Journal articles on the topic 'Sugar reduction program'
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Eyles, Helen, Kathy Trieu, Yannan Jiang, and Cliona Ni Mhurchu. "Reducing children's sugar intake through food reformulation: methods for estimating sugar reduction program targets, using New Zealand as a case study." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 111, no. 3 (December 27, 2019): 622–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz313.
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ABSTRACT Background Reducing sugar in packaged foods and beverages could help protect children's future health. Clear methods for the development of feasible yet impactful sugar reduction program targets are needed. Objectives To outline methods for the development of program targets that would reduce, by 20%, the total sugar content of packaged foods and beverages commonly consumed by children. New Zealand (NZ) is used as a case study. Methods Sugar content and pack size targets were developed using a 6-step process informed by the UK sugar and salt reduction programs. Food groups contributing ≥2% to children's total sugar intake were identified using national dietary survey data. Consumption volume, sugar content, and pack size were obtained from household panel data linked with a packaged food composition database. Category-specific targets were set as 20% reductions in sales-weighted means adjusted for feasibility, i.e., ∼1/3 of products already meeting the target, and alignment with existing, relevant targets. Results Twenty-two food groups were identified as major contributors to NZ children's total sugar intake. Mean reductions required in sugar content and pack size to meet the targets were 5.2 g per 100 g/mL (26%) and 61.2 g/mL/pack (23%), respectively. The percentage of products already meeting the sugar targets ranged from 14% for electrolyte drinks and flavored dairy milk to 50% for cereal bars, and for pack size targets compliance ranged from 32% for chocolate confectionary to 62% for fruit juices and drinks. Estimated reductions in annual household sugar purchases if the sugar and pack size targets were met were 1459 g (23%) and 286 g (6%), respectively. Conclusions Methods for the development of sugar and pack size reduction targets are presented, providing a robust, step-by-step process for countries to follow. The results of the case study provide a suggested benchmark for a potential national sugar reduction program in NZ.
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Kim, Mi-Hyun, J. Yeon, and N. Kim. "Development and Evaluation of the Children’s Sugar Intake Reduction Program." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 48, no. 7 (July 2016): S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2016.04.197.
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Al-Jawaldeh, Ayoub, Mandy Taktouk, Sally Naalbandian, Hassan Aguenaou, Nawal Al Hamad, Salima Almamary, Hend Ali Al-Tamimi, et al. "Sugar Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review." Nutrients 15, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15010055.
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This systematic review aims to identify and characterize existing national sugar reduction initiatives and strategies in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. For this purpose, a systematic review of published and grey literature was performed. A comprehensive list of search terms in the title/abstract/keyword fields was used to cover the four following concepts (1) sugar, (2) reduction OR intake, (3) policy and (4) EMR countries. A total of 162 peer-reviewed documents were identified, until the 2nd of August 2022. The key characteristics of the identified national strategies/initiatives included the average sugar intake of each country’s population; sugar levels in food products/beverages; implementation strategies (taxation; elimination of subsidies; marketing regulation; reformulation; consumer education; labeling; interventions in public institution settings), as well as monitoring and evaluation of program impact. Twenty-one countries (95%) implemented at least one type of sugar reduction initiatives, the most common of which was consumer education (71%). The implemented fiscal policies included sugar subsidies’ elimination (fourteen countries; 67%) and taxation (thirteen countries 62%). Thirteen countries (62%) have implemented interventions in public institution settings, compared to twelve and ten countries that implemented food product reformulation and marketing regulation initiatives, respectively. Food labeling was the least implemented sugar reduction initiative (nine countries). Monitoring activities were conducted by four countries only and impact evaluations were identified in only Iran and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Further action is needed to ensure that countries of the region strengthen their regulatory capacities and compliance monitoring of sugar reduction policy actions.
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Arenaza, Lide, María Medrano, Maddi Oses, Maria Amasene, Ignacio Díez, Beatriz Rodríguez-Vigil, and Idoia Labayen. "The Effect of a Family-Based Lifestyle Education Program on Dietary Habits, Hepatic Fat and Adiposity Markers in 8–12-Year-Old Children with Overweight/Obesity." Nutrients 12, no. 5 (May 16, 2020): 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12051443.
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Healthy lifestyle education programs are recommended for obesity prevention and treatment. However, there is no previous information on the effects of these programs on the reduction of hepatic fat percentage. The aims were (i) to examine the effectiveness of a 22-week family-based lifestyle education program on dietary habits, and (ii) to explore the associations of changes in dietary intake with percent hepatic fat reduction and adiposity in children with overweight/obesity. A total of 81 children with overweight/obesity (aged 10.6 ± 1.1 years, 53.1% girls) and their parents attended a 22-week family based healthy lifestyle and psychoeducational program accompanied with (intensive group) or without (control) an exercise program. Hepatic fat (magnetic resonance imaging), adiposity (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) and dietary habits (two non-consecutive 24 h-recalls) were assessed before and after the intervention. Energy (p < 0.01) fat (p < 0.01) and added sugar (p < 0.03) intake were significantly reduced in both groups at the end of the program, while, in addition, carbohydrates intake (p < 0.04) was reduced exclusively in the control group, and simple sugar (p < 0.05) and cholesterol (p < 0.03) intake was reduced in the exercise group. Fruit (p < 0.03) and low-fat/skimmed dairy consumption (p < 0.02), the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and teenagers (KIDMED, p < 0.01) and breakfast quality index (p < 0.03) were significantly higher in both control and intervention groups after the intervention. Moreover, participants in the exercise group increased the adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet (p < 0.001), whereas the ratio of evening-morning energy intake was significantly lower exclusively in the control group after the program (p < 0.02). Changes in energy intake were significantly associated with changes in fat mass index (FMI) in the exercise group, whereas changes in sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption was associated with percent hepatic fat reduction (p < 0.05) in the control group. A 22-week family-based healthy lifestyle program seems to be effective on improving diet quality and health in children with overweight/obesity and these should focus on SSB avoidance and physical activity.
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Nicklas, Theresa A., Joan E. Forcier, Rosanne P. Farris, Sandra MacD Hunter, Larry S. Webber, and Gerald S. Berenson. "Heart Smart School Lunch Program: A Vehicle for Cardiovascular Health Promotion." American Journal of Health Promotion 4, no. 2 (November 1989): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-4.2.91.
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In response to current dietary recommendations, the “Heart Smart” School Lunch Program has developed a model using the classroom to transfer knowledge and the school lunch program to facilitate cardiovascular healthy eating behavior. Dietary changes focus on reduction in sodium, fat (specifically saturated fat), and sugar in school lunches. Strategies to institutionalize these dietary changes comprise five major areas within quantity food production: menu planning, food purchasing, recipe modification, food preparation, and food production techniques. These recommendations could be applied for use in school health promotion programs throughout the nation.
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Gudzune, Kimberly A., Onumara Opara, Jonathan C. Martinez, Ruchi S. Doshi, David M. Levine, Carl A. Latkin, and Jeanne M. Clark. "Social Network Intervention Reduces Added Sugar Intake Among Baltimore Public Housing Residents: A Feasibility Study." Nutrition and Metabolic Insights 13 (January 2020): 117863882090932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178638820909329.
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Public housing residents have high intake of added sugars, which is associated with sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in their social networks. In this feasibility study, we designed and tested a network-oriented intervention to decrease added sugar intake by encouraging reduced SSB consumption. We conducted a 6-month single-arm trial testing a small-group curriculum (9 sessions) that combined behavior change strategies to reduce added sugar intake by promoting SSB reduction with a peer outreach approach. We recruited and trained public housing residents to be “Peer Educators,” who then communicated information and made changes to reduce SSB with their network members. We calculated the median number of group sessions attended and determined the percentage of individuals satisfied with the program. We estimated added sugar intake using a 5-factor dietary screener and compared baseline and 6-month median values using Wilcoxon signed rank tests. We recruited 17 residents and 17 of their network members (n = 34). Mean age was 45.7 years, 79.4% were women, and 97.1% were African American. Median number of sessions attended was 9 (interquartile range: 4-9), and 88.2% were very satisfied with the program. Overall, baseline median added sugar intake was 38.0 tsp/day, which significantly declined to 17.2 tsp/day at 6 months ( P < .001). Residents and network members achieved similar results at 6 months (17.4 vs 16.9 tsp/day, respectively). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that a social network intervention aimed at reducing SSB consumption is feasible and can produce significant decreases in adult added sugar intake, which warrants further investigation in a randomized controlled trial.
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Yanti, Sri, Nedi Hendri, and Jawoto Nusantoro. "ANALISIS AKUNTANSI LINGKUNGAN PADA PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH SEBAGAI SALAH SATU BENTUK TANGGUNG JAWAB CSR SOSIAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PT SUGAR GROUP COMPANIES." Jurnal Akuntansi AKTIVA 2, no. 1 (October 13, 2021): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/akuntansi.v2i1.862.
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This study aims to determine environmental accounting for waste management as a form of social CSR responsibility in PT Sugar Group Companies. This type of research is descriptive research. Data analysis of Miles and Huberman's model, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing / verification. The results of this study indicate that the application of environmental accounting to waste management at PT Sugar Group Companies has been carried out well. However, environmental costs are not measured in detail, such as the cost of implementing labor and the cost of water and electricity which are totaled in terms of production activities. PT Sugar Group Companies have run a CSR program better known as PKBL (Partnership and Community Development Program), PKBL is carried out in a series of planned and measured activities.
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Cari Huanca, Gloria. "Intervention program: integral diet and physical exercise in the reduction of anthropometric parameters in Salvador de Bahia-Brasil." Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana 22, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v22i1.4338.
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Introduction: High rates in anthropometric parameters such as excess weight, body fat, visceral fat, hypertension generate serious problems that affect the health of the general population. Objective: To identify the effects produced by the intervention program "integral diet and physical exercise" on anthropometric parameters and blood pressure in a community in Salvador de Bahia. Methodology: Experimental intervention study lasting 40 days in which 31 adults participated, carried out in a neighborhood of the municipality of Salvador (Bahia), Brazil. The study consisted of administering a comprehensive diet based on whole grains, oilseeds, legumes, fruits, vegetables and total abstinence from foods of animal origin, refined, industrialized flours, sugar, following the "Healthy Plate" and Physical Exercise model. Results: The participants who followed the program of integral diet and physical exercise, obtained significant changes in the anthropometric values (weight, BMI, waist contour, percentage of body fat, abdominal fat, biological age, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, (p <0.01), body mass did not show significant changes (p <0.57). Conclusion: The intervention program with a comprehensive plant-based diet and physical exercise can reduce the rates of obesity, abdominal fat, anthropometric perimeters and blood pressure and contribute to reducing potential problems of chronic non-communicable diseases.
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Sanjeevi, Namrata. "Impact of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Benefit Reduction or Loss on Food-at-Home Acquisitions and Community Food Program Use." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 16, 2021): 12004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212004.
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Since Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits are vital for food-at-home (FAH) acquisitions among participating families, changes in participation or benefit amounts may impact FAH purchase and use of community-based food programs (CFP). The association of the loss of or a reduction in SNAP benefits with FAH acquisitions and CFP use was assessed using 2012–2013 National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey data. Households with incomes equal to or below 130% of the Federal Poverty Level were categorized as (1) current SNAP households, (2) households with benefit loss in the preceding year, or (3) households with benefit loss for more than a year. Current SNAP households were classified as receiving (1) lesser-than-usual benefits or (2) usual benefits. Regression analyses examined associations of the loss of or a reduction in benefits with the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores of FAH purchases and CFP use. Benefit loss in the preceding year was related to a lower total HEI-2015 score for FAH acquisitions, whereas benefit reduction was associated with lower green/bean and added sugar scores and increased CFP use. This study suggests that the loss of or a reduction in SNAP benefits may adversely impact the quality of FAH purchases. The findings also suggest that efforts enhancing the nutrition environment of community food sources could support healthy food acquisition by families experiencing benefit reduction.
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Parés Viader, Raimon, Maiken Søe Holmstrøm Yde, Jens Winther Hartvig, Marcus Pagenstecher, Jacob Bille Carlsen, Troels Balmer Christensen, and Mogens Larsen Andersen. "Optimization of Beer Brewing by Monitoring α-Amylase and β-Amylase Activities during Mashing." Beverages 7, no. 1 (March 2, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages7010013.
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(1) Background: In the current highly competitive brewing industry, most breweries may benefit from a reduction in mashing time. In this study, a novel enzymatic assay format was used to investigate the activities of α-amylase and β-amylase during different mashing profiles, with the aim to use it as a tool for optimizing the production time of an existing industrial mashing process; (2) Methods: Lab-scale mashings with eight different time-temperature programs and two different pilot brews were analyzed in terms of enzymatic activity, sugar composition, alcohol by volume in the final beer, FAN and others; (3) Results: A 20-min reduction (out of an original 73-min mashing program) was achieved by selecting a temperature profile which maintained a higher enzymatic activity than the original, without affecting the wort sugar composition and fermentability, or the ethanol concentration and foam stability of the final beer. (4) Conclusions: A method is presented which can be used by breweries to optimize their mashing profiles based on monitoring α-amylase and β-amylase activities.
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McKinley, Catherine E., and Katherine P. Theall. "Weaving Healthy Families Program: Promoting Resilience While Reducing Violence and Substance Use." Research on Social Work Practice 31, no. 5 (March 18, 2021): 476–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731521998441.
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Purpose: We examine pilot results for the culturally adapted Weaving Healthy Families (WHF) program to promote resilience and wellness while preventing substance abuse and violence among Native American (NA) families. Methods: Results were drawn from paired sample t tests and analyses of variance (ANOVA) with a convenience sample of 24 adults and adolescents from eight NA families (pretest, posttest, and, where available, 6-month postintervention). Results: Along with substance abuse reduction and prevention, t test results indicated reductions in (a) adult depressive symptoms and improvements in adult conflict resolution and health behaviors; (b) adolescent wellness; and (c) adult and adolescent resilience, communal mastery, social support, and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. ANOVA tests revealed reductions in adult psychological and physical violence and improvements in adult and adolescent family resilience, family environment, and emotional regulation. Conclusions: Results reveal promising preliminary results for the WHF program to promote resilience and thriving while reducing risk for substance abuse and violence in NA families.
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Bernstein, Jodi T., Anthea K. Christoforou, Madyson Weippert, and Mary R. L’Abbé. "Reformulation of sugar contents in Canadian prepackaged foods and beverages between 2013 and 2017 and resultant changes in nutritional composition of products with sugar reductions." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 16 (July 8, 2020): 2870–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980020001159.
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AbstractObjective:To quantify total sugar reformulation in Canadian prepackaged foods and beverages between 2013 and 2017 and identify changes in the nutritional composition of the foods and beverages reformulated to be lower in total sugar.Design:Longitudinal examination of foods and beverages present in both 2013 and 2017 collections of the University of Toronto’s Food Label Information Program database (n 6628 matched products). The proportion of products with changes in sugar levels was determined. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to examine changes in sugar levels overall for products lower or higher in sugar and changes in nutrient composition for products lower in sugar.Setting:Largest grocery retailers by market share in Canada.Participants:Canadian prepackaged foods and beverages.Results:The majority (76·6 %) of products had no change in total sugar content, 12·4 % were reformulated to be lower in sugar and 11·0 % were higher in sugar. A median sugar reduction of 19·0 % (1·6 g) was seen among products lower in sugar which was offset by a median 18·0 % (1·5 g) increase among products higher in sugar. Overall, median levels of energies and other nutrients stayed the same or decreased among products reformulated to be lower in sugar, the exception was for starch, which increased.Conclusions:Limited progress was made to reformulate foods and beverages to be lower in total sugar between 2013 and 2017. Results from this study identify areas in the food supply where attention may be needed to avoid unintended consequences of sugar-focused reformulation in terms of overall nutritional composition.
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Strausbaugh, Carl A., Imad Eujayl, Eugene Rearick, Paul Foote, and Dave Elison. "Sugar Beet Cultivar Evaluation for Storability and Rhizomania Resistance." Plant Disease 93, no. 6 (June 2009): 632–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-6-0632.
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To reduce storage losses and improve resistance to rhizomania caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), studies were initiated to establish a storage cultivar selection program. In 2006 and 2007, 30 or more commercial sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) cultivars were grown in soil naturally infested with BNYVV. At harvest, two root samples from each plot were collected and used to establish percent sugar. Additional samples were placed on top of an indoor pile (set point 1.7°C) and inside an outdoor pile in a randomized complete block design with four replications. After 142 and 159 days in indoor storage, sucrose reduction ranged from 13 to 90% in 2007 and 57 to 100% in 2008. Outdoor storage sucrose reduction ranged from 13 to 32% in 2007 and 28 to 60% in 2008. An average of 31 and 45% of the root surface was covered with fungal growth in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Cultivars that retained the most sucrose had resistance to BNYVV and the least fungal growth and weight loss. Indoor storage with BNYVV-infested roots allowed for the most consistent cultivar separation and will potentially lead to selection of cultivars for improved storability and rhizomania resistance.
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Morton, Darren, Paul Rankin, Lillian Kent, Rex Sokolies, Wayne Dysinger, John Gobble, and Hans Diehl. "The Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) And Reduction of Chronic Disease Risk Factors in Canada." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 75, no. 2 (July 2014): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/75.2.2014.72.
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Purpose: The short-term effectiveness of the nutrition-centred Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) lifestyle intervention for improving selected chronic disease risk factors was examined in the Canadian setting. Methods: A total of 1003 people (aged 56.3 ± 12.1 years, 68% female) were self-selected to participate in one of 27 CHIP interventions hosted in community settings by Seventh-day Adventist churches throughout Canada, between 2005 and 2011. The program centred on the promotion of a whole-food, plant-based eating pattern, and daily physical activity was also encouraged. Biometric measures, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), blood lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar (FBS), were determined at program entry and 30 days into the intervention. Results: Over 30 days, significant overall reductions (P<0.001) were recorded in the participants’ BMI (-3.1%), systolic BP (-7.3%), diastolic BP (-4.3%), total cholesterol ([TC] -11.3%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ([LDL-C] -12.9%), triglycerides ([TG] -8.2%), and FBS (-7.0%). Participants with the highest classifications of TC, LDL-C, TG, and FBS at program entry experienced approximately 20% reductions in these measures in 30 days. Conclusions: The CHIP intervention, which centres on a whole-food, plant-based eating pattern, can lead to rapid and meaningful reductions in chronic disease risk factors in the Canadian context.
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Connelly, Jeneene, Cristina Palacios, Adriana Campa, Nicholas Gonzalez, Karla De La Torre, and Xavier Panchana. "Sodium and Sugar Intake Comparison Among Participants of the USDA National School Lunch Program Versus Non-Participants Based on 2015–2016 NHANES Survey." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_023.
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Abstract Objectives The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) surveys the overall health and well-being of participants nationwide. To address rising obesity rates in the US, the USDA implemented revisions in 2010 to the NSLP targeting sodium and sugar intake reduction. Our objective was to compare intake of sodium and sugar between NSLP participants and non-NSLP participants. Methods Data from 2015–2016 NHANES survey were analyzed, which is after the implementations of the USDA revisions. All children (4–15 years) with two 24-hr dietary recalls were included. Mean intake for sugar and sodium were computed between the 2 recalls. NSLP participants were those who reported 2–5 school lunches per week whereas those reporting one school lunch per week or none were considered as not participating. Analyses were stratified by the following ages groups: 4–8y; 9–13y; and 14–15y. ANCOVA, adjusted for gender, was used to compare normalized intakes of sugar and sodium. Results A total of 1370 children were included (49% were females). Sugar intake was similar between NSLP or non-NSLP participants in children 4–8y. In children 9–13y, sugar intake was higher in NSLP participants (101 ± 2.31 g/d) versus non-NSLP participants (95.2 ± 1.94 g/d; P = 0.010) but lower in children 14–15y in NSLP participants (95.7 ± 2.44 g/d) versus non-NSLP participants (106 ± 2.67 g/d; P = 0.022). Sodium intake was higher in NSLP participants (2731 ± 8.64 mg/d) versus non-NSLP participants (2583 ± 9.69 mg/d; P = 0.020) in children 4–8y and also in children 9–13y (NSLP participants 3097 ± 10.4 mg/d; non-NSLP participants 2852 ± 8.07; P < 0.001) but only lower among NSLP participants (3102 ± 10.3 mg/d) versus non-NSLP participants (3240 ± 12.4 mg/d; P = 0.002) in children 14–15y. Conclusions The effects of the new NSLP recommendations are conflicting compared with children not participating in the program. Sugar and sodium intakes were generally higher among NSLP participants between the ages of 9–13 years old. This suggests that despite recommendations to reduce sodium and sugar intake among school children, these nutrients might still be of concern. In short, this study indicates that a greater investment on education is needed and that further research should assess the effect of changes on NSLP recommendations through time. Funding Sources Florida International University.
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Kumar, Vipan, and Prashant Jha. "Control of Volunteer Glyphosate-Resistant Canola in Glyphosate-Resistant Sugar Beet." Weed Technology 29, no. 1 (March 2015): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-14-00059.1.
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Occurrence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) canola volunteers in GR sugar beet is a management concern for growers in the Northern Great Plains. Field experiments were conducted at the Southern Agricultural Research Center near Huntley, MT, in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate effective herbicide programs to control volunteer GR canola in GR sugar beet. Single POST application of triflusulfuron methyl alone at the two-leaf stage of sugar beet was more effective at 35 compared with 17.5 g ai ha−1. However, rate differences were not evident when triflusulfuron methyl was applied as a sequential POST (two-leaf followed by [fb] six-leaf stage of sugar beet) program (17.5 fb 17.5 or 35 fb 35 g ha−1). Volunteer GR canola plants in the sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl–containing treatments produced little biomass (11 to 15% of nontreated plots) but a significant amount of seeds (160 to 661 seeds m−2). Ethofumesate (4,200 g ai ha−1) PRE followed by sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl (17.5 or 35 g ha−1) provided effective control (94 to 98% at 30 d after treatment [DAT]), biomass reduction (97%), and seed prevention of volunteer GR canola. There was no additional advantage of adding either desmedipham + phenmedipham + ethofumesate premix (44.7 g ha−1) or ethofumesate (140 g ha−1) to the sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl–only treatments. The sequential POST ethofumesate-only (140 fb 140 g ha−1) treatment provided poor volunteer GR canola control at 30 DAT, and the noncontrolled plants produced 6,361 seeds m−2, which was comparable to the nontreated control (7,593 seeds m−2). Sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl–containing treatments reduced GR sugar beet root and sucrose yields to 18 and 20%, respectively. Consistent with GR canola control, sugar beet root and sucrose yields were highest (95 and 91% of hand-weeded plots, respectively) when the sequential POST triflusulfuron methyl–containing treatments were preceded by ethofumesate (4,200 g ha−1) PRE. Growers should utilize these effective herbicide programs to control volunteer GR canola in GR sugar beet. Because of high canola seed production potential, as evident from this research, control efforts should be aimed at preventing seed bank replenishment of the GR canola volunteers.
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Pylypenko, L., and K. Kalatur. "Breeding and usage of sugar beet cultivars and hybrids resistant to sugar beet nematode Heterodera schachtii." Agricultural Science and Practice 2, no. 1 (April 15, 2015): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp2.01.012.
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Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, 1871 is one of the most economically important pests of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) worldwide. It is also widespread in most sugar beet growing regions in Ukraine causing serious yield reduction and decreasing sugar content of sugar beet in infested fi elds. An advanced parasitic strategy of H. schachtii is employed to support nematode growth, reproduction and harmfulness. In intensive agriculture systems the nematode control measures heavily rely on nematicides and good agricultural practice (crop rota- tion in the fi rst place). But alternative strategies based on nematode resistant sugar beet cultivars and hybrids are required as none of nematicides approved for the open fi eld application are registered in Ukraine. Here we review the achievements and problems of breeding process for H. schachtii resistance and provide the results of national traditional breeding program. Since the beginning of 1980s fi ve sugar beet cultivars (Verchnyatskyi 103, Yaltuschkivska 30, Bilotcerkivska 45, BTs-40 and Yuvileynyi) and seventeen lines partly resistant or toler- ant to H. schachtii have been obtained throughout targeted crossing and progenies assessment in the infested fi elds. The further directions for better utilization of genetic sources for nematode resistance presented in na- tional gene bank collection are emphasized. There is a need for more accurate identifi cation of resistance genes, broader application of reliable molecular markers (suitable for marker-assisted selection of nematode resistant plants in the breeding process) and methods for genetic transformation of plants. Crop cash value and national production capacity should drive the cooperation in this fi eld. Knowledge as well as germplasm exchange are thereby welcomed that can benefi t breeding progress at national and international level.
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Mašán, Vladimír, Patrik Burg, Alice Čížková, Jaromír Skoupil, Pavel Zemánek, and Vladimir Višacki. "Effects of Irrigation and Fertigation on Yield and Quality Parameters of ’Gala‘ and ’Fuji‘ Apple." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 5 (2018): 1183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866051183.
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The climate change and growing production of crops increase the demand for the water and the efficient use of water in agriculture becomes more critical. This experiment presents the results of research in the orchard with different irrigation programs and fertigation on yield and quality parameters of the ’Gala‘ and ’Fuji‘ apple tree. Three irrigation programs were applied IR + F – full irrigation with fertigation; IR – full irrigation without fertigation; NON‑IR – non‑irrigation, only natural precipitations. There were no differences observed among these three irrigation programs for tree diameter, sugar content, starch content and fruits firmness (P < 0.05). Significant deficit of water was in program IR and NON‑IR, at the length of annual growth, where the reduction was from from 680 mm to 440 mm at the ‘GALA’ variety. Statistically important differences between the irrigation variants were found out at the variety ‘Fuji’, in parametres yield, fruit weight and fruit diameter. Between programs IR + F and NON‑IR was the difference of fruit weight 25.6 g (14.3 %) and of fruit diameter 4.5 mm (5.8 %).
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Judice, Wilson E., James L. Griffin, Curtis A. Jones, Luke M. Etheredge, and Michael E. Salassi. "Weed Control and Economics Using Reduced Tillage Programs in Sugarcane." Weed Technology 20, no. 2 (June 2006): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-05-094r.1.
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Tillage is used in sugarcane to control weeds, eliminate ruts caused by harvest, destroy residue from the previous crop, and incorporate fertilizer. The effect of weed control and tillage programs on sugarcane growth and yield and on economics was evaluated over two growing seasons. In the first study, weeds were effectively controlled with a March application of hexazinone at 0.59 kg ai/ha plus diuron at 2.10 kg ai/ha either banded or broadcast. When tillage of row shoulders and middles in March was eliminated, soil temperature in the sugarcane drill early in the season was equal to that where March tillage was performed. Sugarcane early and late season stalk population and sugarcane and sugar yield were each equivalent for the full season tillage (tillage of row shoulders and middles in March and in May) and the no-till programs. Elimination of a single tillage operation reduced cost $16.28/ha, and herbicide applied as a band rather than broadcast reduced cost $30.49/ ha. For the no-till program, with herbicide banded in March, net return was increased $32.56/ha. In a subsequent study conducted at five locations, weed control was excellent when either pendimethalin at 2.77 kg ai/ha plus metribuzin at 1.26 kg ai/ha or hexazinone plus diuron at 0.59 kg/ha and 2.10 kg/ha was used. When the March tillage was eliminated, sugar yield was increased 8.6% (620 kg/ ha), and net return was increased $152.68/ha compared with March tillage. When the May tillage was eliminated sugar yield was increased 8% (580 kg/ha), and net return was increased $143.88/ha compared with May tillage. A reduction in tillage cost accounted for only $16.28 of the increase in net return per hectare, with the remainder due to increased yield with the elimination of the tillage operation.
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Bremer, Molly C., Jamie M. Zoellner, Sarah A. Misyak, and Valisa E. Hedrick. "Dietary Intake Changes in Response to a Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Reduction Trial for Various Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Eligibility Groups." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 50, no. 9 (October 2018): 931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2018.07.010.
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Thiabpho, Charunee, Supranee Changbumrung, Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri, Bencha Yoddumnern-Attig, Patcharaporn Thaboot, Pattharawan Nissayan, and Karunee Kwanbunjan. "Intensive lifestyle modification program on weight loss and metabolic syndrome risk reduction among obese women in rural areas of Thailand." Journal of Health Research 32, no. 3 (May 14, 2018): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhr-05-2018-022.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the intensive lifestyle modification program on weight and metabolic syndrome risk reduction in rural obese women who have no underlying non-communicable diseases in Thailand. Design/methodology/approach A randomized controlled trial was conducted. In total, 60 healthy obese women aged 30-50 years were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention (n=30) or control (n=30) group after health screening. Tailored nutritional counseling, health education and exercise training were included in the lifestyle modification program. Behavioral modification techniques were also incorporated. The intervention was conducted weekly for the first eight weeks, then biweekly until week 16. Findings The student’s t-test was used to compare mean difference between groups. The total weight loss in the intervention group (n=29) was significantly higher, 7.6±2.9 kg, compared with the control group (n=30) who lost 0.7±1.4 kg (p<0.001). The intervention group lost weight 10.2 percent from baseline which was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures, fasting blood sugar, and waist circumference were significantly improved. Triglyceride levels slightly improved while high density lipoprotein cholesterol was slightly lowered. The intervention group showed a statistical reduction in abnormal components of metabolic syndrome compared with the control group, with the relative risk=0.24, 95% confidence interval=0.072-0.791, and p=0.018. Originality/value Compatibility of the program activities conducted by a health professional who had achieved healthy weight loss and accepted as a role model was a key to achieving effective weight loss and metabolic syndrome risk reduction in obese women in rural areas. The program should be integrated into the conventional practice of health care centers.
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Singh, Amit, Padmini Tekur, Kashinath Metri, Hemant Bhargav, Nagarathna Raghuram, and Nagendra Hongasandra Ramarao. "Effect of a Residential Integrated Yoga Program on Blood Glucose Levels, Physiological Variables, and Anti-Diabetic Medication Score of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study." Integrative Medicine International 4, no. 3-4 (April 4, 2018): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000487947.
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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly prevalent disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Yoga is a form of mind-body intervention shown to have a positive impact on several health conditions in both healthy and diseased patients. The present study is intended to assess the effects of the Residential Integrated Yoga Program (RIYP) on blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM. Material and Methods: Data of 598 (186 females) T2DM patients from a holistic health center in Bengaluru, India, who attended a 15-day RIYP between January 2013 and December 2015 was obtained retrospectively. Average age of the participants was 56.45 ± 11.02 years. All subjects underwent a 15-day RIYP which involved yoga-based lifestyle changes with components of regulated sleep, balanced diet, asanas, pranayama, relaxation techniques, meditations, yogic cleaning procedures, and tuning to the nature. Fasting and post-prandial blood sugar, medication score, symptom score, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate were assessed before and after intervention. Result: There was a significant decrease in fasting (p < 0.001) and post-prandial blood sugar levels (p < 0.001) along with a significant reduction in medication and symptom scores after 15 days of RIYP compared to baseline. Conclusion: The present study indicates that 2 weeks of a yoga-based residential program improves blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and medication score in patients with T2DM. However, further randomized controlled studies need to be performed in order to confirm the present findings.
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Erwan, Erwan, Muhammad Harun, and Muhammad Muhsinin. "The Honey Quality of Apis mellifera with Extrafloral Nectar in Lombok West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia." Journal of Science and Science Education 1, no. 1 (October 7, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jossed.v1i1.482.
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The purpose of the present study was to analyze Apis mellifera honey's quality given extrafloral nectar feed from Arenga pinnata sap and Cocus nucifera sap as stimulatory nutrition. The chemical compositions of honey, such as reducing sugar content, sucrose content, the acidity of honey, moisture content, and diastase enzyme activity, were measured. The comparison between A. mellifera honey's chemical compositions on Arenga pinnata sap and Cocus nucifera sap ware was analyzed using the student t-test (GraphPad Instant Statistical Program). The result from the analysis of reducing sugar content showed that the A. mellifera honey from Cocus nucifera sap (73.69± 0.21%) had a higher (P<0.05) than the Arenga pinnata sap (60.15±2.13%). The significant differences (P<0.05) in the acidity of A. mellifera honey from Arenga pinnata sap (43.00±7.48) compared with Cocus nucifera sap (22.00±2.14). The sucrose content, moisture content, and diastase enzyme activity were not significant differences between the A. mellifera honey from Arenga pinnata sap compared with the A. mellifera honey from Cocus nucifera sap. In conclusion, the chemical compositions of A. mellifera honey with extrafloral nectar (Arenga pinnata sap and Cocus nucifera sap) are good quality and indicate that the honey falls under the limits of international standards. The A. mellifera honey from Cocus nucifera sap has a higher sugar reduction content and lower acidity than the A. mellifera honey from Arenga pinnata sap
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Garnier, Sophie, Karine Vallée, Sophie Lemoine-Morel, Sandra Joffroy, Vicky Drapeau, Angelo Tremblay, Gérard Auneau, and Pascale Mauriège. "Food group preferences and energy balance in moderately obese postmenopausal women subjected to brisk walking program." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 40, no. 7 (July 2015): 741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2014-0453.
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The objective of the study was to examine the effects of a 16-week walking program on food group preferences and energy balance of sedentary, moderately obese (body mass index, 29–35 kg/m2), postmenopausal Caucasian women, aged 60 ± 5 years old. One hundred and fifty-six volunteers were subjected to 3 sessions/week of 45 min of walking at 60% of heart rate reserve. Total energy intake (TEI) and food group preferences (3-day dietary record), total energy expenditure (TEE, 3-day physical activity diary), cardiorespiratory fitness (2-km walking test), anthropometry, and body composition (bioelectrical impedance) were measured before and after walking. Data were statistically analyzed using an ANOVA with repeated measures on 1 factor (time). The modest increase in TEE of 151 ± 24 kcal/day (p < 0.0001) leads to body weight, fat mass losses, and waist girth reduction (p < 0.0001). TEI remained unchanged despite a slight decrease in carbohydrate intake and a minor increase in protein intake (p < 0.05). Analysis of food records revealed a decreased consumption of fruits (p < 0.05) and sweet and fatty foods (p < 0.01), but an increase in oil consumption (p < 0.0001) after walking. Women with the highest body weight loss showed the greatest reduction in the consumption of fruits, sugar, sweet foods, and fatty foods (p < 0.05). Women with the greatest fat mass loss showed the highest decrease in fatty food intake (p < 0.05). In conclusion, although our walking program changed some food group consumption patterns, body weight loss was primarily because of the increased TEE.
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West, Elisha G., Rebecca Lindberg, Kylie Ball, and Sarah A. McNaughton. "The Role of a Food Literacy Intervention in Promoting Food Security and Food Literacy—OzHarvest’s NEST Program." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 2197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082197.
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Food literacy interventions are widely implemented to improve the food security and health of low-socioeconomic adults. The purpose of this study was to conduct an inquiry into the value of OzHarvest’s six-week NEST (Nutrition Education and Skills Training) program in promoting food security and food literacy, and to identify the barriers and enablers that participants experienced in sustaining food security, and in utilising their food literacy skills beyond the program. A descriptive evaluation study with pre-post surveys (n = 21) and post-program interviews (n = 17) was conducted, with a convenience sample of NEST program participants living in Sydney, Newcastle, and Melbourne, Australia. Participants demonstrated improvements in food security status (p = 0.030), cooking confidence (p = 0.001), food preparation behaviours (p = 0.006), nutrition knowledge (p = 0.033), vegetable consumption (p = 0.043), and a reduction in intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (p = 0.017), and salty snack foods (p = 0.011). The interviews revealed that participants learned to stretch their food budgets and make meaningful changes to their food utilisation (a key dimension of food security). Interviews also identified enablers (e.g., social support) and barriers (e.g., health conditions) to achieving food security. Acknowledging the need for a multi-faceted approach that also addresses upstream determinants, interventions like NEST may play a role in promoting food security and food literacy.
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Mishchenko, Y. Н., and E. A. Zakharchenko. "The effect of green manures on weediness of sugar beet." Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Agronomy and Biology, no. 4(38) (December 25, 2019): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32845/agrobio.2019.4.6.
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Thіs study aimed to investigate the effect of aplying post-harvest green manure on weediness of sugar beet crop rotation. Post-harvest green manure were grown under the conditions of the Scientific Research and Production Complex (NNVK) of Sumy National Agrarian University (Ukraine, Sumy oblast, Sumy region) after harvesting winter wheat from August to October 2000‒2004. After the plowing of it in the following 2001‒2006, a hybrid of sugar beet Umansky FM-97 was grown according to the technologies recommended for the local area. Potential weediness was determined by washing seeds from the soil on sieves at the beginning of the growing season and before harvesting sugar beets, and the actual weediness ‒ by quantitative-weight method before plowing the green manure and into the main stages of growth and development of sugar beets.
The experimental plot had the least weediness under oilseed radish and the largest weediness under buckwheat as green manure. During growing seasons the radish oilseed formed good biomass and the number of weeds under its cover was noticeably reduced to 4.8 pieces/m2 and their mass ‒ to 21.8 g/m2. The findings obtained from statistic program showed the strongest correlation between the above-ground mass of radish and the number of weeds ‒ r = -0.55 and their weight ‒ r = -0.56. In the spring the amount of weed seeds under radish cover in the 0‒30 cm soil layer was reduced to 11.4 %, to 101 million units/ha, compared to the control without green manure. The impact factor of the effect of the radish biomass on the potential weediness was highest in all soil layers - within 70‒90 %. The biomass of radish decreased significantly the number of weeds in the sugar beet crops – by 39 to 19.2 pc/m2, and their weight ‒ by 23 % to 354 g/m2, compared to the control without green manure. Green radish oilseed mass had the greatest impact on reducing quantity of weeds – 67 % and their mass – 80 %. Radish cover provided the most significant reduction the potential weediness before harvesting sugar beets ‒ by 12 % in the 0-30 cm soil layer, compared to the control without green manure, where the amount of weed seeds was at 112 million units/ha. The inverse correlation of the radish biomass and the potential weediness at the time of sugar beet harvest was the closest ‒ r = -0.9.
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Orozco, Blanco, Napoleón Vicente, Zúniga González, and Carlos Alberto. "Environmental Bio Economic Impact in Nicaragua." Journal of Agricultural Studies 1, no. 2 (July 21, 2013): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v1i2.4033.
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In this article the Bio economy of power plants connected to the national interconnected system of Nicaragua is analyzed, through the study of environmental effects of greenhouse gases emissions from the use of solid biomass from sugarcane bagasse and oil to generate electricity. In addition, an analysis of Cost - Benefit of investments to the electricity generation using fossil fuel and bagasse is done. The Methodology EX-Ante Carbon-balance Tool (EX-ACT) was used; this methodology was proposed by the United Nations Organization for Food and Agriculture (FAO) to determine the overall greenhouse gases (GHG) emission balance. Additionally, the WinDASI program, also developed by FAO, was used for the Cost - Benefit Analysis of investment in power plants. Furthermore, we performed marginal costing GHG reduction. The results show, that all plants are sources of GHG emissions, however the impact of sugar mills is partially positive by reforestation components and annual crops. However, the component inputs had negative environmental and socially impact. In the case of thermal power generation plants based on petroleum connected to the national grid, they were found to be sources of greenhouse gases. The analysis of the Benefit Cost in their investment indicates that there is a positive financially impact except in ALBANISA power plant and sugar Mills power plants.
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Rauber, Suliane Beatriz, Henrique de Oliveira Castro, Alcyane Marinho, Joyce Bomfim Vicente, Henrique Lima Ribeiro, Luciana Zaranza Monteiro, Isabella Reis Praça, Herbert Gustavo Simoes, and Carmen Silvia Grubert Campbell. "Effects of a physical activity and nutritional intervention in overweight and obese children through an educational and recreational camp." Nutrition and Health 24, no. 3 (June 12, 2018): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0260106018771519.
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Background: Educational camps have hosted millions of children around the world. However, few studies have described their benefits on weight control and health promotion for overweight and obese children. Aim: To investigate the impact of a health educational program for children composed of 5 days of camp and a 12-week follow up on the physical activity level, sedentary behaviour, anthropometric data and food intake in overweight and obese children. Methods: 12 children attended the Health Educational Program for Children divided into two phases. Phase 1 consisted of pre-assessments and Phase 2 corresponded to 12 weeks of follow up. Physical activity level, sedentary behaviour and food intake were assessed throughout the questionnaire. Results: After the follow up, 25% of the children became active (>1500 and <3000 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks per week). In contrast, the number of sedentary children (<600 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks per week) decreased by 15% and insufficiently active (600–1500 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks per week) increased by 15%. The physical activity level of leisure time increased significantly throughout weekdays (26.0%) and weekends (14.1%) after the follow up compared to before the camp. Sedentary behaviour showed a significant reduction of 177.14 and 41.43 minutes on weekdays and weekends, respectively. Before the camp, the consumption of sugar and sweets was out of control (100% inadequate), and after the intervention, 58.4% started to consume these foods in a balanced way. Conclusions: The Health Educational Program for Children (5-day camp and the 12 weeks of follow up) contributed to an increase in the physical activity level and a reduction in the sedentary behaviour and anthropometric measures in overweight and obese children.
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Wilde, Parke Edward, Zach Conrad, Colin D. Rehm, Jennifer L. Pomeranz, Jose L. Penalvo, Frederick Cudhea, Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard, Martin O’Flaherty, Renata Micha, and Dariush Mozaffarian. "Reductions in national cardiometabolic mortality achievable by food price changes according to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) eligibility and participation." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 72, no. 9 (May 10, 2018): 817–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-210381.
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BackgroundSuboptimal diets are a major contributor to cardiometabolic disease (CMD) mortality, and substantial disparities exist for both dietary quality and mortality risk across income groups in the USA. Research is needed to quantify how food pricing policies to subsidise healthy foods and tax unhealthy foods could affect the US CMD mortality, overall and by Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) eligibility and participation.MethodsComparative risk analysis based on national data on diet (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2012) and mortality (mortality-linked National Health Interview Survey) and meta-analyses of policy-diet and diet-disease relationships.ResultsA national 10% price reduction on fruits, vegetables, nuts and whole grains was estimated to prevent 19 600 CMD deaths/year, including 2.6% (95% UI 2.4% to 2.8%) of all CMD deaths among SNAP participants, 2.7% (95% UI 2.4% to 3.0%) among SNAP-eligible non-participants and 2.6% (95% UI 2.4% to 2.8%) among SNAP-ineligible non-participants. Adding a national 10% tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and processed meats would prevent a total of 33 700 CMD deaths/year, including 5.9% (95% UI 5.4% to 7.4%) of all CMD deaths among SNAP participants, 4.8% (95% UI 4.4% to 5.2%) among SNAP-eligible non-participants and 4.1% (95% UI 3.8% to 4.5%) among SNAP-ineligible non-participants. Adding a SNAP-targeted 30% subsidy for the same healthy foods would offer the largest reductions in both CMD mortality and disparities.ConclusionNational subsidies for healthy foods and taxes on SSBs and processed meats would each reduce CMD mortality; taxes would also reduce CMD mortality more steeply for SNAP participants than for non-participants.
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Sidiq, Rapitos, John Amos, Widdefrita Widdefrita, Novelasari Novelasari, Evi Maria Silaban, Yannurdin Yannurdin, Suhaimi Suhaimi, and Mahaza Mahaza. "The Needs for Information and Education Media in Supporting Self-Management of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus." Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia 16, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v16i2.9774.
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that has very high morbidity and mortality rate. This disease cannot be cured but can be controlled with good self-management. This research supports the need for appropriate information and educational media in supporting self-management of patien with diabetes mellitus. This research is qualitative and quantitative. The sample of this study was 105 people with diabetes. Data collection was conducted from July to November 2019 at 7 Puskesmas in Padang City, namely: Nanggalo, Lapai, Alai, Andalas, Ambacang, Kuranji, and Pauh, with interview questions and interviews. Qualitative data processing techniques with coding and data validity by triangulation and analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and analysis. Quantitative data analysis uses SEM (Structural Equation Model) analysis with the Lisrel 8.7 program. The results showed that the informants were elderly (56-65 years), 60% had good self-management quality, 65% actively participated in chronic disease management programs, 49.5 did not have cellphones. All aspects of self-management, namely blood sugar testing, physical exercise, taking medicine, diet and health education, can be used as educational material. Research information shows the fact most still need information about self-management of diabetics and in the form of conventional media. Informants who use phones that are approved for Android-based self-management applications.
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Gadoury, David M., Robert C. Seem, Roger C. Pearson, Wayne F. Wilcox, and Richard M. Dunst. "Effects of Powdery Mildew on Vine Growth, Yield, and Quality of Concord Grapes." Plant Disease 85, no. 2 (February 2001): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.2.137.
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Vitis labruscana ‘Concord’ is a widely planted grape cultivar grown in the United States for processing into juice and other products. Concord fruit are sporadically but sometimes severely damaged by the grape powdery mildew pathogen, Uncinula necator. The effects of powdery mildew on vine growth, yield, and quality of Concord grapes at three levels of cropping intensity commonly found in commercial grape production were determined in vineyard studies. Top-wire cordon-trained Concord vines were balance pruned, pruned to retain 80 nodes, or minimally pruned. Replicated plots of the foregoing were then either protected from powdery mildew by regular fungicide applications, or were inoculated and left unsprayed. Over a 4-year period, the effects of foliar infection on vine growth, yield, and juice quality of unsprayed vines were compared with vines that received a conventional protection program of four fungicide applications. Failure to control powdery mildew resulted in a chronic reduction in wood maturity measured as the number of nodes on canes that developed periderm. The reduction in nodes did not reduce yield, possibly due to compensation in shoots produced from the remaining nodes. Powdery mildew did not affect bud survival or vigor, measured as the number of shoots produced per node on retained canes. The most significant effects of powdery mildew were on berry sugar levels and juice color and acidity, which on the unsprayed vines were sometimes reduced below minimally acceptable thresholds for processed grapes. Significant reductions due to powdery mildew in these parameters occurred in all three pruning treatments, but were most pronounced at higher cropping levels.
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Namayengo, Faith M., Gerrit Antonides, and Francesco Cecchi. "Microcredit and Food Security: Evidence from Rural Households in Uganda." Journal of African Economies 27, no. 4 (January 17, 2018): 457–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejx043.
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Abstract This study investigates the effect of participation into a microcredit program on household food security parameters of female borrowers in a rural setting in Uganda. We explore the modes of food acquisition, dietary diversity, caloric and protein intake, and qualitative food insecurity measures for different categories of respondents. We conduct a cross-sectional analysis comparing old clients to newly registered first time borrowers. Next, we compare first time borrowers and non-borrowers using a panel design. While the cross-sectional analysis allows the comparison of women that similarly self-selected into borrowing, the panel analysis complements by providing insights into changes of food security parameters. In both cases, we use Kernel matching, or difference-in-difference with Kernel matching, to control for potential bias in observables, and perform a sensitivity analysis with respect to unobservables using Rosenbaum bounds as well as an individual fixed effects panel analysis. Results show a decline in food security following the uptake of microcredit. In particular, the analysis reveals robustly lower dietary diversity among long-time borrowers than new borrowers, and larger reductions in dietary diversity scores among new borrowers, after 1 year, compared to controls. The reduction in dietary diversity was traced to a reduction in animal-source food, fruit and sugar intake. We find indicative evidence that this is partly explained by a shift from own production to reliance on food purchase by households. Other household members relegating the burden of food provision to women after borrowing may also help explain the observed result.
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Cuffey, Joel, Timothy KM Beatty, and Lisa Harnack. "The potential impact of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) restrictions on expenditures: a systematic review." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 17 (December 9, 2015): 3216–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015003511.
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AbstractObjectiveTo systematically review the potential impact of reducing the set of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)-eligible foods (e.g. not allowing purchase of sugar-sweetened beverages with SNAP benefits) on expenditures for restricted foods.DesignThe impact on food expenditures of a $US 1 reduction in available SNAP benefits can be used to estimate the impact of restrictions on SNAP-eligible foods. An electronic search of EconPapers, AgEcon Search, EconLit, WorldCat, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, PubMed and NALDC, and a snowball search were conducted to obtain a sample of studies up to March 2015 that estimate the impacts of SNAP and other income on household food expenditures. The studies were classified according to study population, study design and whether they attempted to correct for major study design biases.SettingEstimates were extracted from fifty-nine published and unpublished studies.SubjectsUS households.ResultsFifty-nine studies were found, yielding 123 estimates of the impact of SNAP benefits on food expenditures and 117 estimates of the difference in impacts between SNAP benefits and other income. Studies correcting for or mitigating study design biases had less estimate variation. Estimates indicate that expenditures on the restricted item would decrease by $US 1·6 to $US 4·8 if $US 10 of SNAP benefits would have otherwise been spent, with a median overall impact of $US 3.ConclusionsThe present literature suggests that restrictions on SNAP-eligible items may result in a small but potentially meaningful decrease in SNAP expenditures for restricted items. Further research is needed to evaluate whether this would translate into improvements in diet quality.
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Cipollini, Martin, Nicholas Wessel, John Patten Moss, and Natalie Bailey. "Seed and seedling characteristics of hybrid chestnuts (Castanea spp.) derived from a backcross blight-resistance breeding program." New Forests 51, no. 3 (September 16, 2019): 523–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11056-019-09744-7.
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Abstract American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was a foundation species in the eastern United States until chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica) infestation resulted in range-wide catastrophic reduction. Since 1983, The American Chestnut Foundation (TACF) has engaged in a breeding program aimed at restoring C. dentata to the wild. The primary goal has been to introduce blight resistance from Castanea mollissima while recovering a C. dentata phenotype via successive backcrosses. To diversify the genetic base, state chapters of TACF have been producing BC3 and BC4 (third and fourth backcross) lines using C. dentata from across its native range. This study focuses on morphology and chemistry of seeds, and morphology and early growth of seedlings derived from BC3 and BC4 trees selected for blight resistance in state chapters. Our primary comparisons were among backcross, pure C. mollissima, and pure C. dentata lines. Seed traits included a suite of morphological characters known to differ between C. dentata and C. mollissima, as well as dry matter, total carbohydrate, sugar, protein, lipid, and phenolic content. Seedling traits included variables such as stem basal diameter and height, leaf variables such as number and area, and relative growth in key parameters such as stem volume. C. mollissima lines tended to differ significantly from C. dentata and backcross lines in most parameters, while C. dentata and backcross types tended to overlap broadly in traits. These results suggest that seed and seedling characteristics of backcross hybrids studied here are likely to be sufficiently similar to C. dentata for use in restoration programs.
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Rizki Nurmalya, Rizki_nk, Farah Nuriannisa, Anugrah Linda Mutiarani, and Kartika Yuliani. "PROVISION OF VITAMIN C AND VITAMIN D FOOD INGREDIENTS AGAINST THE REDUCTION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II INDICATED RESPONDENTS." Journal of Health Community Service 1, no. 2 (September 29, 2021): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33086/jhcs.v1i2.2131.
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This community service was carried out to improve the knowledge of Kutisari residents who identified had diabetes mellitus. The preliminary study was conducted regarding residents who identified with diabetes mellitus with deficiency of vitamin C and vitamin D intake. This community service program lasts for one year. The activity in this community service was collecting the data of respondents with diabetes mellitus, gave nutrition counselling, and directly provided food sources of vitamin C and vitamin D. Besides provided leaflets of vitamin C and vitamin D food sources, the nutrition counselling also measured the respondent’s blood sugar levels. Checking blood glucose levels was carried out to determine the glucose levels of residents who were identified as having diabetes mellitus. Intake of food sources of vitamin C and vitamin D was expected to lower blood glucose levels. The respondent received guava and chicken eggs as the food source of vitamin C and vitamin D. The purpose of this community service is to improve the respondent's knowledge about the food sources of vitamin C and vitamin D. Those foods will reduce the high blood glucose levels close to the normal values. The output of this community service activity is an online-published report.
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Khan, Abdul Mujeeb, Rahmattullah Khan Abdul Wahab Khan, and Dr Md Azman Bin Shahadan Shahadan. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INCENTIVE-BASED WEIGHT REDUCING TECHNIQUE AMONG UNIVERSITY PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS (UPSI) STUDENTS, MALAYSIA." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.2/art.257.
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Increasing overweight and obesity prevalence are growing health concerns globally and in Malaysia due to various contributing factors such as life style, dietary intake (high sugar & high fat diets), less physical activities etc. In order to explore an effective weight reducing strategy for overweight and obese students; this study aimed to examine the significance of offering a monetary reward to students for weight reduction at the University Pendidkan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Malaysia. An experimental study was conducted among Forty Eight (48) University students selected based on criteria of Body Mass Index (BMI) above 25. The convenient sampling was used for 3-months weight reduction experimental program comprised of "repeated measure design" which involved multiple measurement of each subject and their exposure to all study conditions. Participants were divided into two groups: 12-pairs and 24-individuals to further compare results. Three introductory lectures were given to students by a nutritionist to educate both groups on ' nutritional aspects of everyday eating'. Participants were requested to attend follow-ups every two weeks to record their weight. ANOVA repeated measure with fixed effects were used to analyze data. Results indicated that "offering monetary reward" brought significant change in both groups students' weight reduction (F (3.09, 142.24) = 18.16, p <0.05.), and hasn't found significant comparative difference between two groups' weight reduction (F (1, 46) =2.74, p =0.10). The study reveals that offering monetary incentive or reinforcement to University-level students is an effective strategy in weight reduction either incentive is given to the groups or individuals. A similar long-term research project needs to be implemented and/or further research is required with large sample size to examine sustainability of weight loosing behavior reinforced by monetary incentives.
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Sane, MD, Rohit, Pramod Manohar, Rahul Mandole, Gurudatta Amin, Pravin Ghadigaonkar, Snehal Dongre, Prafull Yanshwantrao, Dinesh Patil, and Rahul Jadhav. "Impact of Ayurveda Based Ischemia Reversal Program (IRP) And Polyherbal Medication on Reduction of Resting Myocardial Ischemia with Speckle Tracking Global Longitudinal Strain Imaging in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients." International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 7, no. 08 (August 19, 2022): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol07-i08/1470.
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Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health problem with hyperglycaemia leading to ischemia and myocardial damage. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking global longitudinal strain (GLS) imaging is one of the non-invasive tools used for early onset detection of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) which goes undetected in the traditionally used tools. The standard of care provided to diabetic patients leads to several adverse effects leading to non-compliance and higher incidences of mortality and morbidity. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of alternative treatment (Ischemia Reversal Program and diet kit) in improving GLS score in T2DM patients. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted from January 2020 to January 2021 in T2DM patients who attended the Cardiac Care Clinics, Mumbai. The patients underwent 14 sittings of IRP and calorie-controlled diet kit for 30 days. Change in GLS score from baseline formed the primary endpoint while the secondary endpoint were reduction in Body Mass Index (BMI), Abdominal girth (ABG), End diastolic volume (EDV)and dependency of modern medicines and outcome of 6 meter walk test (6MWT). Results: A total of 26 T2DM patients were enrolled with a mean age of 59 years. The GLS score (p=0.0004) and distance covered post 6MWT (p=0.03) showed a significant improvement post IRP treatment. There was a reduction in blood sugar levels and improvement in the cardiac parameters; the difference being not significant. Conclusion: IRP may be an effective and sustainable addition to standard treatment of T2DM and IHD though future large-scale studies are warranted.
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Krishnakumar, Arjun, Ritika Verma, Rajeev Chawla, Aravind Sosale, Banshi Saboo, Shilpa Joshi, Maaz Shaikh, Abhishek Shah, Siddhesh Kolwankar, and Vinod Mattoo. "Evaluating Glycemic Control in Patients of South Asian Origin With Type 2 Diabetes Using a Digital Therapeutic Platform: Analysis of Real-World Data." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 3 (March 25, 2021): e17908. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17908.
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Background Digital therapeutics are evidence-based therapeutic interventions driven by high-quality software programs for the treatment, prevention, or management of a medical disorder or disease. Many studies in the western population have shown the effectiveness of mobile app–based digital therapeutics for improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, few studies have assessed similar outcomes in the South Asian population. Objective This study aims to investigate the real-world effectiveness of the Wellthy CARE digital therapeutic for improving glycemic control among the South Asian population of Indian origin. Methods We analyzed deidentified data from 102 patients with T2D from India enrolled in a 16-week structured self-management program delivered using the Wellthy CARE mobile app. Patients recorded their meals, weight, physical activity, and blood sugar in the app, and they received lessons on self-care behaviors (healthy eating, being active, monitoring, medication adherence, problem solving, healthy coping, and reducing risks); feedback provided by an artificial intelligence–powered chatbot; and periodic interactions with certified diabetes educators via voice calls and chats. The primary outcome of the program was a change in glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes included the difference between preintervention and postintervention fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) levels; changes in BMI and weight at the completion of 16 weeks; and the association between program engagement and the changes in HbA1c, FBG, and PPBG levels. Results At the end of 16 weeks, the average change in HbA1c was –0.49% (n=102; 95% CI −0.73 to 0.25; P<.001). Of all the patients, 63.7% (65/102) had improved HbA1c levels, with a mean change of −1.16% (n=65; 95% CI −1.40 to −0.92; P<.001). The mean preintervention and postintervention FBG levels were 145 mg/dL (n=51; 95% CI 135-155) and 134 mg/dL (n=51; 95% CI 122-146; P=.02) and PPBG levels were 188 mg/dL (n=51; 95% CI 172-203) and 166 mg/dL (n=51; 95% CI 153-180; P=.03), respectively. The mean changes in BMI and weight were –0.47 kg/m2 (n=59; 95% CI −0.22 to −0.71; P<.001) and –1.32 kg (n=59; 95% CI −0.63 to −2.01; P<.001), respectively. There was a stepwise decrease in HbA1c, FBG, and PPBG levels as the program engagement increased. Patients in the highest tertile of program engagement had a significantly higher reduction in HbA1c (−0.84% vs −0.06%; P=.02), FBG (−21.4 mg/dL vs −0.18 mg/dL; P=.02), and PPBG levels (−22.03 mg/dL vs 2.35 mg/dL; P=.002) than those in the lowest tertile. Conclusions The use of the Wellthy CARE digital therapeutic for patients with T2D showed a significant reduction in the levels of HbA1c, FBG, and PPBG after 16 weeks. A higher level of participation showed improved glycemic control, suggesting the potential of the Wellthy CARE platform for better management of the disease.
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Ababil, Anas Arif, and Herry Yulistiyono. "Peran BUMDes dalam Mengelola Desa Wisata Bukit Kehi sebagai Pengembangan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa." Jurnal Ilmiah Aset 24, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.37470/1.24.2.204.
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This study aims to determine the role and impact of the role of Village - Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in managing the Bukit Kehi tourist village as an Economic Development Community in Kertagena Daya Village, Kadur District, Pamekasan Regency. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach through the main informants of the Village Head and the Director of BUMDes, while the supporting informants are Pokdarwis members who work in the Bukit Kehi Tourism Village and the Kertagena Daya Village Community. Data analysis in this study uses data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The data validity technique uses source triangulation. The results showed that the role of BUMDes through the Bukit Kehi Tourism Village Business Unit was as community economic development, namely managing and developing the Bukit Kehi tourist village, including the management carried out by BUMDes, namely planning the Bukit Kehi tourism village program, managing facilities and infrastructure, promoting tourism villages through social media. Instagram and Whatsapp to increase visitors and carry out monitoring or evaluation activities. The next role of BUMDes is to carry out a training program for the community in the form of training on making legends, brown sugar and siwalan bags with the aim ofincreasing community skills. Meanwhile, the impact felt by the community with the role of BUMDes through the Bukit Kehi tourism village business unit opened new jobs, created new business fields and increased the income of the Kertagena Daya village community.
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Jassim, Ahmed A., and Waleed I. Al-Jugif. "Effect of a gradual increase in the intensity of lighting on the physiological performance of broilers." Bionatura 7, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2022.07.04.28.
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Birds are exposed when the light is turned on by using the gradual increase of the light system. This study used 224 chicks (Ross 308) at one day old. Those chicks were randomly distributed into four treatments with four replicates for each treatment, i.e. (14 chicks/replicate). The treatments include the following: T1 the lighting program according to the guide for 308 ROSS company (Control Treatment), T2 the lighting program according to the guide with a gradual increase of lighting intensity every 20 minutes, T3 used the same method with an increase of lighting intensity every 40 minutes, T4 used lighting program with a gradual increase of lighting intensity every 60 minutes. The blood biochemical and hematological characteristics of 22 and 37 days of the age of chicks were studied. The results showed that females of T2 and T3 were significantly superior in blood sugar levels over the females of T1 and T4. Besides, it was observed that there was a significant decrease in the value of ALP enzyme in the blood of chicks males of all treatments compared with the control treatment. The H/L stress indicator was significantly decreased in T2, T3 and T4 compared with the control treatment. At the same time, there were no significant differences in other blood characteristics among all treatments. Finally, at the age of 37 days, it was noted that there was no significant difference among all blood characteristics at this age. It can be concluded that there were no significant effects of the gradual lighting intensity on the physiological performance of broilers. Still, at the period of 22 days, there was a reduction in stress levels, particularly H/L and very low-density lipoproteins. This experiment was conducted in the College of Agriculture, the University of Anbar's poultry fields for (37 days) the period from 18/10/2021 to 21/11/2021. the research was undertaken to reduce the effect of stress resulting from the sudden and high light intensity that birds are exposed to when the light is turned on by using the gradual increase of the light system. This study used 224 chicks (Ross 308) at one day old. Those chicks were randomly distributed into four treatments with four replicates for each treatment, i.e. (14 chicks/replicate). The treatments include the following: T1 the lighting program according to the guide for 308 ROSS company (Control Treatment), T2 the lighting program according to the guide with a gradual increase of lighting intensity every 20 minutes, T3 used the same method with an increase of lighting intensity every 40 minutes, T4 used lighting program with a gradual increase of lighting intensity every 60 minutes The blood biochemical of 22 and 37 days of the age of chicks were studied. The results showed that females of T2 and T3 were significantly superior in blood sugar levels over the females of T1 and T4. Besides, it was observed that there was a significant decrease in the value of ALP enzyme in the blood of chicks males of all treatments compared with the control treatment. The H/L ratio stress indicator was significantly decreased in T2, T3 and T4 compared with the control treatment. In comparison, there were no significant differences in other blood characteristics among all treatments. Finally, at the age of 37 days, it was noted that there was no significant difference among all blood characteristics at this age. It can be concluded that there were no significant effects of the gradual lighting intensity on the physiological performance of broilers. Still, at 22 days, there was a reduction in stress levels, particularly H/L ratio and very low-density lipoproteins. Keywords: Broiler ; ROSS 308 ; Light Intensity ; Lux; Blood characteristics
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Ducharme-Smith, Kirstie, Summer Rosenstock, Vanessa Garcia-Larsen, Francene Larzelere, Rachel Chambers, Anne Kenney, Raymond Reid, et al. "Quality of Diet and Cardio-Metabolic Outcomes in Native American Adolescents Participating in the Together on Diabetes Home-Visiting Program." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_031.
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Abstract Objectives 1) Examine the impact of the Together on Diabetes (TOD) program on diet quality using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI); 2) Determine the association of diet quality with outcomes of cardio-metabolic health (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and zBMI). Methods TOD was a 12-month home-visiting diabetes prevention/management program, evaluated using a pre/post study design, conducted in four rural, reservation-based Native American communities in the southwestern United States. Participants were 10 to 19 years of age and were identified as pre-diabetic, T2DM or “at risk” based on body mass index (zBMI) and a qualifying laboratory test. Diet information was collected via an adapted Block food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Diet quality was calculated using the AHEI, broken into quartiles based on distribution of the sample. Changes in AHEI-score and associations with cardio-metabolic measures were tested, over time, using adjusted linear mixed effects models. Results The majority of the sample (n = 240) completed the FFQ at baseline and reported an average energy intake of 2016.18 Kcal/day (±1260.45) and AHEI-score (Range: 0–110, higher = better diet quality) of 47.37 (±7.36), indicating low diet quality. At 12 months follow-up, there was a reduction in calories (m = –345.75 Kcal/day (P < 0.001)), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) (m = –2 fluid ounces/day (P = 0.032)), red-processed meat (m = –1.5 ounces/day (P = 0.008)), and sodium (m = –650.37 mg/day (P < 0.001)) but no change in overall AHEI-score (p-value = 0.600). At baseline, the HbA1c of diabetic participants with the highest quartile AHEI-score was significantly lower (m = –1.43% (p-value = 0.048)) than those with the lowest quartile score. At 12-months the systolic blood pressure of participants with the highest quartile AHEI-score was significantly lower (m = –5.71 mm Hg (p-value = 0.038)) than those with the lowest quartile score. Conclusions Despite stable AHEI-scores during follow-up, there were improvements in diet quality domains most likely to be associated with poor cardio-metabolic health (e.g., overall calories, SSB consumption, and sodium intake). Home-visiting programs, like TOD, are promising interventions for decreasing dietary intake of poor quality foods. Funding Sources The Bristol Meyers Squibb Foundation funded the TOD Program.
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Maria Meilina Ekasari and Ana Setiyorini. "Pelaksanaan Edukasi Pengendalian Gula Darah Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta." I Care Jurnal Keperawatan STIKes Panti Rapih 1, no. 1 (May 6, 2020): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.46668/jurkes.v1i1.38.
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Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by a reduction or absence of the insulin hormone from pancreatic beta cells, or due to impaired insulin function, or both. If the DM not managed properly can lead several of chronic disease. The education program for type 2 DM patients had been done by nurses, dietitians and doctors in outpatient department, but the quality of implementation has not been discovered.
Objective: To describe the implementation of the blood glucose control health education program in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from the preinteraction phase to the termination phase at outpatient department in a privatehospital Yogyakarta.
Methods: An observational quantitative research conducted from March to May 2019 in outpatient department in a private hospital Yogyakarta. Thirty respondents were recruit with accidental sampling technique. The inclusion criteria was nurses who provide health education to patients with type 2 DM. The observation performed during the health education session. Univariate analysis used to analysis the data. The distribution of data presented in frequency and percentage.
Results: The majority of respondents (n=25; 83%) performed well, a small proportion of respondent (n=5; 17%) performed pretty good when deliver the blood sugar control health education in patients with type 2 DM from the preinteraction phase to the termination phase.
Conclusion: It is necessary to improve the ability of nurses in conducting health education in patients by using standard operating procedures and conducting review of operational standard procedures.
Keywords: type 2 DM, health education, blood glucose control
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Rusowicz, Jagoda, Anna Serweta, Wojciech Idzikowski, and Joanna Szczepańska-Gieracha. "Multimodal Therapeutic Approach in Women with High Risk of Metabolic Syndrome—A Single Group One Center Pre-Post Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 21 (October 24, 2021): 4915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10214915.
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The study aims to determine the impact of multimodal therapeutic approach on self-perceived stress in women with high risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The study involved 43 women aged 60 years and over (mean 68.6 ± 6.5) participating in a Mental Health Promotion Program. Over the 3-month course of the project, all of the participants attended meetings of a support group (60-min sessions twice a week). During these meetings, they took part in general fitness training (20 min), dancing (20 min), as well as health-promoting education and psychoeducation sessions (20 min). Moreover, the participants were encouraged to modify their diet to reduce their daily fat and sugar intake. Stress levels were assessed using the Perception of Stress Questionnaire (PSQ). Mood was measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30). In all of the subjects, a body composition analysis was performed using a Tanita BC-545N analyzer. Abdomen and hip circumference were measured to determine the waist-hip ratio. Weight and height were measured to determine the BMI score. At the beginning of the project, the intensity of stress correlated with the level of depressive symptoms (GDS), Body Mass Index (BDI), and the amount of visceral fat. Three months of participation in the Mental Health Promotion Program resulted in a significant reduction in stress intensity (p < 0.01). At the end of the project, all of the participants expressed their willingness to continue their participation in the classes, which is very important as there is a need to conduct long-term health-promoting activities in the age group in question.
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Aly, Farag A., Ahmad H. Alghadir, and Sami A. Gabr. "Adiponectin response to supervised aerobic training in type II diabetic patients." Asian Biomedicine 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2014): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.0805.332.
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Abstract Background: Cross-sectional studies have linked decreased adiponectin levels with several metabolic traits, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Previous studies conducted to investigate the effects of acute or chronic exercise on the serum adiponectin have produced conflicting and controversial results. Objective: To investigate the effect of supervised aerobic training of moderate intensity on the total serum levels of adiponectin and its relationship to insulin resistance and body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes (DM2). Methods: Thirty-five patient participants diagnosed as having DM2 mellitus for more than 5 years with normal or near normal body weight took part in this study. The diagnosis of DM was based on the American Diabetes Association criteria for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serum levels of blood glucose, insulin, total adiponectin, high molecular weight adiponectin, and insulin resistance were determined before and after a 12-week program of supervised moderate intensity aerobic training. Results: Twelve weeks of supervised moderate intensity aerobic training produced a significant reduction of fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, and insulin resistance in male subjects with DM2. By contrast, a significant increase in the total serum adiponectin and high molecular weight adiponectin has been reported. There was no significant correlation between the reduction of the body mass index, insulin resistance, and the increase of the total serum adiponectin or high molecular weight adiponectin. Conclusion: Prolonged exercise training of at least moderate intensity improves levels of adiponectin and insulin sensitivity in men with type 2 diabetes.
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Molitor, Fred, Celeste Doerr, John Pugliese, and Lauren Whetstone. "Three-year trends in dietary behaviours among mothers, teenagers and children from SNAP-Ed (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program–Education) eligible households across California." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 1 (November 20, 2019): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019003197.
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AbstractObjective:To examine trends from 2015 to 2017 in dietary behaviours and diet quality among low-income mothers, teenagers and children.Design:Cross-sectional telephone surveys using a validated 24 h dietary assessment.Setting:Randomly sampled households with incomes ≤185 % of the US federal poverty level across California.Participants:Survey participants were 13 247 mothers (≥18 years), 3293 teenagers (12–17 years) and 6043 children (5–11 years). Respondents were mostly Latino.Results:Over the 3-year study period, consumption of fruits and vegetables with and without 100 % fruit juice increased (P ≤ 0·05) by at least 0·3 cups/d for mothers, teenagers and children. Intake of water also increased (P ≤ 0·001) by more than 1 cup/d for mothers and children and 2 cups/d for teenagers. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption was unchanged over the 3 years. Overall diet quality, as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015, improved (P ≤ 0·01) for mothers, teenagers and children. Covariates for the fifteen regression models (three age groups by five outcome variables) included race/ethnicity, age, education for mothers, and gender for teenagers and children.Conclusions:The observed increases in fruit and vegetable intake and improvements in overall diet quality during the 3-year period suggest that low-income Californians may have lowered their risk of preventable diseases. However, more intense or strategic SSB-reduction interventions are required. Regional- or state-level, population-based surveillance of dietary behaviours is useful for public health nutrition policy and programme decision making, and can be used to assess potential trends in future negative health outcomes and related costs associated with poor dietary behaviours within at-risk populations.
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Shakya, Pushpanjali, Archana Shrestha, Biraj Man Karmacharya, Abha Shrestha, Bård Eirik Kulseng, Eva Skovlund, and Abhijit Sen. "Diabetes Prevention Education Program in a population with pre-diabetes in Nepal: a study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial (DiPEP)." BMJ Open 11, no. 11 (November 2021): e047067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047067.
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IntroductionEvidence suggests that diabetes burden can be reduced by implementing early lifestyle intervention programmes in population with pre-diabetes in high-income countries. However, little is known in developing nations like Nepal. This study aims to assess effectiveness of community-based Diabetes Prevention Education Program (DiPEP) on haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, proportion of pre-diabetes reverting to normoglycaemia, diet, physical activity, weight reduction, diabetes knowledge and health literacy after 6 months of follow-up. Furthermore, we will also conduct qualitative studies to explore experiences of participants of intervention sessions and perception of healthcare workers/volunteers about DiPEP.Methods and analysesThis is a community-based two-arm, open-label, cluster randomised controlled trial. We will randomise 14 clusters into intervention arm and control arm. Estimated total sample size is 448. We will screen individuals without diabetes, aged 18–64 years, and permanent residents of study sites. HbA1c test will be only performed if both Indian Diabetes Risk Score and random blood sugar value are ≥60 and 140–250 mg/dL, respectively. At baseline, participants in intervention arm will receive DiPEP package (including intensive intervention classes, diabetes prevention brochure, exercise calendar and food record booklet), and participants in control arm will be provided only with diabetes prevention brochure. The change in outcome measures will be compared between intervention to control arm after 6 months of follow-up by linear mixed models. Also, we will conduct individual interviews among participants and healthcare workers as part of a qualitative study. We will use thematic analysis to analyse qualitative data.Ethics and disseminationRegional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics, Norway; Nepal Health Research Council, Nepal and Institutional Review Committee, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences have approved the study. The DiPEP package can be implemented in other communities of Nepal if it is effective in preventing diabetes.Trial registration numberNCT04074148, 2019/783.
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Fauzi, Akhmad, Edy Mulyadi, Kustini Kustini, Bowo Santoso, and Nuruni Ika Kusuma Wardani. "ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC POTENTIALS IN DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERIOR COMMODITIES: A STUDY OF BONDOWOSO DISTRICT." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7120.
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Purpose of Study: One important aspect in regional development planning is to grow regional economies. It is expected to be a leverage and and attract other sectors to move and grow well. To develop the local economy, there are several things to be used as basis for regional development. The present aims to analyze the regional economic potentials in the development of superior markets of a nation.
Methodology: Exploratory research method is used in the present study to obtain more in-depth results that can be developed according to the outcomes of the analysis. It has been carried out by determining the selection of one of the district's superior products. By using the endogenous development strategy paradigm and integrating endowment factors with human resources capabilities, the development and growth of Bondowoso Regency will be more directed, clear, measurable and targeted. In an effort to realize the development of new economic growth centers in undeveloped areas, determining superior products is very important. Furthermore, by encouraging the development of the specific potential of underdeveloped regions, it is expected to be able to encourage and accelerate economic growth and improve community welfare. so that this builds a new center for economic growth. In general, the flagship program of each district is used as leverage in stimulating regions for development. Notably, there are six parameters left behind. These include the community economy, human resources, infrastructure (infrastructure), local financial capacity (fiscal gap), accessibility, and regional characteristics. It is expected that poverty alleviation and unemployment reduction can be achieved through an increase in the local financial capacity through optimization of the potential of local products. The development of district superior product programs in growth node will be beneficial in encouraging the economic growth of the community.
Main Findings: The results of this study shortlisted some superior agricultural products in the regency with a corn LQ value of 3.86, 4.28 rice; chili 2.37; and cassava 3.92. The coconut plantation 1.89; betel 1.59 and sugar cane 3.31. For the livestock sector, the LQ of Cattle was 3.91; Goat 3.02 and free-range chicken 2.98. From the results of the discussion and in-depth analysis, the flagship products of Bondowoso district were rice, sugar cane, cattle and corn.
Implications/Applications: The present research is expected to establish local products that represent regional superior commodities and can be produced to improve the economy of the community. Such development will also provide job opportunities for the local communities and reduce the rate of poverty. Furthermore, it provides avenues for channeling government funding in terms of aid to provide an impetus for stimulating growth and jobs.
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Garasia, Jaynika S., and Mandip Goyal. "Effect of Triphala Kajjali tablet - an Ayurvedic herbomineral formulation for the management of metabolic syndrome: a single case study." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 8, no. 12 (November 23, 2021): 1876. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20214528.
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Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of disorders that includes abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and elevated cholesterol. Approximately 25% of the adult populations are affected by MS. Gradually this number is increasing because of poor lifestyles, faulty dietary pattern, physical inactivity, stressful life and rapid urbanization. A 50-year-old female patient visited to OPD of Kayachikitsa department ITRA, Jamnagar, with the complaints of gradual weight gain with excess body fat around the abdomen and waist region, numbness and burning sensation at bilateral feet, and breathlessness on exertion. After investigation, she was diagnosed as a case of MS as per National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), adult treatment panel III (revised in 2005) guideline. She was treated with Triphala Kajjali tablet for 12 weeks along with lifestyle modification. After completion of treatment, investigations revealed reduction in fasting blood sugar from 113 mg/dL to 80 mg/dL, serum cholesterol level was decreased to 148 mg/dl from 216 mg/dl, serum triglycerides level was reduced to 150 mg/dL from 187 mg/dL and serum LDL was reduced to 68.3 mg/dl from 118.7 mg/dl. Her weight reduced to75 kg from 85 kg, and waist circumference reduced to 92 cm from 100cm, and blood pressures also reduced up to 122/82 mmHg from 140/90 mmHg. Hence, it can be concluded that Triphala Kajjali tablet along with lifestyle modification are effective in the management of MS, as it possesses Kapha Medohara properties.
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Matela, Hema, Akhila Nair, Purva Sharma, Surabhi Singh Yadav, and Kavitha Menon. "Nutritional Quality of Canteen Foods and Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Food Handlers in Health Promoting and Non-Health Promoting Private Secondary Schools of Pune City." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac051.058.
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Abstract Objectives To assess the nutritional quality of foods served in school canteens and Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of food handlers in Health Promoting and Non-Health Promoting Private Secondary Schools of Pune City, India. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in school canteens of the private secondary schools, Pune City. Out of 316 private schools in the city, 32 private secondary schools with on-campus canteen facilities. All food handlers (n = 64) directly involved in food service were interviewed. Data collected included information on different types of foods served in the school canteens, food safety, sanitation and hygiene practices in the school canteens (a scorecard was prepared using FSSAI guidelines to assess school canteens' food safety, Sanitation and Hygiene of school canteens), and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of food handlers on food quality, food safety and Food Safety and Standards Authority of India's (FSSAI) guidelines (a structured pre-tested questionnaire). The nutritional quality of foods served in school canteens was assessed using High Fat Sugar and Salt (HFSS) cut-offs of the FSSAI as healthy and unhealthy. Results Out of 32 schools, 25 were Non-Health Promoting (NHPS), and seven schools followed Health Promoting (HPS) concept. HPS had significantly higher provision for healthy food items than non-HPS (87.4% vs 46.2%; p < 0.001). The HPS effectively reduced high-fat foods from the menu (p = 0.03), however reduction in sugar and salt products was not sufficient. Food handlers from the HPS category had higher knowledge to identify healthy foods from the school menu (p < 0.001) and had a better attitude towards healthy foods for school children (p ≤ 0.04). There was no significant difference in food safety practices of food handlers; however, HPS followed safer methods for serving foods (p < 0.001). A few participants from both the school categories had attended any nutrition training program for food handlers (30% for HPS vs 25% Non-HPS; p = 0.68). Conclusions A few private secondary schools implemented the HPS initiative in Pune City, which positively influenced the school food environment by introducing healthy foods and improved attitudes among food handlers towards healthy foods in school canteens. Funding Sources The study was not funded.
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Kumar, Ravinder, Mintu Ram Meena, Pooja Dhansu, R. Karuppaiyan, C. Appunu, Neeraj Kulshreshtha, Prashant Kaushik, and Bakshi Ram. "Winter Tolerance Potential of Genetically Diverse Sugarcane Clones under Subtropical Climate of Northern India." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 19, 2022): 11757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811757.
Full textAbstract:
The low temperature (LT) conditions that prevail during winter in subtropical regions of India drastically affect the growth and yield of sugarcane. To identify low-temperature-tolerant agronomical acceptable genotypes for immediate deployment as donor parents in the subtropical sugarcane breeding program, 34 sugarcane clones belonging to 7 genetically diverse groups were evaluated under three crop environments, viz., spring planting, winter ratoon and spring ratoon, during 2015–2016 and 2016–2017. In the winter ratoon crop, commercial cane sugar and cane yield were reduced, whereas sucrose % was increased over the spring planted crop and the spring ratoon crop. The wild species and introgressed hybrid groups showed improvement for yield and quality traits in the winter ratoon crop, whereas commercial and near commercial groups showed reduction for these traits over the plant and spring ratoon crops. The tropical cultivars group was the poorest performer irrespective of the traits and crops. Yield per se under a stress environment was adjudged as the best selection criteria. For classification of sugarcane clones according to their low temperature tolerance, an index named winter tolerance index (WTI) is proposed which takes into account the winter sprouting index (WSI), winter growth and yield per se of the winter ratoon crop. The WTI had significant positive association with WSI, cane yield, millable cane population and cane length. As per the WTI ratings, the wild species of Saccharum complex and introgressed hybrid groups were rated as excellent WT clones. Subtropical commercial or advanced generation groups were poor WT clones, and tropical commercial cultivars group were winter sensitive clones. Clones such as AS04-635, AS04-1687, IK76-48, GU07-2276, IND00-1040, IND00-1038 and IND00-1039 had excellent tolerance, and GU07-3849, AS04-245, Co 0238, AS04-2097 and GU07-3774 had good WTI scores. The variety, Co 0238, may be continued for cultivation under LT regions with prophylactic measurers for red rot, while other clones listed above may be utilized in subtropical breeding programs.