Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sudden enlightenment

Academic literature on the topic 'Sudden enlightenment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Sudden enlightenment.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Sudden enlightenment"

1

Mitchell, Donald W., and Sung Bae Park. "Buddhist Faith and Sudden Enlightenment." Philosophy East and West 35, no. 1 (January 1985): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1398687.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Zhang, Rongkun. "Unique Ethical Insights Gained from Integrating Gradual Practice with Sudden Enlightenment in the Platform Sutra—An Interpretation from the Perspective of Daoism." Religions 11, no. 8 (August 17, 2020): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11080424.

Full text
Abstract:
Since sudden enlightenment in the Platform Sutra is over-emphasized and gradual practice is comparatively ignored by quite a number of scholars, this article is primarily intended to illustrate that for Huineng, gradual practice and sudden enlightenment are practically integrated, which has profound ethical implications. Furthermore, it goes a step further to explore how gradual practice is made possible, by using original material in the text and by introducing relevant theory from Daoism. It also addresses the question about transcendence of morality that some scholars raise. Through exploring the topics of virtue and knowledge in Huineng’s thought with the help of Daoist wisdom, I aim to show that, as sudden enlightenment is accompanied by gradual practice, virtue together with knowledge appear hand in hand in a “perfect” form, which also strengthens the feature of perfection revealed in Huineng’s ethical doctrine.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Kraft, Kenneth, and Peter N. Gregory. "Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought." Journal of the American Oriental Society 110, no. 2 (April 1990): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/604574.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Sung, Hoe-Kyung. "Spinoza’s Ethics of Enlightenment - In respect of Sudden-Gradual(頓漸) -." Journal of the New Korean Philosophical Association 92 (April 30, 2018): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20433/jnkpa.2018.04.92.49.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

하유진. "Dao-sheng(道生)’s Theory of Sudden Enlightenment(頓悟說)." BUL GYO HAK YEONGU-Journal of Buddhist Studies 29, no. ll (August 2011): 195–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.21482/jbs.29..201108.195.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Orzech, Charles D. "Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought. Peter N. Gregory." History of Religions 31, no. 1 (August 1991): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/463265.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

YANAGI, Mikiyasu. "Yongming Yanshou’s Sudden Enlightenment and Sudden Practice : The Inheritance and Transformation of Tang Dynasty Theories of Cultivation and Realization." Journal of Seon Studies 45 (December 31, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22253/jss.2016.12.45.43.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Kwon, Yeong-Min. "Chinul’s Concept of ‘Sudden Enlightenment and Gradual Cultivation’ and Dewey’s Concept of Experience." Korean Society for the Study of Moral Education 32, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17715/jme.2020.9.32.3.1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Dobie, Madeleine. "The Enlightenment at War." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 124, no. 5 (October 2009): 1851–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2009.124.5.1851.

Full text
Abstract:
Though few today, even in academic circles, can say with certainty when, where, or over what issues the seven years' war was fought, this mid-eighteenth-century conflict can fairly be characterized as the first global war. It was fought on three continents—Europe, North America, and Asia—and there were significant encounters in West Africa and the Caribbean. It engaged all the European powers, and it is estimated to have cost over a million lives. The historian Linda Colley has characterized the Seven Years' War as “[t]he most dramatically successful war the British ever fought” (101). From the standpoint of empire, this assessment is accurate. The war established the contours of the vast British Empire and brought the rival French presence in North America and India to a sudden end. It also had transformative outcomes for the populations caught in the crossfire. Terms such as global, diaspora, refugee, and cultural minority are more widely applied in discussions of contemporary transnational warfare, but they helpfully illuminate the upheavals associated with this eighteenth-century conflict. The global warfare of the 1750s–60s relegated the indigenous population of North America to the status of an embattled cultural minority, and it turned thousands of francophone Canadians into refugees. Yet despite its scale and the social and political fallout it occasioned, the Seven Years' War has never occupied a central place in the national narratives of its major contestants or in the historiography of the Enlightenment. The main reason for this low profile, I think, is that the war was a many-sided conflict, fought on both metropolitan and colonial fronts. Because of this multilateralism, the war has had a fragmented historical reception, a fracture reflected in the various names by which it has come to be known. The label Seven Years' War is generally used to refer to the fighting that took place in Europe. The war in North America, on the other hand, goes under the name French and Indian War, though in Quebec it is remembered more acrimoniously as the War of Conquest. Histories of India often inventory the warfare of the 1750s–60s under the academic-sounding title Third Carnatic War; a more meaningful characterization would be that it marked the starting point of British rule in India.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lee, Jiyeon. "The Emotional Expression of Art through the Process of Sudden Enlightenment with Gradual Cultivation." Society for Art Education of Korea 66 (May 10, 2018): 271–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.25297/aer.2018.66.271.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sudden enlightenment"

1

屈大成 and Tai-shing Wut. "The sudden-gradual distinction in Chinese Buddhist thought." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31239493.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Xie, Jiahua. "Moment beyond moment." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/452.

Full text
Abstract:
This practice-based project explores the photographic phenomenon of ‘moment beyond moment’, which refers to the combined representations of an existing image in an environment, together with the real-life situation at the moment the photograph is taken. I call this photograph an ‘extended photograph’. Employing practical works of extended photographs and focusing on interactions between the moment in real-life and the moment in an existing image, the research explores the transformation of meanings caused by the interactions of these moments in an extended photograph. The research owes its approach to grounded theory, contrary thinking and Chinese Buddhist ‘Sudden Enlightenment’ to further its aim of exploring the unpredictable interaction of these moments, and to disclose the potentials of meaning transformation. My research outcome intends to initiate a discourse with photographic practitioners and theorists on the phenomenon of moment beyond moment in a working environment that is encaged by the excessive existence of displayed images. The thesis is composed as a creative work that consists of a series of photographic images accompanied by an exegesis component. The images represent a nominal 80%, and the exegesis 20% of the final submission.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Chao, Duo, and 趙鐸. "How to Make “Sudden Enlightenment Followed by Gradual Cultivation” Possible: Three Modes of Meditation , Organs Awakening and Classical Methodology of Hermeneutics In Zheng Mai Shu of Śūraṅgama Sūtra." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73y737.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
國立臺灣大學
中國文學研究所
105
In the Ming dynasty, because many Intellectuals regarded “sudden enlightenment followed by gradual cultivation”(頓悟漸修) as an important concept, many Buddhists paid attention to interpret “Śūraṅgama Sūtra”. Among all interpretation of “Śūraṅgama Sūtra”, “Zheng Mai Shu of Śūraṅgama Sūtra”(楞嚴經正脈疏) written by Jiaoguang Zhenjian(交光真鑑) is the most admirable and Controversial book. The book is good at clarifying the different relationship between different paragraph. He criticized old interpretation using unapplicable concept to misinterpret text . That’s why Jiaoguang Zhenjian named his book “Zheng Mai Shu” Actually, the reason why Jiaoguang Zhenjian clarifys the different relationship between different paragraph is pointing out the exactly way of practicing Buddhist rules. In other words, the paragraph of Śūraṅgama Sūtra makes the exactly way of practicing Buddhist rules workable. That is the other meaning of “Zheng Mai Shu”. The exactly way of practicing Buddhist rules is “Sudden Enlightenment Followed by Gradual Cultivation”. In Zheng Mai Shu, there are two parts in the Śūraṅgama Sūtra: teaching and practicing. In the teaching part, there are two ways to realize “the nature of heart”: “sense organ”(根) or “consciousness”(識). Jiaoguang Zhenjian distinguished which one is the correct way. “The nature of heart” is not only “not transcendent” but also “not experienced”. Due to “not experienced”, Practitioner can practice Sudden Enlightenment. Due to “not transcendent”, Practitioner can practice gradual cultivation. In conclusion, there are systematic descriptions about omnipresent “the nature of heart ” and “the ignorance to the nature of heart”. In the practicing part, there is a gradual cultivation without regarding “the nature of heart” as anything. This kind of gradual cultivation is the perfect penetration of the ear faculty(耳根圓通)。 Jiaoguang Zhenjian claimed that the kind of self cultivation is better than “Zhiguan of Tiantai School”(天台止觀). Compare to “Yuan Tong Shu of Śūraṅgama Sūtra”(楞嚴經圓通疏), we will find out how Youqi Chuandeng(幽溪傳燈) found out the exactly Tiantai way of practicing Buddhist rules in Śūraṅgama Sūtra. Therefore, in the end of my article. There is a thinking mode of opposition in the process of mutual negation. That why Jiaoguang Zhenjian regarded Zhiguan of Tiantai School as using consciousness instead of using sense organ. In conclusion, annotators usually display their ideal self cultivation through organizing relationship between different paragraph. In the process of interpreting text, annotators incorporate the classic book into their own sects. Meanwhile, annotators absorb the new concepts in the classic book in order to enrich the teaching of their own sects. This is a suitable way to understand the history of interpreting Śūraṅgama Sūtra between Huayan School and Tiantai School. This is also a important issue that how to make “sudden enlightenment followed by gradual cultivation” possible by interpreting “Śūraṅgama Sūtra” in Ming dynasty.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

CHAN，TE-YAO and 詹德耀. "A Study in Exposition on Right and Wrong in regards to Bodhidharma's Southern School—Denouncing the Northern School as Advocating the "Gradual" instead of "Sudden" Enlightenment in Buddhism." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vu7vkp.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
華梵大學
東方人文思想研究所
102
Abstract “Chan meditation” started to develop in China when a monk named An Shi-gao arrived at Luoyang in the second year of the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty (148 AD) and started to advocate “Anapanasati” and promote “integration of Chan and existing Buddhist teachings”. Since then, Chan meditation budded in ancient China. Before Bodhidharma arrived at Guangzhou in the sixth year of the reign of the Emperor Ming of Liu Song of Southern Dynasties (470 AD), Chan of ancient times already had a solid foundation in China, and the translations of many Buddhist texts spread in the country. During the time of Northern Dynasties, Dharma Chan was still one school of Chan Buddhism but not yet the mainstream; it did not become widespread until the beginning of Tang Dynasty. Starting from Bodhidharma, through Huike and Sengcan, Chan Buddhist monks devoted themselves to asceticism. Owing to that, they lived alone and often moved from one place to another; they felt at ease under all circumstances and were not easily affected by rumors at the time. Chan Buddhism did not make a breakthrough in the form until when Daoxin settled down and built a temple for worshiping the Buddha statue in Potou Mountain (also called Shuangfeng Mountain), which lay over 30 kilometers to the northwest of Huangmei, Qizhou (Huangmei County, Hubei Province of modern times). Later Hongren, the successor to Daoxin, received his Chan master’s instructions over his own self-learning. East Mountain Teachings (Dongshan Famen), therefore, became extremely prevalent and the most highly praised Chan school. In terms of the Chan transmission, the dharma was smoothly passed down to the next successor during Bodhidharma and Hongren. However when Shenhui, the successor to Huineng, held Kumbh Mela at Huatai in the 20th year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (732 AD), he accused the school of Shenxiu—Puji of propagandizing that the enlightenment in Buddhism should be attained with a gradual instead of sudden approach. Since then, the schools of Chan Buddhism ushered into a new age. Bodhidharma granted the four chapters of Lankavatara Sutra to Huike, Sengcan, Daoxin and Hongren; even Shenxiu continued to practice Lankavatara Sutra. Huineng started to make slight changes, and Shenhui took an even more drastic action by replacing Lankavatara Sutra with Diamond Sutra. By studying Dharma Chan—Chan Buddhism of early times, this article aims at first investigating the dharma preached by Bodhidharma, Huike, Sengcan, Daoxin, Hongren, Shenxiu and Huineng. Second, with the study of “Huatai Debate”—an event causing the school division of Chan Buddhism, the article goes deeper into the historical development regarding the fact that Shenxiu took the place of Faru to preach Buddhist doctrines in public after Hongren’s death, and analyzes the historical discussions regarding the dharma transmission, and the gradual and sudden enlightenment in Buddhism”. Key words: Bodhidharma, Huatai Debate, Shenxiu, Huineng and Shenhui.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ping-Kuen, Chen, and 陳平坤. "The Combination of the Two Traditions of Prajna and Buddha-dhatu According to Hui-neng''s Teachings of Sudden Enlightenment——The Ch''an Thought of the Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16376503179902733329.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Ilivitsky, Susan. "Making sense of sudden personal transformation: a qualitative study on people’s beliefs about the facilitative factors and mechanisms of their abrupt and profound inner change." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3383.

Full text
Abstract:
Sudden personal transformation (SPT) was defined as a subjectively reported, positive, profound, and lasting personal change that follows a relatively brief and memorable inner experience. Although such change has been described in numerous biographies, works of fiction, and religious and scholarly texts, a consistent definition and systematic program of research is lacking in the psychological literature. Moreover, almost nothing is known about what causes such change from the subjective point of view of individuals who have experienced it first hand. This study used semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis to explore the common beliefs of three participants about the factors that facilitated and the mechanisms that caused their SPT. Findings reveal that all participants reported a life transition, feeling miserable, feeling exhausted, feeling unable to resolve adverse circumstances, reaching a breaking point, and support from others facilitated their individual SPT’s. All participants also indicated that a formalized activity or ceremony as well as a process outside of their conscious control (either a higher power or a deep inner wisdom) produced or caused their SPT’s. Implications for future research and counselling practice are discussed.
Graduate
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Sudden enlightenment"

1

Myobong. Cookies of Zen: Simple and sudden way to enlightenment. Seoul, Korea: EunHaeng Namu, 2008.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

The Sudden Caregiver: Surrendering To Enlightenment. Booklocker.com, 2004.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

1945-, Gregory Peter N., and Kuroda Institute, eds. Sudden and gradual: Approaches to enlightenment in Chinese thought. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Gregory, Peter N. Sudden and Gradual (Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought). Motilal Books, 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Gregory, Peter N. Sudden and Gradual: Approaches to Enlightenment in Chinese Thought (Studies in East Asian Buddhism, No 5). Univ of Hawaii Pr, 1988.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Warman, Caroline. Pre-Romantic French Thought. Edited by Paul Hamilton. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696383.013.1.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter explores what is at stake for supposedly ‘pre-romantic’ thinkers in France, and try to understand what ‘pre-romanticism’ is. It argues that many of the most resonant themes associated with Romanticism, already compellingly and unflinchingly explored by Diderot, It requires us to abandon the familiar models of straightforward transmission and influence which we can fruitfully use in the case of Rousseau, because with Diderot we simply don’t have all the evidence about who said what to whom, or who read what when. Instead, we have sudden manifestations of interest, such as Goethe’s 1805 translation of theNeveu de Rameau, its first publication in any language. We also have to abandon the idea of a literary history in which Classicism dominated then faded to make way for the Enlightenment, which dominated and then faded to make way for Romanticism. This model is too simplistic, although its very convenience explains its existence.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Newman, William. Newton the Alchemist. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691174877.001.0001.

Full text
Abstract:
When Isaac Newton's alchemical papers surfaced at a Sotheby's auction in 1936, the quantity and seeming incoherence of the manuscripts were shocking. No longer the exemplar of Enlightenment rationality, the legendary physicist suddenly became “the last of the magicians.” This book unlocks the secrets of Newton's alchemical quest, providing a radically new understanding of the uncommon genius who probed nature at its deepest levels in pursuit of empirical knowledge. The book blends in-depth analysis of newly available texts with laboratory replications of Newton's actual experiments in alchemy. It does not justify Newton's alchemical research as part of a religious search for God in the physical world, nor does it argue that Newton studied alchemy to learn about gravitational attraction. The book traces the evolution of Newton's alchemical ideas and practices over a span of more than three decades, showing how they proved fruitful in diverse scientific fields. A precise experimenter in the realm of “chymistry,” Newton put the riddles of alchemy to the test in his lab. He also used ideas drawn from the alchemical texts to great effect in his optical experimentation. In his hands, alchemy was a tool for attaining the material benefits associated with the philosopher's stone and an instrument for acquiring scientific knowledge of the most sophisticated kind. The book provides rare insights into a man who was neither Enlightenment rationalist nor irrational magus, but rather an alchemist who sought through experiment and empiricism to alter nature at its very heart.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Sudden enlightenment"

1

Strenski, Ivan. "Gradual Enlightenment, Sudden Enlightenment and Empiricism." In Religion in Relation, 89–109. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11866-3_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Waterman, A. M. C. "The Sudden Separation of Political Economy." In Political Economy and Christian Theology Since the Enlightenment, 107–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230514508_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Jilin, Li. "A Sudden Enlightenment Attained by Reflection—Summarizing the Five Elements Related to Child Development." In Constructing a Paradigm for Children’s Contextualized Learning, 27–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55612-2_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

"Beyond Sudden States of Enlightenment." In Zen and the Brain. The MIT Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/7347.003.0161.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ferrone, Vincenzo. "Politicization and Natura Naturans." In The Enlightenment, translated by Elisabetta Tarantino. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691175768.003.0014.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter examines two major phenomena that had a profound influence on the Late Enlightenment: the sudden and momentous politicization of the Republic of Letters, and the gradual move towards neonaturalism in all fields of knowledge. Over the course of more than a hundred years, the Enlightenment had evolved into a cultural revolution directed against the Ancien Régime, culminating in the significant transformation of Western identity. The crisis of the Ancien Régime arose in step with the Late Enlightenment, setting off a process of cultural hegemony that has rarely been witnessed in any other time or place. The chapter considers how the actual enthronement of man and all his faculties as preached by the Encyclopédie and by Enlightenment humanism went hand in hand with the emergence of the new paradigm of a natura naturans.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

"Excerpts and the Debates Concerning Sudden vs. Gradual Enlightenment." In Numinous Awareness Is Never Dark, 34–35. University of Hawaii Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824867423-009.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Jackson Williams, Kelsey. "Stupendous Fabricks." In The First Scottish Enlightenment, 126–61. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809692.003.0006.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter turns towards artefacts, tracing the sudden rise in interest in prehistoric sites and monuments across Scotland during this period. It shows that cutting-edge approaches to the study of material as diverse as Roman forts and ancient megaliths could interact with older syncretist theories of knowledge and human origins to produce surprising, sometimes radical, reinterpretations of the distant past. Archaeologists and writers as diverse as the opera singer-turned-antiquary Alexander Gordon and the freethinker John Toland used these ancient monuments as telescopes through which to glimpse an almost unimaginable antiquity, one which could exert a dramatically destabilizing effect on present-day hierarchies of culture and geography.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Buswell, Robert E. "Chinul’s Excerpts and the Sudden/Gradual Debate in East Asian Buddhism." In Numinous Awareness Is Never Dark. University of Hawai'i Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824867393.003.0001.

Full text
Abstract:
The introduction offers extended coverage of the history and influence of the Korean Zen master Chinul’s (1158-1210) Excerpts on Zen practice and its treatment of the “sudden/gradual issue” in East Asian Buddhism. The introduction describes how Chinul’s Excerpts serves as his “religious autobiography” and sets the agenda for the entire subsequent history of Korean Buddhist thought and practice. In Chinul’s analysis, enlightenment is actually both sudden and gradual: an initial sudden awakening to the numinous awareness that is inherent in all sentient beings, followed by gradual cultivation that removes the deep-seated habitual proclivities of thought and conduct that continue to manifest themselves even after awakening. Chinul’s preferred approach of “sudden awakening/gradual cultivation” becomes emblematic of the Korean Buddhist tradition. The introduction concludes with a discussion of the mature Korean seminary curriculum and the pivotal role Excerpts plays in that curriculum. Through the evidence marshalled, Chinul’s Excerpts emerges as the single most influential work written within the Korean Buddhist tradition.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Naimark-Goldberg, Natalie. "Between Acculturation and Conversion." In Jewish Women in Enlightenment Berlin, 257–93. Liverpool University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113539.003.0008.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter describes the relationship of the enlightened Jewish women to Judaism and to religion in general, including their attitude to conversion to Christianity. One of the most significant features of the act of conversion in the case of these Jewish women is the fact that, for them, it came in most cases at a relatively advanced age, despite the fact that their close involvement with German society and culture had started years before, in their teens or early twenties. All these women, then, spent many years distancing themselves in practice from the traditional Jewish way of life, blurring the borders that separated the Jewish and Christian worlds. During those years, they usually lived as non-observant Jews, who gradually abandoned Jewish practices but nevertheless remained affiliated to the Jewish people. As such, despite the indisputable importance of religious conversion, in most cases, the act itself did not mark a decisive point of departure in either the social life or the world-view of these women. The act of conversion constituted not a sudden leap from one world to another so much as one more step in a continuing process of acculturation in German society and alienation from the Jewish world.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Schlütter, Morten. "Kànhuà Meditation in Chinese Zen." In Asian Traditions of Meditation. University of Hawai'i Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824855680.003.0009.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper discusses the kànhuà technique developed by the Chinese Línjì (Jpn.: Rinzai) master Dàhuì Zōnggǎo (1089-1163) that became a widespread form of meditation in East Asian Zen. Kànhuà meditation focuses on the keyword or “punch line” (Ch.: huàtóu, Jpn.: watō, Kor.: hwadu) of puzzling Chán “encounter dialogues” (or kōan stories) associated with past Chán (Zen) masters. Dàhuì insisted on a sudden breakthrough enlightenment and considered kànhuà meditation an alternative to a dead-end, no-enlightenment, seated meditation that he associated with the rival Cáodòng (Jpn.: Sōtō) tradition of Chán. The paper further explores four innovations in kànhuà meditation during the centuries after Dàhuì: the use of kànhuà meditation to calm the mind; a greater emphasis on doubt; the integration of Pure Land practice into the kànhuà technique; and the notion that the huàtóu could be called out aloud. However, in spite of such changes kànhuà Chán stayed close to Dàhuì’s vision.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Sudden enlightenment' for particular source types:
Journal articles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography