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Perekonomian Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: Lembaga Penerbit, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Indonesia, 1989.
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Nehen, I. Ketut. Perekonomian Indonesia. Denpasar, Bali: Udayana University Press, 2012.
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Setyobudi, Agustitin. Perekonomian Indonesia. Jakarta: RM, 2015.
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Tambunan, Tulus. Perekonomian Indonesia. Ciawi, Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia, 2009.
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Laksono, Dandhy Dwi. Indonesia for sale. Edited by Rahman Hadi 1979-. Surabaya: Pedati, 2009.
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Laksono, Dandhy Dwi. Indonesia for sale. Surabaya: Pedati, 2009.
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Prasetiantono, A. Tony. Antologi ekonomi Indonesia. Yogyakarta: BPFE, 1990.
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Tedjo, Sasongko. Penampilan ekonomi Indonesia. [Semarang]: ISEI Cabang Semarang dan Yayasan Bina Usaha Mandiri, 1994.
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Wibisono, Christianto. Kearah Indonesia Inc. [Jakarta]: Yayasan Management Informasi, 1985.
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Leirissa, R. Z. Sejarah perekonomian Indonesia. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Suralaya (Indonesia) Economic conditions"
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Amri, Puspa D. "Socio-Economic Conditions and Indonesian Democratic Support." In Society and Democracy in South Korea and Indonesia, 125–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06267-4_7.
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Pham, Van Thuy. "Economic Conditions of Indonesia and Vietnam in Pre-independence Era, 1910s–1945." In Beyond Political Skin, 1–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3711-6_1.
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Nazhifa, A., and R. A. Baskoro. "The influence of economic conditions on the penetration and density of life insurance companies in Indonesia for the period 2016–2020." In Sustainable Future: Trends, Strategies and Development, 144–47. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003335832-37.
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Human, Soeranto, Sihono, and Wijaya Murti Indriatama. "Mutation breeding of sorghum to support climate-smart agriculture." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 120–26. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0012.
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Abstract Global climate change effects in agricultural fields often increase plant stress. For mitigating the negative effects of climate change, climate-smart agricultural policies should be developed, for example through the improvement of crop adaptability, productivity and quality in environments impacted by climate change. Attempts to increase crop genetic variability must be sought to aid in mitigating adverse consequences of climate change. For that purpose, mutation breeding plays an important role since it can increase genetic variation of important crops. By selecting desired mutant genotypes, the plant breeder can advance their germplasm by progressing lines with good adaptability, high productivity and quality under adverse conditions. For Indonesia, significant adverse impacts of climate change have appeared in some agricultural regions, such as prolonged drought problems in the east. To face the worsening conditions brought about by climate change and variability, a crop was sought that would require less agricultural input, being drought tolerant, having good adaptability and with high economic value. The choice fell on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). In certain areas sorghum is recognized as a source of food, feed and fuel. Mutation breeding of sorghum has been conducted at the Centre for Isotopes and Radiation Application (CIRA) of the National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN). Sorghum mutation breeding is relevant to the national programme on food and energy diversification to support food and energy security in the country. The breeding objectives are to improve sorghum genotypes for improved yield and quality, and with tolerance to adverse conditions brought about by climate change, especially prolonged drought. Three sorghum mutant varieties have now been obtained and are being developed further by stakeholders. Sorghum cultivation in Indonesia has made significant impacts on mitigating the effects of climate change and supporting the food and energy diversification programme for maintaining food and energy security in the country. It has also promoted economic growth in rural areas impacted by climate change.
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Santy, Raeni Dwi, and Refi Mayasari Buhari. "Economic Impact and Current Results of Urbanization." In Urbanization and Migration as Factors Affecting Global Economic Development, 130–47. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-7328-1.ch008.
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The growth of the urban population in Indonesia is commonly fast due to permanently inclinig urbanization flows. This chapter considers the most important factors of Indonesian urbanization and its positive and negative effects in current conditions to discover directions for modernization of the governmental role in regulation and control of urbanization processes. Special issues of this chapter are concentrated around the problem of urbanization's role in development of Indonesia (national and regional level), national labor and internal migration policy, and niveling disbalance between urban and rural areas. Finally, this chapter includes special conclusions and reccommendations for modernization of national and regonal programs oriented to optimise internal conditions of urbanization development in Indonesia that are based on the best achievements of international experience and use local Indonesian features of urbanization.
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Santy, Raeni Dwi, and Refi Mayasari Buhari. "Economic Impact and Current Results of Urbanization." In E-Planning and Collaboration, 996–1013. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5646-6.ch047.
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The growth of the urban population in Indonesia is commonly fast due to permanently inclinig urbanization flows. This chapter considers the most important factors of Indonesian urbanization and its positive and negative effects in current conditions to discover directions for modernization of the governmental role in regulation and control of urbanization processes. Special issues of this chapter are concentrated around the problem of urbanization's role in development of Indonesia (national and regional level), national labor and internal migration policy, and niveling disbalance between urban and rural areas. Finally, this chapter includes special conclusions and reccommendations for modernization of national and regonal programs oriented to optimise internal conditions of urbanization development in Indonesia that are based on the best achievements of international experience and use local Indonesian features of urbanization.
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GOUYON, Anne. "ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF RUBBER AGROFORESTRY IN THE DIPTEROCARP ECOSYSTEMS OF INDONESIA." In Dipterocarp Forest Ecosystems: Towards Sustainable Management, 369–88. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814261043_0017.
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Doner, Richard F., Gregory W. Noble, and John Ravenhill. "The Philippines and Indonesia." In The Political Economy of Automotive Industrialization in East Asia, 127–54. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197520253.003.0005.
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Where Thailand succeeded at extensive development, the Philippines and Indonesia long floundered. Both countries initiated systematic automotive industrialization efforts in the early 1970s. The Philippines developed a detailed program to combine local supplier upgrading with MNC (multinational corporation)-linked exports, whereas Indonesia pursued a more straightforward intensive development strategy aimed at a complete value chain based on local assemblers and suppliers. Neither succeeded. Permissive conditions—weak external threats, limited popular pressure, and relatively easy access to foreign exchange—undermined policy stability and hindered both countries’ efforts at developing institutions capable of strengthening local firms and linkages. Occasional moves toward more extensive development occurred in response to the sporadic tightening of economic pressures. These nevertheless resulted in distinctly different levels of progress: Indonesia has gradually begun to rival Thailand as an MNC assembly base, whereas despite the Philippines’ early status as an automotive pioneer, its auto industry has remained a case of “arrested development.”
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Zhou, Taomo. "The Ambivalent Alliance between Beijing and Jakarta." In Migration in the Time of Revolution, 132–51. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501739934.003.0008.
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This chapter explores Beijing's strategic collaborations with Jakarta through the second Afro-Asia Conference, the Game of the New Emerging Forces (GANEFO), and konfrontasi—Indonesia's campaign to block Britain's plan to merge the remains of its former Southeast Asian colonies into the Federation of Malaysia. However, closer bilateral relations failed to prevent anti-Chinese riots in Indonesia. In May 1963, shortly after Liu Shaoqi's historic visit to Indonesia, which was the first visit by a head of state of the People's Republic of China, a chain of anti-Chinese riots broke out in West Java. Unlike the government-led anti-Chinese acts in 1959–60, the attacks against ethnic Chinese in 1963 were eruptions of popular discontent sparked by economic conditions. Meanwhile, the two countries' common struggle against the Western imperialist presence in Southeast Asia led to new discord. Beijing and Jakarta clashed over policies toward the ethnic Chinese in Malaya, the Chinese-dominated Communist guerillas in Sarawak, and the Chinese-majority country of Singapore.
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Laksmana, Evan A. "Pragmatic Equidistance." In China, The United States, and the Future of Southeast Asia. NYU Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479866304.003.0004.
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This chapter describes the rationale and nature of Indonesia’s foreign policy vis-à-vis the United States and China. It places Indonesia’s foreign policy pertaining to these two countries within the broader context of Jakarta’s management of great power relations. The author argues that Indonesia’s approach can be described as “pragmatic equidistance.” This approach captures the idea of fully engaging one great power in various forms of cooperation—from economic to defense—while simultaneously both maintaining strategic autonomy and keeping equal balance with other great powers. Put differently, it is about how a developing country with a rising regional and global profile like Indonesia can fully exploit the benefits of strategic partnerships with different great powers while maintaining autonomy and not being pegged as too close to one great power at the expense of another. The author further argues that Indonesia’s pragmatic equidistance with the United States and China is a function of (1) the historical legacies of bilateral relations, (2) the end of authoritarian rule in 1998 and the ensuing democratization process, and (3) the changing strategic environment in the broader Indo-Pacific. These conditions overlap and help explain the persistent ambiguity in the triangular Indonesia-U.S.-China relations.
Conference papers on the topic "Suralaya (Indonesia) Economic conditions"
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Sarmita, I. Made, and Ida Bagus Made Astawa. "The Covid-19 Pandemic Destroys the Economic Conditions of Community Households? (Case in South Kuta-Bali)." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Law, Social Sciences, and Education, ICLSSE 2021, 09 September 2021, Singaraja, Bali, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.9-9-2021.2313642.
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M, Festy, Aris Sudiyanto, Argyo Demartoto, and Sapja Anantanyu. "A Scope of Qualitative and Quantitative About Representation of Social, Economic, Psychological and Health Conditions of Indirex Female Sex Worker Reproduction During the Covid-19." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Law, Social Science, Economics, and Education, ICLSSEE 2021, March 6th 2021, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.6-3-2021.2306474.
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Liu, Xuhui, Yifan Yu, and Xin Sui. "Neighborhood Environment and the Elderly’s Subject Well-being." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/evqy6355.
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Background: In the context of an aging society, the physical and mental health and quality of life of the elderly have received more and more attention. Among them, in the field of mental health of the elderly, subject well-being is an important concern. Many studies have shown that the environment has a certain impact on people's mental health. In the field of landscape, public health and architecture, most of the studies focus on the natural environment, including the number and proportion of green space, the distance to green space, the characteristics of green space, as well as the building density, building form, road network density and layout in the built environment. However, in China, the specific environment elements that are more comprehensive and more closely linked with urban planning and management need to be studied. Objectives: Relevant research shows that more than 80% of the activities of the elderly are completed within 1 km of the neighborhood. This study takes neighborhood environment as the main research area and research object. The objectives include: 1, to find the status of the elderly’s subject well-being in Shanghai; 2, to find the impact of the neighborhood environmental factors on the subject well-being of the elderly; and therefore, 3, to put forward some suggestions for neighborhood planning to promote the subject well-being of the elderly. Methods: Based on the data of the Fourth Survey on the Living Conditions of the Elderly in Urban and Rural Areas of China, 3431 urban residential samples in Shanghai were selected and analyzed in this study. The subject well-being comes from the question, "General speaking, do you feel happy?" Options include five levels, ranging from very happy to very unhappy. According to the existing literature and the specific requirements of Shanghai urban planning compilation and management, the environmental factors are summarized as 20 indicators in four aspects: natural environment, housing conditions, urban form and facility environment. According to the sample address, the environmental factors indicators are calculated in GIS. The data are analyzed by the method of path analysis in Mplus7.4. Results: 70.9% of the respondents felt very happy or happy, while only 2.2% of the respondents said they were unhappy or very unhappy. Non-agricultural household registration, higher education, better self-rated economic status of the elderly, the better of the subject well-being of the elderly. Under the control of the basic characteristics and socio-economic attributes of the elderly, the per capita green space area, housing construction area, road network density and location conditions have a significant impact on the well-being of the elderly. Conclusion: Under the control of socio-economic variables, community environment can significantly affect the subjective well-being of the elderly. In the planning of community life circle, improving the level of green space per capita in the community, improving the housing conditions of the elderly, and building a high-density road network system are effective measures to promote the subject well-being of the elderly.
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Firdaus, I. A. "What Hit and Miss in Indonesia CBM Project : Empirical Study Slowing Down Factors CBM Development and Propose Suitable Action for CBM Development in Indonesia by Using Analytical Hierarch Process." In Indonesian Petroleum Association 44th Annual Convention and Exhibition. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa21-bc-32.
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In 2008, the first Coal Bed Methane (CBM) PSC was signed in Indonesia. To date, 54 CBM PSCs have been awarded to explore and develop CBM Block in Indonesia. Twelve years later, only one PSC has submitted a Plan of Development but has not yet produced gas commercially. Most CBM PSCs have been struggling during the 10 years’ exploration period and some may receive extensions for 3 years under specific conditions. The lack of integrated authorities’ approval in the overlay of coal mining and natural gas production areas has become a great obstacle for CBM Development. Besides that, the government regulations in CBM activities have defects in PSC contract terms that may lead marginal economic value for contractors, especially due to high investment during the early development (C. Irawan, 2017). On the other hand, drilling regulations, Pipe Classing standards and Testing Standards following the Oil and Gas standards are too expensive for CBM Investment. According to our observations, CBM Regulations in Indonesia should be modified starting from the Exploration period, Production Sharing Contract Terms and Standard Operating Procedures to suit Indonesian CBM characteristics. Good coordination within government departments is a must for the success of CBM Exploration and Development.
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Lu, Qing, Liyan Xu, Zhen Cai, and Xiao Peng. "The spectrum of metropolitan areas across the world, and detection of potential metropolitan areas with Chinese characteristics." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/sdgu8646.
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When people talk about the Metropolitan Area (MA), they mean differently in different parts of the world with different contexts. Based on its spatial extent, internal structure, socio-economic function, and network characteristics, an MA can refer to various entities from a metropolis to a Megacity-region. In an effort to clarify the MA concept, we review the origin of the MA concept and its development in various parts of the world, especially the United States, Japan and China, so as to propose a spectrum of MAs, and their relationship with specific human and natural geographical contexts. Particularly, we find MAs in China typically have a unique three-circle structure, which is composed of a core circle, a commuting circle, and a functional metropolitan circle. By international comparable standards which include factors such as population density, facility density, and economic activity intensity, and adjusted with reasonable context-dependent considerations in China, the three circles are designated as follows: the spatial extent with the highest development intensity and assuming a central regional role is identified as the core circle; the districts and counties around the core circle with a commuting rate greater than 10% are identified as the commuting circle; and the districts and counties within an one-hour accessible zone are identified as the functional metropolitan circle. To test the model, we utilize eight sources of big data covering ecological background, population, economy, transportation, real estate, land use, infrastructure, and culture characteristics, and with a fusion analysis of the data we show how the factors combined give rise to the three-circle structure in typical Chinese MAs, and why the combination of the same factors in the US and Japanese contexts works otherwise to fill different niches in the spectrum of MAs mentioned above. For a further inquiry, within the framework of the same model and using the same dataset, we identify 32 cities from all 338 prefecture-level cities in China that would qualify as an MA or potential MA, which we call “the Metropolitan Areas with Chinese Characteristics”, and designate the spatial extent of the three circles within each of the MAs. Additional analyses are also conducted to locate the main development corridors, key growth poles, and currently underdeveloped regions in each of the MAs. We conclude the paper with discussions of potential challenges of MA development in China vis-a-vis current policies, such as cross-administration collaboration between jurisdictions within the same MA, and cross-scale collaboration between MAs, cities, and city groups. Placing the research in the global context, and considering the vast similarities between China and other developing countries in terms of population density, land resources, urbanization level, and socio-economic development status in general, we argue that China’s model of MAs may be also applicable to other developing countries. Therefore, this research may shed lights to planning researchers and practitioners around the world, especially in developing countries in understanding the development conditions of MAs in their own contexts, and also in methods for identifying and planning potential MAs to achieve their specific policy objectives.
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Marat-Mendes, Teresa, and João Cunha Borges. "The role of food in re-imagining the city." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/dzri9995.
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Humanity is now believed to live in a new geological epoch, the Anthropocene, as changes have been reported on the atmosphere, air, water, and soil, but also on societal perceptions of these issues. This presentation departs from the theoretical assumption that the impact of the abovementioned changes on culture and the environment have not yet found a stable influence on urban planning. This presentation overviews the implications of the food system within urban planning while considering it as a socio-technical system which integrates production, distribution, transformation, consumption and disposal patterns. The production phase of the food system in particular, emerges as a fundamental planning challenge, extending to urban form solutions, individual behaviours, dietary regimes, inequalities in foodsheds planning, and the cultural capital of food. Accordingly, the food system emerges here as an opportunity to identify how current urban fabrics of cities and their rural and regional hinterlands can be transformed in terms of their metabolic function and respond to the needs of people and the environment. To do so, this presentation introduces the preliminary results of an analysis conducted by an ongoing research project SPLACH – Spatial Planning for Change, at two particular scales: the region and the neighbourhood. Thus, while focusing in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA), in Portugal, we provide an analysis of the Regional Plan as well as of specific residential neighbourhoods located in LMA, regarding the relationship between the food system functioning and urban planning approaches. The analysis includes a comparative number of case studies which differ in urban form solutions, socio-economic conditions, but also geographical location. The results support the request for a stronger integration of the above-identified underexplored topics of the food system within urban planning, which will be fundamental to inform a new theory of the city that makes any serious contribution towards a sustainability transition.
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Papamichail, Theodora, and Ana Peric. "Informal planning: a tool towards adaptive urban governance." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/mcur1568.
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Formal planning instruments and procedures have often been unpopular and ineffective for solving complex spatial issues, such as urban sprawl or transport congestion. As a result, such conflicts turn into complex planning tasks that usually exceed the provisioned time and funding, especially when faced with adversarial interests of actors from different organisations, sectors or social groups. Hence, informal planning, as a non-binding supplement to official planning instruments, is often considered highly effective. In its broadest sense, informal planning includes the principles of collaborative dialogue, diverse networks, trustful relationships and tailor-made processes among interested parties. Consequently, informal planning processes foster sound decision-making delivering a spectrum of problem-oriented solutions and increasing public consensus, while enacting experimentation, learning, change, and the creation of shared meanings among stakeholders. However, informal planning cannot be taken for granted – it is strongly interwoven with the planning culture influenced by the historical and political background, and the current socio-economic conditions. This paper revolves around several pillars. After an introductory section, a brief historical overview firstly identifies the place of informal planning in various planning models that have appeared since the 1960s. More specifically, informal planning is analysed against the theoretical concept of collaborative rationality. Finally, the paper focuses on a specific informal planning procedure called the ‘test planning method’, being analysed against the previously elaborated theoretical background. As this instrument links both formal and informal planning, its comparison and interrelation with the theoretical background of collaborative rationality contributes to elucidating the following attributes of adaptive (collaborative) urban governance: 1) flexible and agile institutional arrangements supportive to various kinds of urban planning mechanisms (not only official tools), 2) proactive and imaginative planners ready to accept solutions created outside the technical domain of instrumental rationality, and 3) inclusion of numerous stakeholders to exchange various information and different types of knowledge, i.e. expert and experiential knowledge. Observed through the example of the test planning method, the article finally highlights the successful aspects of informal planning, however, pointing also to its shortcomings, which could be expected in the societies with a lack of key democratic elements
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Lobis, Yusuf Bachtiyar, Bhisma Murti, and Hanung Prasetya. "Influences of Peer Support Group and Psychosocio- Economic Determinants on Treatment Compliance in Hiv/Aids Patients in Sragen, Central Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.59.
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Background: Adherence to treatment is important to reduce viral replication, improve clinical and immunological conditions, reduce the risk of developing ARV resistance, and reduce the risk of HIV transmission. Peer support is suspected to be one of the factors driving drug intake adherence in patients with chronic disease. This study aimed to examine the influences of peer support and psychosocio-economic determinants on treatment compliance in HIV/AIDS patients. Subjects and Method: This was a case control design study conducted in Sragen, Central Java, Indonesia. A sample of 200 people with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was treatment compliance. The independent variables were knowledge toward HIV/AIDS, perceived benefit, perceived belief, perceived threat, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived barrier, attitude, indirect experience, family support, and peer support. The data were obtained from medical record and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13. Results: Treatment compliance increased with strong peer support (b= 1.34; 95% CI= 0.31 to 2.38; p= 0.011), strong family support (b= 1.09; 95% CI= 0.16 to 2.02; p= 0.021), knowledge toward HIV/AIDS (b= 1.65; 95% CI= 0.67 to 2.64; p= 0.001), high perceived benefit (b= 1.23; 95% CI= 0.28 to 2.18; p= 0.011), perceived belief (b= 2.05; 95% CI= 0.98 to 3.12; p<0.001), and high perceived threat (b= 1.22; 95% CI= 0.30 to 2.13; p= 0.009). Treatment compliance decreased with negative attitude (b= -2.47; 95% CI= -3.58 to -1.37; p <0.001), low perceived susceptibility (b= -1.26; 95% CI= -2.24 to – 0.27; p= 0.012), low perceived seriousness (b= -1.11; 95% CI= -2.06 to -0.16; p=0.021), high perceived barrier (b= -1.76; 95% CI= -2.81 to -0.70; p= 0.001), and indirect experience (b= -1.10; 95% CI= -2.05 to -0.14; p= 0.024). Conclusion: Treatment compliance increases with strong peer support, strong family support, high knowledge toward HIV/AIDS, high perceived benefit, perceived belief, and high perceived threat. Treatment compliances decrease with negative attitude, low perceived susceptibility, low perceived seriousness, high perceived barrier, and indirect experience. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, treatment compliance, peer support, psychosocial economy Correspondence: Yusuf Bachtiyar Lobis. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: bachtiyar03@gmail.com. Mobile: +628111388841. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.59
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Tapia Olivas, Juan Carlos, René Delgado Rendón, Emilio Hernández Martínez, Felipe Noh Pat, Eric Efrén Villanueva Vega, and María Cristina Castañón Bautista. "Evaluation of Wave Energy in the Pacific Ocean for Baja California State in Mexico." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52857.
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According to the World Energy Council (WEC) the estimated energy of the wave power in the world is in the range of 8,000 to 80,000 TWh/year to depths of 100 meters or higher and actually the utilization of wave energy resource it is possible because it has been implemented in countries like Australia, Indonesia, Nigeria, United Kingdom, Norway, Portugal and Colombia evaluating different types of marine technologies that take the advantage of the kinetic energy in the ocean waves. Mexico according to the National Institute of Statistics and Information (INEGI) has a land area of 1,972,550 km2 of which has a coastline of 11,150 km having potential for the use of their coasts. Baja California with a land area of 71,445 km2 (3.6% of the country) is located on a peninsula in northwest Mexico and has 720 km of coastline on the Pacific Ocean (6.4% nationally) with a range of depths of 25.6 m to 650 m at a distance of the coastline of 15 km, which makes it suitable to evaluate the use of wave energy at local sites. With the completion of this work will contribute to the characterization of the sites that will present the best technical and economic conditions for its implementation, considering the physical characteristics of the site as well as connection points on the transmission lines operated by the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE). For the preparation of this study was carried out in three stages: a) Site Selection, b) Evaluation of Wave Energy and c) Economic evaluation of sites using RETScreen. Based on the characteristics of the coast of Baja California the results obtained are the following: 1) 18 sites were selected with a sea depth averaged of 50 m, the annual density power was 7.5 kW/m, this represents a potential of 210 MW considering an average length of 2 km in each site, 2) The economic evaluation of this type of project was for a period of 30 years in RETScreen, considers an annual inflation rate of 5% and obtains an investment cost of 9,538 US $/kW for this type of generation. We conclude that this source of energy will reduce dependence on fossil fuels and contribute to the generation of electricity in the state of Baja California diversifying the energetic matrix state by the use of clean and renewable sources, which represents an investment opportunity between the public and private sector.
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Sajjad, Farasdaq, Jemi Jaenudin, Steven Chandra, Alvin Wirawan, Annisa Prawesti, M. Gemareksha Muksin, Wisnu Agus Nugroho, Ecep Muhammad Mujib, and Savinatun Naja. "Data-Driven Multi-Asset Optimisation Under Uncertainty: A Case Study Using the New Indonesia's Fiscal Policy." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21425-ms.
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Abstract Optimizing multiple assets under uncertain techno-economic conditions and tight government policies is challenging. Operator needs to establish flexible Plan of Development (POD)s and put priority in developing multiple fields. The complexity of production and the profit margin should be simultaneously evaluated. In this work, we present a new workflow to perform such a rigorous optimization under uncertainty using the case study of PHE ONWJ, Indonesia. We begin the workflow by identifying the uncertain parameters and their prior distributions. We classify the parameters into three main groups: operations-related (geological complexity, reserves, current recovery, surface facilities, and technologies), company-policies-related (future exploration plan, margin of profit, and oil/gas price), and government-related (taxes, incentives, and fiscal policies). A unique indexing technique is developed to allow numerical quantification and adapt with dynamic input. We then start the optimization process by constructing time-dependent surrogate model through training with Monte Carlo sampling. We then perform optimization under uncertainty with multiple scenarios. The objective function is the overall Net Present Value (NPV) obtained by developing multiple fields. This work emphasizes the importance of the use of time-dependent surrogate approach to account risk in the optimization process. The approach revises the prior distribution with narrow-variance distribution to make reliable decision. The Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) with Sobol decomposition on the posterior distribution and surrogate provides parameters’ ranking and list of heavy hitters. The first output from this workflow is the narrow-variance posterior distribution. This result helps to locate the sweet spots. By analyzing them, operator can address specific sectors, which are critical to the NPV. PHE ONWJ, as the biggest operator in Indonesia, has geologically scattered assets, therefore, this first output is essential. The second output is the list of heavy hitters from GSA. This list is a tool to cluster promising fields for future development and prioritize their development based on the impact towards NPV. Since all risks are carried by the operator under the current Gross Split Contract, this result is advantageous for decision-making process. We introduce a new approach to perform time-dependent, multi-asset optimization under uncertainty. This new workflow is impactful for operators to create robust decision after considering the associated risks.