Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Suicidality'
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1
Johnson, Judith. "Resilience to suicidality." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527407.
2
Lewis, Victoria M. "Suicidality in neurological conditions." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6177/.
Abstract:
This thesis combines two research papers. The first paper is a systematic literature review investigating risk factors associated with suicidality in Huntington’s disease. The review discusses the importance of clinicians using the identified factors as ‘red flags’ when screening for suicide ideation so that either preventative measures can be put in place or psychological interventions provided to ameliorate any distress. The second paper is an empirical study which explores the concept of ‘rational suicide’ in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It also investigates whether depression forms an important link between disability and suicide ideation, compares types of Progressive MS and examines whether there are differences in levels of suicide ideation for different disability types. The findings are discussed in terms of current literature, future research recommendations and clinical implications.
3
Sheehy, Kate. "Understanding suicidality in prisoners." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/understanding-suicidality-in-prisoners(043d887a-11c8-444a-97f4-ef4dedf6dbe0).html.
Abstract:
Rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviours are heightened amongst prisoners, and present a significant challenge to correctional facilities globally. Despite this, there is a paucity of theoretically driven research examining the factors that underlie suicidality in prisoners. Two theoretical models of suicide, the Cry of Pain model (CoP; Williams, 1997) and the Schematic Appraisals Model of Suicide (SAMS; Johnson, Gooding & Tarrier, 2008) have highlighted the roles of negative appraisals and perceptions of defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness, as key psychological drivers for suicidal thoughts and behaviours. The overarching aim of this thesis was to investigate the psychological mechanisms that underlie suicidal thoughts and behaviours amongst prisoners. A corollary aim was to examine the psychological factors that may confer resilience to suicidal thoughts and behaviours amongst incarcerated individuals. Firstly, a comprehensive narrative review examined evidence of the applicability of current theoretical approaches to suicide, as applied to prisoner samples. The findings of this review highlighted gaps in the literature, from which a number of research questions were developed for investigation in the current thesis. Next, three empirical studies were designed to investigate the roles of perceptions of defeat, entrapment, hopelessness, and negative appraisals in suicidal ideation. In the first of these studies, cross-sectional evidence was obtained that perceptions of internal entrapment and hopelessness were predictive of suicidal ideation amongst prisoners (Chapter 4). In a second study, the predictive effects of defeat, hopelessness, and entrapment were examined in a longitudinal investigation, finding no significant longitudinal relationship (Chapter 7). In a further empirical study, support was provided for the role of momentary negative appraisals of the present and future as proximal predictors of the severity of suicidal thoughts (Chapter 5). Two further studies examined the role of impulsiveness in suicidality, and provided evidence for the deleterious effect of impulsiveness upon both suicidal ideation (Chapter 8) and self-harm ideation (Chapter 9) in prisoners. Two further studies provided the first theoretically driven investigations of potential resilience factors, conceptualized as positive self-appraisals, within a prisoner sample. Based on the Schematic Appraisals Model of Suicide (SAMS), it was proposed that positive self-appraisals would confer resilience against suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Two studies investigated this hypothesis. The first of these studies found that, contrary to predictions, positive self-appraisals of social support and social reciprocity did not buffer the impact of negative situational appraisals upon suicidal thoughts (Chapter 5). In the second study, evidence was obtained for a buffering effect of positive self-appraisals upon suicidal thoughts. In particular, positive appraisals of interpersonal problem-solving were found to buffer the effects of internal entrapment on suicidal thoughts (Chapter 6).Overall, the findings of this thesis serve to further our understanding of the psychological processes underlying the development of, and resilience to, suicidality amongst prisoners. These results underscore the need to empirically examine the applicability and transferability of psychological models of suicide within prisoner populations. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are outlined throughout the thesis.
4
Goszer, Libby. "Adolescent suicidality and attachment pathology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0027/NQ37706.pdf.
5
Miller, Jaclyn. "Social problem-solving and suicidality." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6212/.
Abstract:
Aims. This thesis aimed to investigate the relationships between social problem-solving, defeat, entrapment and other cognitive risk factors (rumination, goal adjustment) for suicidal ideation and behaviour. The investigation was carried out using the framework of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behaviour (IMV; O’Connor, 2011) and this thesis aimed to test aspects of this theoretical model. In addition, this thesis also aimed to critically evaluate the measures of social problem-solving employed in suicide research. Method. Five empirical studies across five chapters were conducted. In order to achieve the study’s aims, a systematic review was conducted first which informed the selection of the social problem-solving measures employed within the thesis (Chapter 3). The review also identified the need to update the original Means End Problem-Solving task (MEPS; Platt and Spivack, 1975). A series of focus groups were conducted to revise and update the measure (Chapter 6), two studies were then conducted to test the revised measure (MEPS-R; Chapter 7). A further two studies investigated the relationship between social problem-solving and suicidal ideation and behaviour. The first empirical study was prospective (Chapter 5) and the second was experimental in design (Chapter 8). All studies employed both student and general population samples. Results. The Social Problem-Solving Inventory (SPSI-R; D’Zurilla, et al, 2002) and the MEPS were identified as the most common measures employed in suicide research (Chapter 3). The SPSI-R was employed in all studies and the original MEPS was revised and tested. The MEPS-R was found to be a reliable measure, both inter-rater and internal consistency were good although the MEPS-R scores did not correlate with established risk factors of psychological distress (Chapter 7). However, in the experimental study the MEPS-R was found to correlate with psychological distress (Chapter 8). Dysfunctional social problem-solving was found to be the most pernicious of the SPSI-R subscales and individuals who reported a history of self-harm were found to score higher in dysfunctional problem-solving than individuals who reported no history of self-harm (Chapter 5 and 8). Dysfunctional social problem-solving was found to mediated the defeat-entrapment relationship and rational problem-solving moderate this relationship. Defeat had no discernible impact on social problem-solving performance (Chapter 8). Conclusion. This research makes a novel contribution to the understanding of the relationships between social problem-solving, defeat, entrapment, rumination, goal adjustment and suicidal ideation/behaviour. It also highlights the importance of the dysfunctional aspect of social problem-solving. The IMV model was a useful framework for understanding these relationships. In addition, the revised MEPS (MEPS-R) is a reliable measure of social problem-solving, which is more applicable for use in today’s society but it requires further testing, especially in clinical populations.
6
Fordwood, Samantha Roanne. "A longitudinal model of suicidality among outpatient youth effects of previous suicidality, psychopathology, and gender /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1472131491&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
7
Dykxhoorn, Jennifer. "Early Life Predictors of Adolescent Suicidality." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32083.
Abstract:
Background:
Suicidal thoughts affect 12% of Canadian adolescents. Previous research has linked many factors to suicidality but has not considered how these factors may act together or their effect on non-mental health outcomes.
Methods: I used the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth to construct predictive models for suicidal thinking. Recursive partitioning models were constructed and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for suicidal thoughts and secondary outcomes was calculated. I tested the models in the Avon Longitudinal Survey of Parents and Children.
Results:
Predictive model sensitivity was 24.2%, specificity was 89.8%, PPV was 24.7%, and NPV was 89.5% and had similar accuracy in the second dataset. The models were better at predicting other adverse outcomes compared to suicidal ideas.
Conclusion:
Exposure to multiple risk factors is predictive of several poor outcomes in adolescence including suicidal thoughts.
8
Dodd, Will. "Addressing Adolescent Suicidality in Primary Care." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8918.
Abstract:
Develop awareness of the current literature on risk and protective factors related to adolescent suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Describe one evidence supported clinical tool that can guide adolescent suicide risk assessment in primary care
9
Barber-Lomax, Lisa. "Attitudes and change in suicidality and self harm." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3203/.
Abstract:
This thesis comprises two volumes, representing the research and clinical components submitted to the University of Birmingham in partial fulfillment of the degree of Doctor of Clinical Psychology (D.ClinPsy). The first volume is the research component and contains three papers. The first paper is a literature review of research into healthcare professionals’ attitudes towards working with suicidality and people who self-harm. The review considers the presence and type of attitudes, followed by possible mediating factors. The second paper is an empirical study which describes the rationale, process and results of a Mindfulness based intervention on reducing vulnerability to suicidality in young adults. The study adopts a mixed methods approach, and analyses self-report questionnaire data using the reliable change index, and semi-structured interview data using template analysis. The third paper describes the literature review and empirical paper in language appropriate for dissemination to the general public. The second volume is the clinical component containing four Clinical Practice Reports. They include a paper which formulates a client’s case from two different psychological perspectives, a service evaluation, a single case experimental design and a case study. The fifth report is an abstract, describing a clinical presentation of a case study.
10
Stinson, Jill D. "Risk Factors Associated With Suicidality and Sexual Offending." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7889.
11
Wiederholt, Elizabeth N., and Jill D. Stinson. "Sex Offenders, the Tennessee Public Registry, and Suicidality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7893.
Abstract:
This paper explores the relationship between the Tennessee sex offender registry and suicidality. The research looks at the registry as a factor in suicidality among offenders by identifying cause of death of offenders on the Tennessee registry between 2011 and 2016. An Internet search engine was used to determine causes of death from a list of offenders from the TBI, which included 434 men and women who died while registered. Findings and implications for intervention and policy will be discussed.
12
Lo, Chia-Ying. "Life disentangled : a performative autoethnographic inquiry on suicidality." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.682357.
Abstract:
An invisible shadow was blocking my life making me unable to act or think as I wished to. It was an unpleasant life, a life not worth living. The feeling of desperation brought me to the point where I wanted to finish my life. I had tried to find rel.ease in many ways but I could not find one. I came to academia, hoping to do research on my own misery, to release the tangle binding me and to find a way to live on. Among many methodologies, I found the 'felt-text' of Spry's performative autoethnography and reckoned it could be helpful because it examined each subtle emotion or feeling contained in the narratives where my confusing life stories were told. Therefore, I applied the theories of her work in my inquiry on suicidality. In this dissertation, after a Prologue, there is a section of scripts and themes. The texts of my life stories are written in the form of dramatic scripts with narratives on one side of the page and physical movements on the other side. I show the elements of performativity of the texts in this way. After each script of my life stories, there is a theme. These themes are reflections from an aspect of the way I see the events that happened to me given by the title of the theme. After this section, I write about the processes of writing and reflecting as methodology. At the end, I have some thoughts concerning ethical and political issues because of the sensitive nature of this sort of inquiry. The process of writing this dissertation is the process of doing the inquiry and will continue. At different points within the process, some questions were answered, some problems were solved and some of the tangles that choked me were released
13
Kutz, Christen. "CAG Repeat Length and Suicidality in Huntington's disease." Diss., NSUWorks, 2015. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_hs_stuetd/1.
Abstract:
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine if a correlation exists between suicide and CAG repeat length in Huntington’s disease. Methodology: A case-control study using the COHORT Study de-identified database was conducted. Responses were collected from 163 participants. Depression, substance abuse history and use of benzodiazepines were covariates. Responses to the UHDRS behavioral section pertaining to the frequency and severity of suicidal ideation (“feels life is not worth living”, “has suicidal thoughts”) were analyzed. Results: Despite taking depression, benzodiazepine use, and history of substance abuse into account, there was a predictive relationship between CAG repeat length and frequency of suicidal ideation (p = .010). When the effect of depression was taken into account, there was no significant relationship between CAG repeat length and the severity of suicidal ideation. Recommendations: The findings from this quantitative analysis supported using CAG length in a clinician’s risk factor assessment to determine the frequency of suicidality.
14
Müller-Oerlinghausen, Bruno, and Ute Lewitzka. "Lithium Reduces Pathological Aggression and Suicidality: A Mini-Review." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-134623.
Abstract:
From a practical point of view, the well-proven antisuicidal and anti-aggressive effects of lithium are of utmost importance for a rational, safe and economical treatment of patients with affective disorders. Regular lithium long-term treatment reduces the otherwise 2- to 3-fold increased mortality of untreated patients with severe affective disorders down to the level of the general population. This is mainly due to the reduced suicide risk. Many international studies have confirmed this fascinating property of lithium which so far has not been demonstrated with comparable evidence for any other psychotropic compound. The antisuicidal effects of lithium might possibly be related to its anti-aggressive effects which have been shown in various species, populations and settings, such as animals, inhabitants of nursing homes for the elderly, mentally handicapped subjects, children and adolescents with hyperactive, hostile and aggressive behavior, and particularly in hyperaggressive inmates of correction units and prisonsDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
15
Holden, R. "Risk factors for suicidality in clinical populations of adolescents." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2018. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17647/.
Abstract:
This study investigated the impact of bullying on suicidality in a clinical population of adolescents with autism spectrum conditions (ASCs). Evidence suggests that adolescents that experience bullying are at increased risk of developing suicidality. Adolescents with ASCs are at increased risk of developing suicidality and are at increased risk of being bullied. However, the relationship between bullying and suicidality in adolescents with ASCs has not been investigated. Electronic health records (EHRs) of adolescents (13-17 yrs) with a diagnosis of ASC using the services of a South London mental health trust were analysed. Natural language processing (NLP) was employed to identify mentions of suicidality and bullying in the free text fields of adolescents’ clinical records. Cox regression analysis was employed to investigate the longitudinal relationship between bullying and suicidality. Bullying at baseline was associated with suicidality over the follow-up period. In addition, female gender, psychosis or affective disorder diagnosis and absence of intellectual disorder diagnosis were associated with suicidality at follow-up. After controlling for functional assessment score bullying did not predict suicidality. Bullying seems to predict future suicidality in adolescents with ASCs. That bullying did not predict suicidality after controlling for functional assessment score may have been due to the impact of lost power or overfitting. The results of this study suggest that mental health clinicians and educators should take reports of bullying seriously.
16
Humber, Naomi. "An investigation into the relationship between anger and suicidality." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-investigation-into-the-relationship-between-anger-and-suicidality(068ee54b-c82d-4630-9fc1-b4a13fa5f0a2).html.
Abstract:
Background: Paper I [literature review] Anger is reported to be an important factor in suicidality yet there is no review in this area of research. Paper II [research study] Anger and suicidality are found in exaggerated levels in the prisoner population and their association required investigation using a novel and ecologically valid methodology. Aims: Paper I [literature review] To review studies which have investigated the relationship between anger and suicidality. Paper II [research study] To examine the relationship between anger and suicicidality in a sample of male prisoners. Paper III [critical review and appraisal] To critically review and appraise Papers I and II as well as the research processes involved. Methods: Paper I systematically reviewed 48 studies of anger and suicidality over a 20-year period. Paper II conducted an ecological momentary assessment study using multi-level modelling analysis to investigate anger and suicidality in a sample of adult male prisoners. Results: Paper I found preliminary evidence for a relationship between anger and suicidality which identified that the area required more empirically rigorous investigation, particularly using novel, ecologically valid methodology. In a sample of adult male prisoners, Paper II demonstrated that anger was temporally associated with suicidal ideation and related concepts. Anger was concurrently associated with suicidal ideation, when controlling for depression and hopelessness. Conclusions: Paper I indicated the potential relationship between anger and suicidality in clinical and non-clinical populations. Paper II revealed strong evidence of an association between concurrent anger and suicidality in adult male prisoners using ecologically valid assessment methods. Paper III examined the relevance of Papers I and II, in their independent additions to the empirical literature as to the relation between anger and suicidality.
17
Gurbuz, Suheyl. "Suicidality among Turkish Adolescents: Comparing Durkheim's and Tarde's Perspectives." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248465/.
Abstract:
Suicidality is an important problem among adolescents. This study compares Durkheim's and Tarde's perspectives on suicide. While the Durkheimian perspective alleges that integration, regulation, and anomie play the major role on adolescent suicidality, Tarde's theory considers imitation as the most important factor affecting suicidality. Durkheim suggests that individuals with higher integration and regulation are less likely to commit suicide. Individuals with less integration and regulation, on the other hand, are more likely to experience anomie and higher suicidality. Tarde claims that individuals with suicidal peers are more likely to commit suicide. In particular, the effects of school integration, family integration, peer integration, religious integration, neighborhood integration, family regulation, anomie, and suicide imitation on adolescent suicidality in Turkey are examined using binary logistics regression in the current attempt. The results indicate that school integration, family integration, and religious integration have significant negative effects on adolescents' suicidality whereas suicide imitation has a positive effect. The results of the study are expected to help to prevention programs purposed at reducing suicidality among adolescents.
18
Müller-Oerlinghausen, Bruno, and Ute Lewitzka. "Lithium Reduces Pathological Aggression and Suicidality: A Mini-Review." Karger, 2010. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27582.
Abstract:
From a practical point of view, the well-proven antisuicidal and anti-aggressive effects of lithium are of utmost importance for a rational, safe and economical treatment of patients with affective disorders. Regular lithium long-term treatment reduces the otherwise 2- to 3-fold increased mortality of untreated patients with severe affective disorders down to the level of the general population. This is mainly due to the reduced suicide risk. Many international studies have confirmed this fascinating property of lithium which so far has not been demonstrated with comparable evidence for any other psychotropic compound. The antisuicidal effects of lithium might possibly be related to its anti-aggressive effects which have been shown in various species, populations and settings, such as animals, inhabitants of nursing homes for the elderly, mentally handicapped subjects, children and adolescents with hyperactive, hostile and aggressive behavior, and particularly in hyperaggressive inmates of correction units and prisons.Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
19
Patel, S. N. "Suicidality in young Asian women : the role of shame." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445881/.
Abstract:
The literature addressing suicidal behaviour in young South Asian women is reviewed. Most published literature cites 'culture conflict' as a causal mechanism for the high rates of suicidal behaviour found in this group. Whilst this concept is undoubtedly of relevance, it is ill defined and does not propose a mechanism through which conflicting cultural roles may lead to suicidal ideation and behaviour. Recent research suggests a role for shame in the suicidal behaviour of young Asian women. A specific pathway is for the first time proposed in this study, by hypothesising that experiencing conflict between Western and South Asian cultures in terms of acceptable moral and social behaviour for women may lead to or at least contribute to suicidal behaviour through the cultural concepts of 'sharam' (shame) and 'izzat' (honour). The shame experienced is thought to relate more to a fear of shaming one's family and/or community, and thereby affecting family honour rather than to Western concepts of shame. Religion is examined as a moderating variable, as research suggests that Muslim women may be at lower risk of suicidality than South Asian women from other religious backgrounds in particular Hindu women. A hypothetical model is proposed linking culture conflict, shame and suicidal behaviour with religion moderating the effect of shame on suicidal behaviour.
20
Hansen, L. K. "The influence of cognitive-behavioural therapy on suicidality in schizophrenia." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416492.
21
Hangartner, Renee Brown. "The Association between Sexual Harassment and Suicidality Among College Women." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5961.
Abstract:
The prevalence of sexual harassment among college women has been reported to range from 33% to 97% (Klein, Apple, & Khan, 2011; Yoon, Funk, & Kropf, 2010) across the lifespan. In any one year of college, the prevalence of sexual harassment reported by women ranges from 33% to 57% (Crown & Roberts, 2007; Huerta, Cortina, Pang, Torges, & Magley, 2006). The severity and frequency of sexual harassment has been found to be related to reports of psychological distress (Nielsen & Einarsen, 2012), feelings of shame (Yoon et al., 2010), anxiety and depression symptoms (Murdoch, Pryor, Polusny, & Gackstetter, 2007), and social isolation (Pershing, 2003). These consequences of sexual harassment are concerning given the association between depression, isolation, and suicidality (Boardman, Grimbaldeston, Handley, Jones, & Willmott, 1999; DeWall, Gilman, Sharif, Carboni, & Rice, 2012). While there are numerous studies documenting the negative consequences experienced by women who are sexually harassed, little is known about the relationship of sexual harassment to the more severe negative outcomes of suicidal ideation and self-harm behaviors and what variables might facilitate this hypothesized relationship. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore whether the experience of sexual harassment is related to increased suicidality and if this hypothesized relationship is mediated or moderated by other factors such as an individual’s response style and/or degree of connection to or isolation from others.
22
Thomas, Kathryn Ann, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Longitudinal evaluation of a risk-factor model for adolescent suicidality." Deakin University. School of Psychology, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051208.100703.
Abstract:
This research developed two best-fitting structural equation models of risk factors for adolescent depression and suicidality: a core model, which included parenting factors, gender, depression, and suicidality, and an extended model, which also encompassed personality traits (Introversion and Impulsivity) and mood factors (Anxiety and Anger). Further, this research investigated the consistency of model fit across time (Le., 1 month & 12 months) and samples, and explored the effectiveness of the ReachOut! Internet site as a psychoeducational prevention strategy for adolescent depression and suicidality. Gender, age, and location differences were also explored.
Participants were 185 Year-9 students and 93 Year-10 students aged 14 - 16 years, from seven secondary schools in regional and rural Victoria. Students were given a survey which included the Parental Bonding Instrument (Parker, Tupling, & Brown, 1979), the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory (Millon, Green, & Meagher, 1982), the Profile of Mood States Inventory (McNair & Lorr, 1964), items on suicidal behaviour including some questions from the Revised Adolescent Suicide Questionnaire (Pearce & Martin, 1994), and questions on loss and general demographics.
Results supported an indirect model of risk factors, with family factors directly influencing personality factors, which in turn influenced mood factors, including depression, which then influenced suicidality. At the theoretical level, results supported Attachment Theory (Bowlby, 1969), demonstrating that perceived parenting styles that are warm and not overly controlling are more conducive to an adolescent's emotional well-being than are parenting styles that are cold and controlling. Further, results supported Millon's theory of personality (1981), demonstrating that parenting style influences a child's personality.
Short-term intervention effects from the internet site were a decrease in Introversion for the full sample, and decreased Inhibition and Suicidality for a high-risk subgroup. Long-term age effects were decreased Inhibition and increased Anxiety for the fall sample. There was also a probable intervention effect for Depression for the high-risk subgroup. No location differences for the risk factors were found between regional and rural areas.
23
Bronisch, Thomas, Lena Schwender, Michael Höfler, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, and Roselind Lieb. "Mania, Hypomania, and Suicidality: Findings from a Prospective Community Study." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-118377.
Abstract:
We examined prospectively whether mania and hypomania are associated with an elevated risk for suicidality in a community sample of adolescents and young adults. Baseline and four-year follow-up data were used from the Early-Developmental- Stages-of-Psychopathology (EDSP) Study, a prospective longitudinal study of adolescents and young adults in Munich. Suicidal tendencies (ideation/attempts), mania, and hypomania were assessed using the standardized Munich-Composite-International- Diagnostic-Interview. At baseline, mania/hypomania was associated to a different degree with suicidality (Odds ratios [OR] range from 1.9 to 13.7). In the prospective analyses, the risk for subsequent incident suicidal ideation was increased in the presence of prior mania (38.0% vs. 14.1%; OR = 4:4; 95% CI = 1.4–13.5). No associations could be found between prior mania/hypo-mania and incident suicide attempts. The prospective analyses revealed a remarkable relationship between preexisting mania and increased risk for subsequent suicidal ideation.
24
Hangartner, Renee R. Brown. "The Association between Sexual Harassment and Suicidality Among College Women." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1604796.
Abstract:
The prevalence of sexual harassment among college women has been reported to range from 33% to 97% (Klein, Apple, & Khan, 2011; Yoon, Funk, & Kropf, 2010) across the lifespan. In any one year of college, the prevalence of sexual harassment reported by women ranges from 33% to 57% (Crown & Roberts, 2007; Huerta, Cortina, Pang, Torges, & Magley, 2006). The severity and frequency of sexual harassment has been found to be related to reports of psychological distress (Nielsen & Einarsen, 2012), feelings of shame (Yoon et al., 2010), anxiety and depression symptoms (Murdoch, Pryor, Polusny, & Gackstetter, 2007), and social isolation (Pershing, 2003). These consequences of sexual harassment are concerning given the association between depression, isolation, and suicidality (Boardman, Grimbaldeston, Handley, Jones, & Willmott, 1999; DeWall, Gilman, Sharif, Carboni, & Rice, 2012). While there are numerous studies documenting the negative consequences experienced by women who are sexually harassed, little is known about the relationship of sexual harassment to the more severe negative outcomes of suicidal ideation and self-harm behaviors and what variables might facilitate this hypothesized relationship. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore whether the experience of sexual harassment is related to increased suicidality and if this hypothesized relationship is mediated or moderated by other factors such as an individual’s response style and/or degree of connection to or isolation from others.
25
Johns, Erin Shae. "Teaching Problem-Solving to Improve Family Functioning and Decrease Suicidality." NSUWorks, 2009. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/40.
Abstract:
Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults. Numerous risk factors have been identified in the literature, including poor problem-solving skills, poor family functioning, excessive risk-taking behaviors, legal difficulties, and school difficulties. Deficits in problem-solving skills and poor family functioning are typically reported together, indicating a relationship between the two. However, no previous studies have identified this relationship. The purpose of this study was to identify possible relationships between two known risk factors and suicidal ideation, to determine whether problem-solving skills taught in the experimental groups reduce suicidal ideation and improve perceptions of family relationships, and to establish if knowledge of problem-solving skills acts as a mediator between family functioning and suicidal ideation. Archival data of 285 adolescents who participated in up to 10 sessions dedicated to teaching the process of solving problems were analyzed. There was an unusually high attrition rate (64%), and so in some analyses, only data from 85 adolescents was reported. One empirically-validated questionnaire and three additional questionnaires were utilized to assess suicidal ideation, perception of family functioning, risky behaviors, and knowledge of steps in problem-solving. Knowledge of the problem solving process was shown to significantly improve over the course of the group. Although there were not significant improvements in suicidal ideation or family functioning, the change in scores was in the predicted direction. The results also found significant correlations between family functioning and problem solving and family functioning and suicidal ideation; however, no significant relationship was found between problem solving and suicidal ideation. Additionally, there were many significant correlations found between the outcome measures and many of the risk factors for suicide. Lastly, a mediator effect of problem-solving on the relationship between family functioning and suicidal ideation was found at pre-test only.
26
Bronisch, Thomas, Lena Schwender, Michael Höfler, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, and Roselind Lieb. "Mania, Hypomania, and Suicidality: Findings from a Prospective Community Study." Technische Universität Dresden, 2005. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27054.
Abstract:
We examined prospectively whether mania and hypomania are associated with an elevated risk for suicidality in a community sample of adolescents and young adults. Baseline and four-year follow-up data were used from the Early-Developmental- Stages-of-Psychopathology (EDSP) Study, a prospective longitudinal study of adolescents and young adults in Munich. Suicidal tendencies (ideation/attempts), mania, and hypomania were assessed using the standardized Munich-Composite-International- Diagnostic-Interview. At baseline, mania/hypomania was associated to a different degree with suicidality (Odds ratios [OR] range from 1.9 to 13.7). In the prospective analyses, the risk for subsequent incident suicidal ideation was increased in the presence of prior mania (38.0% vs. 14.1%; OR = 4:4; 95% CI = 1.4–13.5). No associations could be found between prior mania/hypo-mania and incident suicide attempts. The prospective analyses revealed a remarkable relationship between preexisting mania and increased risk for subsequent suicidal ideation.
27
Golden, Elissa Rebecca. "The Relationship Between Adolescent Suicidality and Engagement in Risky Behaviors." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/122.
Abstract:
Adolescent suicide is a serious and growing problem among adolescents. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to try and identify predictors of suicidal ideation. The first objective was to examine whether the level of engagement in risky behavior predicts an increase in total suicidal ideation above and beyond other well-known risk factors (i.e., family functioning, gender, and problem-solving skills). The second objective was to investigate whether different types of risky behaviors (i.e., internalizing versus externalizing) predict different forms of suicidal ideation (i.e., passive versus active) above and beyond perceived family functioning, gender, and problem-solving skills. The pre-test archival data of 358 students who participated in a weekly problem-solving group were analyzed. Using four questionnaires, their perceived family functioning, knowledge of the problem-solving process, number of risk-taking behaviors, and level of suicidal ideation were assessed during the first and last sessions. Gender and perceived family functioning uniquely and consistently contributed to the variance in active, passive and total suicidal ideation scores. The active, passive and total suicidal ideation scores of adolescent males were consistently lower than adolescent females. When compared to adolescents who described having no relationship with their families, those adolescents who reported having a good or great relationship with their families consistently reported lower passive, active, and total suicidal ideation scores. Having an okay relationship produced mixed results. Total risky behavior scores significantly predicted adolescents’ total suicidal ideation scores above and beyond perceived family functioning and gender. In addition, internalizing behaviors, but not externalizing behaviors, predicted an increase in passive, active, and total suicidal ideation scores above and beyond perceived family functioning and gender. Based on these findings, current screening, prevention and treatment programs would benefit from adding questions designed to determine an adolescent’s engagement in internalizing behaviors and how they perceive their family relationships. This may help in identifying at-risk adolescents earlier so that they can receive the help and support they require.
28
Sheftall, Arielle Hope. "Attachment and Suicidality in Adolescents: An Exploration of Mediators and Moderators." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276383378.
29
Band, M. D. "Religiosity, coping and suicidality among the religious Zionist community of Israel." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445306/.
Abstract:
The relationship between religion and mental health has been the subject of extensive research particularly in recent years. Concurrently, the issues of coping and suicidality have also been widely studied. Significantly however, how religious people cope with harsh life situations and how their religiosity impacts on their coping skills is an area which seems to have been overlooked. The present study analyses how members of one cultural group, the Religious Zionist community in Israel, cope with harsh life situations. Two introductory chapters reporting on previous research relating to religion, mental health and suicide are followed by a historical and psycho-sociological review of the development of the Religious Zionist community over the last 100 years. A qualitative study (n=18) informed the quantitative research (n=124) such that questionnaires were developed through insights gained in the interviews. A synthesis of the qualitative and quantitative studies led to conclusions which have helped to refine the understanding of the relationship between religiosity, coping, and suicidality. Although the study confirms the conclusions of previous research - in general religion creates a buffer to suicidal activity - the results showed a relatively low impact of religiosity on coping: people who regard themselves as religious find it difficult to access their religiosity during harsh life situations. Furthermore, religiosity appears to have a greater impact on suicide acceptance than on suicide ideation. The study highlights the critical role of religious coping as a mediating factor between religiosity and suicide. The thesis suggests certain themes which help to explain the findings, for example the specific complexity of personal and collective identities which characterise the Religious Zionist community, or - more significantly - the possibilty that religious coping is not actually absent but is only available in a second, later stage of coping. As an example of a harsh life event which affected the whole community, the thesis presents a provisional analysis of the Disengagement plan of 2005, and finally the study analyses the significance of the researcher's socio-religious background and its impact on the research.
30
Cowles, Natalie Shapiro Steven K. "Prediction of adolescent suicidality relative contribution of diagnosis, psychotherapy, and impulsity /." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Dissertations/COWLES_NATALIE_56.pdf.
31
Kikoler, M. "Exploring risk factors for suicidality in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2018. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/17775/.
Abstract:
Background: Suicidality, suicidal ideation and suicidal behaviour, is a significant health concern for adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Depression and Irritability have been identified as risk factors for suicidality in autistic adolescents. Autistic youth may have higher vulnerability to these factors than typically developing adolescents. No study has compared the relationship between suicidality and different depressive phenotypes, nor used a UK clinical sample. This study aimed depression, irritability, and specific depressive phenotypes as risk factors for suicidality in adolescents with ASD within a UK clinical population. Method: This clinical cohort study used archival data extracted from an electronic mental health records database. The sample consisted of 1314 adolescents (13+ years) who received an ICD-10 ASD diagnosis between 2008 and 2013. Outcome measure was suicidality, with exposure variables of depression, irritability, and phenotypes (depression with comorbid irritability (DWI), depression without comorbid irritability (DNI), irritability without comorbid depression (IND)). Results: Cross-sectional analysis found depression to be associated with higher likelihood of suicidality. Irritability was found to be associated with higher likelihood of suicidality, even after controlling for depression. DWI was a more significant predictor of suicidality than IND, but no different from DNI. Psychosis, being female, antidepressant use, and caregiver mental health difficulties were also positively associated with suicidality, but significantly less likely in individuals diagnosed with ID. Conclusions: Results indicate multiple characteristics of adolescents with ASD at high-risk of suicidality. Early identification of high-risk individuals could help deliver timely intervention, potentially reducing both incidence and progression of suicidality.
32
Rosen, Sarah M. "Dark Humor and Suicide: Exploring Viewer Suicidality in "The Long Way"." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/777.
Abstract:
Death, dying, and the actual loss of life are some of the broadest sweeping concepts that typically evoke a wide array of emotions from sadness and anger to fear and despondence. It is unlikely that the first words associated with death are comedy, humor, or laughter. However, that is precisely what creators and comedians of dark, death, and gallows humor seek to achieve. For my senior capstone project, I have created a short fictional narrative film encompassing the traits of a dark comedy. However, noticing that few dark comedies delve into topics surrounding suicide, I wondered if it was possible to achieve the same comedic and filmic effects with suicide as dark comedies do with death. Is it possible to generate humor from suicide and desiring death? What is implied if humor is derived from the inability to reach death on one’s own volition?
33
Bell, Mary Ann 1953. "Losing connections: A process of decision-making in late life suicidality." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284294.
Abstract:
Late life suicide is a major public health problem in the U.S. with elderly white men at highest risk of completed suicide. This grounded theory study explored individual perspectives of suicidality with men aged 67 to 83 years. A basic social psychological process, Losing Connections, was identified from interviews. Three stages of this process were identified during which the effect of cumulative losses culminated in depression, prompted suicidal ideation, and led to a decision point for the individual. Loss was the key theme in stage one. Relationship, health, and role losses were identified with professional role loss being the most prominent. The second stage was characterized by depression and despair during which suicidal ideation was prominent. Progressive alienation and the resolution to die characterized this phase. In stage three, the struggle between wanting to die and deciding to do so presented a decision point. The decision point was surrounded by a balance of triggers and barriers, which was modulated by ambivalence. The informant perceived they had reasons to die (triggers), but made the decision not to die because of perceived consequences (barriers). Triggers prompting the decision point were thoughts of a deceased spouse, emotional pain, health problems, and feelings of uselessness and/or hopelessness. The most common barrier to suicide was consequences to family members. Religion was not a significant barrier. Instead, there was a general lack of religious connections among informants. Likewise, social isolation was not prominent, as informants retained connections with family members, friends, and community.
34
Chang, Olivia D., Madeleine M. Batra, Vidhya Premkumar, Edward C. Chang, and Jameson Hirsch. "Future Orientation, Depression, Suicidality, and Interpersonal Needs in Primary Care Outpatients." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5498.
Abstract:
Based on past research findings with college students, we tested whether perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness represent important mediators of the association between future orientation and suicide risk (namely, depression and suicidality) in primary care patients. We conducted a multiple mediator test in a sample of 97 primary care patients. Our results indicated that perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness accounted for the negative associations present between future orientation and measures of suicide risk. These findings provide evidence for perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as mechanisms accounting for the association between future orientation and suicide risk in primary care patients.
35
McAndrew, Susan Lindsay. "Gay men and suicidality : an exploration of the significant biographical experiences fore-grounded during childhood, adolescence and early adulthood of some gay men who have engaged in suicidality." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/342/.
Abstract:
International epidemiological studies note that gay men are 4 times more likely to report a serious suicide attempt than their heterosexual counterparts. Data on completed suicides, usually derived from mortality statistics, misrepresent the rate of suicides amongst homosexual populations. However, an increasing number of studies comparing representative samples of gay, lesbian and bisexual youths with heterosexual controls, report increased rates of mental health problems and subsequent suicide among the homosexual population. Whilst current healthcare policy in England is concerned with suicides among young people, the importance of research findings relating to gay people and their mental health needs are often not acknowledged. Additionally, addressing the problem through a public health agenda, the juxtaposition of trying to reduce the rate of suicide among young gay men in a social climate of heterosexism often compounds the negative mental health consequences for this group of people. This thesis explores possible psychosocial experiences that might have contributed to the suicidality of four gay men. A qualitative approach, using single case studies, was used to gain an in-depth understanding of the individual's experience. This methodology was psychoanalytically informed, and used free association narrative interviewing as a means of data collection. Initial data analysis involved interpretation of the Gestalt of each of the case studies. Subsequent analysis explored the shared experiences that are to be found in each of the individual narratives. Thematically, these are described as 'knowing and not knowing', 'the centrality of the father-son relationship' 'the loneliness of 'outsiderness', 'leading a double life' and 'crime and punishment'. The exploration of the significance of the life, experiences these themes illustrated revealed why some gay men might not only experience long term mental health problems but also engage in suicidality. Individually and collectively the analyses provide important insights for health professionals becoming more attuned to specific aspects of a gay man's story and thus, as a consequence, providing sensitive mental health care, at a primary, secondary and tertiary level, to those who have a gay sexual orientation.
36
YTERDAL, REBECCAH DAVITA. "PARENTING STYLES AND PARENTAL BONDING STYLES AS RISK FACTORS FOR ADOLESCENT SUICIDALITY." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613809.
Abstract:
This review aims to synthesize the existing literature on parenting practices and their risk factors for adolescent suicide as well as make the connection from these risk factors to parenting styles (neglectful, authoritarian, permissive, authoritative) and parental bonding styles (neglectful, affectionless control, affectionate constraint, optimal). Although leaders in public health and suicidality do not currently recognize parenting practices and styles as risk and protective factors for adolescent suicides, prior research provides evidence for the relationship between increased risk for adolescent suicidal thoughts and behaviors and parenting factors such as overprotection, control, abundant parent-child conflicts, neglect or rejection, and not taking a suicide attempt seriously. Moreover, past research has also found that deficient parenting styles and parental bonding styles are strongly associated with suicidality in children and adolescents both directly and indirectly due to their relation to other risk factors. This review aims to reignite the conversation about the relationship between parenting practices and adolescent suicidality and bring light to this important subject.
37
Buykx, Penelope. "The relationship between non-fatal overdose of pharmaceutical medications, suicidality and depression." Thesis, Curtin University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1348.
Abstract:
This thesis examines three main themes; depression, suicidality, and non-fatal overdose involving pharmaceutical and over-the-counter (OTC) medications. At any given time depression affects approximately one in every twenty adults in Australia. People with depression are at elevated risk of attempted and completed suicide compared to those without. Medication overdose is a frequently chosen method of suicidal behaviour, and accounts for one in ten suicide deaths and close to nine out of ten non-fatal episodes of suicidal behaviour for which hospital treatment is sought. The study reported here had six primary aims; (i) to quantify medication overdose presentations over a 12-month period to the Emergency Department (ED) of a major metropolitan public hospital in Melbourne, Australia, (ii) to describe the medication overdose patient group, including comparison with two other relevant types of presentation, illicit drug overdose, and actual or potential self-harm by means other than overdose, (iii) to explore the relationship between depression, suicidal ideation and medication overdose, (iv) to identify the medications typically used in overdose and their means of acquisition, (v) to explore patient experiences of emergency care following a medication overdose, and (vi) to comment on the feasibility of introducing a brief intervention within the ED with the intention of addressing the issue of medication overdose. Three data sources were employed: computerised ED records, interviews with a sub-sample of patients attending the ED following a medication overdose, and observation of ED processes in relation to these cases.One of the most important findings of the study was the large contribution made by benzodiazepine medications to the overall medication overdose statistics. When considered in conjunction with the patient interview data, it appeared that many patients included in the study were prescribed benzodiazepines in a manner that contradicts current national prescribing guidelines. The problem of medication overdose could be partially addressed by working with doctors to ensure the appropriateness of their prescribing practices, to encourage them to more closely monitor the treatment progress of at-risk patients, and to increase awareness of other evidence-based forms of treatment for depression and anxiety.
38
Buykx, Penelope. "The relationship between non-fatal overdose of pharmaceutical medications, suicidality and depression." Curtin University of Technology, National Drug Research Institute, 2007. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=17328.
Abstract:
This thesis examines three main themes; depression, suicidality, and non-fatal overdose involving pharmaceutical and over-the-counter (OTC) medications. At any given time depression affects approximately one in every twenty adults in Australia. People with depression are at elevated risk of attempted and completed suicide compared to those without. Medication overdose is a frequently chosen method of suicidal behaviour, and accounts for one in ten suicide deaths and close to nine out of ten non-fatal episodes of suicidal behaviour for which hospital treatment is sought. The study reported here had six primary aims; (i) to quantify medication overdose presentations over a 12-month period to the Emergency Department (ED) of a major metropolitan public hospital in Melbourne, Australia, (ii) to describe the medication overdose patient group, including comparison with two other relevant types of presentation, illicit drug overdose, and actual or potential self-harm by means other than overdose, (iii) to explore the relationship between depression, suicidal ideation and medication overdose, (iv) to identify the medications typically used in overdose and their means of acquisition, (v) to explore patient experiences of emergency care following a medication overdose, and (vi) to comment on the feasibility of introducing a brief intervention within the ED with the intention of addressing the issue of medication overdose. Three data sources were employed: computerised ED records, interviews with a sub-sample of patients attending the ED following a medication overdose, and observation of ED processes in relation to these cases.One of the most important findings of the study was the large contribution made by benzodiazepine medications to the overall medication overdose statistics. When considered in conjunction with the patient interview data, it appeared that many patients included in the study were prescribed benzodiazepines in a manner that contradicts current national prescribing guidelines. The problem of medication overdose could be partially addressed by working with doctors to ensure the appropriateness of their prescribing practices, to encourage them to more closely monitor the treatment progress of at-risk patients, and to increase awareness of other evidence-based forms of treatment for depression and anxiety.
39
Davie, Brenda J. "Suicidality among individuals with schizophrenia, the interaction of personality and known risk factors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ30938.pdf.
40
Rasmussen, Susan Anette. "Understanding psychological distress and suicidality : the predictive utility of perfectionism and autobiographical memory." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2131.
Abstract:
Objective. Previous research has implicated personality and cognitive factors in the experience of suicidal thoughts and behaviours. On the basis of two psychological models of suicide (Escape from Self; Baumeister, 1990; Cry of Pain, Williams, 1997), this thesis investigated an integrative model involving the relationship between perfectionism, motivation, and autobiographical memory recall to predict psychological distress (hopelessness, depression/anxiety, suicide ideation). Methodology. Four inter-related, but independent, prospective studies were conducted to address a number of research questions in both university students (Studies 1,2 & 3) and parasuicide patients (Study 4). Results. The main findings of this thesis are that slow or over-general recall of negative and positive memories moderates the relationship between perfectionism and psychological distress. Furthermore, it was found that perfectionism serves as a mediator in the relationship between behavioural inhibition motivation (BIS) and psychological distress. Overall, the results suggest that much knowledge can be gained from investigating the psychological processes underlying suicidal behaviour, and we highlight the utility of employing integrative psychological models. The results are discussed in terms of their therapeutic implications, as well as their implications for future research.
41
Harrison, Kimberly S. "Validation of clinical screens for suicidality and severe mental disorders for jail inmates." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4774/.
Abstract:
Psychologists and other mental health professionals working in correctional institutions bear the considerable responsibility for identifying, diagnosing, and treating mentally disordered inmates. The importance of these responsibilities has been recognized in recent years because of the burgeoning population of inmates in general and the higher numbers of inmates with mental illness in particular. Research has demonstrated that the screens currently used in correctional settings to identify mentally disordered and suicidal inmates are either unvalidated or generally ineffective. This study investigates the validity of different mental health screens in a jail population. Inmates from the Grayson County Jail were administered three screens: the Referral Decision Scale (RDS), Personality Assessment Screener (PAS), and the Mental Disability/Suicide Intake Screen (MDSIS). Criterion measures were the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) for Axis I disorders and the Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) for suicidal ideation. Results indicate that each screen most effectively assessed one clinical domain: the RDS for psychosis, the MDSIS for suicidality, and the PAS for depression. Gender differences were observed in screen items most effective for classifying inmates by suicide risk level.
42
Harrison, Kirsty Anne. "Behind closed doors : towards developing a greater understanding of suicidality in restricted settings." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/behind-closed-doors-towards-developing-a-greater-understanding-of-suicidality-in-restricted-settings(f075e10e-7afd-4337-9cfc-39263d7aa8ca).html.
Abstract:
Suicide is a prevalent and international problem which has substantive economic and psychological consequences. This has led to governments placing prevention of suicide as a priority on healthcare agendas. Recognition has been given to vulnerable groups in society that have been identified as being at particularly high risk of self-harm and suicide. This includes those in contact with mental health and forensic services. There is a great deal of literature that has considered the risk factors, processes and mechanisms associated with suicide. Comparatively only a small amount of literature has looked at the concept of suicidality within restricted samples such as psychiatric inpatients and prisoners. This may be as a consequence of extensive ethical and procedural processes that are involved in conducting research in such settings. This results in it being necessary to continually make generalisations from community based literature, meaning that factors relating specifically to such settings may be overlooked or underestimated. In the first paper, the initial sections consider existing risk assessments and models of suicidality. Predominantly being structured around static risk factors, means they are often criticised for lacking predictive utility and specificity. Literature examining dynamic psychosocial factors of suicidality in restricted samples was reviewed and 20 articles were identified. A wide range of dynamic correlates are presented. These form a theoretical model of suicidality specific to restricted samples. The clinical and theoretical implications are discussed in terms of risk assessment procedures and adapting and shaping interventions in accordance with the findings. Developing risk assessments around more dynamic factors will allow for greater sensitivity and prediction of those at greatest risk of imminent harm. The second, empirical paper supports the promotion of recovery focused practice and explores the relationship between suicidality and perceived personal agency in patients in secure mental health settings; Personal agency having previously been suggested as conferring resilience to suicidality. Psychometric measures and experience sampling methodology were utilised to examine the relationship. Perceptions of personal agency were found to confer resilience against suicidality. Change in perceptions of personal agency was not associated with suicidality but the overall level of personal agency was. Implications for service delivery are discussed with emphasis given to fostering perceptions of agency, control and self-efficacy and promoting inclusion, empowerment and person centred care. The final paper provides a personal and a critical reflection on the research process. It highlights and discusses clinical and theoretical strengths and limitations of the two papers and considers the methodological processes of both papers in more detail. Further reflections on how practice could be adapted in line with the findings are given. Future directions for research within secure settings are considered, in the hope of maintaining the drive for research with this vulnerable and often overlooked population.
43
Hill, Jacqueline. "Marijuana Use, Prescription Medication Misuse, and Suicidality among African American Adolescents| A Quantitative Study." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10751906.
Abstract:
The purpose of this research was to use an Afrocentric view to explore the association of marijuana use and prescription medication misuse, and suicidality among African American adolescents. Additionally, this research aimed to use the collected data to contribute to the Zero Suicide approach in integrated health care settings. Data from the 2015 YRBSS were used to analyze the relationships among marijuana use and prescription medication misuse, and suicidal ideation, suicide plan and suicide attempt among African American adolescents, which included 1,020 participants. The results found that marijuana use and prescription medication misuse were associated with suicidal ideation and suicidal behaviors. There was a significant relationship between gender and suicidal ideation, suicide planning, attempting suicide, and attempting an injurious suicide. The results also found that there was not a significant relationship between grade level and suicidal ideation and suicide attempt, but there was a significant relationship between grade level and making a suicide plan and attempting an injurious suicide.
44
Fagan, Catrin. "Suicidality and cognition : towards an explanation of why some people believe they should die." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/87979/.
Abstract:
This thesis is organised around three chapters. Each examine patterns of cognition that can lead some people toward or away from the various stages of suicidality; thoughts, plans or attempts to die. Chapter 1 presents a systematic review of the literature, examining the relationship between optimism and suicidal ideations. The emerging evidence-base suggests the existence of a weak to moderate negative relationship; as levels of optimism increase, so the strength of suicidal thoughts are weakened. The studies reviewed also indicate that the utility of optimism is more evident in terms of its moderating or mediating effect on other prominent variables such as hopelessness and life-stressors. The clinical significance of these findings are discussed and suggestions for future research considered. Chapter 2 details an empirical investigation of Rudd’s Suicidal Belief System (SBS) and its role, alongside other psycho-social factors, in formulating a risk prediction model of suicidality. The study adopted a cross-sectional design, employing a range of psychometrically valid self-report measures. The sample population consisted of 114 participants, representing a control group: ‘Nevers’; and three different levels of suicidality: ‘Thinkers’; ‘Planners’; ‘Attempters’. Principal Axis Factoring confirmed the existence of Rudd’s underlying SBS. That is, a pattern of cognitions characterised by a pervasive sense of hopelessness; that life was ‘unbearable’, problems were ‘unsolvable’, and the suicidal person was ‘unlovable’. Analysis of Variance suggested that the intensity of these cognitions were strongly differentiated by depression severity, though the causal nature of the relationship between cognitive and affective states was difficult to determine. Binary Logistic Regression helped formulate a tentative risk prediction model of suicidality, organised around the traits of hopelessness, low resilience, and neurotic personality-type. Clinical implications of the findings are discussed, alongside suggestions for future research on patterns of suicidality and cognition. Chapter 3 recounts my reflections on the research process and its influence on my personal and professional development. This discussion is framed around Beck’s cognitive triad; reflections linked with my ‘self’, the world in which I live and work, and my future-outlook.
45
Phillips, Debra Joan. "A narrative of the imagined future : How art-making displaced a narrative of suicidality." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2020. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/9578480e9b5cd3bdd1fc21c262c06ac9b498857a509968c3d811fbfe01f3ec60/32731502/Phillips_2020_A_narrative_of_the_imagined_future.pdf.
Abstract:
This interdisciplinary and autoethnographic PhD by creative project examines the experience of halted suicide on the part of the researcher, an “invisible woman” raised to set aside her wants to satisfy others’ needs. The inquiry examines the researcher’s engagement with artmaking in order to manage her ongoing suicidality and analyses some of her resulting artworks, which might be described as examples of “Outsider art”.
Drawing on perspectives from philosophy, theology, psychology, art therapy and the interdisciplinary field of narrative studies, the project identifies three key factors pertinent to the researcher’s experience of halted suicide and subsequently managing suicidality. The first is the role of spirituality and the experience of epiphany or “prophetic call”. The second is a “narrative of the imagined future”. This refers to the need for people experiencing suicidality to make use of the imaginative resources generated by their depression to create a new story about their future self and life. The third factor is “radical courage”, a term adapted from the philosopher Jonathan Lear’s notion of “radical hope”. This refers to a steadfast, resolute determination to choose life over death, and to move towards the realisation of an alternative future in concrete, moment-by-moment ways.
Art-making services a number of roles in this doctoral project. In the first place, the researcher uses a series of artworks as autoethnographic sources. These chiefly take the form of watercolours and collages, most produced in visual diaries with the aim of recording states of mind and being over time. Those works produced before the doctoral project began have been subjected to close analysis in order to provide details of the researcher’s subjective experience, and thus evidence of her autoethnographic findings. The researcher has also produced a body of work during this project as a form of autoethnographic inquiry in its own right. In this case, she has consciously explored concepts in visual form and subjected the resulting images to techniques of visual analysis with the aim of deepening her autoethnographic insights.
In addition, to this art-making, the researcher has produced a body of paintings exhibited to the public. The purpose here has been to communicate her findings in visual form, supplementing and providing an alternative to the discussion in this thesis. The exhibited paintings also provide a reflexive demonstration of the process of imagining a new, future-oriented self-narrative and then exercising the courage required to bring it into life whilst also explaining how the three key factors mentioned above are layered together in the works.
The value of this doctoral project lies firstly in demonstrating the value of first-person and autoethnographic accounts for understanding suicidality, particularly those from “invisible women” whose perspectives remain under-represented in sociological and psychological literature. The project draws attention to another under-researched topic: the relationship between spirituality and the ability to halt a suicide. The project emphasises the power of imagining a new future-oriented self-narrative, and the courageous process involved in bringing that imagined narrative into being through small, incremental actions in the present. Art-making practices are also explored, particularly those by people with no formal art training who produce “Outsider art”. Finally, in using artwork and techniques of visual analysis in multiple ways, the project has value for those interested in the multi-faceted and unconventional methods associated with art-based ethnographic inquiry.
46
Glover, Liesl Lin. "Clinician Trainees Physiological Reactivity, Perceived Stress, and Self-Efficacy In Response to Client Suicidality." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1414154478.
47
Simmons, Zachary Alan. "Insomnia Symptom Severity is Associated with Increased Suicidality and Suicide in a Psychiatric Sample." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9076.
Abstract:
Insomnia is a risk factor for suicidal behavior including attempts and suicide. We investigated whether insomnia symptom severity predicted suicidality and suicide in an at-risk sample. The sample included deceased psychiatric patients seen at Weber Human Services since 2008 (N=180) who completed the Outpatient Questionnaire-45.2 (OQ) prior to death. Insomnia symptom severity was assessed using item 41 from the OQ. Manner of death was determined by death records and autopsy reports. History of suicidal ideation and prior suicide attempts were determined through review of electronic medical records. Cases were grouped into 4 categories: no history of suicidality (n = 30), history of suicidal ideation (n = 36), suicide attempt history (n = 95), and death by suicide (n = 19). Insomnia symptom severity was compared across groups using linear regression. Logistic regression was used to determine whether OQ reported insomnia symptom severity predicted suicide, adjusting for psychiatric disorders. Compared to the non-suicidal group, the suicide attempt and the suicide groups reported significantly higher insomnia symptom severity, OR=3.52, p=0.001 and OR=6.53, p<0.001, respectively. Greater insomnia symptom severity reported on the OQ was a significant predictor of suicide attempt and suicide, OR=2.67, p=0.011 and OR=5.53, p=0.002, respectively, even after adjusting psychiatric diagnoses. Results suggest that insomnia symptoms are more strongly associated with suicidal behavior than suicidal ideation. The presence of insomnia symptoms in psychiatric patients may indicate risk for suicidal behavior and is a target for suicide prevention.
48
Sirovica, Elvira, and Ann-Catherine Martinelle. "”Du kan göra skillnad i människors liv utan att ha en aning om det” : En kvalitativ studie om några socialsekreterares syn på suicidalitet." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete - Socialhögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-80663.
Abstract:
During 2010, 1446 people committed suicide in Sweden. Research shows that groups that are less favored in society have an increased risk of suicide. Social services often encounter groups of people that have a high risk of suicide, for instance welfare recipients or substance abusers. The purpose of this study was to shed light on how social workers talk about suicide and how this might affect interactions with suicidal clients. The study is based on qualitative interviews with five social workers in Stockholm. The results were analyzed using the theory of professional discretion and the perspective of existentialism. The most important results were that social workers do not think that they can help suicidal clients on their own, instead they need psychiatric help. Meeting with suicidal clients raises a lot of feelings and one way to cope with this is by distancing oneself from the client. The study also showed that suicide is a complex issue and it can be hard to find a position between the human right of autonomy and the will to help people. Continuity was viewed as an important factor, but due to the work load it can be hard to follow up these clients.
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Fors, Christin, and Lena Nilsson. "Skolsocialt arbete med suicidalitet : Möjligheter, hinder och vikten av samverkan utifrån kvalitativa intervjuer med skolkuratorer." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-20049.
Abstract:
Detta examensarbete syftar till att genom kvalitativa intervjuer undersöka skolkuratorers uppfattningar om och erfarenheter av skolsocialt arbete med suicidalitet hos elever. Två frågor har ställts. Den första frågan handlar om skolkuratorers uppfattningar och erfarenheter av suicidalitet hos elever. Resultatet visar att suicidalitet uppfattas vara ovanligt förekommande bland de elever skolkuratorerna har kontakt med, trots att erfarenheter av självmordstankar, självmordsförsök och självmord finns. Stress, psykisk ohälsa och svåra livssituationer ses vara bidragande orsaker till suicidalitet hos elever. Den andra frågan handlar om hur skolkuratorer beskriver det praktiska arbetet med suicidalitet hos elever. Resultatet visar att även om det i arbetet finns möjligheter att upptäcka och arbeta med suicidala elever är dessa möjligheter begränsade. Skolkuratorerna saknar i hög utsträckning suicidpreventiva instrument för att upptäcka och arbeta med suicidalitet i skolan. Istället beskrivs relationer med elever, samt internt samarbete med andra personalgrupper i skolan, utgöra grunden för arbetet med suicidalitet.This study aims to examine school social workers perceptions and experiences of school social work with suicidality among students. To fulfill this purpose, six qualitative interviews have been made and two questions have been asked. The first question we asked was what kind of perceptions and experiences school social workers have when it comes to suicidality among adolescents in school. The second question we asked was how school social workers describe their practical work with students who are suicidal. The result shows that even though there are experiences of students who have suicidal thoughts, students who have made suicide attempts and students who have committed suicide, suicidality among students is something that is perceived as rare among the school social workers. Stress, mental health problems and difficult life situations is seen to be contributing causes of this phenomena. The result also shows, that school social workers in some ways have the ability to discover and work with students who are suffering from suicidality. However, these possibilities are also limited. School social workers experience a lack of instruments to detect suicide and to be able to work with suicidality in school. Instead, school social workers describes relationships and collaboration with both students and with other groups of staff in school as the primary basis for their work with suicidality among students.
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McKay, William L. "Hope and suicide resilience in the prediction and explanation of suicidality experiences in university students." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456285751&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.