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Academic literature on the topic 'Sucking pests'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Sucking pests"

1

V, Vijayasree, Nalinakumari T, and Naseemabeevi S. "Bioecology and Seasonal Abundance of Sucking Pests Infesting Coccinia." Madras Agricultural Journal 99, December (2012): 829–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100205.

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A survey was carried out at the Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Vellayani and nearby locations in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala during 2006-2007 to assess the seasonal abundance of sucking pests infesting coccinia. The dominant sucking pests were scale insect, Saissetia hemispherica (Targ.) and aphid, Aphis spiraecola Patch. The minor sucking pests recorded were leaf footed bug, Leptoglossus australis F. and pentatomid bug, Aspongopus obscurus F. Very low infestation of green stink bug, Nezara viridula Linn. and mealy bug, Ferrisia virgata (Ckll.) was also observed. Due to desapping activity of these pests, the vigour of the plant was reduced. Seasonal occurrence of the pests showed higher population and more damage in summer than rainy season. Correlation studies revealed strong positive correlation between maximum temperature and population of the pests and extent of damage whereas rainfall had significant negative relationship with them.

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2

Sattar, Muzammil, and Muhammad Sarwar. "Management of Sucking Pests of early Season Cotton by Application of different Seed and Soil Insecticides in Pakistan." JOURNAL OF NANOSCOPE (JN) 3, no. 1 (June 25, 2022): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/jn.v3i1.54.

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Cotton is cash crop of Pakistan and sucking insect pests are serious issue especially in early cotton season. To cope with the issue, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the post emergence effectiveness of two seed and two soil applied insecticides on populations’ development of sucking insect pests in cotton. The seed applied insecticides i.e. Imidacloprid (Confidor 70 WS) and Thiamethoxam (Actara 70 WS) were applied to the seed before sowing. Two granular insecticides i.e. Aldicarb (Temik 10 G) and Carbaryl (Sevin 10 D) were applied in furrows with a modified applicator that was calibrated to deliver the desired rate. The results showed that all the tested insecticides were very effective in controlling the targeted sucking insect pests i.e. thrips, whiteflies and jassids as compared to untreated cotton. Conversely, the seed applied insecticides i.e. Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam showed more effectiveness compared to soil applied granular insecticides i.e. Aldicarb and Carbaryl in reducing sucking pests’ populations. Such systemic insecticides applied as treated seed can be present in sufficient quantity in germinating plants leading to toxicity to pests, and helpful for safety of natural enemies. The population trends of the three principal sucking insect pests namely thrip, whitefly and jassid were varied significantly over the study months thereby indicating that the population build up was favoured by certain factors. Consequently, the use of seed applied insecticides can be a major component to put into practice in the integrated pest management technology of cotton.

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KUMAR, RISHI, D. MONGA, MUKESH NITHARWAL, DINESH SWAMI, and SATNAM SINGH. "Incidence of non-target pest species and validation of IPM strategies in Bt cotton hybrids deployed with different events of cry genes." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 85, no. 11 (November 17, 2015): 1448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i11.53695.

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Cotton cultivars incorporated with different events of Cry proteins were evaluated for the incidence of sucking insect pests and abundance of predators under unprotected conditions during the years, 2009 and 2010. Among the sucking pests, whitefly, leafhopper and thrip were the major pests and there was no difference in the abundance of sucking pests among different hybrids. An integrated pest management (IPM) module based on use of eco-friendly strategies was developed and evaluated for transgenic cotton cultivars carrying different events including non-Bt cotton during 2010 and 2011 and was compared with the recommended regional package of practices (RPP) involving use of selective insecticides for sucking insect pests and bollworms. Results indicated low population of leafhopper, thrips and whitefly in IPM as compared to RPP. In addition, the cotton hybrids managed by IPM practices supported higher abundance of natural enemies. The incidence of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) was also less in IPM as compared to RPP module. No bollworm incidence was recorded in any of transgenic cotton hybrid in either of the modules; however IPM and RPP with non-Bt hybrid showed rosette flowers and green boll damage due to pink bollworm, which was less in IPM as compared to RPP. IPM module resulted in low cost of insecticidal sprays and increase in C: B ratio compared to RPP. Furthermore, as the hybrids carrying different events did not differ significantly for the incidence of sucking pests, the IPM module developed was found effective for all hybrids including non Bt cotton hybrid with some revision in the light of bollworm incidence.

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Wari, David, Kazumu Kuramitsu, and Nickolas G. Kavallieratos. "Sap-Sucking Pests; They Do Matter." Insects 12, no. 4 (April 19, 2021): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12040363.

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Srinivasnaik, S., M. Suganthy, S. Mohan Kumar, and V. Jegadeeswari. "Survey, documentation and identification of entomofauna of cocoa, Theobroma cacao L. in major cocoa growing regions of South India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.980.

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Survey, monitoring and documentation of entomofauna of cocoa was carried out in three cocoa growing states viz., Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh during 2014-2015. Results revealed that a total number of 23 species of insect pests and 13 species of natural enemies were documented and identified. Among the insect pests, 14, 2 and 7 species were sucking pests, borers and defoliators, respectively. Among the natural enemies, 7 species of predators and 6 species of parasitoids were documented and identified on different insect pests of cocoa. Among the insect pests, sucking pests were found to be predominant and maximum number of entomofauna were recorded in major coco growing areas of Tamil Nadu. From the results it was concluded that the list of entomofauna documented can enhance the knowledge on diversity of the entomofauna associated with cocoa in three different cocoa growing states. Sucking pests were found to be predominant and caused huge yield loss in Tamil Nadu and Kerala. While in Andhra Pradesh pod borer and bark eating caterpillar were found to be predominant causing severe yield loss. This information provides a base for development of location specific Integrated Pest Management module.

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Vonzun, Messmer, Boller, Shrivas, Patil, and Riar. "Extent of Bollworm and Sucking Pest Damage on Modern and Traditional Cotton Species and Potential for Breeding in Organic Cotton." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 12, 2019): 6353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226353.

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Resistance against cotton bollworm is one of the main arguments for the use of genetically modified (GM) Bt cotton around the globe. The use of GM is prohibited in organic systems and thus the remunerative value of organic cotton cultivation depends on effective bollworm control. In this study, we investigated the extent of bollworm and sucking pest damage in 68 different hybrid and varietal lines of Gossypium hirsutum and varietal lines of G. arboreum at two different locations with contrasting soil fertility and water dynamics. The damage potential of bollworms was assessed from open capsules at two time points. Sucking pests were assessed at three time points using a scoring method. G. arboreum varietal lines and G. hirsutum hybrids were on average significantly more tolerant than G. hirsutum varietal lines to bollworm under fertile and irrigated situations. For sucking pests, the G. arboreum varietal lines were clearly more tolerant than G. hirsutum hybrids and varietal lines. Since, recently, pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) became resistant against Bt cotton and pressure of sucking pests severely increased, screening of genetic resources and systems-based cotton breeding for bollworm and sucking pest tolerance will improve sustainability of organic and conventional cotton production.

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Rajasekhar, N., P. Venkata Subbaiah, P. N. Siva Prasad, M. Raja Narasimha, and I. Venkata Reddy. "Study on the Incidence of Sucking Pests and Pink Bollworm in Cotton." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 45, no. 7 (April 19, 2023): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2023/v45i72128.

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Sucking pests and pink bollworm are serious pest of cotton one after the other in India by causing serious yield losess. The present investigation was carried out in three major cotton growing mandals of NTR district to understand the level of pest incidence in Bt cotton during Kharif, 2022-23 on regular interval. Among the sucking pests only thrips population recorded 32.26 no/3 leaves and crossed the ETL at 45 DAS. Remaining sucking pests such as Leafhopper, whitefly and aphid did not crossed ETL during crop growth period and highest incidence of 5.92, 4.04 and 27.14 no/3 leaves was recorded respectively at 45, 60 and 120 DAS. Whereas pink bollworm recorded 23.10% rosette flowers, 44.04% boll damage in Bheemavaram village of Vastavai mandal and 40.83% locule damage in Konakanchi village of Penuganchiprolu mandal.

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Panickar, Bindu, M. P. Patel, and R. M. Patel. "Impact of Date of Sowing and Weather Parameters on Insect Pests Infesting Summer Mungbean." Environment and Ecology 41, no. 4C (December 2023): 2832–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.60151/envec/hygf4397.

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An experiment was conducted at Pulses Research Station, SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar during summer 2021 and 2022 to find out the insect pests attacking mungbean crop sowing at different dates to determine the optimum date(s) of sowing. It is seen that the incidence and population fluctuation of various insect pests was very much dependent on the prevailed climatic conditions of the cropping season. Study on the impact of date of sowing on sucking pests revealed that the sucking pest populations of whitefly, leafhopper and thrips were significantly high during the crop sown on February 15 and March 8 during both years, and high pod borer damage and low yield were also recorded on this date of sowing. Sucking pest population and percent pod borer damage were comparatively low on the date of sowing on February 26th, and the highest yield was also recorded on this date of sowing. The last week of February is advisable for sowing summer mungbean to get a higher yield and the lowest sucking pest and pod borer populations

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Mensah, Robert K., Peter C. Gregg, Alice P. Del Socorro, Christopher J. Moore, Anthony J. Hawes, and Nick Watts. "Integrated pest management in cotton: exploiting behaviour-modifying (semiochemical) compounds for managing cotton pests." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 8 (2013): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13060.

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We review here research on semiochemicals for cotton pest management carried out in successive Cotton Co-operative Research Centres from 1998 to 2012. Australian cotton is now dominated by transgenic (Bt) varieties, which provide a strong platform for integrated pest management of key pests such as Helicoverpa spp., but new technologies are required to manage the development of resistance in Helicoverpa spp. to transgenic cotton and the problems posed by emerging and secondary pests, especially sucking insects. A long-range attractant for Helicoverpa moths, based on plant volatiles, has been commercialised as Magnet®. The product has substantial area-wide impacts on moth populations, and only limited effects on beneficial insects. Potential roles are being investigated for this product in resistance management of Helicoverpa spp. on transgenic cotton. Short-range, non-volatile compounds on organ surfaces of plants that do not support development of Helicoverpa spp. have been identified; these compounds deter feeding or oviposition, or are toxic to insect pests. One such product, Sero X®, is effective on Helicoverpa spp. and sucking pests such as whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci), green mirids (Creontiades dilutus), and other hemipteran insects, and is in the advanced stages of commercialisation.

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Ghimire, Anup. "A REVIEW ON INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF COTTON AND SUGARCANE PEST." i TECH MAG 5 (January 3, 2023): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.05.2023.16.21.

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Various insect pests can damage crops to different extents, reducing both their quality and quantity. Cotton and sugarcane are particularly vulnerable to sucking complex pests and borer complex pests, which cause damage in different ways. Complex pest sucking sap from delicate plant components, while borer complex pests bore into the crop. These pests have the potential to cause significant damage to the agricultural sector, leading to a considerable loss in yield and quality. The haphazard use of insecticides and pesticides to manage these pests has become a global problem, resulting in harmful effects on human health, plant systems, and the environment. To regulate pest populations, different integrated pest management techniques are followed, including physical, mechanical, cultural, and biological methods. These strategies, which are both sustainable and environmentally sound, attempt to keep pest populations below the economic threshold level. This paper gives an introduction to the invasive pest, biology, lifecycle, and integrated management of cotton and sugarcane pests.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sucking pests"

1

Pathak, Sunil Kumar. "Population dynamics and feeding impact of some sucking pests on Darjeeling Tea." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1046.

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Saha, Dhiraj. "Assessment of Population Variability at Subcellular Level of Some Common Sucking Tea Pests from Darjeeling Hill and its Adjoining Plain." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/951.

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Welch, A. R. "Environmental control of piglet behaviour during the suckling period." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373192.

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Basnet, Kumar. "Enzyme-based detection of pesticide tolerance in the sucking tea pest, helopeltis theivora waterhouse (insecta: heteroptera: miridae) with a study on bio-ecological aspects of its common spider predator from the terai tea plantations of Darjeeling foothills and plains." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2626.

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Sandoval, Castro Carlos Alfredo. "The effect of restricted suckling, milking and nutritional management on milk production and calf performance in dual purpose cattle." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243645.

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Iposu, Shamsideen Oladeinde. "Effect of suckling on response to nematode parasites in young lambs." Diss., Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/115.

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The series of experiments described in this thesis were designed to investigate the role of suckling or late weaning in the response of young lambs to nematode infection. All experiments were conducted outdoors with grazing animals and no supplementation but for suckled groups of lambs whose counterparts were weaned to ryegrass – white clover swards. The parasite of interest was mainly Teladorsagia circumcincta solely but with mixed infection of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in one instance. In Chapter 3 (first experiment), the hypothesis that milk per se may have a direct effect on nematode development, rather than an indirect effect through enhancement of host immunity by superior nutrient supply was tested. Sixty, twinborn lambs were used, allocated to one of eight groups formed by either dosing lambs from 42 days of age or not with the equivalent of 1000 or 250 L₃ T. circumcincta larvae d⁻¹ until five days before necropsy, while a twin was either weaned at 39 days of age, suckled as single or twin until necropsy on day 84. The possibility that weaning one of a twin set onto pasture in close proximity to the ewe would cause abnormal ewe and lamb behaviour was tested by replicating the work in twins maintained as twins but in which one twin received equivalent of 250 and the other 1000 L₃ T. circumcincta larvae d⁻¹. This showed no abnormal ewe nursing or lamb suckling behaviour as a result of weaning a twin in a set. Relatively low faecal egg counts (FEC) and a two to three fold lower worm burdens suggest suckling could reduce larval establishment. Inability to detect peripheral titres of immunoglobulins supports this conclusion. An intra worm-population regulation of T. circumcincta, indicated by a pattern of greater egg-laying by a numerically smaller but physiologically better developed nematode population in suckled lambs measured in eggs 'in utero' and worm length made interpretation of FEC difficult. Suckling significantly improved weight gain and carcass weights, but early weaning did not reduce resilience to infection. In Chapter 4 (second experiment), 40 pairs of twin lambs, average age of 39 days, were either infected with the equivalent of 1000 L₃ T. circumcincta larvae d⁻¹ or not, while one twin was weaned and the other allowed to continue suckling. Necropsy was carried out on groups of five and six lambs from each of the uninfected and infected treatments, respectively, at mean age of 84, 112, and on six lambs from each group at 140 days of age. This serial slaughter allowed further confirmation of the hypothesis in Chapter 3 but also investigated the long-term effect of suckling on resistance or resilience of lambs at the trial when immune responses were anticipated to be developing. An in vitro direct larval challenge (IVDC) study, to monitor larval establishment, was carried out on tissue explants from necropsied lambs. Suckled lambs consistently showed lower FEC (P < 0.05) and worm burdens (P < 0.05) at every phase of the trial. Within the infected groups, % in vitro larval rejection suggested earlier immune responses in the weaned lambs by day 84, which was not consistent with lower worm burdens in suckled lambs but appeared similar in the subsequent necropsies. Lambs continued to show better growth due to suckling while weaning did not reduce the resilience of lambs confirming observations in Chapter 3. The immunoglobulin profile suggested the commencement of immune responses in lambs from the period after the 84th day necropsy, with significantly greater (P < 0.01) IgA titre in the infected groups, and the suckled lambs towards the end of the trial on day 140. A vaccinating effect of early exposure to parasites was coincidentally revealed as a result of unintentional pasture larval contamination, seen in suckled non-infected lambs shedding fewer eggs and harbouring fewer worms during the later necropsies compared with their weaned non-infected counterparts. In Chapter 5 (third trial), 93 pairs of twin lambs, 47 pairs of which received a vaccinating mixed infection of T. circumcincta and T. colubriformis larvae (60 L₃ / kg W / d) at ratio 40:60, respectively during the period 36 – 103 days of age, were either weaned early on day 51 or later on day 108. All lambs were drenched on day 108 and groups received challenge infections from day 116, at same rate with the vaccinating infection, or not, which ceased five days before respective necropsies. Necropsies were carried out on selected lambs on days 108, 184 and 218. The direct effect of milk on larval establishment appeared to feature only in the T. circumcincta populations on slaughter day 108. The long-term benefit of late weaning for development of resistance was conditional on lambs receiving the vaccinating infection, and appeared to be more pronounced in the small intestine, reflected by a greater reduction of T. colubriformis populations in that organ than of T. circumcincta populations in the abomasum. A negative consequence of enhanced immune response was the suggestion of an increased metabolic cost in reduced performance of lambs. In conclusion, the work provides support to the hypotheses that: (a.) suckling may reduce the establishment of nematode larvae through the direct effect of milk, (b.) may enhance rapid development of host immunity to infection, and (c.) it further suggests that lack of larval experience during suckling may have long term negative implications for host resistance. Finally, it suggests that milk may play little role in the enhancement of host resilience to infection and, on the contrary, that additional metabolic cost may be associated with a more rapid development of immunity resulting from larval challenge while suckling.

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7

Heshula, Unathi-Nkosi Lelethu Peter. "Establishment and impact of the sap-sucking mirid, Falconia intermedia (Distant) (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) varieties in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008085.

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The biological control of the weedy complex Lantana camara (L.) (Verbenaceae) has been ongoing in South Africa for over 40 years. Despite this, the weed is still not under sufficient control and continues to invade new territories in the country. The biological control programme needs to be bolstered with releases of new and potentially damaging biological control agents. A promising biological control agent endemic to Central America, Falconia intermedia (Distant) (Hemiptera: Miridae), was imported into quarantine from Jamaica in 1994. This agent was released on sites in KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo provinces of South Africa in 1999. Even though it initially established and damaged L. camara, populations died out at most of the release sites. As varietal difference and adverse climate have been cited as the reason for non-establishment and ineffective control in L. camara biocontrol programmes worldwide, this study attempts to investigate the role that these two factors play in this weed herbivore relationship. Laboratory no-choice trials were conducted to determine the varietal performance of F intermedia, among five Eastern Cape varieties of the weed from East London, Whitney Farm, Heather Glen Farm, Port Alfred and Lyndhurst Farm, and a variety from the Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Pretoria. However, there were differences in performance as the adult mirids performed better on white-pink varieties from Whitney Farm and Heather Glen Farm. To test varietal preference in field conditions, field releases of F intermedia were also made at East London, Whitney Farm, Heather Glen Farm, Port Alfred and Lyndhurst Farm. Post release evaluations were conducted monthly for two years (2002 and 2003). The insect established at East London and Whitney Farm, both of which have white-pink varieties. Insect populations quickly died out at the Lyndhurst Farm and Port Alfred sites, which have dark pink varieties. It is suggested that field conditions may have resulted in poor plant quality and led indirectly to varietal preference, and to non-establishment at these two sites. With the onset of cooler weather, populations disappeared at Heather Glen Farm. This suggested that F. intermedia was suitable for release in more subtropical areas within South Africa where climatic conditions would be suitable throughout the year. The mirid performed well at Whitney Farm, resulting in significant reduction in plant growth parameters such as height and percentage cover, and increasing the cover of other flora growing beneath L. camara plants. Finally, ways to improve the efficacy of this agent are considered in an effort towards better control of L. camara in South Africa.

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8

Gianoli, Ernesto. "Induced responses of wheat to aphid feeding : consequences for both sides of the insect-plant interaction /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1998. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5455-7.pdf.

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Neves, Ademir Diniz. "Bioecologia e tabela de vida de fertilidade de Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas, 1891) (Hemiptera: Ortheziidae) em diferentes temperaturas e UR." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11146/tde-13022014-083216/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento de Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas, 1891) em diferentes temperaturas e umidades relativas do ar, para definir áreas, no Estado de São Paulo, nas quais esta praga tenha maior possibilidade de aumentar o seu nível populacional, e, consequentemente causar maiores prejuízos. Neste sentido, a partir de criação estoque em cróton (Codeaum variegatum L.), cochonilhas recém nascidas foram transferidas para mudas de limoeiro Cravo (Citrus limonia L.) onde foram observados diversos parâmetros biológicos. Procedeu-se de forma análoga para avaliação dos parâmetros biológicos desta praga nas diferentes umidades relativas do ar, utilizando-se neste caso, como hospedeiro, tubérculos brotados de batata (Solanum tuberosum). Concluiu-se que as melhores temperaturas com base taxas liquidas de reprodução (R0) e razão finita de aumento (?), para o desenvolvimento de P. praelonga foram 22 e 25°C; a melhor umidade relativa do ar com base nas maiores taxa liquida de reprodução (R0) e razão finita de aumento (?) para P. praelonga foi 70%; a fase crítica, em qualquer condição térmica ou hídrica, para a criação de P. praelonga foi o primeiro ínstar para fêmeas, e o primeiro ínstar e a pseudo-ninfose para machos; em função das exigências térmicas, P. praelonga pode apresentar de 4,99 a 6,60 gerações anuais, nas principais áreas citrícolas de São Paulo; adultos e ninfas de P. praelonga preferiram as folhas maduras da região mediana da copa para escolha; a amostragem de P. praelonga deve ser feita com maior periodicidade nos períodos secos e frios do ano e em folhas da porção mediana das copas.
The goal of this research was to evaluate the development of Praelongorthezia praeloga (Douglas, 1891) under different temperatures and relative humidity in order to define areas in the state of Sao Paulo where this pest is more likely to increase its population level thus causing higher losses. Through stock rearing of garden crotons (Codeaum variegatum L.), recently born mealybugs were transferred to \'Rangpur\' lime seedlings (Citrus limonia L.) and several biological parameters were observed. Similarly the evaluation of the biological parameters of the pest was performed under different relative humidity having, in this case, sprouting potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers as host. The best temperatures based on net reproduction rates (R0) and finite ratio of increase (?) for the development of P. praelonga were 22 and 25°C; the best relative humidity based on the highest net reproduction rates (R0) and finite ratio of increase (?) for P. praelonga was 70%; the critical stage, under any thermal or moist condition, for P. praelonga rearing was the first instar for females and first instar and pseudo-nymphosis for males; regarding the thermal requirements, P. praelonga may reach 4.99 to 6.60 annual generations in the main citrus areas of Sao Paulo; P. praelonga adults and nymphs preferred mature leaves of the trees for fixation; the P. praelonga sampling must be carried out with higher periodicity in dry and cold periods of the year and in leaves of the central part of the tree.

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Books on the topic "Sucking pests"

1

Omkar, ed. Sucking Pests of Crops. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8.

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2

S, Jayaraj, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, and Symposium on Resurgence of Sucking Insects (1986 : Coimbatore, India), eds. Resurgence of sucking pests: Proceedings of a National Symposium. Coimbatore: Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, 1987.

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3

Service, Mike W. Blood-sucking insects, vectors of disease. London: E. Arnold, 1986.

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Blood-sucking insects: Vectors of disease. London: Edward Arnold, 1986.

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Omkar. Sucking Pests of Crops. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.

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Omkar, Dr. Sucking Pests of Crops. Springer, 2020.

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Walters, Dale. Chocolate Crisis. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401674.001.0001.

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Chocolate is the center of a massive global industry worth billions of dollars annually, yet its future in our modern world is currently under threat. Here, Dale Walters discusses the problems posed by plant diseases, pests, and climate change, looking at what these mean for the survival of the cacao tree. Walters takes readers to the origins of the cacao tree in the Amazon basin of South America, describing how ancient cultures used the beans produced by the plant, and follows the rise of chocolate as an international commodity over many centuries. He explains that most cacao is now grown on small family farms in Latin America, West Africa, and Indonesia, and that the crop is not easy to make a living from. Diseases such as frosty pod rot, witches’ broom, and swollen shoot, along with pests such as sap-sucking capsids, cocoa pod borers, and termites, cause substantial losses every year. Most alarmingly, cacao growers are beginning to experience the accelerating effects of global warming and deforestation. Projections suggest that cultivation in many of the world’s traditional cacao-growing regions might soon become impossible. Providing an up-to-date picture of the state of the cacao bean today, this book also includes a look at complex issues such as farmer poverty and child labor, and examines options for sustainable production amid a changing climate. Walters shows that the industry must tackle these problems in order to save this global cultural staple and to protect the people who make their livelihoods from producing it.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sucking pests"

1

Omkar and Arun Kumar Tripathi. "Sucking Pests of Cereals." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 3–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_1.

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Reddy, P. Venkata Rami, M. A. Rashmi, K. Sreedevi, and Sandeep Singh. "Sucking Pests of Mango." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 411–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_13.

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Kulkarni, N. S. "Sucking Pests of Grapes." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 425–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_14.

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Padmanaban, B., and M. Mani. "Sucking Pests of Banana." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 451–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_15.

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Singh, Sandeep, P. V. R. Reddy, and Sikha Deka. "Sucking Pests of Citrus." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 481–515. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_16.

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Singh, Swoyam, and S. N. Tiwari. "Sucking Pests of Rice." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 55–105. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_2.

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Omkar and Arun Kumar Tripathi. "Sucking Pests of Sugarcane." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 135–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_4.

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Gaur, Neeta, and Rashmi Joshi. "Sucking Pests of Soybean." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 233–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_7.

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Shera, P. S., Vijay Kumar, and Vikas Jindal. "Sucking Pests of Cotton." In Sucking Pests of Crops, 249–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6149-8_8.

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Branco, Manuela, José Carlos Franco, and Zvi Mendel. "Sap-Sucking Forest Pests." In Forest Entomology and Pathology, 417–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11553-0_13.

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AbstractSap-sucker insects are distinguished by their specialized mouthparts, adapted to penetrate and suck fluids from plant tissues. Many sap-sucking insect species are of major economic importance for forests, forest nurseries, and urban trees, causing plant stress, distortion, shoot stunting, and gall formation, or transmitting plant pathogens. In this chapter, we give an overview of the diversity and biology of sap-sucker insects of forest trees, with an emphasis on the two major groups, aphids, and scale insects. We further present their ecology highlighting their biotic interactions with other organisms. Finally, we discuss sap-sucking forest pests and their management.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sucking pests"

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Handayani, Wuri, Aji Winara, Suhartono, and Endah Suhaendah. "Attack of shoot-sucking pests on gerunggang (Cratoxylum arborescens (Vahl.) Blume) in peatland rehabilitation." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INNOVATIVE BIOPRODUCTION INDONESIA ON BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING 2022: Strengthening Bioeconomy through Applied Biotechnology, Bioengineering, and Biodiversity. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0183715.

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Varfolomeeva, E. A., G. V. Mitina, and A. A. Choglokova. "Field test of the spores of entomopathogenic fungi Lecanicillium muscarium against Adelges on conifers of the Botanical Garden of Peter the Great." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.06.

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Adelgids are dangerous sucking pests of the conifers. Adelges pectinatae pectinatae and Pineus cembrae (Cholodkovsky, 1888) are noted throughout the Botanical Garden of Peter the Great on the conifers Abies sibirica, Pinus sibirica, and Pinus Banksiana. The application of entomopathogenic fungi that can penetrate into the galls of adelgids allows decreasing the usage of the chemical pesticides. Strain G-033 VIZR, which is effective against sucking insects and mites, was examined. Conifers infected by the adelgids were sprayed with the blastospore suspension (titer – 5x107 spores/ml). The number of Adelges galls was counted before treatment and weekly for a month. The effectiveness of spores on the 7th and 10th day was 20-44 %; the effectiveness of the chemical insecticide Actara was 52-99 %. By the end of the observations, the effectiveness of the biolpesticide reached 92-98% at all species of trees and was at the level of the chemical reference. The effect of the application of spores was registered over the next month. The ability of L. muscarium to cause mycosis was proved by isolating strain G-033 VIZR from the galls of Adelges infected by fungus. The strain G-033 VIZR of L. muscarium showed high efficiency and a prolonged effect on the Adelgids population of two species A. pectinatae pectinatae and P. cembrae.

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Ahmad, Aqeel. "Preliminary ecological risk assessment of a new Bt protein (Cry51Aa2.834_16) effective for controlling targeted sucking insect pests in cotton using laboratory and field data." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107852.

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Umurzakov U.E., U. E., S. I. Akhmedov S.I., and Kh Zh Khursanov Kh.Zh. "Useful entomofauna of tobacco agrobiocenosis in Uzbekistan." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-45.

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Are established, levels of number of entomophages at which they contain growth of density of populations of the sucking wreckers on tobacco an agrobiocenosis. that allows to cancel processing by insecticides in tobacco pest control.

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Stout, Joe. "InscalisTM: A new insecticide for piercing-sucking pest management." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112888.

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Natarajan, Lalitha. "Species diversity and phenology of predators of sucking pest complex in mulberry ecosystems of Eastern India." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112644.

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Reports on the topic "Sucking pests"

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Glazer, Itamar, Alice Churchill, Galina Gindin, and Michael Samish. Genomic and Organismal Studies to Elucidate the Mechanisms of Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Fungi to Ticks. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593382.bard.

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The overall goal of this research was to elucidate the factors affecting early development of Metarhizium spp. (previously named M. anisopliae) on ticks or tick cuticle extracts and the molecular basis of these early infection processes. The original objectives were: 1. Characterize the pre-penetration events (adhesion, germination and appressorium formation) of spores of M. anisopliae strains with high or low virulence during tick infection. 2. Create GFP-expressing strains of M. anisopliae tick pathogens having high and low virulence to compare their progress of infection by microscopy. 3. Use microarray analyses, primarily with existing M. anisopliae EST sequences in GenBank, to identify and characterize fungal genes whose expression is regulated in response to host cuticle extracts. Objective 3 was later modified (as approved by BARD) to use RNAseq to characterize the early stages of fungal gene expression during infection of intact host cuticles. This new method provides a massively larger and more informative dataset and allows us to take advantage of a) recently published genomes of Metarhizium robertsii and M. acridum for RNAseq data analysis, and b) newly developed and highly efficient cDNA sequencing technologies that are relatively low cost and, therefore, allow deep sequencing of multiple transcriptome samples. We examined pre-penetration and penetration events that differentiate high and low virulence strains of Metarhizium spp., focusing on spore adhesion, germination, appressorium formation, and penetration of tick integuments. Initiation of fungal infection was compared on susceptible and resistant tick species at different tick developmental stages. In vitro studies comparing the effects of protein and fatty acid profiles from tick cuticle extracts demonstrated that resistant tick cuticles contain higher concentrations of specific lipids that inhibit fungal development than do susceptible tick cuticles, suggesting one mechanism of Ixodidae resistance to fungal entomopathogens (Objective 1). We used molecular markers to determine that the three M. anisopliae strains from Israel that we studied actually were three distinct species. M. brunneum is highly virulent against the tick Rhipicephalus annulatus, M. pingshaense and M. robertsii are intermediate in virulence, and M. majus is of low virulence. We transformed all four Metarhizium species to express GFP and used them in pathogenicity assays against diverse tick species. Key findings were that a) resistant ticks inhibit Metarhizium infection prior to hemocoel invasion by reducing fungal viability on the cuticle surface (Objective 2), as was supported by the in vitro studies of Objective 1, and b) Metarhizium kills susceptible ticks after cuticle penetration but prior to hemocoel colonization. Transcriptome studies of the most virulent species, M. brunneum, are in progress and include analyses of ungerminated conidia and conidia germination and development on a low nutrient medium or on susceptible R. annulatus exoskeleton (Objective 3). We anticipate these studies will contribute to identifying fungal genetic factors that increase virulence and speed of kill and may help reveal tick chemistries that could be included in biocontrol formulations to increase efficacy. Methodologies developed to screen tick cuticle extracts for ability to support conidia germination and development may help in the selection of wild fungi with increased virulence against resistant ticks. The overall knowledge gained should contribute not only to the improvement of tick control but also to the control of other blood-sucking arthropods and related plant pests. Use of bio-based agents for controlling arthropods will contribute to a healthier, more sustainable environment and serve a growing number of organic food farmers.

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Zchori-Fein, Einat, Judith K. Brown, and Nurit Katzir. Biocomplexity and Selective modulation of whitefly symbiotic composition. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7591733.bard.

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Whiteflies are sap-sucking insects that harbor obligatory symbiotic bacteria to fulfill their dietary needs, as well as a facultative microbial community with diverse bacterial species. The sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a severe agricultural pest in many parts of the world. This speciesconsists of several biotypes that have been distinguished largely on the basis of biochemical or molecular diagnostics, but whose biological significance is still unclear. The original objectives of the project were (i) to identify the specific complement of prokaryotic endosymbionts associated with select, well-studied, biologically and phylogeographically representative biotypes of B. tabaci, and (ii) to attempt to 'cure’ select biotypes of certain symbionts to permit assessment of the affect of curing on whitefly fitness, gene flow, host plant preference, and virus transmission competency.To identify the diversity of bacterial community associated with a suite of phylogeographically-diverseB. tabaci, a total of 107 populations were screened using general Bacteria primers for the 16S rRNA encoding gene in a PCR. Sequence comparisons with the available databases revealed the presence of bacteria classified in the: Proteobacteria (66%), Firmicutes (25.70%), Actinobacteria (3.7%), Chlamydiae (2.75%) and Bacteroidetes (<1%). Among previously identified bacteria, such as the primary symbiont Portiera aleyrodidarum, and the secondary symbionts Hamiltonella, Cardinium and Wolbachia, a Rickettsia sp. was detected for the first time in this insect family. The distribution, transmission, and localization of the Rickettsia were studied using PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Rickettsia was found in all 20 Israeli B. tabaci populations screened as well as some populations screened in the Arizona laboratory, but not in all individuals within each population. FISH analysis of B. tabaci eggs, nymphs and adults, revealed a unique concentration of Rickettsia around the gut and follicle cells as well as its random distribution in the haemolymph, but absence from the primary symbiont housing cells, the bacteriocytes. Rickettsia vertical transmission on the one hand and its partial within-population infection on the other suggest a phenotype that is advantageous under certain conditions but may be deleterious enough to prevent fixation under others.To test for the possible involvement of Wolbachia and Cardiniumin the reproductive isolation of different B. tabacibiotypes, reciprocal crosses were preformed among populations of the Cardinium-infected, Wolbachia-infected and uninfected populations. The crosses results demonstrated that phylogeographically divergent B. tabaci are reproductively competent and that cytoplasmic incompatibility inducer-bacteria (Wolbachia and Cardinium) both interfered with, and/or rescued CI induced by one another, effectively facilitating bidirectional female offspring production in the latter scenario.This knowledge has implications to multitrophic interactions, gene flow, speciation, fitness, natural enemy interactions, and possibly, host preference and virus transmission. Although extensive and creative attempts undertaken in both laboratories to cure whiteflies of non-primary symbionts have failed, our finding of naturally uninfected individuals have permitted the establishment of Rickettsia-, Wolbachia- and Cardinium-freeB. tabaci lines, which are been employed to address various biological questions, including determining the role of these bacteria in whitefly host biology.

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