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Journal articles on the topic 'Superconducting thin film'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Golden, S. J., H. Isotalo, M. Lanham, J. Mayer, F. F. Lange, and M. Rüble. "Characterization of spray-pyrolized superconducting YBaCuO thin films on single-crystal MgO by transmission electron microscopy." Journal of Materials Research 5, no. 8 (August 1990): 1605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1990.1605.

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Superconducting YBaCuO thin films have been fabricated on single-crystal MgO by the spray-pyrolysis of nitrate precursors. The effects on the superconductive behavior of processing parameters such as time and temperature of heat treatment and film thickness were investigated. The superconductive behavior was found to be strongly dependent on film thickness. Films of thickness 1 μm were found to have a Tc of 67 K while thinner films showed appreciably degraded properties. Transmission electron microscopy studies have shown that the heat treatments necessary for the formation of the superconductive phase (for example, 950 °C for 30 min) also cause a substantial degree of film-substrate interdiffusion. Diffusion distances for Cu in the MgO substrate and Mg in the film were found to be sufficient to explain the degradation of the superconductive behavior in films of thickness 0.5 μm and 0.2 μm. From the concentration profiles obtained by EDS analysis diffusion coefficients at 950 °C for Mg into the YBaCuO thin film and for Cu into the MgO substrate were evaluated as 3 × 10−19 m2/s and 1 × 10−17 m2/s, respectively.

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2

SERGEEV, A. V., and M. YU. REIZER. "PHOTORESPONSE MECHANISMS OF THIN SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS AND SUPERCONDUCTING DETECTORS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 10, no. 06 (March 15, 1996): 635–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797929600026x.

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The photoresponse of ordinary and high-T c superconductors depends critically on the hierarchy of relaxation times, such as the electron–phonon and phonon–electron scattering times, the time of phonon escape from a superconducting film and also the phonon return time. For thin films of cuprates, close to the superconducting transition the following components of transient response are identified. The picosecond photoresponse is attributed to the dynamics of nonequilibrium quasiparticles and Cooper pairs. The nanosecond response is described by the thermal boundary resistance (the Kapitza resistance) between a superconducting film and a substrate. The microsecond response is associated with the phonon diffusion in the substrate. Using experimental results, we deduce the characteristic time of electron–phonon relaxation and parameters of the film-substrate interface. The kinetic inductance photoresponse of superconductors with s- and d-wave pairing far below the superconducting transition is also calculated. We study parameters (responsivity, operating speed and noise equivalent power) of a nonequilibrium detector, in which only electron states are changed under the radiation, while the film phonons stay in thermodynamic equilibrium with the substrate. Our analysis demonstrates that the nonequilibrium superconducting detectors have essential advantages compared to superconducting bolometers and other detectors.

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3

Gupta, Vaibhav, John A. Sellers, Charles D. Ellis, Bhargav Yelamanchili, Simin Zou, Yang Cao, David B. Tuckerman, and Michael C. Hamilton. "Minimizing Film Stress and Degradation in Thin-Film Niobium Superconducting Cables." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2017, DPC (January 1, 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2017dpc-tha3_presentation4.

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The future of superconducting and cryogenic electronic systems can significantly benefit from densely integrated superconducting multi-layer and multi-signal flexible cables due to the massive number of electrical interconnects needed in systems such as superconducting quantum computers and cryogenic detector arrays. In order to maintain superconductivity in niobium (Nb) thin films, film stress and degradation must be minimized. We are working towards configurations with embedded traces, where it is expected that the superconductor material will be subjected to subsequent fabrication steps that must not degrade the properties of the superconductor. We previously observed degradation of the superconducting properties of Nb, such as reduction of both transition temperature and critical current, as a result of curing a polyimide passivation layer at supplier recommended curing temperature (350 oC). The deterioration in the superconducting properties may be due to mechanical stress in the film or diffusion of impurities into the Nb during the curing process Film stress plays a vital role in the superconducting properties of Nb. Previous research by other groups has focused on in situ ion bombardment, substrate fixturing and wafer preparation in order to minimize film stress. In this work, we discuss the role of argon (Ar) pressure and power during Nb sputtering on the quality of Nb and Nb/Al thin films. By varying the Ar pressure and applied power during sputter deposition, we have produced both tensile and compressive films on flexible substrates in order to find the pressure that yields a near zero stress Nb and Nb/Al thin film at room temperature. A low stress Nb film was tested with a thin Al barrier layer (of the order of 10's of nm) between Nb and polyimide to protect the Nb superconductivity during the PI curing step. Nb traces with a thickness of roughly 250nm and a width of 50um were used for this work. Nb films deposited at different Ar pressures and power levels were tested for critical transition temperature (Tc), critical current (Ic), and sheet resistance (Ω/□), to compare the superconducting behavior of different Nb films. Details of the fabrication processes, experimental procedures and performance results will be presented. This work will help determine materials stacks-ups that may be useful for future multi-layer Nb-based flexible superconducting cables. Acknowledgment: We gratefully acknowledge financial support and technical guidance from Microsoft Research for this work.

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4

Zhang, Z. M., B. I. Choi, T. A. Le, M. I. Flik, M. P. Siegal, and J. M. Phillips. "Infrared Refractive Index of Thin YBa2Cu307 Superconducting Films." Journal of Heat Transfer 114, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2911329.

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This work investigates whether thin-film optics with a constant refractive index can be applied to high-Tc superconducting thin films. The reflectance and transmittance of YBa2Cu3O7 films on LaAlO3 substrates are measured using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer at wavelengths from 1 to 100 μm at room temperature. The reflectance of these superconducting films at 10 K in the wavelength region from 2.5 to 25 μm is measured using a cryogenic reflectance accessory. The film thickness varies from 10 to 200 nm. By modeling the frequency-dependent complex conductivity in the normal and superconducting states and applying electromagnetic-wave theory, the complex refractive index of YBa2Cu3O7 films is obtained with a fitting technique. It is found that a thickness-independent refractive index can be applied even to a 25 nm film, and average values of the spectral refractive index for film thicknesses between 25 and 200 nm are recommended for engineering applications.

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5

Lee, Hyoung-Taek, Gang-Seon Ji, Jun-Yung Oh, Choong-Won Seo, Byeong-Won Kang, Kyung-Wan Kim, and Hyeong-Ryeol Park. "Measuring Complex Refractive Indices of a Nanometer-Thick Superconducting Film Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy with a 10 Femtoseconds Pulse Laser." Crystals 11, no. 6 (June 8, 2021): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11060651.

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Superconducting thin films are widely applied in various fields, including switching devices, because of their phase transition behaviors in relation to temperature changes. Therefore, it is important to quantitatively determine the optical constant of a superconducting material in the thin-film state. We performed a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, based on a 10 femtoseconds pulse laser, to measure the optical constant of a superconducting GdBa2Cu3O7−x (GdBCO) thin film in the terahertz region. We then estimated the terahertz refractive indices of the 70 nm-thick GdBCO film using a numerical extraction process, even though the film thickness was approximately 1/10,000 times smaller than the terahertz wavelength range of 200 μm to 1 mm. The resulting refractive indices of the GdBCO thin film were consistent with the theoretical results using the two-fluid model. Our work will help to further understand the terahertz optical properties of superconducting thin films with thicknesses under 100 nm, as well as provide a standard platform for characterizing the optical properties of thin films without the need of Kramers–Kronig transformation at the terahertz frequencies.

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6

Claassen, John H., Michael Steven Osofsky, Devendra Kumar Namburi, and Philippe Vanderbemden. "Thin-Film Superconducting Shields." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 25, no. 3 (June 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2014.2360134.

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7

Kotlyarchuk, B. K., D. M. Popovich, A. A. Flis, and V. S. Flis. "Superconducting thin-film structures." Soviet Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 29, no. 11 (November 1990): 921–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00794029.

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8

Volkov, Serhii, Maros Gregor, Tomas Roch, Leonid Satrapinskyy, Branislav Grančič, Tomas Fiantok, and Andrej Plecenik. "Superconducting properties of very high quality NbN thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition." Journal of Electrical Engineering 70, no. 7 (December 1, 2019): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2019-0047.

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Abstract In this work, we study the effect of the various substrates on the growth and superconducting properties of NbN thin films grown by using pulsed laser ablation in a N2 + 1%H2 atmosphere on MgO, Al2O3 and Si substrates. Structural and superconducting analyses of the films demonstrate that using MgO and Al2O3 substrates can significantly improve the film properties compared to Si substrate. The X-ray diffraction data indicate that MgO and Al2O3 substrates produce highly oriented superconducting NbN films with large coherent domain size in the out-of plane direction on the order of layer thickness and with a superconducting transition temperature of 13.1 K and 15.2 K, respectively. On the other hand, the NbN film grown on the Si substrate exhibits random polycrystalline orientation. Together with the smallest coherent domain size it leads to the lower critical temperature of 8.3 K. Finally, by using a passivation surface layer we are able to improve superconducting properties of NbN thin film and we observe superconducting transition temperature 16.6 K, the one of the highest value reported so far for 50 nm thick NbN film on sapphire.

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9

Laibowitz, Robert B. "High Tc Superconducting Thin Films." MRS Bulletin 14, no. 1 (January 1989): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400053926.

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While high Tc superconductivity was first discovered in bulk material, it was apparent that thin films of these materials, particularly the compound YBa2Cu3O7-δ, would be of great interest to both science and technology. In this sense the development of these materials parallels a similar history in the low Tc materials. Initially, most of the low Tc materials of interest were single element metals such as Nb, Pb and Al in bulk form. Later work, mostly in magnets, led to the development of compounds or alloys of such metals as Nb-Sn, Nb-Ti, and many others. However, many physical and technological investigations required thin films with thicknesses in the range of 0.1-10μm. Microwave, infrared, and critical current studies are examples of some of the scientific uses of thin films. A few examples of the applications would include josephson junction-based digital computer circuits, SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices), transmission lines, and interconnects and rf mixers. These studies are also of great interest in the high Tc materials. It is readily apparent that scientific and technological developments in superconductivity are closely interwoven.The high level of interest in thin films can be appreciated by observing that it was barely a few months after the announcement of superconductivity above 77 K that the first films of these complex, multi-element materials, superconducting at about 86 K were announced. These early efforts at thin film fabrication were generally accomplished using multi-element deposition techniques but subsequent development has seen many varieties of film fabrication techniques used quite successfully to fabricate high-quality films.

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10

V. Zakharov, Aleksandr, Aleksandr B. Muravjev, Irina S. Pozygun, Gennadiy M. Seropyan, Sergey A. Sychev, and Ekaterina A. Yashkevich. "Superconducting Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide Thin Films Growing on the Strained Substrates." Siberian Journal of Physics 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2008): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54362/1818-7919-2008-3-4-25-32.

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The article is devoted to formation of superconducting thin films on the single-crystal substrate where areas with different values of the critical current density are, that is needed for fabrication of superconducting devices. The method is based on an establishment of elastic mechanical stresses on the substrate crystal under the nanosecond focused pulsed laser irradiation. On the irradiated substrate the superconducting thin film having auxiliary elastic stresses not till the area is over the irradiated section of the substrate is grown. At the same time the critical film current density is suppressed for required values are used to fabricate Josephson junctions. Observations for a long time demonstrate superconducting transport film properties are not varied significantly during the maintenance.

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11

Obata, Yukiko, Igor A. Karateev, Ivan Pavlov, Alexander L. Vasiliev, and Silvia Haindl. "Challenges for Pulsed Laser Deposition of FeSe Thin Films." Micromachines 12, no. 10 (October 7, 2021): 1224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12101224.

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Anti-PbO-type FeSe shows an advantageous dependence of its superconducting properties with mechanical strain, which could be utilized as future sensor functionality. Although superconducting FeSe thin films can be grown by various methods, ultrathin films needed in potential sensor applications were only achieved on a few occasions. In pulsed laser deposition, the main challenges can be attributed to such factors as controlling film stoichiometry (i.e., volatile elements during the growth), nucleation, and bonding to the substrate (i.e., film/substrate interface control) and preventing the deterioration of superconducting properties (i.e., by surface oxidization). In the present study, we address various technical issues in thin film growth of FeSe by pulsed laser deposition, which pose constraints in engineering and reduce the application potential for FeSe thin films in sensor devices. The results indicate the need for sophisticated engineering protocols that include interface control and surface protection from chemical deterioration. This work provides important actual limitations for pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of FeSe thin films with the thicknesses below 30 nm.

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12

Zhou, Zhang Yu, Fa Shun Yang, Jian Yang, Song Wang, and Xing Hua Fu. "Preparation of MgB2 Superconducting Thin Films at Low Temperature." Advanced Materials Research 479-481 (February 2012): 1781–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.479-481.1781.

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MgB2 superconducting thin films have been fabricated on Silicon (111) substrate in a two-step ex situ approach. The precursor boron film was deposited by chemical vapor deposition by using diborane as the boron source at 460°C．The Magnesium film with a thickness of about 380nm was deposited on top of the boron film by magnetron sputtering. The samples were then post-annealed in situ in argon atmosphere at 500°C for time range from 2.5h to 5.0h. The sample for optimized annealing time exhibits abrupt superconducting transition, with an onset temperature around 35K and a zero resistance temperature greater than 34K. The microstructures and morphological properties of the films were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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13

Belevtsov, L. V. "Persistent current relaxation in polycrystalline superconducting thin films." International Journal of Modern Physics B 28, no. 22 (July 3, 2014): 1450152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979214501525.

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The relaxation rate of persistent current is studied theoretically in superconducting polycrystalline thin films. It is shown that varying the material parameters of grain anisotropy, grain size and film thickness does guide to a change of the current relaxation rate (CRR) mode. The point of degeneracy of CRR was obtained. The film-thickness dependent maxima are found in the behavior of CRR.

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14

DEMIREL, ALI IHSAN. "TUNNELING PROPERTIES BETWEEN YBa2Cu3O7-d AND Ba1-xKxBiO3 THIN FILMS." Modern Physics Letters B 16, no. 22 (September 20, 2002): 843–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984902004469.

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In this study, a contact between YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-d thin film and Ba 1-x K x BiO 3 thin film has been fabricated. The typical I–V characteristics of tunneling are shown in the contact to have different superconducting energy gaps. According to the I–V characteristics, the superconducting energy gaps, 2Δ, are calculated as 1.5 meV and 3 meV for YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-d and for Ba 1-x K x BiO 3, respectively, along the c-axis. The contact boundary between these superconducting thin films shows a boundary Josephson junction with tunneling barrier properties.

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15

Subba Rao, K., R. Tamm, S. C. Wimbush, G. H. Cao, C. G. Oertel, Werner Skrotzki, and B. Holzapfel. "Texture Studies on Borocarbide Thin Films." Materials Science Forum 495-497 (September 2005): 1425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.495-497.1425.

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Epitaxial thin films of the superconducting borocarbide compound YNi2B2C were grown on single crystal MgO (100) substrates without and with Y2O3 buffer layer using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). In both cases YNi2B2C grows with [001] normal to the substrate. However, the in-plane texture depends on the starting condition. For samples without buffer layer, oxygen from the substrate diffuses into the film and forms an Y2O3 reaction layer at the interface. As a consequence, a deficiency of Y is generated giving rise to the formation of secondary phases. On the other hand, using an artificial Y2O3 buffer layer secondary phases are suppressed. The texture of the Y2O3 layers determines the texture of the YNi2B2C film. The superconducting properties of the borocarbide films are discussed with respect to texture and phase purity.

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16

Gupta, Vaibhav, John A. Sellers, Charles D. Ellis, Simin Zou, George A. Hernandez, Rujun Bai, Yang Cao, David B. Tuckerman, and Michael C. Hamilton. "Preserving Nb Superconducvity in Thin Film Flexible Structures." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2016, DPC (January 1, 2016): 002075–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2016dpc-tha32.

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Similar to observations from other groups, we have observed degradation of the superconducting properties of Nb thin films that have been subjected to subsequent high temperature fabrication processes, such as curing of a passivating polyimide layer at 350°C. This degradation may be caused by interaction with material that diffuses into the Nb during the subsequent processes, and is the subject of ongoing research. To counteract these degradation effects, we have explored multiple materials as barrier layers to attempt to isolate and protect the Nb. The effectiveness of the barrier layer depends on the use of an appropriate layer stack that minimizes degradation in the superconducting thin film, is compatible with subsequent fabrication steps, and is stable and repeatable. We have investigated multiple material stack-ups to protect Nb-based superconducting thin film in flexible structures. We show that curing polymers above a certain temperature on top of a Nb layer can adversely affect the superconducting properties including critical transition temperature (Tc) and critical current (Ic). DC electrical characterization of patterned film test structures were carried out using a closed-cycle cryostat to determine Tc and Ic for the samples. Details of the fabrication processes, experimental procedures and performance results will be presented. Results of these experiments are expected to provide insight into possible materials stack-ups for packaging and interconnect structures for future cryogenic electronics systems.

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17

Sibanda, David, Sunday Temitope Oyinbo, Tien-Chien Jen, and Ayotunde Idris Ibitoye. "A Mini Review on Thin Film Superconductors." Processes 10, no. 6 (June 14, 2022): 1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10061184.

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Thin superconducting films have been a significant part of superconductivity research for more than six decades. They have had a significant impact on the existing consensus on the microscopic and macroscopic nature of the superconducting state. Thin-film superconductors have properties that are very different and superior to bulk material. Amongst the various classification criteria, thin-film superconductors can be classified into Fe based thin-film superconductors, layered titanium compound thin-film superconductors, intercalation compounds of layered and cage-like structures, and other thin-film superconductors that do not fall into these groups. There are various techniques of manufacturing thin films, which include atomic layer deposition (ALD), chemical vapour deposition (CVD), physical vapour deposition (PVD), molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), sputtering, electron beam evaporation, laser ablation, cathodic arc, and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Thin film technology offers a lucrative scheme of creating engineered surfaces and opens a wide exploration of prospects to modify material properties for specific applications, such as those that depend on surfaces. This review paper reports on the different types and groups of superconductors, fabrication of thin-film superconductors by MBE, PLD, and ALD, their applications, and various challenges faced by superconductor technologies. Amongst all the thin film manufacturing techniques, more focus is put on the fabrication of thin film superconductors by atomic layer deposition because of the growing popularity the process has gained in the past decade.

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18

Higo, S., Y. Hakuraku, Y. Shimada, E. Minamizono, M. Tadokoro, and T. Ogushi. "Micropatterning of BiSrCaCuO Thin Films Using Excimer Laser." International Journal of Modern Physics B 12, no. 32 (December 30, 1998): 3485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979298002830.

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Micropatterning of BiSrCaCuO(BSCCO) superconducting thin films has been successfully accomplished by using a pulsed KrF excimer laser with a wavelength of λ=248 nm and a duration of 25 ns. The optimum energy density of the laser was 0.36 Jcm -2 for etching of these films. For example, a superconducting microstructure of BSCCO film with nominally 3 μm wide and 2 μm long, showed no degradation in T c and J c . Excimer laser patterning technique yields reproducible patterning without any degradation of superconducting properties. The etching bordering and surface morphology was examined using an atomic force microscope.

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19

Wang, Yin Bo, Yi Ling Chen, and Qing Rong Feng. "The Effect of Nano-Particles in Superconducting MgB₂ Thin Films on Stainless Steel Substrates." Advanced Materials Research 530 (June 2012): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.530.62.

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We have fabricated several superconducting MgB2thin films on stainless steel substrates by using hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition (HPCVD) in pure argon atmosphere. These films were observed by scanning electron microscopes (SEM) and used the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to make elements analyses. The film thickness is about 800~1000 nm. There were some cracks on the film surface when the film is bent by different angle. The number of cracks and their width increased with the increasing bending angle. Nevertheless, the films were attached to the substrates firmly. It concludes that the superconducting MgB2thin films have great ductility and adhesion to the stainless steel substrates. We found in these films many granules about tens of nanometers in size. These nano-granules can balance both the inner structure and the surface activity of the MgB2crystal. This might be an important reason for the ductility observed with the superconducting thin films. The exact explanation depends on further research.

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20

Nastasi, M., P. N. Arendt, R. Tesmer, C. J. Maggiore, R. C. Cordi, D. L. Bish, J. D. Thompson, et al. "Fabrication of oxide superconductors from multilayered metallic thin films." Journal of Materials Research 2, no. 6 (December 1987): 726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1987.0726.

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Thin-film GdBa2Cu3Ox superconductors with an onset Tc > 90 K have been produced. The films were fabricated by thermal reaction in an oxidizing atmosphere of electron-beam deposited Ba/Gd/Cu multilayers. Attempts to produce the superconducting phase YBa2Cu3Ox by multilayer reaction were unsuccessful due to a positive heat of mixing between Y and Ba. The appearance of a wide superconducting transition in GdBa2Cu3Ox films may be the result of tunneling through a nonsuperconducting second phase.

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21

Han, Hailong, Xingyu Zhang, You Xiao, Pusheng Yuan, Huiqin Yu, Shuna Wang, Heng Li, et al. "Cryogenic thermo-optic thin-film lithium niobate modulator with an NbN superconducting heater." Chinese Optics Letters 21, no. 8 (2023): 081301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202321.081301.

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22

YAN, S. L., H. L. CAO, Q. X. SONG, X. M. YANG, J. YAN, X. D. ZHOU, and Q. M. ZHANG. "ANNEALING EFFECTS OF TlCaBaCuO THIN FILMS ON YSZ SUBSTRATES." Modern Physics Letters B 04, no. 07 (April 10, 1990): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798499000060x.

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Superconducting thin films of Tl 2 Ca 2 Ba 2 Cu 3 O x have been prepared by dc magnetron sputtering from a pair of stoichiometric Tl-based targets onto YSZ substrates. The superconducting transition properties and the morphology of the films depend strongly on the post-annealing conditions. The zero resistance temperature for the best films we got is 117 K. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the annealed films with needle-like structure and terraced configuration are both highly c-axis oriented normal to the film surface.

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23

Tamir, I., A. Benyamini, E. J. Telford, F. Gorniaczyk, A. Doron, T. Levinson, D. Wang, et al. "Sensitivity of the superconducting state in thin films." Science Advances 5, no. 3 (March 2019): eaau3826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3826.

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For more than two decades, there have been reports on an unexpected metallic state separating the established superconducting and insulating phases of thin-film superconductors. To date, no theoretical explanation has been able to fully capture the existence of such a state for the large variety of superconductors exhibiting it. Here, we show that for two very different thin-film superconductors, amorphous indium oxide and a single crystal of 2H-NbSe2, this metallic state can be eliminated by adequately filtering external radiation. Our results show that the appearance of temperature-independent, metallic-like transport at low temperatures is sufficiently described by the extreme sensitivity of these superconducting films to external perturbations. We relate this sensitivity to the theoretical observation that, in two dimensions, superconductivity is only marginally stable.

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24

Sullivan, Matthew C., John Mester, and James Lockhart. "Superconducting thin-film absolute field magnetometer." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 46, S5 (May 1996): 2801–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02570387.

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25

Chrisey, Douglas B., and Arun Inam. "Pulsed Laser Deposition of High Tc Superconducting Thin Films for Electronic Device Applications." MRS Bulletin 17, no. 2 (February 1992): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400040604.

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The discovery of high transition temperature, Tc, superconductivity in copperoxide-based ceramics by Bednörz and Miiller, and the subsequent increase in Tc above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77 K), renewed interest in employing superconducting thin films in high-speed, low-power electronic device applications (e.g., compact high-quality factor filters, delay lines, and Josephson elements for high-speed, low-power switching). However, realization of these benefits requires well-controlled, reliable superconducting thin film technology which addresses not only the growth of superconducting thin films, but also the development of a multilayer device technology encompassing materials with metallic, semiconducting, and insulating properties.

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26

Li, Yan Li, Zhuang Xu, Xiang Dong Kong, Li Han, and Xiao Na Li. "The Fabrication of MgB₂ Film and Nano-Bridge by EB and FIB." Key Engineering Materials 723 (December 2016): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.723.415.

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100nm thin Mg/B precursor films were prepared on SiC substrates in ZZSX-500 vacuum coating machine. They were annealed by electron-beam(EB) which only took fractions of a second. In this paper the best annealing duration to fabricate the superconducting MgB2 thin films was investigated. Under the optimized annealing condition(accelerating voltage 15kV, electron beam current 5mA, annealing duration 0.7s), the superconducting MgB2 thin film with critical temperature Tconset~35.3 K and transition width ∆Tc~1K was fabricated. Besides that, a nano-bridge (about 100×200nm2) was etched on the superconducting MgB2 thin film by Focused Ion Beam (FIB). It’s a relative simple and efficient method. The nano-bridge exhibited the effect of Josephson junction with RSJ characteristics. At the same time a little loss of superconducting property was detected.

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27

MORI, Z., T. NAKAGAMA, S. HIGO, T. DOI, S. KOBA, and Y. HAKURAKU. "EPITAXIAL SrTiO3 BUFFER LAYERS FOR YBa2Cu3O7-δ SUPERCONDUCTING THIN FILMS ON MgO SUBSTRATE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 14, no. 09 (April 10, 2000): 1007–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979200001369.

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SrTiO 3 (STO) thin film was prepared on single crystal MgO (100) substrate by rf magnetron sputtering as a buffer layer of superconducting thin film. Sputtering conditions influence to the structural property were investigated. Highly epitaxial a-axis oriented STO thin film with extremely smooth surface was obtained by optimizing the sputtering parameters. YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (YBCO) thin film with critical temperature (T c ) of 89.8 K was obtained on STO buffer. Surface morphology of YBCO thin film was also improved. The effects of STO buffer were discussed in comparison with YBCO thin films on MgO substrate.

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28

Kong, G., M. O. Jones, J. S. Abell, P. P. Edwards, S. T. Lees, K. E. Gibbons, I. Gameson, and M. Aindow. "Microstructure of laser-ablated superconducting La2CuO4Fx thin films on SrTiO3." Journal of Materials Research 16, no. 11 (November 2001): 3309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0455.

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Thin films of lanthanum cuprate were grown on SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition and made superconducting (Tc ∼ 38 K) through the process of post-deposition fluorination using elemental fluorine. A microstructural analysis showed that the [110] zone of the film grows parallel to the [100] zone of the SrTiO3 substrate, reducing the lattice mismatch from 37.5% to 2.4%. At the film–substrate interface there is an intermediate layer 3–4 nm thick and twin-related grains emanate from this region. Stacking faults are present in the bulk of the film, with misoriented subgrains present at the deposit surface.

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29

Agostinelli, E., J. Bohandy, W. J. Green, B. F. Kim, F. J. Adrian, and K. Moorjani. "Reduced splashing effect in laser ablated superconducting thin films formed from a melt-quenched nonsuperconducting amorphous target." Journal of Materials Research 5, no. 10 (October 1990): 2075–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1990.2075.

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Comparison of superconducting thin films of Bi–Sr–Ca–Cu–O deposited by laser ablation from a melt-quenched, amorphous, nonsuperconducting target and a polycrystalline sintered superconducting target shows that they have similar superconducting properties, but the melt-quenched target yields a much smoother film. Additionally, the melt-quenched target is much easier to prepare with target preparation time reduced by a factor of twenty-five.

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30

Bonavolontà, C., C. de Lisio, M. Valentino, F. Laviano, G. P. Pepe, F. Kurth, K. Iida, A. Ichinose, and I. Tsukada. "Influence of Fe Buffer Layer on Co-Doped BaFe2As2Superconducting Thin Films." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/753108.

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A systematic characterization of Co-doped BaFe2As2(Ba-122) thin films has been carried out. Two samples were available, one grown on CaF2substrate and the other on MgO with an Fe buffer layer. The goal was to investigate films’ magnetic and superconducting properties, their reciprocal interplay, and the role played by the Fe buffer layer in modifying them. Morphological characterization and Energy Dispersive X-ray analyses on the Fe-buffered sample demonstrate the presence of diffused Fe close to the Co-doped Ba-122 outer surface as well as irregular holes in the overlying superconducting film. These results account for hysteresis loops obtained with magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements and observed at both room and low temperatures. The magnetic pattern was visualized by magneto-optical imaging with an indicator film. Moreover, we investigated the onset of superconductivity through a measure of the superconducting energy gap. The latter is strictly related to the decay time of the excitation produced by an ultrashort laser pulse and has been determined in a pump-probe transient reflectivity experiment. A comparison of results relative to Co-doped Ba-122 thin films with and without Fe buffer layer is finally reported.

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31

YAN, S. L., C. G. LIANG, R. X. HAN, B. X. YU, W. Y. LIU, B. R. LIU, F. T. SUN, et al. "GROWTH AND PROPERTIES OF YBCO SUPERCONDUCTING THIN FILMS PREPARED BY DC MAGNETRON SPUTTERING FROM A PAIR OF SUPERCONDUCTING STOICHIOMETRIC YBCO TARGETS." Modern Physics Letters B 03, no. 01 (January 1989): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984989000066.

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Superconducting YBCO thin films have been fabricated by dc magnetron sputtering from a pair of stoichiometric YBCO superconducting targets on polycrystalline ZrO 2 substrates. The post-annealing superconducting films exhibit the properties with the critical onset temperature of 95 K and zero resistivity temperature at 83 K. The relation between the composition of the film and the radial position of the substrate is investigated. The XRD analysis proved that the films are mainly orthorhombic polycrystalline structure.

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32

Bretz-Sullivan, Terence M., Rupert M. Lewis, Ana L. Lima-Sharma, David Lidsky, Christopher M. Smyth, C. Thomas Harris, Michael Venuti, Serena Eley, and Tzu-Ming Lu. "High kinetic inductance NbTiN superconducting transmission line resonators in the very thin film limit." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 5 (August 1, 2022): 052602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0100961.

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We examine the DC and radio frequency (RF) response of superconducting transmission line resonators comprised of very thin NbTiN films, [Formula: see text] in thickness, in the high-temperature limit, where the photon energy is less than the thermal energy. The resonant frequencies of these superconducting resonators show a significant nonlinear response as a function of RF input power, which can approach a frequency shift of [Formula: see text] in a [Formula: see text] span in the thinnest film. The strong nonlinear response allows these very thin film resonators to serve as high kinetic inductance parametric amplifiers.

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33

Huang, T. C., A. Segmuller, W. Lee, V. Lee, D. Bullock, and R. Karimi. "X-ray Diffraction Analysis of High Tc Superconducting Thin Films." Advances in X-ray Analysis 32 (1988): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800020577.

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AbstractX-ray diffraction techniques have been used for the structure characterization of Y-Ba-Cu-O and Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O thin films. A powder diffraction analysis of Y-Ba-Cu-O films showed that the films deposited at 650°C on Si are polycrystalline and have an orthorhambic structure similar to that of the YBa2Cu3O7 bulk superconductors. In addition to the conventional powder diffraction technique, both the rocking curve and the grazing incidence diffraction methods were used to characterize a YBa2Cu3O7 film on (110) SrTiO3 substrate. Results showed that the film was epitaxially grown and aligned with its substrate in a true epitaxy. Phase identification and line broadening analyses of Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O films showed that the films are comprised of one or more superconducting phases and probably contain stacking faults.

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34

Liu, Zhengyuan, Bingcheng Luo, Labao Zhang, Boyu Hou, and Danyang Wang. "Vortex dynamics in amorphous MoSi superconducting thin films." Superconductor Science and Technology 34, no. 12 (November 9, 2021): 125014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac2eb0.

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Abstract Vortex dynamics in superconductors have received a great deal of attention from both fundamental and applied researchers over the past few decades. Because of their critical role in the energy relaxation process of type-II superconductors, vortex dynamics have been deemed a key factor for the emerging superconducting devices, but the effect of irradiation on vortex dynamics remains unclear. With the support of electrical transport measurements under external magnetic fields and irradiation, the photon effect on vortex dynamics in amorphous MoSi (a-MoSi) superconducting thin films is investigated in this work. The magnetic-field-dependent critical vortex velocity v* derived from the Larkin–Ovchinnikov (LO) model is not significantly affected by irradiation. However, vortex depinning is found to be enhanced by photon-induced reduction in the potential barrier, which mitigates the adverse effect of film inhomogeneity on superconductivity in the a-MoSi thin films. A thorough understanding of the vortex dynamics in a-MoSi thin films under the effect of external stimuli is of paramount importance for both further fundamental research in this area and the optimization of future superconducting devices.

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35

Kondo, Seiichi. "Superconducting characteristics and the thermal stability of tungsten-based amorphous thin films." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 4 (April 1992): 853–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.0853.

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Superconducting characteristics and the thermal stability of sputtered, tungsten-based, amorphous thin films are investigated. Electronic properties and crystalline structures are analyzed as a function of the metalloid content in the films. It is well known that the superconducting Tc of a bulk crystalline tungsten is 0.01 K, which is one of the lowest transition temperatures among the superconducting metals. We have found that the W film containing 5 to 70 at. % metalloids exhibits a great enhancement in Tc. In the region of 15 to 35 at. % metalloids, the Tc shows the maximum of 5.0 K, and the transition from normal to superconducting state occurs very sharply. SEM observation together with x-ray diffraction analysis indicates that these films are amorphous in structure. The electrical resistivity is about 150 μΩ-cm, and shows little temperature dependence from Tc to 300 K. In addition, the W–Si amorphous superconductor is thermally very stable after annealing at 700 °C, but the W–Ge amorphous alloy crystallizes at 600 °C.

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36

Drehman, A. J., M. W. Dumais, J. A. Horrigan, G.-C. Wang, and Y.-F. Liew. "Near-surface stoichiometry of high temperature superconducting YBaCuO thin films." Journal of Materials Research 5, no. 7 (July 1990): 1392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1990.1392.

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The surface morphology and near-surface chemical composition of high temperature superconducting Y–Ba–Cu–O thin films have been studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) depth profiling. These films were fabricated on SrTiO3 substrates by RF diode sputter deposition and subsequent furnace annealing in oxygen. The chemical composition at and near the surface of thin films was found to differ from the bulk composition. At about 500 Å below the surface the Y, Ba, and Cu stoichiometry, as determined by AES, gradually approach that of the film interior. These results suggest that, for furnace annealed films, there may exist a minimum deposited Y–Ba–Cu–O film thickness in which superconductivity is possible. It was also found that the calculated copper concentration determined by AES during depth profiling is significantly lower than its actual value.

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37

KAWASAKI, Masashi. "Superconducting Electronics. Thin-Film Technology for High Tc Superconducting Devices." TEION KOGAKU (Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan) 31, no. 11 (1996): 563–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.31.563.

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38

Liu, Yixin, Han Zhang, Xiaowen Han, Teng Wang, Lingling Wang, Zhengqi Niu, Jie Pan, et al. "Evolution of the upper critical field and superconducting vortex phase with thickness in PLD-grown Ta films." Superconductor Science and Technology 35, no. 5 (March 30, 2022): 055010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac4ba1.

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Abstract High quality superconducting thin films are the basis for the application of superconducting devices. Here, we report on the film growth and superconducting properties of Ta films. The films were grown by the pulsed laser deposition technique on the α-Al2O3 substrates. It is found that, with the increase of the film thickness from 20 nm to 61 nm, both the superconducting transition temperature T c and residual resistance ratio (RRR) display an upward trend, while the upper critical field decreases monotonously in a wide temperature region. A clear anisotropic behavior is revealed by comparing the upper critical fields with two different orientations ( H ⊥ film and H ∥ film ). The anisotropy parameter Γ is found to be as high as 20 for the sample with the thickness of 20 nm. The systematical evolution from two- to three-dimensional features for the superconductivity with increasing the film thickness is observed in the temperature dependent upper critical field data. Moreover, the vortex liquid region tends to expand with the increase in the film thickness.

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39

Luo, Peng, and Yihui Zhao. "Niobium Nitride Preparation for Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors." Molecules 28, no. 17 (August 23, 2023): 6200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176200.

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Niobium nitride (NbN) is widely used in the production of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) due to its high superconducting transition temperature and suitable energy gap. The processing parameters used for the preparation of NbN films and the subsequent processing of nanowires have a significant effect on the performance of the SNSPD. In this review, we will present various thin film growth methods, including magnetron sputtering, atomic layer deposition (ALD), and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The relationships between the superconducting performance of each thin film and the corresponding deposition process will be discussed. Subsequently, NbN nanowire fabrication methods and microstructures based on thin film etching will be summarized, and their impact on the qualities of the finished SNSPDs will be systematically analyzed. Finally, we will provide an outlook for the future development of preparation for SNSPD.

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40

Kubota, Nobuhiko, Tsunemi Sugimoto, Yuh Shiohara, and Shoji Tanaka. "(110)-oriented Bi–Sr–Ca–Cu–O superconducting thin films prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 5 (May 1993): 978–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.0978.

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We have studied the superconducting Bi–Sr–Ca–Cu–O thin films prepared by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The thin films fabricated on an MgO(110) single crystal substrate show a preferential (110) orientation. The fabrication of (110)-oriented film was dependent on the chemical composition and the existence of a Sr–Ca–Cu–O buffer layer. The zero resistance temperature (Tc0) was obtained at 60 K for the 1 μm thick film and 23 K for the 300 nm thick film. The critical current density (Jc) of this film at 4.2 K was about 1 × 104 A/cm2 for the film of 1 μm thickness.

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41

ITOZAKI, Hideo. "Synthesis of Y based superconducting thin film." Hyomen Kagaku 10, no. 4 (1989): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.10.239.

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42

Miklich, A. H., J. X. Przybysz, T. J. Smith, S. P. Benz, and T. E. Harvey. "Superconducting thin-film transformers at microwave frequencies." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 9, no. 2 (June 1999): 3062–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.783675.

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43

Wang, H. Y., and M. J. Lancaster. "Aperture-coupled thin-film superconducting meander antennas." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 47, no. 5 (May 1999): 829–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/8.774137.

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44

Sokolovsky, Vladimir, and Victor Meerovich. "Resistive Domains in Thin Superconducting Film Structures." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 29, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2018.2854621.

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45

Ishida, Takekazu, Masatoshi Nishikawa, Yoshifumi Fujita, Satoru Okayasu, Masaki Katagiri, Kazuo Satoh, Tsutomu Yotsuya, et al. "Superconducting MgB2 Thin Film Detector for Neutrons." Journal of Low Temperature Physics 151, no. 3-4 (January 29, 2008): 1074–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10909-008-9790-x.

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46

Chen, J. "Magnetic response of the superconducting thin film." Physica B: Condensed Matter 284-288 (July 2000): 907–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(99)02228-0.

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47

Sarkar, B. K., P. Usha, R. Pinto, and V. K. Misra. "High Temperature Superconducting thin film Microwave Filters." IETE Journal of Research 45, no. 3-4 (May 1999): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03772063.1999.11416107.

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48

Mogro-Campero, A., W. A. Roshen, L. G. Turner, and R. D. Black. "Thin-film superconducting inductors for power electronics." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 3, no. 3 (1993): 3059–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.234842.

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49

Lee, L. H., T. P. Orlando, and W. G. Lyons. "Current distribution in superconducting thin-film strips." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 4, no. 1 (March 1994): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.273063.

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50

Öszi, Zs, Š. Beňačka, M. Španková, Š. Chromik, and I. Kostič. "High Temperature Superconducting Thin Film Josephson Junctions." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 54, S4 (December 2004): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10582-004-0118-z.

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