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1
Vanhée, Loïs. "Using culture and values to support flexible coordination." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS258/document.
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Cette thèse propose une méthode pour coordonner flexiblement des Systèmes Multi-Agents (SMA). Plus en détails, nous étudions comment influencer des agents artificiels afin que, collectivement, ils atteignent des objectifs complexes et/ou dynamiques dans des environnements eux-aussi complexes et dynamiques (ex: un groupe de robots pour secourir les victimes lors d'un désastre, qui peut s'adapter à une grande variété de dangers, conditions climatiques, état des victimes).Dans ce but, nous avons d'abord étudié pourquoi, dans les sociétés humaines, les humains parviennent à coordonner relativement flexiblement mais pas leurs contreparties artificielles (agents des SMA). Cette opposition peut être grandement expliquée à l'aide d'un facteur clef : la culture. Les humains qui partagent un même bagage culturel se coordonnent flexiblement plus facilement, car ils ont une idée commune de ce que "travailler ensemble" veut dire. A contrario, les agents n'ont pas ce bagage et leurs échecs pour travailler ensemble s'apparente souvent à des chocs culturels.Ainsi, notre objectif consiste à répondre à la question suivante: peut-on utiliser une culture semblable à celle des humains comme un outil coordonner les SMA (et si oui, comment) ? Pour répondre à cette question, il nous faut d'abord expliquer : comment intégrer une culture semblable à celle des humains dans un SMA? Cette seconde question en soulève une troisième à étudier en premier : comment est-ce que la culture influence la manière dont la coordination se passe dans les sociétés humaines ?1- Nous montrons que de manière générale, la culture influence les décisions individuelles prises en situation d'interaction (ex: au travers d'attentes, de manière d'agir et de raisonner). Cette influence mène à l'occurrence de schémas d'interaction abstraits, récurrent et cohérents, qui, généralement, améliorent la performance collective. Ensuite, nous spécifions comment les principaux mécanismes l'influence connue de la culture (ex: importance culturelle accordée au pouvoir, aux règles) appliquent spécifiquement en situation de coordination (ex: la culture influence si les dirigeants donnent des ordres vs. des propositions à leurs subordonnés).2-Nous montrons comment répliquer les mécanismes l'influence de la culture sur la coordination dans les SMA. Tout d'abord, puisque la culture est fondée dans les décisions individuelles, nous mettons en avant un mécanisme de décision humain clef qui, à la fois, est sensible à la culture et influence la coordination. Ce mécanisme se trouve dans les valeurs, ce que les gens considèrent comme "bien" ou "important" (ex: honnêteté, discipline, autonomie). Ensuite, nous intégrons ces valeurs dans une architecture agent capable de prendre des décisions en situation de coordination. Enfin, nous illustrons que notre architecture peut en effet reproduire l'influence de la culture sur la coordination à travers de deux simulations qui répliquent des phénomènes culturels en situation de coordination connus.3-Nous étudions comment ces valeurs, inspirées des valeurs humaines, peuvent être utilisées coordonner des SMA. Tout d'abord, nous étudions pour quels problèmes les valeurs offrent un moyen opérationnel pour soutenir la coordination. A l'instar des sociétés humaines, les valeurs sont particulièrement offrent un haut niveau de flexibilité, quand les agents doivent raisonner eux-même pour établir une coordination. Puis, nous étudions les détails techniques à considérer pour utiliser en pratique des valeurs pour coordonner flexiblement des SMA (ex: quelles valeurs choisir ? Comment les représenter ?).En résumé, cette thèse met en évidence que les principaux mécanismes de l'influence de la culture sur la coordination (en particulier, grâce à l'influence de la culture sur les valeurs) peuvent être répliquées au sein des SMA. De plus, nous montrons que ces mécanismes peuvent être manipulés dans le but de coordonner des SMAThis thesis proposes a method for supporting flexible coordination in multi-agent systems (MASs). In other words, we aim at influencing societies of artificial agents such that they can handle complex or evolving environments and collective goals (e.g. robots providing an emergency support capable of handling various hazards, climatic conditions, status of victims).Towards achieving this goal, we first investigated why in human societies, for which MASs can be seen as an ``artificial" counterpart, humans manage to coordinate relatively flexibly comparatively with artificial agents in MASs. We discovered that culture is a key factor of this relative success. Briefly, when humans share a cultural background, they manage to coordinate more flexibly because they share a common idea about what ``working together'' means. Conversely, artificial agents miss this aspect, leading in turn to coordination failures that can are similar to cultural clashes.The lack raises our goal: we want to better understand how culture can be integrated within and used for coordinating artificial societies. This goal raises the following research question: (how) can human-like culture be used as a tool for supporting coordination in artificial societies? As a preliminary step for answering this question, we need first to answer this question: (how) can the influence human-like cultures be integrated within artificial societies? In turn, this question raises a third one to be answered first: how does culture influence coordination in human societies?As a first step, we expand general theories of culture for conceptualizing its influence in the context of coordination. From a generic perspective, we explain that culture influences individual decisions that support matching expectations and coherent interaction patterns, leading in turn to (generally) better collective performance. From a more specific perspective, we specify how the core acknowledged patterns of the influence of culture (e.g. cultural importance given to power status, to rules) apply in the context of coordination (e.g. culture influences the likeliness that leaders are (made) responsible for making decisions for subordinates vs. proposing alternatives).As a second step, we study how to replicate human-like influences of culture on coordination within artificial societies. First, since culture is grounded within individual decisions, we investigate the core culturally-sensitive decision aspects that impact the most (flexible) coordination in human societies. We discover that values, what people consider as ``good'' or ``important'' (e.g. honesty, obedience, autonomy), constitute such an aspect by deeply supporting a wide range of (interaction-related) decisions. Then, for illustrating how to replicate influence of culture within artificial societies, we build an value-sensitive agent decision architecture that can make coordination-related decisions. Finally, we illustrate that our architecture can replicate the influence of culture on coordination through two simulations that replicate known coordination-related cultural phenomena.As a third step, we study how human-like values can be used for supporting coordination in artificial societies. First, we investigate the range of coordination problems for which values can offer an operational means for supporting coordination. As in human societies, values are particularly adequate for problems with complex and dynamic environments, requiring agents to make coordination-related decisions. Then, towards concretely implementing values, we study the technical details to consider when using values for supporting flexible coordination (e.g. how to concretely design values and integrating them within decision processes)
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Reineke, Jason Bernard. "Support for censorship, family communication, family values, and political ideology." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1216823927.
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Chu, Po Sen. "The impacts of culture on social support, communication values, and coping strategies." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/435.
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Browning, Matthew Herbert Emerson Mutel. "Nature Centers in Local Communities: Perceived Values, Support Factors, and Visitation Constraints." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54581.
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This dissertation examines three relationships between nature centers and their local communities. First, what are the values provided by local centers as perceived by community members? Second, what factors lead community members to support local centers? And third, what are the constraints to visiting local centers as perceived by community members? We surveyed random samples of community members living around 16 diverse nature centers across the United States and conducted quantitative and qualitative analyses to address these questions. Chapter one introduces the study and provides a literature review of theories and empirical research related to the research questions. Chapter two reports the results of an exploratory factor analysis on the level of importance communities assign to fourteen nature center services. The factor analysis revealed four underlying values: environmental connection, leisure provision, civic engagement, and community resilience. Chapter three tests sixteen hypothesized predictors of community support for nature centers. All these variables were significant, suggesting people volunteer at, donate to, or respond to threats at nature centers for a range of reasons. These include those related to supporting nature center missions (e.g. environmental connection significance and commitment to nature) but also other reasons such as friends' and family's perceptions of nature centers and assessments of the center staff members. Chapter four explores constraints that emerge during different stages of the decision-making process people go through when considering whether or not to visit a local nature center. The greatest constraints emerge in early stages (e.g. center awareness) and late stages (e.g. limited finances, transportation, and time) of decision-making. Chapter five discusses the study's implications to theory, including ecosystem service and educational leisure setting valuation, environmentally significant and charitable support behavior, and leisure constraints, as well as nature center practice. Centers that consider these implications might better serve their local communities and achieve their missions.Ph. D.
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Abuhajar, Aisha Mohamed. "Cultural values, social support and self-esteem as predictors of depression in a Libyan context." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8286.
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The typical clinical presentation of depression is defined primarily from a Western perspective and may have limited cross cultural applicability. Yet, these descriptions characterise practice and diagnosis in Libya. Therefore, a study was conducted to identify symptoms of depression and cultural factors in Libya. Following a pilot study with 83 British non-clinical participants, a study was carried out in Libya using standardised questionnaires, with depression (BDI-II) as the dependent variable, sex as fixed factor, and individualism (IND), collectivism (COL), familism (FAM), social support (MSPSS) and self-esteem (RSE) as covariates. The sample comprised 169 Libyan non-clinical participants all scales were back translated for Arabic versions, and sufficient reliability and validity conditions were achieved. ANCOVA showed a significant effect on depression of gender (females > males) after controlling for all covariates. Self-esteem was an independent negative predictor of depression. Secondly, a qualitative study was conducted to gain insights into the experience and perceptions of depression in a Libyan clinical sample. Fifteen female and seven male out-patients were interviewed and iterative thematic content analysis was used to identify key emphases on an inductive basis. Six super-ordinate themes encompassed: symptoms; recognition of depression; treatment choices; stigma; sources of support; and perceived causes of depression. Social withdrawal, feelings of guilt, loss of the “old” self, loss of weight, sleeping disturbance and somatic symptoms were the reported symptoms. Religion was cited the most effective coping strategy. Formal psychiatric interventions were accepted but taking antidepressants was not favored. Little distinction was made between serious mental illness and less serious conditions. Explanations for depression encompassed familial relationships, professional roles and other cultural factors. There were notable gender differences regarding social support, expected behaviour and the posited causes of depression, which reflect the differentiated male and female roles in Libyan society.
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Bass, Tina. "To what extent does Higher Education teaching support the development of undergraduate business students' values?" Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31982.
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This study focused upon the values that undergraduates take into work and to what extent Higher Education can impact upon these. Empirical evidence, where it existed previously, has tended to be drawn from postgraduate students, leaving the experiences of the majority of business students under-researched and often discussed as a generic group. Undergraduate business students’ experiences were examined but with a clear disaggregation by subject area and course in order to develop understanding of how development might be supported in different contexts. Clear gaps were highlighted between espoused student values and engagement with (CSR)/ethics compared to what has been identified in the literature as desirable. Gaps were also identified between what students stated that they want from their syllabus and what they had been taught. Evidence was clear that undergraduates do not enter university with all of their ethical perceptions and values firmly fixed and it was also evident that subject-specific teaching contributes to how ethical dilemmas are framed and managed by students. Work experience was also found to impact negatively upon undergraduate values. The study contributes to understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) theory by building upon discussion in the existing literature and presenting the theoretical landscape through a series of diagrams. Additionally, there is development of a tool which enables curriculum data to be analysed for both CSR content and the higher-level language needed if students are to engage with dilemmas and deal effectively with complexity. There was evidence of some support overall for the development of business students’ values but also evidence that much more could be done to enhance the curriculum.
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Duffell, Ron. "Easing the burden, the bridging of values and principles to support shared responsibility in an organisation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59437.pdf.
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Meikle, Heather. "The Role of Occupational Values and Support in Career Choice: An Emphasis on Women in Science." Scholar Commons, 2008. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/395.
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The purpose of this study was to determine how occupational values and social support for career pursuits influenced career choice, with a specific focus on women in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM). A sample of 62 college graduates participated in telephone interviews that addressed gender differences in seven occupational values and three sources of social support. Results showed that differences in occupational values differ by both gender and between individuals in STEM and non-STEM careers. The strength of STEM values better predicted a career in STEM than did gender. Finally, women in STEM received the least amount of social support for their career pursuits. These results underscore the need to encourage women's interest in STEM, and develop interventions for career counselors that specifically address the unique needs of women in non-traditional careers.
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Fobissie, Blese Elsie. "The Effects of Environmental Values and Political Ideology on Public Support for Renewable Energy Policy in Ottawa, Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37960.
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Abstract / Resumé
The Ontario provincial government faces the challenge of getting public support in the implementation of its RE policy. This thesis aims at investigating the effects of environmental values and political ideology on public support for renewable energy policy in Ottawa, Canada. Data was collected through open-ended interviews with fifty respondents in and around Ottawa, transcribed, coded and analysed using the NVivo software. Results indicate that environmental values and political ideology affect public support for renewable energy policy, but economic factors also play a role. The provincial government can think of ways to reduce the cost of electricity, invest on education and the creation of awareness on the benefits of renewable energy and the different initiatives that are offered by the RE policy to increase public support. Public ownership of RE projects and more democratic policy-making could also increase public support.
Le gouvernement provincial de l'Ontario fait face au défi d'obtenir le soutien public dans la mise en œuvre de sa politique d'ER. Cette thèse vise à étudier les effets des valeurs environnementales et de l'idéologie politique sur le soutien public à la politique sur l'énergie renouvelable à Ottawa, au Canada. Les données ont été recueillies par les entrevues ouvertes avec une cinquantaine de répondants à Ottawa et dans les environs. Ils ont été transcrits, codées et analysées à l'aide du logiciel NVivo. Les résultats indiquent que les valeurs environnementales et l'idéologie politique affectent le soutien public à la politique d'énergie renouvelable, mais les facteurs économiques jouent également un rôle. Le gouvernement provincial peut réfléchir à des moyens de réduire le coût de l'électricité, investir dans l'éducation et sensibiliser les gens aux avantages de l'ER et aux différentes initiatives offertes par la politique sur l'ER pour accroître le soutien public. La propriété publique de projets d'ER et l'élaboration de politiques plus démocratiques pourrait également accroître le soutien public.
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Jaga, Ameeta. "Antecedents of work-family conflict among Hindu working women in South Africa: stressors, social support, and cultural values." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12951.
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Includes bibliographical references.Little is known about the antecedents of work-family conflict (WFC) among Hindu working women in South Africa, a minority subgroup shaped by a unique set of historical, political, and cultural dynamics. Responding to repeated calls in the literature for the examination of work-family issues in unique cultural contexts, this study began with 20 in-depth interviews to elicit the subjective meaning that Hindu women in South Africa give to their work-family experiences. The qualitative data were analysed adhering to the principles of thematic analysis. These findings, together with a review of extant literature, were used to develop a new and culturally nuanced explanatory model of the antecedents of WFC for this specific context. The antecedents of WFC in the explanatory model include role stressors, sources of social support, and specific individual-level cultural variables. The study’s propositions were tested with survey data from 317 respondents. Psychometric analyses confirmed the portability of the measures and the bi-directional nature of WFC; work-to-family conflict and family- to-work conflict. Multiple regression analyses showed that a significant amount of variability in work-to-family conflict and family-to work conflict were explained by within- domain and cross-domain role stressors; with work overload having the strongest predictive effect on both directions of WFC. The results further highlight the salience of family in Hindu culture, noting that family involvement functioned as an important resource in reducing both directions of WFC and that food-work overload had a distinctive effect on WFC as a significant within-domain and cross-domain stressor. Results of further moderated multiple regression analyses confirmed co-worker support as an important resource for alleviating work-to-family conflict and for buffering the negative effects that work stressors can have on work-to-family conflict. Likewise, the results confirmed spousal support as an important resource for reducing family- to-work conflict; however, paid domestic support increased family- to-work conflict directly and when interacting with food-work overload. Moderated multiple regression analyses additionally showed that work involvement interacted significantly with gender role ideology in predicting work-to-family conflict and that family hierarchy orientation interacted significantly with family involvement in predicting family- to-work conflict. Overall, the results of this study strengthen the argument for the importance of uncovering and examining culturally salient variables in work-family research.
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Harvey, Jacqueline Christine. "Morality and Mortality: the Role of Values in the Adoption of Laws Governing the Involuntary Removal of Life Sustaining Medical Treatment in Us States." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149554/.
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Disputes between patients and providers regarding life-sustaining medical treatment (LSMT) are universal across all U.S. states, yet policies regarding these disputes differ significantly. This dissertation determines that all 50 states have advance directive laws that protect a patient’s right to refuse LSMT even when a healthcare provider objects, yet only some states have policies that protect the patient’s right to choose to continue LSMT when a healthcare provider objects (a dispute known as medical futility). Some states have pro-patient laws that protect the patient’s right to make the final decision, while other states have enacted pro-provider medical futility policies that explicitly grant the provider authority to remove LSMT against the patient’s wishes. Finally, in one state, the law delegates the final decision to a third-party: institutional healthcare ethics committees. This dissertation studies the innovation and adoption of these 17 state medical futility policies, examining the theory that values determine both whether the state adopts a medical futility policy as well as what type of medical futility policy a state will adopt- as the policy actors that represent these values: policy entrepreneurs and interest groups. A comparative case study of successful third-party policy adoption in Texas contrasted against a failed effort in Idaho could not affirm the necessity of policy entrepreneurs for policy adoption but did affirm the necessity of interest group consensus and the role of values. Furthermore, quantitative analysis failed to offer statistically-significant evidence of value indicators, but did suggest that government ideology and political party affiliation may potentially become indicators of the type of medical futility policy that states choose to adopt.
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Gallegos, Monica L. "Communication Processes and the Latino Health Paradox: Exploring Relationships among Loneliness, Cultural Values, and Health across the Lifespan." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301766.
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This study tested predictions that potentially explain why Latinos, despite being disadvantaged in a number of ways related to poor health such as low education and low income, still fare better for some health outcomes compared to Anglos; A phenomenon know as the Latino health paradox. In particular, loneliness was hypothesized as a key mediator in the relationship between Latino cultural values and three health outcomes: overall health, depression and engaging in protective health practices. Cultural values of familism and spiritual well-being were predicted to be inversely related to loneliness, and reduced loneliness was predicted to be associated with beneficial health outcomes. Ethnicity (i.e., being Latino) was also hypothesized to predict endorsement of cultural values. Participants were 319 adults, including 116 Anglos and 139 Latinos between the ages of 19-88. Results indicated that being Latino predicted endorsing the values of spiritual well-being and familism. Spiritual well-being had an association with better health through reduced loneliness for both Latinos and Anglos, and the effect size was greater for Latinos. Familism predicted reduced loneliness and had a significant indirect effect on health through loneliness for Anglos, but not for Latinos; a result that may be attributable to the obligatory nature of familial relationships in Latino culture. Finally, age did not moderate the impact of familism or spiritual well-being on health through loneliness for Latinos or Anglos, suggesting that the indirect effects on health through loneliness are consistent throughout the lifespan.
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Pillay, Urmila. "Social support, personality and values in relation to well-being : a comparative study among Indians, British Indians and British Whites." Thesis, Brunel University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412428.
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Peldán, Carlsson Gustav. "Economics, political values and historic legacy : Determinants of public support for EU membership and European integration in post-communist Europe." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-300364.
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This study examines the explanatory power of the traditional explanations as to what determines public support for EU membership and European integration – the economic explanation and the political values‐based explanation – in the context of the post-communist member states of the EU. Further, an alternative explanation – the communist legacy explanation – is presented and tested. It is hypothesized that a high degree of Soviet influence and suppression during the communist period leads to a low degree of support for EU membership and European integration, because of a willingness to protect oneself from violation of national sovereignty once again. The explanatory power of the traditional explanations does not obtain convincing empirical support, even if many individual predictors are statistically significant as determinants. Communist legacy seems to be important as a determinant of public support for EU membership and European integration. However, the hypothesis can neither be accepted nor rejected, because of the methodological problems associated with the dummy variable approach used in order to test it. Further, the direction of the relationship between communist legacy and public support for EU membership and European integration seems to be two‐fold, rather than one-sided as hypothesized.
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Dunkle, Jennifer T. "Using appreciative interviews to explore speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') views of their clinical values, clinical effectiveness, and work-related social support systems." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366886380.
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DeBruler, Amy L. "The Use of a Values Affirming Intervention: Does It Impact Math Scores and Semester Grade Point Averages in a Student Support Services Population." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7507.
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College students who are from low income families, have disabilities, or are the first in their family to attend college are more likely to struggle socially and academically in a college setting. Promoting college graduation within these disadvantaged populations is critical for increased life wellness. Previous researchers studied to see if when students wrote about their personal beliefs if it would lead to higher levels of academic confidence and better academic performance (as measured by grades). This study expanded upon those previous studies to look specifically at whether a values-affirming writing intervention provided to at risk students in a federally funded college opportunity program would affect academic confidence, semester math grades, and overall semester academic performance (as measured by GPA). While there was no impact on semester math grades or overall semester academic performance, the values-affirming writing intervention did benefit students’ academic confidence. This study suggests more research on writing about personal beliefs within a federally funded college opportunity program may be beneficial in identifying methods of improving retention rates and college degree attainment for certain populations of at-risk students. A values-affirming intervention for at-risk students may be one protective factor universities can implement to help these students succeed.
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Stacey, Dawn. "Design and evaluation of an implementation intervention to enhance decision support by call centre nurses for callers facing values-sensitive health decisions." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10923.
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Purpose. To evaluate the process of implementing decision support by call centre nurses for callers facing values-sensitive health decisions. Design. Exploratory case study guided by the Ottawa Model of Research Use with an embedded randomized controlled trial. Setting. A Canadian province-wide call centre. Intervention. Online autotutorial, skill-building workshop, decision support protocol, and performance feedback using simulated callers. Methods. (1) Barriers assessment using a survey, interviews, focus groups, and quality audit of baseline simulated calls. (2) Comparison of intervention and control groups using a knowledge test, quality audit of simulated calls, and acceptability surveys. (3) Assessment of the uptake and sustainability of decision support using a survey, interviews, and focus groups. Results. (1) Of 108 nurses, 57 responded to the barriers survey. Nurses had positive attitudes toward patient participation in decision making and their role in supporting callers. Main barriers included inadequate nurses' knowledge, skills, and confidence in providing decision support; lack of process to guide decision support calls; patient decision aids not formatted for telephone use; low public awareness; pressure to minimize call length, and unclear program direction. (2) Compared to controls (n=20), nurses (n=19) who participated in the intervention had improved knowledge (M= 74% vs. 60%, p=0.007) and provided a higher quality of decision support particularly in the domains of discussing values and support (M= 81.3% vs. 45.8%,p<0.0001) without significantly increasing call duration (M= 18.5 vs. 16.7 min, p=0.73). Nurses were satisfied with the multifaceted intervention. Twelve control group nurses opted to complete the training after the trial concluded. (3) Within 3 months post-intervention, 25 of the 31 nurses (n=19+12) completed the decision support uptake survey. Of these, 44% had used the protocol with real callers and 88% intended to use it. Nurses spoke positively about their experiences with real callers. Suggestions to improve sustainability included integrating the protocol in the call centre database, reformatting the patient decision aids, clarifying the program direction, establishing call length guidelines tailored to call type, implementing decision support training for all staff, and publicizing the new decision support services. Conclusions. The multifaceted intervention and process evaluation measures may provide a feasible approach to expanding call centre services to include values-sensitive decision support. However, to ensure sustainability, barriers within the practice environment need to be addressed and patient outcomes evaluated.
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Dogruyol, Burak. "The Impact Of Parental Control And Support On The Development Of Chronic Self-regulatory Focus." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610018/index.pdf.
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This study examined the interplay between parenting behaviors and self-regulatory focus in a sample of 320 university freshmen. Considering the theoretical assumptions and cultural differences, it is expected that specific parenting behaviors predict prevention and/or promotion self-regulatory focus. Especially, the dimensions of parental psychological control were expected to predict prevention focus. Participants completed multiple measures of parenting behaviors and self-regulatory focus. Self-regulatory focus was measured using both direct and indirect measures (i.e., value domains) considering the theoretical formulations underlying the indirect measures. The measures of specific parenting behaviors included parental support, behavioral control, psychological control, and overprotection. Results suggested that psychological control mainly predicts prevention focus. Whereas parental blaming and love withdrawal predicted prevention focus, guilt induction predicted promotion focus under certain conditions. Besides, parental overprotection was related with higher levels of both promotion and prevention self-regulatory focuses. As expected, parental behavioral control was associated with lower levels of prevention focus and parental support was associated with higher levels of promotion focus. Examination of the relationships between both types of self-regulatory focuses and the subscales of indirect measure comprised of value domains yielded results contradictory to the original formulations. For instance, contrary to the theoretical expectations, value domain of security was strongly associated with promotion focus rather than prevention focus, signifying a potential cultural difference. Finally, results have suggested that direct and indirect measures of self-regulatory focuses do not consistently overlap and they may measure different constructs. Results were discussed on the basis of the previous work in this area and further exploration was suggested to clarify the link between direct and indirect measures of self-regulatory focus and their links to parenting behaviors.
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Sundberg, Ralph. "Values and Attitudes across Peace Operations : Change and Stability in the Political Psychology of Swedish ISAF Soldiers." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-253032.
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Participation in Peace Support Operations (PSOs) is one of the most common military duties assigned to present-day Western soldiers. Previous research concerned with the psychological effects of these missions on the individual soldier has focused on issues of mental health and how to ensure military effectiveness. This study takes a different perspective, and examines how PSOs affect the political psychology of the peace soldier, asking: how and to what extent do the sociopolitical psychological orientations of the individual soldier change as a consequence of peace support operations? The study combines theory from clinical, social, and personality psychology to construct a framework for understanding how and why the values and the attitudes toward violence of the soldier may be affected by PSO deployments. It is argued that although combat exposure may cause changes in attitudes and values, these variables will overall remain stable across the deployment. Stability is predicted to be the norm due to the importance of certain attitudes and values to the soldierly identity, and owing to the good person-environment fit that the deployment provides for the soldiers. It is also argued that the individual’s personality traits will predict levels of change and stability. Empirically, two Swedish contingents deployed to northern Afghanistan under the auspices of NATO’s ISAF mission are analyzed. Change and stability are examined by combining statistical analyses of surveys with in-depth interviews carried out at both the pre- and post-deployment stages. As hypothesized, the study finds that both values and attitudes exhibit high levels of stability across the mission. Contrary to expectations the soldiers’ experiences of combat exposure had little to no effect on attitudes and values. Combat exposure was, however, limited during the deployments studied. Finally, the individual’s personality traits are identified as being relatively potent factors for inducing change and stability. By demonstrating that low-exposure PSOs have only minor effects on the sociopolitical psychological orientations of soldiers, the study advances knowledge of the political psychology of the peace soldier and provides additional contributions to the fields of value and personality psychology. Among other things, the study demonstrates the stability of values in a very challenging environment, and how personality traits affect change and stability in values.
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Paukštė, Ugnė. "Vaikaičių vertybių sistemos ir iš senelių gaunamo socialinio palaikymo bei tarpusavio bendravimo patirties sąsajos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140603_162328-32396.
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Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti vaikaičių vertybių sistemos ir iš senelių gaunamo socialinio palaikymo bei tarpusavio bendravimo patirties sąsajas.
Tyrime dalyvavo 222 dviejų Kauno rajono mokyklų 11-12 klasių mokiniai (38% vaikinų, 62% merginų), kurių amžius svyravo nuo 16 iki 19 metų.
Vertybės buvo tiriamos M. Rokeach (1973) vertybinių orientacijų tyrimo metodika (VOT), suvokiamas socialinis palaikymas iš senelių tirtas socialinio palaikymo klausimynu (The Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey; Sherbourne C. D. and Stewart A. L. 1991).
Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė egzistuojančius vertybių skirtumus tarp lyčių: merginoms „lygybės“, „laisvės“, „grožio pasaulio“ ir „materialiai aprūpinto gyvenimo“ vertybės yra svarbesnės nei vaikinams. Kiti rezultatai atskleidė, kad dažnas vaikaičių ir senelių bendravimas susijęs su „malonumų“, „pasaulinės taikos“, „grožio pasaulio“, „save kontroliuojančio“, „mandagumo“, „tvarkingumo“, „ambicingumo“, „protingumo“, „socialinio pripažinimo“, „išminties“, „linksmumo“, „laisvės“ ir „išganymo, išsigelbėjimo“ vertybėmis, retas su „tikros, artimos draugystės“, „nacionalinio saugumo“ ir „kūrybiškumo“ vertybėmis. Vaikinų vertybės yra susijusios su suvokiamu instrumentiniu, informaciniu ir emociniu palaikymu tiek iš močiučių, tiek iš senelių vyrų, tuo tarpu merginų vertybės siejasi su suvokiamu emociniu palaikymu iš močiučių, o vertybių ir suvokiamo socialinio palaikymo iš senelių ryšys merginų grupėje nenustatytas.
Merginų vertybes prognozuoja... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The present research study examined relations between adolescents’ values, social support from grandparents and dimensions of communication between generations (frequency of communication, grandparents’ gender) in a sample of 222 adolescents (62% female; 38% male) 11-12-grade students of secondary schools in Lithuania. Social support was measured by the Social support questionnaire (The Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey; Sherbourne C. D. and Stewart A. L. 1991), values were measured by Rokeach Value Survey (1973). The results revealed differences between the values of the existing gender: female’s “equality”, “freedom”, “the world of beauty” and “comfortable life” values are more important than male. Other findings showed that frequent communication of grandchildren and grandparents related to the “pleasure”, “world at peace”, “world of beauty”, “self-controlled”, "polite”, “tidy”, “ambition”, “intellectual”, “social recognition”, “wisdom”, “joyful”, “freedom” and “salvation” values, infrequent communication was related with “true friendship”, “national security” and “creativity” values. Male values are associated with the perceived instrumental, informational and emotional support from both grandmothers and the grandfathers; female’s values associated with perceived emotional support from grandmothers, relation between female values and perceived social support from grandparents not found. Female’s values predict non-residence along with his grandparent (s)... [to full text]
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Elci, Ozcan. "Predictive Values Of Social Support, Coping Styles And Stress Level In Posttraumatic Growth And Burnout Levels Among The Parents Of Children With Autism." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605093/index.pdf.
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the predictive power of some demographic variables and ways of coping, social support and perceived stress level in predicting burnout and posttraumatic growth levels of parents who have a child with autism. Data was collected by administering a socio-demographic form and four self-report questionnaires. These were the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress Short Form (QRS), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Ways of Coping Inventory (WCI), and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). 136 adults representing 58 parent couples and 13 mothers and 7 fathers, with 71 mothers and 65 fathers who had a child with autism participated in this study. Data was collected in Özel ilgi Special Education School, BariS Special Education School, Ankara University Center of Research for Children with Autism (OÇ
EM), Bagcilar School for Children with Autism and Hacettepe University Child Psychiatry Clinic. The factor analysis of the MBI yielded two of the three factors of the original factor structure. The depersonalization factor was not found in this sample. It was found that, mothers were experiencing significantly higher emotional exhaustion than the fathers. The regression analysis results revealed that social support and problem solving/optimistic coping were significant predictors of posttraumatic growth among mothers. Social support, problem solving/optimistic coping, religiosity, age, years of marriage were the significant predictors of posttraumatic growth among fathers. Stress level was the only significant predictor of burnout and emotional exhaustion among mothers. Stress level was a significant predictor of both burnout and emotional exhaustion among fathers, but helplessness/self blaming approach was also a significant predictor of paternal burnout. Social support, problem solving/optimistic approach, and stress level were significant predictors of lack of personal accomplishment among mothers. Presence of a caregiver and helplessness/self blaming approach were the significant predictors of lack of personal accomplishment among fathers. The importance of the results for clinical interventions with parents and their shortcomings were discussed within the relevant literature.
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Le, Dantec Christopher. "Community resource messenger: a mobile system and design exploration in support of the urban homeless." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41128.
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Access to computers, to mobile phones, and to data connectivity has opened new avenues of interaction and created expectations about the flattening of society brought about by these new modes of production. These technologies have enabled us to recognize many forms of community---from close knit social groups to individuals who merely co-habit public spaces---and to support interaction with each other in novel ways.
The notion that modern digital technology holds promises of democratization by expanding access to information and broadening modes of knowledge production often fails to acknowledge that these benefits rely upon devices and infrastructure whose availability reflect socioeconomic contours; that the technologies that enable information access can also reinforce rather than obviate marginality due to barriers to access and suitability. This assessment points to opportunities for better understanding and better designing technologies for the marginalized or dispossessed.
The research presented in this dissertation discusses the findings from empirical, theoretical, and design based investigations of technology use with the urban homeless. The empirical work provides a foundation for understanding current technology practices among the homeless and their care providers. The theoretical investigation develops Deweyan publics as a novel frame for participatory design. The design-based investigation presents findings from the design and deployment of the Community Resource Messenger at a shelter for homeless mothers. The results of this research shed light on impact of social computing platforms on social service provision and on the ways the staff and residents used the Community Resource Messenger as a resource for identifying common issues and taking action to contend with those issues.
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Andrade, Taís de. "Valores organizacionais, suporte social e organizacional no trabalho: um estudo no setor bancário." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4553.
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This research was developed in order to understand the influence of organizational values on the perception of social and organizational support at work, considering the perspective of both employees and managers from the public and private banking sectors. Therefore, a descriptive research of survey type was carried out, drawing on quantitative and qualitative methodologies for the collection and analysis of results. Initially, in the quantitative stage, 332 employees from the banking industry participated, and they answered a questionnaire
developed by the Inventory Model Profiles Organizational Values (IPVO) de Oliveira and Tamayo (2004); Scale Perceived Social Support at Work (EPSST) from Gomide Jr.,
Guimaraes and Damasio (2004), and Perception Scale Organizational Support Office (EPSO), validated in Brazil by Siqueira (1995). In a second step, nine managers from the banks researched participated in the study, and they answered semi-structured interviews, based on the literature about organizational values and organizational and social support at work. Data obtained in the quantitative stage were analyzed with the help of SPSS software to perform statistical tests, while data obtained in the qualitative phase were analyzed qualitatively
through the themes determination and the content analysis. The main results show that the main organizational values of banks, as observed for both employees and managers were the Dominion and the Prestige, while the values Well-being, Autonomy and Self-Realization occupied lower positions in the hierarchy. In relation to the social support at work, the highest incidence was attributed to Informational Social Support, and the lowest priority was assigned to Emotional Social Support. In addition, Organizational Support presented the lowest incidence rate, when compared to the types of social support at work. Besides that, the multiple regression analysis revealed that the model with greater explanatory power was often represented by the Organizational Support, whose variance was explained in 70.2% by the Autonomy and Achievement Domain, and Well-being factors, followed by the model General Support, whose variance was explained in 45,6% for the values Autonomy and Achievement, Prestige and Domain. Thus, we found organizational values influence on the perception of social and organizational support at work.Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o propósito de compreender a influência dos valores organizacionais sobre a percepção de suporte social e organizacional no trabalho, sob a perspectiva dos colaboradores e gestores do setor bancário público e privado. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo do tipo survey, valendo-se de metodologias quantitativas e qualitativas para o levantamento e análise dos resultados. Inicialmente, participaram da etapa quantitativa 332 colaboradores do setor bancário, aos quais foram aplicados um questionário elaborado a partir do modelo Inventário de Perfis de Valores Organizacionais (IPVO) de Oliveira e Tamayo (2004); Escala de Percepção de Suporte Social no Trabalho (EPSST) de Gomide Jr., Guimarães e Damásio (2004); e Escala de Percepção de Suporte Organizacional (EPSO), validada no Brasil por Siqueira (1995). Em um segundo momento, participaram do estudo nove gestores dos bancos investigados, com os quais realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas, tendo como base a literatura sobre valores organizacionais e suporte social e organizacional no trabalho. Os dados obtidos na etapa quantitativa foram analisados com o apoio do software SPSS para a realização dos testes estatísticos, enquanto os dados obtidos na etapa qualitativa foram analisados através da determinação dos temas e análise de conteúdo. Os principais resultados encontrados expõem que os valores organizacionais prioritários das instituições bancárias, segundo a percepção dos colaboradores e gestores, foram o Domínio e o Prestígio, enquanto os valores Bem-estar, Autonomia e Realização ocuparam lugares inferiores na hierarquia. Em relação ao suporte social no trabalho, a maior incidência foi atribuída ao Suporte Social Informacional, enquanto a menor prioridade foi atribuída ao Suporte Social Emocional. Além disso, o Suporte Organizacional apresentou o menor nível de incidência, quando comparado aos tipos de suporte social no trabalho. Ainda, as análises de regressão múltipla revelaram que o modelo com maior poder de explicação foi representado pela variável Suporte Organizacional, cuja variância foi explicada em 70,2% pelos fatores Autonomia e Realização, Domínio e Bemestar, seguido do modelo Geral Suporte, onde a variância foi explicada em 45,6% pelos valores Autonomia e Realização, Prestígio e Domínio. Assim, identificou-se que os valores organizacionais exercem influência sobre a percepção de suporte social e organizacional no trabalho.
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Engelbrektsson, Louise. ""Min röst spelar ju inte så stor roll" : Svenska ungdomars förhållande till demokratin." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402718.
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This study examines young Swedes’ support for democracy. Previous research suggests that many young people in Sweden are sceptical about the democratic governance as well as with democracy itself. However, there is a lack of qualitative studies within the subject - leaving the research field consisting of limited questionnaires. For a broader understanding, the study aims to go into depth with a qualitative semi-structured interview design. By applying the theory of postmaterialism carried out by Robert Inglehart, it is possible to gain an understanding of Sweden’s youth and their value orientation which might influence the support for democracy. The interviews were conducted with eight upper secondary school students at the Rudbeck school in Sollentuna, thereafter transcribed and thematically analyzed. The results are systematically divided into several categories, revolving around democracy as a state of governance and its principles, political participation and the functioning of democracy. The study finds that there is a discrepancy in supporting democracy in principle and instrumentally, among the participants. While there is a strong support for democracy as a form of governance as well as democratic principles, there is also criticism towards the government, the efficiency of the system, its availability and political institutions. The results are discussed and understood from a post-materialistic perspective, deepen our understanding of young individuals relationship with democracy.
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Leonardo, Gabriel. "Politics and tax morale. the role of trust, values, and beliefs, in shaping individual attitudes towards tax compliance." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43733.
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Traditional models of tax evasion cannot explain why most people comply with their taxes. It has been proposed that taxpayers may have an intrinsic motivation (or willingness) to comply with taxes - Tax Morale. Empirical studies found that trusting government, upholding religious beliefs, and supporting democratic regimes, increase individual Tax Morale. Based on those results and drawing from related literature in Political Science, this study tests the role of trusting government institutions delivering public goods to taxpayers, ideological beliefs, individual support for political regimes, and upholding post-materialist values, on Tax Morale. Results for individuals living in democratic countries show a positive relationship between trust in government institutions and upholding democratic values on Tax Morale; a negative relationship between upholding ideological (conservative) beliefs and Tax Morale, and no relationship between upholding post-materialist values and Tax Morale. Results for individuals living under non-democratic regimes differ in some respects; whereas support for democracy is related with higher Tax Morale, other results - trust in government and ideological beliefs - differ from theoretical expectations. Overall, higher trust in government increases willingness to comply with taxes, and support for democracy elicits higher Tax Morale.
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Duregård, Agnes. "Political Climate : How Environmental Attitudes relates to Support for Radical Right-wing Parties in the Nordic Countries." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-375539.
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The Nordic countries are geographically, culturally and politically close, and have all witnessed an upsurge in support for radical right-wing parties over the past decades. Although the five parties: the Danish People’s Party, the Finns Party, the Icelandic Progressive Party, the Norwegian Progress Party, and the Sweden Democrats, are different when it comes to party history and how accepted they have been by other parties, they are today similar in their anti-immigration rhetoric, their critique of the established elites and to some extent their welfare chauvinism. According to theories on radical right-wing parties and environmental attitudes, caring for nature and the environment would make a person less probable to vote for a radical right-wing party. Using data from the European Social Survey, the relationship between environmental attitudes and radical right-wing support is examined. The initial results support this thesis, but when adding control variables the relationship is no longer significant. However, when looking at the countries separately, it shows that the relationship between environmental values and radical right-wing voting varies across the Nordic countries. Here, Norway stands out as the country with the strongest negative relationship between environmental values and support for radical right-wing parties.
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Mthembu, Oscar Sandile. "An integrated model of the impact of individual cultural values and the mediating effect of job satisfaction, organisational commitment and perceived support on turnover intention." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5728.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDEmployee turnover presents a number of negative organisational outcomes, such as loss of human capital, skills, organisational memory and investment on employee training and development. Theory and empirical research have shown that the most immediate predecessor of employee turnover behaviour is turnover intention, or intention to quit. It is envisaged in this study that attracting and selecting employees who possess individual cultural value dimensions that are aligned with those of the organisation could impact positively on employee intention to stay in the organisation. The effect of job-related attitudes (i.e. employee job satisfaction and organisational commitment) on turnover intention has been established in a number of empirical studies. It is hypothesised in this study that Hofstede's cultural value dimensions of collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity and long-term orientation at individual level can help explain and predict job satisfaction and organisational commitment. In turn, job satisfaction and organisational commitment will decrease employees' intention to leave an organisation.
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McLean, Ryan David. "Be Good for Goodness' Sake: Parenting Practices that Promote Value-Congruent Behavior During Adolescence." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8603.
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Research indicates that adolescence is an especially crucial time for developing habits of values congruent behavior that will persist throughout the lifespan. Past research has suggested that parents may play an important role in socializing their children, however few studies have looked at the mechanism through which this socialization occurs. The current study explored associations between different types of proactive and reactive parenting and value congruent behavior using nationally representative data from across three years during adolescence. Additionally, the current study attempted to further explain these associations through the mechanism of extrinsic and intrinsic values regulation. The current sample included 500 families including parents (67.7% two-parent families, 69.9% of mothers and 68% of fathers had a bachelor's degree or higher) and an adolescent (Mean = 13.89 years, 50.9% female, 70.4% European Descent) from the Northwestern USA. The hypotheses of the study were tested using structural equation models. Results of the study were not strong enough to confirm direct or indirect associations among study variables, and results should be interpreted with caution. One finding suggested that reactive parenting practices may be detrimental, above and beyond the level of autonomy granted to adolescents, in that reactive parenting practices were associated with higher rates of deviant peer association and delinquent behavior. Discussion focuses on future studies and methodologies that may be better able to detect meaningful associations.
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Young, William Albert II. "A Team-Compatibility Decision Support System to Model the NFL Knapsack Problem: An Introduction to HEART." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1273158239.
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Yang, Jun. "A Cultural Analysis of Employees' Work Values and Their Consequences for Work-Related Outcomes: The Case of China." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2327.
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To create and maintain a fully engaged workforce, establishing person-organization (P-O) fit among employees has continued to be a central focus of organizational research. In addition, with growing numbers of older workers approaching retirement age, younger workers will soon become the dominant segment of the future workforce. Given this unfolding population trend, it has become increasingly necessary for organizations to gain a clearer understanding of the work values of the growing young population of workers and how P-O fit based on those work values may be linked to desirable work-related attitudes and behaviors.
The overarching aim of this dissertation is two-fold: (1) investigate the generational differences and similarities in work values among younger Chinese workers; (2) uncover the underlying mechanisms by which the linkages between the work-value-based person-organization fit and employee work outcomes may be influenced by the impact of leader-member exchange (LMX) and perceived organizational support (POS).
In this study, I used a research design that blended interviews and two survey-based studies to address four main research questions. More specifically, I conducted a pilot test to refine the work-value scale in China, and to pretest the established and validated measures for the key variables. In the second study, I gathered survey data from a sample of 179 employees from three Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
The research findings showed no significant differences in employee work values between the two younger generations (i.e., the Social-Reform Generation and the Millennials Generation). Regarding the hypothesized conceptual scheme that links P-O fit and work outcomes, the results supported most of my hypotheses. Specifically, P-O fit is a significant predictor of three important work outcomes; it is positively related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment, while negatively related to turnover intention after controlling for demographic characteristics. The three hypothesized mediating mechanisms involving POS also received empirical support. That is, as predicted, POS mediates the effect of P-O fit on job satisfaction, organizational support, and turnover intention. Finally, when LMX was incorporated into the conceptual model and statistical analyses, the findings revealed that there was overall moderated mediation for the connections between P-O fit, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment, but no moderated mediation for the connection between P-O fit and turnover intention.
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Berkey, Rebecca Elaine. "Just Farming: An Environmental Justice Perspective on the Capacity of Grassroots Organizations to Support the Rights of Organic Farmers and Laborers." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1408359645.
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Estevam, Ionara Dantas. "Adolescente em conflito com a lei, resiliência, valores humanos e suporte familiar: um estudo das representações sociais." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6899.
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Crime and urban violence, committed by adolescents have reached high levels of intensity and frequency, in recent years requiring a deep analysis of their causes which are characterized in common sense as complex and multifaceted, revealing problems of psychological, relational, political, social and economic orders. These difficulties require studies in order to formulate scientific understanding for their prevention and / or intervention. Based on those principles, the general objective of this thesis was to identify the social representations of institutionalized adolescents in conflict with the law, and not institutionalized adolescents who are not in conflict with the law, concerning adolescence, violence, future, as well as, the measurement of resilience, basic values and family support issues. This research was developed according to the theoretical Moscovician s social representations SR, and other theories that support the studies of resilience, human values and family support. It was a field study, characterized by a multimethod approach, which used a qualitative and quantitative methodology. The locus of research counted on a ressocialized institution referred to as deprivation of liberty (104 adolescents) and public schools (104 adolescents) located in the suburbs of João Pessoa, totaling 208 participants. Five instruments were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Technique of Free Association of Words (TFAW) in which the obtained data were processed by software Tri- Deux-Mots (version 2.2), the Resilience Scale developed by Wagnild and Young (RS), the Basic Values Questionnaire developed by Gouveia (BVQ) and the Family Support Perception Inventory (FSPI). The data of these last three were processed by the software SPPS (version 15). The results of the Sociodemographic Questionnaire revealed that delinquent adolescents are deprived of their liberty for committing robbery, murder and drug trafficking. These adolescents have lower education compared to the group of non delinquent adolescents, having various types of family arrangements. The results of TFAW objectified representations of adolescence (stimulus 1) entertainment, gaming and dating; those terms are similar for both groups. of adolescents; violence (stimulus 2), the adolescents represented differently, compared to non delinquent group, anchoring it in social representations of economic and political orders, and the delinquent adolescents represented with objective expressions of violence such as killing, stealing, hitting, the future (stimulus 3) objectified representations of life changes for both groups of adolescents. The RS, the BVQ and the FSPI showed that delinquent adolescents are less resilient, have less family support and their human values are guided to the experimentation, existence, normative and supra-personal, compared to the non delinquent adolescents who are more resilient, have more family support, their human values are more oriented to achievement and social interaction. Based on the findings the parameters of family support, resilience and human values must be understood as strengthening psychosocial factors, which may be constructed in the families, in the ressocialized educational institutions and in the community.
A criminalidade e a violência urbana, praticada por adolescentes, têm atingido índices elevados, tanto de intensidade, quanto de frequência, nos últimos anos, exigindo uma análise profunda de suas causas, a qual sabe, no senso comum, que são complexas e multifacetadas, retratando, atualmente, um problema psíquico, relacional, político, social, econômico, que precisa ser estudado, para que se possam formular proposições científicas de prevenção e/ou intervenção. Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral da presente tese foi identificar as representações sociais dos adolescentes institucionalizados, em conflito com a lei; e não institucionalizados, e sem conflito com a lei, acerca da adolescência, violência, futuro, bem como a mensuração da resiliência, valores básicos e suporte familiar desses mesmos jovens. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foi utilizado o aporte teórico Moscoviciano das representações sociais RS, acompanhado das teorias que subsidiam os estudos da resiliência, valores humanos e suporte familiar. Tratou-se de um estudo de campo, inserido, em uma abordagem multimétodo, que utilizou uma metodologia qualitativa e quantitativa. O lócus de investigação situou-se numa instituição ressocializadora de privação de liberdade (104 adolescentes), e escolas da rede pública (104 adolescentes) de bairros da periferia da cidade de João Pessoa-PB, totalizando 208 participantes. Foram utilizados cinco instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico, a Técnica de Associação Livre de Palavras (TALP), cujos dados foram tratados pelo software Tri-Deux-Mots (versão 2.2); a Escala de Resiliência de Wagnild e Young (ERES), o Questionário dos Valores Básicos (QVB) e o Inventário de Percepção de Suporte Familiar (IPSF). Os dados desses três últimos foram tratados pelo software SPPS (versão 15). Os resultados do Questionário Sociodemográfico demonstraram que os adolescentes delinquentes estão privados de liberdade, por cometerem atos infracionais de assalto, homicídio e tráfico de drogas; apresentam escolaridade inferior ao grupo dos não delinquentes e possuem vários tipos de arranjos familiares. Os resultados da TALP objetivaram representações sociais da adolescência (estímulo 1) em diversão, jogos e namoros similares para os dois grupos de adolescentes; a violência (estímulo 2), os adolescentes representaram, diferentemente, com os adolescentes não delinquentes, ancorando em representações sociais, econômicas e políticas, e os adolescentes delinquentes representando com expressões objetivas da violência, como matar, roubar, bater; o futuro (estímulo 3) objetivaram representações de mudanças de vida para ambos os adolescentes. A ERES, o QVB e o IPSF apontaram que os adolescentes delinquentes são menos resilientes, possuem menos suporte familiar e predominam valores humanos de experimentação, existência, suprapessoal e normativo, em relação aos adolescentes não delinquentes, que são mais resilientes, possuem maior suporte familiar e valores humanos mais orientados para a realização e interação social. Em suma, verificou-se que os parâmetros de suporte familiar, valores humanos e resiliência sejam entendidos como fatores de fortalecimento psicossocial, passíveis de serem construídos, nas famílias, instituições ressocializadoras e escolares e na comunidade.
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Pieroni, Juliana Martinez. "RESILIÊNCIA, VALORES HUMANOS E PERCEPÇÃO DE SUPORTE SOCIAL EM PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2012. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1314.
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Previous issue date: 2012-09-13Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The current perspective of psychological science, coupled with all aspects of positive psychology and health, allows researching of the resilience phenomenon, turning old questions into new understanding possibilities, and admitting a positive outlook of human beings, rather than looking at its negative aspects, focusing instead on all virtuous aspects, such as resilience, happiness, optimism, altruism, hope, as favorable resources for health maintenance and promotion. The perception of social support protects individuals against destabilization, and human values contribute to human decision-making and choices for conflict resolution. The aim of this research was to determine whether human values and perceptions of social support predict resilience in health care professionals. 127 Brazilians took part on the research, all of them being health professionals, 76% female, mean age of 38 years, and mostly married. The instruments used for data collection were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Resilience Assessment Scale, the Questionnaire Profiles QPV Values Scale and Perceived Social Support EPSS. Calculations of descriptive statistics, t tests and standard multiple linear regression analysis were made. The results showed that the participants have high levels of resilience, apprehending that they receive more emotional support, move and guide their actions and behaviors for the positive welfare of others. Results of regression analysis revealed that only human values are predictors of resilience. These findings contribute to the understanding of the construct of resilience as a state or process, and therefore, as a dynamic phenomenon that takes into account the context in which the human being is inserted. It also reveals the importance of individual characteristics in explaining this phenomenon. Given the limitations of this study and considering that no empirical study was found prior to this research on the influence of values on human resilience, the results indicate the need for development of further researching to better understand the predictors of resilience. A research agenda is suggested at the end of the conclusions.
A perspectiva atual da ciência psicológica, somada aos aspectos da psicologia positiva e da saúde, permite estudar o fenômeno da resiliência, transformando velhas questões em novas possibilidades de compreensão, permitindo um olhar positivo dos seres humanos, focando ao invés de aspectos negativos, os aspectos virtuosos, tais como: resiliência, felicidade, otimismo, altruísmo, esperança, como sendo recursos favoráveis para manutenção e promoção da saúde. A percepção do suporte social protege os indivíduos contra a desestabilização, e os valores humanos contribuem na tomada de decisão e nas escolhas para a resolução de conflitos. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se valores humanos e percepção de suporte social predizem resiliência em profissionais da saúde. Participaram 127 brasileiros, profissionais da saúde, sendo 76% do sexo feminino, com idade média de 38 anos, em sua maioria, casados. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram um questionário de dados sociodemográficos, a Escala de Avaliação de Resiliência, o Questionário de Perfis de Valores QPV e Escala de Percepção de Suporte Social EPSS. Foram calculadas estatísticas descritivas, testes t e análises de regressão lineares múltiplas padrão. Os resultados revelaram que os participantes possuem bons níveis de resiliência, percebem que recebem mais suporte afetivo e movem e guiam suas ações e comportamentos pelo bem-estar dos outros. Resultados das análises de regressão revelaram que apenas valores humanos são preditores de resiliência. Estes achados contribuem para a compreensão do constructo de resiliência como um estado ou processo, portanto, como um fenômeno dinâmico que leva em consideração o contexto onde o ser humano está inserido, mas revela também a importância das características individuais na explicação deste fenômeno. Tendo em vista as limitações deste estudo e considerando que não foi encontrado nenhum estudo empírico acerca da influencia dos valores humanos sobre a resiliência, os resultados indicam a necessidade de desenvolvimentos de mais estudos para melhor compreensão dos preditores de resiliência e uma agenda de pesquisa é sugerida ao final das conclusões.
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Defenderfer, Jessica A. "Differences in Group Value Priorities and Their Impact on Political Candidate Support:A Consideration of Sex, Party, and Race." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437481671.
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Bloom, Lindsey A. "Eat wild fish, support sustainable economy, save wild places : an Inquiry into consumer values and buying power in relation to the conservation of salmon habitat and sustainable economic development in Bristol Bay, Alaska /." Click here to view full text, 2007.
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Corkin, Lucy Jane. "A decade of democracy : comparing trends in support for democracy in South Africa and Brazil since democratic transition." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16271.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Brazil and South Africa were both part of the global “third-wave” of democracy, the beginnings of their democratic transitions occurring in 1985 and 1994 respectively. Despite having been formerly subjected to decades of authoritarian rule, both countries experienced a modicum of democratic practice, however limited in franchise, under the previous regimes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the levels of support for democracy in Brazil and South Africa since democratic transition. Two types of political support are identified as crucial for democratic sustainability: diffuse support, or support for democracy’s intrinsic principles, and specific support, support which is conditional on the positive evaluation of the regime institutions and incumbents. These two types of political support are conceptualized as encompassing five levels or objects of political support, according to the Norris model: the political community, regime principles, regime performance (diffuse support), regime institutions and political actors (specific support). This study proposes that because vestiges of democratic norms and practices have been present within these countries’ political systems for some time, it is possible that they will manifest trends in support similar to much older, more established democracies. These global trends indicate that diffuse support for democracy is being maintained while specific support for democracy is waning. A longitudinal quantitative study was conducted, using consecutive waves of World Values Survey to operationalize support for democracy in terms of the five abovementioned political objects and the results of South Africa and Brazil compared. These results show that both case studies could be interpreted as having fairly high levels of diffuse support and decreasing levels of specific support for democracy. It is however acknowledged that results are not conclusive and further research is required, especially with respect to how respondents conceptualize the term ‘democracy’.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Brasilië en Suid-Afrika was albei deel van die globale “derde golf” van demokrasie, met die aanvang van hulle oorgang na demokrasie onderskeidelik in 1985 en 1994. Ten spyte daarvan dat hierdie twee lande voormalig aan dekades van outoritêre gesag onderwerp is, het albei, hoewel beperk in stemreg, ’n mate van demokratiese praktyk onder ’n vorige bestel ervaar. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die steunvlakke vir demokrasie in Brasilië en Suid- Afrika sedert hulle oorgang na demokrasie te ondersoek. Twee soorte politieke steun word geïdentifiseer as deurslaggewend vir demokratiese volhoubaarheid: verspreide steun – of steun vir die intrinsieke beginsels van demokrasie – en spesifieke steun – steun wat van die positiewe evaluering van die regime se instellings en ampsbekleders afhang. Hierdie twee soorte politieke steun word deur vyf konsepte voorgestel wat die vyf vlakke of voorwerpe van politieke steun volgens die Norris-model dek: die politieke gemeenskap, regimebeginsels, regimeprestasie (verspreide steun), regime-instellings en politieke akteurs (spesifieke steun). Hierdie studie stel voor dat, aangesien spore van demokratiese norme en praktyke vir ’n geruime tyd binne hierdie lande se politieke stelsels teenwoordig was, dit moontlik is dat hulle steuntendense sal toon wat aan baie ouer, meer gevestigde demokrasieë soortgelyk is. Hierdie globale tendense toon dat verspreide steun vir demokrasie gehandhaaf word terwyl spesifieke steun vir demokrasie aan die kwyn is. ’n Longitudinale kwantitatiewe studie is onderneem wat van opeenvolgende siklusse van die “World Values Survey” gebruik maak om steun vir demokrasie in terme van die vyf bogenoemde politieke voorwerpe uit te beeld. Die resultate van Suid-Afrika en Brasilië is daarna vergelyk. Uit hierdie resultate sou afgelei kon word dat redelik hoë vlakke van verspreide steun en dalende vlakke van spesifieke steun vir demokrasie in beide gevalle voorkom. Daar word egter erken dat resultate nie beslissend is nie en dat verdere navorsing nodig is, in besonder met betrekking tot respondente se begrip van die term ‘demokrasie’.
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Johansson, Julia, and Linda Karlström. ""Första veckan ska man bara lära sig att hitta till kaffeautomaten" : En kvalitativ studie om tjänstemäns onboardingprocess." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95351.
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Syfte: Syftet med studien är att skapa förståelse för en organisations specifika onboardingprocess och vilka delar som beskrivs viktiga för att en nyanställd ska komma in i sin roll samt organisationen utifrån HR-funktionens, chefer och nyanställdas perspektiv. Förhoppningen med studien är också att nyckelpersoner inom onboarding kan använda sig av studiens resultat för att reflektera över hur onboardingprocessen upplevs och fungerar i deras organisation. Metod: Studien är en kvalitativ fallstudie med induktiv ansats. Det empiriska materialet har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna genomfördes med fem tjänstemän, två chefer och en HR-manager. Slutsats: Studien framställer flertalet centrala delar med onboardingprocessen utifrån de tre perspektiven. Det mest centrala under processen, i det specifika fallet, är att kunna arbeta med individanpassning för att möta samtliga behov. Även tidsaspekten är en av de mest centrala delarna som påverkar upplevelsen av onboarding.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create an understanding of an organisation’s specific onboarding process. The aim is also to provide an understanding of the essential parts in adapting to the position and organisation described by the HR-function, managers and officials. The results of the study will hopefully provide key individuals in the field of onboarding with the opportunity to reflect on how the onboarding process is experienced and how it functions in their organisation. Method: This study is a qualitative case study with an inductive approach. The empirical material has been collected through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted with five officials, two managers and one HR manager. Conclusion: This study highlights a number of essential parts regarding the onboarding based on the three perspectives. The most essential part in this specific case is being able to work with individual factors to satisfy the needs of the new employee. The aspect of time is also one of the most essential parts that will affect the experience of onboarding.
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Bednář, Martin. "Vyhodnocování účinnosti strojů pro zabezpečení výrobního úkolu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229901.
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This master’s thesis is focused on an analysis and data evaluation of effectiveness of tool machines and their maintenance. There is a description of a technical production handling in the first part of the theoretical section. In the second part one of the most productive options to increase the productivity of the machine maintenance is described, and so it is the TPM (total productive maintenance). The practical part consists of an analysis of given dates and their evaluation for company needs. Recommendations and suggestions for the improvement are presented at the end of the thesis.
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Wasteson, Elisabet. "Living and Coping with Cancer : Specific Challenges and Adaptation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7784.
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Martins, Vanessa Sofia Ribeiro de Almeida Pires. "Análise do papel das práticas de recursos humanos como facilitadoras ou inibidoras da conciliação trabalho-vida familiar:a perceção das organizações como amigas das famílias." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16635.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Políticas de Desenvolvimento dos Recursos HumanosNa sociedade em geral, e com grande atualidade em Portugal, tem-se assistido a um debate crescente da relação entre as condições laborais e a conciliação entre as responsabilidades familiares e profissionais dos trabalhadores. Este estudo procura aprofundar o conhecimento do papel das práticas de recursos humanos como facilitadoras ou inibidoras da conciliação entre o trabalho e a vida familiar. Analisa-se a relação existente entre valores organizacionais positivos, práticas de recursos humanos de suporte à família e atitudes de suporte familiar da parte dos gestores na formação da perceção das organizações como amigas das famílias. Em termos metodológicos optou-se por uma abordagem do tipo mista – análise qualitativa (entrevistas a gestores de recursos humanos) seguida de uma análise quantitativa (inquérito a 1156 empregados das organizações selecionadas no estudo). Verifica-se uma tentativa das empresas em implementar práticas e definir objetivos que tenham uma influência positiva na conciliação entre o trabalho e família e com impacto favorável na concretização dos projetos familiares dos empregados. No entanto, os dados quantitativos mostram que ainda não satisfazem totalmente as necessidades dos empregados. Os resultados dão suporte à influência relevante de todas as variáveis analisadas. Foram discutidas as conclusões dos resultados obtidos e sugeridas pistas para investigações futuras.
In society in general, and in Portugal specially, there has been a growing debate on the balance between the working conditions and workers’ family and professional responsibilities. This study seeks to deepen the understanding of the role of human resource practices as facilitators or inhibitors of the balance between work and family life. It is analyzed the relationship between positive organizational values, practices of human resources supportive of the family, and managers’ family supporting attitudes in the formation of the perception of organizations as being family supportive. In methodological terms, a mixed approach was chosen - qualitative analysis (interviews with human resource managers) followed by a quantitative analysis (survey of 1.156 employees of the organizations participating in the study). There is an attempt by companies to implement practices and define objectives that have a positive influence on the balance between work and family as well as a favorable impact on the implementation of the employees' family projects. However, the quantitative data shows that they still do not completely meet employees’ needs. The results support the relevant influence of all target variables. The main conclusions are discussed and ideas for future research are suggested.
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Freitas, Lucia Helena Walendy de. "OTIMISMO, SUPORTE SOCIAL E VALORES DO TRABALHO COMO ANTECEDENTES DE BEM ESTAR SUBJETIVO DE TRABALHADORES." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2009. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1439.
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-10The goal of this study was to verify the capacity of optimism, social support and work values as being predictors of subjective well-being, as well as to analyze the relations of the demographic variables with this study s variables, describe them and examine the relations between them. The sample consisted of 47 men and 101 women with average age of 41 years (SD = 10,72) who sought for help in an institution for their professional transition. The gathering data instrument was an auto fill questionnaire composed by five measures included in the study: optimism, perception of social support, work values, general satisfaction with life and positive and negative affects, as well as demographic variable: sex, age, studies, volunteering, work, marital status and time at the institution. Descriptive statistic analyses were done, differences between averages, correlations and variable analyses were tested and models of linear regressions were calculated. The relations among study variables and demographic variables revealed that people who do not study notice to have more practical support (tangible and appraisal supports) and give more importance to motivations of auto-promotion and prestige than the ones who study. The youngest aging up to 30 report that they notice having more emotional and practical support (tangible and appraisal supports) than the oldest ones. With the advance of age, the perceptions of emotional and social support decrease, however people older than 50 revealed less negative affect and more satisfaction with life than the youngest. Married individuals revealed to give less importance than separated, divorced and widowers, etc. to the stability at work and financial security; single individuals revealed to have more negative affects than married ones. Men related to feel more satisfied with life, to have more positive affects and less negative affects than women. The ones who do volunteer work revealed to be more optimistic and to have less negative affects than the ones who don t. Data revealed that the researched have a good level of optimism and a perception of emotional support higher than the perception of practical support (tangible and appraisal supports); they are motivated mainly by goals of achievement at work and by stability and financial security; they feel indifferent towards satisfaction with life; present positive affects a little above indifference, however they feel little negative affects. Deriving from this, a little more than two thirds of the investigated present prevailing of emotional positive state over the negative. The optimism was the variable which established more and higher associations; it positively correlated with values of achievement at work, with values of social relations, with values of prestigious work, with satisfaction with life and positive affects; and it negatively correlated with negative affects. The perception of emotional support positively correlated with values of prestige, positive affects and with satisfaction with life; and correlated negatively with negative affects. The perception of practical support (tangible and appraisal supports) did not present significant correlations with any study variable. Positive affects positively correlated with work values of social relations and with values of prestigious work. From the analyses of three predictive models it was found that optimism and emotional support echoes positively over satisfaction with life and positive affects. Optimism echoes negatively over negative affects. Values of prestigious work echoes positively over positive affects. Stability values echo negatively over satisfaction with life and positive affects; and positively over negative affects. The results of this study have shown that the optimistic state is a powerful positive impact factor over the health state called subjective well-being.(AU)
Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar a capacidade de otimismo, de suporte social e de valores do trabalho serem preditores de bem estar subjetivo, bem como analisar as relações de variáveis demográficas com essas variáveis de estudo, descrevê-las e examinar as relações entre elas. A amostra consistiu de 47 homens e de 101 mulheres com idade média de 41,00 anos (DP =10,72) que buscavam apoio em instituição para sua transição profissional. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário de autopreenchimento composto por cinco medidas que aferiram as variáveis incluídas no estudo: otimismo, percepção de suporte social, valores do trabalho, satisfação geral com a vida e afetos positivos e negativos, bem como variáveis demográficas: sexo, idade, estudo, trabalho, voluntariado, estado civil e permanência na instituição. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas, testadas diferenças entre médias, correlações, análise de variância e calculados modelos de regressão linear múltipla. As relações das variáveis de estudo com variáveis demográficas revelaram que as pessoas que não estudam percebem ter mais suporte prático e dão mais importância a motivações de autopromoção e de prestígio do que as que estudam. Os mais jovens com até 30 anos relataram que se percebem tendo mais apoio emocional e prático do que os mais velhos. Com o avanço da idade diminuem as percepções de suporte emocional e prático, contudo as pessoas com mais de 50 anos revelaram menos afetos negativos e maior satisfação com a vida do que os mais jovens. Casados revelaram dar menos importância do que separados, divorciados, viúvos, etc. à estabilidade no trabalho e segurança financeira; solteiros revelaram ter mais afetos negativos do que os casados. Homens relataram se sentir mais satisfeitos com a vida, ter mais afetos positivos e menos afetos negativos que mulheres. Quem realiza trabalho voluntário revelou ser mais otimista e ter menos afetos negativos do que aqueles que não realizam. Os dados revelaram que os pesquisados têm um bom nível de otimismo e uma percepção de suporte emocional maior do que a percepção de suporte prático; são motivados, principalmente por metas de realização no trabalho e de estabilidade e segurança financeira; sentem-se indiferentes quanto à satisfação com a vida; apresentam afetos positivos um pouco acima da indiferença; contudo sentem poucos afetos negativos. Disso decorre que um pouco mais de dois terços dos pesquisados apresentaram predominância de estados emocionais positivos sobre os negativos. O otimismo foi a variável que estabeleceu associações mais altas e em maior quantidade; correlacionou positivamente com valores de realização no trabalho, com valores de relações sociais, com valores do trabalho de prestígio, com satisfação com a vida e com afetos positivos; e correlacionou negativamente com afetos negativos. A percepção de suporte emocional correlacionou positivamente com valores de prestígio, afetos positivos e com satisfação com a vida; e correlacionou negativamente com afetos negativos. Percepção de suporte prático não apresentou correlações significativas com nenhuma variável de estudo. Afetos positivos correlacionaram-se positivamente com valores do trabalho de relações sociais e com valores do trabalho de prestígio. A partir da análise de três modelos preditivos encontrou-se que otimismo e suporte emocional repercutem positivamente sobre a satisfação com a vida e sobre afetos positivos. Otimismo repercute negativamente sobre afetos negativos. Valores do trabalho de prestígio repercutem positivamente sobre afetos positivos. Valores de estabilidade repercutem negativamente sobre satisfação com a vida e sobre afetos positivos; e positivamente sobre afetos negativos. Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que o estado otimista é um poderoso fator de impacto positivo sobre o estado de saúde denominado bem estar subjetivo.(AU)
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Boafo, Komikuma. "Etude de deux politiques éducatives de lutte contre les difficultés d’apprentissage : Analyse des facteurs influençant les pratiques pédagogiques dans les dispositifs d’accompagnement à la scolarité en France et des cours de répétition au Togo." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0050.
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Cette thèse vise à analyser l’influence des motivations, des profils (professions) des accompagnateurs et des valeurs institutionnelles sur les pratiques pédagogiques dans les dispositifs d’accompagnement à la scolarité en France et des cours de répétition au Togo. Les résultats ont mis en évidence la primauté de la performance des élèves sur l’intégration sociale des accompagnés. Deux compétences sont les plus utilisées : l’écoute des élèves (France) et la centralisation des activités sur les besoins des accompagnés (Togo). La pédagogie traditionnelle, utilisée couramment dans les dispositifs, est influencée par les motivations, le profil des accompagnateurs et les valeurs institutionnelles. La perspective de la formation des accompagnateurs à la diversité pédagogique et à la pédagogie de l’enfant est à envisager afin de faire de ces dispositifs un potentiel important d’apprentissage aux élèves accompagnésThis thesis aims to analyze the influence of motivations, profiles (professions) of companions and institutional values on teaching practices in the facilities of support for schooling in France and rehearsal courses in Togo. The results highlight that academic performance of the students takes precedence over their social integration. Two skills are the most used : listening to students (France) and centralization of activities on the needs of the accompanied (Togo). Traditional pedagogy, the most used, is impacted by the motivations, profils of companions and institutional values. Prospect of training companions in pedagogical diversity and pupil pedagogy should be considered in order to make these facilities a significant learning potential for accompanied pupils
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Jarvis, Renee Lauren. "Factors participants value in breast cancer support groups." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3112.
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Tao, Cheng. "Decision-Making Support by a Value-Driven Design Model." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-11881.
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This thesis analyses the use of value models as boundary objects to support decision making during conceptual design of Product-Service Systems. Compared to requirements-based models, value models are claimed to enhance understanding of the design problems and customer needs, as well as to help the design team in creating more value adding solutions. The work of this thesis was to prepare, conduct and analyse a series of design experiments, which are are based on the continuous observations of designers’ verbalized design considerations. Protocol analysis was conducted to investigate how value models perform as boundary objects in design, in comparison with requirements-based models. The time spent on each different activity in the protocol has been used as main proxy in the experiment. Data triangulation was ensured by the use of a questionnaire that was answered by all participants. Both methods revealed that in the preliminary phase, value models are more effective than requirements-based models in conveying intuitive value-related information, assessing intangibles value aspects, and encouraging discussions on value concerns.
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Anand, Sarabjot Singh. "Value-adding intelligence in clinical prognostic systems." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311514.
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Nicoll, Madonna A. ""I'm a person of value": People with intellectual disability negotiating paid support relationships." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/232631/1/Madonna_Nicoll_Thesis.pdf.
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Changing philosophies affect change in how people with disability are supported. In Australia, paid workers provide most formal services in people’s homes. However, the experience of support from the perspective of those accessing services is concealed. This qualitative research analysed accounts of people with intellectual disability to reveal their experiences of support. Contrasting dominant social narratives of dependence, ‘being a person of value’ was a central theme in the perception and presentation of self in support relationships. These findings call for support agencies to offer greater respect, person-centredness, choice and control to people with intellectual disability.
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Lamey, Andy. "Value pluralism as a support to liberalism, rebuilding Berlin's bridge." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0003/MQ45232.pdf.
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Sethi, Iccha. "Clinician Decision Support Dashboard: Extracting value from Electronic Medical Records." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41894.
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Medical records are rapidly being digitized to electronic medical records. Although Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) improve administration, billing, and logistics, an open research problem remains as to how doctors can leverage EMRs to enhance patient care. This thesis describes a system that analyzes a patientâ s evolving EMR in context with available biomedical knowledge and the accumulated experience recorded in various text sources including the EMRs of other patients. The aim of the Clinician Decision Support (CDS) Dashboard is to provide interactive, automated, actionable EMR text-mining tools that help improve both the patient and clinical care staff experience. The CDS Dashboard, in a secure network, helps physicians find de-identified electronic medical records similar to their patient's medical record thereby aiding them in diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and outcomes. It is of particular value in cases involving complex disorders, and also allows physicians to explore relevant medical literature, recent research findings, clinical trials and medical cases. A pilot study done with medical students at the Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Research Institute (VTC) showed that 89% of them found the CDS Dashboard to be useful in aiding patient care for doctors and 81% of them found it useful for aiding medical students pedagogically. Additionally, over 81% of the medical students found the tool user friendly. The CDS Dashboard is constructed using a multidisciplinary approach including: computer science, medicine, biomedical research, and human-machine interfacing. Our multidisciplinary approach combined with the high usability scores obtained from VTC indicated the CDS Dashboard has a high potential value to clinicians and medical students.Master of Science
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SPRINGER, JULIAN, and MIKO KINNUNEN. "Value creation through digital services in start-up support organisations." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239721.
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Background and purpose - Digitisation is connecting various business actors to create interconnected ecosystems through digital platforms. Meanwhile entrepreneurial ecosystems are offering various benefits for start-ups e.g. through support organisations that offer services for them. Currently, these start-up support organisations face the challenge of leveraging digital services to create value for their member start-ups. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the digital services offered in start-up support organisations create value for start-ups. Approach - From a theoretical perspective, the sociology of value and service dominant logic concepts such as value co-creation and service ecosystems are considered. Qualitative methods were used to conduct a pre-study and an in-depth case study with a start-up hub in Stockholm's entrepreneurial ecosystem. Data was collected using 18 semi-structured interviews with start-ups and other actors in the ecosystem and participant observations of 17 events. Findings - Needs and challenges for start-ups were identified and mapped against the digital services used by the start-ups. These services facilitate interaction between various actors in the start-up hub. Seven interconnected value types for the start-ups were identified emerging from the use of digital and non-digital services in the start-up hub. Moreover, many of the digital services are not provided by the start-up hub alone but in collaboration with other actors, connecting the start-up hub to other actors in the start-up ecosystem. Research limitations and implications - The findings contribute to the understanding of how start-up support organisations leverage digital services to support their member start-ups. The connection of digital service usage to the creation of various value types provides a theoretical concept to research about service ecosystem. As the study has been conducted with a limited number of respondents and events in Stockholm, further research in other ecosystems and using different methods is suggested to ensure generalisability of the findings of this study. Practical implications - A number of practical suggestions for start-up support organisations can be derived from the findings, including that start-up support organisations can benefit from establishing and moderating a digital community, involving several actors from the ecosystem and continuously adapting digital services to the changing environment and needs of start-ups. Originality - To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first study to investigate digital services in entrepreneurial ecosystems from the perspective of value in service ecosystems.Bakgrund och syfte - Digitalisering förbinder olika affärsaktörer för att skapa sammankopplade ekosystem genom digitala plattformar. Samtidigt erbjuder start-up ekosystem olika fördelar för start-ups, till exempel genom stödorganisationer som erbjuder tjänster för start-ups. För tillfället möter dessa start-up stödorganisationer utmaningen att utnyttja digitala tjänster för att skapa värde för sina medlems start-ups. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur de digitala tjänster som erbjuds av stödorganisationerna skapar värde för start-ups. Tillvägagångssätt - Från ett teoretiskt perspektiv beaktas sociologin av värde och service dominerande logik begrepp som värde medskapande och serviceekosystem. Kvalitativa metoder användes för att genomföra en förstudie och en fördjupad fallstudie med ett start-up hub i Stockholms entreprenörsekosystem. Data samlades in med 18 halvstrukturerade intervjuer med start-ups och andra aktörer i ekosystemet och deltagarobservationer av 17 evenemang. Fynd - Behov och utmaningar för start-ups identifierades och mappades mot de digitala tjänster som start-ups använde. Dessa tjänster underlättar interaktion mellan olika aktörer i start-up hubben. Sju sammankopplade värdetyper för start-ups identifierades som en följd av användningen av digitala och icke-digitala tjänster i start-up hubben. Dessutom är många av de digitala tjänsterna inte tillhandahållen av start-uperna ensam men i samarbete med andra aktörer, som kopplar ihop start-up hubben till andra aktörer i start-up ekosystemet. Forskningsbegränsningar och konsekvenser - Fynden bidrar till att förstå hur start-up stödorganisationer utnyttjar digitala tjänster för att stöda sina medlemmar. Anslutningen av digital serviceanvändning till skapandet av olika värdetyper ger ett teoretiskt koncept för att undersöka serviceekosystemet. Eftersom studien har genomförts med ett begränsat antal respondenter och evenemang i Stockholm, föreslås ytterligare forskning i andra ekosystem och användande av olika metoder för att säkerställa generaliserbarhet av resultaten i denna studie. Praktiska konsekvenser - Ett antal praktiska förslag till start-up stödorganisationer kan härledas från resultaten, bland annat att de start-up stödorganisationerna kan dra nytta av att etablera och moderera ett digitalt samhälle, involvera flera aktörer från ekosystemet och kontinuerligt anpassa digitala tjänster till förändringen av miljön och behovet av start-ups. Originalitet – Till bästa kunskapen av författarna, är detta den första studien för att undersöka digitala tjänster i entreprenörsekosystem från perspektivet av värdet i service ekosystemen.
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Düring, Sara. "Frihet på gott och ont : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om rollen som volontär i det sociala arbetet med unga." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-178991.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med studien var att öka förståelsen om upplevelsen av rollen som volontär inom det sociala arbetet med ungdomar och unga vuxna, genom att beskriva rollen som volontär utifrån upplevelsen av att agera som en ”icke-professionell” hjälpare gentemot sin målgrupp, och att tolka resultaten i relation till tidigare forskning på området. Sex semi-strukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med volontärer från fyra ideella föreningar. Intervjusvaren har analyserats med tematisk analys. Resultat och analys har presenterats i form av sex centrala teman som kommer redogöras för nedan. Temat drivkrafterna beskriver varför man blivit volontär. En central drivkraft är att ge till andra men volontärer beskriver också hur den offentliga sektorn inte kan ge tillräckligt eller rätt typ av stöd för att stötta de unga. I temat hur engagerad ska man vara? illustreras skillnader i hur volontärerna ser på föreningsengagemanget, där vissa volontärer lägger stort engagemang i den ideella förening de tillhör medan andra fokuserar på grunduppdraget som volontär. Detta kan leda till frustration och slutsatsen dras att det finns svårigheter att identifiera en gemensam identitet kring hur engagerad man ska vara som volontär. I temat stå för ställningstaganden beskrivs hur volontärerna anser att det ingår i deras roll att stå för vissa värderingar och ställningstaganden. Volontärer delar spontant de flesta av föreningens värderingar men det ges också uttryck för ambivalens. Temat frihet på gott och ont skildrar hur frihet och kravlöshet är återkommande teman när volontärerna beskriver sin roll. Det handlar om friare arbetsförhållanden, mindre byråkrati, men också en känsla av frihet i mötet med den unge, jämfört med yrkeslivet. I temat känslan av otillräcklighet framställes en av baksidorna med friheten: en önskan att hjälpa mer än vad man kan göra i rollen som volontär. Detta område kopplas ihop med temat friheten på gott och ont, där ett resonemang förs om att bristen på mandat i rollen som volontär bidrar till känslan av otillräcklighet. I temat stöd från olika håll beskrivs hur volontärerna får stöd att hantera svårigheter. Stödet kommer från andra volontärer, föreningen, anhöriga och volontärerna har också personliga strategier. Vissa volontärer vill inte använda föreningens begränsade resurser för sina egna behov av stöd i rollen, vilket anses ha en koppling till volontäridentiteten.The purpose of the study was to increase understanding of the experience of the role as a volunteer in social work with young people and young adults, by describing the role as a volunteer based on the experience of being a “non-professional” helper towards the target group, and interpret the results in relation to previous research in the field. Six semi-structured interviews were conducted with volunteers from four non-profit organizations. The interviews have been analyzed with thematic analysis. Results and analyses have been presented in the form of six themes which are described below. The theme driving forces describe the reasons why the respondents are active as volunteers. A central motivation is to give to others but there also an experience that the public sector cannot provide enough, or the right kind, of support to the youth. The theme how committed should one be? describes differences in the volunteers’ view on how active and involved a volunteer should be in the non-profit organization that they work for. Some volunteers place great commitment on the organization while others focus only on the volunteering task. This can lead to frustration and it is concluded that there are difficulties in identifying a common identity about how committed one should be as a volunteer. Support the statements illustrates how the volunteers see it as a part of their role to stand for certain values and statements of the organization. Volunteers share most of the organization’s values, but ambivalence is expressed in some areas. Freedom for better or worse portrays freedom and lack of demands as recurring descriptions when the volunteers talk about their role. Volunteers describe freer working conditions, less bureaucracy but also a feeling of freedom in the meeting with the young person, compared to working life. Feelings of inadequacy illustrates one of the downsides of freedom: a desire to help more than one can do in the role as a volunteer. This theme is linked to the theme of freedom for better or worse. A suggested explanation is that the volunteers lack the authority and tools necessary to create change in a young person’s situation and that the inability to create change contributes to feelings of inadequacy. Different kinds of support describe how the volunteers receive support in dealing with difficulties. The support comes from other volunteers, the non-profit organization, relatives and the volunteers also have personal strategies. Some volunteers feel that they should not use the organization’s limited resources for their own need of support in the role, which has a correlation to volunteer identity.