Relevant bibliographies by topics / Supplements

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Supplements'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Supplements"

1

Lee, GJ, DW Hennessy, JV Nolan, and RA Leng. "Responses to nitrogen and maize supplements by young cattle offered a low-quality pasture hay." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 38, no. 1 (1987): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9870195.

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Twenty-seven Hereford steers (227�3 kg) were offered ad libitum low-quality grass pasture hay containing 4.3 g N/kg DM. These steers were offered one of three maize supplements (nil, 570 g/day crushed maize or 680 g/day whole maize) alone or with one of two nitrogen (N) supplements (1 12 g/day urea: 250 g/day molasses, or 800 g/day pelleted protein meals). The crushed maize, whole maize and protein meal supplements were calculated to be isoenergetic on a metabolisable energy basis, and the urea and protein meal supplements were isonitrogenous.Both urea and protein meal supplements increased the intakes of hay and total digestible organic matter (DOMI), but there was a significant interaction between maize and N supplements such that maize increased hay and DOM intakes when offered alone. Unsupplemented steers ate only 1.98 kg OM of hay/day, whereas N supplemented steers ate 3.96-4.40 kg OM/day, and those supplemented with crushed and whole maize alone ate 2.45 and 2.85 kg OM/day respectively. The intakes of hay by the urea and protein meal supplemented groups were not significantly different.Both N and maize supplements had positive effects on liveweight change (P < 0.01), with N having the largest effect. Steers supplemented with protein meal gained 210 g/day more than those offered urea (P < 0.05), although DOMI was only 110 g/day more, indicating an effect of protein on the efficiency of utilisation of absorbed nutrients.N supplements increased rumen ammonia concentrations from 10�3.0 mg NH3-N/l in unsupplemented steers to 169� 19.3 and 105� 19.0 mg NH3-N/l in steers offered urea and protein meal respectively; there was a significant interaction between the form of N supplement and form of maize supplement (P < 0.05). Total volatile fatty acid concentrations in the rumen (65� 1.9 mM) did not differ significantly between supplements.Glucose entry rate was positively related to liveweight change and was increased by both the N supplements and whole maize. Glucose entry rate, adjusted for DOMI, was higher in protein meal supplemented steers than those receiving urea or no N supplement (P < 0.01), and these steers had the highest growth rate.Urea pool size, and synthesis rate in the body, were greater in steers given the urea and protein meal supplements (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in these measurements between urea and protein meal supplements.
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Payne, Martha E., Douglas R. McQuoid, David C. Steffens, and John J. B. Anderson. "Elevated brain lesion volumes in older adults who use calcium supplements: a cross-sectional clinical observational study." British Journal of Nutrition 112, no. 2 (May 1, 2014): 220–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514000828.

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Recent studies have implicated Ca supplements in vascular risk elevation, and therefore these supplements may also be associated with the occurrence of brain lesions (or hyperintensities) in older adults. These lesions represent damage to brain tissue that is caused by ischaemia. In the present cross-sectional clinical observational study, the association between Ca-containing dietary supplement use and lesion volumes was investigated in a sample of 227 older adults (60 years and above). Food and supplemental Ca intakes were assessed with the Block 1998 FFQ; participants with supplemental Ca intake above zero were categorised as supplement users. Lesion volumes were determined from cranial MRI (1·5 tesla) scans using a semi-automated technique; volumes were log-transformed because they were non-normal. ANCOVA models revealed that supplement users had greater lesion volumes than non-users, even after controlling for food Ca intake, age, sex, race, years of education, energy intake, depression and hypertension (Ca supplement use: β = 0·34, se 0·10, F1,217= 10·98, P= 0·0011). The influence of supplemental Ca use on lesion volume was of a magnitude similar to that of the influence of hypertension, a well-established risk factor for lesions. Among the supplement users, the amount of supplemental Ca was not associated with lesion volume (β = − 0·000035, se 0·00 015, F1,139= 0·06, P= 0·81). The present study demonstrates that the use of Ca-containing dietary supplements, even low-dose supplements, by older adults may be associated with greater lesion volumes. Evaluation of randomised controlled trials is warranted to determine whether this relationship is a causal one.
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Perlitz, Hanna, Gert B. M. Mensink, Clarissa Lage Barbosa, Almut Richter, Anna-Kristin Brettschneider, Franziska Lehmann, Eleni Patelakis, Melanie Frank, Karoline Heide, and Marjolein Haftenberger. "Use of vitamin and mineral supplements among adolescents living in Germany—Results from EsKiMo II." Nutrients 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2019): 1208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11061208.

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Dietary supplements may contribute to nutrient intake; however, actual data on dietary supplement use among adolescents living in Germany are rare. The aim of this analysis was to describe the current use of dietary supplements, its determinants, and reasons of use. Changes in supplement use over time were evaluated by comparing the results with those from EsKiMo I (2006). Data from the Eating Study as a KiGGS Module EsKiMo II (2015–2017) were used to analyze supplement intake according to sociodemographic, health characteristics, and physical exercise behavior of 12–17-year-olds (n = 1356). Supplement use during the past four weeks was assessed by a standardized computer assisted personal interview. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the association between supplement use and its determinants. Between 2015–2017, 16.4% (95%-CI: 13.0–19.7%) of the adolescents used dietary supplements, and its use decreased with lower levels of physical exercise and overweight. Most supplement users used only one supplement, often containing both vitamins and minerals. The most frequently supplemented nutrients were vitamin C and magnesium. The main reported reason to use supplements was ‘to improve health’. Prevalence of supplement use was slightly lower in 2015-2017 than in 2006 (18.5%; 95%-CI: 15.8–21.2%). The results underline the importance of including nutrient intake through dietary supplements in nutrition surveys.
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Benito, Paloma, William House, and Dennis Miller. "Comparison of oral and intraperitoneal iron supplementation in anaemic rats: a re-evaluation of the mucosal block theory of iron absorption." British Journal of Nutrition 79, no. 6 (June 1998): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19980092.

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To evaluate the extent to which daily oral Fe supplements may block Fe absorption from a subsequent dose, we compared effects of oral and intraperitoneal (i.p.) Fe supplementation on Fe status in anaemic rats (haemoglobin (Hb) 90 g/l). A ligated duodenal loop technique was used to assess the effects of the Fe supplements administered either orally or i.p. at different frequencies on Fe absorption from a subsequent test dose. Anaemic Sprague–Dawley rats were assigned to seven groups of eight rats each and received either oral or i.p. Fe supplements for 3 d as follows: (1) 4 mg oral supplement daily (three doses in 3 d); (2) 4 mg oral supplement once (one dose on day 1, low-Fe dose on days 2 and 3); (3) 12mg oral supplement once (one dose on day 1, low-Fe dose on days 2 and 3); (4) 3.2 mg i.p. supplement daily (three doses in 3d); (5) 3.2 mg i.p. supplement once (one dose on day 1); (6) 9.6 mg i.p. supplement once (one dose on day 1); (7) low-Fe diet (control). The effectiveness of the supplements in treating Fe deficiency on each of the two test-factors, i.e. route of administration and frequency of dose, was assessed by determining Hb-Fe gain and liver-Fe stores after the 3 d test period. Oral supplementation was as effective as i.p. in improving the Fe status of the anaemic animals. However, a 15 min absorption of a radio-Fe test dose from a ligated loop in i.p.-supplemented groups was significantly higher (11.68 (sd1.70) %, 17.49 (sd4.59) %, 16.71 (sd3.39) %) than in orally supplemented groups (3.24 (sd1.35) %, 2.45 (sd1.05) %, 1.80 (sd0.35) %) despite equal body Fe stores. No significant difference in intestinal Fe absorption efficiency was detected within the oral groups but those supplemented only once were more effective than or as effective as the group receiving daily supplements for 3d in improving Fe status as indicated by Hb-regeneration efficiency. We conclude that there is a mucosal block with the administration of oral Fe supplements but the extent of this blocking effect during oral Fe supplementation is not as dramatic as currently thought in the context of the poor efficacy of daily Fe supplementation programmes.
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Vidović, Bojana, Bojana Đuričić, Marina Odalović, Andrijana Milošević Georgiev, and Ivana Tadić. "Dietary Supplements Use among Serbian Undergraduate Students of Different Academic Fields." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (September 3, 2022): 11036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191711036.

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The rising popularity of dietary supplements as a part of self-care practice increases interest in monitoring their usage in the general and specific population groups. This study investigated the prevalence and patterns of dietary supplement use among Belgrade University undergraduate students and its variations across different academic study fields. Of the 914 online survey students, 55.7% used dietary supplements during the past year. Female gender, eating behavior, and academic field were significant predictors of dietary supplement use. For all students, the most commonly used dietary supplements were vitamins and minerals, alone or in combination. Magnesium, vitamin C, and B vitamins were the most frequently supplemented micronutrients. The reasons for using, place of purchase, and source of information regarding dietary supplements significantly varied among students of different fields of study. Adverse effects related to dietary supplement use, including gastrointestinal symptoms, skin flushing, dizziness, and heart palpitation, were reported in 4.5% of students. Insufficient knowledge about these products was self-reported by 16.5% of users, more common among non-medical students. Thus, public health interventions are needed to improve students’ knowledge regarding rational and safe dietary supplement use.
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Kiely, M., A. Flynn, KE Harrington, PJ Robson, N. O'Connor, EM Hannon, MM O'Brien, S. Bell, and JJ Strain. "The efficacy and safety of nutritional supplement use in a representative sample of adults in the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 5a (October 2001): 1089–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2001190.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe the current use of nutritional supplements and their contribution to micronutrient intakes in a representative sample of Irish adults, to evaluate the impact of supplement use on the adequacy of micronutrient intakes and to assess the risk to supplement users of exceeding tolerable upper intake levels (UL).Study design and subjectsFood intake data were collected in 1379 (662 male and 717 female) randomly selected Irish adults aged 18 to 64 years using a 7-day food diary. The current use of nutritional supplements was assessed using a selfadministered questionnaire and respondents entered each supplement as it was consumed into the food diary.ResultsTwenty-three per cent of respondents regularly used nutritional supplements. Twice as many women used supplements as men. The intakes of micronutrients were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in supplement users than in non-users. Micronutrient intakes from food sources were similar in male users and non-users of supplements, but were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in female users, by 3 to 13%, for Fe, Mg, Mn, vitamins C and E and niacin than in non-users. The percentage of female users between 18 and 50 years who had mean Fe intakes below the average requirement (AR) (10 mg) decreased from 50 to 25 when the contribution from supplements was included. The use of supplements reduced the percentage of men who had mean intakes below the AR for Zn from 19 to 13, for riboflavin from 14 to 6 and for vitamin A from 20 to 5, and reduced the percentage of women with intakes below the AR for Ca from 23 to 16 and for riboflavin from 23 to 14. Twenty-one women out of 80 aged between 18 and 50 years, who consumed supplemental folate, achieved the intake of 600 |xg recommended to prevent neural tube defects. Twenty-two per cent of the women who took iron and 15% of the women who took vitamin B$ in supplemental form had mean daily intakes that exceeded that UL for these nutrients. Supplement users did not exceed the UL for the other micronutrients.ConclusionsSupplementation appears to be beneficial in promoting adequate intakes of some micronutrients, particularly Fe and folate in women aged 18–50 years and vitamin A in men. There appears to be little risk to supplement users of experiencing adverse side effects due to excessive intakes of micronutrients.
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Zeltwanger, Joshua M., Allison M. Meyer, Eric Bailey, Abe Scheaffer, Kevin Meng, and Derek Brake. "395 Effects of supplemental protein and yeast on fermentation of low quality forage in single-flow continuous culture fermenters." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.332.

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Abstract Various anecdotes suggest the combination of supplemental protein and yeast improve utilization of low-quality forage. Two studies were conducted to evaluate effects of a commercially available supplement containing protein and yeast on fermentation in single-flow continuous culture fermenters. In Exp. 1, Bermuda grass with no supplement (NCON1), dried distillers grains (PCON1), and two commercially available supplements Diamond V XP (DV1) or SweetPro 16 (SP1) were compared. In Exp. 2, K31 tall fescue with no supplement (NCON2), supplemental dried distillers grains (PCON2), and two commercially available supplements Diamond V XP (DV2) or SweetPro 16 (SP2) were compared. Twenty-four single flow fermenters (1470mL) were randomly assigned to treatments and fed twice daily for 8 d, 5 d of adaptation and 3 d of collection. In both experiments, digestibility of DM, OM, NDF, and ADF were not influenced by supplementation regardless of source (P &gt; 0.10). In Exp. 1, NH3-N concentration increased (P &lt; 0.01) for DV1 over both NCON1 and PCON1 and was greatest for SP1 (P &lt; 0.01). Greater amounts of NH3-N and microbial N were recovered from fermenter overflow when SP1 was supplemented (P &lt; 0.01). Crude protein (CP) degradation was also greatest for SP1; however, when supplement was included, regardless of source, CP degradation was increased over NCON1. Acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total VFA levels were similar (P &gt; 0.10) amongst NCON1, PCON1, and DV1 and greatest when SP1 was supplemented. In Exp. 2, fermenter NH3-N concentration was greatest for SP2 (P &lt; 0.01) and similar amongst NCON2, PCON2, and DV2 (P &gt; 0.01). No differences were detected (P &gt; 0.10) between treatments with respects to CP degradation. Total VFA concentrations increased over time regardless of treatment during the second study.
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Ziegler, Paula J., Judy A. Nelson, and Satya S. Jonnalagadda. "Use of Dietary Supplements by Elite Figure Skaters." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 13, no. 3 (September 2003): 266–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.13.3.266.

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The present study examined the prevalence of dietary supplement use among elite figure skaters, gender differences in supplement use, and differences in nutrient intake of supplement users versus non-users. Male (n = 46) and female (n = 59) figure skaters completed a supplement survey and 3-day food records. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and independent t tests were used to analyze the data. Sixty-five percent of male (n = 30) and 76% of female (n = 45) figure skaters reported use of supplements. Forty-seven percent of males and 55% of females reported daily use of supplements. Multivitamin-mineral supplements were the most popular dietary supplements consumed by figure skaters. Significant gender differences were observed in the use of multivitamin-mineral supplements (61% males vs. 83% females, p < .05). Echinacea and ginseng were popular herbal supplements used by these skaters. The 3 main reasons given by male figure skaters for taking supplements were: to provide more energy (41%), to prevent illness or disease (34%), and to enhance performance (21%). Among female figure skaters, the 3 main reasons given were: to prevent illness or disease (61%), to provide more energy (39%), and to make up for an inadequate diet (28%). Significant differences (p < .05) were observed in protein, total fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat intakes, and % energy from carbohydrate and total fat of male supplement users versus non-users, with supplement users having higher intakes except for percent energy from carbohydrate. Sodium was the only nutrient significantly different (p < .05) among female supplement users versus non-users, with supplement users having lower intakes. Given the popularity of dietary supplements, it is important to understand the factors influencing athletes’ use of supplements, their knowledge and attitudes regarding supplements, dosage of supplements used, and the effectiveness of these dietary supplements in meeting the goals of the athletes.
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Dixon, R. M., D. R. Smith, I. Porch, and J. C. Petherick. "Effects of experience on voluntary intake of supplements by cattle." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 5 (2001): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00172.

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Experiments examined the effects of prior experience of young cattle on their voluntary intake of supplements, and variability among animals in intake of supplements. Variability was measured using supplement labelled with lithium salts. Experiment 1 examined the effects of offering a concentrate supplement to calves before and/or after weaning on their subsequent intake of the same supplement and of a loose mineral mix supplement. Experience of the concentrate supplement increased acceptance and reduced variability in intake of the loose mineral mix supplement. However, neither voluntary intake (mean is 105 g DM/head.day) nor variability in intake of loose mineral mix supplement was affected by prior experience. Experiments 2 and 3 examined variability in intake of loose mineral mix supplement by weaners in larger groups or offered molasses–urea supplement, respectively. Experiment 4 examined the effects of provision of supplements and/or exposure to human activity and handling on subsequent intake of loose mineral mix supplement. Supplementing grazing weaners with concentrates had a transient effect by increasing voluntary intake of loose mineral mix supplement, but increased exposure to supplements, and human activity and handling while held in yards after weaning had no effects. Variability among animals in intake of loose mineral mix supplement (CV is 52–103%) tended to be greater than with the concentrate or molasses-based supplements (CV is 23–43%), irrespective of previous experience. There were fewer than 1% non-eaters of concentrate supplement and 0–7% non-eaters of loose mineral mix supplement. In experiment 5, prior experience of loose mineral mix supplements increased intake of such supplements by weaners during weeks 1 and 2 but not from weeks 3 to 9. In experiment 6, intake of loose mineral mix supplement by adult cattle was not affected by their experience as weaners of a similar supplement. In conclusion, although prior experience of supplements by young cattle sometimes increased their initial acceptance and voluntary intake of supplements, longer-term intake of supplements was not affected.
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Loraine, Kyle. "Supplement Regulation for Sports Nutrition Supplements." Journal of Legal Medicine 38, no. 2 (April 2, 2018): 271–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2018.1473187.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Supplements"

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Misner, Scottie. "Herbal Supplements." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146441.

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3 pp.
The number and variety of available herbal medicines have exploded since the passage of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. This article provides information and practical tips that help in understand what?›????s available and help sort through the dizzying array of products.
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Çeliköz, Zafer Alizade Rafail. "Submodules That Have Supplements/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2007. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/matematik/T000661.pdf.

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Clark, W. Andrew, and Norman Assad. "Nutritional Supplements and Infertility." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2527.

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Bentley, Zoe. "Chemical analysis of dietary supplements." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843637/.

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The increased use of dietary supplements in today's society has been attributed to the general public's greater awareness of what constitutes a healthy diet. The elemental content (Ca, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) of seventy-four dietary supplements (tablets, capsules and powders) was analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Different digestion methods (wet open vessel and microwave) were developed for the dissolution of dietary supplements, utilising both concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Both digestion procedures were found to give no significant statistical difference between the experimental results and certified values at a 99% confidence limit (Paired t-test) for all element values in two certified reference materials, namely NIES Rice Flour and IGGE Tea. For both certified reference materials, there was. The elemental content of the dietary supplements ranged from 0.1-200 mg/g for macro essential elements (Ca, Fe and Mg), 1-500 mug/g for trace essential elements (Cr, Co, Cu, Mn. Mo, Ni and Zn) and 0.4-10 mug/g for non-essential elements (Cd and Pb), all on a dry weight basis. Comparison of experimental results with commercial label values for dietary supplements showed: (1) calculated Ca and Mg concentrations were systematically lower than the label values; and (2) the experimental results for the other essential elements were in good agreement. The essential element contribution of base materials was investigated, though the results were inconclusive. Dietary supplements containing fat-soluble vitamins were analysed for retinol acetate, ergocalciferol (D2), cholecalciferol (D3), tocopherol (E), tocopherol acetate and phylloquinone (K1) using a modified simultaneous high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. For each vitamin, a recovery of >90% was obtained with the use of a direct solvent extraction procedure. An in vitro study into the bioavailability of iron and zinc in yeast-based supplements was accomplished. This study provided results suggesting that iron supplements containing vitamin C were more bioavailable than yeast or tablet-based supplements that contained no vitamin C. Zinc bioavailability was observed to be greater in multi-component and yeast-based dietary supplements.
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Kleijnen, Joseph Maria Pieter. "Food supplements and their efficacy." Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1991. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5644.

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Axon, David R., Janka Vanova, Courtney Edel, and Marion Slack. "Dietary Supplement Use, Knowledge, and Perceptions Among Student Pharmacists." AMER ASSOC COLL PHARMACY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625203.

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Objective. To compare dietary supplement use between student pharmacists and the general population, and assess knowledge, attitudes toward use, and dietary supplement effectiveness; and to explore how student pharmacists view their education on dietary supplements. Methods. Paper questionnaires administered to student pharmacists collected data about their use, knowledge, and attitudes of dietary supplements. Use was compared to the 2007 National Health Interview survey findings. Results. Of 179 students who responded, 52% had used at least one dietary supplement in their lifetime versus 25% in the general population. Students perceived supplement label information as unhelpful, research into supplements inadequate, and supplements non-essential to health. Students thought supplement knowledge was important but their education was inadequate. Conclusion. Dietary supplement use was higher in this sample of student pharmacists than the general population. Student pharmacists had limited knowledge and need more education on dietary supplements.
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Crighton, Elly Gwyn. "Are supplements supplemented? Evaluating the composition of complementary and alternative medicines using mass spectrometry and metabolomics." Thesis, Crighton, Elly Gwyn (2020) Are supplements supplemented? Evaluating the composition of complementary and alternative medicines using mass spectrometry and metabolomics. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2020. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/57740/.

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The complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) industry is worth over US$110 billion globally. Products are available to consumers with little medical advice; with many assuming that such products are ‘natural’ and therefore safe. However, with adulterated, contaminated and fraudulent products reported on overseas markets, consumers may be placing their health at risk. Previous studies into product content have reported undeclared plant materials, ingredient substitution, adulteration and contamination. However, no large-scale, independent audit of CAM has been undertaken to demonstrate these problems in Australia. This study aimed to investigate the content and quality of CAM products on the Australian market. 135 products were analysed using a combination of next-generation DNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nearly 50% of products tested had contamination issues, in terms of DNA, chemical composition or both. 5% of the samples contained undeclared pharmaceuticals. Increasing reports of adulteration with novel drug analogues led to the development of a high-throughput untargeted method for pharmacovigilance. Rapid direct sample analysis coupled to mass spectrometry was used to screen products, this time for hundreds of compounds in minutes with minimal sample preparation. The data correlated well with previous analyses, with the added benefit of detected additional compounds including phytochemicals and vitamins. Finally, metabolomics was used to assess the compositional diversity of finished herbal products on the market and how they compare to standard reference materials. The analysis iii showed that, despite all products stating the same ingredients, there was a clear difference in biochemical profile between products and also the reference materials. The combined techniques and analyses used in this project provide an audit and quality control toolkit which will allow for stronger regulation of CAM products. The data collected has shown that such regulation is needed to improve product quality and to protect consumer safety.
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Matni, Gisèle. "Speciation of selenium in food supplements." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40393.

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Selective isolation protocols of selenium (Se) species integrated to Se specific atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) detection were developed and optimized for Se speciation in food supplements, including selenized yeasts. By ultrafiltration, 69.18% of Se in the extract was found as a low molecular weight soluble form, the remaining 30.82% was bound to high molecular weight components. After a cation-exchange chromatography of the ultrafiltrate, 3.77% of the Se in the extract was found in the aqueous washings of the column indicating the presence of free inorganic anions of Se; the 65.41% of Se retained on the column corresponded to the free organic Se cations. The limit of detection for the HPLC-THG-AAS system was 1.85 ng of Se. Se was shown to be widely distributed over all the proteins with one sharp peak corresponding to the free forms of Se. Four major peaks were found at MW $>$ 250 000 Da (15.97% of Se recovered), between 102 330 and 117 490 Da (7.06%), between 48 977 and 53 703 Da (12.71%) and close to the dye migration band (17.25%).
Selective isolation and HPLC-AAS protocols were also developed and optimized for the determination of free organic forms e.g. selenomethionine (SeMet), selenocystine (SeCystine) and inorganic forms of selenium in aqueous solutions, and in complex matrices such as nutritional supplements and mixtures of free amino acids. The selenoamino acid in alkaline solution was first derivatized with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. After removal of excess of reagent by partitioning with diethyl ether, the N-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-derivatized selenoamino acid was acidified and extracted with diethyl ether. Inorganic Se(IV) was extracted from the acidic aqueous phases by complexation with 1,2-phenylenediamine, forming a piazselenol. Se derivatives were determined selectively by HPLC-THG-AAS. A selective chromatographic mechanism based on $ pi$-electron interactions was optimized using a silica stationary phase derivatized with p-nitrophenyl moieties. Co-injections of DNP-SeMet, DNP-SeCystine and piazselenol save retention times of 3.7, 4.0 and 4.9 min, respectively, using a methanolic mobile phase containing 1.5% triethylamine and 0.013M acetic acid. Primary analytical validation parameters including stability, linearity and limits of detection were obtained using purified DNP-SeMet, DNP-SeCystine and piazselenol standards which were characterized by $ sp1$H-, $ sp{13}$C- and $ sp{77}$Se-NMR analysis and/or fast atom bombardment MS techniques. The calibration graphs for sequential dilutions of these Se standards were linear and the limits of detection from the resultant calibration graphs were 17 ng, 0.21 ng and 18.53 ng of Se, respectively. The purified DNP-SeMet and DNP-SeCystine were found to be photosensitive. The recovery of SeMet, SeCystine and inorganic Se from the stock solutions and/or nutritional supplements was virtually quantitative. In the presence of a 500-fold excess of other amino acids, the recovery of SeMet and SeCystine (96.1 $ pm$ 3.9% and 98.08 $ pm$ 4.2%, respec
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Lomakina, Y. V. "Availability of melatonin and phytomelatonin supplements." Thesis, БДМУ, 2021. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18509.

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Hovorkova, Zuzana. "Monitoring of patients prescribed potassium supplements." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-389654.

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Monitoring of patients prescribed potassium supplements Zuzana Hovorkova Degree Project 30 hp, Pharmacotherapy Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences/Division of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Therapy Supervisor: Linden Ashfield, Examiner: Margareta Hammarlund-Udenaes Introduction: In Northern Ireland, clinical technicians have been supporting pharmacist in their work in over five decades. From initially having mainly administrative tasks, the role of pharmacy technicians has progressed to more clinical activities. Following recent incidents caused by inadequate monitoring of potassium blood levels it was suggested pharmacy technicians could be utilized to improve patient care. Aim: Aim of this project was to ensure the appropriate monitoring and compliance with treatment guidelines for patients prescribed potassium supplements by extending the role of pharmacy technicians at Antrim Area Hospital. Methods: Training for extending the roles of clinical technicians was developed, following the structure of  a regional training programme. Literature search was made to find appropriate background about the subject of interest. Data about monitoring of potassium levels in the relevant patients was collected. Daily monitoring of these patients before and after the change was implemented were compared. Results: Clinical technicians contribution to monitoring of patients prescribed potassium replacement therapy improved guidelines compliance from 66.6 %  to 90 % (x2-test, p = 0.028). Percentage of successful treatment raised from 66 % to 89.7 % (x2-test, p = 0.028). Conclusion: By extending roles of the clinical technicians, better and appropriate monitoring of patients prescribed potassium supplements can be reached. In future, roles of the pharmacy technicians could be extended further, thus releasing  pharmacists time to expand their role, leading to a more cost- effective system and ensuring medicines optimization.
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Books on the topic "Supplements"

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Dietary supplements. Farmington Hills, Mich: Greenhaven Press, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning, 2014.

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Caballero, Benjamin. Guide to nutritional supplements. Oxford, UK: Elsevier/Academic Press, 2009.

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Farley, Dixie. Dietary supplements. [Rockville, MD: Food and Drug Administration, 1994.

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Ireland. Office of the Comptroller and Auditor General. Rent supplements. Dublin: Stationery Office, 2006.

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Cupp, Melanie Johns, and Timothy S. Tracy. Dietary Supplements. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1592593038.

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Ho, Chi-Tang, James E. Simon, Fereidoon Shahidi, and Yu Shao, eds. Dietary Supplements. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0987.

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Dasgupta, Amitava, and Catherine A. Hammett-Stabler, eds. Herbal Supplements. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470910108.

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Mason, Pamela. Dietary supplements pocket companion. London: Pharmaceutical Press, 2008.

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Supplement savvy: A shopper's guide to brand-name dietary supplements. New York: Dell Pub., 1997.

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Steiger, H. J., ed. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-85578-2.

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Book chapters on the topic "Supplements"

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Spona, Ingrid. "Food Supplements = Supplement to Food." In Mindful Prevention of Burnout in Workplace Health Management, 143–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61337-6_8.

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Löffler, Andreas, and Lutz Kruschwitz. "Supplements." In Springer Texts in Business and Economics, 103–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20103-6_7.

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Mortensen, Alan. "Supplements." In Carotenoids, 67–82. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7501-0_4.

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Husserl, Edmund. "Supplements." In Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy, 319–402. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2233-4_11.

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Bedford, Steve. "Supplements." In Recovery from Strenuous Exercise, 53–69. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003156994-9.

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Heer, Martina, Jens Titze, Scott M. Smith, and Natalie Baecker. "Supplements." In Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism in Spaceflight and Analog Studies, 49–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18521-7_8.

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Marcus, Dawn A., and Atul Deodhar. "Nutritional Supplements." In Fibromyalgia, 175–86. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1609-9_14.

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Bartels, Cathy L., and Sarah J. Miller. "Dietary Supplements." In Food Safety Handbook, 641–72. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047172159x.ch32.

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Gambert, Steven. "Nutritional Supplements." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1521. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_1465.

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Tiro, Jasmin, Simon J. Craddock Lee, Steven E. Lipshultz, Tracie L. Miller, James D. Wilkinson, Miriam A. Mestre, Barbara Resnick, et al. "Nutritional Supplements." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1350–51. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_1465.

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Conference papers on the topic "Supplements"

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Sahoo, Debasish, Virendra Vaishnav, Tanushree Chatterjee, and Navita Gupta. "HERBAL DIETARY SUPPLEMENT – A MODERN APPROACH IN COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (CAM) IN HEALTH CARE SCIENCE." In International Conference on Public Health and Medical Sciences. Goodwood Conferences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/icophmeds.v1i1.24.

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Preliminary pharmacological study of herbal based dietary supplement formulation based on extracts or whole plants derived from fruits, root, berries, macrofungus and leaves as a promising, safe and effective alternative to synthetic and pharmaceutical dietary supplements, in-vitro studies such as antibacterial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity for extract of dietary supplements. Nutritional assessment of nutritional attributes as suggested by AOAC method, Phytochemical analysis by standard chemical procedures, Quantitative estimate Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Phenolic, Tannin. In-vitro studies of anti-microbial (well diffusion), anti-oxidant assay (DPPH assay), anti-inflammatory assay (albumin denaturation assay). FTIR analysis for detection of different functional group. The finding suggest that the plant extract have a better nutritional aspect. The extracts for the food supplement showed positive results for anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. More studies has to be concluded in respect to in-vivo tests that will conclude other pharmacological aspect of the food supplements. Reduced concentration of heavy metals and other contaminants will increase the therapeutical potency of the supplement. Stability, hold time study, dose and dosage form must be concluded in respect to achieve maximum efficacy. The herbal dietary supplement tend to better option against chemical based multi-vitamins and dietary supplements. These will enact the general well-being along with other pharmacological activities due to presence of phytochemicals present in the supplement.
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Low Dog, T. "A Clinician's Perspective on Nutritional Supplements." In Abstracts of the NHPRS – The 15th Annual Meeting of the Natural Health Products Research Society of Canada (NHPRS). Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644978.

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Karve, Aneesh, and Michael Gleicher. "Glyph-based Overviews of Large Datasets in Structural Bioinformatics." In 11th International Conference Information Visualization - Supplements. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iv.2007.150.

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Ősz, BE, A. Tero-Vescan, and A. Miklos. "Quantitative control of dietary supplements containing caffeine." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400428.

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Singh, Esha, Anusha Bompelli, Andrew Yang, Andrew Wang, Serguei Pakhomov, and Rui Zhang. "A Prototype Conversational Agent for Dietary Supplements." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics (ICHI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichi48887.2020.9374355.

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Smagulova, A. Sh. "Physico-chemical analysis of imported dietary supplements." In XX Anniversary All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists, Postgraduates and Students. Technical Institute (BRANCH) of NEFU, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/s-2019-77.

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Stych, Marek. "Selected issues on dietary supplements: theory and practice." In 20th International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2019". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2019.097.

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Beltra, Aleixandre. "Food supplements enhance phytoseiid mite populations in citrus." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94577.

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Németh, Nikolett. "Consumer behaviour on the market of food supplements." In International Scientific Days 2016 :: The Agri-Food Value Chain: Challenges for Natural Resources Management and Society. Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/isd2016.s10.04.

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Fernandez-Torres, Luis, Ana Figuereo, Chelsea Trost, Leonardo Albertini, and Marie Roche. "Antioxidant Capacity of Common Dietary Supplements." In MOL2NET 2016, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 2nd edition. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-02-03844.

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Reports on the topic "Supplements"

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Mishra, Suruchi, Jaime Gahche, Cynthia Ogden, Melissa Dimeler, Nancy Potischman, and Namanjeet Ahluwalia. Dietary Supplement Use in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017–March 2020. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:124677.

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Anderson, Sharron, Antony Lloyd, Malcom Baxter, Michael Walls, and Victoria Bailey-Horne. Turmeric survey – Final report. Food Standards Agency, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ojv940.

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The consumption of turmeric supplements is increasingly popular and is reported to provide numerous health benefits including antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, anticarcinogenic, chemopreventive, chemotherapeutic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and antiplatelet activities [1]. However, in recent months there has been a number of reports of hepatotoxicity linked to the consumption of these supplements. Such reports and scientific publications led to a review of the safety of turmeric and curcumin by the UK Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT). The statement issued by COT in November 2019 concluded “Given past reported contamination issues with turmeric supplements, the Committee concluded that there would be value in commissioning a chemical analysis of turmeric supplements and raw/powdered turmeric available on the UK market”. To address this conclusion the FSA requested Fera to: develop and validate in-house method(s) for measuring curcumin in turmeric containing supplements, ground/powdered turmeric and raw/fresh turmeric develop and validate in-house a method for measuring piperine in turmeric containing supplements purchase turmeric containing supplements (n=15), ground/powdered turmeric (n=10) and raw/fresh turmeric (n=5) from a mixture of local outlets and over the internet analyse all 30 samples for trace elements and curcumin analyse all supplement samples for piperine content.
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Harris, R. T., C. A. Eldridge, and J. E. Swanson. DoD Supplements Recommendations for GOSIP. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada325143.

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Steffensen, Inger-Lise. Safer food supplements in the Nordic countries. Nordic Council of Ministers, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/na2019-901.

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Ensley, Doug. Interactive Supplements to Rick's Tricky Six Puzzle. Washington, DC: The MAA Mathematical Sciences Digital Library, March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4169/loci003295.

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Butler, Walter R., Uzi Moallem, Amichai Arieli, Robert O. Gilbert, and David Sklan. Peripartum dietary supplementation to enhance fertility in high yielding dairy cows. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587723.bard.

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Objectives of the project: To evaluate the effects of a glucogenic supplement during the peripartum transition period on insulin, hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, and progesterone profile in dairy cows. To compare benefits of supplemental fats differing in fatty acid composition and fed prepartum on hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, progesterone profile, and uterine prostaglandin production in lactating dairy cows. To assess the differential and carry-over effects of glucogenic and fat supplements fed to peripartum dairy cows on steroidogenesis and fatty acids in ovarian follicles. To determine the carry-over effects of peripartum glucogenic or fat supplements on fertility in high producing dairy cows (modified in year 3 to Israel only). Added during year 3 of project: To assess the activity of genes related to hepatic lipid oxidation and gluconeogenesis following dietary supplementation (USA only). Background: High milk yields in dairy cattle are generally associated with poor reproductive performance. Low fertility results from negative energy balance (NEBAL) of early lactation that delays resumption of ovarian cycles and exerts other carryover effects. During NEBAL, ovulation of ovarian follicles is compromised by low availability of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), but fatty acid mobilization from body stores is augmented. Liver function during NEBAL is linked to the resumption of ovulation and fertility: 1) Accumulation of fatty acids by the liver and ketone production are associated with delayed first ovulation; 2) The liver is the main source of IGF-I. NEBAL will continue as a consequence of high milk yield, but dietary supplements are currently available to circumvent the effects on liver function. For this project, supplementation was begun prepartum prior to NEBAL in an effort to reduce detrimental effects on liver and ovarian function. Fats either high or low in unsaturated fatty acids were compared for their ability to reduce liver triglyceride accumulation. Secondarily, feeding specific fats during a period of high lipid turnover caused by NEBAL provides a novel approach for manipulating phospholipid pools in tissues including ovary and uterus. Increased insulin from propylene glycol (glucogenic) was anticipated to reduce lipolysis and increase IGF-I. The same supplements were utilized in both the USA and Israel, to compare effects across different diets and environments. Conclusions: High milk production and very good postpartum health was achieved by dietary supplementation. Peripartum PGLY supplementation had no significant effects on reproductive variables. Prepartum fat supplementation either did not improve metabolic profile and ovarian and uterine responses in early lactation (USA) or decreased intake when added to dry cow diets (Israel). Steroid production in ovarian follicles was greater in lactating dairy cows receiving supplemental fat (unsaturated), although in a field trail fertility to insemination was not improved.
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Mehegan, Laura, and Chuck Rainville. 2019 AARP Brain Health and Dietary Supplements Survey. AARP Research, June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00318.001.

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Tyrone Genade, Tyrone Genade. Do dietary supplements extend lifespan and prevent brain disease? Experiment, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/3104.

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Morine, Sara J., Mary E. Drewnoski, and Stephanie L. Hansen. Corn Addition in Fiber-Based Supplements to Grazing Cattle. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1149.

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Mehegan, Laura, and Chuck Rainville. 2019 AARP Brain Health and Dietary Supplements Survey: Annotated Questionnaire. AARP Research, June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00318.002.

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