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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sulfur compounds

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Academic literature on the topic 'Sulfur compounds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 March 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Sulfur compounds"

1

Arisawa, Mieko, and Masahiko Yamaguchi. "Rhodium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Organosulfur Compounds using Sulfur." Synlett 30, no. 14 (July 2, 2019): 1621–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611867.

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Sulfur is one of the few elements that occurs uncombined in nature. Sulfur atoms are found in natural amino acids and vitamins. In the chemical industry, organosulfur compounds are used for fabricating rubber, fibers, and dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. Although sulfur, which is cheap and easy to handle, is a useful source of sulfur atom in functional organosulfur compounds, it is rarely used in organic synthesis. Activation of sulfur by high temperature, light irradiation, treatment with nucleophiles and electrophiles, and redox conditions often results in the formation of various active sulfur species, which complicate reactions. The development of a method that mildly activates sulfur is therefore desired. The use of transition-metal catalysts is a new method of activating sulfur under mild conditions, and, in this article, we describe the rhodium-catalyzed synthesis of various organosulfur compounds by the insertion of sulfur atoms into single bonds and by the addition of sulfur to unsaturated bond in various organic compounds.1 Introduction2 Sulfur Activation without using Transition Metal3 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Activation of Sulfur4 Rhodium-Catalyzed Reactions using Sulfur4.1 Rhodium-Catalyzed Sulfur Atom Exchange Reactions using Sulfur4.2 Synthesis of Diaryl Sulfides using Rhodium-Catalyzed Exchange Reaction of Aryl Fluorides and Sulfur/Organopolysulfides4.3 Rhodium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Isothiocyanate using Sulfur4.4 Rhodium-Catalyzed Sulfur Addition Reaction to Alkenes for Thiiranes Synthesis4.5 Rhodium-Catalyzed Sulfur Addition Reaction to Alkynes for 1,4-Dithiins Synthesis5 Conclusion

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Wanikawa, Akira, and Toshikazu Sugimoto. "A Narrative Review of Sulfur Compounds in Whisk(e)y." Molecules 27, no. 5 (March 3, 2022): 1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051672.

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The production process of whisky consists of malting, mashing, fermentation, distillation and maturation. Sulfur volatile compounds generated during this process have long attracted interest because they influence quality in general. More than forty compounds have been reported: they are formed during malting, fermentation, and distillation, but some may decrease in concentration during distillation and maturation. In sensory analysis, sulfur characteristics are described as sulfury, meaty, cereal, feinty, and vegetable, among others. Their contribution to overall quality depends on their concentration, with a positive contribution at low levels, but a negative contribution at high levels. Chemical analyses of sulfur volatiles have been developed by using sulfur-selective detectors and multi-dimensional gas chromatography to overcome the numerous interferences from the matrix. Formation pathways, thresholds, and contribution have not been elucidated completely; therefore, methods for integrating diverse data and knowledge, as well as novel technical innovations, will be needed to control sulfur volatiles in the future.

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Wu, Mingqing, Chunyan Chang, Tao Li, Jian Zhou, and Liping Zhao. "Characterization of Sulfur Compounds in MTBE." Journal of Fuels 2015 (June 21, 2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/360790.

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A study is carried out on chemical constitution of sulfur compounds in MTBE and their formation mechanisms. These sulfur compounds are classified into three types: common sulfur compounds, newly formed sulfur compounds, and high boiling sulfur compounds. Common sulfur compounds which include mercaptans, low molecule sulfides and disulfides, are directly from C4, one of the stocks for production of MTBE. The newly formed sulfur compounds, with one sulfur atom and five or more total carbon atoms in one molecule, are mainly tert-butyl methyl sulfide and tert-butyl ethyl sulfide, thioetherification products of thiols with butenes. Many high boiling sulfur compounds, including polysulfides such as dimethyl trisulfide, multisulfur heterocyclic compounds such as 3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane, and oxygen-containing sulfur compounds such as 2-methoxy-3-methylthio-butane, are also found newly formed in the processes of LPG refining and succedent etherification reaction for producing MTBE. Polysulfides are additional products of elemental sulfur to disulfides, and other high boiling sulfur compounds may be formed by thiols reacting with dienes.

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Nwachukwu, Ifeanyi D., Alan J. Slusarenko, and Martin C. H. Gruhlke. "Sulfur and Sulfur Compounds in Plant Defence." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 3 (March 2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700323.

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The multiplicity of chemical structures of sulfur containing compounds, influenced in part by the element's several oxidation states, directly results in diverse modes of action for sulfur-containing natural products synthesized as secondary metabolites in plants. Sulfur-containing natural products constitute a formidable wall of defence against a wide range of pathogens and pests. Steady progress in the development of new technologies have advanced research in this area, helping to uncover the role of such important plant defence molecules like endogenously-released elemental sulphur, but also deepening current understanding of other better-studied compounds like the glucosinolates. As studies continue in this area, it is becoming increasingly evident that sulfur and sulfur compounds play far more important roles in plant defence than perhaps previously suspected.

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Maksimov, A. M., V. V. Kireenkov, and V. E. Platonov. "Organofluorine sulfur-containing compounds." Russian Chemical Bulletin 45, no. 1 (January 1996): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01433751.

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Kalugin, V. E., and A. M. Shestopalov. "Functional sulfur-containing compounds." Russian Chemical Bulletin 57, no. 10 (October 2008): 2139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-008-0290-6.

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Takahashi, Hideyuki, Eiichiro Matsubara, Rodion Vladimirovich Belosludov, Seijiro Matsubara, Nobuaki Sato, Atsushi Muramatsu, Yoshiyuki Kawazoe, and Kazuyuki Tohji. "Fullerene and Sulfur Compounds." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 43, no. 7 (2002): 1530–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.43.1530.

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TOKUNO, KENJI, YUKARI ASAO, FUMIHISA MIYOSHI, YUKIE SAWADA, and TSUTOMU OHASHI. "Organic Sulfur Compounds. XII." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 106, no. 3 (1986): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.106.3_187.

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TOKUNO, KENJI, YUKARI ASAO, FUMIHISA MIYOSHI, YUKIE SAWADA, and TSUTOMU OHASHI. "Organic Sulfur Compounds. XIII." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 106, no. 3 (1986): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.106.3_193.

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Harborne, Jeffrey B. "Sulfur compounds in foods." Phytochemistry 39, no. 4 (July 1995): 954–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)90335-6.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sulfur compounds"

1

Ohshiro, Takashi. "MICROBIAL SULFUR METABOLISM OF HETEROCYCLIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS." Kyoto University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/78073.

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Ghosh, Supriyo. "Production of Volatile Sulfur Compounds from Inorganic Sulfur by Lactococci." DigitalCommons@USU, 2003. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5493.

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Production of volatile sulfur compounds in cheese is associated with desirable flavors. The direct source of these compounds has been assumed to arise from the metabolism of methionine and cysteine. However, the methionine concentration in cheese rises above the amount found in casein during aging, suggesting that alternative sulfur sources are present in milk. This led us to hypothesize that lactococci may acquire sulfur from the inorganic sulfur pool of milk, in addition to methionine and cysteine, to generate volatile sulfur compounds during cheese ripening. A turbidimetric method to determine total sulfate content in milk samples was developed. The average sulfate content of milk was determined to be ~49 mg/L ± 2.0 mg/L. The limit of detection of the test was ~2.5 mg/L in Tris buffer and ~10 mg/L in milk. Skim milk samples had significantly higher total sulfate content as compared to whole milk samples. Transport of sulfate by three strains of Lactococcus sp. was studied after we determined that milk had small, but measurable amounts of inorganic sulfate. A decrease in the environmental pH increased sulfate transport. The maximum transport occurred during exponential cellular growth phase. All strains tested had the ability to transport much more sulfate than is native in milk. The last phase of study was to determine the metabolic fate of sulfate. Incorporation of radio-labeled sulfate into cellular protein was studied by two-dimensional gel-electrophoresis of crude cellular lysate followed by auto-radiography. Production of volatile sulfur compounds from inorganic sulfur was determined with analysis of the head space gas with gas chromatography and scintillation counting. The incorporation of radio-labeled sulfur from sulfate was not detected in proteins on two-dimensional gels. Detectable volatile sulfur compounds were found only in the case of gas chromatographic analysis of ML3 head space. However, radio-labeled volatile sulfur was detected in the head space of all the three strains with scintillation counting. This study defined that lactococci can fix inorganic sulfur into volatile sulfur compounds in small amounts.

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Matuska, Vit. "Five-membered sulfur-nitrogen ring compounds." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/828.

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Padden, Amena Nicole. "Microbial degradation of organic sulfur compounds." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264989.

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Persson, Sten. "Volatile sulfur compounds in periodontal pockets." Umeå, Sweden : University of Umeå, Dept. of Oral Microbiology, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/35846617.html.

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Mundoma, Claudius. "Sulfur chemistry st[r]ucture and reactivity of substituted thioreas and aminothiols of physiological importance /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1067.

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Walfort, Bernhard. "Novel dianionic sulfur ylides and related compounds." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96422187X.

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Kim, Kyoung Mahn. "Novel radical reactions involving sulfur-containing compounds." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342258.

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Wu, Kanning. "NMR Analysis of Sulfur Compounds in Petroleum." TopSCHOLAR®, 1992. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3004.

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The speciation and quantification of organic sulfur forms in fossil fuel is an area of research. This thesis describes an NMR method which offers potential for identifying and possibly quantifying both nonvolatile and volatile sulfur forms in fossil fuels. The method is based on the methylation of sulfur compounds to form methyl sulfonium salts: RSR + Ch3I --> (R2S+-Ch3)I~ We propose to apply this chemistry to the analysis of sulfur functions in fossil fuels. The sulfur functions are methylated using 13C-enriched methyl iodide. The products are then analyzed by 13C NMR spectroscopy to establish the chemical shifts of the added methyl carbons. The chemical shifts are then correlated against those of known sulfonium salts.

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Rodriguez, Francisco. "Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Studies of Sulfur Containing Compounds." TopSCHOLAR®, 1998. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/317.

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Up to this point in time, complex mixtures of tertiary sulfonium ions have been separated or analyzed employing conventional methods like HPLC or NMR procedures. In this thesis the researcher presents a new approach, the use of Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE) for the analysis of these types of ions as well as the closely related thiophenium ions. CZE offers an unprecedented advantage in that separations can be employed for speciation or quantitation of complex mixtures by using the appropriate standards or specific detectors. For the study, model sulfonium and thiophenium ions were used to determine the feasibility of the separation and to optimize conditions. Once conditions were established, a complex mixture of these ions isolated from a petroleum sample was analyzed. Furthermore, the chiral separation of sulfonium and thiophenium ions was explored using CZE. Again, it is for first time that CZE is used for the chiral analysis of these ions. The separation involves the use of a chiral resolving agent, in this case native or derivatized |3-cyclodextrins, added to the separation buffer. Differentiated interactions of the sulfonium ions with the cyclodextrin affords chiral recognition and thus separation. A final topic of study was the chiral analysis of O-methylated sulfoxides, (alkoxysulfonium ions) employing conditions analogous to those used for the chiral analysis of sulfonium ions.

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Books on the topic "Sulfur compounds"

1

Baumann, Norbert, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Reimund Jotter, and Alfons Kubny. Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds. Edited by Norbert Baumann, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Reimund Jotter, and Alfons Kubny. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06354-5.

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2

1946-, Mussinan Cynthia J., Keelan Mary E. 1965-, American Chemical Society. Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry., and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Sulfur compounds in foods. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1994.

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3

Laptev, I͡U V. Sera i sulʹfidoobrazovanie v gidrometallurgicheskikh prot͡sessakh. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo "Nauka," Sibirskoe otd-nie, 1987.

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4

Steudel, Ralf, ed. Elemental Sulfur and Sulfur-Rich Compounds I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b12115.

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Mussinan, Cynthia J., and Mary E. Keelan, eds. Sulfur Compounds in Foods. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1994-0564.

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Baumann, Norbert, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Reimund Jotter, and Alfons Kubny. S Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds. Edited by Norbert Baumann, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Reimund Jotter, and Alfons Kubny. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06351-4.

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Fachmann, Hans-Jürgen, Reimund Jotter, Alfons Kubny, and Joachim Wagner. S Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds. Edited by Norbert Baumann, Gerhard Czack, Brigitte Heibel, Peter Merlet, Joachim Wagner, and Alfons Kubny. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06357-6.

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Baumann, Norbert, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Brigitte Heibel, Susanne Jäger, and Alfons Kubny. S Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds. Edited by Norbert Baumann, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Brigitte Heibel, Hannelore Keller-Rudek, Alfons Kubny, and Peter Kuhn. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06360-6.

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9

Steve, Mitchell, ed. Biological interactions of sulfur compounds. London, UK: Taylor & Francis, 1996.

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10

Qian, Michael C., Xuetong Fan, and Kanjana Mahattanatawee, eds. Volatile Sulfur Compounds in Food. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2011-1068.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sulfur compounds"

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Stephen, Frank, and M. Rony Francois. "Sulfur Compounds." In Hamilton & Hardy's Industrial Toxicology, 391–400. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118834015.ch52.

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Zoecklein, Bruce W., Kenneth C. Fugelsang, Barry H. Gump, and Fred S. Nury. "Sulfur-Containing Compounds." In Wine Analysis and Production, 168–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6967-8_9.

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Zoecklein, Bruce W., Kenneth C. Fugelsang, Barry H. Gump, and Fred S. Nury. "Sulfur-Containing Compounds." In Wine Analysis and Production, 168–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6978-4_9.

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Weidlein, Johann. "Organoindium-Sulfur Compounds." In In Organoindium Compounds, 239–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09144-9_5.

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Towl, A. D. C. "With Sulfur Compounds." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 182–83. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145159.ch120.

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Towl, A. D. C. "With Sulfur Compounds." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 200–201. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145159.ch137.

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Towl, A. D. C. "Involving Sulfur Compounds." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 212–13. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145159.ch147.

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Towl, A. D. C. "With Sulfur Compounds." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 221–22. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145159.ch154.

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Towl, A. D. C. "With Sulfur Compounds." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 227–28. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145159.ch157.

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Towl, A. D. C. "With Sulfur Compounds." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 143–45. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145159.ch83.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sulfur compounds"

1

Lichtenberg, H., A. Prange, H. Modrow, and J. Hormes. "Characterization of Sulfur Compounds in Coffee Beans by Sulfur K-XANES Spectroscopy." In X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE - XAFS13: 13th International Conference. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2644676.

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Amrani, A., W. Said-Ahmad, N. Luu, T. Jaksier, C. Turich, and A. Stankiewicz. "Sulfur Isotope Analysis of Organic Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas Samples and Pyrolysis Experiments." In First EAGE/IFPEN Conference on Sulfur Risk Management in Exploration and Production. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201802755.

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Kim, Jong-Nam, Chang Hyun Ko, Sang Sup Han, Hee Tae Beum, Jihye Park, and Sam Mok Lim. "Removal of Sulfur-Oxidated Compounds in Oxidative Desulfurization Process." In 14th Asia Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering Congress. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-1445-1_500.

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Tamm, K., R. Kuusik, M. Uibu, and J. Kallas. "Transformations of sulfur compounds in oil shale ash suspension." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm120031.

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Pogorilyy, V., E. Evdokimova, M. Khovrenkov, A. Mironov, and M. Grin. "SULFUR AND SELENIUM CONTAINING COMPOUNDS OF CHLOROPHYLL A DERIVATIVE." In MedChem-Russia 2021. 5-я Российская конференция по медицинской химии с международным участием «МедХим-Россия 2021». Издательство Волгоградского государственного медицинского университета, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/medchemrussia2021-2021-308.

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Yasar, Murat, Rama K. Ede, and A. Kaan Kalkan. "Trace Level Sulfur Sensor for Fuel Cells." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2011-54155.

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The primary objective of this work is to develop a trace level sulfur sensor for high sensitivity detection of impurities before they reach hydrogen fuel cell membranes. A novel sensing mechanism, “hybrid plasmon damping”, was explored to detect and quantify the sulfur traces in hydrogen fuels using the spectral shifts that is generated by the interaction of silver nanoparticles and sulfur compounds. We have investigated the sensor technology for detection of sulfur compounds to the part per billion (ppb) trace levels that are typically present in hydrogen fuels, and demonstrated this unique sensing mechanism through bench top experimental set ups and analysis methods.

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Meshoulam, A., W. Said-Ahmad, C. Turich, N. Luu, T. Jacksier, A. Stankiewicz, A. Shurki, and A. Amrani. "Mechanism and Kinetics of Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds Formation and their Sulphur Isotopes Imprint." In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902842.

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Olsen, L., L. Jaycox, and C. Neumeister. "71. Development of Analytical Methods for Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds and Sulfur Compounds in Asphalt Fume." In AIHce 1996 - Health Care Industries Papers. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765184.

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Driver, Richard D., and Israel M. Stein. "Online diode-array UV spectroscopy of sulfur and nitrogen compounds." In Photonics East '99, edited by Robert J. Nordstrom and Wim A. de Groot. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.372936.

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Spataru, Petru, Alexandru Visnevschi, and Igor Povar. "Flotation procedures with participation of nitrogen- and sulfur- containing compounds." In Ecological chemistry ensures a healthy environment. Institute of Chemistry, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/enece.2022.ab20.

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Reports on the topic "Sulfur compounds"

1

Klubek, B. Microbial removal of organic sulfur from coal (bacterial degradation of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7019091.

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Purdy, R. F., B. Ward, and J. E. Lepo. Microbial extraction of sulfur from model coal organosulfur compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10175584.

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B.E. Anderson, U. Becker, K.B. Helean, and R.C. Ewing. Perrhenate and Pertechnetate Behavior on Iron and Sulfur-Bearing Compounds. US: Yucca Mountain Project, Las Vegas, Nevada, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/894740.

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Depuy, Charles H., and Veronica M. Bierbaum. Gas Phase Ion-Molecule Chemistry of Phosphorus and Sulfur Compounds. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada192125.

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Dunkerton, L., C. Hinckley, J. Tyrrell, and P. Robinson. Interactions of sulfur-containing compounds with transition metal clusters and metal surfaces III. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7019171.

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Klubek, B., and D. Clark. Microbial removal of organic sulfur from coal (bacterial degradation of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds): Final report, March 1--December 31, 1987. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6462019.

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Klubek, Brian. Microbial removal of organic sulfur from coal (bacterial degradation of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds): Final report, January 1--December 31, 1988. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6177644.

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Pack, David. PR-616-17607-R01 Sulfur Condensation in Pressure Reduction Equipment. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011615.

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In natural gas transmission pipelines systems, there is a growing awareness of contamination due to the presence of sulfur vapor in the gas stream at sub ppm levels. Particularly at pressure reduction facilities, the sulfur vapor can desublimate out as solid elemental sulfur and then combine with other particle matter and trace liquids in the gas stream to form the observed contamination deposits. In order to better control the formation of the elemental sulfur, an improved understanding of the contribution that the design of pressure regulators make to this desublimation process is required. This research program has come to the challenge of this requirement. In the conducted program, two pressure regulators were tested at a common facility that was known to have an elemental sulfur deposition problem. Each pressure regulator was alternatively placed in service so as each was subjected to, as near as possible, identical operating conditions. A requirement for the selection of the two pressure regulators was that they had to have different internal design features. The quality of the natural gas supply was regularly sampled and analyzed, with the contamination deposits on the pressure regulator internals sampled and analyzed at the termination of the test period. These deposits were analyzed for both hydrocarbon and other liquid deposits as well as a range of metal and semi-metal compounds captured in the deposits.

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Steele, W. V., D. G. Archer, R. D. Chirico, and M. M. Strube. Comparison of thermodynamics of nitrogen and sulfur removal in heavy oil upgrading: Part 1, Acyclic and monocyclic compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6020826.

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Liseroudi, M. H., O. H. Ardakani, P. K. Pedersen, R. A. Stern, J M Wood, and H. Sanei. Diagenetic and geochemical controls on H2S distribution in the Montney Formation, Peace River region, western Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329785.

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The Lower Triassic Montney Formation is a major siltstone dominated unconventional tight gas play in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). In the Peace River region, the Montney Formation contains a regionally variable amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in gas-producing wells with western Alberta's wells having the highest concentrations. Previous studies on the source and distribution of H2S in the Montney Formation mainly focused on variations of H2S concentration and its relationship with other hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases, sulfur isotope composition of H2S, as well as organo-sulfur compounds in the Montney Formation natural gas. None of those studies, however, focused on the role of diagenetic and geochemical processes in the formation of dissolved sulfate, one of the two major ingredients of H2S formation mechanisms, and pyrite within the Montney Formation. According to the results of this study, the Montney Formation consists of two different early and late generations of sulfate minerals (anhydrite and barite), mainly formed by the Montney Formation pore water and incursion of structurally-controlled Devonian-sourced hydrothermal sulfate-rich fluids. In addition, pyrite the dominate sulfide mineral, occurred in two distinct forms as framboidal and crystalline that formed during early to late stages of diagenesis in western Alberta (WAB) and northeast British Columbia (NEBC). The concurrence of the late-stage anhydrite and barite and various types of diagenetic pyrite with high H2S concentrations, particularly in WAB, their abundance, and spatial distribution, imply a correlation between the presence of these sulfate and sulfide species and the diagenetic evolution of sulfur in the Montney Formation. The sulfur isotope composition of anhydrite/barite, H2S, and pyrite demonstrates both microbial and thermochemical sulfate reduction (MSR and TSR) controlled the diagenetic sulfur cycle of the Montney Formation. The relationship between the delta-34S values of the present-day produced gas H2S and other sulfur-bearing species from the Montney and other neighboring formations verifies a dual native and migrated TSR-derived origin for the H2S gas with substantial contributions of in situ H2S in the Montney reservoir.

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