Journal articles: 'Sulphur and Callcium isotopes'

1

McArdle, Nicola C., and Peter S. Liss. "Isotopes and atmospheric sulphur." Atmospheric Environment 29, no. 18 (September 1995): 2553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(95)00188-5.

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Strauss, Harald. "Sulphur isotopes and the early Archaean sulphur cycle." Precambrian Research 126, no. 3-4 (October 2003): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9268(03)00104-9.

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3

TRUST, B. A., and B. FRY. "Stable sulphur isotopes in plants: a review." Plant, Cell and Environment 15, no. 9 (December 1992): 1105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb01661.x.

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4

Paytan, Adina, Ellen T. Gray, Zhongwu Ma, Andrea Erhardt, and Kristina Faul. "Application of sulphur isotopes for stratigraphic correlation." Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 48, no. 1 (March 2012): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2011.625423.

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5

Montinaro, A., and H. Strauss. "Sulphur tales from the early Archean world." International Journal of Astrobiology 15, no. 3 (April 4, 2016): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550415000531.

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AbstractSedimentary and magmatic rocks and their distinct sulphur isotopic signatures indicate the sources and processes of sulphur cycling, in particular through the analysis of all four stable sulphur isotopes (32S, 33S, 34S and 36S). Research over the past 15 years has substantially advanced our understanding of sulphur cycling on the early Earth, most notably through the discovery of mass-independently fractionated sulphur isotopic signatures. A strong atmospheric influence on the early Archean global sulphur cycle is apparent, much in contrast to the modern world. Diverse microbially driven sulphur cycling is clearly discernible, but its importance for Earth surface environments remains to be quantified.

6

Farquhar, James, Joel Savarino, Terri L. Jackson, and Mark H. Thiemens. "Evidence of atmospheric sulphur in the martian regolith from sulphur isotopes in meteorites." Nature 404, no. 6773 (March 2000): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35003517.

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7

Suomijärvi, T., J. H. Kelley, S. E. Hirzebruch, A. Azhari, D. Bazin, Y. Blumenfeld, J. A. Brown, et al. "Inelastic proton scattering on Neutron-Rich sulphur isotopes." Acta Physica Hungarica A) Heavy Ion Physics 6, no. 1-4 (October 1997): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03158495.

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8

Humire, P. K., V. Thiel, C. Henkel, A. Belloche, J. C. Loison, T. Pillai, D. Riquelme, et al. "Sulphur and carbon isotopes towards Galactic centre clouds." Astronomy & Astrophysics 642 (October 2020): A222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038216.

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Context. Measuring isotopic ratios is a sensitive technique used to obtain information on stellar nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution. Aims. We present measurements of the carbon and sulphur abundances in the interstellar medium of the central region of our Galaxy. The selected targets are the +50 km s−1 Cloud and several line-of-sight clouds towards Sgr B2(N). Methods. Towards the +50 km s−1 Cloud, we observed the J = 2–1 rotational transitions of 12C32S, 12C34S, 13C32S, 12C33S, and 13C34S, and the J = 3–2 transitions of 12C32S and 12C34S with the IRAM-30 m telescope, as well as the J = 6–5 transitions of 12C34S and 13C32S with the APEX 12 m telescope, all in emission. The J = 2–1 rotational transitions of 12C32S, 12C34S, 13C32S, and 13C34S were observed with ALMA in the envelope of Sgr B2(N), with those of 12C32S and 12C34S also observed in the line-of-sight clouds towards Sgr B2(N), all in absorption. Results. In the +50 km s−1 Cloud we derive a 12C/13C isotopic ratio of 22.1−2.4+3.3, that leads, with the measured 13C32S/12C34S line intensity ratio, to a 32S/34S ratio of 16.3−2.4+3.0. We also derive the 32S/34S isotopic ratio more directly from the two isotopologues 13C32S and 13C34S, which leads to an independent 32S/34S estimation of 16.3−1.7+2.1 and 17.9 ± 5.0 for the +50 km s−1 Cloud and Sgr B2(N), respectively. We also obtain a 34S/33S ratio of 4.3 ± 0.2 in the +50 km s−1 Cloud. Conclusions. Previous studies observed a decreasing trend in the 32S/34S isotopic ratios when approaching the Galactic centre. Our result indicates a termination of this tendency at least at a galactocentric distance of 130−30+60 pc. This is at variance with findings based on 12C/13C, 14N/15N, and 18O/17O isotope ratios, where the above-mentioned trend is observed to continue right to the central molecular zone. This can indicate a drop in the production of massive stars at the Galactic centre, in the same line as recent metallicity gradient ([Fe/H]) studies, and opens the work towards a comparison with Galactic and stellar evolution models.

9

Soderberg, Keir, Joh Henschel, Robert J. Swap, and Stephen A. Macko. "Sulphur isotopes in the central Namib Desert ecosystem." Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 69, no. 3 (September 2, 2014): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0035919x.2014.976778.

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10

Wadleigh, Moire A. "Lichens and atmospheric sulphur: what stable isotopes reveal." Environmental Pollution 126, no. 3 (December 2003): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-7491(03)00247-1.

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11

Heidel, Claudia, and Marion Tichomirowa. "Galena oxidation investigations on oxygen and sulphur isotopes." Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 47, no. 2 (June 2011): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2011.577893.

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12

BACKLUND, K., A. BOMAN, and S. FRÖJDÖ. "An analytical procedure for determination of sulphur species and isotopes in boreal acid sulphate soils and sediments." Agricultural and Food Science 14, no. 1 (December 4, 2008): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2137/1459606054224147.

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An analytical scheme suitable for boreal acid sulphate (AS) soils and sediments was developed on the basis of existing methods. The presented procedure can be used to quantify and discriminate among acid volatile sulphide, cold chromium reducible sulphur, hot chromium reducible sulphur, elemental sulphur, sulphate sulphur, organic sulphur, total reducible sulphur and total sulphur. The sulphur fractions are recovered as either Ag2S or BaSO4 precipitates and can further be used for isotope analysis. Overlaps between sulphur species are common during speciation, and must be minimized. Some of these overlaps are caused by poor sampling and storage, inappropriate conditions during the distillation, or natural variations in the sample (e.g. Fe3+ interference and grain size). The procedural impact was determined by conducting tests on both artificial and natural samples containing one or several sulphur species. The method is applied on reduced sediment from an AS soil locality (Överpurmo) and a brackish lake (Larsmo Lake) in western Finland and the results, including S-isotopes, are discussed.;

13

Nguyen, B. C., and J. P. Putaud. "Stable isotopes: Natural and anthropogenic sulphur in the environment." Atmospheric Research 29, no. 3-4 (May 1993): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-8095(93)90011-c.

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14

Luther, George W. "Stable isotopes: Natural and anthropogenic sulphur in the environment." Chemical Geology 103, no. 1-4 (January 1993): 295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(93)90310-f.

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15

Zazzo, A., F. J. Monahan, A. P. Moloney, S. Green, and O. Schmidt. "Sulphur isotopes in animal hair track distance to sea." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 25, no. 17 (August 1, 2011): 2371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.5131.

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16

Chela-Flores, Julian. "Instrumentation for Detecting Sulphur Isotopes as Biosignatures on Europa and Ganymede by Forthcoming Missions." Universe 8, no. 7 (June 27, 2022): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8070357.

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There has been remarkable progress in identifying a certain type of biosignature, both from the point of view of the payloads of forthcoming missions, and from the point of view of biogeochemistry. This progress has been due to the evolution of miniaturized mass spectrometry that can be used, under certain circumstances and for certain samples, to distinguish between putatively abiotic and biotic sulphur isotopes. These specific types of biosignatures are discussed in the context of Europa and Ganymede. Such instruments are sufficiently precise to differentiate between abiotic and biotic signatures. We reflect on new possibilities that will be available during this decade for exploring the nearest ocean worlds: Europa and Ganymede. We review arguments that point out the presence of intriguing sulphur patches on Europa’s icy surface that were discovered by the Galileo mission. These patches lead to a “sulphur dilemma”, which suggests not to focus future measurements exclusively on organics. We comment on the possibility of measurements of sulphur isotopes, as one kind of biosignature, to be complemented with additional biosignatures, in order to fully test biogenicity. These suggestions are intended to point out the best use of the available spacecrafts’ payloads during the planning of the forthcoming Jovian missions.

17

Krell, S., B. M. Barnett, H. Clement, J. Jaki, R. R. Johnson, C. Joram, W. Kluge, et al. "Precision Measurements of Low-Energy Pion Scattering on Sulphur Isotopes." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 15, no. 1 (May 1, 1991): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/15/1/003.

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18

Hellingwerf, R. H., and J. G. van Raaphorst. "Sulphur isotopes from the gruvåsen sulphide skarn deposit, Bergslagen, Sweden." Mineralogy and Petrology 38, no. 3 (May 1988): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01164699.

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19

LIU, C., K. HACKLEY, and D. COLEMAN. "Use of stable sulphur isotopes to monitor directly the behaviour of sulphur in coal during thermal desulphurization." Fuel 66, no. 5 (May 1987): 683–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(87)90279-1.

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20

Strauss, Harald, Hannah Chmiel, Andreas Christ, Artur Fugmann, Kurt Hanselmann, Andreas Kappler, Paul Königer, Andreas Lutter, Katharina Siedenberg, and Barbara M. A. Teichert. "Multiple sulphur and oxygen isotopes reveal microbial sulphur cycling in spring waters in the Lower Engadin, Switzerland." Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 52, no. 1-2 (April 29, 2015): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2015.1032961.

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21

Mudrinić, Cedomir, and Todor Serafimovski. "Lead, sulphur, oxygen and carbon isotopes in the Zletovo ore field (Eastern Macedonia)." Geologica Balcanica 24, no. 3 (June 30, 1994): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/geolbalc.24.3.39.

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Results of isotopic studies of lead, sulphur, oxygen and carbon in the main hydrothermal ore veins and stockwork-disseminated polymetallic ore formations within the Tertiary volcanics in the Zletovo ore field are exposed and discussed in the present paper. Ore metals and sulphur are of endogenous origin, most probably from the deeper parts of the Earth’s crust or/and the upper mantle. On the basis of the isotopic composition of oxygen and carbon it can be supposed that mixed underground meteoric waters influenced to a great extent the ore-bearing fluids. The volcanic activity and the deposition of the polymetallic mineralizations took place within the interval between 27 and 16 Ma BP, according to the K-Ar data obtained.

22

Jamieson, J. W., B. A. Wing, J. Farquhar, and M. D. Hannington. "Neoarchaean seawater sulphate concentrations from sulphur isotopes in massive sulphide ore." Nature Geoscience 6, no. 1 (December 2, 2012): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1647.

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23

Mathi, P., P. K. Sahoo, D. N. Joshi, M. N. Deo, A. K. Nayak, S. K. Sarkar, and V. Parthasarathy. "A novel two-stage process for laser enrichment of sulphur isotopes." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 194, no. 2-3 (February 2008): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2007.08.034.

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24

Ingri, J. "Hydrogeochemistry of Sulphur Isotopes in the Kalix River Catchment, Northern Sweden." Mineralogical Magazine 58A, no. 1 (1994): 442–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1994.58a.1.230.

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25

Valley, John W. "SCOPE 43. Stable isotopes: Natural and anthropogenic sulphur in the environment." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 56, no. 5 (May 1992): 2145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(92)90341-f.

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26

JOHNSTON, D. T., J. FARQUHAR, K. S. HABICHT, and D. E. CANFIELD. "Sulphur isotopes and the search for life: strategies for identifying sulphur metabolisms in the rock record and beyond." Geobiology 6, no. 5 (December 2008): 425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4669.2008.00171.x.

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27

Farquhar, James, and Boswell A. Wing. "The terrestrial record of stable sulphur isotopes: a review of the implications for evolution of Earth’s sulphur cycle." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 248, no. 1 (2005): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.248.01.09.

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28

Frietsch, R., K. Billstr�m, and J. A. Perdahl. "Sulphur isotopes in Lower Proterozoic iron and sulphide ores in northern Sweden." Mineralium Deposita 30, no. 3-4 (June 1995): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00196363.

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29

Goff, Fraser, Jamie Gardner, Rosemary Vidale, and Robert Charles. "Geochemistry and isotopes of fluids from sulphur springs, Valles Caldera, New Mexico." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 23, no. 3-4 (February 1985): 273–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(85)90038-1.

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30

Pollard, A. M. "Isotopes and impact: a cautionary tale." Antiquity 85, no. 328 (May 2011): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00068034.

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There can be no doubt that isotopic studies have made a huge contribution to archaeology in recent years, so much so that isotope archaeology is now seen as an essential subdiscipline of archaeology in much the same way as isotope geochemistry is a key subdiscipline of geochemistry. Ignoring for current purposes the contribution made by the measurement of a particular radioactive isotope of carbon (14C) since 1950, we can date the beginnings of isotope archaeology to the mid 1960s with the first measurements of lead isotopes in archaeological metals and slags by Brill and Wampler (1965, 1967). This was followed by carbon stable isotopes in human bone collagen in the late 1970s, building on previous work measuring σ13C in archaeological bone for radiocarbon determinations (Vogel & Van der Merwe 1977; Van der Merwe & Vogel 1978). Other isotopes followed rapidly, such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur and hydrogen for archaeological, palaeoecological or palaeoclimatological purposes and, more recently, the heavier radiogenic isotopes of strontium and neodymium for determining the provenance of organic and inorganic materials (Pollard & Heron 2008).

31

Smock, A. M. "A Combined Pathway of Sulphur Compound Disproportionation by a Sulphate-Reducing Bacterium (Desulfovibrio Desulfuricans): Evidence from Stable Sulphur Isotopes." Mineralogical Magazine 62A, no. 3 (1998): 1423–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1998.62a.3.79.

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32

Strauss, Harald, Rebecca Bast, Anja Cording, David Diekrup, Artur Fugmann, Dieter Garbe-Schönberg, Andreas Lutter, et al. "Sulphur diagenesis in the sediments of the Kiel Bight, SW Baltic Sea, as reflected by multiple stable sulphur isotopes." Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 48, no. 1 (March 2012): 166–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2012.648930.

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33

Fouillac, C., A. M. Fouillac, and A. Criaud. "Sulphur and oxygen isotopes of dissolved sulphur species in formation waters from the Dogger geothermal aquifer, Paris Basin, France." Applied Geochemistry 5, no. 4 (July 1990): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(90)90018-z.

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34

Trembàczowski, Andrzej. "Sulphur and Oxygen Isotopes Behaviour in Sulphates of Atmospheric Ground water System Observations and Model." Hydrology Research 22, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1991.0004.

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Comparison of sulphate concentrations in groundwaters and atmospheric precipitation suggests that about 30 % of groundwater sulphate may be of atmospheric origin. Another source of sulphate ion is the oxidation of sulphur compounds by microorganisms in the soil or in the aquifer. The sulphates of atmospheric and biogenic origin are mixed in the soil and subsequently the mixture gets into the groundwater. The ð34S data suggest, that ð34S of biogenic sulphates is the same as that of atmospheric sulphates. Processes such as: the assimilation of sulphates by plants, their decay and oxidation of organic compounds do not change the ð34S significantly. Significant differences between ð18O values of sulphates of atmospheric and biogenic origin, which are created by microbiological sulphur-oxidizing processes, may be useful for interpretation of the processes in the groundwater system.

35

Gaigalas, Algirdas, and Stanislaw Halas. "Stable Isotopes (H, C, S) and the Origin of Baltic Amber." Geochronometria 33, no. -1 (January 1, 2009): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10003-009-0001-9.

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Stable Isotopes (H, C, S) and the Origin of Baltic Amber New results of isotope analysis of light elements (H, C and S) of a dozen Baltic amber samples are described and discussed. Carbon isotope composition was nearly constant (ca. -23‰), whereas sulphur and hydrogen varied in their isotope compositions from +4 to -28‰ and from -171 to -213‰, respectively. The formation and subsequent evolution of this material since its origin in Paleogene time until present is outlined.

36

Craw, D., A. J. Hall, A. E. Fallick, and A. J. Boyce. "Sulphur isotopes in a metamorphogenic gold deposit, Macraes mine, Otago Schist, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 38, no. 2 (April 1995): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1995.9514645.

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37

Cabral, Rita A., Matthew G. Jackson, Estelle F. Rose-Koga, Kenneth T. Koga, Martin J. Whitehouse, Michael A. Antonelli, James Farquhar, James M. D. Day, and Erik H. Hauri. "Anomalous sulphur isotopes in plume lavas reveal deep mantle storage of Archaean crust." Nature 496, no. 7446 (April 2013): 490–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12020.

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38

RAISWELL, R. "A geochemical framework for the application of stable sulphur isotopes to fossil pyritization." Journal of the Geological Society 154, no. 2 (March 1997): 343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.154.2.0343.

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39

Bird, Michael I., Anita S. Andrew, Allan R. Chivas, and David E. Lock. "An isotopic study of surficial alunite in Australia: 1. Hydrogen and sulphur isotopes." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53, no. 12 (December 1989): 3223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90103-8.

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40

Farrell, Sean, Keith Bell, and Ian Clark. "Sulphur isotopes in carbonatites and associated silicate rocks from the Superior Province, Canada." Mineralogy and Petrology 98, no. 1-4 (December 19, 2009): 209–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00710-009-0101-2.

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41

Pujiindiyati, E. Ristin, and Zainal Abidin. "INVESTIGATION OF DISSOLVED SULPHATE IN VARIOUS GEOTHERMAL FIELDS OF SUMATRA USING OXYGEN AND SULPHUR ISOTOPES." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 6, no. 2 (June 14, 2010): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21756.

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There are at least 30 high temperature systems; eleven active volcanoes, five degassing volcanoes and one caldera volcano controlled by Sumatra Fault Zone over a length of 1700 km. To understand this geothermal field system, some information about geochemistry including isotope composition in its fluid is needed. Sulphur-34 and oxygen-18 isotopes in dissolved sulphate pair have been used to determine the origin of acidic fluid of sulphate and to evaluate the process involved. The fluids from eight hot springs, two fumaroles, four deep wells and crater have been collected in along Sumatra geothermal fields. Sulphur-34 (d 34S (SO4), 0/00 CDT) and oxygen-18 (d 18O (SO4), 0/00 SMOW) in sulphate is analyzed according to Robinson-Kusakabe and Rafter method, respectively. The d 34S (SO4) values from Sibayak wells are more enriched of 16.8 0/00 to 18.2 0/0 that may indicate the dissolution of anhydrite minerals or isotope partitioning in hydration of SO2. The d 34S (SO4) values from two fumaroles (Pusuk Bukit - North Sumatra and Rantau Dadap - South Sumatra) are at depleted value of -0.150/00 and 1.80/00, those are close to d 34S from magmatic sulphur. In general, the d 34S (SO4) of springs spread in a wide range of 5.250/00 to14.20/00 and show a mixing process between atmospheric sulphate and sulphate from deep wells. The d 18O (SO4) from wells exhibits depleted value around -3.60/00 suggesting that 87.5% of sulphate oxygen is derived from groundwater oxygen and 12.5% is derived from atmospheric molecular oxygen in sulphide oxidation reaction. In the other hand, hot springs (except Semurup), crater and fumaroles have enriched value of d 18O (SO4). These enriched values suggest that a higher percentage of atmospherically derived oxygen compared to those from the depth. Keywords: isotope, geothermal, Sumatra

42

HAGGERTY, R., and S. H. BOTTRELL. "The genesis of the Llanrwst and Llanfair veinfields, North Wales: evidence from fluid inclusions and stable isotopes." Geological Magazine 134, no. 2 (March 1997): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756897006729.

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The Llanrwst Pb–Zn veinfield occupies fractures in an Ordovician volcano-sedimentary sequence, with three separate mineralizing events (M1, M2 and M3). The Llanfair Pb–Zn–Cu veinfield consists of sporadic mineralization in Silurian sediments. Fluid inclusion data from both veinfields indicate mineralization took place from CaCl2-bearing brines, up to 26 wt % NaCl equivalent, between 125 and 190 °C with cooler (< 100 °C), more dilute fluids associated with later thrusting at Llanrwst. Sulphur at both veinfields was derived during the main phases of sulphide precipitation from the host rocks, with paragenetically late sulphides and sulphates deriving sulphur from 34S-enriched surface waters. Carbon and oxygen isotopic data on vein carbonates shows that both deposits formed from waters that had undergone extensive water–rock interaction. Carbon was derived from at least two sources: marine carbonate dominated at Llanfair, whereas organic matter in the host rocks was more significant at Llanrwst. These data indicate that the veins formed from evolved brines which migrated along fault systems to the loci of deposition during a phase of extensional tectonics in late Devonian to Tournasian times.

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CROISETIÈRE, LOUIS, LANDIS HARE, ANDRÉ TESSIER, and GILBERT CABANA. "Sulphur stable isotopes can distinguish trophic dependence on sediments and plankton in boreal lakes." Freshwater Biology 54, no. 5 (May 2009): 1006–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02147.x.

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44

Tran, Trong Hoa, P. A. Nevolko, Thi Phuong Ngo, T. V. Svetlitskaya, Hoang Ly Vu, Yu O. Redin, Tuan Anh Tran, Thi Dung Pham, and Thi Huong Ngo. "Geology, geochemistry and sulphur isotopes of the Hat Han gold–antimony deposit, NE Vietnam." Ore Geology Reviews 78 (October 2016): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.03.021.

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45

Newton, Rob, and Simon Bottrell. "Stable isotopes of carbon and sulphur as indicators of environmental change: past and present." Journal of the Geological Society 164, no. 4 (July 2007): 691–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492006-101.

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46

Richards, M. P., B. T. Fuller, M. Sponheimer, T. Robinson, and L. Ayliffe. "Sulphur isotopes in palaeodietary studies: a review and results from a controlled feeding experiment." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 13, no. 1-2 (January 2003): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.654.

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47

Gurenko, Andrey A. "Origin of sulphur in relation to silicate-sulphide immiscibility in Tolbachik primitive arc magma (Kamchatka, Russia): Insights from sulphur and boron isotopes." Chemical Geology 576 (August 2021): 120244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120244.

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48

Larner, Fiona, Catriona A. McLean, Alex N. Halliday, and Blaine R. Roberts. "Copper Isotope Compositions of Superoxide Dismutase and Metallothionein from Post-Mortem Human Frontal Cortex." Inorganics 7, no. 7 (July 7, 2019): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7070086.

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The natural copper isotopic compositions of superoxide dismutase and metallothionein from six post-mortem human frontal cortices were determined using a combination of size exclusion protein liquid chromatography, followed by anion exchange chromatography and multiple collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Superoxide dismutase was enriched in the heavier 65Cu relative to the metallothionein fraction in all specimen pairs. The isotopic compositions were independent of copper content. This finding provides evidence that nitrogen ligands in protein copper binding sites will be enriched in heavy metal isotopes, and sulphur ligands will preferentially incorporate lighter isotopes in vivo. This in turn has implications for understanding isotopic distributions within different components in the body and the dominant ligands in different tissues. Differences in Cu isotope distributions between the two proteins were seen between Alzheimer’s disease and healthy control samples, when normalised for sex.

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Lotierzo, M., B. Tse Sum Bui, D. Florentin, F. Escalettes, and A. Marquet. "Biotin synthase mechanism: an overview." Biochemical Society Transactions 33, no. 4 (August 1, 2005): 820–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0330820.

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Abstract:

Biotin synthase, a member of the ‘radical SAM’ (S-adenosylmethionine) family, converts DTB (dethiobiotin) into biotin. The active form of the Escherichia coli enzyme contains two (Fe-S) centres, a (4Fe-4S) and a (2Fe-2S). The (4Fe-4S)2+/+ mediates the electron transfer required for the reductive cleavage of SAM into methionine and a DOA• (deoxyadenosyl radical). Two DOA•, i.e. two SAM molecules, are consumed to activate the positions 6 and 9 of DTB. A direct transfer of isotope from the labelled substrate into DOAH (deoxyadenosine) has been observed with 2H, although not quantitatively, but not with tritium. The source of the sulphur introduced to form biotin is still under debate. We have shown that the (2Fe-2S)2+ cluster can be reconstituted in the apoenzyme with S2− and Fe2+. When S2− was replaced by [34S2−], [35S2−] or Se2−, biotin containing mostly the sulphur isotopes or selenium was obtained. This leads us to favour the hypothesis that the (2Fe-2S) centre is the sulphur donor, which may explain the absence of turnover of the enzyme. DTBSH (9-mercaptodethiobiotin), which already contains the sulphur atom of biotin, was shown to be an alternative substrate of biotin synthase both in vivo and with a crude extract. When this compound was tested with a well-defined in vitro system, the same turnover of one and similar reaction rates were observed for DTB and DTBSH. We postulate that the same intermediate is formed from both substrates.

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Grassineau, N. V., E. G. Nisbet, M. J. Bickle, C. M. R. Fowler, D. Lowry, D. P. Mattey, P. Abell, and A. Martin. "Antiquity of the biological sulphur cycle: evidence from sulphur and carbon isotopes in 2700 million–year–old rocks of the Belingwe Belt, Zimbabwe." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 268, no. 1463 (January 22, 2001): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1338.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sulphur and Callcium isotopes'

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