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Academic literature on the topic 'Sulfa drugs'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sulfa drugs"

1

Jones, Susan. "How sulfa drugs work." Nature Biotechnology 30, no. 4 (April 2012): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2188.

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2

al-Rashida, Mariya, Sajad Hussain, Mehwish Hamayoun, Aisha Altaf, and Jamshed Iqbal. "Sulfa Drugs as Inhibitors of Carbonic Anhydrase: New Targets for the Old Drugs." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/162928.

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Sulfa drugs are well-known antibacterial agents containing N-substituted sulfonamide group on para position of aniline ring (NH2RSO2NHR′). In this study 2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine derivatives of sulfa drugs, sulfamerazine (1b), sulfaquinoxaline (2b), sulfadiazine (3b), sulfadimidine (4b), and sulfachloropyrazine (5b) (1a–5a) were synthesized and characterized. Their carbonic anhydrase inhibition activity was evaluated against bovine cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isozyme II (bCA II). For the sake of comparison the CA inhibition activity of the parent sulfa drugs (1b–5b) was also evaluated. A significant increase in CA inhibition activity of sulfa drugs was observed upon substitution with 2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine moiety. Molecular docking studies were carried out to highlight binding site interactions. ADME properties were calculated to evaluate drug likeness of the compounds.
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Jayachandran, Seema, Adriana Lleras-Muney, and Kimberly V. Smith. "Modern Medicine and the Twentieth Century Decline in Mortality: Evidence on the Impact of Sulfa Drugs." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2010): 118–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.2.2.118.

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This paper studies the contribution of sulfa drugs, a groundbreaking medical innovation in the 1930s, to declines in US mortality. For several infectious diseases, sulfa drugs represented the first effective treatment. Using time-series and difference-in-differences methods, we find that sulfa drugs led to a 24 to 36 percent decline in maternal mortality, 17 to 32 percent decline in pneumonia mortality, and 52 to 65 percent decline in scarlet fever mortality between 1937 and 1943. Altogether, sulfa drugs reduced mortality by 2 to 3 percent and increased life expectancy by 0.4 to 0.7 years. We also find that sulfa drugs benefited whites more than blacks. (JEL I12, L65, N32, N72)
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Laub, George R. "Discovery of the Sulfa Drugs." Southern Medical Journal 79, no. 6 (June 1986): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-198606000-00040.

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Patel, Onisha G., Eddy K. Mberu, Alexis M. Nzila, and Ian G. Macreadie. "Sulfa drugs strike more than once." Trends in Parasitology 20, no. 1 (January 2004): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2003.10.009.

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6

Ellaithy, M. M., S. Z. El-Khateeb, and M. F. El-Tarras. "Colorimetric microdetermination of some sulfa drugs." Microchemical Journal 33, no. 2 (April 1986): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-265x(86)90050-0.

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7

Caira, Mino R. "Sulfa Drugs as Model Cocrystal Formers." Molecular Pharmaceutics 4, no. 3 (May 4, 2007): 310–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mp070003j.

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8

Boreen, Anne L., William A. Arnold, and Kristopher McNeill. "Photochemical Fate of Sulfa Drugs in the Aquatic Environment: Sulfa Drugs Containing Five-Membered Heterocyclic Groups." Environmental Science & Technology 38, no. 14 (July 2004): 3933–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0353053.

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9

Iliades, Peter, Steven R. Meshnick, and Ian G. Macreadie. "Mutations in the Pneumocystis jirovecii DHPS Gene Confer Cross-Resistance to Sulfa Drugs." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 49, no. 2 (February 2005): 741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.49.2.741-748.2005.

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ABSTRACT Pneumocystis jirovecii is a major opportunistic pathogen that causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and results in a high degree of mortality in immunocompromised individuals. The drug of choice for PCP is typically sulfamethoxazole (SMX) or dapsone in conjunction with trimethoprim. Drug treatment failure and sulfa drug resistance have been implicated epidemiologically with point mutations in dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) of P. jirovecii. P. jirovecii cannot be cultured in vitro; however, heterologous complementation of the P. jirovecii trifunctional folic acid synthesis (PjFAS) genes with an E. coli DHPS-disrupted strain was recently achieved. This enabled the evaluation of SMX resistance conferred by DHPS mutations. In this study, we sought to determine whether DHPS mutations conferred sulfa drug cross-resistance to 15 commonly available sulfa drugs. It was established that the presence of amino acid substitutions (T517A or P519S) in the DHPS domain of PjFAS led to cross-resistance against most sulfa drugs evaluated. The presence of both mutations led to increased sulfa drug resistance, suggesting cooperativity and the incremental evolution of sulfa drug resistance. Two sulfa drugs (sulfachloropyridazine [SCP] and sulfamethoxypyridazine [SMP]) that had a higher inhibitory potential than SMX were identified. In addition, SCP, SMP, and sulfadiazine (SDZ) were found to be capable of inhibiting the clinically observed drug-resistant mutants. We propose that SCP, SMP, and SDZ should be considered for clinical evaluation against PCP or for future development of novel sulfa drug compounds.
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Haller, J. S. "The First Miracle Drugs: How the Sulfa Drugs Transformed Medicine." Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 63, no. 1 (August 5, 2007): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrm035.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sulfa drugs"

1

Portieri, Alessia. "Solid state NMR of sulfa-drugs." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3781/.

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This work has been a study of systems, mostly of sulfa-drugs, showing polymorphic behaviour. Using different means as solid state NMR, X-ray analysis, and theoretical calculations, we have seen how it is possible to understand results obtained from the different techniques, proving how the study of polymorphic systems needs cooperative advice from the different techniques that are able to detect polymorphic differences. Within the sulfa-drugs I have been mostly concentrating on sulfanilamide, studying (^13)C and (^15)N solid state NMR spectra of the different polymorphs. The NMR parameters that have been most interesting to study, have been the relaxation times that have revealed complicated motion of the molecule despite it being a small molecule. In order to obtain detailed information from (^15)N spectra it has been necessary to enrich the samples and this has enabled a study of the shielding tensors of the nitrogens in the molecule. (^13)C spectra were also recorded of systems studied sulfathiazole solvates that proved to show some of the same solid state effects in the NMR spectra as sulfanilamide. Shielding calculations have proved to be still limited in order to obtain reliable information on the shielding of both and (^13)C (^15)N nuclei but considering hydrogen-bonded molecules, as opposed to isolated molecules, seemed to have improved the calculations quite a lot, so that some idea of intermolecular effects could be deducted. Exact positions of the hydrogen has proved to be essential as well in order to improve the calculations. Finally a case study for the REDOR pulse sequence has been carried out. Different attempts to understand the effects influencing this particular experiment have been carried out on 20% and 99% doubly enriched glycine, as well as on a particular sample, doubly enriched BRL55834, but the internuclear distances measured with this technique still displayed some uncertainties that made results not thoroughly reliable.
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Hossain, G. M. Golzar. "Syntheses and structural studies of metal complexes of sulfa drugs." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2005. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56117/.

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This thesis presents the results of the synthesis of metal complexes of sulfa drugs (sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole and sulfadimethoxine) with secondary ligands, which were subjected to X-ray crystallographic studies. The aim of this work was to synthesise metal complexes of sulfa drugs with secondary nitrogen donor ligands e.g. ammonia, pyridine (py), ethylenediamine (en), diethylenetriamine (dien), 2,2'- bipyridine, 1,10-phenanthroline, 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, A(3-aminopropyl)-bis- (ethylenediamine) (apen) and oxygen donor ligands such as, water and dimethylformamide (DMF) and to investigate the different modes of coordination of the sulfa drugs molecules to the metal ions in the presence of nitrogen/oxygen donor ligands. Chapter 1, details an introduction into the fundamental concepts, procedures and equipment involved in data collection, solution and refinement of single crystal structures. In Chapter 2, a review of the literature on the metal complexes of sulfa drugs along with the main aims of this work is presented. In Chapter 3, the general experimental procedure and synthetic methods have been described for the metal complexes of sulfa drugs whose results and discussion are described in chapter 4. In chapter 4, the crystal structure of sulfadiazine, a new polymorph of sulfamerazine and the syntheses of the metal complexes of sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine and sulfamethazine, their analytical and spectral data along with the X-ray structure determination of the complexes are presented. The complexes studied in this chapter are: A) Cobalt complex { Co(smz)2(H20) .DMF} (3) B) Nickel complexes Ni(en)3(sdz)2 .H20 (4) and Ni(smr)2(py)2 .4py (5) C) copper complexes Cu(en)2(sdz)2 (6), Cu(dien)2(sdz)2 (7), Cu(en)2(H20)2 smr)2 (8), Cu(en)2(H20)2 smr)2 .H20 (9), Cu2(smr)4 .2DMF (10), Cu2(smr)4 .2DMSO (11), Cu(smz)2(apen) .3H2O.CH3OH (12) and { Cu(smz)2.NH3 .2H20}w (13) D) Zinc complexes Zn(smz)2(NH3)2 (14) and Zn(smz)2(py)2 .2py (15), E) Cadmium complexes Cd(dien)2(sdz)2 .DMF (16), Cd(dien)(smr)2 .H20 (17), Cd(sdz)2(bpy) (18), Cd(sdz)2(phen) (19), Cd(sdz)2(dmbpy) .2DMF (20), Cd(smr)2(phen) (21), { Cd(smz)2(H20) .DMF}/I (22), { Cd(smz)2(H20) .2H20} (23) and Cd(smz)2(en) .2DMF (24) and F) Mercury complexes Hg(sdz)2(DMF)2 (25), Hg(smr)2 (26) Hg(smr)2(bpy) (27) and Hg(smz)2(DMF)2 (28). The structural results for the complexes are discussed and compared with other related complexes. In this context, the different types of coordination geometries, important parameters within the coordination sphere, the various modes of coordination of the sulfa drugs in the anionic form, dimeric polymeric complexes, the role of hydrogen bonds in the formation of the "cation-anion pair" and the packing diagram have been discussed. In Chapter 5, we have described the syntheses and characterisation of the complexes of sulfathiazole, their analytical and spectral data along with the X-ray structure determination of these complexes are presented. The complexes studied are: (H2stz)2 N03 .H20 (29), CoCl4 (H2stz)2 .CH3COOH (30) and Cu(en)2(H20)2 stz)2 .2H20 (31). In all the complexes the sulfathiazole molecules act as ionic species. The structural results for the complexes are discussed and compared with other related complexes. In this context, the role of hydrogen bonds in the formation of the "cation-anion pair" and the packing diagram has been discussed. Chapter 6 describes the structure of sulfadimethoxine and synthesis and characterisation of a zinc complex of sulfadimethoxine Zn(sdm)2(NH3)2 .2H20 (33) by analytical and spectral data along with the X-ray structure determination. The structural results of the complex are discussed and compared with other related complexes. The packing diagram of the complex with the hydrogen bonds is discussed in this chapter.
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Elbakush, Rasha Elmheidi. "A crystal engineering study of selected sulfa drugs and trimethoprim." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4651.

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Magister Pharmaceuticae - MPharm
The objective was to prepare new solid phases, i.e. co-crystal forms, of two sulfa antibiotic drugs (sulfamethoxazole and sulfasalazine) with trimethoprim and fourteen potential co-formers with GRAS status. Trimethoprim was chosen for its synergistic effects with both sulfa drugs and the other co-formers were selected in an attempt to improve the physicochemical properties of the antibiotics. A variety of co-crystallization techniques, including solvent assisted grinding, slow evaporation, slurry method and solidification of the melt were used to obtain these results. From these methods, three new solid phases were successfully isolated for the sulfamethoxazole antibiotic, viz. sulfamethoxazole-benzoic anhydride (SMZ-BAN) co-crystal by the slurry method, amorphous sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) form by solidification of the melt and amorphous sulfamethoxazole-oxalic acid (SMZ-OA) by slow evaporation. For the sulfasalazine antibiotic, co-crystallization experimentation produced, sulfasalazine-trimethoprim salt (SSZ-TMPs) by slow evaporation, sulfasalazine-trimethoprim co-crystal (SSZ-TMP) by solvent assisted grinding and sulfasalazine-nicotinamide co-crystal (SSZ-NC) by solidification of the melt. Of these six compounds subjected to single crystal X-ray analysis, only one of their structures was elucidated i.e. the salt, SSZ-TMPs. Different techniques that were used to assess the thermal behaviour of the products included hot stage microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. FTIR provided information on the purity of the compounds and the suggested host-guest interaction sites. X-ray powder diffraction supported the determination of the new phase comparative to the parent compounds. Finally dissolution testing was carried out for successful candidates with encouraging recommendations for future work.
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Hayton, Karen. "The genetics of resistance to antifolate and sulfa drugs in malaria parasites." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14032.

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Drug resistance is one of the major obstacles facing malaria control. Resistance to the combination sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (S/P) (Fansidar) is now widespread, although the mechanism by which this arises is still not fully understood. Therefore, the molecular basis of S/P resistance was studied in the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium chadaubi. S/P resistant mutants were selected from a clone already resistant to the pyrimethamine, AS (PYR), caused by the presence of an asparagine at position 106 in its dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Two S/P resistant clones, AS (50S/P) and AS (75S/P), were selected and chosen for further analysis. AS (PYR) parasites were eliminated by S/P treatment, whereas AS (50S/P) and AS (75S/P) recrudesced following S/P pressure. However, each mutant possessed a different drug resistant phenotype. The AS (75S/P) clone always recrudesced before the AS (50S/P) clone following treatment with S/P, while AS (50S/P) always appeared before AS (75S/P) when treated with either sulfadoxine or pyrimethamine alone. Mutations in the genes encoding the targets of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine, dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) and DHFR, have been implicated in the mechanism of S/P resistance in P. falciparum. The P. chabaudi dhps gene was cloned by homology and sequenced. The sequence analysis of the both dhfr and dhps genes of AS (75S/P) and AS(50S/P) did not reveal any polymorphisms when compared to the sequences of the AS (PYR) genes. The mechanism of resistance of S/P in these drug-selected lines is not therefore conferred by additional mutations in these genes. To determine the genetic basis of the S/P resistance, AS (50S/P) was crossed with a drug sensitive clone, AJ. Sixteen independent recombinant progeny clones were phenotyped for their susceptibility to S/P and pyrimethamine and genotyped for the influence of 30 chromosome-specific markers. Linkage analysis shows that mutant dhfr is a major determinant of S/P resistance in P. chabaudi. Quantitative trait analysis suggested that other loci, which may be involved in S/P resistance, are present on chromosomes 4, 5, and 9.
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Chen, Yun-Chun, and 陳筠鈞. "HLA association in sulfa drugs-, cephalosporin-related hypersensitivity reactions." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3r4bw8.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
藥理學研究所
102
Adverse drug reaction is an important issue in the hospital. Some adverse drug reaction, including angioedema, lead patients to feel uncomfortable, and some even cause patients to die. The life-threatening adverse drug reaction includes toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The mortality rate is about 10-15%. Recent report suggests that HLA alleles are associated with severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction. However, it’s unclear that whether antibiotics, including sulfa drug, cephalosporin, and vancomycin, are related to HLA. We enrolled patients with sulfa drugs-, cephalosporin-, or vancomycin-induced type I /IV hypersensitivity to analyze the association with HLA alleles. The results indicated that HLA-DRB1*gene 3 is associated with sulfa drug-induced type I hypersensitivity (Pc=0.016). HLA-B*genewas related to sulfa drug-induced type IV hypersensitivity (Pc=0.001) and HLA-B*gene 2 was associated with Baktar-induced MPE/DRESS (Pc=0.006). On the other hand, cephalosporin-induced type I hypersensitivity showed no association with HLA, but there was significant different between cephalosporin-induced type IV hypersensitivity and HLA-B*gene(Pc=0.002). We further examined the metabolic gene polymorphism, but did not found significant difference between sulfa drugs-induced type IV hypersensitivity and NAT2-rs1799931 (P=0.432), CYP2C9*3 (P=0.406), and CYP2C19-rs3758581 (P=0.282). We also found that 37.5%(6/16) of sulfamethoxazole-induced type IV hypersensitivity patients showed higher plasma concentration of sulfamethoxazole than healthy controls. The results indicated that sulfa drug-, or cephalosporin-induced type IV hypersensitivity is associated with specific HLA alleles.
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Yao, Yu Chun, and 姚幼莙. "Analysis of sulfa drugs residues in Taipei processed eggs by UPLC-MS/MS." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13278648550270787035.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
食品科學系
97
By feeding animals with antibiotics, the poultries can be raised with good health. However, if the industry used high-dose of antibiotics for the treatment of disease and did not comply with any governmental regulations of meat and egg, drug residues would be occurred in food. In this study, five different kinds of processed eggs obtained in the markets were used to analyze the sulfa drugs residues. After the processed egg homogenizing, different organic solvents were used to study the extraction efficiency. The extracts were partially purified by solid-phase extraction. The ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry UPLC/MS/MS was used to study five different sulfa drugs in this studies, and the fragments SDZ 251.04>156.0, 251.04>92.1；SMT 279.16>124.0, 279.16>92.0；SMM 281.10>156.0, 281.10>92.0；SQX 301.10>155.9, 301.10>92.0及SDM 311.11>156.0, 311.11>92.0 were used to mass analysis.The results shown the linear range of 1 ppb ~ 100 ppb could be achieved, correlation coefficient of SDZ, R2 = 0.9985; SMT, R2 = 0.9993;SMM, R2 = 0.9999; SQX, R2 = 0.9983; SDM, R2 = 0.9998. Method detection limit (MDL) SDZ: 1.95 ppb; SMT: 1.34 ppb; SMM: 1.83 ppb; SQX: 2.04 ppb; SDM: 1.85 ppb.
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Zhuang, Yu-De, and 莊鈺德. "Environment-sensitive Fluorescent Probes for The Selective Detection of Proteins and Sulfa Drugs." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17997464546993851799.

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碩士
國立清華大學
化學系
101
Protein, metabolite and drug molecule detection is important in medical diagnosis as well as in biology to investigate cellular processes. Fluorescent probes which can detect specific proteins and small molecules are particularly valuable as they allow for sensitive, simple and specific detection with high signal-to-background ratios. In this thesis, we introduce two new general approaches to generate fluorescent sensor for the selective detection of proteins and small molecules, respectively. Currently most of the small molecule fluorescent turn-on probes are designed for monitoring enzyme activities, e.g., glycosidases, proteases, lactamases and kinases. Typically, their fluorescence turn-on mechanism is based on the enzymatic reaction with the chemical probes to convert the non-fluorescence substrate into the fluorescence product. On the other hand, the design of fluorescence probes for non-enzymatic proteins remains a challenging task. In the first part of the thesis, we introduce a new type of fluorescent turn-on probes, where a small molecule ligand is conjugated to an environment-sensitive SBD fluorophore, for the selective detection of both enzymes and non-enzymatic proteins. The fluorescent turn-on mechanism is based on the binding of the ligand to a hydrophobic ligand binding domain of the target protein whereby the close proximity to the hydrophobic environment can influence the environment-sensitive fluorophore to exhibit stronger fluorescence. Our new fluorescent probe design is modular and versatile as illustrated by the three fluorescent probes synthesized based on this design for the specific detection of hCAII, trypsin and avidin with fluorescent turn-on ratios of up to 17-fold. In the second part of the thesis, we describe a novel semisynthetic fluorescent sensor for the selective detection of sulfa drugs. The semisynthetic sensor is to mimic open and closed conformation of the periplasmic binding protein upon substrate binding. Covalent labeling of the synthetic sulfonamide inhibitor and environment-sensitive SBD-dye conjugate to the HCAII enzyme was achieved by introducing a self-labeling protein SNAP-tag to HCAII to facilitate quantitative and site-specific labeling via benzylguanine (BG) moiety. We have successfully demonstrated that addition of synthetic molecule to the sensor protein SNAP_HCAII can achieve a fluorescence intensity increase of more than 10-fold. Subsequent addition of sulfonamide drugs to the semisynthetic fluorescent sensor reverses the SBD-dye to its initial non-fluorescent state. This semisynthetic fluorescent sensor has been applied in the detection of several sulfonamide drugs, such as ethoxzolamide and acetazolamide. The two fluorescent sensors described in this thesis provide a general approach for the selective detection of proteins, metabolites and drug molecules. We believe that these novel fluorescent probe designs will be a very useful approach for a wide range of applications, such as diagnosis and molecular imaging where high fluorescent signal change and simple detection methods are required.
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TSAI, HUAI-KANG, and 蔡懷慷. "Electrochemical Reaction and Analytical Application of Sulfa Drugs in the Presence of Catechol." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bte55a.

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碩士
國立暨南國際大學
應用化學系
106
The sulfonamide detection method mainly includes mass spectrometry and chromatography. In electrochemical detection, molecular imprinting technology and activated carbon materials are also used. However, mass spectrometry and chromatography are expensive, and the previous electrochemical methods also have a drawback that the current signal is not obvious and the electrode modification is complicated. In this study, carboxylic acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes were first modified on a screen-printed carbon electrode, followed by electrochemical treatment, and then an activated carbon nanotubes modified electrode (SPCE/MWCNTRD) was successfully prepared. When using cyclic voltammetry to examine sulfanilamide in the presences of the potential range of -0.2V to +0.8V in an acidic environment, catechol will be oxidized on the surface of the electrode to promote the formation of quinone-amine polymers, and a new redox pair can be observed at +0.13V, which can be was use for quantification of the sulfonamide by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Two linear ranges of 0.5-10 μM and 10-50 μM were obtained. The lowest detection limit of this method was 19.2 nM. In this study, we use a simple modification method to effectively determine sulfanilamide.
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kung, Te-an, and 龔得安. "Development of analytical methodologies for sulfa drugs and pharmacokinetics studies of sulfamonomethoxine in tilapia." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gkd628.

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博士
國立中山大學
海洋生物科技暨資源學系研究所
104
A rapid and efficient multiresidue method that involves using improved QuEChERS method and LC–ESI–MS/MS was developed to measure trace levels of sulfonamides in fish tissues. This proposed method was proven to be a powerful, highly sensitive, and environmentally friendly analytical tool that requires minimal sample preparation. The typical MS/MS fragmentation patterns of the [M+H]+ were 156 m/z, 108 m/z, and 92 m/z. Separation was performed on HC-C18 columns with a gradient elution by using methanol and 5 mM ammonium acetate aqueous solution (adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid). This method was validated and exhibited favorable performance as well as acceptable accuracy (80.2–93.5%), precision (3.82–8.71%), sensitivity (limits of detection (LODs) 0.43–1.22 μg kg-1 and limits of quantification (LOQs) 1.27–3.71 μg kg-1), and an acceptable matrix effect (-18.2–18.4%). This methodology has been successfully applied in analyzing various fish tissue from local markets. The pharmacokinetics of sulfamonomethoxine (SMM) were estimated after single oral administration (100 mg/kg body weight) to the tilapia at 25.0 °C and drug concentration–time profiles for blood and tissues were described by the non–compartmental model. In the pharmacokinetics studies, the results indicated high levels of SMM appeared usually in the well perfused tissues, such as liver and bile, whereas low levels of SMM were generally found in the poorly perfused tissues, such as muscle. Acetylation of SMM in tilapia following oral administration was 45% and N4-acetyl sulfamonomethoxine (AC-SMM) was the major acetylated metabolite observed. T1/2 of AC-SMM (46.2 h) was longer than of SMM (21.7 h) in blood. Redistribution occurred in blood SMM from 96 h to 120 h and in blood AC-SMM from 48 h to 72 h. With regard to the drug excretion pathway, it was concluded that SMM and AC-SMM were excreted mainly by the biliary in the tilapia. Moreover, bile excretion may result in enterohepatic cycling and to some extent retard drug elimination. In the PK–PD modeling of SMM study, the Cmax (9.6 mg kg-1) was above MIC value of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. Salmonicida (3.12 mg kg-1), Vibrio anguillarum (3.12 mg kg -1) and Vibrio harveyi (6.25 mg kg -1). These results illustrated that SMM can inhibit the growth of certain aquatic bacterial pathogens.
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CHEN, YU-MIN, and 陳玉敏. "High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of sulfa drugs and tetracycline antibiotics in feeds and animal tissues." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29339850374599485237.

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Books on the topic "Sulfa drugs"

1

Lesch, John E. The first miracle drugs: How the sulfa drugs transformed medicine. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2005.

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The first miracle drugs: How the sulfa drugs transformed medicine. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.

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Powell, Stephen E. Abstracts on sulfa drugs pertinent to livestock and poultry. Edited by Holstein-Delgass Elizabeth, Purdue University. Cooperative Extension Service., and Purdue University. Dept. of Animal Sciences. West Lafayette, Ind: Purdue University, Cooperative Extension Service [and] Animal Sciences Dept., 1985.

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Corleone, Franco. Lotta alla droga: I danni collaterali : l'impatto sul carcere e sulla giustizia della legge contro gli stupefacenti in Toscana. Firenze: Polistampa, 2010.

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Lotta alla droga: I danni collaterali : l'impatto sul carcere e sulla giustizia della legge contro gli stupefacenti in Toscana. Firenze: Polistampa, 2010.

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Studio sulla contaminazione ambientale delle acque causata dall'escrezione umana dei farmaci. Firenze: Firenze University Press, 2007.

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Santambrogio, Ambrogio. I minorenni e la droga: Una ricerca sulla realtà umbra. Napoli: Edizioni scientifiche italiane, 1994.

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8

Gennaro, Giuseppe Di. La droga: Traffico, abusi, controlli : commento al Testo unico 9 ottobre 1990, n. 309, sulla disciplina degli stupefacenti e sostanze psicotrope : raccolta completa delle disposizioni emanate per l'attuazione della disciplina. 3rd ed. Milano: Giuffrè, 1992.

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Kerouac, Jack. Sulla strada. Oscar Mondadori: Mondadori, 1989.

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Fantoma, Andrea. Normalmente stupefacente: Indagine sulla percezione dell'opinione pubblica in Italia del fenomeno droga. Milano, Italy: FrancoAngeli, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sulfa drugs"

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"Sulfa Drugs (Sulfonamides)." In Experiments in Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 137–42. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16563-21.

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"Fluoroquinolones, Sulfa Drugs, and Antituberculosis Drugs." In Revenge of the Microbes, 83–97. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555817602.ch7.

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Lesch, John E. "Chemistry and Biomedicine in an Industrial Setting: The Invention of the Sulfa Drugs." In Chemical Sciences in the Modern World, edited by Seymour H. Mauskopf. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.9783/9781512804416-008.

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M. Patil, Sachin, and Parag Patel. "Bactericidal and Bacteriostatic Antibiotics." In Infectious Diseases and Sepsis [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99546.

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Of all the medications available to physicians worldwide, antibiotics play an essential role in inpatient and outpatient settings. Discovered in the early nineteenth century by Alexander Fleming, penicillin was the first antibiotic isolated from a mold. Dr. Gerhard Domagk developed synthetic sulfa drugs by altering the red dye used in chemical industries. Since then, multiple antibiotic classes have been discovered with varying antimicrobial effects enabling their use empirically or in specific clinical scenarios. Antibiotics with different mechanisms of action could be either bactericidal or bacteriostatic. However, no clinical significance has been observed between cidal and static antibiotics in multiple trials. Their presence has led to safer deep invasive surgeries, advanced chemotherapy in cancer, and organ transplantation. Indiscriminate usage of antibiotics has resulted in severe hospital-acquired infections, including nosocomial pneumonia, Clostridioides difficile infection, multidrug-resistant invasive bacterial infections, allergic reactions, and other significant side effects. Antibiotic stewardship is an essential process in the modern era to advocate judicial use of antibiotics for an appropriate duration. They play a vital role in medical and surgical intensive care units to address the various complications seen in these patients. Antibiotics are crucial in severe acute infections to improve overall mortality and morbidity.
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"SULFA-METHOXAZOLE." In Litt's Drug Eruption and Reaction Manual, 332–35. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17996-122.

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"SULFA-METHOXAZOLE." In Litt's Drug Eruptions and Reactions Manual, 412–15. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15347-189.

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"Dermatology: Erythema Nodosum After Taking a Sulfa Drug." In AM:STARs: Common Clinical Situations: A Resource for Practical Care and Exam Review, Vol. 28, No. 1, 35–36. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781610020732-18.

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Kinch, Michael. "Why Regulate Medicines?" In Prescription for Change. University of North Carolina Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469630625.003.0002.

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The prehistory of the modern pharmaceutical era is recounted, with emphasis upon the products, including the emergence of snake oil remedies, tapeworm diets and dangerous yet contemporary quack medicines such as Laetrile. As the magnitude of public outrage increased at the turn of the last century, the rise of yellow journalism highlighted spectacles that revealed further abuses and propelled high profile muckrakers to target adulterated products, including an emerging product known as Coca-Cola. As scientific understanding of infection grew, so did the potential for abuse, which culminated in a life-saving and revolutionary pre-antibiotic sulfa drug. However, the adulteratoin of this new breakthrough medicine resulted in the poisoning of more than 100 children in 1938. The disaster arose when a form of the drug was targeted at young by using a sweet elixir, which gained its taste by dissolving the medicine in radiator fluid. The resulting tragedy ushered in the era of the modern Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
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Gilsdorf, Janet R. "Antibiotics." In Continual Raving, 169–82. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190677312.003.0009.

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Many scientists can claim one or possibly two very important discoveries in a lifetime. Hattie Alexander’s notable discoveries number many more than that. Further, they emerged from her astute clinical observations and commitment to her patients as well as her deep understanding of microbiology and immunology and bacterial genetics. She pioneered the first medical therapy for Haemophilus influenzae meningitis but didn’t stop when she learned that her immune serum improved the survival rate to nearly 60% because that wasn’t good enough for her patients. She subsequently learned that treating patients with both immune sera and a sulfa drug further improved the patients’ survival rate. Later, she found that streptomycin was even better, and when a patient failed streptomycin therapy, she figured out the mechanism for the resistance of H. influenzae to that antibiotic. Her work in DNA transformation in H. influenzae helped lay the groundwork for all future studies in bacterial molecular genetics.
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Conference papers on the topic "Sulfa drugs"

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Zhou, Fang, Junwei Zhang, Dafang Fu, and Hanqi Cheng. "Notice of Retraction: Degradation of Sulfa Drugs by Photolysis and Photocatalysis." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5780979.

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Radhi, Ahmed Wheed, Ezzat H. Zimam, and Ali Jabbar Radhi. "Synthesis and study thermal properties of some new maleimide polymers contain sulfa drugs." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF ALKAFEEL UNIVERSITY (ISCKU 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0067295.

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Muškinja, Jovana M., Jelena S. Katanić Stanković, and Zoran R. Ratković. "SYNTHESIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW SULFONAMIDE DERIVATIVES." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.351m.

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Sulfonamide derivatives are a very important class of compounds with pronounced biological activities and, for this reason, they have very useful pharmaceutical applications. They are the basis of several groups of drugs and are known as sulfa-drugs. From this point of view, the present study focuses on the synthesis of some novel structural hybrids incorporating two very important groups, sulfonamide, and pyrazoline. The new sulfonamide-based pyrazolines were synthesized in very good yields. The structures of the sulfonamide compounds were confirmed by IR and NMR methods. Synthesized compounds were tested for their antioxidant activities using two different methods, DPPH radical and ABTS radical cation scavenging assays. The results showed relatively good in vitro antioxidant activity.
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Fahad, Mahmood M., Ezzat Hussien Zimam, Ali Jabbar Radhi, Majid Jary Mohamud, and Nadheema Abed Abbas. "Based on sulfa drug: Synthesis and biological study of barbituric acid derivatives containing 1,2,3-Triazoline moiety." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF ALKAFEEL UNIVERSITY (ISCKU 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0066844.

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Chang, Tsung-Yao, and Chii-Wann Lin. "Solutions of SAT Problems Solved by a SPR-Based DNA Processor." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52036.

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DNA computation has shown its potential not only on mathematics, but on various practical areas such as diagnosis, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection, smart amplification, encryption and drug delivery etc. However, most previous researches about DNA computation possess a couple of weaknesses, including time-wasting, effort-wasting, lack of reusability and no miniaturization. In order to address this issue and improve weaknesses mentioned above, we built up a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) system for the detection on the DNA array chip to solve a 3-clause satisfiability (SAT) problem with 3 variables x, y and z. Every variable is defined as a 15-nt single strand DNA (ssDNA) which is immobilized on one spot of the gold surface. We further define SPR reflective intensity changes 0, 0.2 and 2 A.U. caused by changes of molecular weight on surface as Boolean signals False, True and None, respectively. Moreover, False signal represents a positive hybridization reaction via the hydrogen bond that binds the complementary ssDNA conjugating to IgG (150 kDa) by the crosslinker Sulfo-SMPB which can links thiol group labeled on ssDNA and amine group existed on IgG; True signal represents the hybridization reaction that binds the complementary ssDNA-IgG-Antigen which can result in a much larger intensity change. For a SAT problem F = (XT ∪ YF)∩(XF ∪ ZT)∩(YT ∪ ZT), there are 8 possible answers. Therefore, we established a 3-spot array as a set which is immobilized sequence x, y and z. After one calculation, we read out the solution of this set and then regenerate it by injecting 0.05 N sodium hydroxide solution. In this work, we used 200 ng/ml Xc-Human IgG, Yc-Rabbit IgG and Zc-Goat IgG as reaction agents for hybridization which represent False signal. Furthermore, 100 ng/ml Anti-Human IgG, Rabbit IgG and Goat IgG were taken as True signal agents. A full reaction can be completed within 30 minutes at room temperature. The buffer in the study is 1 x phosphate buffered solution (PBS) with 100 mM sodium chloride. The proposed platform has improved drawbacks that occurred in previous researches about DNA computer. Besides, it is provided with abilities a processor should have which are recalculable and realtime measurement so that provides us a novel approach for addressable and reusable diagnosis.
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Reports on the topic "Sulfa drugs"

1

Jayachandran, Seema, Adriana Lleras-Muney, and Kimberly Smith. Modern Medicine and the 20th Century Decline in Mortality: Evidence on the Impact of Sulfa Drugs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15089.

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