Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sugar cane

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Sugar cane'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Sugar cane"

1

Banks-Leite, Cristina. "Sugar cane drain." New Scientist 203, no. 2715 (July 2009): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(09)61769-3.

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Macknight, Sarah J., and John F. Kennedy. "Cane sugar handbook." Carbohydrate Polymers 26, no. 3 (January 1995): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-8617(95)90057-8.

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Farmani, Boukaga, Miljana Djordjevic, Samad Bodbodak, Mehdi Younessi-Hamzekhanlu, and Kazem Alirezalu. "Combined enzymatic degradation of dextran and starch towards enhancement of the raw cane sugar juice filtration efficiency." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 53 (2022): 206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt2253206f.

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By assessing the polarization, colour, dextran, starch, phenols, proteins, melassigenic cations (Na+, K+) and Ca2+, reducing sugars and pH, presented study evaluates the main factors influencing non-sugars content and juice filterability in 17 raw cane sugar samples of different geographical origin. ?-amylase and dextranase were applied for combined enzymatic degradation of starch and dextran as main undesirable compounds in raw cane sugar juices (15 ?Brix and pH 5.5) at four different concentrations (10:12.5, 20:25, 30:37.5 and 40:50 ppm) and 55 ?C during 30 min. Decrease of starch and dextran concentrations in juices remarkably increased filterability in range of 20-75% for different raw cane sugar juices. Combined enzymatic effect of ?-amylase and dextranase mixture in concentration 30:37.5 ppm showed best result for improving filterability of raw cane sugar juices through reduction in starch and dextran content as main non-sugar impurities. Selecting the raw cane sugar with appropriate quality parameters facilitates the refining process. Simultaneous addition of ?-amylase and dextranase mixture (30:37.5 ppm/juice) can improve filterability of low polarization raw cane sugar juice up to 41% and contribute to the refining process enhancement and thus obtention of high-quality refined cane sugar.
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S, SETIYA NING RUM, KAWIJI KAWIJI, and SETYANINGRUM ARIVIANI. "Antioxidant capacity of temulawak drink (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) with white crystal sugar cane, red crystal sugar cane, palm sugar, and arenga palm sugar." Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry 14, no. 2 (December 6, 2017): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biofar/f140201.

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Rum SSN, Kawiji, Setyaningrum A. 2016. Antioxidant capacity of temulawak drink (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) with white crystal sugar cane, red crystal sugar cane, palm sugar, and arenga palm sugar. Biofarmasi 14: 39-46. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity of temulawak extract in water solution; to determine the antioxidant capacity of white crystal sugar cane, red crystal sugar cane, palm sugar, and arenga palm sugar which commonly used in making temulawak drink; to determine the synergic effect of sugar addition to temulawak drink product; and also to determine the sensory quality (colour, taste, and flavour) of temulawak drink produced by parameters. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CAD) with two factors, concentration of temulawak extract (10, 20, and 30 gr/litre), and the kind of sugar added (white crystal sugar cane, red crystal sugar cane, palm sugar, and arenga palm sugar) with 50 g/litre concentration of addition, respectively. This research was studied the antioxidant activity (radical DPPH scavenging activity), total phenol, and sensory analysis (Multiple Comparison Test). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 (α=0,05). This study showed that the radical DPPH scavenging activity and total phenol were increase due to the increase of temulawak extract concentration. It might be due to water-soluble phenol compound like xanthorrizol extracted more largely. Radical DPPH scavenging activity and total phenol of sugars were significantly different which from the highest to the lowest palm sugar, arenga palm sugar (which usually used by people to make traditional health drink), red crystal sugar cane and white crystal sugarcane, respectively. Synergic effect of temulawak drink antioxidant capacity occured due to the sugar addition. The study also showed that sensory quality of produced temulawak drink with all treatments was not significantly different.
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Vidra, Aladár, András József Tóth, and Áron Németh. "Lactic acid production from cane molasses." Waste Treatment and Recovery 2, no. 1 (December 20, 2017): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lwr-2017-0003.

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Abstract Molasses, a by-product of the sugar manufacturing process, generally comprises approximately 50% (w/w) of total sugars, but it is currently used primarily [1] as an animal feed and as a raw material in alcohol production. Currently, the sugar production is more than 160 million tones worldwide. Its byproduct molasses contain heavy metals which have growthinhibitory effect. The main sugar content in molasses is sucrose which often need to be hydrolyzed to glucose and fructose especially for utilization by Lactobacillus species. Lactobacillus species can convert sugar content to lactic acid with great efficiency, which is a valuable chemical. Lactic acid production from sugar molasses using batch fermentations with Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus sp. MKT878 were investigated in this study. Results showed, that both examined Lactobacillus species could grow on molasses despite the heavy metals inhibitory effects. The conversion of sugar content to lactic acid was successful with yield between 55-80 g/g.
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Yasser, M., Andi Muhamad Iqbal Akbar Asfar, Andi Muhammad Irfan Taufan Asfar, Marlia Rianti, and Eko Budianto. "PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK OLAHAN GULA MERAH TEBU DENGAN PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK HERBAL DI DESA LATELLANG KABUPATEN BONE." Panrita Abdi - Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/pa.v4i1.7083.

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Product Development of Cane Brown Sugar Using Herbal Extract in The Latellang Village District of BoneAbstract. The production of cane brown sugar is decreasing due to the low price of brown sugar form cane in the market. The low selling price of cane sugar is due to the quality and distinctive aroma of cane sugar which is less attractive to consumers. The community partnership program aims to provide solutions to partners while educating partners and citizens, especially for partner, on the benefits of cane brown sugar consumption compared to other as a form of food security as a form of persuasive methods to partners and citizens before the training takes place. This program is carried out in the form of counseling, training and mentoring. The training carried out was the manufacture of liquid sugar and instant sugar as a form of differentiation from cane brown sugar which can be of high economic value compared to selling original. The results of this program show that partners have been able to make and produce liquid sugar and instant sugar. Liquid sugar products are packaged in 250 ml bottles, while instant sugars called recengan sugar packed in wrapping plastic weighing 25 g, then packaged again in the form of a pouch containing 6 instant sugars. The results of the assistance show that partners have been able to make and produce liquid sugar and instant sugar and begin to expand into granulated sugar products. This differentiation product can certainly improve the price (profitable). Partner problems for the typical aroma of sugar cane can also be overcome by adding herbal extracts in the form of ginger extract and pandan leaf extract, so that the distinctive aroma of sugar cane can be disguised.Keywords: sugar cane liquid sugar, disposable sugar, recengan sugar, sugar variations of sugar cane herbal extract.Abstrak. Produksi gula merah tebu semakin merosot diakibatkan rendahnya harga gula merah tebu dipasaran. Rendahnya harga jual gula merah tebu disebabkan oleh kualitas dan aroma khas tebu yang kurang diminati oleh konsumen. Program kemitraan masyarakat ini dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk memberi solusi kepada mitra sekaligus mengedukasi mitra dan warga khususnya kelompok usaha gula merah tebu akan manfaat konsumsi gula merah tebu dibandingkan gula merah lainnya sebagai bentuk dari keamanan pangan melalui penyuluhan sebagai bentuk metode persuasif kepada mitra dan warga sebelum pelatihan dilaksanakan. Program ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan pendampingan. Pelatihan yang dilakukan adalah pembuatan gula cair dan gula sekali pakai sebagai bentuk diferensiasi dari gula merah tebu yang dapat bernilai ekonomis tinggi dibandingkan hanya menjual gula merah batok. Hasil dari program ini nampak bahwa mitra telah mampu membuat dan produksi gula cair dan gula sekali pakai. Produk gula cair dikemas dalam bentuk botol 250 ml, sedangkan gula sekali pakai dengan nama produk komersilnya adalah gula recengan dikemas dalam plastik wraping dengan berat 25 g, kemudian dikemas lagi dalam bentuk pouch yang berisi 6 buah gula sekali pakai. Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan bahwa mitra telah mampu membuat dan produksi gula cair dan gula sekali pakai serta mulai merambah ke produk gula semut. Produk diferensiasi ini tentu dapat memperbaiki harga gula merah tebu. Permasalahan mitra akan aroma khas tebu dapat pula teratasi dengan penambahan ekstrak herbal berupa ekstrak jahe dan ekstrak daun pandan, sehingga aroma khas tebu dapat tersamarkan.Kata Kunci: gula cair tebu, gula sekali pakai, gula recengan, gula variasi tebu ekstrak herbal.
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Martin, Yves-Loïc, N. Christoph, A. I. Blanch-Cortès, J. Dennis, S. Giraudon, C. Guillon, A. Hermann, et al. "Detection of Added Beet or Cane Sugar in Maple Syrup by the Site-Specific Deuterium Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (SNIF-NMR®) Method: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 84, no. 5 (September 1, 2001): 1509–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.5.1509.

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Abstract Results of a collaborative study are reported for the detection of added beet or cane sugar in maple syrup by the site-specific natural isotope fractionation–nuclear magnetic resonance (SNIF-NMR®) method. The method is based on the fact that the deuterium content at specific positions of the sugar molecules is different in maple syrup from that in beet or cane sugar. The syrup is diluted with pure water and fermented; the alcohol is distilled with a quantitative yield and analyzed with a high-field NMR spectrometer fitted with a deuterium probe and fluorine lock. The proportion of ethanol molecules monodeuterated at the methyl site is recorded. This parameter (D/H)I is decreased when beet sugar is added and increased when cane sugar is added to the maple syrup. The precision of the method for measuring (D/H)I was found to be in good agreement with the values already published for the application of this method to fruit juice concentrates (AOAC Official Method 995.17). An excellent correlation was found between the percentage of added beet sugar and the (D/H)I isotopic ratio measured in this collaborative study. Consequently, all samples in which exogenous sugars were added were found to have a (D/H)I isotopic ratio significantly different from the normal value for an authentic maple syrup. By extension of what is known about plants having the C4 cycle, the method can be applied to corn sweeteners as well as to cane sugar. One limitation of the method is its reduced sensitivity when applied to specific blends of beet and cane sugars or corn sweeteners. In such case, the C13 ratio measurement (see AOAC Official Method 984.23, Corn Syrup and Cane Sugar in Maple Syrup) may be used in conjunction.
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SRIKAEO, Khongsak, Janya SANGKHIAW, and Wirot LIKITTRAKULWONG. "Productions and Functional Properties of Palm Sugars." Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) 16, no. 11 (August 28, 2018): 897–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/wjst.2019.5323.

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Sugar profile, antioxidant properties, DNA damages, and in vitro predicted glycaemic index (pGI) of palm sugars (syrup and powder) were investigated in comparison with refined cane sugar. It was found that palm sugars exhibited better nutritional qualities than refined cane sugars. Palm sugars in both syrup and powder forms showed similar results, except in some properties. They contained a high content of fructose and glucose. They also exhibited better antioxidant properties, as evidenced by the high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. This contributed to their great antioxidant activities when assessed by DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay. The addition of palm sugar extracts to the reaction mixture effectively protected against DNA damage. For pGI, the mixture of corn starch and palm sugars showed slow digestion rate and, consequently, lower pGI values than those of refined cane sugars. Nutritional and functional properties of palm sugars were thought to be influenced by their retained phytonutrients, as they were processed under mild conditions.
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Galloway, J. H., and Helmut Blume. "Geography of Sugar Cane; Environmental, Structural and Economic Aspects of Cane Sugar Production." Economic Geography 62, no. 3 (July 1986): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/144017.

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Chardon, Roland, and Helmut Blume. "Geography of Sugar Cane: Environmental, Structural and Economic Aspects of Cane Sugar Production." Geographical Review 76, no. 2 (April 1986): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/214631.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sugar cane"

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Stolz, Hendrik Nicolaas Petrus. "Invert sugar from sugar cane molasses : a pilot plant study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1986.

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An investigation was done into the recovery of invert sugar from sugar cane molasses. A pilot plant was designed and constructed to evaluate the clarification and separation of molasses to produce invert sugar syrup. The aim of the pilot plant was to prove the process and deliver data so as to facilitate the design and prove the financial viability of a commercial plant. The pilot plant had to process 300 kg/day of molasses. The clarification of molasses by centrifugal separation, a known desludging process, did not produce a product of acceptable quality which could be used in a chromatographic separator. The results were disappointing. The product obtained was also not suitable for dead end pressure filtration. The turbidity remaining after the centrifugal separation also did not respond to a second flocculation process. Conventional settling clarification was investigated. Seven factors that could influence the consolidation and settling of suspended solids in molasses were identified, namely: the age of the diluted molasses, the temperature of the flocculated mixture, the variations across various batches of flocculant, the effect of reaction time of the phosphoric acid, the optimum flocculant dosing concentration, the optimum concentration of the molasses solution and the effect of increasing the acid dosage. The optimum conditions to clarify molasses through settling were found to be: fresh molasses, at 28 Brix and 60°C, allowing 10 min intervals between acidification with 3,75 g (as 100%) phosphoric acid/ kg dry material (assumed equal to Brix) and neutralisation with 5 g (as 100%) caustic/kg dry material (assumed equal to Brix), flocculation with any batch of flocculant 6195, dosed as a 1000 ppm solution. Commercial equipment was evaluated. The pilot plant E-cat clarifier was operated at 300 l/h and a thick sludge formed. The overflow was clear and it could be filtered. The molasses obtained was suitable for chromatographic separation. The recovery of sugars from molasses sludge has economic merit. From the evaluation of centrifugal separation and gravity separation it is clear that gravity separation again is the best method. The sweet-water obtained is consistent within the clarity requirement of 10 NTU/Brix and can be used to dilute raw molasses in the upstream processing step. The clarification process that was developed is patented. [Bekker, Stolz et.al. (2001)] A sugar recovery of 93.9 mass % at a purity of 99.7 mass % from molasses, was achieved using a simulated moving bed, ion exclusion, pilot plant. The operating conditions for this performance were: feed flow at 14 l/h and at a temperature above 60 °C; water flow at 63 l/h and at a temperature above 65 °C; extract flow at 21 l/h; raffinate flow at 56 l/h; loop flow at 78 l/h and step time at 1326 seconds. This relates to the following bed volumes of the various separation zones: Bed Volume Zone 1 = 0.694; Bed Volume Zone 2 = 0.591; Bed Volume Zone 3 = 0.661; Bed Volume Zone 4 = 0.383. There is a trade-off between purity and recovery and a reduction in water usage. A preliminary environmental impact assessment and conceptual mass balance were done. The proposed plant integrates well into the existing Komati Mill of TSB and does not pose any significant environmental threat. The plant requires certain services from the mill. The mass balance investigated the water and steam consumption of the plant. Process integration was done so as to obtain the optimum utility consumption. The utility consumption of the plant does not exceed the capacity available at the mill. A small boiler is however required to produce steam during the annual mill maintenance period. Various techniques were used in a cost estimation for the invert sugar plant. The internal rate of return (IRR) is 42% for a fixed capital investment of R94,270,000.00. The net return rate (NRR) for the project is 4%/year, the net present value (NPV) - discounted at a 30% cost-of-capital is R41,782,000.00. The net payout time (NPT) is 5.207 years. The project fulfils the financial requirements set by TSB. It is now possible and viable to desugarize cane molasses.
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Govinden, Noël. "Intercropping of sugar cane with maize." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4994.

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Ang, Dexter W. "Designing the Sugar Cane Charcoal Extruder." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32885.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2005.
"June 2005."
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 32).
The Sugar Cane Charcoal Extruder compresses carbonized sugar cane into charcoal briquettes. that are environmentally-friendly and comparable to wood charcoal in burn performance, cost, and durability. Originally developed in the fall semester of 2004 in the MIT course 2.009, Product Engineering Processes, the extruder is designed for use in Haiti where wood charcoal constitutes up to a seventh of a family's expenditures. For a nation without a widespread electric grid such as Haiti, a locally manufacturable, affordable, and family-operated charcoal extruder is an effective method to introduce alternative energy into the economy. This thesis documents the past developments of the extruder and presents an improved design that is more portable, more robust, and less expensive to build than the original versions. The new design loads the bagasse and binder directly into the feedscrew and compresses the mixture using threads of decreasing pitch. Evaluations of design successes and failures are provided as well as recommendations for future development.
by Dexter W. Ang.
S.B.
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Nguyen, Danny M. T. "Colour removal from sugar cane juice." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/66234/1/Danny_Nguyen_Thesis.pdf.

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The key contribution contained in this thesis is an understanding of the degradation of colour precursors in sugar solutions. A new direction of research for the removal of colour and colour precursors in sugar process streams has been identified through the use of the Fenton oxidation and related processes. The decolourisation technologies developed in this study showed reductions in colour in synthetic and factory sugar process streams. These technologies have the potential to lower refining and manufacturing costs for the sugar industry.
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Buchanan, Vernon Everett. "Surface Engineering of Sugar Cane Mill Rollers." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489965.

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There has been renewed interest in recent years to address the coating of sugarcane mill rollers, due to the advancement in the development of welding electrodes and wires for surfacing and the need to improve the productivity and extraction of 'Ul!!urcane juice. The aim ofthis study is to evaluate and compare the performance of .hlclded metal arc welding (SMAW) overlays with an experimental arc sprayed. ''(luting in order to identify an alternative process that performs equally or better than SMAW in terms of abrasive wear performance under specific environment. The ~,udy focussed on three main areas: solidification and microstructure, abrasive wear, hud corrosion. The SMAW and arc sprayed coatings were deposited using Fe-Cr-C electrodes amt ,m experimental Fe-Cr-B wire, respectively. Friction and abrasive wear tests Wlrt conducted using a modified block-on-ring tester that simulated the wear eoodltlons experienced in a sugarcane mill, while corrosion tests were performed lIltnJ Jmmcrsion and electrochemical methods. Microstructures of the as-deposited coatings were characterised using optical mt''''L'OPY, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) IIld N=ret)' diffraction (XRD). The wear mechanisms were also investigated by lllminln~ the worn surfaces and subsurfaces using SEM. ('tmlpluison of the resulting SMAW coatings revealed that variations in the • .....hhm of the welding electrodes as well as welding procedure produced significant differences in the microstructure in terms of morphology of the carbides, distribution and proportion of the carbide phases, and microhardness. The arc- 'prayed coating exhibited better abrasive wear and corrosion resistance compared to the SMAW coatings. The amount and distribution of free chromium in the specimens were the primary factors that controlled the corrosion behaviour. The dominant wear m~~hnnisms controlling abrasion were found to be microploughing and microcutting In the hypoeutectic coating, and microcracking in the hypereutectic and are sprayed coatings.
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Furtado, de Souza Jose Ribamar. "Farmer participation in Brazilian sugar cane research." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1991. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2815/.

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This research is concerned with the contribution which farmer participation, as a complementary approach to agricultural research in Brazil, can make to the Improvement of disadvantaged farmers socioeconomic conditions through the solution of their technological problems. This notion is embodied in the concepts of Farming Systems Research and Farmer Participatory Research, which provide the broad theoretical framework within which this investigation was developed. The context in which the research was carried out was Brazilian sugar cane growing regions, with a specific focus on the practice of farmer participation within the Three Year' Plan for Diffusion of Technology for Sugar Cane Agro-industry's Resource-poor Farmers (Plano Trienal). Material for this investigation derives from two sources: direct involvement since the pilot project original phase of the Plano Trienal over a period of six years and a period of fieldwork undertaken in 1988. During the latter, data were collected by means of questionnaires, interviews, participant observation and Informal discussions in the States of Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Pernambuco, Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte. The dynamics of sugar cane agriculture is analysed within the overall sugar cane agro-industry as a particular sector of Brazilian agriculture. The concepts of Farming Systems Research and Farming Participatory Research are then set within this general frame of reference. Subsequently, the policies advocated by research and extension services is situated within the wider context of the Brazilian sugar cane agro-industry. Specific attention is then given to the failure of 'conservative modernisation' policies adopted by those services. Within this broad framework the formation and development of the Plano Trienal is described and analysed. The performance of the Plan's selected projects is then investigated through a comparative study, with particular attention given to the types of approaches employed, both, participatory and persuasive. In this perspective, combined statistical and qualitative methods are employed, based on variables (such as technology, approach, farm, farmer and technician) with specific reference to four economic indicators: productivity, assets, adoption and technological problems. Finally, the role of Farmer Participation is critically analysed referring to Farmer Participatory Research as a crucial component of the agricultural research process. The research findings point to the central importance of farmer's indigenous knowledge and scientific knowledge based upon 'mutual respect', and grounded in experience, for the processes of participatory research. In these processes, the relationship established between farmer and technician was found to be a fundamental aspect of research practice in which great weight is placed upon the farmer's role not as an object but as the 'subject' of agricultural research. This research demonstrates that the projects which embraced this approach achieved a higher level of technology adoption, a greater number of technological solutions and a greater increase in productivity and farmers' assets. The main policy implication of the thesis is that farmer participation, as a complementary approach to agricultural research methods, can contribute significantly to modifying the socio-economic situation of disadvantaged farmers.
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Opara, Charles C. "Continuous ethanol production from Nigerian cane-sugar molasses." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1987. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13788.

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The fermentation of carbohydrate sources into ethanol has become increasingly important to both industrialized and developing countries, because of its numerous uses and the need to produce it from renewable resources. In a developing tropical country such as Nigeria, proliferation of microbial life due to the hot climate, and lack of the technical know-how to maintain commercially available plants have created the need to look inwards in order to design and realize simple processes and units from local inputs. The inputs are the microorganism, sugar source, and fermentation system. In this project, high ethanol yielding microorganisms (yeast and bacteria) were isolated from local alcoholic beverages, characterized and used to ferment suitably clarified molasses. Cell immobilized, fixed-bed fermentation system was found most suitable for the tropics.
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Meller, Lauro. "Sugar cane fields forever: carnavalização, Sgt. Pepper's, tropicália /." Florianópolis, SC, 1998. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77974.

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Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão.
Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T09:12:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-09T00:01:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 147672.pdf: 2787093 bytes, checksum: 65c50e8ddcf960e780560daba7cdd572 (MD5)
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Cox, Graeme J. "A yield mapping system for sugar cane chopper harvesters." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2002. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00004617/.

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[Abstract]: Yield maps provide essential information for the spatial analysis and evaluation of crop production management at a within field level. Technology has been developed to conduct yield mapping in various crops including grain, potatoes and forage, but as yet no technology exists for yield mapping sugar cane. The chopper harvester is the most common form ofmechanical harvester for sugar cane. Therefore, the goal of this research is to develop a yield mapping system for the chopper type sugar cane harvester.After a review, it is proposed that a suitable accuracy goal for the sugar cane mass flow sensor would be ‘less than 5% cumulative measurement error, 95% of the time (2 standard deviations), measured over a 100m2 harvest area’.Existing mass flow sensors for other crops are reviewed.Based on this review four potential techniques are proposed to measure the mass flow rate of sugar cane. These were defined as the chopper power, elevator power and feed roller separation and weigh pad. These weretested simultaneously by placing various sensors on a single harvester and comparing the sensor outputs with the mass flow rate as measured by a weigh truck. In this trial, all techniques offered potential but none produced results close to the accuracy goal. A weighing technique, known as the ‘weigh pad’, offered the most potential for improvement and potential to accurately measure the mass flow rate with a single calibration under all conditions. The weigh pad technique suffered from very small load cell sensitivity to flow rate, drift in baseline readings and susceptibility to mechanical noise/acceleration dynamics.An opportunity arose to install a complete yield mapping system on a harvester within a commercial operation. This opportunity was accepted to assess the potential for applying yield maps to the agronomic management of sugar cane. Because the weigh pad sensor required further development at this stage, chopper and elevator power were used as a measure of mass flow rate. A full yield mapping system was developed. Yield mapping, directed soil sampling and variable rate gypsum application was conducted on a case study field. Economic analysis shows a clear economic benefit when compared with standardmanagement.Analysis is conducted on the weigh pad sensor examining its susceptibility to mechanical noise/acceleration dynamics. Theory is developed to mathematically model the effects of acceleration dynamics on the accuracy of weigh pad sensor. Laboratory bench testing supported the mathematical model. From the theoretical and experimental analysis a number of conclusions are drawn:· The weigh pad should be made as light as possible to minimise the error due todynamic conditions.· Electronic analogue filters should be used to reduce the noise due to externalacceleration.· The weigh pad should be as rigid as possible to maximise its natural frequency.A new weigh pad sensor was designed based on these conclusions. Field trials indicated the effects of external accelerations dynamics were significantly reduced. Baseline drift was then found as the next major factor limiting accuracy. The baseline drift was principally caused by the secondary extractor fan of the harvester inducing a negative pressure on the weighpad. A rubber curtain placed between the weigh pad and the secondary extractor fan reduced the negative force on the weigh pad due to the secondary extractor fan by 74% (from 17 N to 4.4 N). Therefore it is recommended the curtain be used to minimise the impact of the secondary extractor fan on the baseline drift of the weigh pad.A yield mapping system has been developed for the sugar cane chopper harvester incorporating the weigh pad sensor, a ground speed sensor, a DGPS receiver, a yielddisplay/monitor and data logger. Three identical systems have been constructed and installed on three harvesters for the 1998 cane harvest season. The results show sugar cane could be yield mapped using standard yield mapping principles.The level of accuracy being achieved by the yield mapping system is less than 16% error, with 95% confidence, over a measurement area of approximately 1400 m2. Although theaccuracy achieved is not to the desired research goal, yield maps were produced with satisfactory detail to make agronomic management decisions. The reliability of the sugar cane yield mapping system under field condition in a commercial operation was satisfactory. However, two techniques are proposed (“auto-zeroing” and “batch weighing” techniques) to improve the accuracy and reliability of the weigh pad readings during wet or adverseharvesting conditions.After note: At the time of writing the NCEA along with Case Austoft (CNH) were continuing to conduct research and development on the system and are intending to make theyield mapping system available as a standard item on new harvesters and a retrofit unit on existing harvesters in the near future (C. Barret, per. comm. 2001). The proposed “autozeroing” and “batch weighing” techniques are being tested.
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McCarthy, Stuart George. "The integration of sensory control for sugar cane harvesters." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2003. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001469/.

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The research concerns the design and implementation of mechatronic systems to assist in the operation and control of a sugar cane harvester. Two functions were chosen for attention, the primary separation system, and the ‘topper’ that discards the leafy crown. Although these operations are given low priority by the operator of the harvester, their optimisation is of particular significance to the industry. Optimum separation requires a fine balance between discarding ‘trash’ that would contaminate the quality of the cane billets and losing good sugar-bearing material through over cleaning. Poor control of the topper can create extra load for the separation system and cause it to operate at a low efficiency with high loss. Alternatively it can cause a length of sugar-bearing cane stalk to be lost before it even enters the harvester system at all. A variety of mechatronic techniques were explored, that addressed the problem of providing useful data directly from the harvester functions and the electronic instrumentation to allow the data to be collected in a useful form in real-time. Computer control issues were also investigated, to make best use of the data stream. Novel acoustic transducers were introduced to the sensory separation system to provide a signal that indicated material striking the fan blades. A rotary transformer was required to allow transmission of the signal, and a signal interface system was implemented to record the returned data. Many real-time time-series analyses were conducted, and from these a suitable algorithm to extract an impact signal was developed. This system was assessed under harvesting conditions with results that confirmed its ability to quantify the amount of cane lost from the harvest. An investigation was conducted to detect the optimum topping height on a sugar cane stalk. The techniques considered both the internal and external attributes of the stalk, and a method was selected to measure the sugar concentration with a chemical sensor. An important design parameter was that the sensor must operate on the harvester in real time. The novel refractometer worked well in laboratory conditions, yielding repeatable and accurate results. The field environment complicated the application of this system, however this was partly overcome with introduction of a custom sample-crushing mechanism. This device provided the necessary juice sample from a selection of the topped cane stalks. The complete sampling and measuring mechanism operated well on cane stalks, and returned encouraging results. Both sets of data returned useful information regarding the operation of the particular harvester operations. The control of either the separation system or the topper requires careful balancing, and novel control techniques that consider the ergonomics for the operator are discussed. These include visual indication devices through to automatic control algorithms. With the integration of mechatronic techniques into the functioning of the sugar cane harvester, the overall efficiency of many of its functions may be improved, and the operator’s task may be greatly simplified. The ultimate objective is to maximise the yield with an improved level of harvested and separated cane.
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Books on the topic "Sugar cane"

1

Paul, Bailey. Sugar cane. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1994.

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Wilson, Frank. Sugar cane. Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street Press, 2001.

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Paul, Bailey. Sugar cane. London: Bloomsbury, 1993.

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Tate & Lyle Sugars. Sugar from sugar cane. Bromley: Tate & Lyle Sugars, 1991.

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Small, Charles S. Philippine sugar cane railroads. Honolulu, Hawaii: C.S. Small, 1990.

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Baranowski, A. Sugar cane in Ghana. [Accra: Published for the Crops Research Institute by Ghana Universities Press, 1986.

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Solomon, S. Cane sugar: Production management. Lucknow, U.P., India: International Book Distributing Co., 2000.

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Meade, George P. Cane sugar handbook: A manual for cane sugar manufacturers and their chemists. New York: Wiley, 1985.

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Dyer, Peter. Cane train: The sugar-cane railways of Fiji. Wellington: New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society, 1988.

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Bakker, H. Sugar Cane Cultivation and Management. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4725-9.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sugar cane"

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Cole, Monica M. "Sugar Cane." In South Africa, 183–88. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003306702-14.

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Kaplinsky, Raphael. "Prelims - Cane Sugar." In Cane Sugar, i—12. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780444635.000.

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Jones, Mel. "1. Overview - Cane Sugar." In Cane Sugar, 13–24. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780444635.001.

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Kaplinsky, Raphael. "Back Matter - Cane Sugar." In Cane Sugar, 199–229. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780444635.014.

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Bakker, H. "Sugar Cane Production." In Sugar Cane Cultivation and Management, 137–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4725-9_12.

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Bakker, H. "Sugar Cane Ripening." In Sugar Cane Cultivation and Management, 67–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4725-9_6.

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Kaplinsky, Raphael. "13. Small-scale cane sugar processing: The way forward." In Cane Sugar, 181–98. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780444635.013.

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Bakker, H. "Cane Flowering." In Sugar Cane Cultivation and Management, 237–38. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4725-9_15.

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Bush, Alex. "2. Introduction to processing techniques; The history and development of the technology." In Cane Sugar, 25–34. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780444635.002.

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Goodwin, Rodney. "3. The world sugar market; The structure of world production and consumption." In Cane Sugar, 35–50. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780444635.003.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sugar cane"

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Domingos G. P. Cerri and Paulo Graziano Magalhães. "Sugar Cane Yield Monitor." In 2005 Tampa, FL July 17-20, 2005. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.18878.

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Zamboni, C. B., M. A. G. da Silveira, R. F. Gennari, I. Garcia, N. H. Medina, and Vito R. Vanin. "Sugar Cane Nutrient Distribution Analysis." In XXXIII BRAZILIAN WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3608973.

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Caryn E. Benjamin, Dr. Michael P. Mailander, and Dr. Randy R. Price. "Sugar Cane Yield Monitoring System." In 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.7369.

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M.L.C Ripoli, T.C.C Ripoli, Dumas Vicenti Casagrandi, and Bernardo Yasuhiro Ide. "EVALUATION OF FIVE SUGAR CANE PLANTERS." In 2007 Minneapolis, Minnesota, June 17-20, 2007. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.22904.

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Domingos G. P. Cerri and Paulo S. Graziano Magalhães. "Applying Sugar Cane Precision Agriculture in Brazil." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13714.

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Modesto, Marcelo, Silvia A. Nebra, and Roger J. Zemp. "Improving the Ethanol Production From Sugar Cane Biomass." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95685.

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The sugar and ethanol production is one of the most important economical activities in Brazil, mainly due to its efficiency and competitively. The alcohol production is made through the following steps: juice extraction, purification, fermentation and distillation. The process begins with the sugar cane juice extraction, usually made in mills, where the juice is extracted by compression of the sugar cane between great pronged cylinders. The extracted juice goes to purification and fermentation operations where it is converted in an ethanol/water mixture called wine, after, it is heated in a heat exchanger and through a distillation operation, as a sub product in the process, hydrated ethanol is finally obtained. Each step of this process consumes electric and thermal energy that coming from a cogeneration system whose fuel is the own sugar cane bagasse, obtained as a sub product, in the extraction operation., Energy and exergy balances along the process were performed, the exergy of water/sucrose and water/ethanol solutions were carefully calculated considering that them are non ideal solutions. The exergetic cost methodology was applied as a tool to suggest modifications to improving the use of energy in ethanol, electrical energy and bagasse production.
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Eggleston, Gillian, Guenter Pollach, and Ron Triche. "Differentiating cane white sugar from beet white sugar using ion chromatography profiles." In 33rd Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2005.72.

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Li-Han HUANG, Kenji IMOU, and Yutaka KAIZU and Shinya YOKOYAMA. "System for Automatic Separation of Sugar Cane Top." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16988.

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DE NADAI FERNANDES, ELISABETE A., EPAMINONDAS S. B. FERRAZ, MÁRCIO A. BACCHI, and VIRGÍLIO F. NASCIMENTO FILHO. "NUCLEAR ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES IN THE SUGAR CANE AGROINDUSTRY." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Isotopes. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793867_0013.

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Ozkocak, T., Mingyue Fu, and G. C. Goodwin. "Maceration control of a sugar cane crushing mill." In Proceedings of 2000 American Control Conference (ACC 2000). IEEE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2000.878581.

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Reports on the topic "Sugar cane"

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Dr. Donal F. Day. IMPROVED BIOREFINERY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL, CHEMICALS, ANIMAL FEED AND BIOMATERIALS FROM SUGAR CANE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/946610.

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Lovera, Andrea, Mariano Belaich, Cindy Mejía, Laura Villamizar, Manuel A. Patarroyo,, and Gloria Barrera. Characterization of chitinases of Beauveria bassiana (Bv ) induced in semisolid-state fermentation. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2012.11.

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A major consideration in the development of biopesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi has been the virulence and pathogenicity in terms of mean time of mortality and mean lethal concentration against the target insect. Virulence factors as chitinases degrade insect chitin facilitating the hyphal penetration through the cuticle. In this sense, Beauveria bassiana chitinases are an important cuticle-degrading group of enzymes implicated in the pathogenesis to insects, with high potential to develop biotechnological tools for in pest control. The aim of this study was to characterize chitinases produced by a Colombian strain of B. bassiana (Bv062) isolated from a Diatraea sp. larvae naturally infected in a sugar cane crop.
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Sharon, Amir, and Maor Bar-Peled. Identification of new glycan metabolic pathways in the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea and their role in fungus-plant interactions. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597916.bard.

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The involvement of glycans in microbial adherence, recognition and signaling is often a critical determinant of pathogenesis. Although the major glycan components of fungal cell walls have been identified there is limited information available on its ‘minor sugar components’ and how these change during different stages of fungal development. Our aim was to define the role of Rhacontaining-glycans in the gray mold disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus B. cinerea. The research was built on the discovery of two genes, Bcdhand bcer, that are involved in formation of UDP-KDG and UDP-Rha, two UDP- sugars that may serve as donors for the synthesis of cell surface glycans. Objectives of the proposed research included: 1) To determine the function of B. cinereaBcDh and BcEr in glycan biosynthesis and in pathogenesis, 2) To determine the expression pattern of BcDH and BcERand cellular localization of their encoded proteins, 3) Characterize the structure and distribution of Rha- containing glycans, 4) Characterization of the UDP-sugar enzymes and potential of GTs involved in glycanrhamnosylation. To address these objectives we generated a series of B. cinereamutants with modifications in the bchdhand bcergenes and the phenotype and sugar metabolism in the resulting strains were characterized. Analysis of sugar metabolites showed that changes in the genes caused changes in primary and secondary sugars, including abolishment of rhamnose, however abolishment of rhamnose synthesis did not cause changes in the fungal phenotype. In contrast, we found that deletion of the second gene, bcer, leads to accumulation of the intermediate sugar – UDP- KDG, and that such mutants suffer from a range of defects including reduced virulence. Further analyses confirmed that UDP-KDG is toxic to the fungus. Studies on mode of action suggested that UDP-KDG might affect integrity of the fungal cell wall, possibly by inhibiting UDP-sugars metabolic enzymes. Our results confirm that bcdhand bcerrepresent a single pathway of rhamnose synthesis in B. cinerea, that rhamnose does not affect in vitro development or virulence of the fungus. We also concluded that UDP-KDG is toxic to B. cinereaand hence UDP-KDG or compounds that inhibit Er enzymes and lead to accumulation of UDP-KDG might have antifungal activity. This toxicity is likely the case with other fungi, this became apparent in a collaborative work with Prof. Bart Thomma of Wageningen University, NETHERLANDS . We have shown the deletion of ER mutant in Verticillium dahlia gave plants resistance to the fungal infection.
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Laura Andrews, Laura Andrews. Can we noninvasively measure blood sugar for diabetes? Experiment, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/1245.

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Piñeiro, Valeria, Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla, Flor Paz, and Summer L. Allen. Sugar taxes: An economy-wide assessment: The case of Guatemala. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133415.

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Genesove, David, and Wallace Mullin. Rules, Communication and Collusion: Narrative Evidence from the Sugar Institute Case. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8145.

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Grover, William H. A spoonful of sugar can stop the (fake) medicine going down. Edited by Tasha Wibawa. Monash University, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/a418-fa17.

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Cawley, John, and David Frisvold. The Incidence of Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: The Case of Berkeley, California. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21465.

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Cawley, John, Chelsea Crain, David Frisvold, and David Jones. The Pass-Through of the Largest Tax on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: The Case of Boulder, Colorado. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25050.

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Blumwald, Eduardo, and Avi Sadka. Sugar and Acid Homeostasis in Citrus Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697109.bard.

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Citrus fruit quality standards have been determined empirically, depending on species and on the particular growing regions. In general, the TSS (total soluble solids) to total acidity (TA) ratio determines whether citrus fruit can be marketed. Soluble sugars account for most of the TSS during harvest while TA is determined almost solely by the citric acid content, which reaches levels of 1-5% by weight in many cultivated varieties. Acid and sugar homeostasis in the fruit is critical for the management of existing cultivars, the development of new cultivars, the improvement of pre- and post-harvest strategies and the control of fruit quality and disorders. The current proposal (a continuation of a previous proposal) aimed at: (1) completing the citrus fruit proteome and metabolome, and establish a citrus fruit functional database, (2) further characterization of the control of fruit acidity by studying the regulation of key steps affecting citrate metabolism, and determine the fate of citrate during acid decline stage, and (3) Studying acid and sugar homeostasis in citrus fruits by characterizing transport mechanisms across membranes. These aims were completed as the following: (1) Our initial efforts were aimed at the characterization and identification of citric acid transporters in citrus juice cells. The identification of citrate transporters at the vacuole of the citrus juice cell indicated that the steady-state citrate cytosolic concentration and the action of the cytosolic aconitase were key elements in establishing the pH homeostat in the cell that regulates the metabolic shift towards carbon usage in the fruit during the later stages of fruit development. We focused on the action of aconitase, the enzyme mediating the metabolic use of citric acid in the cells, and identified processes that control carbon fluxes in developing citrus fruits that control the fruit acid load; (2) The regulation of aconitase, catalyzing a key step in citrate metabolism, was further characterized by using two inhibitors, citramalte and oxalomalte. These compounds significantly increased citrate content and reduced the enzyme’s activity. Metabolite profiling and changes of amino-acid metabolizing enzymes in oxalomalate- treated cells suggested that the increase in citrate, caused by aconitase inhibition, induces amino acid synthesis and the GABA shunt, in accordance with the suggested fate of citrate during the acid decline stage in citrus fruit. (3) We have placed a considerable amount of time on the development of a citrus fruit proteome that will serve to identify all of the proteins in the juice cells and will also serve as an aid to the genomics efforts of the citrus research community (validating the annotation of the fruit genes and the different ESTs). Initially, we identified more than 2,500 specific fruit proteins and were able to assign a function to more than 2,100 proteins (Katz et al., 2007). We have now developed a novel Differential Quantitative LC-MS/MS Proteomics Methodology for the identification and quantitation of key biochemical pathways in fruits (Katz et al., 2010) and applied this methodology to identify determinants of key traits for fruit quality (Katz et al., 2011). We built “biosynthesis maps” that will aid in defining key pathways associated with the development of key fruit quality traits. In addition, we constructed iCitrus (http://wiki.bioinformatics.ucdavis.edu/index.php/ICitrus), a “functional database” that is essentially a web interface to a look-up table that allows users to use functional annotations in the web to identify poorly annotated citrus proteins. This resource will serve as a tool for growers and field extension specialists.
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