Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sudden disasters

Academic literature on the topic 'Sudden disasters'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sudden disasters"

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Cheng, Cheng, Qingtian Zeng, Hua Zhao, and Shansong Wang. "Similarity Calculation of Sudden Natural Disaster Cases with Fused Case Hierarchy—Taking Storm Surge Disasters as Examples." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 9 (August 31, 2022): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091218.

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Sudden natural disasters have the characteristics of complexity, unpredictability and frequency. To better manage and analyze sudden natural disasters promptly with the help of historical natural disaster cases, this study adopts the method of fused case structure to calculate the similarity between sudden disaster cases. Based on the disaster information of historical natural disaster cases, this paper aims to perform similarity measures for sudden natural disaster cases that contain textual information, data information and geographic location information at the same time. Taking storm surge disasters as examples, we designed a hierarchical case structure of “vertex-edge-label” based on the characteristics of sudden natural disaster cases. Then, we calculated the case similarity based on three aspects of sudden natural disasters, which were “case scenario”, “disaster damage” and “case structure”. Finally, we aggregated multiple factors to obtain the similarity between storm surge cases and conducted experiments on the historical storm surge cases in China. The result verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the method and showed a higher accuracy of the established aggregated multifactor method compared with the benchmark method.
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Mishra, Vinaytosh, and Mohita G. Sharma. "Understanding Humanitarian Supply Chain Through Causal Modelling." South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 9, no. 3 (November 25, 2020): 317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277977920958084.

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Research Questions: Does being in the social welfare slow-onset disaster quadrant help in garnering resources during the sudden disaster? Theory: Humanitarian supply chain has been traditionally explained as a system involved in mobilizing people, resources, skills and knowledge for disaster relief operations. The established classification of disasters includes natural and man-made disasters. These are further classified into sudden- and slow-onset disasters. Social welfare supply chains happen to be a distinctive type of humanitarian supply chain working in slow-onset disasters such as poverty and drought. To understand the complex systems like humanitarian supply chain, system dynamics modelling is used. Type of the Case: Study of a phenomenon. Basis of the Case: In this study, we proposed a humanitarian supply chain case and system dynamics model that works as a social welfare supply chain. In the face of a calamity, operations are ramped up for the sudden-onset conditions. After the initial phase is over, operations are ramped down and again become stable. Protagonist: Absent. Findings: The study tests the results of four policy measures (a) increasing goodwill, (b) decreasing stringent directive, (c) increasing donor attitude and (d) a combination of all of these measures. These measures are additive in nature, and a humanitarian supply chain can use these policy measures to respond to a sudden disaster. Discussions: The case discusses various policy measures taken by the humanitarian supply chain during a sudden disaster. It also explores whether being in the slow-onset quadrant helps tack sudden disasters like earthquakes or terrorist attacks. An organization can start with decreasing the stringent measures in the case of a sudden disaster. Increasing donor attitude and goodwill requires long-term outreach efforts.
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Mamuji, Aaida, and Bilel Kchouk. "Not all Natural Disasters are Covered Equal: A Focus on Canadian Media." Revue Gouvernance 14, no. 2 (April 26, 2018): 46–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1044935ar.

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When Canada launches a Matching Fund in response to natural disasters abroad, the federal government commits to match dollar-for-dollar donations made by the Canadian public to eligible charities participating in disaster-relief efforts. In this study, we used both quantitative and qualitative research methods to analyze Canadian news coverage in response to these humanitarian crises. We found that there was variance in media coverage depending on the nature of the natural disasters, namely whether the disasters were sudden-onset or slow-onset. Sudden-onset disasters not only benefited from more television airtime and print media, the content of coverage was characteristically different than slow-onset disasters.
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Redwood-Campbell, L. "(A306) Primary Care in the First 72 Hours Post Disaster: A Crazy Idea or a Sensible Inclusion for Foreign Medical Teams?" Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s102—s103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003232.

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The use and number of Foreign Field hospitals and Foreign Medical Teams being mobilized after sudden onset disasters in the past decade has increased significantly. Examples include Haiti (2010), China (2008) Pakistan (2005), and Iran (2003). Foreign medical teams do not just work in field hospitals anymore and new trends of how FMTs are engaged need to be taken into consideration. After sudden impact disasters, there is undoubtedly a high need for surgical response. The role of primary care, immediately after a disaster or emergency has sometimes been described as low priority and therefore not needed during the initial response to disasters and emergencies. This oral presentation will review trends in the primary care needs post disaster and the literature around it. Using the Health Resource Availability Mapping System (a model that is derived from the standard health cluster tool and used for collection, collation and analysis of health sector information) and modified to sudden onset disasters, which primary health services when will be reviewed. Discussion and brainstorming encouraged!
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Yi, Jiao-Hong, Jian Wang, and Gai-Ge Wang. "Using Monarch Butterfly Optimization to Solve the Emergency Vehicle Routing Problem with Relief Materials in Sudden Disasters." Open Geosciences 11, no. 1 (August 29, 2019): 391–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2019-0031.

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Abstract China has one of the highest rates of natural disasters in the world. In recent years, the Chinese government has placed a high value on improving emergency natural disaster relief. The goal of this research was to resolve a key issue for emergency natural disaster relief: the emergency vehicle routing problem (EmVRP) with relief materials in sudden disasters. First, we provided a description of the EmVRP, and defined the boundary conditions. On this basis, we constructed an optimization model of EmVRP with relief materials in sudden disasters. To reach the best solution in the least amount of time, we proposed an enhanced monarch butterfly optimization (EMBO) algorithm, incorporating two modifications to the basic MBO: a self-adaptive strategy and a crossover operator. Finally, the EMBO algorithm was used to solve the EmVRP. Our experiments using two examples EmVRP with relief materials in a sudden-onset disaster proved the suitability of EMBO. In addition, an array of comparative studies showed that the proposed EMBO algorithm can achieve satisfactory solutions in less time than the basic MBO algorithm and seven other intelligent algorithms.
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Liu, Lulu. "Research on Digital Economy of Intelligent Emergency Risk Avoidance in Sudden Financial Disasters Based on PSO-BPNN Algorithm." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (November 30, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7708422.

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In recent years, disasters have seriously affected the normal development of financial business in some regions. At the time of disaster, how to effectively integrate resources of all parties, deal with sudden financial disasters efficiently, and restore financial services in time has become an important task. Therefore, this paper adopts Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to improve the traditional BP Neural Network (BPNN) and finally constructs a Particle Swarm Optimization powered BP Neural Network (PSO-BPNN) model for the intelligent emergency risk avoidance of sudden financial disasters in digital economy. At the same time, the proposed algorithm is also compared to GA-BPNN and BPNN algorithms, which are also intelligent algorithms. Experimental results show that the hybrid PSO-BPNN algorithm is superior to GA-BPNN algorithm and BPNN algorithm in simulation and prediction effect. It can accurately predict the sudden financial disaster in recent period, so the model has a good application prospect.
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Noji, Eric K. "The Public Health Consequences of Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 15, no. 4 (December 2000): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00025255.

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AbstractAlthough disasters have exacted a heavy toll of death and suffering, the future seems more frightening. Good disaster management must link data collection and analysis to the decision-making process. The overall objectives of disaster management from the viewpoint of public health are: 1) needs assessments; 2) matching available resources with defined needs; 3) prevention of further adverse health effects; 4) implementation of disease-control strategies; 5) evaluation of the effectiveness of the application of these strategies; and 6) improvement in contingency planning for future disasters.The effects of sudden-onset, natural disasters on humans are quantifiable. Knowledge of the epidemiology of deaths, injuries, and illnesses is essential to determine effective responses; provide public education; establish priorities, planning, and training. In addition, the temporal patterns for the medical care required must be established so that the needs in future disasters can be anticipated.This article discusses: 1) the nature of disasters due to sudden-onset, natural events; 2) the medical and health needs associated with such events and disasters; 3) practical issues of disaster responses; and 4) the advance organization and management of disasters. The discussion also includes: 1) discussions of past problems in disaster management including non-congruence between available supplies and the actual needs of the affected population; 2) information management; 3) needs assessments; 4) public health surveillance; and 5) linking information with decision-making. This discussion is followed by an analysis of what currently is known about the health-care needs during some specific types of sudden-onset, natural disasters: 1) floods; 2) tropical cyclones; 3) tornadoes; 4) volcanic eruptions; and 5) earthquakes. The article concludes with descriptions of some specific public-health problems associated with disasters including epidemics and disposition of corpses.All natural disasters are unique in that the regions affected have different social, economic, and health backgrounds. But, many similarities exist, and knowledge about these can ensure that the health and emergency medical relief and limited resources are well-managed.
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Nia, S. P. S., U. Kulatunga, C. Udeaja, and S. Valadi. "IMPLEMENTING GIS TO IMPROVE HOSPITAL EFFICIENCY IN NATURAL DISASTERS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W4 (March 6, 2018): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w4-369-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Over the past decades, the number of natural disasters has been growing around the world. In addition to damaging communities and infrastructures, unexpected disasters also affect service providers such as hospitals and health centers. Markedly, hospital safety from disasters is a challenge in all countries. With disaster damage to health systems resulting in human tragedy, huge economic losses, devastating blows to developmental goals, and shaken social confidence. Ensuring that hospitals and health facilities are safe and secure from disasters depend on implementing an appropriate method to mitigate adverse impacts on hospitals during incidents. Thus, disaster management becomes even more significant, as the health sector has been particularly vulnerable to damages.<br> So, it is crucial to develop appropriate mitigation and adoption method for healthcare facilities, to withstand the natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. A comprehensive disaster plan is required to ensure a prompt disaster response and coordinated management of a multi causality incident. The aim of this research is to systemically and critically review the importance of hospitals in disaster events and this research attempts to reach a basic understanding to mitigate the risk of disasters in hospitals and improve the continuity of health services during or after disaster events. For this study, secondary information was retrieved from the literature review and document review on sudden-onset natural disasters in different parts of the world was collected. This study found some challenges and deliverables for disaster managers that could mitigate the risk of a natural disaster’s impact on a hospital. Accordingly, this research will evaluate the importance of disaster management for hospitals and the challenges that need to be considered during the disaster response.</p>
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Lou, Xiao Chun, and Xie Yu. "Research on Emergency Management Methods of Incident Contingency in City Administration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5809–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5809.

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In recent years, the situation that a great number of cities in our country are facing sudden-onset natural disasters has become increasingly serious. And therefore, it has a very important significance to establish a rational and effective emergency management and effective response to all types of sudden-onset natural disasters in our cities. This article firstly classifies the urban disasters, summarizes its dangers, and analyzes the formation for the urban disasters. It elaborates the further approaches and strategies of the urban disaster contingency management. Among them, contingency management methods include the Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Remote Sensing technologies (RS). And emergency management strategies are analyzed from prevention and preparation, formulating contingency plans, practicing emergency plans and other aspects. Additionally, the process is deduced from the practical application and has strong value to be promoted.
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Lan, Tian Wei, Hong Wei Zhang, Jian Yang Yu, and Jun Han. "Study on the Correlation of Shallow Source Earthquake and Mine Dynamic Disasters in the Weast of Beijing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1942–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1942.

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Mine dynamic disasters is due to a sudden release of energy by mine engineering disturbed. Shallow-focus earthquake is due to plate movement caused by sudden release of energy. In this paper, on the basis of plate tectonics, geophysical, In this paper, on the basis of plate tectonics, geophysical, through the shallow source analogy is the mechanism of dynamic disaster, earthquake and mine exploration seismic energy result in mine power. The mechanism of disaster analysis seismic energy has the possibility of mine dynamic disaster, combining shallow-focus earthquake and the mine dynamic natural disaster site scheduling, and shallow-focus earthquake and the mine dynamic disasters of space position relations. Analysis in complex geological conditions shallow-focus earthquake geological structure as the first energy transmission medium for mine power disaster role relationship, for the prediction of mine dynamic disaster and the effective prevention and control provides the basis of the production test.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sudden disasters"

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Laor, Efraim. "Policy, strategy and administration of large-scale sudden disasters." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362786.

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Setiawan, Eko. "Location-allocation models for relief distribution and victim evacuation after a sudden-onset natural disaster." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16863.

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Quick response to natural disasters is vital to reduce loss of and negative impact to human life. The response is more crucial in the presence of sudden-onset, difficult-to-predict natural disasters, especially in the early period of those events. On-site actions are part of such response, some of which are determination of temporary shelters and/ or temporary medical facility locations, the evacuation process of victims and relief distribution to victims. These activities of last-mile disaster logistics are important as they are directly associated with sufferers, the main focus of any alleviation of losses caused by any disaster. This research deals with the last-mile site positioning of relief supplies and medical facilities in response to a sudden-onset, difficult-to-predict disaster event, both dynamically and in a more coordinative way during a particular planning time horizon. Four mathematical models which reflect the situation in Padang Pariaman District after the West Sumatera earthquake were built and tested. The models are all concerned with making decisions in a rolling time horizon manner, but differ in coordinating the operations and in utilization of information about future resource availability. Model I is a basic model representing the current practice with relief distribution and victim evacuation performed separately and decisions made only considering the resources available at the time. Model II considers coordination between the two operations and conducts them with the same means of transport. Model III takes into account future information keeping the two operations separate. Model IV combines the features of Models II and III. The four models are approached both directly and by using various heuristics. The research shows that conducting relief distribution and victim evacuation activities by using shared vehicles and/or by taking into account future information on resource availability improves the current practice . This is clearly demonstrated by the experimental results on small problems. For large problems, experiments show that it is not practical to directly solve the models, especially the last three, and that the solution quality is poor when the solution process is limited to a reasonable time. Experiments also show that the heuristics help improve the solution quality and that the performances of the heuristics are different for different models. When each model is solved using its own best heuristic, the conclusions from results of large problems get very close to those from small problems. Finally, deviation of future information on resource availability is considered in the study, but is shown not to affect the performance of model III and model IV in carrying out relief distribution and victim evacuation. This indicates that it is always worthwhile to take into account the future information, even if the information is not perfect, as long as it is reasonably reliable.
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Borneskog, Annalinn. "The international association's interventions and governments role in disasters : Failures and Successes." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3754.

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The debate on international intervention is a very difficult topic. As a main issue in it, the differences lies on decisions regarding - what, when and who. This essay will address the importance of accurate intervention in disaster affected states. It will identify what types of interventions that is most commonly used and if there is one type of intervention that are the most effective one. It will show if the disaster in it self related to the area in question will determine what kind of intervention that should be used – is the identification of them two the deciding factor or is there one particular intervention model that is better to use? The essay will also question whether intervention might lead to a weakened state sovereignty and if sovereignty has to be protected and be taken in consideration before any intervention can be done. To address this, recent history is analysed with two cases as examples – the Darfur conflict and Cyclone Nargis that struck Burma in 2008. The conflict in Darfur is a man-made disaster which  lead to plenty of suffering and many lost lives. Cyclone Nargis was a natural disaster which in it self caused many deaths. In Darfur the discussion regarding what, when and who delayed actions from the international association. It was also disrupted by the government in Khartoum constant refusals of help from the outside world. In Burma, relief could be sent in the initial phase, however, the government was hard to cooperate with, which made it quite impossible for the relief to reach all the affected areas. Putting the empirical part against those theories that has been brought up in this essay, the thesis of it has been answered with the conclusion that whether one type of intervention model is being used or another model, the most important part in any kind of intervention is that the humanitarian assistance along with the provision of needs for survival will reach those who has been affected by a disaster, also, not to create any kind of pressure against the affected state in question, this to prevent further conflicts.

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Jayawickrama, Janaka. "Rethinking mental health and wellbeing interventions in disaster and conflict affected communities : case studies from Sri Lanka, Sudan and Malawi." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2010. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/355/.

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This thesis examines the traditional knowledge and capabilities that disaster, conflict and unplanned development affected communities utilise to deal with uncertainties and dangers inherent in their lives. The key question is whether a model of individual care, core to the tradition of western disciplines, is appropriate for humanitarian assistance largely delivered to ‘non-western’ countries. The methodology uses both quantitative and qualitative techniques, and moves beyond a conventional science approach. Guided by a broader ontology and epistemology, it engages an evaluative judgement of three project based case studies in Sri Lanka, Sudan and Malawi. These evaluative judgements build on the adapted OECD/DAC criteria of relevance, efficiency, effectiveness and impact. The “lived experiences” of mental health and wellbeing for individuals amongst these communities are then further examined through their personal stories. The outcomes of this process are used to inform a discussion on mainstream interventions and to provide a basis for exploring improved practice in this field. The scope of the study presented here was limited to Sri Lanka, Sudan and Malawi. These countries were selected based on their geographical locations, nature of the disaster, conflict or development problem and most importantly access to communities through Disaster and Development Centre’s (DDC) research work with United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and Green Movement of Sri Lanka (GMSL). The researcher trained one colleague each from Sudan, Malawi and Sri Lanka to assist in the translation of Arabic, Swahili, Tamil and tribal dialects. This process was conducted by explaining the objectives of the research, refreshing basic interviewing skills, concepts of translation and addressing the research ethical framework. The findings of the study indicate that most disaster, development and conflict-affected communities are positively dealing with uncertainties and dangers in life without outside‘expert’ help. Although there are evident levels of mental health and wellbeing related issues that are visible to the outside view of a community, the inside view is that there are traditional knowledge systems, religions, cultures, attitudes and values that address uncertainty and dangers in a sophisticated though pragmatic manner. The conclusion of this research process is that suffering through danger and uncertainty is part of human experience; it is an attribute of the human condition. However, disaster and development experts, psychologists, psychiatrists and sociologists are occupied in documenting, describing, analysing and diagnosing risks, vulnerabilities, coping strategies, and post-traumatic stress. Along with the costs of murder, rape, torture, and other forms of human malice, a deeper understanding of mental health and wellbeing in adversity is little understood. This is complicated by the varying nature of events that take place and the variable ways they are experienced by individuals and communities. The onset of uncertainty and danger are sometimes sudden, like the brutal attacks in Western Darfur. At other times they take the form of a continuous reign of suffering like the failed development, disaster reduction and conflict mitigation strategies witnessed in Sri Lanka. Even when suffering is not present in such striking forms, there can be slow deterioration of communities through policies that severely disrupt the lives of people, such as experienced by refugees in Malawi. However, in the middle of the worst circumstances, communities continue to carry on with their livelihood regimes, to celebrate, and to enjoy. This is an achievement beyond everyday life. The thesis findings and conclusions point to the need for collaboration with disaster, conflict and unplanned development affected communities to retrieve their knowledge systems to improve their mental health and wellbeing. This can create new processes to deal with suffering.
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Nickerson, Jason W. "A Field Evaluation of Tools to Assess the Availability of Essential Health Services in Disrupted Health Systems: Evidence from Haiti and Sudan." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30373.

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Background: This thesis presents three research papers that evaluate the current tools and methods used to assess the availability of health resources and services during humanitarian emergencies. Methods: A systematic review of peer-reviewed and grey literature was conducted to locate all known health facilities assessment tools currently in use in low- and middle-income countries. The results of this review were used to generate a framework of essential health facilities assessment domains, representative of seven health systems building blocks. Using this framework, a field-based evaluation of tools used to assess the availability of health resources and services in emergencies in Haiti and the Darfur states of Sudan was conducted. The collected assessment tools from these countries were compared against the framework from the systematic review, as well as the Minimum Standards for Health Action in the Sphere Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response, and the Global Health Cluster’s Set of Core Indicators and Benchmarks by Category. A coding system was developed using all of these frameworks that enabled the comparison of the assessments collected in both countries. Field-based interviews were conducted with key informants using a convergent interviewing methodology, to gain perspectives on data collection and the use of evidence in formulating health systems interventions in emergencies. Results: 10 health facility assessments were located in the systematic review of the literature, generating an assessment framework comprised of 41 assessment domains. Of the included assessments, none contained assessment criteria corresponding to all 41 domains, suggesting a need to standardize these assessments based on a structured health systems framework. In Haiti and Sudan, a total of 9 (Haiti, n=8; Sudan, n=1) different assessment tools were located that corresponded to assessments of the availability of health resources and services. Of these, few collected data that could reasonably have corresponded to the different assessment domains of the health facilities assessment framework or the Sphere Standards, nor could many have provided the necessary inputs for calculating the Global Health Cluster’s indicators or benchmarks. The exception to this was the one tool located in Sudan, which fared reasonably well against these criteria. The interviews with participants revealed that while evidence was viewed as important, systematically-collected data were not routinely being integrated into program planning in emergency settings. This was, in part, due to the absence of reliable information or the perceived weaknesses of the data available, but also due uncertainty as to how to best integrate large amounts of health system data into programs. Conclusions: Greater emphasis is needed to ensure that data on the availability and functionality of health services during major emergencies is collected using methodologically-sound approaches, by field staff with expertise in health systems. There is a need to ensure that baseline data on the health system is available at the outside of emergency response, and that humanitarian health interventions are based on reliable evidence of needs and capacities from within the health system.
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Koksarova, Julianna. "HOW TO GIVE: EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN PUBLIC AND CIVIL SOCIETY SECTORS IN INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN AID." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2846.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
This study demonstrates application of the demand/supply model that derives from the three failures theory to the study of partnership effectiveness, showing that effective partnership is a partnership that provides each partner with assets that help them spend fewer resources on achieving their goals than when working alone, by compensating for each other's weaknesses while maximizing their own strengths. The study uses public-private partnership (PPP) in humanitarian settings as a unique opportunity to investigate partnership as a process and contribute to a nascent collaboration theory. The study shows that factors that define effective PPP during different stages of disaster relief are similar. However, different stages of partnership require different levels of compensation mechanisms from partnership participants to ensure that both actors maximize their strengths while achieving their missions. As a result, different stages of partnership call upon different combinations and degrees of factors affecting partnership effectiveness. This research uses descriptive data and inferential analysis, based on interviews with 10 representatives of humanitarian agencies that partner with the European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Office. It gives scholars and practitioners of philanthropy insights into the question: "how to give?" It also provides collaboration research and public policy with guidance on how to create stronger partnerships and increase the likelihood of better collaboration outcomes as well as how to better deal with hazards in order to mitigate disaster outbreaks.
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Books on the topic "Sudden disasters"

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Surviving sudden environmental change: Understanding hazards, mitigating impacts, avoiding disasters. Boulder, Colo: University Press of Colorado, 2012.

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Jeani, McKeever, ed. Preparing for emergencies: Disaster can strike you suddenly! Medford, Or: Omega Publications, 1993.

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Daly, M. W. Darfur's sorrow: The forgotten history of a humanitarian disaster. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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1933-, Collins Robert O., ed. Requiem for the Sudan: War, drought, and disaster relief on the Nile. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1995.

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Kings of disaster: Dualism, centralism, and the scapegoat king in southeastern Sudan. Leiden: Brill, 1992.

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Consortium, Sudan Emergency Operations. Operational report 1994: Field implementation office, Nairobi. [Nairobi]: SEOC, 1995.

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Magne, Raundalen, ed. Reaching children in war: Sudan, Uganda, and Mozambique. Bergen, Norway: Sigma Forlag, 1991.

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Extreme Canadian Weather: Freakish Storms and Sudden Disasters (Junior Amazing Stories). Altitude Publishing (Canada), 2006.

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Communication when it's needed most: How new technology could help in sudden disasters : report of the International Disaster Communications Project. Washington, D.C: The Program, 1989.

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Peach, Ken. Dealing with Disaster. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796077.003.0015.

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This chapter discusses what to do in the event of a disaster. Disaster is an overused word which can cover many things, from a mild annoyance to an absolute catastrophe. Here, a disaster is any unexpected and unplanned event that severely curtails the ability to carry on ‘business as usual’. This could be because of a catastrophic event, such as a fire or an earthquake that destroys a significant part of the real estate including, perhaps, the main filing system, or something less physical but equally catastrophic like the sudden loss of significant funding or the simultaneous departure of several key personnel. Disasters do happen, albeit rarely. If disaster strikes, it will be very disruptive, but disaster management, with the help of a business continuity plan, a disaster team and a well-designed and tested recovery plan, will reduce its impact.
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Book chapters on the topic "Sudden disasters"

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Lynn, Mauricio. "Maritime Sudden Mass Casualty Incidents." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 105–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_16.

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Lynn, Mauricio. "Telemedicine to Manage Sudden Mass Casualty Incidents Remotely." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 107–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_17.

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Lynn, Mauricio. "Deployment of Field Hospitals to Sudden Onset Disasters." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 115–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_20.

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Morgenstern, Henry. "Hospital Security Considerations During Sudden Mass Casualty Incidents." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 121–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_21.

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Kedar, Asaf. "Humanitarian Aid in Sudden Onset and Progressive Disasters." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 149–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_28.

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Lynn, Mauricio. "Planning Exercises and Drills for Sudden Mass Casualty Incidents." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 111–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_19.

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Lynn, Mauricio. "Prehospital Planning and Response to Sudden Mass Casualty Incidents." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 11–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_2.

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Canales, Alex. "Ethical Considerations in Sudden Mass Casualty Incidents and Disasters." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 123–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_22.

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Lynn, Mauricio. "Hospital Planning and Response to Sudden Mass Casualty Incidents." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 29–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_3.

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Lynn, Mauricio. "Hospital Planning and Response for Sudden Chemical Mass Casualty Incidents." In Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents, 95–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97361-6_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sudden disasters"

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Tandarić, Tihomir, Peko Nikolić, and Vesna Dragčević. "Military road interpolation into public roads network in conditions of natural disaster." In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1187.

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The traffic connection of an area is important for the economic development of the country, but it is of decisive importance for defence purposes. Unlike carefully planned public roads, the concept of military road construction must include solutions for "sudden and non-standard" or sudden and unusual circumstances and events, whether military forces participate in war or peacetime (natural disasters) operations. The paper presents the military roads partition and methods of construction in specific terrain. Military engineering units have a key role in the provision of traffic communications. The example shows the construction of a road for evacuation of the population after a natural disaster by bridging the river with a launch bridge with a tank bridge carrier MT-55A with a construction time framework.
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Berliner, Eyal, Boaz Benmoshe, Amit Dvir, and Yuval Hadas. "Wireless infrastructure deployment model for sudden-onset disasters through real-time monitoring." In 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/camad.2016.7790357.

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Berliner, Eyal, Avi Herbon, Yuval Hadas, Boaz Benmoshe, and Amit Dvir. "Passive assessment of QoS in a WLAN for Sudden Onset Disasters (SODs)." In 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications: Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infcomw.2017.8116464.

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Zeng, Shihua. "Research on Problems and Countermeasures in the Emergency Supply Chain in Case of Sudden Disasters." In 2021 2nd International Conference on Urban Engineering and Management Science (ICUEMS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icuems52408.2021.00041.

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Tominc, Bernarda, and Andrej Sotlar. "Varnostno samoorganiziranje državljanov – med teoretičnim konceptom in slovensko deklarativno prakso." In Varnost v ruralnih in urbanih okoljih: konferenčni zbornik. Univerzitetna založba Univerze v Mariboru, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-404-0.7.

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Security self-organization is a natural right of an individual and a social group. Still, this right is, in conditions of a high degree of institutionalization of security systems, (partially) regulated by the states – both in declarative and legal manners. In Slovenia, this right has been explicitly provided in the resolutions of the national security strategy (1993, 2001, 2010, 2019), as well as in some key legislation from the field of the internal security system, the defence system, and the system of protection against natural and other disasters. Given that there has been no excessive interest in security self-organization in the last three decades in practice, it seems that also the state did not put many interests in the development of this area, neither in terms of support nor in terms of restrictions. However, the sudden appearance of the paramilitary guards (slov. varde) has initiated a vigorous debate in the professional and lay public, showing that a fair share of civil society and security professionals are unwilling to tolerate security self-organization that tries – self-proclaimed and self-assessed – to fill the security deficit of state organizations.
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Naseradinmousavi, Peiman. "Optimal Design of Solenoid Actuated Butterfly Valves Dynamically Coupled in Series." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50094.

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In this effort, we present novel nonlinear modeling of two solenoid actuated butterfly valves subject to a sudden contraction and then develop an optimal configuration in the presence of highly coupled nonlinear dynamics. The valves are used in the so-called “Smart Systems” to be employed in a wide range of applications including bioengineering, medicine, and engineering fields. Typically, tens of the actuated valves are instantaneously operating to regulate the amount of flow and also to avoid probable catastrophic disasters which have been observed in the practice. We focus on minimizing the amount of energy used in the system as one of the most critical design criteria to yield an efficient operation. We optimize the actuation subsystems interacting with the highly nonlinear flow loads in order to minimize a lumped amount of energy consumed. The contribution of this work is to include coupled nonlinearities of electromechanical valve systems to optimize the actuation units. Stochastic, heuristic, and gradient based algorithms are utilized in seeking the optimal design of two configurations of solenoid actuated valves. The results indicate that substantial amount of energy can be saved by an intelligent design that helps select parameters carefully but also uses flow torques to augment the closing efforts.
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Chan Mow, Ioana T., and Sarai Faleupolu Tevita. "Building Resilience to Ensure Teaching and Learning Continuity in the 2020 Pandemic Lockdown: A Consideration of Issues Challenges and Strategies at the National University of Samoa." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.9596.

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This paper demonstrates the leveraging of technology to build resilience in educational systems to ensure learning continuity during disruptions due to pandemics or natural disasters. The paper describes how resilience is achieved through the implementation of the National University of Samoa (NUS) Moodle workplan for transitioning to the new normal of online learning when Samoa went into voluntary lockdown, in response to the threat of Covid-19. Previously, NUS conducted most of its courses in face-to-face (F2F) mode with some courses using blended delivery or blended mode of learning. But in early 2020, with the emergence of Covid-19, and the sudden lockdown of the whole country, it was crucial that NUS transition all its courses to online mode and hosted in Moodle, the university’s Learner Management system. Key factors determining the scope of this implementation were: i) access to devices, ii) access to the Internet, iii) sufficient bandwidth to ensure uninterrupted and reasonably fast access to Moodle, iv) sufficient processor power of servers to handle the volume of processing iv) the number of simultaneous users on Moodle, vi) skill level of staff and students to use Moodle. The paper discusses the implementation details of this transitioning to online such as the conversion of courses to digital and uploading to Moodle, training of staff on the use of Moodle, and upgrading infrastructure. Challenges and issues encountered in this implementation which include access, bandwidth and congestion, and learner engagement, are also discussed as well as a set of recommendations to build resilience and ensure teaching and learning continuity in future lockdowns.
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Zhen You and Cai-rong Lou. "The assessment of emergency system to sudden nature disaster in the city." In 2011 Second International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2011.5987779.

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Meng, Bo, Nan Li, and Dongping Fang. "Simulation of Sudden Water Pollution Accidents of Hun River Based on SMS." In 8th Annual Meeting of Risk Analysis Council of China Association for Disaster Prevention (RAC 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/rac-18.2018.30.

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Zhang, Ding-Hua, Yun-Ru Kong, and Liang Cheng. "Qualitative Simulation Research on Public Behavior of Sudden Power Disaster based on QSIM Theory." In 3rd Annual International Conference on Management, Economics and Social Development (ICMESD 17). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmesd-17.2017.84.

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