Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Supramolecular Phosphine'

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1

Larkin, Scott A. "Synthesis and Supermolecular Chemistry of Biphenylthioatogold(I)Phosphine Complexes." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/LarkinSA2007.pdf.

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2

Zhu, Chongwei. "Advances in the coordination chemistry of nitroaromatic phosphines : synthesis and supramolecular chemistry of alkyl/aryl carbo-benzene derivatives." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30281/document.

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Le manuscrit est divisé en six chapitres et deux parties indépendantes, la première étant consacrée à l'étude de l'effet de substituants nitro sur des ligands phosphines aromatiques (L). Une série de (N-phényl-benzimidazol-1-yl)diphénylphosphines substituées par 1 à 3 groupes nitro à différentes positions des noyaux N-phényle et benzimidazolyle, a été synthétisée, et comparée au parent non nitré et à l'homologue N-méthyl-benzimidazolium cationique. Dans les complexes trans-L2RhICl(CO) correspondants, des variations faibles mais systématiques de la fréquence d'élongation C=O IR et du déplacement chimique RMN 103Rh fournissent une quantification empirique des effets régio-spécifiques des substituants nitro sur le caractère donneur global du ligand. Les produits secondaires dinucléaires (µ-CO)(LRhCl)2 donnent des cristaux de clathrate uniques à teneur élevée (6,7:1) en solvate de dichlorométhane. La deuxième partie, regroupant cinq chapitres, concerne l'étude de nouveaux types de carbo-mères fortement p-conjugués, principalement conçus pour pallier la faible solubilité limitante du noyau carbo-benzène. La synthèse et la caractérisation des hexaaryl-carbo-benzènes de référence sont revisitées. Une voie de synthèse en 12 étapes améliorée du dérivé hexaphényle connu et de l'homologue p-bis-3,5-di-tert-butylphényle est décrite. Les deux carbo-benzènes ont été entièrement caractérisés, en particulier par analyse par diffraction des rayons X et par électrochimie. Leur utilisation dans les cellules solaires photovoltaïques organiques s'est avérée freinée par leur faible solubilité empêchant la formation de couches minces de haute qualité. Le troisième chapitre porte sur une série de p-dialkyl-tétraphényl-carbo-benzènes à deux chaînes aliphatiques R = CnH2n +1, n = 2, 4, 8, 14, 20. Leur synthèse basée sur l'addition nucléophile de RMgBr sur la [6]péricyclynedione clé conduit à la fois aux dialkyl- et mono-alkyl-carbo-benzènes réduits, le processus de réduction étant supprimé en utilisant un réactif RLi/CeCl3. Une augmentation spectaculaire de la solubilité dans les solvants chlorés a été observée pour n = 8. Un empilement p-p direct des cycles en C18, guidé par les forces de dispersions aliphatiques, a été montré pour la première fois dans la structure cristalline du dérivé bis-tétradécyle, appuyant l'existence de l'allotrope du carbone 3D ?-graphityne (carbo-mère putatif du graphite). Le quatrième chapitre décrit deux trialkoxyaryléthynyl-tétraphényl-carbo-benzènes et l'étude des propriétés mésogènes de l'un d'entre eux. Une mésophase rectangulaire colonnaire, mise en évidence à 115 °C par des analyses DSC, POM et PXRD, ouvre des perspectives pour une étude systématique des cristaux liquides apparentés. Les constantes du réseau 3D sont cohérentes avec les images STM 2D du carbo-mésogène sur HOPG. Le cinquième chapitre décrit trois carbo-mères de squelette de bis- et ter-phényles, conçus pour leur relation aux fils moléculaires OPP ou OPE. Un carbo-terphényle a montré un très faible potentiel de réduction (-0,39 V/SCE), sans précédent en série carbo-mère. Dans le dernier chapitre, de nouveaux types de carbo-mères sont illustrés: les carbo-barrélènes et les carbo-stilbènes. Leur préparation repose sur l'addition de triyne dinucléophiles sur un ou deux équivalents d'un précurseur [6]péricyclyne (di)one. Dans la série tricyclique, deux carbo-barrélènes non macro-aromatiques et un dérivé bis-butatriénique partiellement réduit, se sont révélés suffisamment stables pour permettre une caractérisation complète, y compris par cristallographie. Le rôle de cage d'un carbo-barrélène vis-à-vis de petites molécules telles que NH4+, même si elle n'a pas encore été clairement établie, a été étudiée théoriquement et expérimentalement. Les carbo-stilbènes ont été obtenus sous forme de mélanges. En l'absence d'analyse cristallographique, ils ont été attribués aux diastéréoisomères cis et trans sur la base de la spectroscopie RMN 1H et des calculs DFT
The manuscript is divided into six chapters and two independent parts, the first part being dedicated to the investigation of the effect of nitro substituents on aromatic phosphine ligands (L). A series of (N-phenyl-benzimidazol-1-yl) diphenylphosphines substituted with 1 to 3 nitro groups at different positions of the N-phenyl and benzimidazolyl cores, were synthesized, and compared with the non-nitrated parent and cationic N-methyl-benzimidazolium counterpart. In the corresponding trans-L2RhICl(CO) complexes, prepared in two steps and fully characterized, moderate but systematic variations of the C=O IR stretching frequency and 103Rh NMR chemical shift provide an empirical quantification of regio-specific effects of the nitro-substituents on the global donating character of the P-ligand. Dinuclear (µ-CO)(LRhCl)2 side-products were shown to give unique clathrate crystals with a high content (6.7:1) of dichloromethane solvate. The second part, gathering five chapters, concerns the study of new types of highly p-conjugated carbo-mers, primarily devised to palliate the limiting poor solubility of the aromatic C18 carbo-benzene core. The synthesis and characterization of reference hexaaryl-carbo-benzenes are revisited. An improved 12-step synthetic route to the long known hexaphenyl derivative and p-bis-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl homologue is described. Both carbo-benzenes were fully characterized, in particular by X-ray diffraction analysis and electrochemistry. Their use in organic photovoltaic solar-cells was found to be hampered by their very low solubility preventing the formation of high quality thin films. The third chapter focusses on a series of p-dialkyl-tetraphenyl-carbo-benzenes with two aliphatic chains R = CnH2n+1, n = 2, 4, 8, 14, 20. The synthetic route based on nucleophilic addition of RMgBr to a key [6]pericyclynedione ultimately led to both the dialkyl- and reduced mono-alkyl-carbo-benzenes, the reduction process being found suppressed by using a RLi/CeCl3 reactant. A dramatic enhancement of solubility in chlorinated solvents was observed for n = 8. A direct p-p stacking of C18 rings, driven by aliphatic dispersions forces, could be evidenced for the first time in the X-ray crystal structure of the bis-tetradecyl derivative, giving experimental support to the existence of the a-graphityne 3D carbon allotrope (putative carbo-mer of graphite). The fourth chapter describes two trialkoxyarylethynyl-tetraphenyl-carbo-benzenes and the study of the mesogen properties of one of them. A columnar rectangular mesophase, evidenced at 115 oC by DSC, POM and PXRD analyses, opens prospects for a systematic study of related liquid crystals. The 3D lattice constants are consistent with 2D STM images of the carbo-mesogen deposited on HOPG. The fifth chapter reports on three skeletal carbo-mers of bis- and ter-phenyls, devised for their acquaintance with OPP or OPE molecular wires. A carbo-terphenyl was found to exhibit a very low first reduction potential (-0.39 V/SCE), unprecedented in the carbo-mer series. In the last chapter, new types of carbo-mers are exemplified: carbo-barrelenes and carbo-stilbenes. Their preparation relies on the addition of triyne dinucleophiles to either one or two equivalents of a [6]pericyclyne(di)one precursor. In the tricyclic series, two non-macroaromatic carbo-barrelenes and one partially reduced bis-butatrienic derivative, both containing two sp3-C bridgeheads, were found to be sufficiently stable to allow full characterization, including by crystallography. The cage-ability of a carbo-barrelene toward small molecules such as NH4+, albeit not clearly proven yet, was investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The carbo-stilbene product was evidenced as an unseparated mixture of two isomers. In the absence of crystal of suitable quality for crystallography, they were assigned to the cis and trans diastereoisomers on the basis of 1H NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations
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3

Tang, Hau-san. "Design and synthesis of metal phosphine complexes of palladium(II) and gold(I) with various receptor ligands for ion-controlled or photoresponsive host-guest chemistry." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37877422.

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4

Tang, Hau-san, and 鄧巧珊. "Design and synthesis of metal phosphine complexes of palladium(II) andgold(I) with various receptor ligands for ion-controlled orphotoresponsive host-guest chemistry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37877422.

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5

Vitvarová, Tereza. "Synthesis and properties of supramolecular polymers." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S077.

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Lors de ces travaux de thèse, des unités monomériques appelées unimères ont été synthétisées et utilisées pour le développement de polymères métallo-supramoléculaires (MSPs). Ces unités se composent (i) d’un bloc central: 2,5-dithiénylphosphole, (ii) dA’un chélate : 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine-4'-yl (tpy) et (iii) de connecteurs variés assurant la jonction entre le bloc central et le chélate. Les propriétés physico-chimiques de ces unimères ont été mesurées afin d’établir des relations structures/propriétés. Par exemple, l’unimère ne comportant pas de connecteurs entre l’unité central et le chélate présente un maximum d’absorption fortement décalé vers le rouge par rapport à l’unimère bis(tpy)terthiophène. Cette observation montre que la délocalisation électronique est accrue dans ces systèmes et permet de couvrir un large domaine spectral. L’introduction de connecteurs (éthynediyle, éthynediyle-thiophène-2,5-diyle, éthynediyle-1,4-phénylène) entre le bloc central et le chélate a un effet mineur sur l’écart HO-BV et sur la position des maxima d'absorption. Puis tous les unimères synthétisés ont été mis en présence de différents ions métalliques (Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Ni2+ et Zn2+) pour former les MSPs correspondants. Ce phénomène de polymérisation a été étudié en détail en utilisant les spectroscopies d’absorption, d’émission et la chromatographie d’exclusion stérique. Ainsi, cette polymérisation présente 3 étapes : (i) la formation des dimères U-M-U, (ii) la prolongation de chaine de polymères qui atteint un une longueur maximale pour le ratio 1/1 ion métallique/unimère; (iii) terminaison réalisée avec des ions métalliques lorsque ces ions sont présent en excès. Les propriétés optiques de ces nouveaux polymères ont également été étudiées montrant qu’elles dépendent fortement de la nature de l’ion métallique utilisé
New π-conjugated building blocks (unimers) for metallo-supramolecular polymers (MSPs), whose comprise: (i) substituted phosphole ring surrounded by two thiophene rings as the central block, (ii) 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine-4'-yl (tpy) end-groups as ion-selectors, and (iii) different linkers inserted between the central block and tpy end-groups, are described. Chemical and physical properties of those unimers were studied with attention on correlation between properties and structure of unimers. For example the unimer without linkers shows the UV/vis absorption maximum red shifted about 60 to 100 nm compared to bis(tpy)terthiophenes, which proves that replacing of the thiophene with phosphole unit significantly enhances the delocalization of electrons within the unimer molecule and significant area of absorption spectra can be covered. Introduction of linkers (ethynediyl, ethynediyl-thiophene-2,5-diyl, ethynediyl-1,4-phenylene) has a minor effect on the bandgap energy. All prepared unimers underwent self-assembling process with various metal ions (Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+) resulting into metallo-supramolecular polymers. Three stages of the assembly of unimers into related MSPs were observed and characterized by absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography: 1) formation of dimer species: U-M2+-U (U stands for unimer); 2) prolongation of polymer chain to reach the maximum length at equimolar ratio of unimer and metal ions; 3) end-capping of polymer chains and their partial decomposition at stoichiometric excess of ion couplers. Optoelectronic properties of newly formed metallo-supramolecular polymers were investigated and choice of the metal ions was shown to be of crucial importance
V rámci této disertační práce byly připraveny stavební bloky (nazývající se unimery) pro tvorbu konjugovaných metalo-supramolekulárních polymerů (MSPs), které ve své struktuře obsahují: (i) substituovaný fosfolový kruh obklopený dvěma thiofenovými cykly jako centrální blok, (ii) 2,2':6',2''-terpyridin-4'-yl (tpy) jako koncovou skupinu pro navázání iontů, a (iii) různé spojky mezi uvedeným centrálním blokem a tpy skupinou. Chemické a fyzikální vlastnosti těchto unimerů byly prostudovány s důrazem na korelaci mezi vlastnostmi a strukturou unimeru. Například unimer bez přídavných spojek vykazuje posun UV/vis absorpčního maxima do červené oblasti o 60 až 100 nm v porovnání s bis(tpy)terthiofenem, což značí, že nahrazením thiofenu fosfolem se značně zvyšuje delokalizace elektronů v molekule unimeru a může být pokryta značná část spektra. Začlenění spojek (ethynediyl, ethynediyl-thiofen-2,5-diyl, ethynediyl-1,4-fenylen) do struktury unimeru má jen malý vliv na šířku zakázaného pásu, a tedy pozici absorpčního maxima. Všechny připravené unimery byly podrobeny procesu samo-seskupování s různými kovovými ionty (Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Ni2+ a Zn2+) za vzniku organokovových polymerů. Tři stadia provázející proces samo-seskupování byla pozorována pomocí absorpční a fluorescenční spektroskopie a gelové permeační chromatografie (SEC): 1) tvorba dimerů U-M2+-U (U = unimer), 2) prodlužování polymerních řetězců a dosažení maximální délky při ekvimolárním poměru unimeru a kovových iontů, 3) vazba kovových iontů na koncové terpyridinové skupiny a rozklad polymerního řetězce na kratší při stechiometrickém přebytku kovových iontů. Optické vlastnosti nově připravených organokovových polymerů byly prozkoumány a ukázalo se, že velmi závisí na vybraném kovovém iontu
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Membrat, Romain. "Réactions de transfert d'hydrogène catalysées par les complexes de palladium et de platine associés aux ligands phosphinito-acide phosphineux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/190719_MEMBRAT_386crd806cefe861cbrkq829aijwx_TH.pdf.

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La notion de transfert d'hydrogène métallo-catalysé étudiée dans ce manuscrit consiste à générer un hydrure métallique actif à partir d'un donneur d'hydrogène (alcool) et à le transférer vers un produit insaturé dans un objectif d'augmentation de la complexité moléculaire. Une large gamme de produits peut être synthétisée grâce à ce concept et à ses diverses variantes. Le ligand phosphinito-acide phosphineux (PAP) qui est un ligand chargé négativement, permet de former des complexes robustes avec le palladium ou le platine et de générer en présence d'un alcool des hydrures métalliques remarquablement actifs. Dans la première partie de ce travail, un nouveau système d'oxydation d'alcool en milieu anaérobie particulièrement chimiosélectif a été développé. Les études complémentaires mises en œuvre ont permis une bonne compréhension du mécanisme de transfert d'hydrogène. Elles ont également mis en lumière l'intéressante aptitude du ligand PAP à auto-adapter ses propriétés électroniques spécifiquement à chaque étape d'un cycle catalytique. Dans un deuxième temps, une cascade réactionnelle oxydation - double activation de liaison C(sp3)-N débouchant sur la production d'amines primaires libres sans purification a été présentée. Il a été démontré à cette occasion que les complexes M/PAP pouvaient jouer le rôle d'acides de Lewis faible. Enfin, un processus de transfert d'hydrogène énantiosélectif a été étudié à travers l'isomérisation énantiosélective des alcools allyliques
The notion of metal catalyzed hydrogen transfer presented in this manuscript relies in generating an active metal hydride from an hydrogen donor (alcohol) and transferring it toward an unsaturated product with a view to molecular complexity increasing. A broad variety of product could be targeted with this concept and its variants. The phosphinito-phosphinous acid ligand which is negatively charged ligand is capable to generate strikingly active palladium and platinum hydride. In the first part of this work, a new anaerobic alcohol oxidation system with remarkable properties of chemioselectivity has been developed. Complementary studies have allowed a good understanding of the hydride transfer mechanism. Moreover it highlighted the interesting ability of the PAP ligand to self adapt its own electronic properties specifically to each steps of the catalytic cycle. In a second stage, a cascade process oxidation - double C(sp3)-N bond activation has been presented. It has been shown that M/PAP complexes could act as a weak Lewis acid. Finally, an enantioselective version of hydride transfer processes has been studied through enantioselective isomerization of allylic alcohols. The effect of the combination of a P - stereogenic ligand and new secondary chirality inductors (central chirality borne by the X-type ligand and inherent chirality borne by a supramolecular C1 symmetric moiety) has been evaluated
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Sanchez-Ballester, Noelia M. "Supramolecular studies with functionalised group 15 ligands." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6062.

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This thesis has been divided into five sections. The first chapter introduces the main themes of this thesis, including the description of the concepts of supramolecular chemistry, crystal engineering, hydrogen bonding and graph set analysis. The final section of chapter one describes a typical X-ray experiment used to determine the structures of the compounds presented in this thesis. Chapter two describes the synthesis and single crystal structures of copper(I) complexes with pyridine- and pyrazine-carboxylic acids. A series of novel solvent inclusion compounds of copper(I) complexes with pyridine- and pyrazine-carboxylic acids and the hydrogen bonding patterns adopted are also discussed. Chapter three reports the potential uses of boronic acids as building blocks for the design of novel solid-state architectures utilising hydrogen bonds. Novel copper(I) pyridine-/pyrazine-carboxylate complexes with boronic acid co-crystals are presented in which the heterodimeric boronic carboxylate R22(8) ring motif is present in all cases. Chapter four discusses the synthesis of novel ditertiary phosphines bearing functional groups with hydrogen bonding potential either via a three-step or single step synthetic route which involves a well known method of reductive amination followed by an efficient Mannich-based condensation. Complexation studies of these P,P-bidentate ligands with various transition metal centres such as Pt(II), Mo(0), Ru(II) and Au(I) are also presented. The effect on the structural motifs observed in these series of compounds by the regioselective incorporation of functional groups with potential hydrogen bonding capability such as hydroxyl and amide is also given. Finally, chapter five contains the synthesis and coordination studies of new phosphorus donor ligands leading to ideas for further work.
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Woinaroschy, Kristina Michaela. "Cyclen transition metal complexes as biomimetic catalysts, phosphate anion sensors and building-blocks in supramolecular assemblies." kostenfrei, 2007. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-regensburg/volltexte/2009/890/.

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9

Shen, Wenting. "Supramolecular assembly of π-systems using bimetallic CuI-clip bearing organophosporous ligands : control of the sold state organization in crystals and on surfaces." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S078.

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La polyvalence d’un clip de (CuI)2 basé sur des ligands phosphorés et utilisé afin de contrôler l’organisation à l’état solide d’assemblages supramoléculaires variés des systèmes-π a été étudiée dans ce travail. Le chapitre I présente les résultats obtenus afin de construire des analogues supramoléculaires variés de [2,2]paracyclophanes en interaction πà partir de connecteurs totalement π-conjugués ayant différentes natures et topologies. Dans les chapitres II et III, nous avons étudié les effets de variations structurales centrées sur les systèmes-π. Nous avons ainsi introduit des chaînes aliphatiques flexibles dans le squelette des connecteurs π-conjugués afin d’examiner le rôle joué par les fragments π-conjugués lors de la construction d’édifices étendus en interaction π et utilisé des systèmes π monotopiques. Le dernier chapitre présente les études AFM préliminaires de l’organisation sur surface de certains des assemblages en interaction décrits dans ce travail
The versatility of (CuI)2-clip bearing organophosphorous ligands in order to control the solid state organization of a variety of π-stacked supramolecular assemblies with cyano-capped π-systems has been investigated in this work. The Chapter I presents the results we had in order to build various π-stacked supramolecular analogues of [2,2]paracyclophanes based on fully π-conjugated linkers having different nature and topology. In the Chapter II and Chapter III, we present investigations we made focused on structural variation of the π-systems. We introduce “flexible” aliphatic chains in the core of the π-conjugated linkers to investigate the role of the π-systems to obtain long range π-stacked organization (Chapter II) and use monotopic π-conjugated systems (Chapter III). The last chapter presents the preliminary AFM studies of organization on surfaces of some of the π-stacked assemblies described in this work
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Elsayed, Moussa Mehdi. "Supramolecular assemblies with organophosphorated based derivatives for potential applications in optoelectronics." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S135.

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Au cours de ce travail, nous avons préparé des clips moléculaires efficaces à partir de dimères de cuivre(I) ou d'or(I) portant des ligands organophosphorés en tirant parti des interactions métallophiles. Dans un premier temps, un complexe de cuivre(I) portant des ligands bis(2-pyridyl)phospholes a été utilisé comme clip moléculaire pour organiser des systèmes pi monotopiques à fonction cyano et portant divers fragments pi-conjugués. Ces dimères formés par assemblage pis'auto-organisent à l'état solide en colonnes pi infinies. Dans un deuxième temps, un complexe d'or(I) portant un ligand biphosphole a été utilisé comme clip moléculaire pour organiser des unités éthynyl[6]helicenes en dimères. Ces dimères ont montré une augmentation des propriétés chiroptiques par rapport au ligand éthynyl[6]helicene libre. Dans un troisième temps, un complexe bimétallique de cuivre(I) portant des ligands 1,1-bis(diphénylphosphino)méthane (dppm) s'est révélé être un clip moléculaire efficace pour la conception d'architectures supramoléculaires auto-assemblées par réaction avec des cyanométallates. Ces dérivés supramoléculaires ont des topologies différentes et sont émissifs dans le domaine visible après excitation dans l'UV. Dans certains cas, ils ont montré des propriétés de luminescence thermochromique intéressantes
In this work, we have prepared organophosphorated ligands based copper(I) or gold(I) dimers that act as efficient molecular clips thanks to metallophilic interactions. Firstly, a bimetallic copper(I) complex bearing bis(2-pyridyl)phosphole ligands was used as a molecular clip to organize monotopic cyano-capped pi-systems carrying various pi-conjugated fragments into self-assembled pi-stacked dimers. These dimers organized in the solid state within infinite columnar pi-stacks. Secondly, a bimetallic gold(I) complex bearing a biphosphole ligand was used as a molecular clip to organize ethynyl-capped [6]helicene moieties into self-assembled dimers. These dimers showed an enhancement of the chiroptical properties as compared to the free ethynyl[6]helicene ligand. Thirdly, a bimetallic copper(I) complex bearing 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm) ligands has revealed a powerful molecular clip to design self-assembled supramolecular architectures by reaction with different cyanometallates. These supramolecular derivatives have different topologies and are emissive in the visible spectrum upon UV excitation and in some cases they showed intriguing thermochromic luminescence properties
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Bonomi, Renato. "Catalizzatori idrolitici cooperativi: dai sistemi biomimetici ai nanozimi." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426893.

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This work aimed, firstly, at the production of hydrolitic catalysts, active towards organic phosphorous diesters. This was achieved through the cooperative interaction of metal ions and organic functional groups. Secondly, gold nanoparticles coated with metal-ions-bringing thiols were realized and used for catalisys.
Realizzazione di catalizzatori idrolitici attivi nei confronti di diesteri fosforici organici mediante la cooperazione di ioni metallici e gruppi funzionali organici. In seconda istanza realizzazione di nanoparticelle d'oro ricoperte con tioli recanti complessi di ioni metallici per catalisi.
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12

Evariste, Sloane. "Systèmes π-conjugués et assemblages supramoléculaires organophosphorés : synthèse et propriétés physico-chimiques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S058/document.

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Ce manuscrit décrit la synthèse et la caractérisation de nouveaux systèmes moléculaires à base de phosphore : dans la première partie sont étudiés des dérivés π-conjugués du cycle phosphole et la seconde partie fait état d'assemblages supramoléculaires à ligands phosphines. Tout d'abord, une introduction à la chimie du phosphole (historique, méthodes de synthèse, insertion dans des systèmes π-conjugués) est présentée. Le premier chapitre décrit la synthèse et l'étude physico-chimique de dérivés phospholes possédant un système π étendu afin de les utiliser en tant qu'émetteurs oranges-rouges dans des diodes électroluminescentes organiques (OLEDs). Différentes modifications chimiques de la triple liaison sont ensuite mises en place pour modifier les propriétés optiques des dérivés synthétisés en déplaçant leurs maximas d'absorption et/ou d'émission vers les plus grandes longueurs d'onde. Le chapitre II décrit la synthèse et l'étude de complexes utilisant une brique phosphole acétylénique comme connecteur conjugué entre deux centres métalliques. De nouveaux complexes de Fe(II), Pt(II) et d'Au(I) ont ainsi été développés et la communication électronique entre les métaux est étudiée. La deuxième partie de ces travaux de thèse commence avec un historique sur les complexes de Cu(I) luminescents, qu'ils soient mono- ou polynucléaires, qu'ils possèdent une structure de forme cubane ou autres. Dans le chapitre III, sont présentées les synthèses, les études structurales et optiques de nouveaux assemblages supramoléculaires émissifs à l'état solide synthétisés à partir de clips moléculaires de Cu(I) préassemblés et stabilisés par des ligands phosphines (dppm ou dpmp) avec des ligands connecteurs de type cyano CN-. Ensuite, le dernier chapitre utilise cette même stratégie de synthèse en utilisant des ligands connecteurs organiques à fonctions nitriles terminales et de nouveaux complexes de Cu(I) discrets ou étendus sont caractérisés. Tout au long de cette deuxième partie, les propriétés de luminescence des dérivés de Cu(I) sont étudiées en fonction de leur environnement extérieur et des phénomènes de thermochromisme, de vapochromisme et de mécanochromisme sont mis en évidence chez certains d'entre eux
This manuscript describes the synthesis and characterization of new molecular systems based on phosphorus atom: we developed and studied π-conjugated systems based on phosphole and secondly supramolecular assemblies with phosphine ligand have been studied. Firstly, an introduction to the phosphole chemistry (history, synthesis methods, integration into π-conjugated systems) is presented. The first chapter describes the synthesis and physico-chemical study of phospholes derivatives having an extended π-system for the development of orange-red emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Different molecular engineering involving the triple bond leads to modifications of the optical properties of the synthesized compounds by red-shifting their absorption and/or emission maxima. Chapter II describes the synthesis and the physical properties of complexes using phosphole based π-systems as linkers between two metal centers. New Fe (II), Pt (II) and Au (I) complexes have been developed and the electronic communication between the two metals is studied. The second part of the thesis work starts with a review on the emissive Cu(I) complexes. In Chapter III, are presented the syntheses, the structural and optical studies of new solid-state emissive supramolecular assemblies synthesized from pre-assembled Cu(I) molecular clips and stabilized by phosphine ligands (dppm or dpmp) with cyano ligands as linkers. Then in the final chapter new Cu(I) complexes are synthesized by using organic ligands with terminal nitrile functions as linkers. The solid-state luminescence properties of these new Cu(I) derivatives are studied according to their external environment and thermochromism, vapochromism and mechanochromism phenomena have been demonstrated for some of them
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13

Kitto, Heather J. "Conformational control in dinuclear metal helicates and related complexes containing tetra(tertiary phosphines)." Phd thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151560.

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Woinaroschy, Kristina Michaela [Verfasser]. "Cyclen transition metal complexes as biomimetic catalysts, phosphate anion sensors and building-blocks in supramolecular assemblies / vorgelegt von Kristina Michaela Woinaroschy." 2009. http://d-nb.info/992056071/34.

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15

Vitvarová, Tereza. "Syntéza a vlastnosti supramolekulárních polymerů." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-357521.

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New π-conjugated building blocks (unimers) for metallo-supramolecular polymers (MSPs), whose comprise: (i) substituted phosphole ring surrounded by two thiophene rings as the central block, (ii) 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine-4'-yl (tpy) end-groups as ion-selectors, and (iii) different linkers inserted between the central block and tpy end-groups, are described. Chemical and physical properties of those unimers were studied with attention on correlation between properties and structure of unimers. For example the unimer without linkers shows the UV/vis absorption maximum red shifted about 60 to 100 nm compared to bis(tpy)terthiophenes, which proves that replacing of the thiophene with phosphole unit significantly enhances the delocalization of electrons within the unimer molecule and significant area of absorption spectra can be covered. Introduction of linkers (ethynediyl, ethynediyl-thiophene-2,5-diyl, ethynediyl-1,4-phenylene) has a minor effect on the bandgap energy. All prepared unimers underwent self-assembling process with various metal ions (Co2+ , Cu2+ , Fe2+ , Ni2+ and Zn2+ ) resulting into metallo-supramolecular polymers. Three stages of the assembly of unimers into related MSPs were observed and characterized by absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography: 1)...
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16

Gorai, Tumpa. "Lanthanide Based Hydrogels in Sensing, Energy Transfer and Nanoparticle Synthesis." Thesis, 2016. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2969.

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Chapter 1: Luminescence property of lanthanide and its applications Lanthanides are well-known for their unique luminescence property and have found widespread applications in sensing, bioimaging, lasers, optoelectronic devices, etc. Due to Laporte forbidden f-f transitions, lanthanides have very low intrinsic emission. The problem can be overcome by use of an ‘antenna’, which is an organic chromophore with excited state energy higher than the lanthanides’ emitting levels. Thereby it is possible to get highly emitting lanthanide complexes through energy transfer from the ‘antenna’. Due to long lifetime of lanthanides’ excited states, it's possible to perform time delayed measurement which is useful in bioassays and bioimaging since the short-lived background emission is effectively filtered. Research in supramolecular metallogels has grown rapidly in recent years, and already proven to have potential for designing advanced materials for a variety of applications, such as sensing, optoelectronics, catalysis, nanoparticle synthesis, biomedicine etc. A supramolecular gel where a lanthanide is an integrated part of it can combine the advantages of the supramolecular gel along with the unique property of lanthanide luminescence and thus such materials can be explored for potential applications. This chapter discusses the background information on the unique luminescence of lanthanides, and some examples of the applications of lanthanide complexes and lanthanide based gels. Chapter 2: Lanthanide luminescence based enzyme sensing in hydrogels This chapter describes the use of Tb/Eu luminescence in the sensing of biologically important enzymes. We discovered the sensitization of Eu(III) in Eu-cholate gel by 1-hydroxypyrene, and of Tb(III) in Tb-cholate gel by 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene. These two sensitizers were covalently modified and sensitizer-appended hybrid (artificial) enzyme substrates were prepared for a few biologically important hydrolases. The covalently modified sensitizer termed as “pro-sensitizers”, didn't sensitize Tb(III)/Eu(III) in the hydrogel and no photoluminescence was observed. In the presence of the appropriate enzyme in the hydrogel, the pro-sensitizer was cleaved to liberate the sensitizer, which led to an enhancement of luminescence with time. Alkaline phosphatase and β-lactamase were assayed using pyrene phosphate and pyrene-oxo-cephalosporanic acid derivatives, respectively, in Eu-cholate hydrogel (Figure 1). β-Galactosidase was assayed using Tb(III) luminescence in Tb-cholate gel. The enzyme detection was based on red/green luminescence response from the gel. To understand the behaviour of the enzymes in the hydrogel, kinetic parameters were determined. The detection of different enzymes was also demonstrated in natural/biological samples like blood serum, milk and almond extract. Figure 1. Three different pro-sensitizers used for alkaline phosphatase, β-lactamase and β-galactosidase assays Chapter 3: Enzyme sensing on paper discs using lanthanide luminescence Developing a user-friendly biosensor is of considerable importance in clinical and analytical chemistry. Paper based biosensor design is an emerging field of research and paper based point of care (PoC) testing devices have already found applications in clinical, veterinary, environmental, food safety, security etc. Paper is made out of natural cellulose fibres, and has advantages of low cost, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and user friendliness. Paper based sensors have been used for the detection of ions, glucose, proteins, nucleic acids, antigens etc., with mostly colorimetric, fluorescent, electrochemical, chemiluminescence and Electrochemiluminescence readouts. In this work, the non luminescent Tb(III) and Eu(III) were embedded on paper as their cholate hydrogels and were used for detecting different hydrolases. Pro-sensitizers, as reported in Chapter 2, were immobilized on paper for the detection of a specific enzyme. The “pro-sensitizer” released the sensitizer upon enzyme action and led to luminescence enhancement from the gel coated paper disc. By this way, four different hydrolase enzymes detection were carried out using Tb(III)/Eu(III) luminescence as the readout (Figure 2) and the practical utility was demonstrated by the detection of specific enzymes in natural/biological samples. This paper disc based enzyme sensing provides a simpler and user friendly approach over the contemporary approach of enzyme sensing typically carried out in solution. Figure 2. Paper based biosensors for hydrolase enzymes Chapter 4: Luminescence resonance energy transfer in self-assembled supramolecular hydrogels Luminescence resonance energy transfer is a phenomenon of energy transfer between a FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) pair, where a lanthanide is the donor. Lanthanides have attracted attention for the last several decades for their unique luminescence properties. LRET is a FRET process along with added advantages of Lanthanides, i.e. long lifetime of the lanthanides and characteristics emission spectra. LRET has been used for studying interaction of biomacromolecues, immunoassay, bioassays, etc. LRET in either a supramolecular organogel or a hydrogel is still an unexplored field. In this work we showed the energy transfer from Tb(III) to two different red emitting dyes in Tb-cholate hydrogel (Figure 3). The self assembly processes during hydrogelation assisted the energy transfer process without any need for laborious synthesis. The energy transfer was confirmed by time delayed emission, excitation spectra and lifetime measurement in the hydrogels. Energy transfer was observed both in the gel and the xerogel states. These luminescent materials may find applications in optoelectronics. Figure 3. Energy transfer from DHN to Tb3+ and then to red emitting dyes (Rhodamine B & Sulforhodamine 101) in the Tb-Cholate hydrogel Chapter 5: Room temperature synthesis of Lanthanide phosphate nanoparticle using a gel as a soft template Lanthanide orthophosphates are an important class of rare earth compounds, and have widespread applications in laser materials, optical sensors, heat resistance materials, solar cell etc. There are several methods in the literature for the synthesis of rare earth phosphate nanoparticles. Most of these are based on hydrothermal, microwave assisted, micro emulsion, arrested precipitation etc., which invariably dependent on stringent conditions such as (i) high temperatures and pressures, (ii) inert atmosphere and (iii) the use of external capping agents as stabilizers. Synthesis of such nanoparticles under milder conditions would always be preferable. In this context, the preparation of nanoparticles using hydrogel as template can be a possible alternative approach. The LnPO4 nanoparticle synthesis was done by diffusion of Na3PO4 in Ln-cholate hydrogels. The particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and powder XRD analysis. TEM showed the formation of 3-4 nm size particles with an ordered arrangement on the gel fibre. This work demonstrated that the lanthanide cholate gels have high potential for the synthesis, and immobilization of lanthanide phosphate nanoparticles at room temperature to produce new types of composite materials. (For structural formula pl see the abstract pdf file)
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